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Journal articles on the topic 'Russian Reconnaissance operations'
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1
Hatsenko, S., S. Mordvinov, O. Mudrenko, and V. Heorhiiev. "SUBSTANTIATION OF METHODS OF SEARCH FOR THE DIVERSION AND INTELLIGENCE GROUPS OF THE OPPONENT AND ILLEGAL WEAPON FORMATIONS." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy, no. 17 (August 31, 2022): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2022.17.176-186.
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The implementation of the measures of the joint forces operation to contain and repulse Russian armed aggression in the territory of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, the national security of Ukraine provides a set of multifaceted political, diplomatic, economic, technological, ideological and military measures. Of decisive importance among them are political measures aimed at creating favorable conditions for the state, eliminating existing and potential threats, and localizing them. The experience of conducting combat operations in the Joint Forces operation, namely, the performance of tasks by units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other components of the defense forces in stabilization operations while strengthening the protection of the state border, isolating the armed conflict, combating enemy sabotage and reconnaissance groups and illegal armed formations, indicates that that the classical ways of performing tasks are not rational. In preparation for and during active combat operations in order to destabilize the situation, sabotage mobilization measures and the operational deployment of troops, isolate the battlefield, complicate maneuver, disrupt command and control of troops and weapons, rear services, etc. the enemy will carry out large-scale sabotage, reconnaissance and other subversive actions in the zone of responsibility of operational formations (formations). At the same time, illegal armed formations will be organized and operate, which will be involved in carrying out destabilization actions. The article considers a calculation method for searching for enemy sabotage and reconnaissance groups and illegal armed formations in a given area, taking into account the peculiarities of modern armed conflicts and the forces and means involved (used) in this process. Keywords: search, sabotage and reconnaissance group, illegal armed formation of mathematical expectation, probability of an event.
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Иванов, Святослав, and Svyatoslav Ivanov. "Intention and plan for operational search operation." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2019, no. 3 (October 15, 2019): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2019-3-136-143.
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The article is devoted to the problem of planning operational search operations conducted by the operational units of the internal affairs agencies, and is based on the analysis of the practical activities of the police (militia) and counterintelligence agencies of Russia, some works of domestic and foreign researchers and the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On operational search activities”. The availability of a single plan and intention is recognized as mandatory features of operational-search operations, along with coordination of all operational-search measures and other supportive tactical methods of action envisaged by them for the purpose, time and place (objects). The content of the plan and intention, their relationship, dependence on the purpose and scale of the operation, and the assessment by the manager and the operational officer of the general and specific operational situation are considered. It was stated that there is an insufficient normative entrenchment of the issues of physical detention of suspects, ambushes and other supportive tactical methods of action. Based on the personal experience of the author, some practical recommendations are given on the use of operational combinations, operational games, the use of tactical principles, including the principle of surprise that is mandatory for arranging and conducting operations, conducting reconnaissance, applying operational masking, etc.
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Golovanova, Elena. "SPECIAL VOCABULARY OF THE MILITARY SPHERE IN TODAY'S COMMUNICATIVE SPACE." Linguistics & Education 4, no. 2 (June 28, 2024): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17021/2712-9519-2024-2-37-45.
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The article analyzes lexical units of a terminological and non-thermological nature associated with the military sphere and actively used in the modern communicative space in connection with Russia's special military operation. The author focuses on the typological composition and thematic classification of these units, some features of their formation and functioning are considered. It is shown that not only terms are in demand, but also oral professional units (professionalism and professional jargon). When analyzing non-verbal designations of a phraseological nature, a clear differentiation of units characterizing the methods of military operations of the Russian armed forces and the Armed Forces of Ukraine was found; from other thematic groups, the names of technical means of reconnaissance, deterrence and destruction of the enemy, as well as the names of spatial objects associated with military operations, are meaningfully presented.
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Popov, Aleksey Vladimirovich, and Olga Dmitrievna Fedotova. "Training of lower officers in the Russian system of military aviators' training of the late 19th – early 20th century." KANT 38, no. 1 (March 2021): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2021-38.67.
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The article analyzes the issues of training military aeronauts in the late 19th – early 20th century in Russia. It is shown that the emergence of new technical means providing ascent into the airspace has opened up new possibilities for conducting military operations, as evidenced by the experience of using aeronautics abroad. The Russian command did not immediately realize the possibilities of conducting reconnaissance and conducting artillery fire on the enemy, which led to a lag in the development of aeronautics and aeronautics, as well as in training personnel for flight support. The article shows that for the training of officers and lower ranks in the Russian army, special units were created in which the lower ranks were taught special subjects that guarantee the production of safe flights due to their technical support.
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Savchuk, Oleg, Vladimir Kreytor, and Oleg Troyanov. "ON A POSSIBLE RADIATION ACCIDENT ON A NUCLEAR-POWERED ICEBREAKER AND ORGANIZATION OF SAFETY OF RESCUERS OF EMERCOM OF RUSSIA DURING LIQUIDATION OF ITS CONSEQUENCES." Problems of risk management in the technosphere 2023, no. 3 (September 28, 2023): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.61260/1998-8990-2023-3-181-188.
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Based on the analysis of the presence of radiation hazardous facilities in the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation, the problem of ensuring environmental safety in connection with the disposal of spent nuclear fuel of nuclear icebreakers is considered. Due to the growing number of Russian nuclear icebreakers in the Arctic, the specifics of their use, storage conditions for accumulating radioactive waste on ships serving them, there is a risk of accidents during loading and unloading operations with spent nuclear fuel. A hypothetical model of an accident with the depressurization of a container with solid radioactive waste is considered, and recommendations are given on the organization of radiation reconnaissance and ensuring the safety of personnel of EMERCOM of Russia participating in the elimination of the consequences of radiation pollution, attention is paid to the specifics of decontamination.
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Butuzov, V., D. Kovtoniuk, and I. Luhovskyi. "SPECIFIC FEATURES OF ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCTING OF PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE BY INTELLIGENCE UNITS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE DURING PARTICIPATION IN COUNTERING ARMED AGGRESSION." STATE SECURITY 1, no. 1 (2023): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33405/2786-8613/2023/1/1/288257.
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The article examines the peculiarities of organization and conduct of personal intelligence by the defense forces of Ukraine based on the analysis of experience in performing reconnaissance tasks during the repulsion of full-scale armed aggression by the russian federation. It clarifies the list of main tasks of personal intelligence in modern conditions and discusses the problematic issues related to the collection of intelligence information from the local population. It describes general approaches to obtaining information through the analysis of social media and monitoring services used for this purpose. Furthermore, it outlines the ways to further develop the capabilities of personal intelligence within the National Guard of Ukraine. Personal intelligence, in this article, refers to a complex of measures and actions carried out by designated units using methods of acquiring information from human resources (sources) in order to provide intelligence information to military command (staff) for the purpose of preparing and conducting combat (special) operations by military units (subunits) of the defense forces of Ukraine. It provides detailed information that helps confirm or refute intelligence information, enables obtaining answers to specific questions, and increases the reliability of information used by defense management authorities for decision-making. Conducting personal intelligence through obtaining information from the local population is one of the effective methods of collecting intelligence information in dynamic combat situations. This approach involves interacting with individuals residing in territories occupied by the enemy or having access to valuable information concerning enemy actions, population attitudes, significant events, and other intelligence-relevant aspects. In addition to obtaining information from the local population, gathering intelligence from open sources is a particular tool that helps collect valuable data for the effective execution of reconnaissance tasks by intelligence units within the National Guard of Ukraine formations. The acquisition of intelligence information from the local population and open sources is an integral component of reconnaissance activities. These processes assist reconnaissance units in having a comprehensive understanding of the situation, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of intelligence information, thereby contributing to the successful accomplishment of tasks and ensuring national security by the National Guard of Ukraine formations. The experience of organizing and conducting personal intelligence activities to provide reconnaissance support for operations of the defense forces in countering the aggression of the russian federation allows drawing conclusions that intelligence from open sources, including the actions of the population regarding documenting and disseminating information about enemy activities, significantly contributes to enhancing the capabilities of reconnaissance support for defense operations in repelling armed aggression.
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Silchenko, I. S. "The features of reconnaissance operations of the 3rd brigade of the Russian expeditionary corps on the Western front. December 1916–March 1917." Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Society. History. Modernity 9, no. 2 (2024): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2542-0488-2024-9-2-50-56.
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The article analyzes the preparation and conduct of reconnaissance operations in the area of the French commune of Aubérive using the example of two regiments of the 3rd Special Infantry Brigade of the Russian Expeditionary Forces in France. The common and unique features of the French front inherent in the activities of the Russian troops are highlighted. The basis of the research is a set of unpublished sources from the collections of the Russian State Military Historical Archive, the Bakhmetyev Archive of Columbia University (USA), the archive of the Russian Cultural Center (USA). The author notes that, despite the inconsistency of the actions of artillery and infantry, the raids were quite well thought out, this allowed not only to carry out a combat mission, but also to save personnel.
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TĂNASE (MĂXINEANU), Lavinia Elena, and Roxana MANEA (ALEXANDRU). "SNAKE ISLAND – BLACK SEA STRATEGIC AREA." INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERINCE "STRATEGIESXXI" 18, no. 1 (December 6, 2022): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.53477/2971-8813-22-33.
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In this article, we will analyze the strategic importance of the Snake Island for the entire Black Sea area and even the European and NATO countries, which are non-riparian states. Utilizing historical analysis as a research method, we will objectively state the importance of the island throughout history while also pointing out some contemporary elements. In addition, we will focus on the political, military, and economic factors that motivated Russian forces' decision to launch an attack on the first day that hostilities broke out between Ukraine and Russia. For this reason, after Ukraine had already lost both control of the Crimean Peninsula and free access to the Azov Sea, the seizure of Snake Island by Russian forces was most likely planned well in advance, as a tactical operation with strategic implications, for the purpose of cutting off Ukraine’s maritime routes and denying access to all of its sea lines of communication. Another factor of great importance is the island's location, which presents the possibility of basing military assets on the island in order to conduct intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) operations and even pose a threat on the eastern frontier of NATO with the probable deployment of mobile multi-layered missile systems
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Ivanyuk, Sergey. "Pomeranian Campaign (1712–1713): Reconnaissance and Sabotage Activities of the Russian Army." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 3 (July 2024): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2024.3.1.
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Introduction. During the Great Northern War, the Russian army conducted many military campaigns in various theaters of combat operations. Many research papers have been devoted to the study of these events, but the events in Northern Germany (1712–1713) were not sufficiently disclosed. The article, with the involvement of sources on the history of the so-called “Pomeranian campaign,” including those not yet introduced into scientific circulation, reveals the features of conducting intelligence and sabotage activities of the army of Peter I in the conditions of a small war. Мaterials. The research is based on both published documents and those stored in archives, which allow us to restore the chronology of events and the methods of conducting intelligence and sabotage activities of the Petrovsky troops. Analysis. A comparison of the documentary evidence of the participants of the Pomeranian campaign, as well as research by Danish military historians, made it possible to determine the main methods of conducting reconnaissance and sabotage activities of Peter I’s troops in this theater of operations and to build a chronology of the events of the period 1712–1713, as well as the place and role of tactical intelligence assessment in the overall course of the campaign. Results. Despite the conditionally zero result of the Russian army, it was possible to achieve several significant results in Pomerania, in which the reconnaissance and sabotage activities of its troops played an important role, with the ability to expect the actions of the enemy and to stop threats from his side. Methods and materials. The basis of the source base was made up of documents stored in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, as well as published materials: correspondence between the Most Serene Prince and Peter I, heads of offices and contractors, as well as notes and diaries of eyewitnesses. The study of published and archival sources and the analysis and comparison of the information contained in them make it possible to reveal the role of St. Petersburg governor A.D. Menshikov in the creation of a regularly built-up port city. Analysis. Before the laying of the Kronstadt fortress on October 7, 1723, the settlement on Kotlin had no name. The first stone houses on the southern coast of the island were erected by the forces of the provinces; therefore, they were called “provincial.” After the start of the second regional reform, the completion of the provincial houses was entrusted to Senator M.M. Samarin. The construction of all stone buildings Peter I entrusted to A.D. Menshikov. In 1720, the Office of the Construction of Kotlin Stone Houses was created to conduct work. In connection with the beginning of the construction of the canal (the future Petrovsky Dock), the wooden residential buildings and outbuildings located near the seacoast were demolished or moved inland. At the beginning of 1724, the stone houses in the “bracket” – the sea gates of Kronstadt – were transferred to the associates of the first Russian emperor and naval officers. Results. In historiography, all stone houses built in 1717–1725 on Kotlin are what it is customary to call “provincial.” The buildings begun in 1719 under the leadership of A.D. Menshikov were built on the model of the provincial ones, but they were called “the houses of his royal majesty.” The office of the construction of the Kotlin stone houses carried out work at a faster pace, which was facilitated by the huge administrative resources of the Petersburg governor.
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Kabachinsky, Mykola, and Oleh Ananin. "Combat reserves of the State border service of Ukraine in combat operations in Donbas (spring – summer 2014." Scientific Papers of the Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University. History 40 (July 3, 2023): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32626/2309-2254.2023-40.221-234.
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The study aim to analysis of the historical experience of the participation of com- bat reserves of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine in the hostilities in the Ukrainian Donbas in the spring and summer of 2014. Research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, comprehensive analysis, and the modern conceptual and categori- cal apparatus used by military history in describing the process of armed struggle. Th e histori- cal and systematic method, as well as the methods of analysis and synthesis, are used. The scientifi c novelty lies in an attempt to systematically study the history of the participation of the combat reserves of the Border Guard Service in the hostilities conducted by the Ukrainian Defense Forces in the Luhansk and Donetsk regions in the spring and summer of 2014 during the counteraction to Russian aggression. Conclusions. The combat reserves of the State Border Guard Service were formed as freelance units with the main goal of strengthening the border guard units that guarded the Ukrainian-Russian state border in the eastern regions of Ukraine. Their service and combat activities in the spring and summer of 2014 can be divided into two stages, each of which diff ered in the socio-political situation and the intensity of hostilities. As the hostilities clearly demonstrated, due to the lack of regular missile and artillery weapons and the necessary amount of armored vehicles, the border guards’ combat reserves were able to fi ght only sabotage and reconnaissance groups and some illegal armed groups of local pro-Russian collabo- rators. As for confronting the regular units of the Russian armed forces by conducting full-scale combat operations against them, the border guards were predictably unprepared.
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Korolev, V. M., V. V. Kryvtsun, and O. V. Ageev. "PARTIAL METHODOLOGY FOR COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF DEMINING KITS PARAMETERS." Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, no. 79 (2023): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-481x/2023/79-03.
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Mine weapons, as one of the most affordable means of destroying personnel and weapons and military equipment, are increasingly used in modern military conflicts, which has brought to the fore the issue of maintaining the combat capabilities of troops (forces) in the conditions of "mine warfare". Due to the aggression of the Russian Federation, Ukraine has become the most explosive contaminated country in the world today. During combat operations, one of the most difficult tasks of supporting the troops is to reconnoiter the area for explosive devices, demine the area and make passages in the enemy minefields during the offensive, and in the absence of such, to perform humanitarian demining. To accomplish these tasks, the organizational and staffing structure of the engineer troops provides for appropriate units equipped with both equipment and hand-held reconnaissance and demining kits. However, the reconnaissance and demining kits are currently outdated, inefficient, and do not meet the requirements for performing this type of task. At the same time, due to the obsolescence and unsatisfactory condition of reconnaissance and mechanization of making passages in minefields, the manual method remains the main one, which is extremely dangerous and leads to personnel losses. Given this state of affairs, namely that the manual method of reconnaissance and demining is the main one, the issue of improving (developing) new manual reconnaissance and demining kits has become acute. During the development (improvement) of RCs, one of the fundamental issues is to determine the significance of their parameters. The article presents a partial methodology for comparative evaluation of the parameters of demining kits using the method of expert assessments. The proposed partial methodologyallows determining the weighting coefficients of certain parameters of demining kits. Based on the theoretical provisions presented in the study, an algorithm for processing the results of the expert survey. Finally, the numerical values of the weighting coefficients of the parameters of demining kits are obtained and the direction of further research is formulated.
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Krivtsun, V., V. Lyashenko, and V. Kuznecov. "ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE PROCESS OF DEMINING THE TERRITORY CONTAMINATED BY EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 14, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.14.2022.08.
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The experience of conducting military operations in modern military conflicts has shown that one of their dangerous consequences is the contamination of territories with explosive objects which pose a threat to both the military and the civilian population. At the same time, one of the main problematic issues is the significant excess of the rate of mine weapons development in comparison with the rate’s development of mine countermeasures. Ukraine, due to the full- scale aggression of the Russian Federation is no exception, as it has found itself among the countries that are the most contaminated by explosive objects in the world that in its turn requires a large amount of time, forces and means for reconnaissance and demining of territories. At the same time the enemy uses the entire range of mine weapons available to him despite the prohibition of using some of their types by international conventions. In addition to mine weapons, unexploded ordnance poses a great danger. In order to carry out combat tasks related to the reconnaissance of the area for the presence of mines and the development of passages in minefields, clearance units are created from among servicemen of the engineering forces which are equipped with reconnaissance and demining kits. Demining teams from other ministries and agencies are created in addition to servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to clear territories of explosive objects under conditions of the absence enemy’s fire. The effectiveness of the above-mentioned tasks will largely depend on a number of external and internal factors.
The article analyzes the main factors that affect the task effectiveness in reconnaissance of the area for the presence of explosive objects and demining as well as the creation and functioning of the remote-controlled demining system.
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Kulinok, S. V. "The use of German intelligence and sabotage agents on the eve and during Nazi punitive operations period on occupied territory of Belarus in 1942–1944." Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Society. History. Modernity 6, no. 2 (2021): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2542-0488-2021-6-2-49-55.
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In the study based on unpublished sources, for the first time in Russian-language historiography, the process of sending German agents to collect intelligence and commit acts of sabotage during Nazi punitive operations against partisans and civilians in 1942–1944 is considered on the occupied territory of the BSSR. The purpose of the work is to investigate the mechanism of sending and the effectiveness of the work of German agents in partisan formations, which has not received due reflection in the studies. The methodological basis of the study is formed by the principle of consistency, value and anthropological approaches. The author comes to the conclusion that the Nazis carefully thought out the approach of using reconnaissance and sabotage agents, in connection with which, in the combat activities of partisan formations, counterintelligence work is a particular
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Maksimov, Konstantin. "Reconnaissance and Sabotage Plans of Special Agencies of Nazi Germany in Kalmykia During the Great Patriotic War." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 1 (February 2019): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2019.1.9.
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Introduction. On the basis of new resources, the article examines the actions of the Nazi agencies which inculcated sabotage groups of betrayers and experienced German agents on the Ju-290 of the Luftwaffe in 1943-1944 in the Kalmyk steppe. The main purpose of the German operations was to conduct reconnaissance and sabotage actions in the rear of the red army to cause the uprising of the population of Kalmykia. Methods and materials. Scientific, popular science publications that have appeared in recent years and documents introduced into scientific circulation cover only the general picture and fragmentary episodes of special operations of secret Luftwaffe units. The main source base of the article consists of unpublished documents identified by the author in the funds of the State Archives of the Russian Federation. These are documents about the results of the interrogations of some of the leaders of the fascist special services, certificates, reports, cases of various Soviet special services and officials addressed to the leaders of the highest party, state bodies, the NKVD of the USSR. These documents are devoted to the results of the fight against banditry in the country, with desertion, evasion of service. Analysis and results. The Abwehr group (Otto Verba’s103 officers with the agent name - the doctor Doll) having the false information about the readiness of the rebels for uprising planned to raise a rebellion of the Kalmyk population. In this connection, the German special services planned a special operation under the code name Salzsee (‘Salt lake’). In October 1943 and May 1944 the Germans using the newest Junkers landed prepared saboteurs groups of collaborators and experienced scouts in the central part of the Kalmyk steppe. Some of the crews of aircraft and saboteurs were destroyed by the chekists, captured scouts agreed to cooperate with the SMERSH and to participate in the radio game. As a result, due to the radio game Aryans held by the Soviet intelligence, the Abwehr group intentions had completely failed. The Germans lost two new Ju-290 aircrafts with crew members and experienced scouts. During the operation Dr. Doll secretly disappeared and after the war found himself in the Eastern part of Germany.
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Bengert, A. A., M. V. Vinokur, D. A. Yezhov, and S. I. Bidenko. "Arctic digital airmobile cyberphysical platforms technologies." Arctic and Innovations 1, no. 1 (December 23, 2023): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21443/3034-1434-2023-1-1-41-50.
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This article is aimed at characterizing the physical-geographical and socio-geographical conditions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The necessity and possibility of using unmanned vehicles to support activity in the Arctic are demonstrated. The cyber capability of the Arctic zone is determined in terms of observability, controllability, and security criteria. The characteristics of unmanned vehicles used in Arctic operations are given. General principles for the formation of singleand group airmobile intelligent platforms are formulated. Digital technologies and methods for using unmanned airborne platforms are described in the context of typical piloting episodes and tasks, situation analysis in a given area, ice reconnaissance, provision of communication networks in poorly equipped water areas, navigation systems support, etc. The limitations of using airmobile unmanned technologies in Arctic conditions are outlined.
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Pavlov, Andrey. "Fleet Support to the Army Offensive on the Caucasus Front in 1916." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no. 5 (2023): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640028071-6.
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At the beginning of 1916, the Caucasus was the only theatre of operations of the Great War from which good news for the Entente were coming. The Russian Caucasus Army successfully advanced on Erzurum and captured this Turkish fortress in early February. In February 1916, the forces of the Russian Caucasus Army’s right flank group started an offensive along the southern coast of the Black Sea. It soon became clear that the main factor of its success will be naval support. Mountainous territory and the absence of roads made the Army entirely dependent on the Russian Navy. It provided the land forces with artillery support, logistics, communication and reconnaissance. Even tactical maneuvers were not possible without the Navy: the only way to envelop a Turkish defensive line was to land troops in its’ rear. The Russian Black Sea Fleet managed to establish an effective system of communication and coordination with the advancing army units, helping them reach their goals. This is one of not well-known examples of the dominant role of naval support in the success of the army offensive. In this article, the author examines the scope and forms of interaction between the Army and the Navy in order to demonstrate how the warfare conditions could force to overcome traditional mistrust and misunderstanding of the two Services.
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Borovyk, M. O. "Countering hostile sabotage and reconnaissance groups by the National Police of Ukraine units in the context of martial law." Law and Safety 92, no. 1 (March 29, 2024): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/pb.2024.1.14.
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The article is devoted to the study of ways to improve the tactical and special readiness of police officers to counteract sabotage and reconnaissance groups in the border areas and in the areas of active hostilities. The author identifies additional powers of the police under the martial law regime, including the following: conducting joint operations against sabotage and reconnaissance forces of the aggressor (enemy) and paramilitary or armed groups which are not regulated by the laws of Ukraine.
To address the objectives of the study, the analysis of the sources of international and national law providing for the use of sabotage and reconnaissance groups by the parties to the conflict is carried out, the essence and hierarchical structure of these groups are revealed, and the objects against which the use of sabotage measures is prohibited are identified. The article also provides a list of objects of the warring parties which, according to international humanitarian law, may be subject to damage.
The organisational features of the basics for defensive combat by the units of the ground forces of certain countries, in particular, the Federal Republic of Germany and the United States of America, are considered. According to the military doctrine of these countries, the purpose of defence is to disrupt the enemy’s offensive actions, inflict maximum losses in manpower and equipment, and gain time to concentrate forces in the chosen direction for the offensive.
The article describes the signs that can be used to identify members of Russian sabotage and reconnaissance groups. These signs are the following: the execution of certain actions, including conducting intelligence activities, destabilising the situation by committing criminal offences (explosions, murders, assaults, robberies) under the guise of domestic crimes, spreading false information and discrediting the authorities during direct communication with the local population.
The tactical methods of combating sabotage and reconnaissance groups in the territory of the controlled border area are highlighted. The experience of counter-sabotage measures by the security and defence forces of Ukraine, one of the elements of which is an ambush, is studied.
A model of sabotage protection and its use in the educational process of higher education institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is proposed, which provides for a comprehensive combination of command and staff exercises with tactical and special exercises in two stages and involvement of cadets in ensuring public safety and order in border settlements.
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Korolev, V. M., V. I. Kryvtsun, and O. V. Ageev. "A FORMALIZED DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS OF THROWING AN ELEMENT THAT TRAPS TENSION SENSORS OF AN EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE TARGET." Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, no. 78 (2023): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-481x/2023/78-06.
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As a result of the aggression of the Russian Federation in 2014, as well as the large-scale invasion in February 2022, Ukraine became the most explosive contaminated country in the world. The relevance of the issue of reconnaissance and demining of the area from explosive devices both during and in the absence of combat operations has increased many times over. The experience of war shows that the enemy, despite international conventions banning certain types of mine weapons, uses its entire arsenal of mines and improvised explosive devices, which are often set to be unremovable. The most widespread and dangerous IEDs during the war were those with tensioned target sensors (tripwires).Due to the moral and physical obsolescence of reconnaissance and demining equipment in the units of the Armed Forces and the SES of Ukraine, manual reconnaissance and demining is the main method of reconnaissance and demining, which poses a great danger to sappers. To reduce the risk to the personnel of demining groups and pyrotechnic units, it is proposed to use a mechanical means of trawling for UXOs with tension target sensors. Based on the analysis of existing approaches to modeling demining processes, in particular the use of means for trawling tension sensors of explosive objects, a formalized description of the throwing of the element that trawls the tension sensors of the target is proposed, which, unlike the existing ones, takes into account the increase in the specific mass of the trawling means (a combination of the trawling element and the cable) during the flight. One of the most difficult issues in modeling is to determine the dependence of the flight parameters of the trawling element on the dynamics of the mass gain of the cable (cord). The kinematic parameters of the trawling element under study are: angle of departure, range, height, time, and flight speed. The proposed improvements to the mathematical model and the sequence of calculations will improve the accuracy of the results of modeling the process of trawling the tension sensors of an explosive target when substantiating the requirements for this type of demining equipment.
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Kotsiuruba, V. І., V. І. Krivtsun, O. V. Miroshnichenko, and L. V. Solodeeva. "PROBLEM FORMULATION OF THE CREATION OF PROSPECTIVE REMOTE-CONTROLLED DEMINING COMPLEXES ON THE BASE OF THE RESULTS ANALYSIS OF COMBAT OPERATIONS IN UKRAINE." Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, no. 76 (2022): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-481x/2022/76-02.
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The experience of conducting combat operations in modern military conflicts has shown that one of their dangerous consequences is the territory contamination with explosive objects, which pose a threat to both the military and the civilian population. At the same time, one of the main problems is the significant development rate excess of mine weapons compared to the development rate of mine countermeasures. Ukraine is not exception, which, due to the full-scale aggression of the Russian Federation, found itself among the most contaminated countries by explosive objects in the world, which in turn requires a large amount of time, forces and means for reconnaissance and demining of territories. The analysis of the explosive objects use in the Russian Federation war against Ukraine shows the enemy use of all available mine weapons, including prohibited by international conventions. A characteristic feature of the enemy mining of terrain is the wide use of remote mining systems, random mining, new mining methods and the installation of explosive objects in an uncooperative state. The analysis of the available demining means in the Ukrainian Armed Forces engineering units shows their obsolescence and low efficiency, as well as the absence of remote-controlled demining complexes. At the same time, the main method of performing demining tasks both in the combat operations conditions and in their absence is manual, which poses a great danger to sappers. Therefore, the creation of remote-controlled demining complexes is an urgent task.The specified problem is proposed to solve through the development of new operation principles of promising remote-controlled demining complexes, the justification of possible options for use the standard portable means of explosive objects search on remote-controlled mobile platforms according to the concept “Front-line Sapper”, the requirements justification for the structure and parameters of the specified complexes and the idea implementation of creating a database of technical images of known explosive objects on the basis of obtained experimental data on selected indicators (amplitude, period and signal frequency). The article, based on the posed scientific problem formalization using a theoretical-multiple approach, provides a functioning model of a promising remote-controlled demining complex, taking into account the experience of the enemy explosive objects use during the Russian Federation war against Ukraine, the means characteristics of their search and destruction.
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Khodorov, Oleg Igorevich. "The Events of the 1877 Campaign on the Territory of Greater Sochi: One Little-Known Page from the Russian-Turkish War of 1877-1878." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 1 (January 2020): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2020.1.31811.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of this research is the military operations during the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878 on the territory of Sochi's Black Sea coast, in particular: the repulsion of Turkish landings near Adler and Sochi; the local military clashes during reconnaissance missions of ungoverned territory south of the river Kherota in the Sochi department; the relationship between the administration of the department and the mountain population of the Kichmay and Krasno-Aleksandrovsky aulys; the issues of the evacuation of the civilian population and the damage of civilian private property by the rebel Abkhazian population, soldiers and Cossacks deployed on the territory of the department; and the impact of the war on the peaceful development of this Black Sea territory. The author used the traditional scientific principles of historicism and objectivity in this research, as well as the traditional methods of analysis and synthesis, the narrative method and the methods of concretization and generalization. This has made it possible to comprehensively study and analyze the source material and to identify causal relationships. A source analysis has allowed the author to conclude that although the war was notable for its small number of military clashes and casualties, the peaceful colonization of the new outskirts of the Russian Empire was temporarily interrupted. After this, it was revived with renewed vigor in the post-war period.
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Frolova, Marina. "On the question of the appointment of Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich (the Elder) as Commander-in-Chief of the Danube Army." Slavic Almanac 2023, no. 1-2 (2023): 44–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2023.1-2.1.03.
Full textAbstract:
The article highlights the issue of the appointment of Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich (the Elder) as Commander-in-Chief of the Danube Army by Emperor Alexander II on the eve of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 on the basis of published sources of both official and memoir nature, as well as some archival data. The myth created by Marxist historiography that the Grand Duke had a narrow outlook in military affairs, had neither combat experience nor experience in organizational work, was mediocre, incompetent, etc., is debunked. Meanwhile, Nikolai Nikolaevich received an excellent education, he was taught by the best specialists and professors of that era. He acquired his first practical knowledge of the war and experience as a military engineer in the Crimean War, during the defense of Sevastopol in 1854–1855. The subsequent activity of the Grand Duke in the field of army reform, primarily in engineering and cavalry service, convinces of his undoubted organizational abilities, deep knowledge, true state scope and innovation. He enjoyed great popularity among officers and soldiers of the Russian army, which was greatly facilitated by his character and attentive attitude to people. He knew the upcoming theater of military operations and the future enemy — the Turkish army, because he was able to combine a pilgrimage to the East and the Holy Land in 1872 with reconnaissance purposes. Alexander II, taking into account the totality of the merits of his younger brother, as well as being fully confident in his honest performance of duty, in 1876 appointed the Grand Duke as Commander-in-chief of the Danube Army. At that time, there was no personality equal to him or higher in his qualities as a military commander. The Grand Duke developed operations to force the Danube and the winter crossing of the Balkans and led Russian troops to Constantinople. He received the Field Marshal’s baton and became the 25th and last full knight of the Order of St. George in the history of the Russian Empire.
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Maksymenko, I. V., and V. V. Matuyzo. "US WITHDRAWAL FROM THE OPEN SKIES TREATY: CONSEQUENCES FOR INTERNATIONAL SECURITY AND STABILITY." International and Political Studies, no. 34 (October 21, 2021): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2707-5206.2021.34.237521.
Full textAbstract:
The arms control regime consists of several documents, and the United States of America and the Russian Federation as the State-Parties ensured the implementation and effectiveness of them mostly. However, the growing conflict between these States due to Russia's numerous violations of international law and obligations under international agreements has also harmed arms control. The withdrawal of both states from strategically important documents, which were tools for maintaining transparency and mutual control, is a result of the decline in trust and the lack of a constructive dialogue between Washington and Moscow. The Open Skies Treaty is one of these documents. The article examines the United States' reasons for the withdrawal from the Treaty and reveals the consequences of such a decision by the administration of President Trump. It is noted that the agreement, the idea of which belonged to the United States, was signed immediately after the end of the Cold War and was to help build trust and openness in the new environment. It is noted that the Treaty ensures international stability through the ability of each party to openly collect information on the armed forces, activities, and operations of another party through coordinated flights of reconnaissance aircraft over the territory of the member states. However, problems are gradually accumulating due to Russia's actions to restrict flight zones in violation of the provisions of the Open Sky Treaty, which has become especially acute since 2014. That made the United States think about the meaning of participating in an agreement where one of the parties violates its provisions. The authors outline the consequences of the U.S. decision to leave the agreement; in particular, the focus is on the reactions of the U.S. European partners and Ukraine. They also examined applications and countermeasures by Russia that has also announced its withdrawal from the agreement. Reflecting on the prospects for international security and arms control, the preconditions for the potential return of the United States and Russia to the Open Sky Treaty are outlined.
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KORABLEV, Yuriy Yurevich, Igor Yurevich PUGACHEV, Esedulla Mallaalievich OSMANOV, and Sergey Yurevich DUTOV. "INTEGRATION OF ACTIVITY CLUSTERS OF THE NAVY SPECIALISTS FOR THE UNIFICATION OF THEIR PHYSICAL TRAINING PROGRAMS." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 176 (2018): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2018-23-176-108-115.
Full textAbstract:
We analyze the content of components of The Navy of the Russian Federation as a type of the state armed forces. The methodological basis of this analysis was the interpretation of the concept of “content” in the context of the fact that it represents a set of elements that form the system of their interactions and the perspective changes caused by them. On the basis of the study of specialties of the Navy we produce a generalized integration of homogeneous types of professional activities of soldiers, based on the analysis of more than 300 heterogeneous names. It is specified that the Navy of the Russian Federation at the present stage of evolutionary development is a set of five relatively interrelated and mutually conditioned units: underwater forces and surface ships; flight-lifting structure of naval aviation; marines, combat swimmers, reconnaissance, sabotage and other special units; coastal anti-aircraft missile and artillery units; support services, radio engineering, communications, rear area, engineers and equipment, including naval aviation. The above-mentioned integration of the common structure of combat operations of specialists for the purpose is the basis for the development and availability of five appropriate utilized programs for physical training, since the physical readiness of military personnel is an integral part of the system of combat improvement of the fleet. Beyond the range of specialties we reveal the feasibility of separate sixth program of physical training for units of the Navy of the Russian Federation, involving, if necessary, to implement the peacekeeping functions in the areas of likely military action. The above approach of justification of the required optimal number of physical training programs on the management scale of fleet forces of the Russian Federation is for the first time applied in the theory and technique of physical training of the military personnel.
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Ivanov, Andrei Alexandrovich. "British Secret Services’ Political Agency and the Intelligence Intervention in the Russian North in 1918-1919." Конфликтология / nota bene, no. 3 (March 2023): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0617.2023.3.38904.
Full textAbstract:
In modern conditions the range of use of intelligence in politics is expanding. Today, experts single out intelligence operations as a separate kind of informational confrontation, on a par with the cybernetic and psychological struggle. In international conflicts, the goals are more and more often achieved not through direct military influence, but using alternative forms: sabotage, economic, diplomatic, etc. One of the widespread areas of secret services’ activity appears to be the interference into the development of the political systems of sovereign states. Thus, nowadays on a par with military interventions there are economic, diplomatic, ideological, intelligence, etc. interventions. This circumstance significantly complicates both the detection of foreign interventions and realization of countermeasures. It is especially difficult to solve these tasks in a situation of reconnaissance/intelligence intervention carried out by the secret services, whose activities are, as a rule, autonomous and entirely based on the use of unofficial methods and techniques, quite often associated with violation of the law. Moreover, as far as the choice of a interventional course by the government mostly depends on the information on the development of the situation provided by various departments, a misestimation is possible due to high level of bias in the work of intelligence-analytical services. In this perspective, studying the experience of past interventions largely reveals the most dangerous for the state forms of external interference. Account of this experience is a necessary condition for the formation of ability of society to resist disorganization and the crisis of statehood.
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Islam, Md Badrul. "Space and Counter-Space Activities of Great Powers in Outer Space." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 22, no. 2 (July 3, 2022): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2022-22-2-397-410.
Full textAbstract:
The article is dedicated to outer space as a space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, open for exploration and use by all. Celestial bodies are natural resources of the common heritage of humanity. Their exploration and use for the benefit and discovery of all countries is the result of the ownership of all mankind. However, since the end of the 20th century and especially in the 21st century, outer space has gradually become militarized. This is due to changes in the system of warfare, which is likely to be heavily transformed in the coming future. In this transformational system, all domains of warfare will be interlinked and outer space will play a significant role. One example of such processes is the Gulf War, also called the First Space War, in which the US Army successfully used the outer space systems for its Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) activities. Since then, outer space has become an integral part of US military operations. Consequently, other great powers like Russian Federation and People’s Republic of China are also trying to develop the same capability to counter US dominance in outer space. Simultaneously, the US is continuing its counter-space capabilities to maintain the dominance in outer space. The growing dependence on outer space is not only applicable to the military operation but also to commercial and civilian activities. As a result, great powers are more actively engaging in various space and counter-space activities to pursue their national interests; such activity turns outer space into an arena for inter-state rivalry.
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Shumigay, О., and O. Yermolenko. "CURRENT STATUS OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL ELECTRONIC WARFARE SYSTEMS. TRENDS AND ADVANCED DIRECTIONS OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки, no. 5 (December 22, 2020): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.5.2020.14.
Full textAbstract:
In the current context of warfighting electronic warfare is crucial for both sides of the conflict. Donetsk and Luhansk regions have become a kind of springboard for testing and application of multifunctional electronic warfare (EW) systems and platforms.
The urgency of creating multifunctional EW systems lies in the need to solve the problem of protection of troops, control points, armament and military equipment from UAV air reconnaissance, protection from weapons, as well as disorganization of enemy‟s command and control by jamming its radioelectronic means. The development and passing into service of modern highly effective multifunctional EW systems requires continuous monitoring of the current state of their development in the Armed Forces of advanced countries.
Developers from around the world present multifunctional EW systems annualy.
The newest means of EW of the Russian Federation are considered and their comparative analysis is carried out. Conclusions are made on the possibility of interdiction of their work in areas of operations. The directions of operational efficiency improvement of the Ukrainian EW systems are offered.
The analysis of trends in the development of EW and the latest command and control systems of the world's leading countries indicates the need to review traditional approaches to EW in the armed struggle of nowdays and the future. Therefore, the problem of bringing the state and level of development of EW to the requirements of the future wars is acute for the Armed Forces of Ukraine, taking into account the asymmetric and advanced nature of EW technology development in the world.
The urgency of the research lies in acquaintance with modern achievements and directions for the development of EW systems used by the enemy.
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Krivtsun, V., V. Kotsyruba, and V. Lyashenko. "METHODOLOGY FOR SELECTING A COMPLEX OF ELECTROMAGNETIC METHODS OF SEARCH AND DETECTION OF EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS FOR THE STRUCTURAL SYNTHESIS OF THE SEARCH DEVICE." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 20, no. 2 (July 4, 2024): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.20.2024.06.
Full textAbstract:
The war of the russian federation against Ukraine led to the fact that our country became the most mined in the world. At the same time, in the confrontation, a constantly growing role of mine weapons is observed, the share of which in the fire damage of the enemy is constantly increasing. Also, there is a significant imbalance between the development of mine weapons and means of detection, which in turn causes a number of problematic issues during demining. It is noted that Ukraine, in connection with the aggression of the russian federation, in addition to the problem of demining the territory contaminated with explosive objects, the issue of reconnaissance of the area for the presence of mines and making passages in the mine-explosive barriers of the enemy during offensive operations has become acute. The paper analyzes the process of demining, determines the factors influencing it, gives the main unmasking factors of explosive objects, as well as the execution of tasks for demining the area. Taking into account these features, theoretical approaches to the detection and identification of explosive objects, which are based on various physical principles, are considered. It is shown that one of the ways to increase the efficiency of search and identification of explosive objects is the integration of several methods in one search device. Based on the analysis of theoretical approaches to the detection of explosive objects, the work proposes a methodology for choosing a set of electromagnetic methods for detecting explosive objects, which should be used together in one search device for a guaranteed search during combat demining with a minimum given probability of detecting explosive objects. The five most common electromagnetic methods for searching for explosive objects were chosen for the study: induction, radio wave, radar, nonlinear radar and optical. The paper shows that in order to ensure a minimum guaranteed level of detection of explosive objects and increase the efficiency of the process of detecting explosive objects, it is sufficient to use two methods, in particular, induction and radar.
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Furmanov, Kostiantyn, Oleh Hutchenko, and Kateryna Hutchenko. "Methodological approach to determining the nomenclature of mobile assets for acomplishment the tasks of nuclear threat detection and assessment." Міжнародний науковий журнал «Military Science» 2, no. 1 (April 3, 2024): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.62524/msj.2024.2.1.10.
Full textAbstract:
The relevance of the article is due to the fact that in the context of countering largescale aggression, Ukraine's actions to de-occupy the captured territories and implementing its strategic course to join the European community and NATO, there are potential threats from the russian federation. Continuing its hostile rhetoric, terrorising Ukraine with missile strikes, the russian leadership threatens to use nuclear weapons, which poses the highest level of danger and can lead tolarge-scale radiation contamination (Lessons of the russian-Ukrainian war 2022: military aspects, 2022). Taking into consideration this state of the security environment, it is necessary to respond effectively to nuclear threats and ensure reliable protection of troops, which, in their turn, should be ready to act in radiation contamination conditions. This requires the Armed Forces of Ukraine to effectively train military units of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence capable of performing their assigned tasks and, in the further future, to be ready to detect and assess nuclear threats in joint actions (operations) with the units of NATO member states. All this requires solving problematic issues related to the nomenclature of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence equipment of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to ensure the required level of protection of troops. Especially challenging tasks in the current environment are the detection and assessment of the chemical, biological and radiological situation of the movement routes and areas of troops' concentration, the covering of troops and facilities of the Armed Forces of Ukraine from reconnaissance and destruction by modern precision weapons, and the liquidation of the chemical, biological and radiological contamination consequences. To a large extent, the maximum reduction of troop losses during actions in conditions of chemical, biological and radiological contamination is ensured by the application of existing and prospective assets of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence However, it is impossible to make reasonable decisions on the nomenclature of mobile chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence equipment without determining the amount of losses of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence equipment during the conduct of tasks in the operations of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in accordance with the trends in the development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, forms and methods of warfare, and assets of combat actions. To solve this problematic issue, we propose a methodological approach to determining the nomenclature on the example of mobile assets to fulfil the scope of tasks for detecting and assessing nuclear threats. The methodological approach will allow to formulate substantiated practical recommendations regarding the procedure for determining the nomenclature of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear protection assets. The article presents the nomenclature of nuclear threat detection and assessment, which depends on the scope of detection and assessment tasks and the capabilities of assets used to accomplish these tasks. The materials of the article may be useful for officials of military command and control bodies involved in planning chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) defence during combat actions.
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Skyba, O., S. Briankin, M. Zaiats, D. Rybachok, and O. Briankin. "SCOPE AND CONDITIONS OF TESTING OF REMOTELY CONTROLLED MINEFIELD EQUIPMENT, THE FUNCTIONING OF WHICH IS BASED ON WIRED COMMUNICATION MEANS." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 20, no. 2 (July 4, 2024): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.20.2024.13.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to approaches to testing the equipment of remotely controlled minefields that function on wired means of communication. The proposed views are based on the actual conditions of using remote-controlled minefields when they build mine-explosive barriers to deter the offensive and actions of sabotage and reconnaissance groups of the enemy. Also, the proposed scope and conditions of inspections are based on the provisions of current regulatory and technical documents in the field of testing. At the same time, the existing classification of weapons and military equipment by groups of equipment in accordance with the requirements of current state standards is taken into account. The proposals made by the authors of this article are also based on many years of practical experience in the testing activities of the State Research Institute for Testing and Certification of Weapons and Military Equipment. In order to test the equipment of remotely controlled minefields and further evaluate the obtained results, it is proposed to classify their main characteristics into the following five categories: functional suitability, reliability, mobility, stability, and convenience and ease of use. It is proposed to check each of the characteristics through its specific indicators. The research of the properties of remote-controlled minefield equipment is carried out in accordance with the actual conditions under which they will be used in the military units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other components of the Defense Forces of Ukraine to set mine-explosive barriers during the russian- ukrainian war. The implementation of the approaches proposed in this article will allow more qualitative and comprehensive testing and evaluation of the equipment of remotely controlled minefields. This will make it possible to provide military units and units with high-quality equipment for the creation of an echeloned system of mine-explosive barriers, which will deter the advance of russian troops and provide conditions for conducting special operations by its troops. The given proposals refer to the typical equipment composition of remotely controlled minefields and can be refined taking into account the characteristics of the samples that are planned to be tested.
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Dzhezhulei, O., and Yu Husliakov. "PECULIARITIES OF REPLENISHMENT OF SUPPLIES OF MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL MEANS IN TROOPS (FORCES), IN OPERATIONS IN THE ARMIES OF NATO MEMBER COUNTRIES AND THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 18, no. 4 (December 1, 2023): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.18.2023.03.
Full textAbstract:
The task of replenishing troops (forces) with material and technical means instead of spent and lost ones due to increasing the efficiency of the use of forces and means of material and technical support (supply of material and technical means) in the modern conditions of the russian federation – the Ukrainian war is becoming more and more acute. It was determined that not all problematic issues regarding the effective use of forces and means of logistical support in the process of equipping troops (forces) with material and technical means have been sufficiently resolved.
The main features of equipping material and technical means in troops (forces) in operations in the armies of NATO member countries are analyzed based on the experience of local wars and armed conflicts, and the relevance of this problem in partner countries is determined.
In order to solve these problems, the main shortcomings in the process of replenishment of troops (forces) with material and technical means instead of those spent and lost in the conditions of combat operations in the Armed Forces of Ukraine have been identified.
It has been investigated that the insufficient effectiveness of the use of forces and means of logistical support (providing with material and technical means) and their great vulnerability to the enemy’s firepower due to the unsuccessful choice of deployment areas (places) requires an immediate solution based on the construction of an effective system of material and technical support, which is capable of timely fully satisfy the needs of troops (forces) in spent material and technical means and provide for the creation of an extensive system of protected bases for their storage to ensure their survivability, taking into account the influence of modern means of reconnaissance and defeating the enemy.
On the basis of the analysis of the peculiarities of the process of replenishment of troops (forces) with material and technical means instead of spent and lost ones, a conclusion was made regarding the need to substantiate the basic standards of the use of forces and means of logistical support (provision with material and technical means) and to determine the areas of their deployment (location) in further studies.
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Butov, Ilya S. "Evidence of unidentified «aeroplanes» in Viciebsk guberniya in 1914–1915: a look through the prism of the era." Journal of the Belarusian State University. History, no. 3 (July 15, 2020): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2020-3-23-33.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the Belarusian anti-aeroplane campaign of 1914–1915, i. e. to counteract the speculation that rapidly spread across the provinces about the appearance of enemy aeroplanes and airships behind the front line. Documents and materials from the National Historical Archive of Belarus, State Archive of Russian Federation and State Archive of Pskov Region funds concerning the verification of reports about aeroplanes in the Viciebsk guberniya are reviewed and analyzed. It is noted that the mass appearance of rumors about airplanes took place in the Viciebsk guberniya in several stages: at first, according to the descriptions of eyewitnesses, they were only a shapeless flying mass, and later information about them became more specific and even reports about their descent were checked. All this led to a serious problem – under the influence of panic, cases of superstitious soldiers firing at their own planes became more frequent, which could directly affect the course of military operations, in particular, the supply of advanced weapons and the latest intelligence. It is also important to consider the impact of the issue on the rear, which resulted primarily in the population fanning rumors directed against rich landowners, and the growth of social tension as a result. It is shown that the local anti-aeroplane campaign had a Baltic and Pskov «scurf», naturally complementing the actions of local authorities and the population. It is concluded that most of the reports from the Viciebsk guberniya and its borders, cited in the documents, do not describe observations of real combat or reconnaissance aircraft of the enemy, but only give an incorrect interpretation by eyewitnesses of any natural or astronomical phenomena as well as your own aeroplanes that occurred due to phobic images of new equipment in the eyes of the local population, reinforced by military hysteria and militaristic psychosis.
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Borovkov, Dmitrii. "The battles of the 108th Tank Division near Trubchevsk in the memoirs of M. T. Kalashnikov and other narrative sources." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 1 (January 2024): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2024.1.69204.
Full textAbstract:
The work is devoted to the study of narrative sources about the battles of the 108th tank division of the Red Army west of Trubchevsk on August 30 – 31, 1941. Central attention is paid to the memoirs of the famous Russian weapons designer M. T. Kalashnikov, who took part in this battle as part of the 216th tank regiment. In the work, fragments of M. T. Kalashnikov's memoirs, as well as memories of other participants in the events, on the one hand, and documentary sources, on the other, are subjected to comparative analysis. For example, among the documentary evidence one can name the log of combat operations of the 108th tank division, reports of its headquarters from September 4 and 6, 1941. Among the narrative evidence, the most important are the memoirs of L. G. Katz, an ordinary tankman of the 216th tank regiment, and the future general of tank forces, Soviet Union Hero I. N. Shkadov, in 1941 – chief of reconnaissance of the regiment. In addition, a number of memories of front-line correspondents are used. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite the fact that from a chronological point of view, M. T. Kalashnikov’s memoirs are completely unreliable, in detail they quite accurately reflect the reconstructed events of August 30-31. In particular, almost any specific combat episode of these memoirs can be compared with any specific message in the documents. In addition, the designer’s memories practically do not contradict the memoirs of other participants in the events. Moreover, as the experience of comparing narrative monuments has shown, M. T. Kalashnikov’s memoirs are the most voluminous and detailed among them. It should be recognized that no scientific reconstruction of the battles of the 108th Panzer Division is possible without taking into account this monument.
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Ivanov, Vyacheslav A. "The Struggle of Soviet Prisoners of War Against the Nazi Occupiers of Sevastopol in 1943–1944." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v317.
Full textAbstract:
The paper deals with one of the little-studied issues in the history of the resistance movement during the Great Patriotic War, namely, the participation of Soviet prisoners of war in the anti-fascist struggle in the ranks of the Communist underground organization in occupied Sevastopol in 1943–1944. The purpose of this article was to study the formation and structure of the aforementioned organization, as well as the involvement in the antifascist struggle of Soviet prisoners of war, and to identify the effect of their activities on the general course of the anti-Hitler struggle in occupied Crimea. The objects of the research are the underground group headed by Nikolai Ignatyevich Tereshchenko (pseudonym Mikhailov), which was part of the Communist underground organization, and the places where it carried out its anti-fascist operations: camps for Soviet prisoners of war around Sevastopol and in the city itself, especially after Tereshchenko’s escape from German captivity. The study was performed within the framework of the large-scale All-Russian educational project “Without Statute of Limitations” aimed at preserving historical memory. Along with providing insights into the tragedy of the civilian population of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War, the paper highlights the heroic deeds of the anti-fascist resistance movement in the temporarily occupied territory of the Soviet Union and demonstrates the contribution of individuals and groups to the defeat of Nazi Germany and its satellites. The author used documents that were declassified in the course of this project by the Federal Security Service Office for the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol and transferred to the Sevastopol Archives. The analysis revealed a significant feature of the Sevastopol underground: prisoners of war were one of the most important components of the Communist underground organization, performing risky and dangerous tasks deep behind enemy lines. According to the plan, in the event of a Black Sea Fleet landing, it was the prisoners of war who were supposed to be the striking force and spark an armed uprising in the occupied city. Consequently, it is concluded that Soviet prisoners of war were one of the combat weapons teams of the Sevastopol underground movement, which carried out various operations: reconnaissance, agitation and propaganda, as well as sabotage and subversion deep behind enemy lines.
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Hurin, I., and L. Matvieiev. "MULTI-AGENT MODEL OF GROUP CONTROL POINT OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT AND UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE WHEN PERFORMING SPECIAL MISSIONS." Випробування та сертифікація, no. 1(1) (September 12, 2023): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/ts.01.2023.05.
Full textAbstract:
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are becoming very important platforms for conducting combat operations in the russian-ukrainian war, as they significantly reduce the risk of human life during special and combat missions. The UAV group can be used to perform a wide range of military tasks: destruction of enemy equipment, reconnaissance (monitoring) of the area, construction of aerial networks, etc.
In the conditions of a change in the tactical situation, countermeasures by the enemy, effective management of the UAV group is impossible without an appropriate management system. The UAV group can include both unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned ground vehicles (UAVs). The following main tasks are assigned to the management system: determination and coordination of the order of joint actions of autonomous UAV groups; formation of flight (ground) tasks and flight (movement) trajectories of the UAV group; dynamic adjustment of the flight task and the role of each UAV during its use; organization of the communication network between the control center and between UAV groups, etc. The tasks and target functions of management of each of their subsystems are determined. The features of the UAV group control cycle are described.
The main stages of the synthesis of the control system are considered: the choice of the control method (centralized, hierarchical, decentralized and mixed); selection of algorithms (protocols) and organization of the process of data exchange between UAVs. A functional model of the UAV group management system is proposed. Tasks and main management functions of each of the subsystems are defined. Features of the UAV group management cycle are described. The main stages of the synthesis of the control system are considered: the selection of algorithms (protocols) and the organized process of information exchange between UAVs; variants of formation and swarm models of UAV movement in groups; multi-agent decision-making models for the organization of task performance by the UAV group.
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ILNYTSKYI, Vasyl, and Yaroslav ANTONIUK. "URBAN FIGHTERS OF THE OUN SECURITY SERVICE (1941–1951): CREATION AND ACTIVITY." Contemporary era 11 (2023): 175–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/nd.2023-11-175-194.
Full textAbstract:
On the basis of unknown and little-known materials, the peculiarities of the functioning of the urban armed forces of the SB have been revealed. It has been established that in many areas covered by the OUN network, the first began to be created in the fall of 1941 as a means of force against local wires against German and Soviet agents. The main tasks that were set before them in the first years of activity (reconnaissance, occasionally sabotage and terrorist operations) are highlighted. It was noted that with the approach of the front and in the conditions of the Soviet reality, the actions of the SB in the cities became more active, and the tasks expanded. Separately, attention is focused on one of the most important directions of the combat work of the SB in cities - the liquidation of Soviet assets. Isolated attempts to carry out mass terrorist attacks against party offi cials and detonation of administrative facilities are presented. The peculiarities of the preparation and implementation of the main armed actions (selection of executors, stages of preparation, direct execution) are revealed. Concrete examples show the effectiveness of such armed forces. At the same time, the activities of each of them became a practical demonstration of the inability of the MGB–MIA to protect their supporters. Territorial features of the functioning of the SB urban militias are shown (the size of the settlement, the number of Ukrainians, their national consciousness, the development of the local OUN network, etc.).It was found out that in 1946, the urban organizations of the OUN began to be liquidated, although the combat work of the SB itself intensified, and in important cities special combat units continued to exist for actions. Emphasis is placed on the practical importance of studying this issue in the context of the modern Russian-Ukrainian war and the enemy’s occupation of a significant territory of Ukraine in order to fi nd different forms of struggle against the occupiers and collaborators. Keywords OUN, SB, urban fighters, Western Ukraine.
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Naumenko, Igor, Muhaylo Mokrotsky, and Roman Shostak. "Improved method of assessing the combat capabilities of the artillery of the mechanism brigade." Military Technical Collection, no. 29 (December 28, 2023): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.29.2023.60-64.
Full textAbstract:
The experience of repelling and deterring the armed aggression of the Russian Federation indicates the need to carry out a significant amount of joint fire support tasks for combined military units and units. This, in turn, indicates the growing requirements for the implementation of the combat capabilities of artillery units to perform the volume of fire support tasks in the battle of the mechanized brigade.
The conducted analysis of the conduct of artillery combat operations in the battle of the mechanized brigade indicates that the tasks associated with the need to increase the level of realization of the potential combat capabilities of the artillery and bring them into line with the volume of fire missions that can rely on it are problematic and relevant today in the battle of the mechanized brigade.
In order to solve these tasks, there is an urgent need to use modern approaches to assessing the combat capabilities of artillery units, which would take into account the changes that have occurred in the tactics of actions, the spatial and temporal parameters of the conduct of artillery combat operations, the effects of damage and allow better planning of fire support by artillery in battle mechanized brigade. According to these requirements, the assessment of the combat capabilities of artillery should become an important component of planning the combined fire support in the battle of the mechanized brigade.
Therefore, there is an urgent task regarding the improvement of the methodology for assessing the combat capabilities of the artillery of a mechanized brigade, the use of which will make it possible to bring the combat load of artillery units into compliance with the volume of firing tasks of artillery in the battle of a mechanized brigade, taking into account modern requirements, conditions and time constraints for their execution.
The improved method of assessing the combat capabilities of the artillery of the mechanized brigade, unlike the existing methods and approaches, takes into account such a set of conditions and factors that allow predicting the effectiveness of the tasks of artillery units of different purposes and properties (differently effective fire means). To take into account the combined effect of fire, reconnaissance, maneuver, support and management and communication capabilities of artillery units based on the number of combat cycles of their actions. It is expedient to calculate the possibilities for carrying out a certain amount of firing tasks with the allocated resource of ammunition of various types under established spatial and temporal time limits and probable enemy countermeasures.
Based on the results of the comparison of the defined volume of fire tasks and the number of combat cycles, it is possible to make a final calculation of the possible combat load of each artillery unit from fire support per day of battle during the planning of fire support by artillery in the battle of a mechanized brigade.
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Vasilkovsky, E. V., A. V. Dikun, and I. G. Vasyukevich. "Sources of Ionizing Radiation Used in Modern and Advanced NBC Reconnaissance Devices (Lecture)." Journal of NBC Protection Corps 6, no. 3 (May 18, 2022): 282–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35825/2587-5728-2022-6-3-282-294.
Full textAbstract:
The lecture is intended to prepare students studying under an additional professional advanced training program for military specialists in radiation safety for all branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as to train officials responsible for organizing and ensuring radiation safety in military units and organizations of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The lecture addresses three educational questions: 1. Accounting and control of radiation sources in the system of state accounting and control of radioactive substances and radioactive waste. 2. General requirements for the operation of radiation sources. 3. Operation of sealed radionuclide sources as part of the technical means of the RCB for intelligence and control.
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Golovko, V. A., M. Leppäranta, S. Kalliosaari, YU S. Sedunov, and A. M. Volkov. "Ice charting based on multispectral satellite data in the Baltic Sea." Annals of Glaciology 19 (1994): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1994aog19-1-121-125.
Full textAbstract:
Results are presented from an experiment concerning operational space-borne ice charting based on the Russian Ocean and Resource satellite systems. The surface truth consisted of routine operational data, helicopter-borne reconnaissance, and some ground measurements. Examples of the satellite imagery are given and identification of ice types is described. Cluster-analysis has been used for automatic image segmentation. The potential of these satellites in operational ice charting is discussed. A 160 m resolution optical scanner and a 2 km resolution radar are found to be very useful complements to the present routine system.
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Golovko, V. A., M. Leppäranta, S. Kalliosaari, YU S. Sedunov, and A. M. Volkov. "Ice charting based on multispectral satellite data in the Baltic Sea." Annals of Glaciology 19 (1994): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500011083.
Full textAbstract:
Results are presented from an experiment concerning operational space-borne ice charting based on the Russian Ocean and Resource satellite systems. The surface truth consisted of routine operational data, helicopter-borne reconnaissance, and some ground measurements. Examples of the satellite imagery are given and identification of ice types is described. Cluster-analysis has been used for automatic image segmentation. The potential of these satellites in operational ice charting is discussed. A 160 m resolution optical scanner and a 2 km resolution radar are found to be very useful complements to the present routine system.
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Kulyk, T. "JOINT INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE AND RECONNAISSANCE AS A PRIORITY AREA OF NATO TRANSFORMATION." Bulletin of Mariupol State University Series History Political Studies 13, no. 35-36 (2023): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2830-2023-13-35-36-100-110.
Full textAbstract:
Russia's horrific war against Ukraine has radically changed international security. NATO will need to continue bolstering its Deterrence and Defence Posture, which is essential to ensuring the collective defense of Allies and to continue investing in crisis management and cooperative security while adapting these tasks to meet its changing security needs and globally integrated hybrid environment. The Alliance should pay a strong emphasis on retaining and strengthening technological edge, in particular, improving strategic forecasting and situational awareness, the ability to understanding, monitoring and prediction the actions of potential adversaries using means of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance based on comprehensive agreements in this sphere. The purpose of the study is to analyze the development, improvement and application experience of NATO's Joint Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (JISR) as a priority area of the Alliance's transformation in terms of improving capabilities, as well as the significance for future operations and the decision-making process There were determined definitions, content, main components and means of the system of NATO's Joint Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance. Conceptual and doctrinal documents for the implementation of NATO's obligations in this area have been studied. The security conditions, the process of formation based on experience and best practices, vulnerabilities and key areas of the system, which combines the potential of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance based on phased approach were analysed. There were considered the projects that provide gather of data and information, which JISR brings together, such as NATO’s Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS) system, NATO Airborne Warning & Control System (AWACS) surveillance aircraft and national JISR assets from the space, air, land and maritime domains/ Highlighted are the key aspects of the process of interpretation and analysis of information, requirements for the professional level of experts and the importance of the final product for the decision-making process. There were indicated further development and improvement of JISR capabilities in training and education, doctrine and procedures and networking environment spheres. Considered are methods to practice and evaluate technical and operational concepts for conducting NATO`s Joint Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance. An overview of the possibilities of applying Ukrainian innovative developments tested in combat conditions in terms of situational awareness as well as Ukraine's cooperation with NATO in this field was made. The result of the research is conclusions on the development and improvement of JISR capability to facilitate rapid decision-making in several main areas, including the Readiness Action Plan, enhanced Forward Presence, the hybrid warfare strategy, and the overall Deterrence and Defence Posture. Keywords: NATO, intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, situational awareness, NATO Ground Surveillance System, Airborne Early Warning and Control System, Deterrence and Defence Posture, enhanced Forward Presence, decision-making process, operation and mission.
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Serkebaev, K. B. "Analysis of the combat use of artillery in a special military operation conducted by the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in Ukraine." Proceeding "Bulletin MILF" 51, no. 3 (September 15, 2022): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.56132/2791-3368.2022.3-49-02.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the action soft artillery of opposing partisans a special military operation car rerouting Ukraine by the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (RF Armed Forces). The analysis of publicly available information on the use of artillery of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the fight again a strategy was carried out. The tactics of action of artillery unit saris closed, the technical characteristics of modern firing equips minted artillery reconnaissance reequip met used in the fight against the b artery are given. The peculiarity of the article eyes that it contains artillery fire and artillery race on nays since equipment off origins countries, in particular the NATO North Atlantic bloc, supplied in accord an pewits the law on Lend-Lease torpor tact democracy in Ukraine from 2022, indicating their advent age sandiest advantages in a special military operation.
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Świerczek, Marek. "Working methods of the Russian secret services in the light of the Oleg Kulinich case." Przegląd Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego 15, no. 29 (December 6, 2023): 291–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20801335pbw.23.031.18773.
Full textAbstract:
The author analyses the case of the detention of Ukrainian Security Service officer Oleg Kulinich on suspicion of espionage for the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation. On the basis of the analysis of the tasks posed to this Russian agent, he concludes that the modus operandi of Russian counterintelligence is diametrically opposed to the methods of Western services. The main difference is the shifting of the centre of gravity of operational activities from reconnaissance-information work to attempts at agentic seizure of control over enemy institutions, mainly civilian and military special services, and the realisation of intelligence infiltration by people with the same habitus as recruitment candidates. Drawing on the achievements of cognitive psychology and research in recent history, the author demonstrates that the Russian services have been using and refining these methods for more than 100 years.
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Lipanov, A. M., V. B. Artemiev, S. A. Petrushin, V. N. Kosterenko, A. V. Mutygullin, S. I. Kontsevoy, M. A. Lifer, A. S. Kontsevoy, and M. L. Kim. "A concept of an unmanned self-propelled vehicle for operation in coal mines. Part 2." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 6/2022 (January 15, 2023): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-6-36-44.
Full textAbstract:
The article is a continuation of the research described in the Russian Mining Industry Journal, Issue 5 (https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-00-00). This paper presents the Pathfinder Module of the unmanned self-propelled vehicle, which was developed within the framework of the Chameleon Project. Combination of this module with the Mule Basic Module makes it possible to create an unmanned a reconnaissance unmanned self-propelled vehicle. The Pathfinder Module is designed for terrain monitoring. This module is equipped with systems to create a mathematical model of the natural environment, which enables its movement if there is no communication with the operator. The module is equipped with a video-recording complex with the recording time of at least 4 hours, a binocular telescope with at least 18x zoom, a night vision device, a thermal imager with the angular resolution not exceeding 3° (the thermal target detection range of at least 1 000 m) and directional acoustic microphones. The article describes application scenarios of the Pathfinder Module, e.g. monitoring, reconnaissance, rescue and firefighting missions in a mine. The authors believe that serial production of the Chameleon range should begin as soon as possible as part of the import substitution program with the potential to export these products not only to the developing countries, but also to the countries with a high level of technological development.
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Petukhov, A. N., V. V. Vilchik, T. V. Shustikova, D. M. Imamov, and M. S. Molchanov. "The History of the Development of Domestic Chemical Intelligence Tools." Journal of NBC Protection Corps 8, no. 1 (June 17, 2024): 78–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.35825/2587-5728-2024-8-1-78-100.
Full textAbstract:
This article is dedicated to the history of the development of chemical reconnaissance and control means of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, the Soviet and Russian armies. This plot has never been covered previously in open literature. The aim of the work is to give a sketch of the development of chemical reconnaissance and control means from the First World War to the present day. The source base - documentary sources containing information about the chronology of acceptance for supply of chemical reconnaissance technical means, technical descriptions, manuals and operating instructions, as well as literature containing information about the design and principles of operation of these means. The method of analysis is descriptive. The discussion of the results. The most important factor that has influenced the development of means of indication was the development of chemical weapons. Аn analysis of information sources showed that before the Second World War, exclusively the chemical indication method was used. Since the late 1950s, due to the appearance of the organophosphorus agents, along with the chemical methods of indication, the biochemical methods began to be actively used both in military and in special means of chemical reconnaissance. The ionization method was first implemented in the early 1970s, the remote method (laser sensing) – in the late 1980s. Ion mobility spectrometry has been used since the late 1990s, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and FT-IR spectroscopy – since the early 2000s. The technology of semiconductor sensors has been used in serial devices since the late 2000s. Conclusion. In general, the development of domestic chemical reconnaissance and control means goes in line with global trends. One of the modern trends is the development of combined devices based on a combination of several indication methods. Currently, the leading position is occupied by technical means of remote chemical reconnaissance and instruments, the operating principles of which are based on ion mobility spectrometry.
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Song, Chao, Hongtian Liu, Yang Cao, and Jianwu Sun. "Analysis on the Application of Unmanned Equipment in the Russia-Ukraine Military Conflict." Journal of Safety Science and Engineering 1, no. 2 (June 2024): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.62517/jsse.202408201.
Full textAbstract:
In the Russia-Ukraine military conflict, the use of unmanned equipment has exerted a great influence on the whole battlefield situation and the war process, and it played an important role in reconnaissance, strike and defense since it can provide more accurate intelligence and more options for the commanders, reduce the risk of casualties and improve the operational efficiency. This paper reveals the value of unmanned equipment in the military conflict from a deeper level by analyzing the application, advantages and disadvantages of the unmanned equipment in the conflict and the enlightenment to the future war.
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Ustinova, L. A., V. A. Barkevych, N. V. Kurdil, R. M. Shvets, V. I. Saglo, and O. A. Yevtodiev. "Current state and trends in the development of identification tools of the Chemical Warfare Agents in Ukraine: ways of harmonization in accordance with EU and NATO standards. Part I." Ukrainian Journal of Modern Toxicological Aspects 86, no. 2 (July 10, 2019): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33273/2663-4570-2019-86-2-44-52.
Full textAbstract:
Relevance. Nowadays, Ukraine, where armed conflict takes place, has the highest risk of chemical hazard among countries of European region that induces the need for completing medical service and specialforces of Ukrainian Armed Forces with modern chemical-warfare reconnaissance means. Objective: analysis of modern methods for identification of chemical warfare agents and chemical-warfare reconnaissance means that are assured by the Ukrainian Armed Forces in terms of correspondence with current EU and NATO standards. Materials and methods. Analysis of domestic and foreign sources of scientific information in terms of use of chemical warfare agents and chemical weapon in modern warfare and armed conflicts was performed. Traditional methods and means for identification of chemical warfare agents were reviewed. The following methods of scientific study were applied: analytical, historical, bibliographic, systemic and informational approach. Results and discussion. Authors have performed the analysis of technical characteristics of chemical-warfare reconnaissance means and controls used in the Ukrainian Armed Forces, and have determined promising trends in retooling of outmoded devices. It has been emphasized that historical problem for Ukraine is the lack of own industrial production basis for technical modernization and development of novel devices for chemical-warfare reconnaissance, chemical analysis and appropriate consumables (indicator kits, indicator tubes, chemical reagents, etc.). Proposals are provided in terms of improvement of the abilities of the medical service for the assurance of medical protection of military servants under conditions of terrorist threats and warfightings, when an enemy uses mass destruction weapons. Authors underline that current technical chemical-warfare reconnaissance and chemical control means that are in the operational service of medical service and Special Forces of the Ukrainian Armed Forces require refitting and modernization via import phase-out of the current Soviet (Russian) pieces with analogues that are produced and are in the operational service of NATO countries. The specified way will significantly reduce time to retool the military forces and will not require special retraining of professionals. Conclusion. Modern tasks of chemical-warfare reconnaissance require principally new approach to the development of the methods and technologies for creation of the technical means basis in Ukraine that would provide the required sensitivity, efficiency and specificity in terms of identification of chemical warfare agents and chemical weapons. Key words: military toxicology, chemical weapon, identification of chemical warfare agents.
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Tuzhikov, E. N. "EXPERIMENTAL CHECK OF EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF LINKS OF GAS AND SMOKE PROTECTIVE SERVICE AT INTRODUCTION OF SENSORS OF A MOTIONLESS STATE." Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences 45, no. 4 (June 27, 2019): 12–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2018-45-4-124-132.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives The environmental factors at the fire that affect the efficiency of the operational activities of fire and rescue units in an unfit environment for breathing and statistical information on the functioning of the gas and smoke protection service in regions of the Russian Federation are given. Method The methodology for conducting experiments with groups of reconnaissance to search for an injured firefighter is given. A description of the location of the experiment and the algorithm for the movement of reconnaissance groups are presented. Result Results of experiments on the actions of the units of gas and smoke protective service inside fire object on search of the injured firefighter who is in unconsciousness are given. The experiment was conducted in the conditions of premises without lighting and with influence of noise hindrances to staff of groups of reconnaissance. The results of the experiments confirm the need of identification of firefighters at the site of a fire by of sensors of a motionless state and light reflecting elements of clothes and equipment. The results of the experiments are correlated with previously conducted experiments to study the time of fire reconnaissance in the premises of residential and public buildings. The necessity of the research of the parameters of the work of groups of reconnaissance at various sites on the basis of the temporal parameters of the work of gas and smoke defenders has been determined. Conclusion The positive influence of the presence factor of immobile sensors in the personnel of fire and rescue units operating in conditions unsuitable for breathing environment has been established. The proposed directions for the research of organizational systems for the management of fire departments at the fire.
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Ivankov, K. V. "Russian-ukrainian Relations In 2014–2022: The Main Geopolitical Dimensions." Moscow University Bulletin. Series 12. Political Science, no. 2023, №1 (November 3, 2023): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0868-4871-12-2023-1-1-66-80.
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The article considers the prerequisites and problems of the evolution of Russian-Ukrainian relations in the period from 2014 to 2022. Geopolitical causes of the reunification of Crimea with the Russian Federation in 2014, as well as the consequences of the mentioned event have been analyzed. The results of negotiations for settlement of the conflict in Ukraine within the framework of the Normandy format have been studied. It is emphasized that in the result of the failure to implement the Package of Measures for the Implementation of the Minsk Agreements the process of resolving the conflict in the South-East of Ukraine has reached a dead end. Moreover, the Ukrainian side, with the support of the states of the socalled collective West, has initiated the preparations to finish the conflict under consideration by military means. In addition, the transformation of the doctrinal documents that determined the Russian-Ukrainian relations has been analyzed. The active influence of the member states of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization on the foreign policy of Ukraine during the period under consideration is noted. The military and technical, reconnaissance, financial and diplomatic support provided to Ukraine by Western states, as well as the politics of Ukraine for implementation of the ideology of Ukrainian nationalism and Russophobia into society have been studied as the factors of transformation of Russian-Ukrainian relations, as well as the prerequisites for the Special Military Operation initiated by the Russian Federation on February 24, 2022.
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Smirnov, Y. D., D. V. Suchkov, and T. V. Goryunova. "Justification of the line of action for reclamation of lands disturbed by opencast mining." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 08009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126608009.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the substantiation of the line of action for reclamationof disturbed lands. The object of reclamation is a land plot (Russia, Leningrad Region), disturbed as a result of unauthorized open-pit mining operations for the extraction of limestone. In order to obtain the information necessary to justify the reclamation project, the following works were carried out: reconnaissance and route observations, topographic, geological, and environmental surveys of the land. Based on the results of the generalized study data of the environmental and economic justification, a line of action for agricultural reclamation was chosen. In addition, an assessment of the estimated cost of the event was carried out and a list of necessary works was proposed within the framework of the technical and biological stages of reclamation.
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Smirnov, Y. D., D. V. Suchkov, and T. V. Goryunova. "Justification of the line of action for reclamation of lands disturbed by opencast mining." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 08005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126608005.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the substantiation of the line of action for reclamationof disturbed lands. The object of reclamation is a land plot (Russia, Leningrad Region), disturbed as a result of unauthorized open-pit mining operations for the extraction of limestone. In order to obtain the information necessary to justify the reclamation project, the following works were carried out: reconnaissance and route observations, topographic, geological, and environmental surveys of the land. Based on the results of the generalized study data of the environmental and economic justification, a line of action for agricultural reclamation was chosen. In addition, an assessment of the estimated cost of the event was carried out and a list of necessary works was proposed within the framework of the technical and biological stages of reclamation.