Journal articles on the topic 'Russian S.F.S.R. in art'

Background. А history of the development of the human community is at the same time a history of the relationship between men and women, their role in society, in formation of mindset, development of science, technology and art. A woman’s path to the recognition of her merits is a struggle for equality and inclusion in all sectors of public life. Originated with particular urgency in the twentieth century, this set of problems gave impetus to the study of the female phenomenon in the sociocultural space. In this context, the disclosure of the direct contribution of talented women to art and their influence on its development has become of special relevance. The purpose of the article is to summarize segmental of information that highlights the contribution of women to the treasury of world art, their creative and inspiring power. Analytical, historical-biographical and comparative studying methods were applied to reveal the gender relationships in art and the role of woman in them as well as in the sociocultural space in general. The results from this study present a panorama of gifted women from the world of art and music who paved the way for future generations. Among them are: A. Gentileschi (1593–1653), who was the first woman admitted to The Florence Academy of Art; M. Vigee Le Brun (1755–1842), who painted portraits of the French aristocracy and later became a confidant of Marie-Antoinette; B. Morisot (1841–1895), who was accepted by the impressionists in their circle and repeatedly exhibited her works in the Paris Salon; F. Caccini (1587–1640), who went down in history as an Italian composer, teacher, harpsichordist, author of ballets and music for court theater performances; J. Kinkel (1810–1858) – the first female choral director in Germany, who published books about musical education, composed songs on poems of famous poets, as well as on her own texts; F. Mendelssohn (1805–1847) – German singer, pianist and composer, author of cantatas, vocal miniatures of organ preludes, piano pieces; R. Clark (1886–1979) – British viola player and composer who created trio, quartets, compositions for solo instruments, songs on poems of English poets; L. Boulanger (1893–1918) became the first woman to receive Grand Prix de Rome; R. Tsekhlin (1926–2007) – German harpsichordist, composer and teacher who successfully combined the composition of symphonies, concerts, choral and vocal opuses, operas, ballets, music for theatrical productions and cinema with active performing and teaching activities, and many others. The article emphasise the contribution of women-composers, writers, poetesses to the treasury of world literature and art. Among the composers in this row is S. Gubaidulina (1931), who has about 30 prizes and awards. She wrote music for 17 films and her works are being performed by famous musicians around the world. The glory of Ukrainian music is L. Dychko (1939) – the author of operas, oratorios, cantatas, symphonies, choral concertos, ballets, piano works, romances, film music. The broad famous are the French writers: S.-G. Colette (1873–1954), to which the films were devoted, the performances based on her novels are going all over the world, her lyrics are being studied in the literature departments. She was the President of the Goncourt Academy, Chevalier of the Legion of Honour, a square in the center of Paris is named after her. Also, creativity by her compatriot, L. de Vilmorin (1902–1969), on whose poems С. Arrieu, G. Auric, F. Poulenc wrote vocal miniatures, is beloved and recognized as in France as and widely abroad. The article denotes a circle of women who combined the position of a selfsufficient creator and a muse for their companion. M. Verevkina (1860–1938) – a Russian artist, a representative of expressionism in painting, not only helped shape the aesthetic views of her husband A. Yavlensky, contributing to his art education, but for a long time “left the stage” for to not compete with him and help him develop his talent fully. Furthermore, she managed to anticipate many of the discoveries as for the use of light that are associated with the names of H. Matisse, A. Derain and other French fauvist. F. Kahlo (1907–1954), a Mexican artist, was a strict critic and supporter for her husband D. Rivera, led his business, was frequently depicted in his frescoes. C. Schumann (1819–1896) was a committed promoter of R. Schumann’s creativity. She performed his music even when he was not yet recognized by public. She included his compositions in the repertoire of her students after the composer lost his ability to play due to the illness of the hands. She herself performed his works, making R. Schumann famous across Europe. In addition, Clara took care of the welfare of the family – the main source of finance was income from her concerts. The article indicates the growing interest of the twentieth century composers to the poems of female poets. Among them M. Debord-Valmore (1786–1859) – a French poetess, about whom S. Zweig, P. Verlaine and L. Aragon wrote their essays, and her poems were set to music by C. Franck, G. Bizet and R. Ahn; R. Auslender (1901–1988) is a German poetess, a native of Ukraine (Chernovtsy city), author of more than 20 collections, her lyrics were used by an American woman-composer E. Alexander to write “Three Songs” and by German composer G. Grosse-Schware who wrote four pieces for the choir; I. Bachmann (1926–1973) – the winner of three major Austrian awards, author of the libretto for the ballet “Idiot” and opera “The Prince of Hombur”. The composer H. W. Henze, in turn, created music for the play “Cicadas” by I. Bachmann. On this basis, we conclude that women not only successfully engaged in painting, wrote poems and novels, composed music, opened «locked doors», destroyed established stereotypes but were a powerful source of inspiration. Combining the roles of the creator and muse, they helped men reach the greatest heights. Toward the twentieth century, the role of the fair sex representatives in the world of art increased and strengthened significantly, which led Western European culture to a new round of its evolution.

MacWhinney, Bates, and colleagues developed the Competition Model in the 1980s as an alternate to Chomskyan models that encapsulate syntax as a special-purpose module. The Competition Model adopted the functional perspective that language serves communicative goals and functions. In contrast to the premise that knowledge of language is innate, the Competition model asserts that language is learned and processed through general cognitive mechanisms that identify and weight phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic cues in the language experiences of the learner. These weighted cues guide the language user in the comprehension and production of language forms. The present article provides background on the Competition Model, describes machine simulations of linguistic competition, and extends the principles of the Competition Model to new machine models and applications through deep learning networks. References Bates, E. & MacWhinney, B. (1982). A functionalist approach to grammar. In E. Wanner & L. Gleitman (Eds.), Language acquisition: the state of the art. New York: Cambridge University Press. Bates, E., & MacWhinney, B. (1989). Functionalism and the competition model. In: The Crosslinguistic Study of Sentence Processing, (pp 3-76). B. MacWhinney and E. Bates (Eds.), New York: Cambridge University Press. Devescovi, A., D’Amico, S., Smith, S., Mimica, I., & Bates, E. (1998). The development of sentence comprehension in Italian and Serbo-Croatian: Local versus distributed cues. In: Syntax and Semantics: Vol. 31. Sentence Pocessing: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective, (pp. 345-377). D. Hillert (Ed.), San Diego: Academic Press. Hauser, M. D., Chomsky, N., & Fitch, W. T. (2002). The faculty of language: What it is, who has it, and how did it evolve? Science, 298, 1569-1579. Just, M. A., & Carpenter, P. A. (1980). A theory of reading: From eye fixations to comprehension. Psychological Review, 87, 329-354. Langacker, R. (1989). Foundations of cognitive grammar. Vol. 2: Applications. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Li, P., & MacWhinney, B. (2013). Competition model. In: The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics. C. A. Chapelle (Ed.), Malden, MA: Wiley. MacWhinney, B. (1987). The competition model. In: Mechanisms of Language Acquisition, (pp.249-308). B. MacWhinney (Ed.).Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. MacWhinney, B. (2001). The competition model: The input, the context, and the brain. In: Cognition and Second Language Instruction, (pp. 69–90). P. Robinson (Ed.), New York: Cambridge University Press. MacWhinney, B. (2008). A Unified Model. In: Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition, (pp. 341-371). P. Robinson & N. Ellis (Eds.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. MacWhinney B. (2012). The logic of the Unified Model. In: The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition, (pp. 211–227). S. Gass and A. Mackey (Eds.). New York: Routledge. MacWhinney, B. (2015). Multidimensional SLA. In: Usage-Based Perspectives on Second Language Learning, (pp. 22-45). S. Eskilde and T. Cadierno (Eds.). New York: Oxford University Press. MacWhinney, B., Bates, E. & Kliegl, R. (1984). Cue validity and sentence interpretation in English, German, and Italian. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 23, 127-150. MacWhinney, B., Leinbach, J., Taraban, R., & McDonald, J. (1989). Language learning: Cues or rules? Journal of Memory and Language, 28, 255-277. McClelland, J. L., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1986). Parallel Distributed Processing. Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition. Volume 2: Psychological and Biological Models. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Presson, N. & MacWhinney, B. (2011). The Competition Model and language disorders. In: Handbook of Psycholinguistic and Cognitive Processes, (pp. 31-48). J. Guendozi, F. Loncke, and M. Williams (Eds.). New York: Psychology Press. Sokolov, J. L. (1988). Cue validity in Hebrew sentence comprehension. Journal of Child Language, 15, 129-156. Taraban, R. (2004). Drawing learners’ attention to syntactic context aids gender-like category induction. Journal of Memory and Language, 51(2), 202-216. Taraban, R. (2017). Hate, white supremacy, PTSD, and metacognition. In: Improve With Metacognition [online]. L. Scharff, A. Richmond, & J. Draeger (Eds.). Retrieved from: www.improvewithmetacognition.com. Taraban, R., & Kempe, V. (1999). Gender processing in native and non-native Russian speakers. Applied Psycholinguistics, 20, 119-148. Taraban, R., McDonald, J., & MacWhinney, B. (1989). Category learning in a connectionist model: Learning to decline the German definite article. In R. Corrigan, F. Eckman, & M. Noonan (Eds.), Linguistic categorization (pp. 163-193). Philadelphia: Benjamins. Taraban, R., & Roark, B. (1996). Competition in learning language-based categories. Applied Psycholinguistics, 17, 125-148.

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В статье приведены результаты исследования процесса гидратирования водной фазы обратных эмульсий нефти природным газом с высоким содержанием метана (более 90 об.%). Целью работы являлось исследование кинетики кристаллизации эмульсий нефти при образовании в их среде гидратов природного газа с помощью метода дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии (ДСК).Объектами исследования являлись обратные эмульсии нефти, содержащие 20, 40, 60 и 80 мас.% воды. Для изучения кинетики гидратирования эмульсий нефти газом был использован метод ДСК в условиях квази-равновесного эксперимента.Показана применимость модели Колмогорова–Джонсона–Мела–Аврами (КДМА) при описании процесса кристаллизации обратных эмульсий нефти в условиях квази-изотермического ДСК-эксперимента. Определены кинетические показатели модели КДМА в эмульсиях для процессов превращения капель воды в лед, а также их гидратирования природным газом. Показано, что в системе «природный газ-нефть-вода» процесс льдообразованияхарактеризуется высокими значениями показателя Аврами (n > 3) и степени свободы (l = 3), а процесс образования гидрата природного газа – низким показателем Аврами (n < 3) и средними показателями степени свободы (l = 1–3).Показано, что в непрерывной водной фазе гидраты природного газа формируются путем мгновенногозародышеобразования в виде отдельных одномерных кристаллов, а в нефти – гидраты нуклеируют с постоянной скоростью и, в зависимости от содержания воды, растут в виде разрозненных кристаллитов, корки или сферолитов. Полученные результаты исследований позволяют углубить уровень знаний о кинетике и механизмах гидратирования эмульсий нефти, и могут быть использованы в качестве дополнения к научным основам создания новых технологийсовместной транспортировки нефти и гидратированного в ней природного газа. ЛИТЕРАТУРА 1. Carroll J. 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Background. The academic guitar art, which announced itself at the beginning of the XXI century as one of the dominant and sought-after forms of the concert music making, in recent decades has become the subject of scientific reflection. However, due to a later start time of its evolvement, it turned out to be less explored than other concert genres. The birth of the academic guitar art in the early twentieth century associated with the name of A. Segovia, together with whose creativity it stepped beyond the limits of the Spanish national culture and came to the world level. Creativity of the contemporaries and compatriots of A. Segovia, the famous guitarists of the first half of the twentieth century C. Romero, R. S&#225;inz de la Maza and M. Llobet, did not have that cultural and artistic weight, which could be a basis for ascension of the Spanish guitar art to the European professional heights. Exactly A. Segovia was able to do this. In spite of the fact that the importance of A. Segovia’s activities for the formation of the new performing guitar traditions of the twentieth century is enormous, it has not yet received its systemic coverage. Thus, the relevance of this article is caused, on the one hand, by the great interest in the academic guitar art in recent years, and on the other, by the lack of the special scientific studies dedicated to the performing art of the outstanding Spanish guitarist. Existing studies contain only incomplete historical data [3; 7] or the compressed socio-cultural panorama of A. Segovia’s creative activity and the period of formation of the guitar performing traditions of the twentieth century [1, p. 4–6]. Objectives. The proposed research considers the features of the performing art of A. Segovia at its different stages in order to identify the patterns of its evolvement and the main its achievements from the point of view of the contemporary guitar art. For the first time, a comprehensive assessment of the concert heritage of the Spanish maestro in the aspect of its legislative influence upon the modern academic guitar creativity is given. Methods of the research. The complex of general scientific research methods makes it possible to disclose the basic positions of the article: signification of the classical guitar in the family of the academic solo instruments (systems approach); the evolution paths of an academic guitar (historical approach); comprehension of the guitar creativity in a broad socio-cultural aspect (cultural approach); definition of the author’s performing style of A. Segovia (interpretational approach). Results. For comprehension of the evolution of A. Segovia’s performing arts, maestro’ concert programs are considered. The first big performance (March 12, 1916) included 19 pieces (Par I – the arrangements by A. Segovia and one piece by M. Llobet; Part II – the works by J. Bach, J. Haydn, F. Mendelssohn, F. Chopin, all transcribed for guitar by F. T&#225;rrega; Part III – the music by I. Albeniz, E. Granados and one play by P. Tchaikovsky). At this stage of evolution of the academic guitar art, A. Segovia could not present in the program the works of the Renaissance epoch; besides, in the historical and cultural aspect, the program is formatted inconsequently. However, in our opinion, the program is logical and justified in its own way, and its third part that almost entirely formed from the works of the Spanish national classics one can consider as a response to the ideology of “Renacimiento” – the movement for the national revival of Spain. The ending of the decade of the fruitful concert activity of A. Segovia coincided with his tours in the territory of present-day Russia and Ukraine. In 1926, A. Segovia gave six concerts in Moscow and two concerts in Leningrad, and in 1927 – six concerts in Moscow, three concerts in Leningrad, and one each in Kharkov and Kiev. The analysis shows that the total number of works in A. Segovia’s repertoire list during his Moscow tour performances in 1926–1927 has grown to 75. They belonged to different historical eras and various performing styles, to 28 authors from different countries. The extensive repertoire corresponding to A. Segovia’s exquisite taste embodied in elegant performing interpretations, which reflected in the feedback from listeners and music critics. Over 10 years of his concert activity, the total repertoire of A. Segovia expanded significantly (up to 300 works), not only due to his own transcriptions of works by J. Bach, G. Handel, W. Mozart, J. Haydn, F. Schubert, F. T&#225;rrega, I. Albeniz and E. Granados, but also thanks to the works of a new wave of composers: A. Tansman, F. Moreno Torroba, J. Turina, which created a number of pieces for guitar at the request of A. Segovia. Conclusions. Thus, contingently, A. Segovia’s concert activity one can divide into two big stages: before and after 1924. The culmination point of the first stage is related with the successful performance in Barcelona (1916), which eliminated some acoustic and psychological barriers that hampered guitar performers and organizers of concerts (A. Segovia is the first guitarist who was playing in the hall for 1000 seats). The first tour in Paris in April 1924, which began the second stage of the maestro’s concert activity, can be considered as a landmark event on the path of world recognition of A. Segovia. Henceforth the format of the concert programs of A. Segovia and his recordings on disks thought out clearly, it is structured delicately based on the musical styles of certain historical periods. An important place the works of modern composers occupied. The concert heritage of A. Segovia is a reflection of the evolution of the guitar repertoire. It progressed from the limited by the previous tradition in the early twentieth century up to the universal format, combining the best examples of the folk music (flamenco), the transcriptions of European classical music and the modern works bearing the newest sound images. Among the authors of such, at the request of A. Segovia, were M. Castelnuovo-Tedesko, F. Moreno Torroba, M. Ponce, J. Rodrigo, A. Tansman.

The article presents the results of an archival search for information regarding Sergey P. Koloshin, a publicist and the publisher of the <i>Zritel obschestvennoy zhizni, literatury i sporta</i> (<i>Spectator of public life, literature and sports</i>) magazine, who went bankrupt in 1863. In the 1860s, he lived in Italy, attempted to collaborate with the <i>Epokha</i> (<i>Epoch</i>) magazine, corresponded with the brothers M. M. and F. M. Dostoevskys, and died on November 27, 1868 in Florence. The discovered documents allow to clarify the time and circumstances of his death. The Russian Empire’s Foreign Policy Archive contains a file regarding the assignment of the transportation the body of the deceased to Milan for burial in the columbarium to Mikhail Orlov, the Archpriest of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Nativity of Christ and St. Nicholas in Florence, who already performed the rite of blessing S. Koloshin. The latter was also entrusted with fulfilling the last will of the deceased, completing his settlements on this Earth, including those with the owner of his rented residence. Her receipt for money received indicates the address of Koloshin's residence in Milan, which is significant in connection with the search for his archive, which probably includes the letters of Dostoevsky. The article also introduces the encrypted telegrams of the Russian mission to Turin into scientific circulation for the first time. These telegrams are signed by the name Koloshin (Kolochine), and the authors suggest that they belong either to Sergey’s brother, Dmitry Pavlovich, junior secretary of the Russian mission in Brussels, or to Ivan Petrovich Koloshin, Resident Master of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Empire, cousin of S. P. Koloshin. He could have also provided the documents from the personal archive of S. P. Koloshin, which likely included letters from Dostoevsky.

Исследования искусственной среды уже давно изучаются в отдельных областях социальных наук, и предпринимается несколько попыток создания единой теории взаимодействия человека с окружающей средой. Текущий дискурс об искусственной среде оставался фрагментированным между археологами и социальными антропологами. Исследование комплексного подхода теоретических основ теории искусственной среды может оказаться полезным для археологов и социальных антропологов в понимании взаимодействия человека с окружающей средой. Подходы, применяемые как археологами, так и социальными антропологами, обладают уникальными преимуществами, которые, адаптированные вместе, могут обеспечить более сильную концептуализацию и развитие большего за счет исследований взаимоотношений человека с искусственной средой в прошлых и современных обществах. Библиографическме ссылки Blockley, M. 2003. In P. G. Stone, P. G. Planel. (eds). The Constructed Past: Experimental Archaeology, Education and the Public. Routledge,. 16–18. Goody, J. 1971.In Goody, J. (ed.). The Developmental Cycle in Domestic Groups. Cambridge University Press, 347–381.Hodder I. 1979. In American Antiquity. 44 (3), 446–454. Kent, S.1984. Analyzing Activity Areas: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of the Use of Space. University of New Mexico Press. Lawrence, D. L., Low, S. M. 1990. In Annual Review of Anthropology. 1990. 19, 435–505. Lercari, N. 2017. In Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage. 6, 10–17. Micoli L., Guidi G., Angheleddu D., Russo M. 2013. A multidisciplinary approach to 3D survey and reconstruction of historical buildings. Digital Heritage International Congress Proceedings. 241–248. Morgan, L. H. 1965. Houses and House-Life of the American Aborigines. University of Chicago Press. Planel, P. G., Stone, P. G. 2003. In P. G. Stone, P. G. Planel. (eds). The Constructed Past: Experimental Archaeology, Education and the Public. Routledge,. 1–5. Rapoport, A. 1977. Human Aspects of Urban Form. Pergamon. Rapoport, A. 1990. The Meaning of the Built Environment: A Nonverbal Communication Approach. University of Arizona Press. Schiffer, M.B. 1978. In Gould, R. (ed.). Methodological issues in ethnoarchaeology. Explorations in Ethnoarchaeology.. University of New Mexico Press, 1978. Р. 347–381. Sitdikov, A., Badeev, D. 2017. In European Research Studies Journal. S (20), 208−214. Baranov, V. S. 2013. In Baranov, V. S., Valeev R. M., Salikhov R. R., Poluboiarinova M. D., Sharifullin R. F. (eds.). Velikii Bolgar (Great Bolgar). Moscow; Kazan: “Feoriia” Publ., 232–242 (in Russian). Valeev, R. M. 2013. In Baranov, V. S., Valeev R. M., Salikhov R. R., Poluboiarinova M. D., Sharifullin R. F. (eds.). Velikii Bolgar (Great Bolgar). Moscow; Kazan: “Feoriia” Publ., 92–97 (in Russian). Izmailov, I. L. 2013. In Baranov, V. S., Valeev R. M., Salikhov R. R., Poluboiarinova M. D., Sharifullin R. F. (eds.). Velikii Bolgar (Great Bolgar). Moscow; Kazan: “Feoriia” Publ., 55−63 (in Russian). Koval V. Yu. 2016. In Povolzhskaya arkheologiya (Volga River Region Archaeology) 18 (4), 99−124 (in Russian). Mukhametshin, D. G. 2016. In Bocharov, S. G., Sitdikov, A. G. (eds.). Dialog gorodskoi i stepnoi kul'tur na Evraziiskom prostranstve. Istoricheskaia geografi ia Zolotoi Ordy (Dialogue of the Urban and Steppe Cultures in the Eurasian Space. Historical Geography of the Golden Horde). Kazan; Yalta; Kishinev: “Stratum plus” Publ., 121−123 (in Russian). Nigamaev, A. Z. 2017. In Arkheologiia Evraziiskikh stepei (Archaeology of Eurasian Steppes) 3. 239−242 (in Russian). Sharifullin R. F. 2014. In Povolzhskaya arkheologiya (Volga River Region Archaeology) 9 (3), 56−75 (in Russian).

Using meaningful historical material, the article explores the parallels of the creative careers of such great developers of the Russian opera of the late 19th – early 20th centuries as F. Chaliapin, S. Mamontov, and V. Telyakovsky. It was the period of rapid development of innovative stage direction, vocal art, and stage design. The outstanding organizers of theater business S. Mamontov and V. Telyakovsky were at the heart of that creative seething. Being representatives of different social strata (the merchant class and higher nobility), they attracted vivid talents and opened them the way of the private and state opera, respectively. The flourishing of operatic art led to a completely new level of performance. F. Chaliapin and a number of other outstanding representatives of Russian opera began their careers at that time. S. Mamontov’s Private Opera which played a significant role in the development of Russian operatic art was founded in 1896. The repertoire of this theater consisted of works by Rimsky-Korsakov, Mussorgsky, and Borodin. Innovative approaches to the opera performance which was considered as a living synthetic phenomenon integrating the concepts of production and stage design were implemented on the Russian stage for the first time. In its productions, Mamontov’s Private Opera used the principles of realism, which corresponded to the spirit of the works performed. Meanwhile, the development of Russian opera during this period was taking place against the background of complex social relations which aggravated many contradictions both in the life of the society as a whole with its differentiation into metropolitan and provincial life, and in the life on the stage with its specific very mobile interpersonal communications. The article focuses on the careers of S. Mamontov, F. Chaliapin, and V. Telyakovsky. Each of them made an invaluable contribution to the development of Russian opera. From the perspective of the historical culturological approach, the article examines the complicated relationship between the prominent Russian philanthropist and theater director Savva Mamontov, the flexible administrator Vladimir Telyakovsky, and the outstanding opera singer Feodor Chaliapin, and their influence on the formation of the personality of an opera performer and on the development of operatic art in Russia as a whole. The article presents abundant documentary evidence of the peculiarities of their relationship which ultimately determined the vector in the development of the Russian opera theater.

This paper is the first to analyze the typewritten copies of D. S. Merezhkovsky’s famous article “Prophet of the Russian revolution (For Dostoevsky’s anniversary)” (1906) with the author’s notes. The article is believed to have been written at the request of A. G. Dostoevskaya for the anniversary edition of F. M. Dostoevsky’s complete works (to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the writer’s death). After having read it and heard the opinions about D. S. Merezhkovsky’s lecture, given on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the writer's death, A. G. Dostoevskaya turned down the article. D. S. Merezhkovsky immediately published it in the Vesy magazine, and subsequently as a separate brochure and then in both editions of his complete works. However, an examination of the article’s typewritten copies reveals that D. S. Merezhkovsky was working simultaneously on two versions of it: a short one for A. G. Dostoevskaya and an extended one for journal publication. Judging by the author’s notes, he intended to edit the article’s short version in accordance with A. G. Dostoevskaya’s comments, but she was unsatisfied with the result. Instead, the writer’s widow included S.N. Bulgakov’s biographical essay in the complete works. A textual analysis of the variants and revisions of D. S. Merezhkovsky’s article leads to conclusions about the evolution of his intent, the genre and semantics of the titles of the article, written under the influence of the events of the first Russian revolution as a polemically oriented journalistic text.

<p>This article presents a historical poetics viewpoint on the artistic implementation of the heroic confrontation storyline. The purpose of this article is to identify patterns of its development, principles and methods of variability in such key works of Russian literature as <em>The Legend of the slaughter of Mamai</em> (ХV&nbsp;c.), the poem of M.&nbsp;Yu.&nbsp;Lermontov <em>A Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, the Young Oprichnik, and the Valorous Merchant Kalashnikov</em> (1837), N.&nbsp;V.&nbsp;Gogol&rsquo;s short story <em>Taras Bulba</em> (1842), N.&nbsp;S.&nbsp;Leskov&rsquo;s story <em>The Enchanted Wanderer</em> (1873), the essay of F.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;Dostoevsky <em>Foma Danilov</em><em>, the tormented Russian hero</em> (1877), the story of M.&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Sholokhov <em>Fate of a Man</em> (1956). This story tradition has preserved its national and Orthodox &ldquo;code&rdquo;, and the important opposition of the main characters-antipodes has acquired the significance of an archetypal, pivotal situation mainly defining the features of the ethno-confessional originality of Russian classical literature.</p>

<p>The article studies the space-semiotic organization of one of the central symbolist novels of the Silver age, associated with the &ldquo;estate topos&rdquo; in Russian literature. Most of the action in the &ldquo;Roman-Prince&rdquo; by Z.&nbsp;N.&nbsp;Gippius takes place in the 1910s on the territory of country estates in different parts of Russia, as well as in the Western European castle near the Pyrenees, where Russian revolutionaries live. The duality of the Russian revolution manifested as late as in Decembrist movement (the &ldquo;autocratic&rdquo; dictatorship of P.&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Pestel and the Christian democratism of S.&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Muravyov-Apostol) echoed in Gippius&rsquo;s novel in the form of the opposition between Roman Smentsev and Mikhail Rzhevsky, along with his supporters Florenty and Litta. Gippius&rsquo;s discovery consists in the fact that she found in the field of &ldquo;estate topos&rdquo; a meaning that goes back to the activities of the Decembrists-noble revolutionaries of the first quarter of the 19th&nbsp;century, often large landowners. The &ldquo;Estate topos&rdquo; appears in the &ldquo;Roman-Prince&rdquo; as the topos of the Russian religious revolution in a number of local variations. The ideological and artistic circulation between its three loci unites the Western European castle, reminiscent of the educationist roots of the Russian &ldquo;estate culture&rdquo; with its ideal of a free personality, a noble estate of the Golden age, which brings Russia&rsquo;s first apostles of religious revolution, and eclectic intelligent-landowner estate of the Silver age, the inhabitants of shich are under the evil power of the Antichrist of the revolution, genetically ascending to Stavrogin of the novel &ldquo;Demons&rdquo; by F.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;Dostoevsky. At the same time, they maintain the ability to break the fatal circle outlined by Smentsev thanks to the heterotopic connection with the other two estate projections presented in the novel. So, the scientific novelty of the article is that: here, in the material of the Gippius&rsquo;s novel is identified and discussed an important modification of the &ldquo;estate topos&rdquo; in the literature of Russian symbolism&nbsp;&mdash; a landowner&rsquo;s rural estate as a topos of the religious revolution, and for understanding of its structure a new category&nbsp;&mdash; &ldquo;heterotopia of the estate&rdquo;&nbsp;&mdash; is used.</p>

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply Foresight methodology to the area of nanotechnologies and new materials within the framework of Russian S&T Foresight 2030 aimed at revelation of major trends, most promising products and technologies. Design/methodology/approach To achieve this goal, best international practice was analyzed that provided a solid basis for Russian S&T Foresight 2030 (section “Nanotechnology and new materials”). The study used a wide range of advanced Foresight methods adapted to Russian circumstances. During the Foresight study, the authors integrated “market pull” and research “technology push” approaches including both traditional methods (priority-setting, roadmaps, global challenges analysis) and relatively new approaches (horizon scanning, weak signals, wild cards, etc.). Findings Using the methods of the Foresight, the authors identified trends with the greatest impact on the sphere of nanotechnology and new materials, promising markets, product groups and potential areas of demand for Russian innovation technologies and developments in this field. The authors assessed the state-of-the-art of the domestic research in the area of nanotechnologies and new materials to identify “white spots”, as well as parity zone and leadership, which can be the basis for integration into international alliances and positioning of Russia as a center of global technological development in this field. Originality/value The results of applying Foresight methodology toward revelation of the most prospective S&T areas in the field of nanotechnologies and new materials can be used by a variety of stakeholders including federal and regional authorities, technology platforms and innovation and industrial clusters, leading universities and scientific organizations in formulation of their research and strategic agenda. Russian businesses including both large companies and small and medium-sized enterprises can use results of the study in creating their strategic R&D programs and finding appropriate partners.

The article presents a part of the archival heritage of Albert Grünwedel – his letters to S. F. Oldenburg, devoted to the exploration of Eastern Turkestan at the beginning of the 20th century. Grünwedel gives some important characteristics to the ways of studying of Buddhist art in Central Asia, describes the state of several monuments in Turfan; his information completes the history of cooperation of German and Russian expeditions. Several documents shed some more light on the conditions of the division of the areas of excavations between German and Russian expeditions.

ABSTRACT We present new fluorine abundance estimations in two carbon enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars, HE 1429−0551 and HE 1305+0007. HE 1429−0551 is also enriched in slow neutron-capture process (s-process) elements, a CEMP-s, and HE 1305+0007 is enhanced in both, slow and rapid neutron-capture process elements, a CEMP-s/r. The F abundances estimates are derived from the vibration–rotation transition of the HF molecule at 23358.6 Å using high-resolution infrared spectra obtained with the Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrometer (IGRINS) at the 4-m class Lowell Discovery Telescope. Our results include an F abundance measurement in HE 1429−0551 of A(F) = +3.93 ([F/Fe] = +1.90) at [Fe/H] = −2.53, and an F upper limit in HE 1305+0007 of A(F) &lt; +3.28 ([F/Fe] &lt; +1.00) at [Fe/H] = −2.28. Our new derived F abundance in HE 1429−0551 makes this object the most metal-poor star where F has been detected. We carefully compare these results with literature values and state-of-the-art CEMP-s model predictions including detailed asymptotic giant branch (AGB) nucleosynthesis and binary evolution. The modelled fluorine abundance for HE 1429−0551 is within reasonable agreement with our observed abundance, although is slightly higher than our observed value. For HE 1429−0551, our findings support the scenario via mass transfer by a primary companion during its thermally pulsing phase. Our estimated upper limit in HE 1305+0007, along with data from the literature, shows large discrepancies compared with AGB models. The discrepancy is principally due to the simultaneous s- and r-process element enhancements which the model struggles to reproduce.

<p>The article raised the question of the role of the Pushkinian principle in the philosophical and aesthetic system of Yu.&nbsp;I.&nbsp;Aykhenvald, one of the leading critics of the Silver Age. The given review of Aykhenvald&rsquo;s publications on Pushkin and Pushkin studies of the first quarter of the twentieth century and analysis of Aykhenvald&rsquo;s attitude to V.&nbsp;G.&nbsp;Belinsky&rsquo;s and D.&nbsp;S. Merezhkovsky&rsquo;s statements about Pushkin allowed defining more clearly the position of the literator, his approaches and methods. Aykhenvald&rsquo;s articles about Anna&nbsp;Akhmatova, V.&nbsp;Bryusov, I.&nbsp;Bunin demonstrate that the involvement in the Pushkin tradition was for Aykhenvald the most important aesthetic criterion in assessing the modern literary process. Besides, the article regards the question of perception of Pushkin&rsquo;s studies of Aykhenvald by his contemporaries&nbsp;&mdash; writers (B.&nbsp;Zaitsev, B.&nbsp;Sadovskoy, V.&nbsp;Khodasevich), literary scholars (S.&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Vengerov, B.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;Eichenbaum, A.&nbsp;P.&nbsp;Skaftymov), cultural historians (P.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;Bicilli) and representatives of Russian religious philosophy (S.&nbsp;L.&nbsp;Frank, A.&nbsp;F.&nbsp;Losev). It is concluded that, in contrast to literary historians, the phenomenon of Aykhenvald was for philosophically minded admirers of his critical talent a confirmation of the unity of national culture, the irreducibility of the nation to nationality and Pushkin as its main symbol.</p>

AbstractThe problem of finding a nontrivial factor of a polynomial$f(x)$over a finite field${\mathbb{F}}_q$has many known efficient, but randomized, algorithms. The deterministic complexity of this problem is a famous open question even assuming the generalized Riemann hypothesis (GRH). In this work we improve the state of the art by focusing on prime degree polynomials; let$n$be the degree. If$(n-1)$has a ‘large’$r$-smooth divisor$s$, then we find a nontrivial factor of$f(x)$in deterministic$\mbox{poly}(n^r,\log q)$time, assuming GRH and that$s=\Omega (\sqrt{n/2^r})$. Thus, for$r=O(1)$our algorithm is polynomial time. Further, for$r=\Omega (\log \log n)$there are infinitely many prime degrees$n$for which our algorithm is applicable and better than the best known, assuming GRH. Our methods build on the algebraic-combinatorial framework of$m$-schemes initiated by Ivanyos, Karpinski and Saxena (ISSAC 2009). We show that the$m$-scheme on$n$points, implicitly appearing in our factoring algorithm, has an exceptional structure, leading us to the improved time complexity. Our structure theorem proves the existence of small intersection numbers in any association scheme that has many relations, and roughly equal valencies and indistinguishing numbers.

We pay attention on the problems of Russian modern studies of sexism, which are suffering from the lack of relevant psychodiagnostic tools. We examine and describe foreign experience in diagnosing sexism. диагностики сексизма. The development of sexism interpretations and its measurement methodologies in the concepts of N. Benokraitis and J. Feagin (overt/blatant, covert, and subtle sexism), P. Glick and S. Fiske (hostile and benevolent sexism) are analyzed. The review presents the main theoretical concepts of sexism and related tests such as Attitudes Toward Women Scale by J. Spence and R. Helmreich; Modern Sexism Scale by J. Swim, K. Aikin, W. Hall, B. Hunter; Neosexism Scale by F. Tougas, R. Brown, A. Beaton, A. Joly; Ambivalent Sexism Inventory by P. Glick and S. Fiske; Implicit Association Test by A. Greenwald, D. McGhee and J. Schwartz.

Abstract Objectives To compare the patterns of thermal food processing methods in patients with and without the syndrome intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Methods It was retrospective single-center study. Data of patients with lactulose breath test GastroCheck Gastrolyser (Bedfont, UK) and diet assessment (24-hours dietary recall) were enrolled. Those with excessive production of hydrogen, methane, both or neither gases were identified. All dishes and products consumed by a patient we divided to 6 categories depending on thermal food processing method: those that were not processed (raw) (Cat-r), boiled (Cat-bl), fried (Cat-f), stewed (Cat-s), baked (Cat-bk) in the oven or grilled (Cat-g). To analyze the structure of thermal food processing, we divided the weight of all products or dishes that underwent specific method of processing to the total weight of the food consumed. The pattern of thermal food processing within each group was obtained as a quotient of the total percentage (by weight) of the food processed with the certain method by the number of patients in the group. Results The data of 1200 patients were available for the final analysis: 640 patients in the SIBO-H2 group, 162 in the SIBO-CH4 group, 270 in the SIBO-CH4-H2 group, and 128 patients in the control group. The distribution of thermal food processing categories was as follows: in patients with SIBO-H2 (Cat-r: 45.3 ± 17.2%, Cat-bl: 31.8 ± 15.6%, Cat-s: 3.5 ± 7.7%, Cat-f: 6.5 ± 10.5%, Cat-bk: 12.4 ± 10.3%, Cat-g 0.3 ± 3.3%); with SIBO-CH4 (Cat-r: 47.2 ± 16.6%, Cat-bl: 29.5 ± 15.1%, Cat-s: 4.3 ± 7.4%, Cat-f: 5.8 ± 10.0%, Cat-bk: 12.4 ± 10.3%, Cat-g: 0,4 ± 3,9%); with SIBO-CH4-H2 (Cat-r: 45.5 ± 16.3%, Cat-bl: 31.0 ± 16.1%, Cat-s: 4.0 ± 8.0%, Cat-f: 5.4 ± 9.9%, Cat-bk: 13.4 ± 11.0%, Cat-g: 0.3 ± 2.2%); in the control group (Cat-r: 44.8 ± 16.8%, Cat-bl: 32.4 ± 16.4%, Cat-s: 3.0 ± 6.5%, Cat-f: 5.2 ± 7.7%, Cat-bk 14.1 ± 10.4%, Cat-g: 0.2 ± 1.9%). No significant difference was found between the study groups and the control group by mean percentage of raw, boiled, stewed, fried, baked and grilled food intake. Conclusions We found no association between thermal food processing patterns and SIBO. Funding Sources The study was supported by Russian Scientific Foundation grant No. 19-76-30014.

This article makes an attempt to determine semantic and value distinctions of epic poems written by L. N. Tolstoy for pedagogical project &ldquo;Azbuka&rdquo; (an alphabet book) from authentic epic songs of the Russian people, as well as trace the influence of Tolstoy&rsquo;s interpretation upon the reception of epos in the Russian educates society of the late XIX century. Substituting the epic Niola with the titanic &ldquo;working man&rdquo; Mikula, Tolstoy corrects the original concept of the epic poem by counterpoising Svyatogor and Mikula Selyanovich, reflecting the social class conflict of aristocracy and the commoners. The poetic tale of Lev Tolsytoy &ldquo;Volga and Mikula&rdquo; presents his ideal of the peaceful worker, who does not resist the evil of the provider, and whose work and meekness hold the society together. This ideal advances the previously unfamiliar to Russian epic consciousness values: sacralization of agricultural work, avoidance of military life and governance of the state, as well as exclusive value of peasant origin. Tolstoy&rsquo;s image of the &ldquo;working man&rdquo; was received is chrestomathies of F, Buslaev and A. Galakhov, works of V. Avenarius, M. Vrubel, K. Balmont and N. Roerich.

In the article specifics of the vanguard phenomena in the Tatar poetry of 1960-s are revealed. On material of the analysis of the extensive case of works of R. Gatash, S. Khakeem, R. Fayzulin, Rob. Akhmetzyanov, etc. it is established that vanguard literature is created with adressing to the prepared reader and characterized by such lines as intellectuality and philosophicality. It is oppositional in relation to official ideology and reflects critical evaluation of the orders existing in the country by means of Aesopian language, expansion of semantic range of traditional images, uses of methods of symbolical typification. The typological community with “historical vanguard” in the Russian literature of the same period is revealed and processes of national and cultural identification of literary and art systems are characterized. Concepts “home ground”, “the people (nation)”, “our past” became the key categories of vanguard in the Tatar poetry of the middle of the XX century promoting creation of new contours of the literature.

STEAM-based learning is a global issue in early-childhood education practice. STEAM content becomes an integrative thematic approach as the main pillar of learning in kindergarten. This study aims to develop a conceptual and practical approach in the implementation of children's education by applying a modification from STEAM Learning to R-SLAMET. The research used a qualitative case study method with data collection through focus group discussions (FGD), involving early-childhood educator's research participants (n = 35), interviews, observation, document analysis such as videos, photos and portfolios. The study found several ideal categories through the use of narrative data analysis techniques. The findings show that educators gain an understanding of the change in learning orientation from competency indicators to play-based learning. Developing thematic play activities into continuum playing scenarios. STEAM learning content modification (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Math) to R-SLAMETS content (Religion, Science, Literacy, Art, Math, Engineering, Technology and Social study) in daily class activity. Children activities with R-SLAMETS content can be developed based on an integrative learning flow that empowers loose part media with local materials learning resources. Keyword: STEAM to R-SLAMETS, Early Childhood Education, Integrative Thematic Learning References Ali, E., Kaitlyn M, C., Hussain, A., & Akhtar, Z. (2018). the Effects of Play-Based Learning on Early Childhood Education and Development. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 7(43), 4682–4685. https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2018/1044 Ata Aktürk, A., & Demircan, O. (2017). A Review of Studies on STEM and STEAM Education in Early Childhood. Journal of Kırşehir Education Faculty, 18(2), 757–776. Azizah, W. A., Sarwi, S., & Ellianawati, E. (2020). 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European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 18(4), 555–566. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2010.525961 Clapp, E. P., Solis, S. L., Ho, C. K. N., & Sachdeva, A. R. (2019). Complicating STEAM: A Critical Look at the Arts in the STEAM Agenda. Encyclopedia of Educational Innovation, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2262-4_54-1 Colucci, L., Burnard, P., Cooke, C., Davies, R., Gray, D., & Trowsdale, J. (2017). Reviewing the potential and challenges of developing STEAM education through creative pedagogies for 21st learning: how can school curricula be broadened towards a more responsive, dynamic, and inclusive form of education? BERA Research Commission, August, 1–105. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22452.76161 Conradty, C., & Bogner, F. X. (2018). From STEM to STEAM: How to Monitor Creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 30(3), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2018.1488195 Conradty, C., & Bogner, F. X. (2019). From STEM to STEAM: Cracking the Code? How Creativity & Motivation Interacts with Inquiry-based Learning. Creativity Research Journal, 31(3), 284–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2019.1641678 Cook, K. L., & Bush, S. B. (2018). Design thinking in integrated STEAM learning: Surveying the landscape and exploring exemplars in elementary grades. School Science and Mathematics, 118(3–4), 93–103. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12268 Costantino, T. (2018). STEAM by another name: Transdisciplinary practice in art and design education. Arts Education Policy Review, 119(2), 100–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/10632913.2017.1292973 Danniels, E., & Pyle, A. (2018). Defining Play-based Learning. In Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development (Play-Based, Issue February, pp. 1–5). OISE University of Toronto. DeJarnette, N. K. (2018). Implementing STEAM in the Early Childhood Classroom. European Journal of STEM Education, 3(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.20897/ejsteme/3878 Dell’Erba, M. (2019). Policy Considerations for STEAM Education. 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Designing the Thematic Curriculum: An All Aspects Approach MDS-956. 97. Gess, A. H. (2019). STEAM Education. STEAM Education, November, 2011–2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04003-1 Gronlund, G. (n.d.). “ Addressing Standards through Play-Based Learning in Preschool and Kindergarten .” Gronlund, G. (2015). Planning for Play-Based Curriculum Based on Individualized Goals to Help Each Child Thrive in Preschool and Kindergarten Gaye Gronlund. Gull, C., Bogunovich, J., Goldstein, S. L., & Rosengarten, T. (2019). Definitions of Loose Parts in Early Childhood Outdoor Classrooms: A Scoping Review. The International Journal of Early Childhood Education, 6(3), 37–52. Hapidin, Pujianti, Y., Hartati, S., Nurani, Y., & Dhieni, N. (2020). The continuous professional development for early childhood teachers through lesson study in implementing play based curriculum (case study in Jakarta, Indonesia). International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 12(10), 17–25. Hennessey, P. (2016). Full – Day Kindergarten Play-Based Learning : Promoting a Common Understanding. Education and Early Childhood Development, April, 1–76. gov.nl.ca/edu Henriksen, D. (2017). Creating STEAM with Design Thinking: Beyond STEM and Arts Integration. Steam, 3(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5642/steam.20170301.11 Inglese, P., Barbera, G., La Mantia, T., On, P., Presentation, T., Reid, R., Vasa, S. F., Maag, J. W., Wright, G., Irsyadi, F. Y. Al, Nugroho, Y. S., Cutter-Mackenzie, A., Edwards, S., Moore, D., Boyd, W., Miller, E., Almon, J., Cramer, S. C., Wilkes-Gillan, S., … Halperin, J. M. (2014). Young Children’s Play and Environmental Education in Early Childhood Education. PLoS ONE, 2(3), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.1586/ern.12.106 Jacman, H. (2012). Early Education Curriculum. Pedagogical Development Unit, FEBRUARY 2011, 163. https://www.eursc.eu/Syllabuses/2011-01-D-15-en-4.pdf Jay, J. A., & Knaus, M. (2018). Embedding play-based learning into junior primary (Year 1 and 2) Curriculum in WA. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 43(1), 112–126. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2018v43n1.7 Kennedy, A., & Barblett, L. (2010). Supporting the Early Years Learning Framework. Research in Practise Series, 17(3), 1–12. Keung, C. P. C., & Cheung, A. C. K. (2019). Towards Holistic Supporting of Play-Based Learning Implementation in Kindergartens: A Mixed Method Study. Early Childhood Education Journal, 47(5), 627–640. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-019-00956-2 Keung, C. P. C., & Fung, C. K. H. (2020). Exploring kindergarten teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge in the development of play-based learning. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(2), 244–247. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1724656 Krogh, S., & Morehouse, P. (2014). The Early Childhood Curriculum : Inquiry Learning Through Integration. Liao, C. (2016). From Interdisciplinary to Transdisciplinary: An Arts-Integrated Approach to STEAM Education. Art Education, 69(6), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/00043125.2016.1224873 Lillard, A. S., Lerner, M. D., Hopkins, E. J., Dore, R. A., Smith, E. D., & Palmquist, C. M. (2013). The impact of pretend play on children’s development: A review of the evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 139(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029321 Maxwell, L. E., Mitchell, M. R., & Evans, G. W. (2008). Effects of Play Equipment and Loose Parts on Preschool Children’s Outdoor Play Behavior: An Observational Study and Design Intervention. Children, Youth and Environments, 18(2), 37–63. McLaughlin, T., & Cherrington, S. (2018). Creating a rich curriculum through intentional teaching. Early Childhood Folio, 22(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.18296/ecf.0050 Mengmeng, Z., Xiantong, Y., & Xinghua, W. (2019). Construction of STEAM Curriculum Model and Case Design in Kindergarten. American Journal of Educational Research, 7(7), 485–490. https://doi.org/10.12691/education-7-7-8 Milara, I. S., Pitkänen, K., Laru, J., Iwata, M., Orduña, M. C., & Riekki, J. (2020). STEAM in Oulu: Scaffolding the development of a Community of Practice for local educators around STEAM and digital fabrication. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 26, 100197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2020.100197 Moomaw, S. (2012). STEM Begins in the Early Years. School Science and Mathematics, 112(2), 57–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.2011.00119.x Peng, Q. (2017). Study on Three Positions Framing Kindergarten Play-Based Curriculum in China: Through Analyses of the Attitudes of Teachers to Early Linguistic Education. Studies in English Language Teaching, 5(3), 543. https://doi.org/10.22158/selt.v5n3p543 Pyle, A., & Bigelow, A. (2015). Play in Kindergarten: An Interview and Observational Study in Three Canadian Classrooms. Early Childhood Education Journal, 43(5), 385–393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-014-0666-1 Pyle, A., & Danniels, E. (2017). A Continuum of Play-Based Learning: The Role of the Teacher in Play-Based Pedagogy and the Fear of Hijacking Play. Early Education and Development, 28(3), 274–289. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2016.1220771 Quigley, C. F., Herro, D., & Jamil, F. M. (2017). Developing a Conceptual Model of STEAM Teaching Practices. School Science and Mathematics, 117(1–2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12201 Ridgers, N. D., Knowles, Z. R., & Sayers, J. (2012). Encouraging play in the natural environment: A child-focused case study of Forest School. Children’s Geographies, 10(1), 49–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2011.638176 Ridwan, A., Rahmawati, Y., & Hadinugrahaningsih, T. (2017). Steam Integration in Chemistry Learning for Developing 21st Century Skills. MIER Journail of Educational Studies, Trends & Practices, 7(2), 184–194. Rolling, J. H. (2016). Reinventing the STEAM Engine for Art + Design Education. Art Education, 69(4), 4–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/00043125.2016.1176848 Sancar-Tokmak, H. (2015). The effect of curriculum-generated play instruction on the mathematics teaching efficacies of early childhood education pre-service teachers. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 23(1), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2013.788315 Sawangmek, S. (2019). Trends and Issues on STEM and STEAM Education in Early Childhood. Képzés És Gyakorlat, 17(2019/3-4), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.17165/tp.2019.3-4.8 Science, A. I. (n.d.). STEM Project-Based Learning. Spencer, R., Joshi, N., Branje, K., Lee McIsaac, J., Cawley, J., Rehman, L., FL Kirk, S., & Stone, M. (2019). Educator perceptions on the benefits and challenges of loose parts play in the outdoor environments of childcare centres. AIMS Public Health, 6(4), 461–476. https://doi.org/10.3934/publichealth.2019.4.461 Taylor, J., Bond, E., & Woods, M. (2018). A Multidisciplinary and Holistic Introduction. Varun A. (2014). Thematic Approach for Effective Communication in Early Childhood Education Thematic Approach for effective communication in ECCE. International Journal of Education and Psychological Research (IJEPR), 3(3), 49–51. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289868193 Wang, X., Xu, W., & Guo, L. (2018). The status quo and ways of STEAM education promoting China’s future social sustainable development. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124417 Whitebread, D. D. (2012). The Importance of Play. Toy Industries of Europe, April, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2015.27.438-441 Wong, S. M., Wang, Z., & Cheng, D. (2011). A play-based curriculum: Hong Kong children’s perception of play and non-play. International Journal of Learning, 17(10), 165–180. https://doi.org/10.18848/1447-9494/cgp/v17i10/47298 Zosh, J. M., Hopkins, E. J., Jensen, H., Liu, C., Neale, D., Hirsh-Pasek, K., Whitebread, Solis, S. L., & David. (2017). Learning through play : a review of the evidence (Issue November). The LEGO Foundation.

<p>&nbsp;The motif of &ldquo;the escape from paradise&rdquo; has recently become one more time the subject of historical poetics. This motif is opposed to &ldquo;the expulsion from paradise&rdquo; accepted in Western literature. In the perception of scholars the motif of &ldquo;the escape from paradise&rdquo; in 19th century literature took a paradoxical form of &ldquo;loneliness&rdquo; (Dmitriev, Pushkin, Ostrovsky and Batyushkov) and then was designated as a &ldquo;moving&rdquo; model of a Russian man&rsquo;s life who escapes from Paradise&nbsp;&mdash; a &ldquo;homeostatic&rdquo; society (L.&nbsp;N.&nbsp;Gumilev). The transformation of the motif from a &ldquo;stable&rdquo; model to a &ldquo;moving&rdquo; one led to formation of a new Russian character&nbsp;&mdash; a &ldquo;homeless wanderer&rdquo; mentioned by F.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;Dostoevsky in his &ldquo;Pushkin Speech&rdquo;. The article puts forward a thesis that under the influence of wandering a part of Russian society feel inclined for Old Russian forms of world outlook that incites person&rsquo;s searches for life paradise in his own soul. This trend appears in the pilgrimage and theological literature of the 19th century. The transformation of the ratio between the &ldquo;stable&rdquo; and the &ldquo;moving&rdquo; towards the Old Russian ideal of wandering brings man to the saving paths of evangelical commandments. The theme of &ldquo;escape in the desert&rdquo; is closely related to the theme of &ldquo;Mental Paradise&rdquo;. In this regard, the key plot of the popular collection &ldquo;Mental Paradise&rdquo; popular in the 17th century and released in Wallay Iversky Monastery in 1658&ndash;1659 is considered. Based on the manuscripts the article shows how the motives of &ldquo;Paradise&rdquo; and &ldquo;escape in the desert&rdquo; having preceded the trends and having been developed in the 19th century leading to the prosperity of pilgrimage literature, are presented in literature of pre-Peter Russia.</p>

Zusammenfassung Obwohl die aktuelle Literatur nahelegt, dass sowohl die Wachstumsabsicht als auch innovative Strategien das Wachstum von Unternehmen beeinflussen, bleibt eine wichtige, aber theoretische und empirische Frage unbeantwortet: Ist Innovation der Grund f&#xFC;r Wachstum, ist die Absicht zu wachsen der Grund f&#xFC;r Wachstum oder ist Wachstum der Grund f&#xFC;r Innovation und die Ver&#xE4;nderung der Wachstumsabsicht? Um diese Frage &#xFC;ber Ursache(n) und Wirkung(en) zu kl&#xE4;ren, basiert vorliegende Studie auf einer repr&#xE4;sentativen Stichprobe von 20.472 jungen Unternehmen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass&#xA0;Produktinnovationen und organisatorische Innovationen das Umsatzwachstum beeinflussen, w&#xE4;hrend dies f&#xFC;r Prozessinnovationen nicht der Fall ist. Dar&#xFC;ber hinaus zeigen unsere Ergebnisse, dass jede Art von Innovation die Wachstumsabsicht beeinflusst und Mediationseffekte von Innovationen vorliegen. Abstract Although current literature informs that both growth intention and innovative strategies determine venture growth, we remain with an important, yet unresolved theoretical and empirical question: is innovation the reason for growth, is intention the reason for growth or is growth the reason for innovation and changing growth intention? To untangle this question, about the gaps between cause(s) and effect(s) we undertake a data analysis on a final sample size of 20,472 young firms. We tested three types of innovation types: product, process and organizational innovation; and measured growth through sales revenue growth. Our results show that product innovation and organizational innovation affect sales revenues growth, while process innovation does not. Further, our results show that each type of innovation influences growth intention, and mediating effects of innovation occur.

The article examines the chapter <i>Sergei Durov and Fyodor Dostoevsky</i> from the <i>Siberian Diary</i> of the Polish revolutionary Jozef Boguslavsky, who was confined in the Omsk prison at the same time as F. M. Dostoevsky. The <i>Siberian Diary</i> was included in <i>Polacy z Wilna i ze Żmudzi na zesłaniu. Pamiętniki Józefa Bogusławskiego i księdza Mateusza Wejta</i> (<i>Poles from Vilnius and Zemaitija in exile. The Memoirs of Jozef Boguslavsky and priest Mateusz Veit</i>). Some fragments of this book and other Polish sources were translated into Russian for the first time by the author of the article, including the recollections about Sergey Durov and Fyodor Dostoevsky. The interrelation between the <i>Siberian Diary</i> by Y. Boguslavsky, <i>Notes from a Dead House</i> by F. M. Dostoevsky, and S. Tokazhevsky’s <i>Seven Years of Hard Labor</i> and <i>The Convicts</i> is also analyzed in the paper.

The article examines the literary circumstances of F. M. Dostoevsky’s debut. They were reflected in the correspondence and memoirs, and in his contemporaries’ literary polemics. Dostoevsky was one of the few Russian writers who was awarded the title of genius by critics long before the publication of his first novel. Thus, the question of who had called him a genius emerges as relevant? For the first time this word was uttered by V. G. Belinsky, but neither he nor his associates declared Dostoevsky a genius in print. Rumors did it for them more effectively than the printed word. The rumor of “extraordinary talent” and “new genius” provoked the opponents of V. G. Belinsky: F. V. Bulgarin, O. I. Senkovsky, L. V. Brant, S. P. Shevyrev, etc. As they tried to convince readers of the mediocrity of the up-and-coming talent, they unwittingly made Dostoevsky a genius, presented his brilliance as a fact. Two years later, Belinsky abandoned his discovery of the genius of Dostoevsky, and called himself “a donkey squared”, yet the revision of the personal relationship did not affect the writer’s literary fate. The scandal and controversy over the novel The Poor Folk reinforced Dostoevsky’s fame.

One of the most important characteristics of the labour market is labour mobility that allows assessing the economic efficienc y o f labour . A comparativ e analysi s i s necessar y fo r determinin g th e degre e o f mobility . I n term s o f spatia l and sectoral characteristics, the paper assesses the degree and dynamics of mobility in the Russian labour market based on previously published studies, as well as the authors’ findings. To determine the degree of mobility, the research uses various approaches, applying both direct (mobility costs, transition matrices) and indirect indicators (structural unemployment, wage differentiation, unemployment rate, gross regional product (GRP)). The analysis uses the data of the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey — Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) and Federal State Statistic Service (Rosstat) for 2000– 2016. The obtained results demonstrate a relatively low intersectoral and interregional mobility in Russia compared to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Low intersectoral mobility may indicate weak exchangeability of the sectors and high mobility costs. The largest number of transitions is observed in trade, where employees do not need any specific knowledge. Generally, other transitions are made between related sectors that require similar knowledge from employees. The lowest intersectoral mobility is characteristic for the education and health sectors. According to the Shorrocks index, in Russia, interregional mobility is lower than intersectoral mobility. Low spatial mobility is explained by high migration costs, including those associated with “poverty traps”, the peculiarity of statistical accounting of migrants and the size of Russian regions. The obtained results are correct for the examined period and the applied criteria. The changes in labour mobility in Russia caused by global digitalisation of the economy and the transition to remote working require a separate study.

One of the most important characteristics of the labour market is labour mobility that allows assessing the economic efficienc y o f labour . A comparativ e analysi s i s necessar y fo r determinin g th e degre e o f mobility . I n term s o f spatia l and sectoral characteristics, the paper assesses the degree and dynamics of mobility in the Russian labour market based on previously published studies, as well as the authors’ findings. To determine the degree of mobility, the research uses various approaches, applying both direct (mobility costs, transition matrices) and indirect indicators (structural unemployment, wage differentiation, unemployment rate, gross regional product (GRP)). The analysis uses the data of the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey — Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) and Federal State Statistic Service (Rosstat) for 2000– 2016. The obtained results demonstrate a relatively low intersectoral and interregional mobility in Russia compared to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Low intersectoral mobility may indicate weak exchangeability of the sectors and high mobility costs. The largest number of transitions is observed in trade, where employees do not need any specific knowledge. Generally, other transitions are made between related sectors that require similar knowledge from employees. The lowest intersectoral mobility is characteristic for the education and health sectors. According to the Shorrocks index, in Russia, interregional mobility is lower than intersectoral mobility. Low spatial mobility is explained by high migration costs, including those associated with “poverty traps”, the peculiarity of statistical accounting of migrants and the size of Russian regions. The obtained results are correct for the examined period and the applied criteria. The changes in labour mobility in Russia caused by global digitalisation of the economy and the transition to remote working require a separate study.

The paper presents the results of a study of solid-phase equilibria in the Tb–Te system and the thermodynamic properties of terbium tellurides obtained by the methods of electromotive forces and X-ray diffraction analysis. Based on the experimental data, it was established that the TbTe, Tb2Te3, TbTe2 и TbTe3 compounds are formed in the system. For the investigations of the alloys from the two-phase regions TbTe3+Te, TbTe2+TbTe3, and Tb2Te3+TbTe2, the EMF of concentration cells relative to the TbTe electrode was measured. The EMF of concentration cells relative to the terbium electrode was measured for the TbTe+Tb2T3 region. The partial thermodynamic functions of TbTe and Tb in alloys were determined bycombining the EMF measurements of both types in the 300–450 K temperature range, based on which the standard thermodynamic functions of formation and standard entropies of the indicated terbium tellurides were calculated. References1. Jha A. R. 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The Internet of Things (IoT) is now experiencing its first phase of industrialization. Industrial companies are completing proofs of concept and many of them plan to invest in automation, flexibility and quality of production in their plants. Their use of a wireless network is conditioned upon its ability to meet three Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), namely a maximum acceptable end-to-end latency L, a targeted end-to-end reliability R and a minimum network lifetime T. The IoT network has to guarantee that at least R % of messages generated by sensor nodes are delivered to the sink with a latency ≤L, whereas the network lifetime is at least equal to T. In this paper, we show how to provide the targeted end-to-end reliability R by means of retransmissions to cope with the unreliability of wireless links. We present two methods to compute the maximum number of transmissions per message required to achieve R. M F a i r is very easy to compute, whereas M O p t minimizes the total number of transmissions necessary for a message to reach the sink. M F a i r and M O p t are then integrated into a TSCH network with a load-based scheduler to evaluate the three KPIs on a generic data-gathering application. We first consider a toy example with eight nodes where the maximum number of transmissions M a x T r a n s is tuned per link and per flow. Finally, a network of 50 nodes, representative of real network deployments, is evaluated assuming M a x T r a n s is fixed. For both TSCH networks, we show that M O p t provides a better reliability and a longer lifetime than M F a i r , which provides a shorter average end-to-end latency. M O p t provides more predictable end-to-end performances than Kausa, a KPI-aware, state-of-the-art scheduler.

Academicians A. Y. Krymsky and V. A. Gordlevsky are important figures in the history of Russian classical orientalism and Arab-Muslim studies, in particular the Moscow and Kiev centers of Oriental studies, especially in the field of academic turkology, Ottoman, Arab and Iranian studies, as well as the public life of the Russian Empire and the USSR. They are widely known in the history of humanities in modern Russian Federation and Ukraine. Currently, we are conducting the search, study, systematization and publication of the correspondence by outstanding arabist, semitologist, turkologist, Iranian and Slavic studies scholar A. Y. Krymsky with leading Russian orientalists V. R. Rosen, V. V. Bartold, P. K. Kokovtsov, F. E. Korsch, V. A. Zhukovsky, S. F. Oldenburg, I. Y.Krachkovsky, Н.А. Mednikov, V. A. Gordlevsky, B. V. Miller, V. F. Minorsky and other scholars during the period of 1890s to 1930s. The article is devoted to a brief overview of the activities of A. Y. Krymsky and V. A. Gordlevsky at the Lazarev Institute of Oriental languages (1898 –1918) and their extant personal correspondence. The main attention is paid to the publication of two extant letters, both previously unknown in the history of Russian Turkology and Orientalism, written by V. A. Gordlevsky from Konya (Turkey) to A. Y. Krymsky, from the collections of the Institute of Manuscripts of V.I. Vernadsky Scientific Library of Ukraine (Kiev). This library contains two letters by V. A. Gordlevsky to Professor A. Y. Krymsky from a pre-Revolution period (dated November 7, 1906 and April 20, 1909), both published in this paper

ABSTRACT In 1997, the Russian tanker Nakhodka, weighing 13,157 tons, sank off in the Japan Sea reportedly causing an oil spill. The oil spill had a serious impact on the shoreline environment. The purpose of this poster is to present a method to estimate the number of workers needed to clean the shoreline with maximum efficiency and minimum redundancy. In this study the parameters of manual oil removal are estimated and the framework in which those parameters work is explained. The results show that the amount of oil removed in a day correlates with the cumulative amount of oil removed up to that day and the number of people engaged in cleaning up on that day. The equation predicting the amount of oil is: S = 13.4827 E − 0.03874 C + 38458.1525 R2 = 0.918, F (2,34) = 192.28,p&lt;0.01where S = the amount of oil removed in a day (liter), E = the number of people engaged in cleaning up on that day, C = the cumulative amount of oil removed up to that day (liter), R = correlation coefficient, F = degree of freedom. With this equation, the total amount of stranded oil that can be collected on a certain day and the number of people necessary to remove the spilled oil at the most efficient rate can be estimated. One can also calculate the optimal number of workers for the task.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the existing ideas about Russian literature in Britain at the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries. A brief overview of the advancement of works by Russian classics among British readers is given. The spread of Russian literature in Britain had been progressing slowly for a long time due to the difficulty in translation and the lack of interest in Russia and Russian culture. However, at the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries, the situation changed in the British literary community. This period saw a plethora of publications of translations of Russian fiction that were accomplished by professional translators, Slavonic scholars, and writers. These translations appeared in periodicals and other print formats. The article provides an overview of the translation of works of F. M. Dostoevsky, L. N. Tolstoy, A. P. Chekhov, who have become the most understandable and accessible to the English mentality. It happened thanks to such outstanding translators as C. Garnett, Aylmer and Louise Maude, S. S. Koteliansky (who worked in collaboration with V. Woolf, J. M. Murry), R. E. C. Long and others. Having gained access to high-quality translations of Russian classics, British writers began to study their works in greater detail. The British saw the influence of English and European writers (W. Shakespeare, Ch. Dickens, J.-J. Rousseau, J. W. Goethe, V. Hugo, etc.), e.g., in F. M. Dostoevsky’s works. However, later the Russian influence could also be felt in the Western novel, modifying it. There is an opinion that the works of A. P. Chekhov, translated by Garnett, changed the English short story, making it exactly as we know it. V. Woolf, J. Joyce, B. Shaw, J. Galsworthy, A. Bennett and others admired the depth, style, and language of Russian writers. Translation of works of great Russian authors facilitated the flow of information about Russia and expanded the Brit’s view on the country and its people. It once again confirms the existence of mutual cultural exchange between the two countries from a historical perspective. It can be argued that, despite all the complexities of the relationship, the mutual influence of the literatures of the two countries is quite significant.

Researchers are still raising questions related to the time and place of shooting of certain portraits in the scarce photographic iconography of F. M. Dostoevsky. First of all, this pertains to a set of early photographs, whose dating ranges between 1857 and 1863, according to various sources. The article offers new arguments in favor of attributing several portraits of F. M. Dostoevsky to 1859. This refers to photographs that captured an image of F. M. Dostoevsky that is unusual for most of his admirers, namely, without a beard. Two of them were taken in Semipalatinsk by the photographer S. A. Leibin, while in one of them F. M. Dostoevsky was captured together with the Kazakh educator Ch. Ch. Valikhanov, whom he befriended during the years of his exile. Another photo has not been precisely attributed. A comprehensive analysis of the details depicted on them, the facts of the biography of Ch. Ch. Valikhanov and the letters of F. M. Dostoevsky allows to date the Semipalatisk photographs with greater accuracy. The article proposes that another one of the portraits taken in Tver was carried out simultaneously with the shooting of the portrait of M. M. Dostoevsky. A comprehensive examination of various details and circumstances also leads to the same conclusions. To date, only a few copies of photographs with Ch. Ch. Valikhanov and a photograph allegedly taken in Tver are known. The original solitary portrait made in Semipalatinsk has been lost. The conducted research allows to assert that other copies of these photographs may exist. The proposed conclusions are made on the basis of a study of the originals of photographs in the collection of The V. I. Dahl State Museum of the History of Russian Literature.

AbstractFollowing the first demonstration of a levitated nanosphere cooled to the quantum ground state in 2020 (U. Delić, et al. Science, vol. 367, p. 892, 2020), macroscopic quantum sensors are seemingly on the horizon. The nanosphere’s large mass as compared to other quantum systems enhances the susceptibility of the nanoparticle to gravitational and inertial forces. In this viewpoint, we describe the features of experiments with optically levitated nanoparticles (J. Millen, T. S. Monteiro, R. Pettit, and A. N. Vamivakas, “Optomechanics with levitated particles,” Rep. Prog. Phys., vol. 83, 2020, Art no. 026401) and their proposed utility for acceleration sensing. Unique to the levitated nanoparticle platform is the ability to implement not only quantum noise limited transduction, predicted by quantum metrology to reach sensitivities on the order of 10−15 ms−2 (S. Qvarfort, A. Serafini, P. F. Barker, and S. Bose, “Gravimetry through non-linear optomechanics,” Nat. Commun., vol. 9, 2018, Art no. 3690) but also long-lived quantum spatial superpositions for enhanced gravimetry. This follows a global trend in developing sensors, such as cold-atom interferometers, that exploit superposition or entanglement. Thanks to significant commercial development of these existing quantum technologies, we discuss the feasibility of translating levitated nanoparticle research into applications.

A c t u a l i t y . The role of “patient experience” in assessing quality of medical services is growing as a global trend to value-based healthcare. Currently, only 11% of the Russian population positively assess the quality of medical services. Federal law No. 256-FZ requires all public healthcare providers to conduct an independent assessment of the provision of services, but 44% of organizations do not have such assessment, that can be caused by methodological and organizational reasons. P u r p o s e o f t h e s t u d y to evaluate the prospects for digital improvement of measuring patient satisfaction using distributed ledger technology. To analyze the literature on the topic of independent assessment of the quality of services provided by medical organizations; to analyze modern approaches to assessing patient satisfaction with healthcare providers; to assess the opportunities of improving the processes and results of satisfaction assessment using distributed ledger technology. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . To achieve the purpose, the authors analyzed numerous relevant Russian and foreign sources of literature. Literature review was carried out across scientific libraries as eLIBRARY, PubMed by key words. The search in open sources in Google and Yandex was used. R e s u l t s . The complexity of “patient experience” measurement, biased assessment, ambiguity of the results obtained and the difficulty of correct interpretation require more transparent methods of measuring the value of healthcare. A decentralized platform based on distributed ledge technology may become one of the possible solutions to the problem of objective assessment of patients ‘ satisfaction with the quality of medical services. Such approach allows to form an objective dynamic multi-factor rating of processes and all other components of healthcare services. Conclusion. The existing mechanisms for independent assessment of the quality of medical services need to be improved. Confidence in the results of the patient satisfaction measurement is one of core requirement. To make managerial decision evidence-based, it is important to evaluate the processes and patient experience along with results of healthcare services. Distributed ledger technology implemented as a dynamic multi-factor rating platform can be a logical solution for improving the quality of services and could become a part of a comprehensive IT ecosystem based on value-based approach.

Эндофуллерены, содержащие один или несколько атомов металла внутри углеродного каркаса (металлофуллерены), представляют большой практический интерес в связи с возможностью создания на их основе эффективных контрастирующих агентов для магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ), антиоксидантных и противораковых средств. Данные соединения могут быть также использованы в спинтронике для создания наноразмерных электронных устройств. В настоящей работе в рамках теории функционала плотности произведен расчет структурных, электронных и термодинамических характеристик эндофуллеренов металлов подгруппы скандия с числом инкапсулированных атомов от одного до семи в газовой фазе. Описаны стабильные структуры с симметриямиCs, C2, C3 и Ci, соответствующие позициям, занимаемым атомами металла внутри каркаса фуллерена. Установлен теоретический предел числа атомов металла, при котором структура эндофуллерена сохраняет устойчивость – шесть атомов для скандия, четыре для иттрия и три для лантана. Расчет показывает, что наиболее устойчивыми являются структуры с двумя и тремя инкапсулированными атомами. Описана зависимость между числом инкапсулированных атомов металла и характером распределения электронной плотности. Общий заряд на инкапсулированном металлическом кластере положителен для соединений Me@C60 – Me3@C60, слабо положителен для Me4@C60(отдельные атомы имеют отрицательный заряд) и отрицателен для соединений Me5C60 – Me6@C60. Описан эффект спиновой утечки для структур с основным дублетным спиновым состоянием. Для соединений с тремя и более инкапсулированными атомами данный эффект незначителен, что указывает на нецелесообразность создания контрастирующих агентов для МРТ на их основе. ЛИТЕРАТУРА 1. Kroto H. W., Heath J. R., O’Brien S. C., Curl R. F., Smalley R. E. C60: Buckminsterfullerene. Nature.1985;318(6042): 162–163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/318162a02. Kratschmer W., Lamb L. D., Fostiropoulos K., Huffman D. R. Solid C60: a new form of carbon. 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Исследована адсорбция аниона серина на гладком Pt и Pt(Pt)-электроде. Методом кривых заряжения получены стационарные и кинетические изотермы адсорбции. Установлено, что как на гладком, так и Pt(Pt)-электроде, кинетика исследуемых процессов подчиняется уравнению Рогинского-Зельдовича, а стационарное заполнение описывается изотермой Темкина. При этом адсорбция аниона серина на Pt(Pt) сопровождается диссоциацией адсорбата. Найдены основные термодинамические характеристики (константа адсорбционного и изменение свободной энергии Гиббса) процесса адсорбции аниона серина на обоих электродах. ЛИТЕРАТУРА Damaskin B., Petrii A. O., and Batrakar V.Adsorption of Organic Compounds on Electrodes. Plenum Press, New York, 1973. Sobkowski J., Juzkiewics-Herbish M. Metall/Solution Interface: an Experimental Approach, Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry, no. 31. Eds. by J. O¢ Bockris, R. E. White and B. E. Conway. Plenum Press, New York, London, 1997, p. 1. Frumkin A. N. 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This article is devoted to the presentation of the views of foreign philosophers on the problem of spiritual identity and national identity of Russia. The factors that influenced the formation of the worldview of thinkers, historical conditions, as well as identified theoretical, conceptual sources of authors, representatives of foreign philosophy are characterized. The concepts of spiritual identity and national identity of Russia in the works of foreign philosophers are analyzed.The works of the most famous contemporary foreign authors, who primarily develop socio-philosophical and philosophical-political aspects of the Russian national identity, are examined: Z. Brzezinski, R. Pipes, J. P. Scanlan, A. Toynbee, F. Fukuyama, S. Huntington.An analysis of the concepts of Western philosophical Russian studies shows that the key tendency of modern foreign doctrines about Russia is a fundamental refusal to reveal the moment of universality of the idea of Russia. The very need for philosophy, i.e. in the logic and dialectics of the history of Russia is considered not from the standpoint of the reasonable necessity of the concept, but from the point of view of the abstract rational randomness of the empirical phenomena of the historical existence of Russian society and state. The author comes to the conclusion that all the special concepts of the idea of Russia contain a dialectical contradiction and can remove it only in its own logical selfdenial. The latter should become the beginning of a reasonable and integral paradigm of the philosophical understanding of Russia in world history.

Представлены результаты исследования пленок сульфидов кадмия и свинца, осажденных методом пиролиза аэрозоля из водных растворов тиомочевинно-тиосульфатных координационных соединений при температуре 400 °С. Исследование ТТКС показало, что в водных растворах, содержащих нитрат кадмия, тиосульфат натрия и тиомочевину с разными молярными соотношениями компонентов, образуются координационные соединения [Cd(SCN2H4)2(bi-S2O3)], а в соответ ствующих по составу растворах нитрата свинца формируются комплексы [Pb(SCN2H4)(bi-S2O3)(H2O)]. Методом инфракрасной спектроскопии установлено, что при образовании смешанных ТТКС свинца, а также кадмия, осуществляется монодентатная координация тиомочевины к катиону металла через атом серы, а тиосульфат-ион координируется бидентатно через серу и кислород. С помощью рентгенофазового анализа установлено, что независимо от соотношения компонентов в исходномрастворе пленки сульфида кадмия кристаллизуются в модификации вюртцита, а пленки сульфида свинца – в кубической структуре. Определена оптическая ширина запрещенной зоны синтезированных пленок, составляющая 2.4±0.01 эВ для сульфида кадмия и 0.50–0.56 эВ для сульфида свинца REFERENCES Semenov V. N., Naumov A. V. Protsessy napravlennogo sinteza plenok sul’fidov metallov iz tiokarbamidnykh koordinatsionnykh soedineniy [Processes of the directed synthesis of metal sulfi de fi lms from thiocarbamide coordination compounds]. Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Chemistry. Biology. Pharmacy, 2000, no. 2, pp. 50–55. (in Russ.) Semenov V. N., Naumov A. V. Thermal decomposition of cadmium thiourea coordination compounds. Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2001, v. 71(4), pp. 495–499. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012306512566 Tuhtaev R. K., Boldyrev, V. V., Gavrilov A. I., Larionov S. V., Mjachina L. I., Savel’eva Z. A. Sintez sul’fi dov metallov iz serosoderzhashchikh kompleksnykh soedineniy metodom samorasprostranyayushchegosya goreniya [Synthesis of metal sulfi des from sulfur-containing complex compounds by self-propagating combustion]. Inorganic Materials, 2002, v. 38(10), pp. 1173–1180. (in Russ.) Markov V. F., Maskaeva L. N., Ivanov P. N. Gidrohimicheskoe osazhdenie plenok sul’fi dov metallov: modelirovanie i jeksperiment [Hydrochemical deposition of metal sulfi de fi lms: modeling and experiment]. Ekaterinburg, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 2006, 217 p. (in Russ.) Semenov V. N., Vlasenko N. V. Protsessy kompleksoobrazovaniya v sistemakh tiomochevina – kadmieva sol’ kislorodsoderzhashchey kisloty [Complexation processes in the systems of thiourea – cadmium salt of oxygen-containing acid]. Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, v. 37(4), pp. 929–933. (in Russ.) Ugaj Ja. A., Semenov V. N., Averbah E. M., Shamsheeva I. L. 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The article examines the semantic and axiological foundations of «Fly, fly, cuckoo» – the most popular work of Chuvash song folklore. The purpose of the work is to establish the history of the song from the moment of the first recording and analyze its professional processing. The author practices a short generalized description of the most characteristic features of each artistic treatment. This approach allows to clearly feel the individual handwriting of each composer. The research results are based on comparison and generalization methods. The melody of this song inspired the Chuvash and Russian composers to create works of different genres: vocal, choral, instrumental. It is unique in terms of the number of adaptations: there are more than 30 of them – so often composers did not pay attention to any Chuvash song. The article discusses the most vivid and characteristic examples of processing the melody of a song. The author analyzes the works of S. M. Maksimov, A. G. Orlov-Shuzm, G. Khirbyu, A. Petrov, G. Anchikov, V. Bely and others. The inclusion in the educational process of such examples of folk art as the song «Fly, fly, cuckoo», and works created on this topic, contributes to an increase in the level of musical culture, the formation of respect for indigenous peoples and their traditions.

Методом импедансной спектроскопии исследованы протонпроводящие свойства полисурьмяной кислоты (ПСК), допированной ионами ванадия. Для твердых растворов состава H2Sb2–xVxO6·nH2O, кристаллизующихся в структурном типе пирохлора (пр. гр. симм. Fd3m), показано, что увеличение количества ванадия в образце приводит к росту удельной протонной проводимости, которая для крайнего твердого раствора замещения H2Sb1.52V0.48O6·nH2O составляет 66 мСм/м. Из анализа данных диэлектрической спектроскопии при температурах 218–298 К определена энергия активации проводимости, которая составила 30±2 КДж/моль. Предложен механизм протонного транспорта, согласно которому в допированных ионами ванадия ПСК проводимость осуществляется посистеме водородных связей, образованных молекулами воды, расположенными в гексагональных каналах структуры типа пирохлора, и анионами кислорода октаэдра, формирующего каркас структуры REFERENCES Stenina I. A., Yaroslavtsev A. B. 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Vliyanie otnositel’noy vlazhnosti na protonnuyu provodimost’ polisur’myanykh kislot, dopirovannykh ionami vanadiya [Effect of relative humidity on the proton conductivity of poly-antimony acids doped with vanadium ions]. “Physico-chemical processes in condensed media and interphase boundaries” (FAGRAN-2018)”, materials of the 8th All-Russian Conference with international participation, October 8–11, 2018, Voronezh, pp. 524–525. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item. asp?id=36837531. (in Russ.) Malyshkina I. A., Makhaeva E. E., Gavrilova N. D., Khokhlov A. R. Peculiarities of low-frequency dielectric dispersion in polymer networks based on poly(methacrylic acid). Polymer science. Series A, 2000, v. 42(8), pp. 325–328. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item. asp?id=13345750 Kleschev D. G. Mekhanizm fazovykh prevrashcheniy pri termolize gidrata pen-taoksida v intervale 470–730 K [The mechanism of phase transformations during thermolysis of pentoxide hydrate in the range of 470–730 K]. 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Opredelenie dielektricheskikh parametrov keramiki na osnove dispersii kompleksnogo elektricheskogo modulya [Determination of dielectric parameters of ceramics based on the dispersion of a complex electrical module]. Vestnik VSU, Series of Physics, Mathematics, 2003, no. 2, pp. 67–71. URL: http://www.vestnik.vsu.ru/pdf/physmath/2003/02/pitanov.pdf. (in Russ.) Moti Ram, Chakrabarti S. Dielectric and modulus behavior of LiFe1/2Ni1/2VO4 ceramics. Phys. Chem. Solids, 2008, v. 69(4), pp. 905–912. https://org.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2007.10.008 Pet’Kov V. I., Sukhanov M. V., Shipilov A. S., Kurazhkovskaya V. S., Borovikova E. Y., Pinus I. Y., Yaroslavtsev A. B. Synthesis and properties of LiZr2(AsO4)3 and LiZr2(AsO4) x (PO4)3–x. Mater., 2014, v. 50(3), pp. 263–272. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168514030091 Krasnov A. G., Piir I. V., Sekushin N. A., Baklanova Y. V., Denisova T. A. Electrophysical properties of bismuth titanates with the pyrochlore structure Bi1.6Mx Ti2O7–d (M = In, Li). 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The concept of mediatization in modern social sciences leads to a new understanding of the role of media in society and culture. Within the framework of this concept, media appears not as an intermediary between society, its culture and socially significant information, but as a structural element of society and culture itself (T. Adorno, M. Castells, N. Couldry, S. Hjarvard, F. Krotz, S. Livingstone, W. Lippmann, N. Luhmann, 1. McLuhan, P. Lazarsfeld, R. Merton, K. Popper, S. Zizek). The relevance of our study is due to the urgent need to investigate the effects of mediatization associated with its increasingly global nature. We hypothesise that in the process of mediatization of culture in the space of any national media discourse a new type of culture is created - media culture. The aim of this study is to show the formation of media culture on the example of the Russian language media discourse in Kazakhstan. The research is based on the linguistic concept of precedence (Yu.N. Karaulov, V.G. Kostomarov, D.B. Gudkov, V.V. Krasnykh) and the modern understanding of the typology of culture in Russian philosophy (N.B. Kirillova, V.V. Mironov and etc.). The study pursues the following goals: to identify precedent phenomena, which we define as minimized texts of culture, in the headers of the most widely circulated Russian language publications in Kazakhstan; to analyse precedent onyms associated with the classical (elitist) or mass culture; to consider phraseological units as markers of popular culture. On the basis of the analysis of precedents and phraseological units used in the dominant positions of the Russian language media discourse in Kazakhstan, we conclude that media culture is formed in the process of mediatization of elite, mass and folk culture through precedents and phraseological units. Media culture is a special, integral type of modern culture that combines elements of all types of cultures (elite, mass and folk) and is replicated through mass media in society. It consolidates society on the basis of general media knowledge.

The death of Prof. R. Martin Harrrison in September 1992 only a fortnight after the completion of a successful fifth season at Amorium was a serious blow and a sad loss to the Amorium Project. Without his drive and enthusiasm it was difficult at times, especially during the winter of 1992/93, to see how the excavations could be continued. It is, therefore, a major achievement in itself that work resumed in the following summer, and that a report on the findings can be presented here.The sixth season of excavations at Amorium lasted from 26th July until 3rd September during which time digging was carried out at four separate locations (Fig. 1). A further six days were spent conducting a regional survey on behalf of the Ministry of Culture as part of a larger scheme to collate and register sites and antiquities throughout the whole of Turkey. The team comprised Dr. C. S. Lightfoot (Director), Dr. E. A. Ivison (Sub-Director and Byzantinist), Dr. M. H. Ballance (Epigrapher), K. L. Barker (Conservator), L. S. Bown (Ceramicist), Dr. M. A. V. Gill (Glass Specialist), P. M. Cox, S. Farid, N. Mestci, I. Sjöström-Welsby and R. E. Turnbull (Archaeologists), S. F. Young (Student Assistant) and O. Kızılkılıç (Accountant). Four students from the Department of Archaeology and History of Art at Bilkent University also took part in the excavations: they were Mercan Araydin, Deniz Atilla Mustafa Eren and Tuğba Tanyeri. The government representative was Mrs. Jale Dedeoğlu from the İzmir Archaeological Museum.

The modern political history of the Russian Far East is poorly covered in English language historiography. Of the last 30 years, Western experts subjected to a certain analysis the period of the 1990searly 2000s, when the Russian society underwent rapid transformations. Their scientific comprehension practically went in real time, that imposed restrictions on the formulation of problems, the depth of their analysis, the sources used. The issue of the power transformation in the Far East is considered mainly within the framework of the concept of center-peripheral relations. The works of R. Valliant, F. Chang, S. Davis, and others reveals Moscow's policy to control the region and tactics of regional leaders trying to reduce this control. The authors describe such relations in close connection with the development of federalism in the RF and its “asymmetry”. The publications reflect the evolution of the regional political elite, the change of types of governors – from “humanitarians” to “industrialists” and representatives of political parties, describe the political portraits of the Far Eastern governors, much attention is paid to the criminalization of power (R. Orttung, etc.). A special type of regional power is highlighted by experts in connection with the victory of three “resource oligarchs” in the 2000 gubernatorial elections, including R. Abramovich in Chukotka, that is estimated in the publications as an “administrative revolution”, the transition to corporate governance, in which all branches of power in the region are concentrated in the hands of representatives of a large resource corporation (N. Thompson, D. Anderson).

Autophagy, the major lysosomal degradation pathway in the cell plays a key role in the maintenance of metabolism, healthy mitochondria and limits reactive oxygen species, thus keeping the genome and proteome healthy. We demonstrated that erythroblasts rely on mitophagy as they differentiate into erythrocytes 1 and that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) require autophagy to survive and repopulate a new hematopoietic system 2. Genetic ablation of Atg7 in the hematopoietic system, which encodes a component of the autophagy system, resulted in a pre-leukemic phenotype, which predicted low autophagic flux found in blasts from patients with acute myeloid leukemia 3. Most recently, our studies indicate that autophagy provides free fatty acids for neutrophil differentiation by degrading lipid droplets 4. However, it is not clear what is degraded by autophagy in HSCs or whether autophagy is required to provide building blocks to the HSC and what the nature of these building blocks is. We are currently addressing this by using state-of-the-art in vivo techniques, and I will report our findings in my presentation. 1 Mortensen, M., Ferguson, D. J., Edelmann, M., Kessler, B., Morten, K. J., Komatsu, M. & Simon, A. K. Loss of autophagy in erythroid cells leads to defective removal of mitochondria and severe anemia in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107, 832-837, doi:10.1073/pnas.0913170107 (2010). 2 Mortensen, M., Soilleux, E. J., Djordjevic, G., Tripp, R., Lutteropp, M., Sadighi-Akha, E., Stranks, A. J., Glanville, J., Knight, S., Jacobsen, S. E., Kranc, K. R. & Simon, A. K. The autophagy protein Atg7 is essential for hematopoietic stem cell maintenance. J Exp Med 208, 455-467, doi:10.1084/jem.20101145 (2011). 3 Watson, A. S., Riffelmacher, T., Stranks, A., Williams, O., De Boer, J., Cain, K., MacFarlane, M., McGouran, J., Kessler, B., Khandwala, S., Chowdhury, O., Puleston, D., Phadwal, K., Mortensen, M., Ferguson, D., Soilleux, E., Woll, P., Jacobsen, S. E. & Simon, A. K. Autophagy limits proliferation and glycolytic metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia. Cell Death Discov 1, doi:10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.8 (2015). 4 Riffelmacher, T., Clarke, A., Richter, F. C., Stranks, A., Pandey, S., Danielli, S., Hublitz, P., Yu, Z. R., Johnson, E., Schwerd, T., McCullagh, J., Uhlig, H., Jacobsen, S. E. W. & Simon, A. K. Autophagy-Dependent Generation of Free Fatty Acids Is Critical for Normal Neutrophil Differentiation. Immunity 47, 466-480, doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2017.08.005 (2017). Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Abstract Since 1987 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] the global jet engine community is facing the historical fact that jet engine steering is gradually replacing canards and the common, often dangerous and obsolete, aerodynamic-only flight control – a fact that (i) has already affected the defense-industrial complex in the US, Russia, China, Japan, S-Korea and India, (ii) has integrated the traditional jet-engine components R&D with advanced aero-electro-physics, stealth technology, thrust vectoring aerodynamics and material science. Moreover, this military revolution is historically due to expand into the civil transport jets domain, [6, 7, 8, 9]. The historical aim of the JES-Revolution remains the same: Replace the common, stall-spin sensitive canards [6] and Aerodynamic-Only-Obsolete-Flight Control (“AOOF Control”). Invented about 100 years ago for propeller-driven air vehicles, it has already been partially replaced for failure to function in WVR-combat post-stall domain, and for the following reasons: In comparison with complete Tail-Less, Canard-Less, Stealth-JES (Figure 5 and References [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]), the common AOOF Control increases drag, weight, fuel consumption, complexity, cost, and reduces flight safety, stealth, [Low Detectability] and provides zero post-stall, WVR air combat capability while its CANARDS KILL LD & REDUCE JES. Examples of stealth fighter aircraft that have already replaced canards and AOOF-Control where JES provides at least 64 to 0 KILL-RATIO advantage over AOOF-Controlled conventional fighter aircraft: The U.S. JES F-22 and, apparently, the Russian JES-Su-T-50 & 35S, China 2016-J-31, Indian HAL AMCA & FGFA, Japanese JES IHHI ATD-X, S-Korean JES KF-X. Cf. X-44 in Figure 5. Consequently, the jet engine is no longer defined as providing only brute force forward. Instead, it successfully competes with and wins over the wrong, dominating AOOF-Control, at least as a backup flight control whose sole factual domain is currently a well-established, primary flight controller RE any post-stall, super-agility, [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9].

Aim . To estimate the infl uence of contemporary climatic changes to the forming of the cereal crops productivity ( winter wheat and corn ) depending on the adaptive measures system ( fertilizer , cultivating , crop rotation type) in the agrocenoses of the Central Left - Bank Ukraine ’s Forest- Steppe. Methods . On the basis of long - term ( 35 -40 years ) investigations in the multifactor stationary fi eld experience, the dynamics of the cereal crops productiv- ity depending on cultivation , crop rotation type and fertilizer has been analyzed. The infl uence of meteorologica l indices on the nature of a trends’ temporal movement in the cereal crops productivity has been modeled . Results . The effective use of an excess heat resource is connected to the introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers sub- ject to different cultivation methods in various crop rotation type s. For the crop rotation with the perennial grass at treatment with 6 t / ha of manure and average dose of fertilizers, the productivity of winter wheat, independent of the cultivation method, was 4.69 t / ha , barley – 4. 54 t/ h a ; whereas du ring 20 01−201 0 due to rep lacement of man ure wit h sid e-li n e pro ducts – 4.21 and 3 .37 t/ha r e sp ectively, i.e. , less by 0. 48 and 1 .17 t/ha. T he p rodu ctivity of sp rin g barle y, as co mpa red to th e m anur e treatment period, has reduced in av erage by 0. 66 t/ha, o r by 23 .8 per cent; along side, it re mained highe st at th e d eep subsu rface loose ning of so il. Ret ur n from the a ppli ed ferti lizers prove d to be highe r by 12 3 p er c ent independent of the m etho d of tr eat ing the s oil. In fi ve- plot pea-i ncluding crop rotation the a vera ge produ ctivity of wi nte r wheat in 2 001− 2010 d ecre a sed by 1.0 9 t /ha, o r by 20 per c ent. The mo st c onsiderable reduct ion in the grain productivity has b een fi xed at bot h the su bsur face and su rfac e loosen ing of soi l. As f or the cr op r otation with t he pe renn ial grass, on t he contrary, a mo re c onsiderable drop i n the produc tiv- ity was at plo ugh ing (-0.59 t/ha). T he co rn p roductivity in the cr op r otation with t he pe renn ial grass grew a t var i- ous cultivation methods by 1.7 1 t /ha a v e ra ge, and in the pe a-in cluding crop rotation – by 1 .9 5 t /ha. C o nc lu sions. Exce ss heat r esource during 2001−2 013 in cond iti ons of the Left-Ba nk U k raine ’s Forest- S teppe z one ant icipa tes in raisi ng tempos the forecast scenario s of the c limatic change until 20 25 and need s t he intr oduc tion of the a daptive agricult ure system: the ap pl icat ion of diffe rin g-depth c u ltivat ing for the cher nozems with the prec ise following of the p ostharv est cultivat ion technological operatio ns in the s umm er-a utumn p eriod t ogether with the simu ltan eous basic au tumn t reatmen t with both organic and mine ral fertilizers, however, without the basi c d o se tre atmen t with the mineral fertilizers for spri ng c ultivat ion, and al so app lying of green -ma nured fallows in the s tru ctur e of plant ed areas. U nder th e cont empo rary conditio ns, the clim atic change, in par ti cular, an inc re ase in the t emperat ure in the c ent er p art of the L eft-Ban k Uk r aine’ s Forest-Steppe favorabl y affects an incre ase in the p roducti vity of the e xist- ing hybrids of corn, wh erea s the desc endi ng general trend ha s been observed during entire e xplorat ion period for the wint er w heat an d barl ey p roductivity because of an incre ase in the t emperat ure of air t o t he c rit ical values i n the p eri od o f earin g a nd grai n po uring. The ex c e ss h eat res ource is effectively used by the cont emp o rary middle- and of l ate- ri p enin g corn hybrids, for wh ic h th e cond itio ns of optim um soil and atmo sphe ric moist ure supply in the “win dbu r n” are created period of arden t a nd wint er e ar crop s. That contrib u tes to the g rowth o f thei r pr oducti vity.

Методом центрифугирования сформированы пленки наноразмерного диапазона толщины (лазерная, спектральная эллипсометрия) системы Y2O3–Fe2O3 на монокристаллическом InP из нитратного раствора. Состав пленок, выращенных без отжига - YFe2O4; отожженных термически при 200 °С – YFe2O4, Fe2O3 с примесью Fe3O4; прошедших импульсную фотонную обработку (50 Дж/см2, 0.4 с) и термооксидирование (450–550 °С, время 10–60 мин) – YFe2O4 и YFeO3. Отжиг с последующим термооксидированием способствует уменьшению размера зерен на поверхности выращенной пленки, но увеличивает среднюю шероховатость. Импульсная фотонная обработка обусловливает повышенную неровность поверхности гетероструктуры. ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯРабота выполнена при поддержке грантаРФФИ №18-03-00354 а. REFERENCES Zvezdin A. K., Logginov A. S., Meshkov G. A., Pyatakov A. P. Multiferroics: Promising materials for microelectronics, spintronics, and sensor technique. 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In August 1831, the parents of Fyodor Dostoevsky purchased an estate in the Kashirsky district of the Tula Province, consisting of the hamlet of Darovoe and the village of Darovaya. In February 1833, they bought the neighboring village of Cheremoshnya. The entire property, including the above-named villages and hamlet, also included land plots in the wastelands: Nechaeva, Trypillya, Harina, Shelepova and Chertkova. Having become the owners of 58 peasant souls and more than 500 dessiatines of land, the Dostoevskys were considered average local landowners. However, Darovoe, well-known as the childhood place of the writer Fyodor Dostoevsky, remains poorly studied from an economic point of view. One of the reasons is that today there are very few documents that could reliably indicate the economic condition of the estate for the memorial period. An exception is the monograph of V. S. Nechaeva “In the Dostoevsky family and estate,” published in 1939, where, based on the correspondence of M. F. Dostoevskaya and M. A. Dostoevsky, the author claims that the estate they acquired was not merely unprofitable, but also caused a family tragedy. The opinion of V. S. Nechaeva became fundamental for researchers of the writer's biography. However, this issue can be revised today, which is what the presented work is devoted to. The correspondence of Fyodor Dostoevsky's parents, the letters of his older brother M. M. Dostoevsky, who was the guardian over the estate and the Memoirs of the younger brother of A. M. Dostoevsky in the aggregate allow to take a fresh look at the estate and the income it brought. In the context of this problem, it is of interest to refer to the newly published “Report of the headman of the village of Darovoe Savin Makarov to Mikhail Mikhailovich Dostoevsky” dated October 8, 1850. The document was discovered in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art and complements the well-known sources on the economic condition of the Dostoevsky estate.