Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ruthenium – Industrial applications

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Ruthenium – Industrial applications'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ruthenium – Industrial applications"

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Genet, Jean Pierre, Angela Marinetti, and Virginie Ratovelomanana-Vidal. "Recent advances in asymmetric catalysis. Synthetic applications to biologically active compounds." Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, no. 2 (January 1, 2001): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173020299.

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New chiral cationic ruthenium complexes have been used for the industrial synthesis of (+) -dihydrojasmonate. A new class of electron-rich C2-symmetric 2,4-disubstituted phosphetanes (CnrPHOS) was developed. Preliminary evaluation of their catalytic properties revealed high efficiency in rhodium and ruthenium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenations. A new stereochemical model is presented in which the phosphetane Rh-catalyzed hydrogenation follows an apparent stability-controlled mechanism.
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Phansavath, Phannarath, Virginie Ratovelomanana-Vidal, Sudipta Ponra, and Bernard Boudet. "Recent Developments in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Enamides." Synthesis 53, no. 02 (October 20, 2020): 193–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1705939.

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AbstractThe catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of prochiral olefins is one of the most widely studied and utilized transformations in asymmetric synthesis. This straightforward, atom economical, inherently direct and sustainable strategy induces chirality in a broad range of substrates and is widely relevant for both industrial applications and academic research. In addition, the asymmetric hydrogenation of enamides has been widely used for the synthesis of chiral amines and their derivatives. In this review, we summarize the recent work in this field, focusing on the development of new catalytic systems and on the extension of these asymmetric reductions to new classes of enamides.1 Introduction2 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Trisubstituted Enamides2.1 Ruthenium Catalysts2.2 Rhodium Catalysts2.3 Iridium Catalysts2.4 Nickel Catalysts2.5 Cobalt Catalysts3 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Tetrasubstituted Enamides3.1 Ruthenium Catalysts3.2 Rhodium Catalysts3.3 Nickel Catalysts4 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Terminal Enamides4.1 Rhodium Catalysts4.2 Cobalt Catalysts5 Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Miscellaneous Enamides6 Conclusions
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Urbala, Magdalena. "Highly Productive Synthesis of 1-Propenyloxybutan-1-ol Under Solvent-Free Homogeneous Ruthenium Catalyst Conditions." Catalysts 10, no. 12 (December 2, 2020): 1409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10121409.

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The 1-propenyl ethers bearing free hydroxyl groups of CH3CH=CH–O–A–OH type (hydroxyalkyl 1-propenyl ethers, 1-propenyloxyalcohols) are the most desired as the reactive diluents for photopolymerizable systems with enhanced reactivity or intermediates for the synthesis of hybrid monomers for special applications. The ruthenium complexes-catalyzed isomerization of allyl ethers under solvent-free conditions is an atom-economical and environmentally sustainable method for their production. Here, the reaction conditions and limitations for the highly productive and selective synthesis of model 4-(1-propenyloxy)butan-1-ol have been investigated. The minimal loading of ruthenium pre-catalysts needed for completion of reaction within reasonable times was priority assumption. It was found that [RuClH(CO)(PPh3)3] or [RuCl2(PPh3)3] exhibited extremely high catalytic activity under optimized non-oxidative reaction conditions. The key effect of reaction temperature on the activation pre-catalyst and the exothermal effects of isomerization was discovered. The practically quantitative yields of 4-(1-propenyloxy)butan-1-ol were achieved with using of very low loading of [Ru] (5 ppm) and Bu3N (to maintain reaction chemoselectivity) at the temperature of 120 °C for only 0.5 h. Consequently, the attained TON (turnover number) and TOF (turnover frequency) values of ca. 198,000 and 390,000 h−1 were unprecedentedly high and industrial attractive. On the other hand, the direct recycling of ruthenium catalyst is not a reasonable method for improving catalyst productivity.
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Michrowska, Anna, and Karol Grela. "Quest for the ideal olefin metathesis catalyst." Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200880010031.

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Attempts were made to create a catalyst that approaches Gladysz's vision of an "ideal catalyst". Modifications of the Hoveyda-Grubbs catalyst were carried out with the aim to increase its activity and broaden the scope of its applicability to challenging metathesis reactions. This was done by introduction of an electron-withdrawing substituent on the isopropoxybenzylidene group in order to diminish the donor properties of the oxygen atom. The resulting stable and easily accessible nitro-substituted Hoveyda-Grubbs catalyst has found a number of successful applications in various research and industrial laboratories. Also, a new concept for noncovalent immobilization of a ruthenium olefin metathesis catalyst is presented. The 2-isopropoxybenzylidene ligand of Hoveyda-Grubbs carbene is further modified by an additional amino group, and immobilization is achieved by treatment with sulfonated polystyrene, forming the corresponding ammonium salt. In this novel strategy for the immobilization of ruthenium-based metathesis catalysts, the amino group plays a dual role, being first an active anchor for immobilization and secondly, after protonation, activating the catalysts by electron-donating to -withdrawing switch. The same concept has been used in the preparation of a quaternary ammonium catalyst for aqueous olefin metathesis.
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Ratovelomanana-Vidal, V., C. Girard, R. Touati, J. P. Tranchier, B. Ben Hassine, and J. P. Genêt. "Enantioselective Hydrogenation of β-Keto Esters using Chiral Diphosphine-Ruthenium Complexes: Optimization for Academic and Industrial Purposes and Synthetic Applications." Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis 345, no. 12 (January 2003): 261–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adsc.200390021.

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Bora, Anil, P. P. Singha, P. S. Robi, and A. Srinivasan. "Powder metallurgy processing of ruthenium aluminum alloys." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 153-154 (November 2004): 952–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.04.155.

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7

Shaffer, O. L., M. W. Sandor, and M. S. El-Aasser. "Morphology and Film Properties of Composite Carboxylated Latexes." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (August 1999): 986–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600018250.

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In industrial applications, such as paints or adhesives, composite latex particles are very common. Most of the properties which are obtained from composite latexes and their films cannot be achieved by physical blending of different polymer components. Therefore it becomes crucial to examine the morphology of composite latexes formed by a multiple-stage polymerization process. The latexes for this study have been examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Various staining methods were used such as ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4), cesium hydroxide (CsOH), and uranyl acetate (UAc) as a negative stain.The poly(n-butyl acrylate/ poly(methylmethacrylate) (PBA/PMMA) composite latex particles consist of a soft core phase and a hard second phase with varying amounts of acrylic acid in the core, the shell and in both core and shell. The latexes were examined before and after cleaning by a centrifugation technique with 100,000 molecular weight filters.
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Yeşildağ, Ali. "Ruthenium (III)–pyridine complex: Synthesis, characterization, barrier diode and photodiode applications in Al/Ru-Py/p-Si/Al sandwich device structure." Chemical Papers 75, no. 9 (June 1, 2021): 4949–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11696-021-01715-7.

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Deng, Weiping, Yunzhu Wang, Sui Zhang, Krishna M. Gupta, Max J. Hülsey, Hiroyuki Asakura, Lingmei Liu, et al. "Catalytic amino acid production from biomass-derived intermediates." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 20 (April 30, 2018): 5093–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1800272115.

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Amino acids are the building blocks for protein biosynthesis and find use in myriad industrial applications including in food for humans, in animal feed, and as precursors for bio-based plastics, among others. However, the development of efficient chemical methods to convert abundant and renewable feedstocks into amino acids has been largely unsuccessful to date. To that end, here we report a heterogeneous catalyst that directly transforms lignocellulosic biomass-derived α-hydroxyl acids into α-amino acids, including alanine, leucine, valine, aspartic acid, and phenylalanine in high yields. The reaction follows a dehydrogenation-reductive amination pathway, with dehydrogenation as the rate-determining step. Ruthenium nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes (Ru/CNT) exhibit exceptional efficiency compared with catalysts based on other metals, due to the unique, reversible enhancement effect of NH3 on Ru in dehydrogenation. Based on the catalytic system, a two-step chemical process was designed to convert glucose into alanine in 43% yield, comparable with the well-established microbial cultivation process, and therefore, the present strategy enables a route for the production of amino acids from renewable feedstocks. Moreover, a conceptual process design employing membrane distillation to facilitate product purification is proposed and validated. Overall, this study offers a rapid and potentially more efficient chemical method to produce amino acids from woody biomass components.
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Shultz, Lorianne R., Corbin Feit, Jordan Stanberry, Zhengning Gao, Shaohua Xie, Vasileios A. Anagnostopoulos, Fudong Liu, Parag Banerjee, and Titel Jurca. "Ultralow Loading Ruthenium on Alumina Monoliths for Facile, Highly Recyclable Reduction of p-Nitrophenol." Catalysts 11, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11020165.

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The pervasive use of toxic nitroaromatics in industrial processes and their prevalence in industrial effluent has motivated the development of remediation strategies, among which is their catalytic reduction to the less toxic and synthetically useful aniline derivatives. While this area of research has a rich history with innumerable examples of active catalysts, the majority of systems rely on expensive precious metals and are submicron- or even a few-nanometer-sized colloidal particles. Such systems provide invaluable academic insight but are unsuitable for practical application. Herein, we report the fabrication of catalysts based on ultralow loading of the semiprecious metal ruthenium on 2–4 mm diameter spherical alumina monoliths. Ruthenium loading is achieved by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and catalytic activity is benchmarked using the ubiquitous para-nitrophenol, NaBH4 aqueous reduction protocol. Recyclability testing points to a very robust catalyst system with intrinsic ease of handling.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ruthenium – Industrial applications"

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Sule, Rasidi. "Synthesis of copper-tantalum-ruthenium composites for electronics interconnection applications." 2011. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000299.

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M. Tech. Metallurgical Engineering.
Aims at improving Cu interconnection problem by homogeneous distribution of ruthenium and tantalum in Cu matrix for excellent interconnection in electronics packaging. The aim will be achieved through the following objectives.Development of appropriate technology for homogenizing submicron metal powders with suitable methods for controlling grain growth during sintering. Study the mechanisms of synergistic incorporation of Ru, and Ta on improving copper interconnection properties. To investigate metallurgical interactions and phenomena occurring during sintering. To investigate specific property and behaviour advantages intrinsic due to the composites and material mix.
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Shin, Jinhong 1972. "Growth and characterization of CVD Ru and amorphous Ru-P alloy films for liner application in Cu interconnect." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3684.

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Copper interconnect requires liner materials that function as a diffusion barrier, a seed layer for electroplating, and an adhesion promoting layer. Ruthenium has been considered as a promising liner material, however it has been reported that Ru itself is not an effective Cu diffusion barrier due to its microstructure, which is polycrystalline with columnar grains. The screening study of Ru precursors revealed that all Ru films were polycrystalline with columnar structure, and, due to its strong 3D growth mode, a conformal and ultrathin Ru film was difficult to form, especially on high aspect ratio features. The microstructure of Ru films can be modified by incorporating P. Amorphous Ru(P) films are formed by chemical vapor deposition at 575 K using a single source precursor, cis-RuH₂(P(CH₃)₃)₄, or dual sources, Ru₃(CO)₁₂ and P(CH₃)₃ or P(C6H5)₃ The films contain Ru and P, which are in zero-valent states, and C as an impurity. Phosphorus dominantly affects the film microstructure, and incorporating > 13% P resulted in amorphous Ru(P) films. Metastable Ru(P) remains amorphous after annealing at 675 K for 3 hr, and starts recrystallization at ~775 K. The density of states analysis of the amorphous Ru(P) alloy illustrates metallic character of the films, and hybridization between Ru 4d and P 3p orbitals, which contributes to stabilizing the amorphous structure. Co-dosing P(CH)₃ with Ru₃(CO)₁₂ improves film step coverage, and the most conformal Ru(P) film is obtained with cis-RuH2(P(CH₃)₃)₄; a fully continuous 5 nm Ru(P) film is formed within 1 µm deep, 8:1 aspect ratio trenches. First principles density functional theory calculations illustrate degraded Cu/Ru adhesion by the presence of P at the interface, however, due to the strong Ru-Cu bonds, amorphous Ru(P) forms a stronger interface with Cu than Ta and TaN do. Cu diffusion studies at 575 K suggests improved barrier property of amorphous Ru(P) films over polycrystalline PVD Ru.
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Book chapters on the topic "Ruthenium – Industrial applications"

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Tyagi, Nidhi, Gongutri Borah, Pitambar Patel, and Danaboyina Ramaiah. "Recent Advances in Ru Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation and Its Future Perspectives." In Ruthenium - an Element Loved by Researchers [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96464.

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Over the past few decades, Ru catalyzed transfer hydrogenation (TH) and asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) reactions of unsaturated hydrocarbons, imine, nitro and carbonyl compounds have emerged as economic and powerful tools in organic synthesis. These reactions are most preferred processes having applications in the synthesis of fine chemicals to pharmaceuticals due to safe handling as these do not require hazardous pressurized H2 gas. The catalytic activity and selectivity of Ru complexes were investigated with a variety of ligands based on pincer NHC, cyclophane, half-sandwich, organophosphine etc. These ligands coordinate to Ru center in a proper orientation with a labile group replaced by H-source (like methanol, isopropanol, formic acid, dioxane, THF), which facilitate the β-hydrogen transfer to generate metal hydride species (Ru-H) and produce desired reduced product. This chapter describes the recent advances in TH and ATH reactions with homogeneous and heterogeneous Ru catalysts having different ligand environments and mechanistic details leading to their sustainable industrial applications.
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Pieterse, J. A. Z., S. Booneveld, G. Mul, and R. W. van den Brink. "A synergistic effect in Iron-Ruthenium-FER catalyst for N2O decomposition in the presence of NO." In Molecular Sieves: From Basic Research to Industrial Applications, Proceedings of the 3rd International Zeolite Symposium (3rd FEZA), 1915–20. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(05)80555-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ruthenium – Industrial applications"

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Wahl, Jacqueline B., and Ken Harris. "New Single Crystal Superalloys, CMSX®-8 and CMSX®-7." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25155.

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Single crystal (SX) superalloys have wide application in the high pressure turbine section of aero and industrial gas turbine engines due to the unique combination of properties and performance. Since introduction of single crystal casting technology, SX alloy development has focused on increased temperature capability, and major improvements in alloy performance have been associated with the introduction of new alloying elements, including rhenium (Re) and ruthenium (Ru). 3% Re-containing second generation alloys, such as CMSX-4®, PWA 1484 and Rene’ N5 have seen the greatest market utilization and have become the benchmark alloys for comparing new alloy developments. However, Re and Ru are rare elements with limited production/availability and corresponding high costs. This has resulted in significant escalation of SX alloy costs, and consequently, there has been much interest in the development of improved SX superalloys with lower Re or no Re content compared to second generation alloys. Cannon-Muskegon® has developed two new SX superalloys: 1.5% Re CMSX®−8 alloy and CMSX®−7 alloy, which contains no Re, as alternatives to first and second generation alloys for applications which require slightly less ultra high temperature capability compared to CMSX-4 alloy or the improved CMSX-4(SLS) alloy. This paper provides an overview of development and characterization of these SX alloys and alloy modifications, CMSX-8 (SLS) and CMSX-8[B/C](SLS).
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