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1

Harden, Ian. "When Europeans Complain: The Work of the European Ombudsman." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 3 (2000): 199–237. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712802859123.

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The office of European Ombudsman was created by the Treaty of Maastricht. The first Ombudsman, Jacob Söderman, began work in September 1995. To judge by the number of requests for materials and interviews that the office receives, particularly from students, academic lawyers are well aware of the existence of the European Ombudsman. There is also a growing body of literature about the office. Many practising lawyers, however, remain uncertain about the scope and functions of the work of the European Ombudsman. This is partly because the concept of an ombudsman is not always well understood, even by specialists in public law. This article will explain what an ombudsman is, the relationship between the European Parliament and the European Ombudsman, and the nature of the latter’s work. The aim is to persuade colleagues working in the field of European public law that the office of the European Ombudsman is well worth monitoring.
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2

Harden, Ian. "When Europeans Complain: The Work of the European Ombudsman." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 3 (2000): 199–237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000003797.

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The office of European Ombudsman was created by the Treaty of Maastricht. The first Ombudsman, Jacob Söderman, began work in September 1995. To judge by the number of requests for materials and interviews that the office receives, particularly from students, academic lawyers are well aware of the existence of the European Ombudsman. There is also a growing body of literature about the office. Many practising lawyers, however, remain uncertain about the scope and functions of the work of the European Ombudsman. This is partly because the concept of an ombudsman is not always well understood, even by specialists in public law. This article will explain what an ombudsman is, the relationship between the European Parliament and the European Ombudsman, and the nature of the latter’s work. The aim is to persuade colleagues working in the field of European public law that the office of the European Ombudsman is well worth monitoring.
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3

Marshall, Mary A., and Linda C. Reif. "The Ombudsman: Maladministration and Alternative Dispute Resolution." Alberta Law Review 34, no. 1 (1995): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/alr1108.

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The authors seek to highlight the office of the ombudsman, which represents a potentially powerful form of alternative dispute resolution. They first examine the "classic" ombudsman. This ombudsman is basically a neutral party who decides which side is justified in a dispute. They examine how Canadian ombudsman legislation ensures that many of the ombudsman's most important aspects are protected, such as impartiality and immunity from prosecution. They next examine the boundaries of the ombudsman's jurisdiction which, for the classic ombudsman, encompass only the administrative actions of government. The procedures common to most classic ombudsman offices are also outlined. Next, some challenges to the classic ombudsman are canvassed, such as the privatization of government services. They favour a continuing role for the ombudsman in regulating privately-delivered "public" services. Next, the article looks at different forms of the ombudsman, as adapted around the world. They provide an organizational scheme for these adaptations. Each model is analyzed, and its strengths and weaknesses assessed. The article concludes by stating the similarities found in all ombudsman models and which make the office an important form of ADR.
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4

Karim, Sheikh Mohammad Towhidul. "The Ombudsman Act 1980: redressing administrative grievances in Bangladesh." International Journal of Law and Management 60, no. 1 (2018): 172–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-04-2017-0090.

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Purpose It is recognized worldwide that an ombudsman system makes the public administration more transparent and accountable to the public. This paper aims to examine the provisions of the Ombudsman Act 1980, as well as the position, role and necessity of the Office of the Ombudsman in Bangladesh. It also evaluates how the ombudsman institution can act as a gateway for citizens of Bangladesh to resolve complaints against the maladministration of public administration in the country. Design/methodology/approach The study is basically qualitative in nature where both primary and secondary sources have been used. As well, a combination of analytical methods and current legislative methods, together with future legislative techniques, was used in the study. Findings This study finds that the ombudsman is a vital institution for Bangladesh to eliminate maladministration, nepotism and abuse of human rights, as well as abuse of the power of the public administration. Going forward, Bangladesh needs to amend the existing Ombudsman Act 1980 and then take proper steps to firmly establish the Ombudsman Office to ensure and increase public confidence, operational effectiveness and good governance and human rights throughout the country. Research limitations/implications The main implication of this study is that it will play an important role for the development of the rule of law and human rights in Bangladesh. This study will make its readers and particularly the citizens of Bangladesh aware of the importance of the “Office of the Ombudsman” in Bangladesh and the existing loopholes in the current Ombudsman Act 1980. This research also provides a new avenue for scholars to contribute their knowledge and wisdom toward nation-building by further researching the Office of the Ombudsman in Bangladesh. In this way, scholars in this field can share their experiences of the role of the ombudsman to a wider audience. Practical implications The study will facilitate policymakers and the government to enact an effective new law or to amend the existing law relating to the ombudsman. Originality/value The paper sets out the proposed amendment to the Ombudsman Act 1980. Hence, it will be of interest to policymakers, government, organizations of civil society and those developing countries that have not taken steps toward forming an ombudsman institution.
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5

Harijanti, Susi Dwi. "Complaint Handling Systems In The Public Sector: A Comparative Analysis Between Indonesia and Australia." Indonesian Comparative Law Review 3, no. 1 (2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/iclr.v3i1.11454.

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This article deals primarily with complaint handling system with reference to an ombudsman that established by the government as opposed to the private ombudsman variety in Indonesia and Australia’s jurisdictions. In practice, group of people or persons have often arisen complaints or grievances in public service, and it requires solutions. It is widely known that the Ombudsman office has long been regarded as an effective office in resolving people complaint. This is mainly because the nature of the Ombudsman as an independent and impartial institution. This article argues that regardless of the different context of introduction of an ombudsman in Indonesia and Australia because of different political and social context, however, the performance of ombudsman in both countries has showed significant role in enhancing public services through their expanded mandates and stronger powers.
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6

Leino, Päivi. "The Wind is in the North." European Public Law 10, Issue 2 (2004): 333–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/euro2004021.

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Jacob Söderman was elected to the post of the European Ombudsman (EO) shortly after the establishment of the office by the Treaty of Maastricht. When Söderman took up his functions in 1995, he stepped into a largely undefined role. As the first European Ombudsman, he has enjoyed much discretion and had a unique opportunity to characterise the nature and functions of the office. According to the EC Treaty, the main task of the European Ombudsman is to consider complaints concerning 'instances of maladministration' in Community administration. But as the Treaty leaves 'maladministration' undefined, Söderman had relatively free hands in both defining and interpreting the concept. As a consequence, the undefined notion turned into a source of controversy concerning the correct functions of the EO. Söderman's approach met with mixed reactions: while he received several prizes for his achievements as the European Ombudsman, he almost failed to get re-elected for a second term in office in 1999.
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7

The Heath Service Ombudsman. "Introducing the Health Service Ombudsman." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 93, no. 8 (2011): 284–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363511x588828.

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The Health Service Ombudsman is the final stage of the NHS complaints process. If someone is unhappy with the service provided by the NHS or with how the NHS handled a complaint they can come to the Ombudsman. This article tells surgeons what they need to know about the Ombudsman and how her office resolves complaints.
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8

Ushatova-Kalinova, Eleonora. "Civic participation through the Office of the National Ombudsman in the protection of labour rights in Bulgaria." SEER 26, no. 2 (2023): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2023-2-249.

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This article examines the Office of the National Ombudsman as a possible channel for the exercise of citizen’s participation in democratic life in Bulgaria. Evidence in this direction is derived from the legally established possibilities and actions of the Office itself, as well as from the results of an empirical study based on in-depth interviews conducted with the occupiers of the position of the National Ombudsman as well as representatives of collective civil society organisations. The exercise of civic participation through the Office is illustrated by describing a case drawn from Bulgarian practice – the protests of workers and employees in defence of their rights to unpaid wages and other compensation in 2017 – which resulted in changes to the legislation championed by the Ombudsman. The Office is not above criticism and the article concludes with some suggestions for how the relationship with civil society could be improved and how the Office could better achieve its goals of strengthening civic life and, in particular, the perception among citizens that they do have the power to influence decision-making within the country.
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9

Reif, Linda C. "Rachel Murray, The Role of National Human Rights Institutions at the International and Regional Levels: The Experience of Africa; Brian Burdekin, assisted by Jason Naum, National Human Rights Institutions in the Asia-Pacific Region, The Raoul Wallenberg Institute Human Rights Library." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 26, no. 1 (2008): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v26i1.4555.

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National Human Rights i nstitutions [NHRIs] are created by “a Government under the constitution, or by law or decree, the functions of which are specifically designed in terms of the promotion and protection of human rights.” Human rights commissions, ombudsman i nstitutions, hybrid single-office holder human rights ombudsman/commissioners, and specialized i nstitutions such as the children’s ombudsman are types of NHRIs.
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10

Solomon, Anna. "Public perception of the Ombudsman." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 4, no. 1 (1997): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v4i1.615.

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The Ombudsman Commission's ability in getting results again reinforces the public's confidence in the Ombudsman office and what it stands for - standing up for the rights of individuals who would otherwise be ignored by the powers that be.
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11

Sholeha, Nur Ina, Dian Kagungan, and Eko Budi Sulistio. "Model Pengawasan Pelayanan Publik Oleh Ombudsman Ri Pewakilan Lampung (Studi Tentang PPDB Tingkat SMA di Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2019)." Administrativa: Jurnal Birokrasi, Kebijakan dan Pelayanan Publik 2, no. 2 (2020): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/administrativa.v2i2.34.

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This research aims to determine the Republic of Indonesia's Representative Office of Lampung Ombudsman Supervision Model for New Student Reception (PPDB) at the Senior High School level in Lampung Province in 2019 and to find out what are the inhibiting factors for the Republic of Indonesia's Representative Ombudsman Lampung in carrying out such supervision. The research method used is qualitative then presented descriptively, namely by parsing, explaining, and describing in accordance with problems that are closely related to this research. The research was carried out at the Office of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia Representative Province of Lampung and Senior High School State 01 Bandar Lampung. The results showed that the Indonesian Ombudsman Supervisory Model of Lampung Representative of PPDB at the Senior high school level in Lampung Province in 2019 used a supervision model according to the way it was implemented, namely direct supervision carried out through inspection activities namely supervision carried out by coming directly to the field and also indirect supervision carried out through receipt and handling of reports.
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12

Carvalho, Celurdes Alves. "Analysis of the SUS Bahia Ombudsman Office’s experience." Saúde em Debate 46, spe4 (2022): 166–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042022e413i.

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ABSTRACT The article reports the experience of the SUS/Bahia Ombudsman office from its implementation until mid-2021 through the analysis of the developed work. It also describes the role played by the Ombudsman in the struggle to guarantee the right to health, demonstrating its advances and challenges in the State of Bahia, as an ombudsman of the Unified Health System. It is structured in three phases, which intend to describe its performance in a clear and objective way. Its specificity is highlighted as a public health agency supported by the SUS legislation, envisioning decentralization throughout the State of Bahia, with the objective of expanding citizen participation and, consequently, access to their right to healthcare. The first phase discusses the implementation and formation of the SUS Bahia Ombudsman Offices Network and its articulation with the State General Ombudsman’s Office. The second focuses on structuring the service and expanding the Network. The third describes the qualification of SUS ombudsmen with emphasis on the service decentralization through the implementation in the Municipal Health Secretariats in the State of Bahia.
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13

Sentanu, I. Gede Eko Putra Sri, Mohammad Alifvigo Reicoba, and Irwan Noor. "CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AS THE EFFORT OF ACCOMPLISHING REPORT TOWARD MALADMINISTRATION OF THE POPULATION." DIA Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi Publik 18, no. 2 (2020): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/dia.v18i2.4001.

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East Java is one of the regions that have the highest population maladministration reports in Indonesia. In 2017-2018, the Indonesian Ombudsman Representative Office in East Java experienced an increase in maladministration reports. This case caused many complaints from the public regarding the slow progress of population administration and led to internal and external conflicts of employees. This study aims to describe the function and role of the Indonesian Ombudsman Representative of East Java, the report completion process, and the strategy to overcome maladministration reports. This study employs a qualitative case study approach and is supported by the analysis using Atlas.ti software. Data collection is conducted through interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings reveal the role and function of the Indonesian Ombudsman Representative in East Java in terms of their effort to eradicate maladministration. Conflict management using progressive and participative methods (PROPARTIVE) is carried out for the completion of maladministration reports. PROPARTIVE methods explore the objectives of the reporter as a family to be open and mediate all parties to find solutions. The obstacles experienced by the Ombudsman in eradicating maladministration are the limited number of employees, the disobedience of the compliance with competencies, and the uncooperative reports between the reporter and the reported parties. Meanwhile, the supporting factors are the strategic location of the Indonesian Ombudsman Representative Office in East Java, the cooperation between employees and institutions, and the support of the Ombudsman website to facilitate the management of reports
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14

Kirby, Michael. "Australia's Commonwealth Ombudsman 40 Years on—Achievements and Ten Challenges." Federal Law Review 45, no. 3 (2017): 495–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.22145/flr.45.3.6.

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The statutory office of Commonwealth Ombudsman was created in 1977, as part of the new federal administrative law. In this article, marking the 40th anniversary of the appointment of the first Commonwealth Ombudsman, Professor Jack Richardson, the author describes the early history, including the resistance in some quarters to the model adapted from Sweden. He describes the innovations of the first ten ombudsmen and the frustrations and difficulties they faced. He then identifies ten issues on the future of the office: (1) whether it should be directly linked to the Parliament; (2) whether it should be served by a select committee; (3) how its funding should be maintained; (4) protecting the Ombudsman title; (5) retaining ministerial support in circumstances of differences; (6) overcoming official resistance; (7) addressing judicial hostility; (8) embracing new technology and generic reform; (9) embracing self-criticism and human rights analysis; and (10) engaging with comparative and international outreach and innovation.
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15

Ciechanowska, Justyna. "Tajemnica Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich a ochrona danych osobowych." Acta Iuridica Resoviensia 34, no. 3 (2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/actaires.2021.3.1.

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The paper aims to outline the most important features characterising the office of the Polish Ombudsman in the context of the duty to observe legally protected secrecy. Simultaneously, regulations concerning the disclosure by the Ombudsman of personal data in his/her possession and regulations governing access to public information at his/her disposal are presented. The article applies the legal and dogmatic method along with the historical method.
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16

Tollemache, Nadja. "Taking the Ombudsman Concept into the Private Sector: Notes on the Banking Ombudsman Scheme in New Zealand." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 26, no. 2 (1996): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v26i2.6165.

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This article traces the development of the institution of Ombudsman in New Zealand and comments on the move of the idea from the public to the private sector. The article first discusses the historical tests for unlawfulness under the Ombudsmen Act 1962 and 1975, which focused on the public sector. The success of the Ombudsmen in the public sector then led to the appointment of New Zealand's first Banking Ombudsman in 1992, modelled on similar offices in the United Kingdom and Australia. However, the article discusses factors that distinguish New Zealand's Banking Ombudsman to that of the United Kingdom: the sequence of events, the structure of the office, and the relationship between the Parliamentary Ombudsman and those in the private sector. *Note: a French language summary of this article is provided at 244.
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Pambudi, Andi Setyo, Istiqlal Abadiyah Sukma Putri, and Devy Paramitha Agnelia. "Portrait of Public Service Issues and Recognition Rate of Ombudsman Representative Office in Big Data Perspective." Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan: The Indonesian Journal of Development Planning 6, no. 3 (2022): 369–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36574/jpp.v6i3.299.

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Public service providers and their supervisory agencies (Ombudsman RI), both at the centre and the representatives, are required to be able to map and resolve public service issues. However, during the Covid-19 they are limited in scope for conducting investigations. Big data is considered one of the solutions to obtain information on the priority scale of handling public service supervision through strategic issues of public services that get lots of attention from the public and the media. This paper aims to present a portrait of public service issues and the recognition rate of the Ombudsman Representative in the big data perspective as input in development planning related to public service supervision. The analytical method used is big data which utilizes the Intelligence Media Analytics developed by Bappenas. Analysis of strategic issues of public service in the regions, types of problems, the reported agencies, and the level of popularity of the Ombudsman RI in representatives in the community and the media, are the main discussion in this analysis. The results show that based on the classification of the reported parties, the three agencies that received the highest complaints during the period March 2020 – March 2021 are the Social Affairs Agency, Education Agency, and Health Agency. Problems related to Social Assistance were the most widely reported complaints by the public to the Ombudsman RI during the Covid-19. In addition, the analysis shows that until the latest data in 2021, the level of popularity of the Ombudsman in the regions is still low.
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18

Kim, Kwang-Il. "Propositions for the Development of the Public Grievances Commission (A Korean Style Ombudsman)." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 10 (December 31, 1995): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps10008.

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The ombusdsman originated in Sweden as a substitution for the Parliament practiced a role of superintending the administration in its beginning, but now the office operates both as a commissioner of the people and the arbiter between the government and individual and also as an institution aims at the realization of efficient redress and justice. The office is expected to practice a function of disposition of the complaints on the principle of equity with relative ease and promptitude. After the ombudsman had originated in Sweden in 1809 as a Parliamentary commissioner Finland adopted the office in 1920, but the interests in the office became widespread only after the mid-20th century and at present about 50 countries have introduced the institution. In case of our country the Public Grievances Commission thereafter described as PGC), Korean style ombudsman, was inaugurated in 4 April 1994 under the provision of the "Basic Law about Administrative Regulations and Civil Affairs Administration (hereafter described as the "Basic Law.") that has passed in a regular session of the National Assembly of 1993.
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19

Moreno, Erika. "The Contributions of the Ombudsman to Human Rights in Latin America, 1982–2011." Latin American Politics and Society 58, no. 1 (2016): 98–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2016.00297.x.

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AbstractDemocratic institutions, ranging from constitutional provisions and electoral rules to judiciaries, have been important in improving the rights of citizens across the world. If institutions matter for human rights, then it stands to reason that institutions built specifically to protect human rights, like the human rights ombudsman, should matter too. Using a comparative case study approach, this article examines the effect of the human rights ombudsman at the regional level on several human rights measures in Latin America between 1982 and 2011. The results suggest that the presence of an ombudsman, and some of its design features, have had effects on some social and economic rights, in keeping with the broad mandate given to this office.
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20

Murray, Cathy. "Children's Rights in Rwanda: A Hierarchical or Parallel Model of Implementation?" International Journal of Children's Rights 18, no. 3 (2010): 387–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181810x487036.

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AbstractThe paper reports on a qualitative study, entitled Children's Rights in Rwanda, which was conducted in Kigali, Rwanda in 2007. Qualitative interviews were conducted with government ministers, senior staff in non-governmental organisations, Human Rights Commissioners, a Senior Prosecutor and the Ombudsman. Two focus groups were held with teenage pupils. The study explores the key children's rights – provision, protection and participation – enshrined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. The research question is whether children's participation rights feature in Rwanda, a country in which children's rights to provision and to protection are still being addressed. A parallel model and a hierarchical model of implementing children's rights are proposed and the use of elite interviews discussed. A key finding is that a parallel model of implementation of children's rights is evident, with children's right to participation (at least in the public sphere) being addressed alongside children's right to provision and protection. In the private sphere, children's participation rights lag behind.
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Brooks, P. M., D. L. Vaux, and R. Williamson. "Australia needs an Ombudsman or Office for Research Integrity." Internal Medicine Journal 46, no. 10 (2016): 1233–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imj.13211.

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Robbani, Hilmi Izaz, and Ananta Prathama. "PERFORMANCE OF EAST JAVA OMBUDSMAN IN HANDLING COMMUNITY COMPLAINTS." dia 20, no. 02 (2022): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/dia.v20i02.6670.

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The purpose of this research is to determine the performance of the Ombudsman Representative for East Java in handling public complaints, where East Java Province has the most cities and regencies in Indonesia. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative and has a research focus in assessing the performance of the Ombudsman using Simanjuntak's theory which consists of organizational support, management ability and effectiveness, and the performance of everyone in the organization. The results of this study are that in terms of organizational support, it is quite supportive, in terms of the ability and effectiveness of the Ombudsman management to work well, and from the performance of everyone in the Ombudsman organization looks very good and has competence. the conclusion is that from the overall assessment it is quite good, it's just that there are problems in human resources and office printers.
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Malinkovska, O. V., O. I. Tymoshchuk, and M. B. Husak. "PLACE OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS OF THE VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE IN THE NATIONAL PREVENTIVE MECHANISM CONCERNING PROTECTION OF CONVICTS AND PRISONERS’ RIGHTS AND LEGAL INTERESTS." Scientific Herald of Sivershchyna. Series: Law 2022, no. 2 (2022): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.32755/sjlaw.2022.02.100.

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The genesis of the National Preventive Mechanism is examined in the article. The fact that the chosen model of “Ombudsman +” involves a combination of the Ombudsman’s Institute, along with representatives of non-governmental organizations and members of the public is found out. The implementation of the Ombudsman + model envisages that not only the Ombudsman himself will be involved in the process of monitoring the human rights observance in places of detention, but also members of the public who will be able to visit places of detention after receiving certain rights from the Ombudsman and check human rights there and then report to the central office, in order to fix the problems or provide recommendations to local (or central) executive bodies for improving the situation. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the establishment of the National Preventive Mechanism should in no way duplicate the functions of bodies such as the Prosecutor’s Office or the National Police. Proposed changes will help to improve the proper implementation of the National Preventive Mechanism: improvements of the legislation governing the activities of places of detention; changes in the standards of providing certain social services (applies to social places of detention); creation of bodies to monitor compliance with standards in places of detention; creation of new monitoring mechanisms to monitor compliance with standards during the stay of people in places of detention; changes in the attitude of society towards people who find themselves in places of detention and promoting the policy of “openness” of such institutions, etc. Key words: Commissioner for Human Rights of the Verkhovna Rada, National Preventive Mechanism; rights and legitimate interests; convicts; prisoners; “Ombudsman +”.
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Demina, Elizaveta Petrovna, and Nikita Vladimirovich Babich. "Interaction of the human-rights ombudsman in the Russian Federation with human rights law enforcement (on the example of the prosecutor’s office and the investigative committee)." SHS Web of Conferences 118 (2021): 03023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111803023.

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The purpose of the study is to analyze some systemic problems in the organization and activities of the institution of the Human-Rights Ombudsman in Russia, bodies of the Prosecutor’s Office, the Investigative Committee of Russia, as well as the conditions of interaction between the Human-Rights Ombudsman and law enforcement and human rights bodies. The methodological basis of the study was the use of system-structural and dialectical methods of scientific knowledge. For a more detailed study of the problems, the methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalization were applied. For the study of normative legal regulations, special methods of document analysis in the field of knowledge under study were applied. The result of the study was the conclusion that the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms is an integral part of a developed democratic state governed by the rule of law. The authors believe that in order to improve the quality of protection of human and civil rights and freedoms it is necessary, first, to reform a large number of elements of the state system. Particular attention in all this must be paid, first and foremost, to the organization, activities, and legal status of the institution of the Human-Rights Ombudsman in Russia, as well as the bodies of the Russian Prosecutor’s Office and the Russian Investigative Committee. The second stage should be the creation of optimal conditions for interaction between the Russian Human-Rights Ombudsman and the Russian Prosecutor’s Office, the Russian Investigative Committee, and other law enforcement agencies in order to protect human and civil rights and freedoms. The novelty of the study is in the author’s approach to the consideration of these problems, as well as in the development of appropriate proposals to address them.
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Nemec, Juraj, Marta Orviska, and Colin Lawson. "The Role of Accountability Arrangements in Social Innovations: Evidence from the UK and Slovakia." NISPAcee Journal of Public Administration and Policy 9, no. 1 (2016): 73–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nispa-2016-0004.

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AbstractOur research focuses on selected accountability mechanisms in the two countries. In Slovakia these are the Supreme Audit Office (SAO) and the Ombudsman. In the UK, at the national level we chose the Committee of Public Accounts (PAC), the National Audit Office (NAO) and the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman (PHSO) and on the local level the relatively recently introduced local government system of Scrutiny and Overview.The goal of our article is to assess the potential contribution of these accountability arrangements to the anchoring of social innovation in the public sector. The theory anticipates that accountability institutions such as the SAO and Ombudsman may create feedback loops supporting public innovations. We undertook detailed checks on the concrete situation in the Slovak Republic and in the UK. On the basis of the comprehensive set of data reviewed, including reports, interviews and more generally available information, we can confidently conclude that while in Slovakia such a feedback loop barely functions, in the UK it does function on a limited but still significant scale. In the last part we provide selected arguments why the Slovak situation is less positive.
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Kunzlik, Peter. "The Enforcement of EU Environmental Law: Article 169, the Ombudsman and the Parliament." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 6, Issue 2 (1997): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr1997007.

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Problems of enforcing EU environmental law by means of Article 169 procedure, adopting the "Newbury Bypass" case as an example; the background to the case - the Environmental Impact Directive and the "pipe-line" point; referral of the Commission's withdrawal from the case to the EU Ombudsman; the office and powers of the Ombudsman; the four main points of complaint; the Commission's arguments to the Ombudsman; the Ombudsman's conclusions, including the "rather surprising" possibility that "a bona fide but wrong interpretation of the law could amount to maladministration"; and his decision to conduct an "own initiative" inquiry into the workings of Article 169 generally; simultaneous consideration of petitions in respect of the same matter by the Petitions Committee of the European Parliament; the Committee's view that the Commission's decision had been made at a political level and its instigation of further investigations; conclusion as to the importance of these references to the Ombudsman and the Parliament.
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Elcock, Howard. "The Polish Ombudsman and the Transition to Democracy." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 45, no. 3 (1996): 684–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002058930005942x.

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A great deal has happened since the first Polish Commissioner for Citizens' Rights Protection discussed the role of her office in this journal in January 1990.1 At that time, the communist regime had given place to Eastern Europe's first non-communist government, led by Tadeusz Mazowiecki, after the elections of June 1989. Following the Polish United Workers' Party's defeat then, communism collapsed throughout Eastern Europe. Poland itself has since moved somewhat shakily towards a pluralist democratic regime, with a directly elected president and two chambers of Parliament in which multi-party systems now operate. However, despite some suggestions that the institutions created during the communist period should be swept away after communism fell, several of them have made the transition to the new liberal-democratic State. These institutions include three that were created by the Jaruszelski regime during the 1980s in order to try to win back its fading popular legitimacy: the Supreme Administrative Court (SAC), the Constitutional Tribunal (CT) and the Commissioner for Citizens' Rights Protection (CCRP), or Ombudsman. Since the fall of communism, the need for administrative adjudication has both changed and become greater, especially because there has not yet been any agreement on a new Polish constitution. The number of complaints sent to the CCRP's office rose from 22,764 in 1990 to 29,273 in 1993. This short article gives an account of the principal developments in the Commissioner's role since 1990. Professor Letowska was replaced in the office in 1991 by Professor Tadeusz Zielinski, from the University of Krakow, and the change in incumbent has produced significant changes in practice as well as continuity.
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Astuti, Titin Widhi. "Advocacy of The Ombudsman Institute for The Special Region of Yogyakarta in Completing The Complaints of Educational Problems in The Special Region of Yogyakarta." Spektrum Analisis Kebijakan Pendidikan 10, no. 3 (2021): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/sakp.v10i3.17459.

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This study aims to describe the Advocacy of the Ombudsman Institute for the Special Region of Yogyakarta in completing the complaints of education problems in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data validity uses triangulation of sources, techniques, and time. Data analysis techniques include data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawings. Research Results: (1) Complaint of Education Problems in DIY Ombudsman Institutions Mapped into a Regular Complaint (Governance of Education and School Management) and Temporary (PPDB), (2) Stages of Advocacy for DIY Ombudsman Institutions, namely the Stage of Preparation (Consultation and Clarification), Implementation Stage (Coordination, investigation, mediation), and stages of assessment (monitoring). Advocacy of DIY Ombudsman Institutions specifically for education, namely educational complaints posts. (3) Supporting factors, namely the existence of pic every education office, complete documents, cooperative attitudes, and monitoring. Inhibiting factors, namely the lack of human resources, community concerns over the impact of the report, the school's violation of the definition of donations and levies, the final product recommendations as input, and the wrong perception of the public.
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Szukalski, Jerzy. "Institution of the plenipotentiary ombudsman for human rights in Tajikistan in the normative and practical dimension." Polityka i Społeczeństwo 20, no. 4 (2022): 319–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2022.4.22.

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The office of the Plenipotentiary Ombudsman for Human Rights was established in Tajikistan on the basis of a relevant bill adopted on March 20, 2008. Statutory regulations normalize every important issue concerning the organization and modes of operation of the ombudsman. Fundamentally they generally meet the standards of analogous acts in force in democratic states. In the normative dimension, one can only object to the method of selecting the Ombudsman, dependent on the President of Tajikistan, which, in turn, questions his independence from the presidential center of power. On the other hand, in the practical dimension, within the reality of the authoritarian system functioning in Tajikistan, the Ombudsman's institution is a façade and is not able to fulfill the functions for which it was appointed. This is evidenced by the Ombudsman's reports, clearly lacking cases relating to first-generation human rights.
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Asina, Enrico Mardongan, and Neri Arisuma. "Pengawasan Ombudsman Provinsi Sumatera Utara Di Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kota Medan." Lex Lectio Law Journal 1, no. 1 (2022): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.61715/jlexlectio.v1i1.17.

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AbstractThe Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia has a role in conducting a survey of public service standards at the Medan City National Land Office and providing space for the public to submit problems and complaints about land services that are not optimal. This research is descriptive qualitative in nature. This study aims to determine the oversight of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia representing North Sumatra Province in supervising public service reports at the Medan City National Land Agency. , Reporting Service Response Action Mechanism and Institutional Public Service Oversight Mechanism in Government Public Service Agencies/Agencies.Abstrak Ombudsman Republik Indonesia berperan melakukan survey standar pelayanan publik di Kantor Pertanahan Nasional Kota Medan dan memberikan ruang kepada masyarakat untuk menyampaikan permasalahan maupun keluhan terhadap pelayanan pertanahan yang tidak optimal. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengawasan Ombudsman Republik Indonesia perwakilan Provinsi Sumatera Utara dalam pengawasan laporan pelayanan publik pada Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kota Medan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan Ombudsman Republik Indonesia Perwakilan Sumatera Utara pada Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kota Medan mempunyai mekanisme kerja, yaitu Mekanisme Pelaporan Pengaduan Masyarakat, Mekanisme Tindakan Respon Pelayanan Pelaporan dan Mekanisme Pengawasan Pelayanan Publik secara Kelembagaan pada Lembaga/Badan Pelayanan Publik Pemerintah.
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Abdul Hannan, Mohammad. "The Importance and Reality of having an Ombudsman in Bangladesh." Athens Journal of Law 9, no. 1 (2022): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajl.9-1-4.

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The fundamental aim of a country like Bangladeshis to realise through the democratic process a socialist society, free from exploitation- society in which the rule of law, fundamental human rights and freedom, equality and justice, political, economic and social will be secured for all citizens. The Office of an Ombudsman is not a basic institution of a democratic government; but it is very important to keep democracy intact and effective. Article 77 of the Constitution of Bangladesh is inserted therein in conformity with this statement of the Preamble to attain the same purpose. Keywords: Reality; Ombudsman; Constitutional Institution; Unwillingness of Bureaucrats
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Zawadzki, Paweł. "Origin of the European Ombudsman." Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica 19, no. 1 (2020): 443–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/mhi.2020.19.01.19.

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The purpose of this article is to set out the multiannual process for establishing the European Ombudsman's office and the reasons for its establishment. It presents the history of the first European Ombudsmen and the history of the European Communities from a legal perspective. The author goes back to the reasons for setting up the European Ombudsman's body, which were the lack of legitimacy in the European Union. The role of bodies such as the European Ombudsman is to ensure that citizens' rights are actually respected. The European Ombudsman strengthens the rule of law in the European Union and complements the role of the courts by providing a cheap, accessible individual remedy and, on the other hand, complements the representative function of the European Parliament by becoming the centre of independent critical assessment and improvement of the quality of European administration. The rule of law serves to maintain the EU system as a supranational system. It is the construction of the axis of integration. If there is a lack of trust in the community in this respect, it begins to be treated differently. It is therefore important that the European Ombudsman fulfils his Treaty obligations as a body of the European Union effectively.
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Friedery, Reka. "Promoting Democracy through the Work of the EU Ombudsman." Review of European Affairs 4, no. 1 (2020): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.51149/roea.1.2020.1.

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The EU is in an economic, social and political crisis, and there are vital expectations to enhance and restore trust, openness and transparency. The EU bodies which bring the EU and its citizens closer to each other gain even more importance. This paper will demonstrate that alternative dispute-resolution forums, like the office of the EU Ombudsman, have a multidirectional function. It was established to strengthen the fundamental rights of citizens and to enhance a more citizen- -friendly EU administration. The analysis highlights the forum’s importance in changing horizontal relations between different stakeholders into vertical during its procedure, for instance between EU institutions and EU citizens. The presentation of research explores these relations by analysing complaint cases and the EU Ombudsman-related cases of the CJEU. The paper argues that the right to complain to the EU Ombudsman, who is a direct link between EU institutions and EU citizens, and the potential of changing the above-mentioned functions, can strengthen the trust of Member States’ citizens and help them identify as European citizens. The cornerstone of this argument are the relations between the EU citizens, institutions and the Ombudsman.
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Ziółkowski, Michał. "Kadencyjność Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich i zasada zaufania do państwa i stanowionego przez nie prawa. Glosa do wyroku TK z 15 kwietnia 2021 r., K 20/20." Przegląd Konstytucyjny, no. 1 (2022) (June 2022): 167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25442031pko.22.007.15733.

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The term of the Ombudsman and the constitutional principle of trust for the state and the law. Commentary on Constitutional Tribunal Judgement of 15 April 2021, case K 20/20 The commentary presented in the paper is doctrinal and has descriptive and interpretive aims. It discusses the Tribunal’s judgement concerning the unconstitutionality of one of the provisions of the Act on the Ombudsman. According to the provision, the Ombudsman shall continue to perform duties after the end of term and until the election of the new Ombudsman. In the Tribunal’s view, the provision provided an unconstitutional extension of the Ombudsman’s term. Since the judgement was passed by the unconstitutionally elected members of the Tribunal and it was to remove Adam Bodnar (the former Ombudsman) from the office, it has to be interpreted in the context of the current constitutional crisis in Poland. The article argues that the Tribunal’s reasoning was constitutionally wrong, logically incoherent, and far from clear if considering the well-established case-law. Moreover, the paper explains how the Tribunal and the President of the Tribunal violated the law on the assignment of judges to the Tribunal’s panels and the constitutional principle of judicial independence. The concluding remarks focus on the possible legal consequences of unlawfulness in the Polish constitutional order, which does not directly provide any review of the Tribunal’s judgements or its President’s actions.
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RAKITSKAYA, INNA, and EVGENII PAVLOV. "CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL STATUS OF THE PARLIAMENTARY OMBUDSMAN FOR ADMINISTRATION IN NORWAY." Gaps in Russian Legislation 15, no. 7 (2022): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2072-3164-2022-15-7-046-052.

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The purpose of the research. A parliamentary ombudsman which exists in the constitutional mechanism of many modern states performs two main functions: to exercise control over the legality of the activities of the public administration and to consider individual complaints related to the violation of human rights and freedoms. The office of parliamentary ombudsman for administration (civil ombudsman) was founded in Norway in 1962, ten years after the foundation of the position of the military ombudsman. The present article is devoted to the analysis of the legal status of the Norwegian parliamentary civil ombudsman, the procedure for appointing, the functions and powers of the civil ombudsman, the procedure for considering of the incoming complaints. The authors pay special attention to such element of the status of the parliamentary civil ombudsman as a national preventive mechanism. The article was written on the basis of an analysis of the new Act on the Parliamentary Ombudsman for Control of Administration dd. June 18, 2021, which introduced a number of changes to the status and procedure for exercising powers by the civil ombudsman. The results: The new Act changes the title of the position. Now it is officially referred to as the parliamentary ombudsman for control of the administration. The word "control" which appeared in the title of the position emphasizes the strengthening of the protective function of the Norwegian civil ombudsman, as well as the expansion of his/her powers to supervise the activities of public bodies and officials. The current legislation simultaneously considers the parliamentary civil ombudsman as a national preventive mechanism, which is entitled to issue recommendations in order to improve the treatment and conditions of detention of persons deprived of their liberty, as well as to prevent torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Despite the rather broad powers of the Norwegian parliamentary civil ombudsman, unlike the parliamentary ombudsmen of some other countries, he/she does not have the legally enshrined right to initiate changes to the current legislation to fill in the gaps or improve it in order to more fully regulate the mechanisms for protecting the human rights and freedoms. The analysis of statistical data indicates a trend towards an increase in the number of applications to the parliamentary civil ombudsman in recent years. This fact shows not only an increase in cases of violations of human rights by the authorities and officials during the COVID-19 pandemic, but also, in general, an increase citizens’ confidence in this national mechanism for protecting fundamental human rights an freedoms. The adoption of the new Act also reflects the desire of the Norwegian members of parliament to improve the model of the civil ombudsman in order to ensure its efficiency.
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Saygin, Engin. "Improving Human Rights through Non-judicial National Institutions: The Effectiveness of the Ombudsman Institution in Turkey." European Public Law 15, Issue 3 (2009): 403–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/euro2009030.

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In the age of human rights, the value of human rights strategy lies in its effective implementation. Nonetheless, the gap between human rights rhetoric and (non-)action around the world, especially in Turkey, causes serious discussions over the effectiveness of international human rights law and even over its existence. The role of the national human rights institutions in narrowing such a compliance gap has been well understood by human rights practitioners and scholars because compliance with international human rights law is eventually a domestic law issue. However, this article suggests that among these institutions, the Ombudsman institution is an effective but neglected compliance mechanism due to the fact that it lacks the power to issue legally binding decisions not only in Turkey but also in the world. With respect to Turkey, as the Turkish Ombudsman Act has recently passed by Parliament, this article also analyzes the effectiveness of the new Turkish Ombudsman prior to the establishment of the office.
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Msengeti, Moses, and Heather Kipchumba. "Examining the Investigative Capacity of the Ombudsman in Addressing Administrative Justice in Kenya." Journal of Public Policy & Governance 7, no. 1 (2023): 114–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t6057.

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This study was conducted to assess the investigative capacity of the Commission on Administrative Justice (CAJ) also known as Office of the Ombudsman, Kenya, in ensuring administrative justice. The study appreciated that the core mandate of CAJ is to ensure administrative justice in the Kenyan public sector through investigating cases of maladministration. The study aimed to fill a gap where previous studies undertaken have focused on the general mandate of the institution whereas this study focused on its investigative mandate. The study adopts that a major determinant of the investigative capacity is the legal framework underpinning the Ombudsman. As such, the objective of the study was to examine how the legal framework underpinning the ombudsman investigative function affects its capacity to ensure administrative justice. The study was guided by the agency and accountability theories. The research was conducted at the Commission’s headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya and employed a descriptive study design. Data was collected through questionnaires to the respondents and an analysis of investigation records was also conducted. Census survey and purposive sampling were employed in selecting the respondents while probability sampling was employed in the selection of investigation records for analysis. Secondary data in form of reports, legal instruments, and court judgments were also reviewed and analysed. Statistical packages for social sciences as well as advanced excel were used to analyse quantitative data while qualitative data was analysed and arranged according to thematic areas. A spearman correlation test was undertaken and results indicated a positive relationship between investigative capacity of the Ombudsman and its achievement of administrative justice. The study found that the legal framework underpinning the ombudsman investigations is insufficient and in that regard it was recommended that the CAJ Act, 2011 be amended to empower the Ombudsman to enforce recommendations arising from its investigations. Keywords: Ombudsman, legal framework, administrative justice, investigative capacity
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Загоруйко, И. Ю., Ж. В. Эстерлейн, and С. М. Леготкина. "The role and significance of the institution of the Ombudsman the rights of entrepreneurs (business ombudsman)." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 7(132) (October 11, 2021): 900–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2021.132.7.162.

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Одним из внесудебных способов, позволяющих эффективно защищать предпринимателям свои права, является институт уполномоченного по защите прав предпринимателей (бизнесомбудсмен), который рассматривается в качестве альтернативной процедуры урегулирования споров. В целом с момента создания до настоящего времени данная форма внесудебной защиты предпринимательских прав показала свою эффективность. Центральный аппарат и региональные уполномоченные приняли и рассмотрели десятки тысяч обращений предпринимателей по самым разным проблемам - от мелких административных нарушений до неправомерного уголовного преследования. Многим обратившимся удалось оказать реальную помощь и поддержку. One of the extrajudicial methods that allow entrepreneurs to effectively protect their rights is the institution of the Commissioner for the Protection of the Rights of Entrepreneurs (business ombudsman), which is considered as an alternative procedure for resolving disputes. In general, from the moment of creation to the present, this form of extrajudicial protection of business rights has shown its effectiveness. The central office and regional authorized representatives received and considered tens of thousands of applications from entrepreneurs on very different issues - from minor administrative violations to illegal criminal prosecution. Many of those who applied were able to provide real help and support.
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Ulrich, Zachary P. "A Role for Ombuds in Embedded Corporate Social Responsibility Processes?" Industrial and Organizational Psychology 6, no. 4 (2013): 358–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iops.12067.

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My purpose here is to suggest that the often-overlooked organizational ombudsman (OO) role can and should become an influential component of embedded corporate social responsibility (CSR) processes as defined by Aguinis and Glavas (2013). An OO is an employee who works with individuals and groups to help resolve conflicts inside or outside of an organization and who brings systemic concerns to the attention of organizational leadership (Howard, 2010). An OO does this while maintaining the confidentiality of office visitors, operating from a stance of neutrality and impartiality, remaining independent of formal organizational structures, and not adjudicating disputes or otherwise making policy recommendations regarding conflicts (International Ombudsman Association, 2013; Ziegenfuss & O'Rourke, 2011).
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Kowalska, Katarzyna Julia. "Realizacja artykułu 47 pkt. 7a Ustawy o prawach pacjenta i Rzeczniku Praw Pacjenta na przykładzie publikacji: „nawigator pacjenta”." Prawo i Bezpieczeństwo, no. 1 (2024) (June 10, 2024): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/29567610pib.24.014.19850.

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The publication is intended as a text of a dual nature, on the one hand the Author refers to the current legislation on patients’ rights, also citing reports of the Supreme Audit Office, as well as medical law literature, and on the other hand, by describing the initiatives of the Patient Ombudsman carried out within the framework of statutory tasks, the Author spreads knowledge about the sources of information available to patients and their relatives in Poland. Particularly described is the Patient Navigator. A practical guide to the health care system as an example of the implementation of Article 47a point 7a of the Law on Patients’ Rights and the Ombudsman for Patients’ Rights.
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Astiti, Luh Gede Dewi Sari, Agus Suharsono, and Selfi Budi Helpiastuti. "Peran Ombudsman RI Perwakilan Provinsi Bali Dalam Pengawasan Pelayanan Publik Di Dinas PUPR Kota Denpasar." Jurnal Administrasi dan Kebijakan Publik 8, no. 2 (2023): 254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jakp.8.2.254-264.2023.

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Public services in Indonesia are often in the spotlight in society, especially in maladministration actions carried out by public service providers. Such as an increase in reports of alleged maladministration received by the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia in Bali Province. Where in this report the agency that received the highest report was the Department Public Works Service in Denpasar City. With reports of alleged maladministration from the public, it is felt that there is a need for a role from an institution authorized to supervise public services, such as the Ombudsman Institute of the Republic of Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to conduct an analysis regarding the role of the Indonesian Ombudsman Representative of the Province of Bali in supervising public services at the Department Public Works Service in Denpasar City. This study uses a post-positivism approach with descriptive qualitative analysis. The results obtained are the role of the Indonesian Ombudsman Representative for the Province of Bali which is divided into 2 dimensions, namely prevention of maladministration with the sub-dimensional assessment of compliance with public service standards and community participation as well as the report completion dimension with the report completion procedure sub- dimension and the number of completed reports. The Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia for the Province of Bali succeeded in carrying out all of these dimensions in the supervision carried out by the Public Works and Public Housing Office of the City of Denpasar
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Irfan, Irfan, Sukriansyah S. Latief, and Yusmaniza Yusmaniza. "STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI OMBUDSMAN RI SULBAR DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGAWASAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI PROVINSI SULBAR." MITZAL (Demokrasi, Komunikasi dan Budaya) : Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan dan Ilmu Komunikasi 9, no. 1 (2024): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35329/mitzal.v9i1.4963.

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This research aims to describe the communication strategy used by the Ombudsman RI of West Sulawesi Province in an effort to increase public participation in public services supervision in West Sulawesi. This research was conducted in the Office of Ombudsman RI of West Sulawesi Province which is located in Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Province. This research used qualitative approach with case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the SIMBA PVL programme carried out to various regions can increase public participation in terms of accessing complaint services at the Ombudsman RI of West Sulawesi. Only there are still weaknesses in socialisation related to the procedures for receiving complaints through digital media which shows that public participation through this access is very low. The obstacles found are the lack of employees owned by the Ombudsman RI of West Sulawesi Province to oversee the entire Public Service sector in West Sulawesi and the demographic conditions and characteristics of the Complainant in West Sulawesi. While the supporting aspects found are the existence of communication and good relations between institutions and the solidity of the work team so that it has a positive impact on the Ombudsman in carrying out its duties and authorities in West Sulawesi Province. This study recommends that the Ombudsman RI of West Sulawesi continue to improve the report acceptance programme that can reach community access to areas that are difficult to reach with electronic communication in West Sulawesi and further examine the strategy of using digital media in terms of access to report acceptance in West Sulawesi.
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Dodson, Michael, and Donald Jackson. "Horizontal Accountability in Transitional Democracies: The Human Rights Ombudsman in El Salvador and Guatemala." Latin American Politics and Society 46, no. 4 (2004): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2004.tb00291.x.

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AbstractPostwar El Salvador and Guatemala have undertaken to reform and democratize the state and to support the rule of law. Each country entered the 1990s hobbled by a legacy of authoritarian rule, while a corrupt and politicized judiciary offered virtually no check on the abuse of power. Because the judiciary has performed poorly as an institution of horizontal accountability, this article examines the performance of a new “accountability agency,” the Human Rights Ombudsman. The article discusses the context in which the office was established and developed in each country, perceptions of its performance, and political responses as the office began to perform its function of holding public officials accountable in their exercise of power. Unfortunately, this new office may fall prey to the same weaknesses that have plagued older institutions in both countries.
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44

Muntingh, Lukas. "Modest beginnings, high hopes: The Western Cape Police Ombudsman." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 64 (June 29, 2018): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2018/v0n64a4884.

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In 2013 the Western Cape legislature passed the Western Cape Community Safety Act (WCCSA) to improve monitoring of and oversight over the police. One creation of the WCCSA is the Western Cape Police Ombudsman, which became operational in 2015. This article reviews its history and context, as well as results from its first year. The Police Ombudsman, the only one in the country, must be seen as one of the results of efforts by the opposition-held province to carve out more powers in the narrowly defined constitutional space, and in so doing to exercise more effective oversight and monitoring of police performance, and improve police–community relations. The Ombudsman must also be seen against the backdrop of poor police–community relations in Cape Town and the subsequent establishment of a provincial commission of inquiry into the problem, a move that was opposed by the national government, contesting its constitutionality. Results from the Ombudsman’s first 18 months in operation are modest, but there are promising signs. Nonetheless, the office is small and it did not do itself any favours by not complying with its legally mandated reporting requirements.
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Muntingh, Lukas. "Modest beginnings, high hopes: The Western Cape Police Ombudsman." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 64 (June 29, 2018): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2018/i64a4884.

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In 2013 the Western Cape legislature passed the Western Cape Community Safety Act (WCCSA) to improve monitoring of and oversight over the police. One creation of the WCCSA is the Western Cape Police Ombudsman, which became operational in 2015. This article reviews its history and context, as well as results from its first year. The Police Ombudsman, the only one in the country, must be seen as one of the results of efforts by the opposition-held province to carve out more powers in the narrowly defined constitutional space, and in so doing to exercise more effective oversight and monitoring of police performance, and improve police–community relations. The Ombudsman must also be seen against the backdrop of poor police–community relations in Cape Town and the subsequent establishment of a provincial commission of inquiry into the problem, a move that was opposed by the national government, contesting its constitutionality. Results from the Ombudsman’s first 18 months in operation are modest, but there are promising signs. Nonetheless, the office is small and it did not do itself any favours by not complying with its legally mandated reporting requirements.
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Maryniv, Ivanna, and Andriy Kotenko. "The European ombudsman as a body for the protection of the rights of individuals and legal entities in the European Union." Law and innovations, no. 1 (33) (April 5, 2021): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37772/2518-1718-2021-1(33)-8.

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Formulation of the problem. Today, the EU faces new challenges due to the globalization policy pursued by most EU member states, migration and the global pandemic - COVID-19. In the new conditions, the protection of human rights acquires a fundamentally new meaning. Therefore, the question of the role of the EU Ombudsman in the process of protection of individual rights and control over the activities of bodies is very relevant. By choosing the path of European integration and committing itself under the Association Agreement to adapt a number of areas in line with the acquis communautaire, Ukraine should also focus on the experience of the European Ombudsman. Since taking office as the Ukrainian Parliamentary Commissioner for Human Rights in 1998, it will not be an exaggeration to state that there are a number of problems in overseeing the proper activities of the authorities in respecting human and civil rights and freedoms. That is why, given the shortcomings and the chosen vector of development, the experience of the European Ombudsman is of great importance for Ukraine in order to improve the activities of the Ukrainian Parliament’s Commissioner for Human Rights. Target of research is to examine the role of the EU Ombudsman in the process of investigating good governance in the EU institutional mechanism. Article’s main body. The article is devoted to the study of the legal status of the European Ombudsman as a body that must investigate improper bodies of the activities of institutions, agencies to ensure the restoration of violated rights guaranteed by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The analysis of the practice of the European Ombudsman in the official annual reports, as well as the development strategy is carried out. With the help of EU legislation research and conducting of the legal analysis of the Ombudsman’s annual reports, strategic development documents and enquiries, opened by the Ombudsman in the last decade, the complexity of the European ombudsman’s contribution to the implementation of the sustainable development principle within EU’s supranational legal framework. Conclusions. After analyzing the development of Ombudsman’s legal status and the results of his enquiries, conducted in the last decade, a conclusion has been made, that the European ombudsman considerably influences all the institutional system of the EU. His initiatives have far-reaching consequences which might have caused their effect on the whole legal framework of the EU, in case if the European ombudsman had been given some more legal powers. Though, having only recommendation mechanisms in possession, this body influences the governing system of the EU largely, causing positive changes, meeting the leading principles of the functioning of the EU.
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47

Adedeji, Amos Ojo. "Impact of Public Complaints Commission as Viable Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanism in Administration of Justice in Nigeria." Dec 2022 - Jan 2023, no. 31 (December 8, 2022): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jls.31.6.17.

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The concept of ombudsman has become an international phenomenon. This study examined the impact of mechanism of dispute resolution with particular reference to Public Complaints Commission (PCC) which is the Nigeria version of ombudsman. The study explores quantitative analysis to address the task. It revealed that PCC has made positive impact in nation building such as checks and balances, timely and free cost of settlement, and watchdog of happenings in the society to mention a few. Despite the laudable achievements of the commission, the study noted inadequate funding, lack of adequate infrastructures, poor publicity, shortage of qualitative manpower and inadequate training, and poor salary scale for the staff as the obstacles militating against the effective delivery of the commission. The study concluded by recommending adequate funding of the commission, conducive office environment, intensive public enlightenment programme, qualified and well trained staff, and improvement of staff remuneration.
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48

Buczkowski, Łukasz. "Zadania i zasady działania Rzecznika Finansowego w świetle prac parlamentarnych nad Ustawą z dnia 5 sierpnia 2015 roku o rozpatrywaniu reklamacji przez podmioty rynku finansowego i o Rzeczniku Finansowym." Polityka i Społeczeństwo 20, no. 1 (2022): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2022.1.1.

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The high level of complexity of financial services means that the need to protect the interests of clients of financial market entities is an important social issue. The disproportion in the level of knowledge of products available on the financial market between professionals and their clients and the lack of standardization of detailed rules for examining complaints by financial market entities were the basis for establishing the Office of the Financial Ombudsman. The aim of the study is to present and evaluate the legislative process accompanying the adoption of the Act of August 5, 2015 and to express a position on the legitimacy of establishing and functioning of the Financial Ombudsman institution in the Polish legal system. To achieve the assumed goal, the method of analyzing parliamentary documents was used, illustrating the complexity and detailed nature of parliamentary work aimed at the comprehensive formation of an institution guarding the interests of clients of financial market entities.
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Linnik, Natalia. "Human rights begin with the rights of the child." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 356–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.1.2020.71.

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The state, with the help of legal norms and the use of power levers regulates social relations, establishes and maintains the necessary order in the country, but also obeys the society itself is called to serve it. The relationship between society and the state, its quality and level is determined in particular by the effectiveness of the policy in the field of children's rights protection.
 At the same time, the role of the institution of the ombudsman (or the commissioner) in the affairs of children is undoubtedly extremely important. Children as one of the most socially vulnerable groups of the population need full protection of their rights.
 The introduction of the Ombudsman's Office in Ukraine is a serious step in improving the protection of children's rights. At the same time the transformational processes that take place in the Ukrainian society today predetermine the need for further research on the content and mechanisms of implementation of state policy in the field of children's rights protection. To do this, it is necessary to conduct an analysis of the domestic and foreign experience of the functioning of the institution of the ombudsman for the rights of the child, which is the purpose of this article.
 Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyze the national and foreign experience of functioning of the Ombudsman Institute for the Rights of the Child. The article discusses the prerequisites and features of the establishment of the Ombudsman for Child Rights in Ukraine and the problems of its modern functioning. The models of construction of the Ombudsman Institute in foreign countries are analyzed: Germany, Finland, Canada, New Zealand, Austria, Sweden and Australia. The article also emphasizes the need to improve the system of jurisdictional protection of the rights of the child and the adoption of the Law on the Commissioner for the Rights of the Child in Ukraine.
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Chen, Mai. "New Zealand's Ombudsmen Legislation: The Need for Amendments After Almost 50 Years." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 41, no. 4 (2010): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v41i4.5210.

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It has been almost fifty years since the original Parliamentary Commissioner (Ombudsman) Act was passed in 1962, the precursor to the current Ombudsmen Act 1975. Since that time, the role has expanded significantly and the constitutional framework in which the Ombudsman operates has also changed significantly, yet the legislation has never undergone a thorough review. In this article, Mai Chen examines how Ombudsmen are a key tool in the Public Law Toolbox. She reviews the functions of the Office, showing that it can be more effective than courts in addressing issues of public administration in some circumstances, due to its accessibility, low cost to the complainant, and range of remedies available. The article concludes that as so much of the Ombudsmen's work is in private, the lack of formal use of statutory powers to compel or to make formal recommendations may actually evidence their effectiveness in using persuasion to get those complained about to redress the problem. Ms Chen makes a number of reform proposals to reflect recent developments, and to allow the Office to fulfil its constitutional role including a specific public education function, a 20 working day deadline on providing the Ombudsmen with any information requested, a presumption of jurisdiction for bodies exercising public powers affecting the public and which are publicly funded, an express power to comment on law-making with implications for the Ombudsmen and Official Information Acts, extending jurisdiction to "committees of the whole" in Local Government, and a single fixed term to protect Ombudsmen independence in office. The article also considers whether wide use of the name Ombudsmen should be allowed for private sector investigative and complaints bodies.
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