Journal articles: 'Saccharase'

1

Kátai, János, Zsolt Sándor, Magdolna Tállai, and Ágnes Zsuposné Oáh. "Evaluation some important microbiological parameters of the carbon cycle in chernozem soils profiles." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 70 (October 24, 2016): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/70/1814.

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Some chemical and microbiological properties of the carbon cycle were investigated in three chernozem soil profiles. The soil profiles originated from a long term fertilization experiment (potato) of the University of Debrecen, Látókép, Kryvyi Rig Botanic Garden (grassland) and a large-scale farm (sunflower) of Ukraine. The results of the organic C-content, total number of bacteria, microscopical fungi, cellulose decomposing bacteria, CO2-production, microbial biomass carbon and saccharase and dehydrogenase activities were compared and evaluated with the help of correlation analyses. Close correlation was found between the organic carbon content and the number of microscopical fungi,, saccharase and dehydrogenase enzymes’ activities, as well as close correlation was found between the dehydrogenase activity and microbial biomass-C and saccharase activity.

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J, Bayarmaa, and Purev D. "Enzyme activity of zhargalant farm soil, central province of Mongolia." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 22, no. 03 (May 9, 2018): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v22i03.953.

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We conducted monitoring analysis of cellulase, saccharase, protease, urease, acid and alcaline phosphatase activities of Zhargalant farm soil, Central province of Mongolia. From the results it is clear seen that for the year activity of cellulase, protease and urease are increased but activity of saccharase decreased. The activity of acid phosphatase on control, wheat and nearby wheat field soils decreased but on rape and nearby rape fields its activity increased. About alkaline phosphatase its activity decreased on control and soil of wheat field, on soils of nearby wheat, rape and nearby rape fields its activity increased. For the field where seeding crops did not produces there was positive correlation between humus and enzyme activity, but for the soils were the crops were sown this correlation changes depending on the enzymes. This trend is also observed for the soils of nearby fields.

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Jensen, Poul Erik. "Familial Saccharase Deficiency Entailing Intolerance to Cane Sugar." Acta Paediatrica 52 (January 21, 2008): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1963.tb08743.x.

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Stano, Ján, Peter Siekel, Karol Mičieta, and Alfred Barth. "Study of immobilized and extracellular saccharase of watermelon." Acta Histochemica 108, no. 5 (November 2006): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acthis.2006.05.003.

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Brezovcsikné, Maria Antal, and Attila Anton. "Comparative Studies on Saccharase Activity of Different Hungarian Soils." Zentralblatt für Mikrobiologie 141, no. 7 (1986): 495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0232-4393(86)80001-4.

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Zhao, Fazhu, Jieying Wang, Lu Zhang, Chengjie Ren, Xinhui Han, Gaihe Yang, Russell Doughty, and Jian Deng. "Understory Plants Regulate Soil Respiration through Changes in Soil Enzyme Activity and Microbial C, N, and P Stoichiometry Following Afforestation." Forests 9, no. 7 (July 20, 2018): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9070436.

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Soil respiration (SR) is an important process in the carbon cycle. However, the means by which changes in understory plant community traits affect this ecosystem process is still poorly understood. In this study, plant species surveys were conducted and soil samples were collected from forests dominated by black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), with a chronosequence of 15, 25, and 40 years (RP15, RP25, and RP40, respectively), and farmland (FL). Understory plant coverage, evenness, diversity, and richness were determined. We investigated soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), phosphorus (MBP), and stoichiometry (MBC:MBN, MBC:MBP, and MBN:MBP). Soil enzyme assays (catalase, saccharase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase), heterotrophic respiration (HR), and autotrophic respiration (AR) were measured. The results showed that plant coverage, plant richness index (R), evenness, and Shannon-Wiener diversity were higher in RP25 and RP40 than in RP15. SR, HR, and AR were significantly higher in the forested sites than in farmland, especially for SR, which was on average 360.7%, 249.6%, and 248.2% higher in RP40, RP25, and RP15, respectively. Meanwhile, catalase, saccharase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase activities and soil microbial C, N, P, and its stoichiometry were also higher after afforestation. Moreover, significant Pearson linear correlations between understory plants (coverage, evenness, diversity, and richness) and SR, HR, and AR were observed, with the strongest correlation observed between plant coverage and SR. This correlation largely depended on soil enzymes (i.e., catalase, saccharase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase), and soil microbial biomass C, N, and P contents and its stoichiometry, particularly urease activity and the MBC:MBP ratio. Therefore, we conclude that plant communities are drivers of soil respiration, and that changes in soil respiration are associated with shifts in soil enzyme activities and nutrient stoichiometry.

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Juknevičienė, Edita, Honorata Danilčenko, Elvyra Jarienė, and Jürgen Fritz. "The effect of horn-manure preparation on enzymes activity and nutrient contents in soil as well as great pumpkin yield." Open Agriculture 4, no. 1 (August 21, 2019): 452–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2019-0044.

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AbstractThis investigation was inspired by an increasing global issue on how to improve soil quality while using alternative preparations instead of synthetic fertilizers. The main aim of a three-year study was to investigate the influence of horn-manure preparation on enzyme activity and nutrient content in soil and pumpkin yield. The results showed that significantly higher amounts of P (respectively 106 and 79 mg kg−1 CAL), K (149 and 106 mg kg−1 CAL), nitrogen (5.41 and 3.21 mg kg−1), ammoniacal nitrogen (9.38 and 3.45 mg kg−1) and mineral nitrogen (7.97 and 5.67 mg kg−1) were measured in the plots where the horn-manure preparation was used. A higher activity of the soil enzymes (urease activity was 1.93 times higher and the saccharase activity was 1.05 times higher) were identified with horn-manure. The average soil CO2 flux (Fc) value, when using horn-manure preparation (from 56 till 70 day), was significantly higher by 5.32% in the middle of the growing season. The yield of pumpkin was significantly increased by 18% with horn manure treatments. Significant positive correlations were identified between pumpkin yield and urease activity, and saccharase activity, as well as soil P and K.

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Malá, Š., P. Karasová, M. Marková, and B. Králová. "Oligosaccharide synthesis using a-glucosidases of different origin." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 19, No. 2 (February 7, 2013): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6576-cjfs.

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a-Glucosidase from Aspergillus awamori and intestinal a-glucosidase (saccharase-isomaltase complex) exhibited high transglycosylation activity and were able to synthesize tri- and tetrasaccharides during maltose hydrolysis. Both tested enzymes were also able to transfer the glucose residue to all tested monosaccharide acceptors (D-mannose, D-xylose, L-sorbose and D-galactose). Their transfer activity towards respective acceptors varied and their acceptor preference also depended on the origin of the enzyme. Out of the acceptors tested, both enzymes exhibited high transfer activity in xylose.

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9

Kátai, János, Thomas Döring, Magdolna Tállai, Andrea Balla-Kovács, István Henzsel, Marianna Makádi, Zsolt Sándor, and Imre Vágó. "Influence of alternative plant nutrition methods on soil microbial characteristics in long-term experiments." Agrokémia és Talajtan 67, no. 1 (June 2018): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/0088.2018.67.1.6.

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The size of the arable land is constantly decreasing all over the world due to severe anthropogenic disorders. Plant production therefore has to be adapted to changing environmental conditions along with the proper selection of crop varieties and the application of sustainable environmental technologies which also consider economic aspects. The investigations were carried out in the Westsik long-term fertilization experiment near Nyíregyháza, East Hungary, which was set up in 1929 (89 years ago). Alternative forms of nutrient supplies (A) (green manure, straw with and without fermentation, organic fertilizer with and without inorganic fertilizer supplements) were used in different crop rotations. The test plant was potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and the soil type sand with a low humus content (Arenosols). A further long-term experiment is located on calcareous chernozem soil (Chernozems) in Debrecen (set up in 1983, 35 years ago). In one part of this experiment, organic farming (OF) has been carried out with a pea, winter wheat and maize crop rotation for over 15 years with no inorganic fertilization. In another block in this experiment, changes in soil properties as a result of the medium and high doses of fertilizers applied in intensive farming (I) were evaluated with a maize (Zea mays L.) monoculture as the test plant. The results obtained with alternative nutrient supplies (green manure, fermented and unfermented straw, farmyard manure, fertilization) proved that the soil organic carbon content increased to varying degrees in humus-poor, acidic sand soil. The organic matter content of the soils increased in response to the treatments, contributing to a significant enhancement in soil microbial parameters (MBC, saccharase, dehydrogenase and phosphatase enzyme activities). The carbon dioxide production and saccharase enzyme activity in organic plots (OF) were significantly lower than in intensively farmed (I) soils. At the same time, in the case of organic farming (OF) the microbial biomass carbon, phosphatase and dehydrogenase activity were significantly higher in OF plots than in I plots. Compared to the control soil, MBC was 7-8 times higher in organic plots and 1.3-3.8 times higher in intensive plots. Organic farming on chernozem soil generally resulted in higher microbial activity (MBC, phosphatase, saccharase and dehydrogenase enzyme activity) than in either intensively farmed chernozem or in the case of alternative farming (A) on sandy soil.

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Feng, Da Lan, Yan Jin, Yu Hong Yang, and Jian Guo Huang. "Distribution and Enzyme Activities in the Soil around the Fertilizes." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 3027–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.3027.

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An incubation experiment was carried out to study various available N pools and enzyme activities in the soil near fertilizers under controlled temperature and soil moisture. Fertilizers added into soil were chemical fertilizer supplied as urea, organic fertilizer as rapeseed straw, and mixture of urea and rapeseed straw in a ratio of 7:3, respectively. 30 days after incubation, NH+4-N, NO-3-N and 1 N NaOH- hydrolyzed N increased in the soil at < 2.5 cm from the fertilizers in two lateral directions, and progressively decreased as the distance to the fertilizers increased. The results indicated the intensive available N release from the fertilizers and easy movement of fertilizer N. Taking into account of dense roots in cultivated soil layers and easy migration of N fertilizers, broadcast application of N fertilizers could be efficient in the middle growing periods of crops. There was neither obvious influence of urea application on urease activity nor significant correlation between urease activity and NH4+-N in the soil. Therefore, it seems reasonable to suggest that urea hydrolysis catalyzed by urease might be fast, unlikely the rate-limiting step in the process of urea transformation into NH4+-N. Further study showed the high activities of saccharase and protease in the soil only at 0.25 cm from the organic fertilizers added either in pure rape straw or mixture with urea. Saccharase and protease on the interface between organic fertilizer and soil could thus accelerate N release of organic fertilizers as available forms through organic N decomposition, resulting in the high available N pools in the soil near organic fertilizers.

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11

Kátai, János. "Changes in Soil Characteristics in a Mono- and Triculture Long-term Field Experiment." Agrokémia és Talajtan 55, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/agrokem.55.2006.1.20.

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The effects of fertilization, irrigation and crop rotation on the major soil parameters and microbiological soil properties were studied at Debrecen-Látókép in the 16 th and 17 th years of the fertilization experiment on calcareous chernozem soil. The results can be summarized as follows: In the examination period the moisture content of the experimental soil increased by 2-3% due to irrigation. With increasing fertilizer doses, the pH value of soils reduced both in aqueous and M KCl suspension, but it did not change considerably at medium and high fertilizer doses. The hydrolytic acidity increased with decreasing pH values. The nitrate-N, AL-soluble phosphorus and potassium contents increased gradually with increasing fertilizer doses. Among the soil microbial parameters, the total number of germs increased slightly, while the amount of nitrifying bacteria was significantly higher due to fertilization. As a result of fertilization , a significant increase was detected in the phosphatase and urease activityin both crop rotations and irrigation treatments. The activity of saccharase and catalase was reduced at medium and high fertilizer doses. In addition to changing the moisture content of soils irrigationincreased the total number of germs and the amount of nitrifying and cellulose decomposing bacteria. Irrigation provided more favourable conditions for CO 2 production, increasing the microbial biomass C content and for the functioning of phosphatase and urease enzymes. In triculture the number of nitrogen-fixing and cellulose decomposing bacteria was higher than in monoculture, especially in the case of medium and high fertilizer doses. The activity of phosphatase, saccharase and urease enzymes was significantly higher in triculture than in monoculture.

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12

Varga, Csaba, and Balázs Helmeczi. "Effect of Soil Covering on the Soil Enzyme Activity of Integrated Orchard." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 14 (September 22, 2004): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/14/3363.

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The purpose of our experiments is to discover the effect of different soil cover matters (agrofoil and black polyethylene) on the activity of some enzymes (phosphatase, saccharase, urease, catalase, dehydrogenase) occuring in soil. Soil samples were taken from a cider apple plantation of the Fruit Producing Research and Advisory Kht Újfehértó. The enzyme activity was measured according to Krámer and Erdei (1959a), Kuprevič and Tsherbakova (1956), Kuprevič et al. (1966), Frankenberger and Johanson (1983), Mersi and Schinner (1991). Soil moisture content was by conventional (drying chamber) method measured during every sampling and enzyme activity was transpolated to absolute dry soil. Results were estimated by mathematical methods (variation analysis, correlation counting). Soil samples were taken by trials 5 times (in every two months) a year in the vegetation period from March to November.By recording the monthly changes of the enzyme activity we have observed the following. The activity of the phosphatase was generally the highest in May and the lowest in November. Depending on the trials, high values were also measured in March and September. The activity of the saccharase was generally the highest in November and the lowest in June, but at the same time peaks even occured in May and September. The highest urease avtivity was measured in September and November, and the lowest activity in May and July, also depending on the trials. In the year 2000, after a deep point in March, the activity of the catalase was the highest in November or by certain trials in September. In 2001, the lowest activity was also measured in March, but the highest activity appeared in November in case of one-minute trial, and in May in consequence of two-minute trial. Finally the activity of dehydrogenase was the highest in November and the lowest in July apart from the model years.There were essential differences in rainfall of the two experimental years which was reflected in the enzyme activities. There was a poor positive significant relationship between soil moisture content and enzyme activity values in case of phosphatase, saccharase, urease (r=0,426; 0,480; 0,396) respectively. In case of catalase1 (r=0,518), catalase (r=0,556), dehydrogenase (r=0,559) we obtained a medium strong positive relationship between soil moisture content and enzyme activity values. By evaluating the effect of different trials in case of every examined enzyme significantly higher values were detected in soils covered by agrofoil (a porous black polyethylene) than in soils covered by black polyethylene or in uncovered soils. Moreover, the soil covered by black polyethylene showed significantly higher enzyme activities (besides phosphatase) than the control soil. Thus soil-covering meant statistically significant advantages in enzyme activity as opposed to uncovered soil proved.

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13

Sauerstein, J., and G. Reuter. "Nachweis und Charakterisierung einer konstitutiven Lävansucrase und einer epigenetisch regulierten Saccharase inPseudomonas syringae pv.phaseolicola." Journal of Basic Microbiology 28, no. 9-10 (1988): 667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jobm.3620280927.

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14

Dongyang, Su, Zhang Yang, Zhang Gaofang, Wang Weimin, Zhang Yongjun, and Zhu Li-Yun. "Optimize the Extract of Polysaccharides from Chlorella pyrenoidosa Based on Inhibitory Effects of Saccharase." Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 10, no. 1 (January 5, 2016): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/ajfst.10.1752.

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15

Bonjour, S., S. Berthet, C. Desaldeleer, M. Donato, and T. Bourrier. "Quand l’allergie alimentaire n’en est pas une : deux cas de déficit congénital en saccharase-isomaltase (DCSI)." Revue Française d'Allergologie 58, no. 3 (April 2018): 270–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reval.2018.02.132.

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Tállai, Magdolna. "The effect of bentonite on the quantity change of soil microorganisms, the CO2-production and the activity of saccharase enzyme." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 26 (July 16, 2007): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/26/3088.

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We examined the impact of bentonite – the perspective improving material of sandy soils – and treatments of livestock manure composted with bentonite on sandy soils, within the framework of a small-plot experiment.The adjustment of the experiment was made on the Experiment Site of the Nyíregyháza Research Centre of the University of Debrecen, Centre of Agricultural Sciences (UD CAS). We collected soil samples from parcels treated with increasing bentonite doses (5, 10, 15, 20 t/ha) on the one hand, and from the parcels treated with livestock manure composted with increasing doses of bentonite, on the other.We performed laboratory research in the soil microbiology laboratory of the Soil Science Faculty of UD CAS DAS, during which we determined the total number of bacteria, the quantity of microscopic fungi, the number of cellulose-decomposing bacteria, the CO2-production of the soil and the activity of saccharase enzyme.During the evaluation of the examinations, we made a statistical analysis using SPSS 9.0. We determined the average of measurements, the standard deviation of controls, the standard deviation, the significance value and we also performed a correlation analysis.Concerning the impacts of bentonite treatment and the treatment of livestock manure composted with bentonite on the examined microbiological features of sandy soil, we can summarize the following:• Our results prove that the microbiologic activity of the soil has increased owing to the impact of bentonite treatments regarding total number of bacteria and the quantity of microscopic fungi. ”Pure bentonite” treatments – although not significantly in every case – increased these values, but larger doses decreased them. The treatments of livestock manure composted with bentonite resulted in a larger increase regarding both parameters.• The number of cellulose-decomposing bacteria was increased by the low doses of both series, and was decreased by the higher doses. Higher bentonite doses decreased it in a higher – significant – degree than those of treatments of livestock manure composted with bentonite, whose low dose caused salient number of bacteria.• Regarding the carbon-dioxide formation, we have experienced an increase even in the case of low dose treatments (nevertheless, the increase did not prove to be significant), but – similarly to the quantitative changes in the number of cellulose-decomposing bacteria – the large doses of both series of treatment decreased the CO2-production of the soil.• Bentonite also increased the activity of saccharase enzyme significantly. We learned that”pure bentonite” treatments increased the activity of the enzyme to a higher degree than composted treatments. Moreover, it can be stated that the treatments of larger doses of both bentonite and livestock manure composted with bentonite have decreased the enzyme activity – not significantly, though.• Based on the correlation analysis, it can be stated that as an impact of the treatments, the microbiological activity of the soil has also increased with the increase of the number of soil microbes, as in both treatment series we have experienced a tight positive correlation (r=0.81-0.82) between the change of total number of bacteria and the CO2-production of soil. In both treatments, there was a medium correlation between the total number of fungi and soil respiration (r=0.63-0.63). Furthermore, it can be stated that the usage of organic manure had a positive effect on the activity of cellulose-decomposing bacteria, as in this treatment series there was a positive correlation (r=0.65) between this physiological group and CO2-production. Both treatments prosperously impacted the activity of saccharase enzyme, because there was a medium correlation (r=0.62-0.64) between the activity of the enzyme and soil respiration.

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17

Steinmetz, M., and S. Aymerich. "Analyse génétique de sacR, régulateur en cis de la synthèse de la lévane-saccharase de Bacillus subtilis." Annales de l'Institut Pasteur / Microbiologie 137, no. 1 (January 1986): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0769-2609(86)80001-1.

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Bruewer, Matthias, Klaus P. Zimmer, Axel Klotz, Sabine Kersting, Norbert Senninger, and Guido Schuermann. "Decreased concentrations of saccharase-isomaltase and villin in intestinal epithelial cells of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis." Gastroenterology 118, no. 4 (April 2000): A1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(00)80281-4.

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19

Charrier, Maryvonne, and Corinne Rouland. "Les osidases digestives de l'escargot Helix aspersa: localisations et variations en fonction de l'état nutritionnel." Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, no. 11 (November 1, 1992): 2234–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-300.

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Osidases were studied in brown garden snails, Helix aspersa Müller, fed or starved for 4 or 7 weeks. The digestive tract was divided into seven regions: oesophagus, crop, stomach, intestine, rectum, salivary glands, and digestive gland. The results revealed the presence of a large number of enzymes that attack alimentary carbohydrates. However, α-heterosides and starch were poorly hydrolysed, and amylase was not derived from saliva. Enzymatic secretions continued in snails subjected to 7 weeks of starvation and accumulated in the stomach, while these enzymes were active mainly in the oesophagus and the crop during nutrition. Several hypotheses are presented, including that the most active enzymes, mannanases and cellulases, may be secreted both by the salivary glands and by the digestive gland. A similar distribution is postulated for two oligosaccharidases, maltase and saccharase. Since a bacterial flora exists in the digestive tract, we also consider the possibility of a synergistic activity between osidases from the snail and those originating from the microflora.

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Sauerstein, J., and G. Reuter. "Untersuchungen über das Vorkommen von Lävansucrase und Saccharase bei Pathovarietäten vonPseudomonas syringae und eng verwandten nicht phytopathogenen Pseudomonaden." Journal of Basic Microbiology 29, no. 4 (1989): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jobm.3620290413.

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21

He, Wenyuan, Xiaoxu Fan, Zixin Zhou, Huanhuan Zhang, Xiang Gao, Fuqiang Song, and Gui Geng. "The effect of Rhizophagus irregularis on salt stress tolerance of Elaeagnus angustifolia roots." Journal of Forestry Research 31, no. 6 (October 11, 2019): 2063–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-01053-1.

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Abstract We assessed the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation on salt stress tolerance in roots of the drought-tolerant plant Elaeagnus angustifolia. We studied a plant growth index, spore density and hyphal length density of AMF, the Na+ contents and ultrastructure of root cells, as well as rhizosphere soil enzyme activities of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal E. angustifolia seedlings under different salt stress. Under salt stress, growth of E. angustifolia with mycorrhizal inoculation was higher than that of non-inoculated treatments. The spore density and hyphal length density decreased significantly under salt stress in rhizosphere soil of mycorrhizal E. angustifolia seedlings (p < 0.05). The root cells of E. angustifolia seedlings inoculated with R. irregularis at 300 mmol L−1 salt had more organelles, greater integrity, and lower root Na+ contents than those of non-inoculated seedlings. In addition, the results showed notably higher activities of catalase, phosphatase, urease and saccharase in rhizosphere soil of the mycorrhizal seedlings in response to salinity compared to those of the non-mycorrhizal seedlings. Therefore, AMF inoculation could enhance salt stress tolerance in roots of E. angustifolia.

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Zhou, Feng Li, Sha Xue, Bing Wang, and Guo Bin Liu. "Effects of Different Vegetation Types on Soil Microbiological Properties on the Loess Plateau." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 4893–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.4893.

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The re-establishment of natural species-rich health lands on abandoned farmland is one of the main measures in soil erosion control in the Loess Plateau of China. This study was conducted to understand how enzyme activities changed with nutritional properties and microbial biomass in different vegetation types in the loessial gully region of the Loess Plateau. Soil samples were collected in different vegetations which had planted for almost 30 years. For the collected soils, nutritional, microbial and enzymatic properties were determined. The result showed that soil nutritional properties and microbial biomass were enhanced in black locust-amorpha, compared with black locust, but weakened in Chinese pine-amorpha compared with Chinese pine. Besides, soil urease, α-amylase, alkaline phosphatase, catalase, saccharase and cellulase activities in creased with restoration, but decreased polyphenol oxidase. Moreover, urease activity was obviously high in korshinsk peashrub and black locust for the nitrogen fixation of them, and α-amylase was high in Chinese pine for low pH value. However, there still was a certain gap to Chinese arborvitae which was considered to be the climax community in the region. In general, the distance of vegetations to Chinese arborvitae was grassland > black locust > Chinese pine> korshinsk peashrub > Chinese pine-amorpha > black locust-amorpha.

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Brencher, Lisa, Frank Petrat, Katrin Stych, Tim Hamburger, and Michael Kirsch. "Effect of Glycine, Pyruvate, and Resveratrol on the Regeneration Process of Postischemic Intestinal Mucosa." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1072969.

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Background. Intestinal ischemia is often caused by a malperfusion of the upper mesenteric artery. Since the intestinal mucosa is one of the most rapidly proliferating organs in human body, this tissue can partly regenerate itself after the onset of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Therefore, we investigated whether glycine, sodium pyruvate, and resveratrol can either support or potentially harm regeneration when applied therapeutically after reperfusion injury. Methods. I/R of the small intestine was initiated by occluding and reopening the upper mesenteric artery in rats. After 60 min of ischemia and 300 min of reperfusion, glycine, sodium pyruvate, or resveratrol was administered intravenously. Small intestine regeneration was analyzed regarding tissue damage, activity of saccharase, and Ki-67 positive cells. Additionally, systemic parameters and metabolic ones were obtained at selected periods. Results. Resveratrol failed in improving the outcome after I/R, while glycine showed a partial beneficial effect. Sodium pyruvate ameliorated metabolic acidosis, diminished histopathologic tissue injury, and increased cell proliferation in the small intestine. Conclusion. While glycine could improve in part regeneration but not proliferation, sodium pyruvate seems to be a possible therapeutic agent to facilitate proliferation and to support mucosal regeneration after I/R injury to the small intestine.

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Cui, Tuantuan, Linchuan Fang, Mengke Wang, Mao Jiang, and Guoting Shen. "Intercropping of Gramineous Pasture Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and Leguminous Forage Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Increases the Resistance of Plants to Heavy Metals." Journal of Chemistry 2018 (July 5, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7803408.

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Intercropping can increase the biomass of plants and reduce the accumulation of heavy metals in plants. However, the mechanisms of intercropping increasing plant biomass and resistance to heavy metals are still unclear. Therefore, the pot experiment had been conducted to investigate the effect of intercropping treatment on the growth of gramineous pasture ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and leguminous forage alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in metal-contaminated soil. Our results showed that intercropping alleviated inhibition of heavy metals to plant growth and increased nitrogen and chlorophyll contents in the shoots and roots. Moreover, the Pb concentrations in the shoots and roots of ryegrass and alfalfa in the intercropping were significantly lower than those in the monoculture. And, the contents of saccharase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased in the intercropping treatment. Additionally, the intercropping treatment could reduce the oxidative damage and increase enzymatic antioxidant activities to improve the resistance of plants in contaminated soil. The intercropping treatment can increase the resistance of plants to heavy metals through reduction of plant oxidative damage and increase of antioxidant activity. It could provide us with a strategy that intercropping of ryegrass and alfalfa can increase biomass and reduce the absorption of Pb on forage plants.

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Ma, Kang, Yuxiu Zhang, Mengying Ruan, Jing Guo, and Tuanyao Chai. "Land Subsidence in a Coal Mining Area Reduced Soil Fertility and Led to Soil Degradation in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 20 (October 16, 2019): 3929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203929.

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Underground coal mining in western China causes heavy land subsidence and alters the soil ecology. However, the effects of land subsidence on soil fertility are not currently known, and the key factors governing its impact remain unclear in sandy land. We investigated the effects of land subsidence induced by underground mining on the soil quality in western China. Soil samples were collected at 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm from control and subsidence areas in three coal mines. The results showed that the soil water content (SWC), clay and silt percentage, total nitrogen (TN), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK) of the subsidence areas were significantly lower than those of the control areas. The saccharase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase activities in the subsidence areas decreased compared to those in the control areas, while the sand percentage of soil tended to increase. Soil nutrient contents, bacterial quantities, and activities of soil enzymes were positively correlated with SWC. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the soil particle size distribution, SWC, and electrical conductivity (EC) were the major environmental factors driving changes in soil properties. These results indicated that land subsidence induced by coal mining caused losses in surface soil water and nutrients, and ultimately led to soil quality degradation. Therefore, the reclamation of mining subsidence land might be necessary, especially in arid and semi-arid areas.

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Vaitkevičienė, Nijolė, Elvyra Jarienė, Reto Ingold, and Jasmin Peschke. "Effect of biodynamic preparations on the soil biological and agrochemical properties and coloured potato tubers quality." Open Agriculture 4, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2019-0002.

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AbstractThe aim of this research, which was undertaken in three years (2013-2015), was to evaluate the effect of biodynamic (BD) preparations 500 and 501 on soil biological and agrochemical properties and potato tuber quality. The soil samples were analyzed for: available phosphorus, available potassium, ammonia nitrogen, nitrogen (sum of nitrate and nitrite nitrogen) and mineral nitrogen. The potato samples were analyzed for: total polyphenols content, total anthocyanin’s content and antiradical activity. The research revealed that significantly the highest concentrations of available phosphorus, available potassium, nitrogen and mineral nitrogen in the soil throughout the growing season were identified on the 14th day after soil application of BD preparation 500 (before potato planting). As well as, soil spray application of BD preparation 500 resulted in higher enzyme activity (urease and saccharase). When the BD preparation 501 was applied, the content of total phenolic compounds in the tubers of cultivars Blue Congo and Red Emmalie was significantly higher, 20.1% and 5.4%, respectively; the content of anthocyanins were significantly higher in the tubers of three tested cultivars. However, the application of this preparation did not have any effect on the content of total phenolic compounds and on the antioxidant activity of Vitelotte tubers. The use of both preparations (500+501) had significant effects only on anthocyanins accumulation in the tubers of Blue Congo and Vitelotte. The application of preparation 500 significantly decreased the content of anthocyanins in the tubers of cvs. Red Emmalie and Vitelotte.

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Kátai, János, á. Oláh, Zs Sándor, and M. Tállai. "Comparison of soil parameters of the carbon and nitrogen cycles in a long-term fertilization field experiment." Agrokémia és Talajtan 63, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/agrokem.63.2014.1.14.

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In a long-term fertilization field experiment set up in Debrecen-Látókép in 1983 on calcareous chernozem soil the changes in the chemical and microbiological characteristics related to the carbon and nitrogen cycles of the soil are shown and evaluated. The soil samples were taken in the 26th and 27th years of the experiment, (in 2009, 2010) from maize monoculture and tri-culture. In addition to the effects of fertilizer doses, correlations among soil chemical and microbiological properties were established; and the various ratios among some microbiological parameters were also evaluated.The elements of NPK fertilizers increased together with the doses, so the elements’ effect cannot be separated, the minimum factor is not identifiable.With increasing fertilizer doses, the soil pH decreased in both the mono- and triculture, parallelly there was a significant increase in hydrolytic acidity. A close negative correlation was proved between the pH(H2O) and hydrolytic acidity and pH(KCl) and hydrolytic acidity. An increased soil nutrient content was recorded in each NPK treatment, the available phosphorus and nitrate content increased in a higher proportion than that of potassium.Among the measured parameters of the carbon and nitrogen cycles fertilization had a positive influence on the organic carbon (OC), organic nitrogen (ON), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) contents, the number of cellulose decomposing and nitrifying bacteria, the nitrate exploration and CO2-production, while it mainly had negative effects on the investigated enzymes (saccharase and urease) activity.Evaluating the ratios among the measured parameters, fertilization seems to have promoted the increase in nitrogen-containing organic compounds, because the OC/ON and MBC/MBN ratios decreased due to the effect of different doses of NPK fertilizers in both cultures.

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Yang, Fengshan, Siyuan Yang, Jiangli Xu, Yanbo Wang, Mengying Gao, Manxia Zhang, Wenlong Dai, Haiyan Fu, Weimin Zeng, and Chunguang Liu. "Dynamic Response of Soil Enzymes and Microbial Diversity to Continuous Application of Atrazine in Black Soil of a Cornfield without Rotation in Northeast China." Diversity 13, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13060259.

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Atrazine has been extensively used in China’s agricultural production for a long time and the potential risks to the environment have received widespread attention. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the continuous application of atrazine on soil herbicide residues, soil enzyme activity, and microbial community structure, as well as to provide a theoretical reference for the appropriate application of atrazine and the improvement of soil. Previous studies have focused on the effects of atrazine on soil microorganisms, but the experiments used higher doses than recommended. To reveal the actual effects of atrazine on soil microorganisms, the recommended dose of atrazine was used for 0, 1, and 2 years. We studied atrazine residues and enzyme activity in the soil, and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) were measured to study the structure of the soil microbiome. The results show that the rate of atrazine degradation occurred rapidly after the initial administration, and with the increase in continuous administration, its half-life decreased from 24.6 d in the first year to 14.1 d in the second year. The application of atrazine significantly affected soil urease activity and cellulase activity, but it had no significant effect on saccharase activity. The continuous application of atrazine had a significant effect on the biomass of cultured bacteria in soil, but not on the biomass of culturable fungi and actinomycetes in the soil. Furthermore, the results of PLFA analysis show that the application of atrazine had a significant effect on the microbial structure of the soil. These results indicate that the significant increase in the degradation rate of atrazine during continuous application is related to the high adaptability of the soil microbiome.

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Dumond, P., J. Schmitz, J. J. Baudon, A. Lachaux, J. L. Ginies, C. Lenaerts, J. P. Chouraqui, et al. "SFP-19 – Hépatologie, gastro-entérologie et nutrition – Le déficit congénital en saccharase-isomaltase, étude rétrospective de 53 cas diagnostiqués de 1963 à 2003 : faisons-nous mieux qu’avant ?" Archives de Pédiatrie 15, no. 5 (June 2008): 928–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-693x(08)72086-4.

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Kátai, J., M. Tállai, Zs Sándor, and Á. Oláh Zsuposné. "Effect of bentonite and zeolite on some characteristics of acidic sandy soil and on the biomass of a test plant." Agrokémia és Talajtan 59, no. 1 (June 1, 2010): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/agrokem.59.2010.1.20.

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In a pot experiment the effect of bentonite and zeolite doses [0; 5; 10; 15 and 20 g·kg soil -1 ] was studied on some chemical properties and ten soil microbiological and enzymological properties of an acidic [pH(H 2 O) = 5.65] humic sandy soil [WRB: Lamellic Arenosol (Dystric)], as well as on the biomass of perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.), as test plant. The pot experiment was set up in 2007 and 2008 at the Department of Agrochemistry and Soil Science of the Debrecen University in three replications. The average results of the two year experiment can be summarized as follows: The pH increased due to the effect of small and medium amendment doses. The bentonite treatments proved to be more effective than the zeolite doses. As the pH increased, the hydrolytic acidity – in case of the bentonite treatments significantly – decreased. Concerning the easily available nutrient content of soil, the small and medium amendment doses turned out to be effective. The large bentonite doses reduced the nitrate-N content, the easily available phosphorus and potassium contents of soil. Large dose zeolite treatments decreased the nitrate-N content, but increased both the phosphorus and potassium content of soil, in most cases significantly. Regarding the measured soil microbial parameters, the small and medium amendment doses were the most effective. The bentonite and zeolite treatments increased the biomass of perennial ryegrass, especially the small and medium doses of bentonite and the large dose of zeolite brought about significant increases. According to the statistical analyses moderate and close correlations were found between the parameters studied. In the bentonite treatments a close correlation was established between the aerobic cellulose decomposing bacteria and saccharase enzyme activity (r = 0.864) of soil. In the case of zeolite treatments, a close correlation was found between the number of nitrifying bacteria and microbial biomass C (r = 0.911) of soil.

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Baazeem, Alaa, Abdulaziz Almanea, Palanisamy Manikandan, Mohammed Alorabi, Ponnuswamy Vijayaraghavan, and Ahmed Abdel-Hadi. "In Vitro Antibacterial, Antifungal, Nematocidal and Growth Promoting Activities of Trichoderma hamatum FB10 and Its Secondary Metabolites." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 5 (April 24, 2021): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050331.

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Microbial natural biocides have attracted much more attention in recent years in order to avoid the unrestricted use of chemical biocides in the environment. The aim of this study is to analyze the antibacterial and antifungal activities of secondary metabolites and growth promoting, nematicidal, and soil enzyme activity mediated by Trichoderma hamatum FB10. The bactericidal and fungicidal activities were performed using cell-free extract. Results revealed that the selected strain exert antibacterial activity against Acidovorax avenae, Erutimacarafavora, and Xanthomonas campestris. The selected fungal strain FB10 showed antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens such as, S. sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Alternaria radicina, Alternaria citri, and Alternaria dauci. Among the bacterial pathogens, A. avenae showed least MIC (30 ± 2.5 µg/mL) and MBC (70 ± 1.25 µg/mL) values. T. hamatum FB10 strain synthesized bioactive volatile secondary metabolite, which effectively inhibited the growth of bacteria and fungi and indicated the presence of 6-pentyl-alpha-pyrone as the major compound (67.05%). The secondary metabolite synthesized by T. hamatum FB10 showed nematicidal activity against M. incognita eggs. Egg hatch inhibition was 78 ± 2.6% and juvenile stage mortality rate was 89 ± 2.5% when the strain FB10 was treated with nematode. The cell free extract of T. hamatum FB10 showed protease, amylase, cellulase, chitinase, glucanase activities. T. hamatum FB10 inoculated with green gram increased 11% plant height, compared to the control. The fresh weight of the experimental group inoculated with T. hamatum FB10 increased 33.6% more compared to the control group. The green gram seedlings inoculated with T. hamatum FB10 increased 18% more dry weight than control group. Soil enzymes such as, urease, phosphatase, catalase and saccharase were improved in the soil inoculated with T. hamatum FB10. These biochemical components play potent role in soil fertility, energy conversion, and in soil organic matter conversion.

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Bruno, T. I. B., E. M. Zanotti-Magalhães, L. A. Magalhães, and J. F. Carvalho. "Influence of saccharose on the development of cercariae from Schistosoma mansoni strains BH and SJ." Brazilian Journal of Biology 65, no. 1 (February 2005): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842005000100007.

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The development of cercariae from Schistosoma mansoni strains BH and SJ in Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria tenagophila treated with saccharose was studied. The molluscs were maintained in dechlorinated tap water containing 0.01% saccharose. After one week of treatment with saccharose, B. glabrata and B. tenagophila were exposed to ten S. mansoni miracidia, from BH and SJ strains respectively. Control snails of both species were maintained in dechlorinated tap water without saccharose and exposed to the same number of miracidia. There was no significant difference between the infection rates of snails treated or not with saccharose. However, the two groups of B. glabrata had significantly greater infection rates than the corresponding B. tenagophila groups. Molluscs treated with saccharose had a lower survival rate, with the greatest mortality occurring immediately before and at the beginning of cercariae release. Treatment with saccharose did not result in the release of more cercariae, but larvae from molluscs so treated showed a greater capacity to penetrate mouse skin, which was attributed to the greater energy supply during larval development in the mollusc.

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Tállai, Magdolna. "The application of bentonite and zeolite for soil amelioration in acidic sandy soil." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 36 (November 2, 2009): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/36/2803.

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In a pot experiment, we have studied the effect of bentonite and zeolite in different dosages [control; 5; 10; 15; 20 g kg-1] on acidic (pHH2O=5.65) humus sandy soil. The experiment was set up in 2007 and 2008 in the greenhouse of the UD CASE Department of Agrochemistry and Soil Science. As a test plant, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was used. In laboratory examinations, pH(H2O), pH(KCl), hidrolytic acidity, nitrate-N content, readily available phosphorus and potassium content were determined. Among soil microbial parameters, the total number of bacteria, the cellulose-decomposing bacteria, the carbon-dioxide production, the microbial biomass-C content of soil, and the saccharase enzyme activity were measured. In the experiment the biomass of the test plant was determined.The effect of bentonite and zeolite in different dosages can be summarized as follows:− The pH increased under the effect of low dosages. With the increasing of the pH the hydrolytic acidity - at the bentonite treatments significantly – decreased. − Regarding the readily available nutrient content of the soil, low and medium dosages proved to be effective. High dosages of bentonite treatments reduced the nitrate-N content, the readily available phosphorus, and potassium content of soil, by zeolite treatments the high dosages reduced the nitrate-N content of soil. − Regarding the measured soil microbial parameters in both treatments low and medium dosages proved to be also effective, but the high dosages didn’t cause decreasing at the total number of bacteria, and by zeolite treatments the biomass-C content of soil.− Also the bentonite and zeolite treatments enlarged the biomass of the test plant. We experienced significant increasing by bentonite treatments by the effect of medium and high dosages, while in zeolite treatments only the high dosage caused significantly increasing in plant biomass. The largest dosages decrease the plant biomass. − Under the statistical analysis we found many medium and tight correlation between the studied parameters.

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Asfar, Andi Muhamad Iqbal Akbar. "CHARACTERIZATION OF SACCHARIDE SUGAR IN CORN SEED (Zea Mays Saccharata) BY USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY METHOD." Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan 7, no. 1 (December 21, 2017): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jbat.v7i1.11416.

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This study characterizes the saccharide sugar contained in whole sweet corn seeds by extracting using Ultrasound Assisted Solvent Extraction for 60 minutes with 24 kHz frequency using ethanol solvent with concentrations of 70%, 75%, 80%, and 85%. The concentrated extract was then characterized by using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) method. Sample test conducted were tested to odor, color and shelf life of extract and determination of water content, ash content, and characterization of saccharide sugar from GCMS test. The odor and color test results show that the extract had a distinctive smell of sweet corn, yellow, and had the ability to store good extract in the condition of the room. The water content of each sample ranged from 3% - 9% with the lowest water content was in 85% concentration sample which was 3.62%, while the ash content ranged from 1.5% with the highest ash content which was in 85% concentration sample which was 1.59%. The results of characterization were identified by 3 compounds having the highest percentage of 2-Furaldehyde, Hexamethyl Cyclotriloxane, and 1,2,4-Trimethyl Benzene with the percentage of 26,94%, 9,95% and 13,82% respectively. 2-Furaldehyde includes heterocyclic aldehyde group sugars, whereas Hexamethyl Cyclotriloxane and 1,2,4-Trimethyl Benzene belong to the class of organosilicon and aromatic hydrocarbons. 2-Furaldehyde or Furfural serves as a tongue nerve stimulator and has great potential to be developed as an important non-petroleum-based chemical raw material. The GCMS results provide information that the obtained 2-Furaldehyde has a molecular formula C5H4O2 or C4H3OCHO which is a monosaccharide group which is aldose with the number of C atoms classified as pentose. The retention time was 3.062 minutes with a mass peak of 300 m/z with molecular weight was 96 g/mol.

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Loncar, Eva, Katarina Kanuric, Radomir Malbasa, Mirjana Djuric, and Spasenija Milanovic. "Kinetics of saccharose fermentation by Kombucha." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 20, no. 3 (2014): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq121113016l.

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Kinetics of saccharose fermentation by Kombucha is not yet well defined due to lack of knowledge of reaction mechanisms taking place during this process. In this research kinetics of saccharose fermentation by Kombucha was analysed using the suggested empirical model. The data were obtained on 1.5 g L-1 of black tea, with 66.47 g L-1 of saccharose and using 10% (v/v) or 15% (v/v) of Kombucha. Total number of viable cells was as follows: approximately 5x105 of yeast cells per mL of the inoculum and approximately 2x106 of bacteria cells per mL of the inoculum. The samples were analysed after 0, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 10 days. Their pH values and contents of saccharose, glucose, fructose, total acids and ethanol were determined. A saccharose concentration model was defined as sigmoidal function at 22oC and 30oC, and with 10% (v/v) and 15% (v/v) of inoculum quantity. Determination coefficients of the functions were very high (R2>0.99). Reaction rates were calculated as first derivatives of Boltzmann?s functions. No simple correlation between rate of reaction and independent variables (temperature and inoculum concentration) was found. Analysis of empirical model indicated that saccharose fermentation by Kombucha occurred according to very complex kinetics.

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Carlotti, M. E., S. Sapino, E. Ugazio, E. Peira, and M. Gallarate. "O/W Moisturizing Emulsions with Saccharose Palmitate and Saccharose Stearate." Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 29, no. 3 (February 2008): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932690701716135.

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Gross, Jürgen H. "Saccharose cluster ions as mass calibrants in positive-ion direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry." European Journal of Mass Spectrometry 26, no. 5 (September 13, 2020): 324–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469066720958535.

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In positive-ion direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry (DART-MS), mono-, di, and trisaccharides form [M+NH4]+ ions. Some of them, in addition, yield abundant [Mn+NH4]+ cluster ions (n = 1–6)), and thus, can serve for mass calibration. Saccharose, C12H22O11, the most common sugar, also termed sucrose, is among the [Mn+NH4]+ cluster ion forming species. Saccharose may therefore be employed as a cheap and ubiquitous mass calibration standard. The extent of saccharose cluster ion formation depends on the temperature of the DART gas, sample load, and instrumental parameters like trapping conditions of ions prior to mass analysis. This study identifies optimized experimental conditions and demonstrates the application of saccharose cluster ion-based mass calibration for accurate mass measurements in DART mode on a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer.

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Lamere, C., S. E. Siswosubroto, R. Hadju, and M. Tamasoleng. "Pengaruh substitusi gula pasir dengan ekstrak jagung manis (Zea mays l sacchara) terhadap sifat organoleptik es krim." ZOOTEC 41, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.41.1.2021.32012.

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THE EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTION OF SUGAR WITH SWEET CORN (Zea Mays L Sacchara) ON ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES OF ICE CREAM. This study aims to determine the level of preference of panelists on ice cream by substituting sugar with sweet corn extract. This study uses a complete randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments as follows P0 = 200 g sugar, P1 = 50 g sweet corn + 150 g sugar, P2 = 100 g sweet corn + 100 g sugar, P3 = 150 g sweet corn + 50 g sugar, P4 = 200 g sweet corn with 40 replications.The observed variables are color, aroma, texture, taste. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA, for very significantly different variables followed by the BNJ test. The results showed that the substitution of sugar with different sweet corn extracts had a significant effect (P <0.01) on the aroma, texture and taste, but not the color. Based on the results and discussion, the substitution of sugar with sweet corn extract (Zea mays saccharata), P1 (150 grams of sugar and 50 grams of sweet corn extract) gives good results on the ice cream organoleptic properties ice cream of sweet corn extractedKeywords: Ice cream, Sweet Corn, Sugar

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Tomila, T. V., M. V. Vlasova, M. G. Kakazey, K. L. Vyshnyakova, A. V. Ragulya, and L. N. Pereselentseva. "Fine defective structure of silicon carbide powders obtained from different starting materials." Science of Sintering 38, no. 2 (2006): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos0602177t.

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The fine defective structure of silicon carbide powders obtained from silicic acid-saccharose, aerosil-saccharose, aerosil-carbon black, and hydrated cellulose-silicic acid gel systems was investigated. The relation between IR absorption characteristics and the microstructure of SiC particles obtained from different starting materials was established. The numerical relationship between the lattice parameter a and the frequency ?TO is presented.

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Teychené, Johanne, Hélène Roux-de Balmann, and Sylvain Galier. "Advances in the Understanding of the Transfer of Saccharides through NF Membranes in the Presence of Electrolytes by Coupling Quantum Mechanics and Thermodynamic Methods." Membranes 11, no. 5 (May 5, 2021): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11050341.

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Different studies have shown that the presence of electrolytes modifies the nanofiltration performances and that the variation of the neutral solute transfer is mainly governed by the modification of the solute properties. The objective of this work is to strengthen the understanding of the impact of the ion composition and to progress in the long-term objective for the prediction of the nanofiltration performances. The methodology is based on the comparison of the hydration properties obtained by experimental and theoretical approaches with the mass transfer of saccharides. The key role of the saccharide hydration number to understand the impact of the ionic composition on the saccharide transfer is clearly demonstrated. Moreover, it is established that the number of saccharide/cation interactions, which increases with the cation coordination number, is a key parameter to understand the mechanisms governing the impact of the nature of the cation on the saccharide mass transfer modification. Finally, correlations are obtained between the saccharide hydration number decrease and the variation of the saccharide radius calculated using a hydrodynamic model for different ionic compositions and operating modes (diffusion and filtration). From these results, it could be possible to evaluate the saccharide transfer for a given saccharide/electrolyte system transfer.

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Cammaerts, Marie-Claire, Roger Cammaerts, and Zoheir Rachidi. "Physiological and Ethological Disruptions Induced by a Mixture of Saccharose/Sucralose 99.5/0.5 - A Study on Ants as Models." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care 8, no. 4 (September 10, 2016): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/ajprhc/2016/7304.

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Experiments made on ants as biological models revealed that a saccharose/sucralose 95.5/.05 mixture increased sugar water consumption, decreased general activity, precision of reaction, audacity, brood caring, cognition and ability in acquiring visual conditioning (short term memory), induced aggressiveness against nestmates, and slightly reduced tactile perception. It may not change the speed of locomotion and did not affect middle and long term memory. The adverse effects may be related to the strong sugared taste of the mixture (in presence of sugar and the saccharose/sucralose mixture, the ants slightly preferred the mixture) though it contains little sugar, and to the toxic chloropropanols sucralose may produce. When ants consumed again sugar instead of a saccharose/sucralose mixture, their aggressiveness rapidly decreased during eight hours and entirely vanished in 29 hours.

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Yuan, Dan, Xuewen Du, Junfeng Shi, Ning Zhou, Abdulgader Ahmed Baoum, and Bing Xu. "Synthesis of novel conjugates of a saccharide, amino acids, nucleobase and the evaluation of their cell compatibility." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 10 (October 16, 2014): 2406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.10.250.

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This article reports the synthesis of a novel type of conjugate of three fundamental biological build blocks (i.e., saccharide, amino acids, and nucleobase) and their cell compatibility. The facile synthesis starts with the synthesis of nucleobase and saccharide derivatives, then uses solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) to build the peptide segment (Phe-Arg-Gly-Asp or naphthAla-Phe-Arg-Gly-Asp with fully protected groups), and later, an amidation reaction in liquid phase connects these three parts together. The overall yield of these multiple step synthesis is about 34%. Besides exhibiting excellent solubility, these conjugates of saccharide–amino acids–nucleobase (SAN), like the previously reported conjugates of nucleobase–amino acids–saccharide (NAS) and nucleobase–saccharide–amino acids (NSA), are mammalian cell compatible.

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Vitali, Vera Maria Valle, Nara Ballaminut, and Dácio Roberto Matheus. "Decolorization of CI Reactive Blue 222 by immobilized basidiomycetes in response to different carbon and nitrogen inputs." Hoehnea 45, no. 2 (June 2018): 352–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-49/2017.

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ABSTRACT Reactive dyes are found in the final effluents of the textile industry and cannot be removed by conventional treatment processes. The use of basidiomycetes appears to be an effective strategy to degrade dye molecules. In this paper, the parameters that favor decolorization of diazo dye were assessed using basidiomycetes immobilized in Luffa cylindrica. Different concentrations of saccharose and urea were assessed, in addition to the introduction of an enriched synthetic effluent. Results showed that the best decolorization occurred at the highest concentration of saccharose and the lowest of urea. It was observed a high biosorptive capacity of the solid support, which decreased when the effluent was enriched with saccharose and urea due to consequent increase in microbial activity. Using the enriched effluent, Pleurotus ostreatus decolorized about 70% within 48 hours, and Trametes villosa decolorized 58% after 240 hours. Peniophora cinerea did not respond to the conditions tested.

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Koprivica, Gordana, Nevena Misljenovic, Ljubinko Levic, and Vjera Pribis. "Changes in nutritive and textural quality of apple osmodehydrated in sugar beet molasses and saccharose solutions." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 40 (2009): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt0940035k.

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The paper describes texture and mineral content of apple, osmotically dehydrated in sugar beet molasses as compared to apples treated in saccharose solution. Osmotic dehydration was conducted at constant temperature of 55?C and atmospheric pressure. During the experiment, the concentration of sugar beet molasses was varied 40 to 80%, the concentration of saccharose solutions was varied in the range of 30 to 70%, and the most important kinetic parametars of the osmotic dehydration, after 1, 3 and 5 hours of immersion were observed. During osmotic dehydration, in the samples which were treated in sugar beet molasses, the content of minerals was increased to a great extent that enhanced their nutritive value. Textural quality parameter was evaluated from the maximum cut force, tested at Instron testing machine. It was found that the samples dehydrated in saccharose solutions had a softer and more gentle texture - the maximum force load decreased threefold as compared to the other samples.

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Miranda, L. A. S., J. A. P. Henriques, and L. O. Monteggia. "Performance of UASB and DAEB reactors in the anaerobic digestion of synthetic wastewater containing sodium oleate and sodium stereate." Water Science and Technology 54, no. 2 (July 1, 2006): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.495.

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This study aimed at evaluating the performance of five laboratory-scale reactors, three UASB and two downflow anaerobic expanded bed (DAEB), fed with saccharose and long chain fatty acids (LCFA) for 410 days. Reactors operated at a temperature of 35 °C. The organic load rates were changed between 3.45 and 6.38 kg COD.m3.d−1.During period I the substrate was saccharose and in periods II, III and IV it was saccharose plus sodium oleate, stereate and a mixture of sodium oleate and stereate. The UASB and DAEB reactors showed a similar performance. In UASB reactors specific methanogenic activity decreased in the periods II, III and IV. COD removal, biogas production and CH4 concentration in biogas decreased in all reactors at the end of the study. A washout occurred in UASB 2 and 3 when sodium stereate exceeded 500 mg.L−1. In DAEB reactors the main problem was adsorption of LCFA particles onto the solid support.

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Reinders, W., and D. W. van Gelder. "Das System Calciumoxyd-Saccharose-Wasser." Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 51, no. 3 (September 3, 2010): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19320510306.

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GRUBER, H., P. WALTER, N. GAMSJAEGER, W. NUSSBAUMER, W. PICHLER, M. WEBER, H. ANDRES, A. BAYANDOR, and G. GREBER. "ChemInform Abstract: Reactive Saccharose Derivatives." ChemInform 22, no. 1 (August 23, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199101370.

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Selbmann, Stefanie, Julia Herfurth, Sandra Petersen, and Joachim Ulrich. "Saccharose Inversion and Metastable Zone." Chemical Engineering & Technology 38, no. 6 (May 6, 2015): 1088–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201400684.

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Zhu, Qi Hong, and Hong Xia Xia. "Influence of Lead (Pb) Stress on the Physiological Growth of Dishlia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 996–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.996.

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Abstract:

This experiment mainly focuses on the influence of lead stress on the growth of dishlia. The result shows that under lead stress,the content of soluble sugar falls then rises as time goes by,while the content of saccharose rises then fall; the content change of starch and superoxide radical in experiment groups is similar to that in the control group but with lower content. Experiment results show that dishlia is tolerant of lead stress and increases such tolerance via soluble sugar,starch,saccharose and superoxide radical

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Prakash, Sunil, Aziz Walele, Nada Dimkovic, Joanne Bargman, Stephen Vas, and Dimitrios Oreopoulos. "Experience with a Large Dose (500 MG) of Intravenous Iron Dextran and Iron Saccharate in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 21, no. 3 (May 2001): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080102100310.

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Objective To compare efficacy in anemia correction and side effects of large doses of intravenous (IV) iron dextran and iron saccharate preparations in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Setting Tertiary-care teaching hospital of University of Toronto. Design Retrospective analysis of 379 PD patients who attended PD clinics in past 5 years. Of these 379 patients, 62 were selected to receive IV iron based on ferrokinetic markers of iron deficiency, noncompliance to or ineffectiveness of oral iron, or increased erythropoietin (EPO) requirement. Intervention Sixty-one patients received two IV iron injections of 500 mg each, 1 week apart, 33 patients received iron dextran, 23 received iron saccharate, and 5 received both iron dextran and iron saccharate. One patient developed anaphylaxis to a test dose of iron dextran and was excluded from further therapy. Blood samples were collected before and 3 and 6 months after iron infusions. Results At 3 months, the group's average hemoglobin rose from 98.3 ± 18.3 g/L to 110.6 ± 16.4 g/L ( p < 0.0001). Ferritin rose from 104.9 ± 115.4 μg/L to 391.5 ± 294.1 μg / L ( p < 0.0001), and iron saturation from 0.17 ± 0.07 to 0.26 ± 0.19 ( p < 0.0001). Erythropoietin requirements fell from 7278.7 IU/week to 5900 IU/week ( p < 0.01). Five of the 34 patients who received iron dextran developed minor side effects and 1 patient had anaphylaxis to the test dose. Of the 23 patients who received iron saccharate, 1 had an anaphylactic reaction and 2 had transient chest pain, which subsided without therapy. Overall, there were more side effects with iron dextran (7.4% of injections) compared to the iron saccharate group (4.3% of injections), but this difference was statistically insignificant. Although statistically insignificant, there was an increase in the number of peritonitis episodes during the 6 months after IV iron infusion, especially with iron dextran, compared to the peritonitis episodes during the 6 months before iron infusions. Conclusion Our study indicates that IV iron in PD patients is effective in restoring iron stores and in decreasing EPO requirements. One anaphylactic reaction occurred in each group. Our data suggest that as much caution be exercised with iron saccharate as with iron dextran. The slight trend toward increased peritonitis rates after iron infusions needs to be investigated in a larger group of patients.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Saccharase'

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