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Journal articles on the topic 'Saddle supports'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Widera, G. E. O., Z. F. Sang, and R. Natarajan. "On the Design of Horizontal Pressure Vessels." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 110, no. 4 (November 1, 1988): 393–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3265621.

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The objective of this paper is to provide analysis results of displacements and localized stresses in horizontal pressure vessels which were determined by using the three-dimensional finite element method. The analysis models utilized realistic geometry, including saddle supports, vessel heads and actual boundary conditions. The results give a detailed distribution of displacements and local stresses in the saddle support area, and show that the maximum stress is located at the horn of the saddle. A comparison of the results for different saddle locations, (A/L), was performed, and a reasonable location for the supports is suggested. Also, examples of parametric analyses and dimensionless design curves for calculating localized stresses are presented. The latter results should prove to be an invaluable aid in the generation of a new design code for horizontal vessels.

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2

Voltr, Ondřej, and Jan Peňáz. "Carrying Capacity of Horizontal Cylindrical Shells on Saddle Supports." Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 41, no. 2 (2013): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pptr.7114.

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3

Yang, L., C. Weinberger, and Y. T. Shah. "Finite element analysis on horizontal vessels with saddle supports." Computers & Structures 52, no. 3 (August 1994): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(94)90224-0.

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4

Kemp, A. R. "Strength of pipes continuous over a series of saddle supports." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 15, no. 3 (January 1990): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-974x(90)90069-s.

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5

Chehrazi, Ali, Scott Walbridge, Sherif Mohareb, Arndt Goldack, and Mike Schlaich. "Probabilistic Fretting Fatigue Analysis of Bridge Stay Cables at Saddle Supports." Structural Engineering International 30, no. 4 (October 10, 2019): 571–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10168664.2019.1661332.

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6

Khan, Shafique M. A. "Stress distributions in a horizontal pressure vessel and the saddle supports." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 87, no. 5 (May 2010): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2010.03.005.

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7

Petrovnin, Yu A. "Investigation of the stress-strain state of tank apparatus on saddle supports." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 29, no. 4 (April 1993): 167–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01152255.

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8

Sheng, Hao, Hsiao-Dong Chiang, and Yan-Feng Jiang. "Local Bifurcations of Electric Distribution Networks with Renewable Energy." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 24, no. 07 (July 2014): 1450102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127414501028.

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Recent years have witnessed a growing trend towards the development and deployment of distributed generation (DG). It is shown that electric distribution networks with DGs can encounter two types of local bifurcations: saddle-node bifurcation and structure-induced bifurcation. The structure-induced bifurcation occurs when a transition between two structures of the distribution network takes place due to limited amount of reactive power supports from renewable energies. The saddle-node bifurcation occurs when the underlying distribution network reaches the limit of its delivery capability. The consequence of structure-induced bifurcation is an immediate instability induced by reactive power limits of renewable energy. It is numerically shown that both types of local bifurcations can occur at both small distribution networks and large-scale distribution networks with DGs. Physical explanations of these two local bifurcations are provided. Studies of local bifurcations in distribution networks provide insights regarding how to design controls to enhance distribution networks with DGs.

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9

Polonyi, Janos. "The Abraham–Lorentz force and electrodynamics at the classical electron radius." International Journal of Modern Physics A 34, no. 15 (May 30, 2019): 1950077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x19500775.

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The Abraham–Lorentz force is a finite remnant of the UV singular structure of the self-interaction of a point charge with its own field. The satisfactory description of such an interaction needs a relativistic regulator. This turns out to be a problematic point because the energy of regulated relativistic cutoff theories is unbounded from below. However, one can construct point-splitting regulators which keep the Abraham–Lorentz force stable. The classical language can be reconciled with QED by pointing out that the effective quantum theory for the electric charge supports a saddle point producing the classical radiation reaction forces.

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10

Kumar, Navin, Surjit Angra, and Vinod Kumar Mittal. "Support Analysis of Horizontal Pressure Vessel Using FEA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 1220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.1220.

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Saddles are used to support the horizontal pressure vessels such as boiler drums or tanks. Since saddle is an integral part of the vessel, it should be designed in such a way that it can withstand the pressure vessel load while carrying liquid along with the operating weight. This paper presents the stress analysis of saddle support of a horizontal pressure vessel. A model of horizontal pressure vessel and saddle is created in Ansys software. For the given boundry and loading conditions, stresses induced in the saddle support are analyzed using Ansys software. After analysis it is found that maximum localized stress arises at the saddle to vessel interface near the saddle horn area. The results obtained shows that the saddle support design is safe for the given loading conditions and provides the theoretical basis for furthur optimisation.

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11

Tooth, A. S., J. S. T. Cheung, L. S. Ong, H. W. Ng, and C. Nadarajah. "The Support of Horizontal Vessels Containing High-Temperature Fluids—A Design Study." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 120, no. 3 (August 1, 1998): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2842051.

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This paper investigates the behavior of horizontal cylindrical vessels, subjected to thermal loading by high-temperature fluid, where the saddles are fixed to the supporting structure. In order to determine an optimum saddle design, three widely used saddle configurations, with differing saddle heights and top saddle plate extensions, are explored. Thereafter, one of the saddle designs is selected to illustrate a decoupling procedure, for the radial and axial expansions, whereby design charts are obtained to derive the maximum stress values for a range of vessel geometries. The finite element approach, using linear elastic, small displacement analysis, is used throughout.

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12

Kumar, Parag, and Shilpa S. "Finite Element Analysis of Cylindrical and Spherical Concrete Vaults." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 6, no. 6 (June 28, 2020): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst060616.

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Concrete shell structures, often cast as a monolithic dome or stressed ribbon bridge or saddle roof. The thin concrete shell structures are a lightweight construction composed of a relatively thin shell made of reinforced concrete, usually without the useof internal supports giving an open unobstructed interior. This project aims to investigate the displacement and to find the maximum shear stress of cylindrical and spherical concrete vaults subjected to pressure load and it’s self-weight. Boundary condition is given for the concrete vaults as simply supported. Concrete vaults of 3m, 6m and 9m span and of length 8m with same loading conditions were applied. If the shear stress is more it is easy to resist the more load on it. ANSYS results shows that the displacement values when compared with cylindrical and spherical shells, Spherical shells can resist more load

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13

Rudan, Smiljko, Stipe Tomašević, and Ivo Senjanović. "Fatigue Analysis of Structural Details of an Oceangoing LPG Ship." Key Engineering Materials 348-349 (September 2007): 573–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.348-349.573.

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Structural details of ship structures are prone to fatigue damage mainly due to high-cycle wave load and low-cycle cargo loading/unloading. Full stochastic fatigue analysis of selected structural details on an oceangoing 6500 cbm LPG ship is presented. A critical Y-joint of longitudinal bulkhead and bilobe tank shell as well as double-bottom girder details are selected due to different reasons. The eccentricity of the Y-joint, leads to significant stress concentration. Saddle supports of gas tanks cause stress concentration in ship double bottom due to weight and dynamic loads. Wave load on ship structure is calculated using linear strip theory for ship in ballast condition and full ship. Wave load is transferred to ship finite element model and notch structural stresses are determined using finite element analysis. Stochastic fatigue analysis is then performed, taking into account sailing route and other ship operational parameters. Finally, fatigue damage summation is done and results are discussed.

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14

Chan, G. C. M., A. S. Tooth, and J. Spence. "An experimental study of the collapse of horizontal saddle-supported storage vessels." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 212, no. 3 (August 1, 1998): 183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954408981529402.

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The use of plastic analysis in the design of horizontal vessels, used for liquid or gas storage, and supported on twin saddles, allows better utilization of the vessel's material and avoids the problems of categorizing the elastic stresses when designing the component. To understand how the vessel collapses onto the saddle, experiments were conducted on a range of model vessels (40 in all) with different radius-thickness ratios ( R/t) and supported on saddles which were either loosely fitted or welded to the vessel. The experimental results show that different collapse mechanisms occurred for loose and welded saddles and also that the modes of failure were dependent upon the value of R/t for the vessel. In general, progressive plastic collapse occurred in those vessels with low values of R/t and elastic-plastic buckling for vessels when higher R/t ratios were employed. This paper presents the detailed experimental results, which are used as the basis of a theoretical design approach; the latter will appear in future papers considering both plastic collapse and buckling failure.

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15

Ochir-Goryaeva, M. V. "Procession of Horsemen on a Gold Plaque from the Siberian Collection of Peter I." Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 46, no. 4 (December 23, 2018): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/1563-0102.2018.46.4.067-073.

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This article describes a group of horsemen depicted on a plaque decorating a rectangular gold casing from the Siberian collection of Peter I. Based on a drawing of the item, published in 1890, the number of characters, their postures and state are assessed. Four horsemen are evidently alive and three are dead. The absence of stirrups indicates the Scytho-Sarmatian age. Judging by the evidence relating to the transportation of the dead among the Turco-Mongol peoples, the scene may be that of a funerary procession. In certain early nomadic burials, the “straddling” position of the deceased (supine with flexed and widely spread legs) is suggestive of dancing or riding. According to a convincing hypothesis proposed by O.V. Obelchenko, who reported such cases in the kurgans of Sogd dating to the 2nd to 1st century BC, the straddling posture of the deceased likely suggests that they had been transported to the grave in the saddle. The funerary procession shown on the gold casing supports such an interpretation. The scene, however, is hardly mundane. More likely, the characters are those of the Scytho-Sarmatian mythology or folklore.

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16

Lim, T. C. "Circular Auxetic Plates." Journal of Mechanics 29, no. 1 (October 16, 2012): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2012.113.

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AbstractThis paper investigates the suitability of auxetic materials for load-bearing circular plates. It is herein shown that the optimal Poisson's ratio for minimizing the bending stresses is strongly dependent on the final deformed shape, load distribution, and the type of edge supports. Specifically, the use of auxetic material for circular plates is recommended when (a) the plate is bent into a spherical or spherical-like cap, (b) a point load is applied to the center of the plate regardless of the edge conditions, and (c) a uniform load is applied on a simply-supported plate. However, auxetic materials are disadvantaged when a flat plate is to be bent into a saddle-like shell. The optimal Poisson's ratios concept recommended in this paper is useful for providing an added design consideration. In most cases, the use of auxetic materials for laterally loaded circular plates is more advantageous compared to the use of materials with conventional Poisson's ratio, with other factors fixed. This is achieved through materials-based stress re-distribution in addition to the common practices of dimensioning-based stress redistribution and materials strengthening.

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17

Svaiter, B. F., and N. F. Svaiter. "The distributional zeta-function in disordered field theory." International Journal of Modern Physics A 31, no. 25 (September 8, 2016): 1650144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x1650144x.

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In this paper, we present a new mathematical rigorous technique for computing the average free energy of a disordered system with quenched randomness, using the replicas. The basic tool of this technique is a distributional zeta-function, a complex function whose derivative at the origin yields the average free energy of the system as the sum of two contributions: the first one is a series in which all the integer moments of the partition function of the model contribute; the second one, which cannot be written as a series of the integer moments, can be made as small as desired. This result supports the use of integer moments of the partition function, computed via replicas, for expressing the average free energy of the system. One advantage of the proposed formalism is that it does not require the understanding of the properties of the permutation group when the number of replicas goes to zero. Moreover, the symmetry is broken using the saddle-point equations of the model. As an application for the distributional zeta-function technique, we obtain the average free energy of the disordered [Formula: see text] model defined in a [Formula: see text]-dimensional Euclidean space.

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18

Wu, J., J. Sheridan, M. C. Welsh, and K. Hourigan. "Three-dimensional vortex structures in a cylinder wake." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 312 (April 10, 1996): 201–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112096001978.

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The three-dimensionality of the velocity field in the wake of a circular cylinder has excited considerable interest and debate over the past decade. Presented here are experimental results that characterize the underlying vorticity field of such wakes. Using particle image velocimetry (PIV), instantaneous velocity fields were measured and from these the vorticity of the longitudinal vortices lying in the region between Kármán vortices was found. Near the saddle point, induced by the stretching of the Kármán vortices, the vorticity of the longitudinal vortices was found to be greater than the Kármán vortices themselves. Their circulation was of the order of 10% of the Kármán vortices. The high levels of vorticity result from the stretching of the longitudinal vortices, as evident in the topology of the vortices. It is shown that the longitudinal vortices are locked in phase to the KármánK vortices, effectively riding on their backs in the braid region. While only one mode of longitudinal vortex formation was observed, evidence was found of a step change in the vorticity levels at a Reynolds number of approximately 200. This is consistent with the transition point between the two modes of vortex shedding shown to exist by Williamson (1988). It had previously been proposed that the observed vortex patterns were consistent with the evolution of the longitudinal vortices from perturbations of vortex lines in the separating shear layer which experience self-induction and stretching from the Kármán vortices. Evidence is presented that supports this model.

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19

KOGAN, I. I., A. MOROZOV, G. W. SEMENOFF, and N. WEISS. "CONTINUUM LIMITS OF “INDUCED QCD”: LESSONS OF THE GAUSSIAN MODEL AT d=1 AND BEYOND." International Journal of Modern Physics A 08, no. 08 (March 30, 1993): 1411–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x9300059x.

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We analyze the scalar field sector of the Kazakov-Migdal model of induced QCD. We present a detailed description of the simplest one-dimensional (d=1) model which supports the hypothesis of wide applicability of the mean-field approximation for the scalar fields and the existence of critical behavior in the model when the scalar action is Gaussian. Despite the occurrence of various nontrivial types of critical behavior in the d=1 model as N→∞, only the conventional large N limit is relevant for its continuum limit. We also give a mean-field analysis of the N=2 model in anyd and show that a saddle point always exists in the region [Formula: see text]. In d=1 it exhibits critical behavior as [Formula: see text]. However when d>1 there is no critical behavior unless non-Gaussian terms are added to the scalar field action. We argue that similar behavior should occur for any finite N thus providing a simple explanation of a recent result of D. Gross. We show that critical behavior at d>1 and [Formula: see text] can be obtained by adding a logarithmic term to the scalar potential. This is equivalent to a local modification of the integration measure in the original Kazakov—Migdal model. Experience from previous studies of the Generalized Kontsevich Model implies that, unlike the inclusion of higher powers in the potential, this minor modification should not substantially alter the behavior of the Gaussian model.

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20

Ong, L. S., and G. Lu. "Optimal support radius of loose-fitting saddle support." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 54, no. 3 (January 1993): 465–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-0161(93)90017-n.

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21

Seng, Ong Lin. "Effectiveness of Wear Plate at the Saddle Support." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 114, no. 1 (February 1, 1992): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2929004.

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A theory is presented to analyze the effectiveness of incorporating a wear plate at the saddle support of a cylindrical pressure vessel. The wear plate can be either welded to the vessel or of loose fitting. The theory is based on a contact stress formulation together with the use of a cylindrical shell bending theory for simply supported cylinder. The effectiveness of the wear plate in reducing the peak circumferential saddle-horn stress is quantified by definition of a stress reduction factor. Parametric data are carried out for the saddle angle of 120 deg. From the study, the optimum thickness of the wear plate for three different angular extensions, are obtained.

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22

Baniotopoulos, C. C. "Saddle-supported pipelines: influence of unilateral support and thickness on the stress state." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 67, no. 1 (June 1996): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-0161(94)00153-7.

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23

Bont, Leo Gallus, Laura Ramstein, Fritz Frutig, and Janine Schweier. "Validation of Catenary-based Methods for Cable Road Layout Planning." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 3, no. 1 (November 10, 2020): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecf2020-07775.

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Cable-based technologies have been a backbone for harvesting on steep slopes. Computing the layout of a single cable road requires considering the standards of structural design, aiming to (1) guarantee structural safety, and (2) provide the required serviceability. Currently applied analysis methods, such as the Pestal method, are unprecise. Alternatively, methods based on the catenary, such as Zweifel or Irvine, are better suited to analyze and predict load path and occurring forces for skylines anchored fix on both ends. However, studies that validate those catenary analyses (concurrently load path and forces) are rare and were not carried out under realistic heavy load conditions. Therefore, the aim of the project was to validate the catenary analyses under realistic, heavy load conditions for cable roads with multiple spans. In two case studies in Switzerland, the deflection in every span as well as the skyline tensile force at the anchor were measured for different load configurations and compared with theoretical computations of Zweifel and Pestal. The approach of Zweifel maps the mechanical properties realistic. However, as proven by our measurements, it slightly overestimated the deflection and the skyline tensile forces because the friction on the supports was neglected (between skyline and saddle). The deflections calculated with the Pestal formulas were significantly larger than the measured values, in particular with heavy load and in large spans. Our measurement studies confirmed that the mechanical properties of a cable road can be described adequately with the algorithm by Zweifel. However, it should be further developed with the inclusion of effects like the friction to improve the efficiency, safety and cost-performance ratio in cable road planning.

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24

Al-Abed, M. R., C. C. Baniotopoulos, C. D. Bisbos, and P. D. Panagiotopoulos. "Saddle-supported pipelines: Computation of the pressure distribution on the pipe-saddle interface." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 44, no. 1-2 (October 1997): 159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0143-974x(97)00043-6.

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25

Yang, Xianwu, Guoan Tang, Xin Meng, and Liyang Xiong. "Classification of Karst Fenglin and Fengcong Landform Units Based on Spatial Relations of Terrain Feature Points from DEMs." Remote Sensing 11, no. 16 (August 20, 2019): 1950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11161950.

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In this paper, a method for extracting Fenglin and Fengcong landform units based on karst topographic feature points is proposed. First, the variable analysis window method is used to extract peaks, nadirs, and saddle points in the karst area based on digital elevation model (DEM) data. Thiessen polygons that cover the karst surface area are constructed according to the locations of the peaks and nadirs, and the attributes of the saddles are assigned to corresponding polygons. The polygons are automatically classified via grouping analysis according to the corresponding spatial combinations of peaks, saddles, and nadirs in the Fenglin and Fengcong landform units. Then, a detailed division of the surface morphology of the karst area is achieved by distinguishing various types of Fenglin or Fengcong landform units. Experiments in the Guilin research area show that the proposed method successfully distinguishes the Fenglin and Fengcong terrain areas and extracts Fengcong landform units, individual Fenglin units, and Fenglin chains. The Fengcong area covers approximately two-thirds of the whole area, the individual Fenglin area covers approximately one-fourth, and the Fenglin chain area covers approximately one-tenth. The development of Fenglin has different stages in the Guilin area. This study provides data support for the detailed morphological study of karst terrain, and proposes a new research idea for the division and extraction of karst landform units.

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26

Cakmak, Ozcan, Ismet Emrah Emre, and Fazil Emre Ozkurt. "Identifying Septal Support Reconstructions for Saddle Nose Deformity." JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery 17, no. 6 (November 2015): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamafacial.2015.1081.

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27

Křupka, V. "Saddle and Lug Supported Tanks and Vessels." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 208, no. 1 (February 1994): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_205_02.

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High stresses originate in the region of the support of circular cylindrical storage tanks and vessels. These influence the brittle fracture and crack growth by cyclic loading. The plastic deformation caused by the squeeze of the saddle into the vessel limits, in particular, the carrying capacity. Besides local stresses the effect of buckling is not negligible. The difference between the loose and welded support is discussed. Unstiffened and ring-stiffened circular cylindrical tanks are taken into consideration. Derived formulae enable the designer to take into account the effect of cyclic load, fatigue and buckling.

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28

Seng, Ong Lin. "Seismic loading on saddle-supported cylindrical vessel." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 51, no. 3 (January 1992): 307–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-0161(92)90103-m.

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29

Magnucki, K., P. Stasiewicz, and W. Szyc. "Flexible saddle support of a horizontal cylindrical pressure vessel." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 80, no. 3 (March 2003): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-0161(03)00023-1.

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30

Al-Abed, M. R., C. C. Baniotopoulos, and C. D. Bisbos. "Effect of liquid filling in saddle-supported pipelines." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 68, no. 2 (September 1996): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-0161(94)00060-3.

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31

Jin, Hong-Ryul, Tae-Bin Won, and Hyeon-Jong Lee. "Management of Combined Deviated and Saddle Nose." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.101.

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Objective To present the surgical algorithm and key maneuvers that were successfully applied in the correction of post-traumatic combined deviated and saddle nose deformity. Methods 25 consecutive patients who had undergone primary rhinoplasty in a tertiary hospital for a post-traumatic combined deviated and saddle nose were enrolled in the study. The patterns of deformity, surgical maneuvers applied, surgical results, and complications were analyzed with chart review, interview with patients, and evaluation of the patient photographs. Mean follow-up period was 19 months. Results Deviated nose combined with minor saddling that had sufficient septal support was most commonly encountered (n=18, 72%) and were treated by straightening the nose and septum, followed by simple onlay grafts. Five patients had combined deviated and saddle nose with loss of septal support (n=5, 20%) and needed septal replacement to facilitate other procedures for correction. In 2 patients (8%) showing deviation with generalized saddling with loss of septal support, an integrated dorsal graft with columellar strut was performed, bypassing the major septal reconstruction. The key maneuvers for correction were septal reconstruction (92%), bilateral osteotomies (84%), and dorsal onlay grafts (100%). No major complications were found. Objective evaluation showed complete correction of the deviation and saddling in 84%, persistent deviation but less than before surgery in 12%, mild residual saddle in 4%. Conclusions Establishing a straight and firm septum supporting the overlying nasal structures is the most important step in correction of post-traumatic combined deviated and saddle nose.

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32

Jian, Ling, Shuqian Shen, and Yunquan Song. "Improving the Solution of Least Squares Support Vector Machines with Application to a Blast Furnace System." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/949654.

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The solution of least squares support vector machines (LS-SVMs) is characterized by a specific linear system, that is, a saddle point system. Approaches for its numerical solutions such as conjugate methods Sykens and Vandewalle (1999) and null space methods Chu et al. (2005) have been proposed. To speed up the solution of LS-SVM, this paper employs the minimal residual (MINRES) method to solve the above saddle point system directly. Theoretical analysis indicates that the MINRES method is more efficient than the conjugate gradient method and the null space method for solving the saddle point system. Experiments on benchmark data sets show that compared with mainstream algorithms for LS-SVM, the proposed approach significantly reduces the training time and keeps comparable accuracy. To heel, the LS-SVM based on MINRES method is used to track a practical problem originated from blast furnace iron-making process: changing trend prediction of silicon content in hot metal. The MINRES method-based LS-SVM can effectively perform feature reduction and model selection simultaneously, so it is a practical tool for the silicon trend prediction task.

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33

Schwab, Harry. "Vibration Testing a Large Guided Missile on Air-Spring Supports." Journal of the IEST 42, no. 4 (July 14, 1999): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.42.4.p56174w22v3rnu15.

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When performing a vibration test on a guided missile, it is necessary to simulate the free-free condition of the missile in flight. This procedure presents technical difficulties because the missile must be supported for the test in the laboratory, and the supports can affect the mode shapes and resonant frequencies. To avoid the problems that occurred when using slings or bungee cords, an air-spring support system was developed. The performance of the air-spring support system exceeded expectations. The missile could be raised quickly and consistently on the saddles, and the supports had minimal effects on the vibration responses.

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34

Ojha, Sakunda. "Rehabilitation of Sunkoshi Small Hydropower Plant (2.6 MK), Nepal after Sequences of Natural Disaster." International Journal of Engineering Technology and Sciences 5, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijets.v5i2.1398.

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Sunkoshi Small Hydropower Plant (SSHP) is a run-of-river type project constructed in Sunkoshi River located in Sindhupalchowk District of Bagmati zone of Central Development Region, Nepal. The plant started its commercial operation since March 2005. During the year 2014, 2015 and 2016 the plant faced series of natural disaster events; landslide at Jure village on 2 August 2014, earthquake (7.8 magnitude) on 25 April 2015, landslide dammed flood in Sunkoshi River on 11 August 2015 and Glacier Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) in Sunkoshi River on 5 July 2016. The Jure landslide created 55 m dam across Sunkoshi River. Thus created landslide dammed lake inundated the powerhouse of SSHP for 36 days. About seven million cubic meters of water was reserved in the lake. The event damaged entire powerhouse building, Electromechanical Equipment (EM), tailrace culvert, portion of steel penstock pipe and staff quarter. The rehabilitation works after Jure landslides included strengthening of powerhouse building and tailrace culvert, winding of generators, replacement of electromechanical equipment and portion of penstock pipe and change of transmission line alignment. On 25 April 2015, most of the rehabilitation works were completed. The EM experts were conducting a wet test for power generation when the power-plant was hit by other natural disaster - earthquake of 7.8 Rector Scale. The earthquake and its aftershocks followed by landslide dammed outburst flood of 11 August 2015 damaged headworks structures - formed a cavern of 56.6 m3 below gravel trap, collapsed entire powerhouse building and damaged newly installed electromechanical equipment, created several landslides along water way alignment and damaged about 900 m of penstock alignment. Some innovations in designs were introduced such as construction of sliding type saddle supports, bio-engineering combined with civil engineering structures to stabilize landslides, retrofitting of powerhouse building, use of crackamite and rock drill and avoidance of heavy masonry wall and gable wall in powerhouse. After rehabilitation works, the power plant re-operated since 4 January 2016 - after about 18 months. However, the plant was again affected by a Glacier Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) in Botekoshi River on 5 July 2016.

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35

Belykh, Vladimir N., and Evgeniya V. Pankratova. "Shilnikov Chaos in Oscillators with Huygens Coupling." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 24, no. 08 (August 2014): 1440007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127414400070.

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We consider van der Pol–Duffing oscillators coupled via a two-dimensional linear system, representing Huygens coupling. We demonstrate that two identical synchronized oscillators can have chaotic movements and exhibit Shilnikov chaos. We rigorously prove the existence of a homoclinic orbit of a saddle-focus and a symmetrical heteroclinic contour of two saddle-foci, leading to the appearance of chaos via the Shilnikov saddle-focus bifurcation. We also support our analytical results with numerical simulations, revealing the main signature of Shilnikov chaos, the coexistence of chaotic and regular attractors with riddled basins of attraction, including wild attractors.

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36

Ong, Lin Seng. "Parametric study of peak circumferential stress at the saddle support." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 48, no. 2 (January 1991): 183–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-0161(91)90021-s.

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37

Patil, Jaydip Gundu, Dr Samir B. Kumbhar, Nilesh More, and Ranjit A. Patil. "FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF SADDLE SUPPORT FOR STACK HEAT EXCHANGER." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 5, no. 5 (September 1, 2020): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2020.v05i05.013.

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Ong, L. S. "Peak Stress and Fatigue Assessment at the Saddle Support of a Cylindrical Vessel." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 117, no. 4 (November 1, 1995): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2842128.

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The maximum stress in a saddle-supported cylindrical storage vessel is often the circumferential stress developed at the tips (or horns) of the saddle support. Although the peak stress at the support is not immediately detrimental to the integrity of a vessel, it would have a long-term effect on the fatigue life of the vessel. This article provides a parametric equation to determine the peak circumferential stress at the support. To assist calculations, a worksheet procedure has been proposed. The parametric equation is accompanied by four graphs, each graph provides values for a geometric variation of the problem. An example has been shown on the application of the parametric equation. A fatigue assessment is also made on the example vessel and comparison is made between ASME and British design codes. The parametric curves can be also used as a set of design curves for specifying support dimensions.

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39

Cil, Yakup, Atacan Emre Kocman, Abdul Kerim Yapıci, and Serdar Ozturk. "Radial bone graft usage for nasal septal reconstruction." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 44, no. 01 (January 2011): 036–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1699476.

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ABSTRACT Background: Although various techniques have been described for correction of crooked and saddle nose deformities, these problems are challenging with high recurrence and revision rates. Conventional septal surgery may not be adequate for nose reconstruction in crooked and saddle nose deformities. Materials and Methods: Between December 2005 and October 2009, six patients with crooked nose and five patients with saddle nose deformities underwent corrective surgery in our clinic. All patients were male, and the mean age was 21 years (range, 19-23 years). We used rigid radial bone graft to prevent redeviation and recurrence following corrective nasal septal surgery. Results: The mean follow-up period was 28 months, ranging from 18 to 46 months. Mean operation time was 4 hours (3-4.5). All patients healed uneventfully. None of the patients required secondary surgery. Conclusions: We believe that radial bone grafts offer a long lasting support in treatment of challenging cases with crooked and saddle nose deformities.

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Thomassin, Jean-Marc, Jérôme Paris, and Thomas Richard-Vitton. "Management and Aesthetic Results of Support Grafts in Saddle Nose Surgery." Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 25, no. 5 (September 2001): 332–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00266-001-0026-6.

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41

Ong, L. S., and G. Lu. "Stress reduction factor associated with saddle support with extended top plate." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 62, no. 2 (January 1995): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-0161(94)00010-g.

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42

El-Abbasi, N., S. A. Meguid, and A. Czekanski. "Three-dimensional finite element analysis of saddle supported pressure vessels." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 43, no. 5 (May 2001): 1229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7403(00)00060-6.

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43

Jiang, Heping, Jiao Jiang, and Yongli Song. "Normal Form of Saddle-Node-Hopf Bifurcation in Retarded Functional Differential Equations and Applications." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 26, no. 03 (March 2016): 1650040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127416500401.

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In this paper, we firstly employ the normal form theory of delayed differential equations according to Faria and Magalhães to derive the normal form of saddle-node-Hopf bifurcation for the general retarded functional differential equations. Then, the dynamical behaviors of a Leslie–Gower predator–prey model with time delay and nonmonotonic functional response are considered. Specially, the dynamical classification near the saddle-node-Hopf bifurcation point is investigated by using the normal form and the center manifold approaches. Finally, the numerical simulations are employed to support the theoretical results.

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De Barros Rocha, Letícia, Ana Leticia Cardoso Pinto, And´ré De Aguiar Santos Filho, Byanka Luanne Da Silva Macedo, Larissa De Cássia Silva Rodrigues, Júlio César Da Rocha Alves, Larissa Salgado de Oliveira Rocha, and Ediléa Monteiro de Oliveira. "Elaboration of a Low-Cost Aquatic Ergometric Bicycle." Journal of Health Sciences 23, no. 2 (June 21, 2021): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2021v23n2p145-148.

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AbstractAfter a visit to a hydrotherapy laboratory, limited resources for use in lower limbs were noted. For this reason, the goal is to design a water bike from low-cost material. The process took place in three phases: (1) project carried out, (2) prototype construction and (3) bicycle construction. The confection was divided into six parts; the materials used were polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes for the construction of sewer system. In addition to PVC materials, other products were used: two plastic pedals; a gel saddle, a seat post, two cranksets, a pipe clamp, a central shaft, two industrial bearings, three 40-millimeter aluminum cylinders and four suction cups. The final product was measured 69 centimeters (cm) in width, 59.05 cm in length; as the seat can be adjusted, the height varies. The prototype ranges from 73 to 102 cm in height and supports up to 85 kilograms (kg). It is concluded that although there is a limitation as to the design of the final product due to the limited formats of the PVC connections and as to the adaptations that must be made so that the final product can support a considerable weight, it is feasible to make a low-cost water exercise bike using PVC as the main material that can be used in the pool. It is noteworthy, however, that this product will still be tested to ascertain functionality as for equipment for clinical practice. Keywords: Hydrotherapy. Low-Cost Technology. PVC Pipes. ResumoApós a visita em um laboratório de hidroterapia denotou-se a limitação de recursos para membros inferiores. Devido a isso, o objetivo é elaborar uma bicicleta aquática de material de baixo custo. O processo se deu em três fases: (1) design realizado, (2) produção do protótipo e a (3) construção da bicicleta. A confecção foi dividida em seis partes; os materiais utilizados foram tubos de Policloreto de vinila (PVC) para esgoto predial. Além de materiais de PVC foram utilizados outros produtos: dois pedais de plástico; um selim de gel, um canote, dois pedivelas, uma braçadeira de tubo, um eixo central, dois rolamentos industriais, três cilindros de alumínios 40 milímetros e quatro ventosas. O produto final teve como medida 69 centímetros (cm) de largura, 59,05 cm de comprimento; como o banco pode ser regulado, a altura varia. o protótipo varia entre 73 a 102 cm de altura e suporta até 85 quilogramas. Conclui-se então que embora haja limitação quanto ao design do produto final por conta dos limitados formatos das conexões de PVC e quanto à adaptações que devem ser feitas para que o produto final consiga suportar um peso considerável, é viável a confecção de uma bicicleta ergométrica aquática de baixo custo utilizando o PVC como material principal e que pode ser utilizada na piscina. Destaca-se, entretanto, que este produto ainda será testado para averiguar a funcionalidade quanto equipamento para a prática clínica. Palavras-chave: Hidroterapia. Tecnologia de Baixo Custo. Tubulações de PVC.

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Chan, Geok Chai Moses, Alwyn S. Tooth, and John Spence. "A study of the buckling behaviour of horizontal saddle supported vessels." Thin-Walled Structures 30, no. 1-4 (January 1998): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0263-8231(97)00029-3.

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46

Seng, Ong Lin. "Analysis of twin-saddle-supported vessel subjected to non-symmetric loadings." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 35, no. 5 (January 1988): 423–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-0161(88)90137-8.

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47

Křupka, Vlastimil. "The background to a new design proposal for saddle supported vessels." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 46, no. 1 (January 1991): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-0161(91)90068-d.

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48

Zhang, Chenyi, Jiaqi Leng, and Tongyang Li. "Quantum algorithms for escaping from saddle points." Quantum 5 (August 20, 2021): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-08-20-529.

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We initiate the study of quantum algorithms for escaping from saddle points with provable guarantee. Given a function f:Rn→R, our quantum algorithm outputs an ϵ-approximate second-order stationary point using O~(log2⁡(n)/ϵ1.75) queries to the quantum evaluation oracle (i.e., the zeroth-order oracle). Compared to the classical state-of-the-art algorithm by Jin et al. with O~(log6⁡(n)/ϵ1.75) queries to the gradient oracle (i.e., the first-order oracle), our quantum algorithm is polynomially better in terms of log⁡n and matches its complexity in terms of 1/ϵ. Technically, our main contribution is the idea of replacing the classical perturbations in gradient descent methods by simulating quantum wave equations, which constitutes the improvement in the quantum query complexity with log⁡n factors for escaping from saddle points. We also show how to use a quantum gradient computation algorithm due to Jordan to replace the classical gradient queries by quantum evaluation queries with the same complexity. Finally, we also perform numerical experiments that support our theoretical findings.

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49

Hojjati Najafabadi, Akbar, Saeid Amini, and Farzam Farahmand. "Improving sit-to-stand transition by the saddle-assistive device in the spinal cord injury: A case study." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 235, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09544119211003370.

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Physical problems caused by fractures, aging, stroke, and accidents can reduce foot power; these, in the long term, can dwindle the muscles of the waist, thighs, and legs. These conditions provide the basis for the invalidism of the harmed people. In this study, a saddle-walker was designed and evaluated to help people suffering from spinal cord injury and patients with lower limb weakness. This S-AD works based on body weight support against the previously report designs. This saddle-walker consisted of a non-powered four-wheel walker helping to walk and a powered mechanism for the sit-to-stand (STS) transfer. A set of experiments were done on the STS in the use of the standard walker and the saddle-assistive device(S-AD). A comparison of the results showed that this device could reduce the vertical ground reaction force (GRF) of the legs up to 70%. Using this device could help a wide range of patients with lower limb weakness and SCI patients in changing from sitting to standing.

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ANDREI, OANA CELLA, MIRCEA HORIA ŢIEREAN, MIHAI BURLIBAŞA, LUMINIŢA DĂGUCI, MONICA SCRIECIU, CĂTĂLINA FARCAŞIU, ADRIANA BISOC, ILEANA IONESCU, CONSTANTIN DĂGUCI, and LIVIA ALICE TĂNĂSESCU. "Masticatory Area Influence on Stress in Saddle in Attachments Implant Supported Dentures." Romanian Biotechnological Letters 24, no. 4 (August 20, 2019): 684–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25083/rbl/24.4/684.691.

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