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Herrmann, Frank. "Untersuchungen zu funktionellen Wechselwirkungen des Kernproteins SAF-A." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10605130.
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Dernoncourt, Emma. "SAF-A - hnRNP U : une protéine à l'interface du métabolisme de l'ARN et des dommages à l'ADN." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU30246.
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Des connexions entre la réponse aux dommages à l'ADN et le métabolisme de l'ARN ont récemment été mises en évidence. Mon équipe a identifié une protéine de liaison à l'ARN, SAF-A/hnRNP U, comme un substrat de la DNA-PK, kinase clé de la réparation des cassures double-brin de l'ADN. J'ai étudié l'implication de SAF-A dans la réponse aux dommages de l'ADN. Après micro-irradiation laser, SAF-A-GFP est recrutée transitoirement sur le site de dommage avant d'en être exclue. Ces deux phases sont indépendantes. Le recrutement de SAF-A dépend de PARP, tandis que son exclusion dépend d'ATM, d'ATR et de la DNA-PK. Le domaine de liaison à l'ARN de SAF-A reproduit la dynamique de SAF-A. Ce domaine interagit majoritairement avec des protéines de liaison à l'ARN, dont FUS et TAF15, qui présentent une dynamique similaire. L'inhibition de la transcription abolit la phase d'exclusion de SAF-A, suggérant que l'exclusion concerne la fraction de SAF-A engagée dans la transcription. Des conditions anormales de transcription conduisent à la formation d'hybrides ARN:ADN (R-loop). Pour les détecter, nous avons construit une lignée cellulaire exprimant une RNAseHI fusionnée à la mCherry et inactive (RmC), mais qui peut se lier aux R-loops. Après micro-irradiation laser, la RmC est recrutée sur l'ADN endommagé. Lorsque l'exclusion de SAF-A est bloquée, le recrutement de la RmC est prolongé. La surexpression de la RNAseHI mutée compromet la survie cellulaire après irradiation aux rayons X. Ces résultats mettent en évidence l'exclusion des protéines de liaison à l'ARN comme la conséquence d'un mécanisme de résolution des R-loops se formant suite aux dommages de l'ADN dans les régions transcritesAn expanding aspect of the DNA Damage Response (DDR) is its connexion with RNA metabolism. My team has identified the RNA-binding protein SAF-A/hnRNP U as a substrate for DNA-PK, the key kinase in DNA double-strand breaks repair. I have investigated SAF-A involvement in the DDR. After laser microirradiation, SAF-A-GFP dynamics exhibited a two phases profile with a first transient recruitment in the damaged nuclear area followed by a prolonged exclusion. The two phases were uncoupled. SAF-A recruitment was PARP-dependent, while its exclusion relied on ATM, ATR and DNA-PK. SAF-A RNA-binding domain recapitulated SAF-A dynamics after DNA damage. Mass-spectrometry analysis using this domain as a bait identified mostly RNA-binding partners, at least two of them (FUS and TAF15) exhibited similar dynamics. Upon transcription inhibition, SAF-A exclusion was abolished, supporting that it concerns the pool of SAF-A engaged in RNA metabolism. Given that abnormal transcription conditions have been shown to promote RNA:DNA hybrids formation (R-loop), we constructed a cell line expressing a catalytically inactive mCherry-tagged RNAseHI (RmC), which retains its ability to bind R-loop. RmC recruitment to the laser damage site was abolished upon transcription inhibition. When SAF-A exclusion was blocked, RmC exhibited a prolonged recruitment, supporting that SAF-A release is a readout of R-loops resolution post-DNA damage. Finally, overexpressing this mutated RNAseHI negatively impacted cell survival after X-ray irradiation. These results uncover an anti-R-loop mechanism at DNA damage sites in transcribed areas testified by the post-damage exclusion of RNA-binding proteins from these sites
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White, David James. "Development of a methodology for identifying effective countermeasures in Regional Safety Management Programs using a Bayesian Safety Assessment Framework (B-SAF)." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20987.
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Amaro, Lucinda Oliveira. "Estudo da resistÃncia à corrosÃo do aÃo inoxidÃvel duplex UNS S31803 OU SAF 2205 submetido a processo de soldagem." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3196.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel SuperiorEste trabalho objetiva estudar a influÃncia da energia de soldagem na resistÃncia à corrosÃo do aÃo inoxidÃvel duplex UNS S31803 ou SAF 2205. Para isto foi avaliada a susceptibilidade do material soldado à corrosÃo intergranular e por pite e sua relaÃÃo com a microestrutura da zona afetada termicamente pelo calor durante o processo de soldagem. Foram tambÃm avaliadas a microdureza e a quantificaÃÃo de fases para correlacionÃ-los com a microestrutura. As tÃcnicas eletroquÃmicas utilizadas neste estudo foram a de reativaÃÃo e a de polarizaÃÃo potenciodinÃmica cÃlcica. A avaliaÃÃo da microestrutura foi feita por microscopia Ãtica. A energia dispersiva de raios X foi usada para terminar a composiÃÃo quÃmica do material como recebido. Os resultados mostraram que na faixa de energia utilizada (4 a 18KJcm-1) nÃo houve corrosÃo intergranular na zona afetada pelo calor. Os testes eletroquÃmicos e de imersÃo em FeCl36% mostraram que o material soldado à susceptÃvel a corrosÃo por pite e que a susceptibilidade à maior com o aumento da energia de soldagem. O potencial de pite aumenta com o percentual de ferrita, enquanto a dureza à pouco influenciada pela energia de soldagem
The aim of this work is to study the influence of the welding energy in the corrosion resistance of UNS S31803 or SAF 2205, duplex stainless steel. For this purpose, double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation and cyclic polarization were the electrochemicaltechniques used to evaluate the susceptibility of the welded steel to intergranular and pitting corrosion, respectively. The microstructure observed using an optical microscope wich also made possible to assess the phase quantification. Hardness measurements were also carried out. The electrochemical results showed that the welded steel is not susceptible to the intergranular. On the other hand, all the welded steel were susceptibles to pitting corrosion wich is rising with the welding energy. Aditionally, the pitting potencial increase with the ferrite content in the welded steel, while the hardness is not strongly influenced by the welding energy
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Amaro, Lucinda Oliveira. "Estudo da resistência à corrosão do aço inoxidável duplex UNS S31803 ou SAF 2205 submetido a processo de soldagem." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2006. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/15939.
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AMARO, L. O. Estudo da resistência à corrosão do aço inoxidável duplex UNS S31803 ou SAF 2205 submetido a processo de soldagem. 2006. 72 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência de Materiais) – Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2006.Submitted by Marlene Sousa (mmarlene@ufc.br) on 2016-03-31T18:25:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_loamaro.pdf: 5065360 bytes, checksum: cd8a5eb5b5b003484ec6bd7d404097c0 (MD5)
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The aim of this work is to study the influence of the welding energy in the corrosion resistance of UNS S31803 or SAF 2205, duplex stainless steel. For this purpose, double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation and cyclic polarization were the electrochemicaltechniques used to evaluate the susceptibility of the welded steel to intergranular and pitting corrosion, respectively. The microstructure observed using an optical microscope wich also made possible to assess the phase quantification. Hardness measurements were also carried out. The electrochemical results showed that the welded steel is not susceptible to the intergranular. On the other hand, all the welded steel were susceptibles to pitting corrosion wich is rising with the welding energy. Aditionally, the pitting potencial increase with the ferrite content in the welded steel, while the hardness is not strongly influenced by the welding energy
Este trabalho objetiva estudar a influência da energia de soldagem na resistência à corrosão do aço inoxidável duplex UNS S31803 ou SAF 2205. Para isto foi avaliada a susceptibilidade do material soldado à corrosão intergranular e por pite e sua relação com a microestrutura da zona afetada termicamente pelo calor durante o processo de soldagem. Foram também avaliadas a microdureza e a quantificação de fases para correlacioná-los com a microestrutura. As técnicas eletroquímicas utilizadas neste estudo foram a de reativação e a de polarização potenciodinâmica cílcica. A avaliação da microestrutura foi feita por microscopia ótica. A energia dispersiva de raios X foi usada para terminar a composição química do material como recebido. Os resultados mostraram que na faixa de energia utilizada (4 a 18KJcm-1) não houve corrosão intergranular na zona afetada pelo calor. Os testes eletroquímicos e de imersão em FeCl36% mostraram que o material soldado é susceptível a corrosão por pite e que a susceptibilidade é maior com o aumento da energia de soldagem. O potencial de pite aumenta com o percentual de ferrita, enquanto a dureza é pouco influenciada pela energia de soldagem
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Kolpa, Heather J. "XIST and CoT-1 Repeat RNAs are Integral Components of a Complex Nuclear Scaffold Required to Maintain SAF-A and Modify Chromosome Architecture: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2004. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/825.
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XIST RNA established the precedent for a noncoding RNA that stably associates with and regulates chromatin, however it remains poorly understood how such RNAs structurally associate with the interphase chromosome territory. I demonstrate that transgenic XIST RNA localizes in cis to an autosome as it does to the inactive X chromosome, hence the RNA recognizes a structure common to all chromosomes. I reassess the prevalent thinking in the field that a single protein, Scaffold Attachment Factor-A (SAF-A/hnRNP U), provides a single molecule bridge required to directly tether the RNA to DNA. In an extensive series of experiments in multiple cell types, I examine the effects of SAF-A depletion or different SAF-A mutations on XIST RNA localization, and I force XIST RNA retention at mitosis to examine the effect on SAF-A. I find that SAF-A is not required to localize XIST RNA but is one of multiple proteins involved, some of which frequently become lost or compromised in cancer. I additionally examine SAF-A’s potential role localizing repeat-rich CoT-1 RNA, a class of abundant RNAs that we show tightly and stably localize to euchromatic interphase chromosome territories, but release upon disruption of the nuclear scaffold. Overall, findings suggest that instead of “tethering” chromosomal RNAs to the scaffold, SAF-A is one component of a multi-component matrix/scaffold supporting interphase nuclear architecture. Results indicate that Cot-1 and XIST RNAs form integral components of this scaffold and are required to maintain the chromosomal association of SAF-A, substantially advancing understanding of how chromatin-associated RNAs contribute to nuclear structure.
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Kolpa, Heather J. "XIST and CoT-1 Repeat RNAs are Integral Components of a Complex Nuclear Scaffold Required to Maintain SAF-A and Modify Chromosome Architecture: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2016. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/825.
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XIST RNA established the precedent for a noncoding RNA that stably associates with and regulates chromatin, however it remains poorly understood how such RNAs structurally associate with the interphase chromosome territory. I demonstrate that transgenic XIST RNA localizes in cis to an autosome as it does to the inactive X chromosome, hence the RNA recognizes a structure common to all chromosomes. I reassess the prevalent thinking in the field that a single protein, Scaffold Attachment Factor-A (SAF-A/hnRNP U), provides a single molecule bridge required to directly tether the RNA to DNA. In an extensive series of experiments in multiple cell types, I examine the effects of SAF-A depletion or different SAF-A mutations on XIST RNA localization, and I force XIST RNA retention at mitosis to examine the effect on SAF-A. I find that SAF-A is not required to localize XIST RNA but is one of multiple proteins involved, some of which frequently become lost or compromised in cancer. I additionally examine SAF-A’s potential role localizing repeat-rich CoT-1 RNA, a class of abundant RNAs that we show tightly and stably localize to euchromatic interphase chromosome territories, but release upon disruption of the nuclear scaffold. Overall, findings suggest that instead of “tethering” chromosomal RNAs to the scaffold, SAF-A is one component of a multi-component matrix/scaffold supporting interphase nuclear architecture. Results indicate that Cot-1 and XIST RNAs form integral components of this scaffold and are required to maintain the chromosomal association of SAF-A, substantially advancing understanding of how chromatin-associated RNAs contribute to nuclear structure.
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Oliveira, Caroliny Gomes de. "Assessment of susceptibility corrosion of stainless steel super duplex UNS S32750 (SAF 2507) AND UNS S32760 (ZERON100) using a EPR portable cell." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=13348.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorThe great demand for techniques that can detect and determine the degree of susceptibility to corrosion motivated thedevelopment of a research project that resulted in the construction of a portable electrochemical cell that has been validated according to ASTM A262. The success of this technique for nondestructive evaluation has motivated the expansion of this technique to other materials and phenomena of precipitation. In this work it was evaluated the use of this EPR-DL portable cell used applied for assessing the susceptibility to corrosion in super duplex stainless steels UNSS32750 and UNSS32760.Those materials were heat treated at 475ÂC and 850ÂC at different time of creating different patterns precipitation of deleterious phases to be detected by the cell. The solutions used were: 2M H2SO4 +0.01 M KSCN +0.5 M NaCl (solution 1 ) and 2M H2SO4 +0.01 M KSCN +1.0 M NaCl (solution 2) and the speedsscanswerestudied: 1.67 mV / s , 3.0 mV / s and 6.0 mV / s. To prove the presence of deleterious phases precipitation and associate them with the electrochemical behavior presentedby the electrochemical cell, the sampleshad theirmicrostructuresanalyzedby optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive of X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Also the consumption of ferrite magnetic phase was assessed with ferrite scope and performed Vickers hardness tests to analyze the increasing in hardness due to precipitation of deleterious phases. It was observed by OM, SEM / EDS, ferrite scope, EPR- DL and Vickers hardness, that as much longer the heat treatment the amount of deleterious phasesprecipitated was increased. The results demonstrated that the solution 2 was the most effective in detecting susceptibility to corrosion, being capable to detect the depletion of chromium even in conditions of low precipitation and obtaining greater values of Ir/Ia as the scanning speed was reduced to the same condition of heat treatment. All these analyzes has confirmed that the EPR- DL portable cell was able to detect the depletionof chromium caused by the presence of deleterious phases, and reflecting the degree of susceptibility to corrosion of SDSS which were studied
A grande demanda por tÃcnicas que consigam detectar e determinar o grau de susceptibilidade à corrosÃo motivou o desenvolvimento de um projeto que resultou na construÃÃo de uma cÃlula portÃtil para a determinaÃÃo do fenÃmeno da sensitizaÃÃo em aÃos inoxidÃveis austenÃticos, a qual foi validada seguindo a norma ASTM A262. O sucesso desta tÃcnica nÃo destrutiva em campo tem motivado a expansÃo dessa tÃcnica de anÃlise para outros materiais e fenÃmenos de precipitaÃÃo. O presente trabalho apresenta a avaliaÃÃo dessa cÃlula portÃtil utilizada em ensaios de EPRâDL para avaliaÃÃo de susceptibilidade a corrosÃo nos AISD UNS S32750 e UNS S32760. Estes materiais foram tratados termicamente a 475ÂC e a 850ÂCem diferentes tempos, criando diferentes padrÃes de precipitaÃÃes de fases deletÃrias para serem detectados pela cÃlula. As soluÃÃes utilizadas foram: 2M de H2SO4+0,01M de KSCN+0,5 M de NaCl (soluÃÃo 1) e 2M de H2SO4+0,01M de KSCN+1,0 M de NaCl (soluÃÃo2) e as velocidades de varreduras estudadas foram de 1,67mV/s, 3,0mV/s e 6,0mV/s. Para comprovar a presenÃa da precipitaÃÃo de fases deletÃrias e associÃ-las ao comportamento eletroquÃmico apresentado pela cÃlula, as amostras tiveram suas microestruturas analisadas por microscopia Ãtica (MO), microscopia eletrÃnica de varredura (MEV),e ensaios com energia dispersiva de raios-X (EDS).TambÃm foram avaliados o consumo da fase ferrita por analise magnÃtica com ferritoscÃpio e realizados ensaios de dureza Vickers para analisar o aumento da dureza devido a precipitaÃÃo das fases deletÃrias. Foi observado por MO, MEV/ EDS, ferritoscÃpio, EPR-DL e por dureza Vickers que quando maior o tempo de tratamento tÃrmico maior foi a quantidade de fases deletÃrias precipitadas. Quanto maior foi o nÃvel de precipitaÃÃo, maiores foram os valores de Ir/Ia e maiores valores de dureza foram obtidos. Os resultados mostraram que a soluÃÃo 2 foi a mais eficaz na detecÃÃo da susceptibilidade a corrosÃo, conseguindo detectar o empobrecimento de cromo mesmo em condiÃÃes de baixa precipitaÃÃo, e obtendo maior valores de Ir/Ia conforme a velocidade de varredura era diminuÃda para uma mesma condiÃÃo de tratamento. Todas essas anÃlises comprovaram que a cÃlula portÃtil de EPR- DL foi capaz de detectar o empobrecimento de cromo ocasionado pela presenÃa das fases deletÃrias, e refletindo o grau de susceptibilidade a corrosÃo dos AISD estudados.
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Tattermusch, Anna. "Biochemical and functional characterization of the RNA binding protein SAF-A/hnRNP U and investigation of its potential role in mammalian X chromosome inactivation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6cb30bda-160e-4384-8e69-6f9c41847cb6.
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X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is an important mechanism for gene dosage compensation between XY males and XX females during early embryonic development of eutherian mammals. The major regulator of XCI is the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) X inactive specific transcript (Xist). Xist RNA is believed to recruit epigenetic modifiers and initiate a silencing cascade that alters the chromatin structure and culminates in the transcriptional repression of most genes at the inactive X chromosome (Xi). Though extensively studied, the protein factors involved in the recruitment, spreading and maintenance of Xist RNA at the Xi are largely unknown. Recently published studies provide evidence that the DNA and RNA binding nuclear matrix protein scaffold attachment factor A/heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein U (SAF-A/hnRNP U) is required for Xist localization to the Xi. These studies, however, are incomplete in that they neither provide information on the RNA binding consensus sequence for SAF-A/hnRNP U on Xist, nor on its functional role in XCI. The present study was designed to re-investigate the role of SAF-A/hnRNP U in XCI using state-of-the-art techniques, notably fluorescence recovery after photo-bleaching (FRAP), 3D-structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM), and in vivo crosslinking and RNA immunoprecipitation (CLIP). The results indicate that SAF-A/hnRNP U exists in two forms; a highly dynamic pan-nuclear protein and a stably Xi-associated form. 3D-SIM reveals that the latter closely associates with Xist RNA, and lines out the interchromatin channels within the Barr body. This finding suggests that SAF-A/hnRNP U takes part in the structural organization of the Xi by creating a secluded chromatin environment that retains XCI factors in their dedicated nuclear location. In contrast to observations made in microscopy imaging, biochemical experiments did not confirm a direct binding of SAF-A/hnRNP U to Xist RNA. This observation led to the conclusion that the protein plays an indirect, structural role in XCI.
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Helbig, Roger [Verfasser], Reimer [Akademischer Betreuer] Stick, and Frank O. [Akademischer Betreuer] Fackelmayer. "Die Rolle des Proteins "Scaffold Attachment Factor A" (SAF-A) beim Aufbau und der Architektur des Zellkerns / Roger Helbig. Gutachter: Reimer Stick ; Frank O. Fackelmayer. Betreuer: Reimer Stick." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2005. http://d-nb.info/1072301830/34.
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Naimak, Trude Holm. "Performance based funding from the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria : a case study of Grant SAF-304-GO4-H in the Western Cape, South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3554.
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Britton, Sébastien. "Les protéines de jonction d'extrémités non homologues : nouvelles fonctions et connexions." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU30143.
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Les Cassures Double-Brin de l'ADN (CDB) sont des lésions particulièrement toxiques dans les cellules humaines. Cette toxicité est exploitée pour tuer les cellules tumorales par radiothérapie. Chez l'homme, la voie majeure de réparation des CDB est la Jonction d'Extrémités Non-Homologues (NHEJ). Les protéines centrales de la NHEJ appartiennent à deux complexes : (i) le complexe DNA-PK qui assure la reconnaissance des CDB, composé de KU et de la sous-unité catalytique DNA-PKcs qui possède une activité sérine/thréonine kinase ; (ii) le complexe de ligature permettant la religature finale des deux extrémités de la CDB, composé de Cernunnos/XLF, XRCC4 et de l'ADN LIGASE IV. A ces protéines s'ajoutent des facteurs auxiliaires de maturation des extrémités, telle que ARTEMIS. Mes travaux de thèse répondent à deux objectifs : 1- caractériser de nouvelles fonctions pour les protéines de NHEJ et 2- établir une connexion de ces protéines avec de nouvelles protéines participant à la réponse cellulaire aux CDB. Ainsi, j'ai pu mettre en évidence que le facteur de transcription c-MYC était dégradé en réponse aux CDB. Cette dégradation est dépendante du protéasome et de l'activité de la DNA-PKcs. Elle pourrait contribuer, comme l'accumulation de p53 en réponse aux dommages, à l'arrêt de la croissance et de la prolifération cellulaire. Par ailleurs, je me suis attaché à caractériser la fonction des phosphorylations de la protéine XRCC4 en réponse aux CDB. Dix sites de phosphorylation in cellulo et induits par les CDB ont été identifiés par spectrométrie de masse (SM). Des anticorps phosphospécifiques ont été établis et les sites mutés sur XRCC4. Ces outils ont permis d'identifier les kinases responsables et de mettre en évidence un état de phosphorylation de XRCC4 apparaissant dès de faibles quantités de CDB. Cet état persiste après réparation des CDB, ouvrant des perspectives d'applications. Pour remplacer facilement la protéine XRCC4 endogène par les mutants, un nouveau vecteur a été développé, le pCASE. .DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are highly toxic for human cells. This toxicity is used to eliminate cancer cells by radiotherapy or in some chemotherapies. The main DSB repair pathway in human cells is Non Homologous End Joining (NHEJ). Core NHEJ proteins belong to two complexes: 1- The DNA-PK complex, which recognizes DSB. It is composed of the KU heterodimer and of the catalytic subunit of DNA-PK (DNA-PKcs) which carries a serine/threonine kinase activity. 2- The ligature complex composed of XRCC4, DNA LIGASE IV and Cernunnos/XLF. Auxiliary proteins, like ARTEMIS, can work with the core proteins to help for the DNA processing. There were two main objectives for the work presented here: 1- characterize new functions for the already known NHEJ proteins and 2- establish connexions between the NHEJ proteins and new proteins potentially involved into the cell response to DSB. First, I show that the c-MYC transcription factor is degraded in response to DSB. I show this degradation is proteasome-dependant and DNA-PKcs-dependant. This degradation could contribute, as the p53-accumulation, to stop cell growth and cell proliferation in response to DSB. Furthermore, I try to characterize the potential functions of phosphorylation on one of the core proteins, XRCC4. Ten in cellulo phosphorylation sites were indentified by mass spectrometry (MS) in response to DSB. Phosphospecific antibodies were set up and the phospho-sites were mutated on XRCC4 cDNA. These tools allowed us to describe a new phosphorylated form of XRCC4 which is generated for low DSB amount. .
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Tian, Lulu. "Does Say-on-Pay Rule Affect M&A Decisions?" Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38407.
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This study investigates how the adoption of say-on-pay (SoP) regulation impacts the propensity and profitability of merger and acquisitions (M&A) activities with a sample of S&P 1500 firms (2005 – 2016). We examine both (a) macro-economic effect induced by the adoption of S&P regulation in 2011, impacting all firms across the board, and (b) firm-level effect due to variation in SoP voting approval percentage in different firms. We propose and examine two relevant hypotheses: (i) ‘SoP governance’ hypothesis – to explain the impact of SoP rule adoption, and (ii) ‘reliable CEO’ hypothesis – to explain the impact of SoP voting approval percentage.
‘SoP governance’ hypothesis predicts that in the post-SoP period, CEOs will be more cautious in pursuing M&A deals – which have a high risk of failure. This should lead to a lower probability of acquisition and better acquisition performance. On the other hand, ‘reliable CEO’ hypothesis proposes that CEOs with higher SoP voting approval percentage, enjoy more shareholder confidence and are encouraged to take risky ventures to increase shareholders wealth. This should lead to a higher probability of acquisition, with better acquisition performance. Our results find partial support for ‘SoP governance’ hypothesis – that SoP rule adoption is associated with a lower probability of acquisition but does not have any significant association with acquisition performance. While examining the effect of SoP voting approval percentage, we further find support for ‘reliable CEO’ hypothesis. Our results show that SoP voting approval percentage has a significant and positive association with acquisition probability and acquisition performance. Finally, we find that SoP voting results do not have any significant moderating effect on the relationship between (i) CEO incentive pay and M&A decisions, and (ii) CEO pay slice and M&A decisions.
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Diallo, Alghassimou. "Identification d’une nouvelle fonction de la protéine kinase Aurora-A." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1S111/document.
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Les protéines kinases « Aurora » sont des régulatrices clés du cycle cellulaire. Alors que l'activité de Aurora-A est requise en début de la mitose, Aurora-B et -C sont nécessaires pour la fin de mitose. Toute perturbation de leur activité peut conduire au processus de tumorisation. Plus spécifiquement, Aurora-A se comporte à la fois comme oncogène et suppresseur de tumeur. Par conséquent, la connaissance du rôle de Aurora-A durant cycle cellulaire est essentielle. Toutefois, peu d'études ont exploré, jusque là, le rôle de Aurora-A dans les phases tardives de la mitose. En fait, l'inhibition de Aurora-A conduit à l'arrêt du cycle rendant impossible de voir ce qui se passe au delà de la transition métaphase/anaphase. Néanmoins, en combinant le couple génétique chimique et inhibiteur spécifique, j'ai pu identifier une nouvelle fonction de la kinase Aurora-A liée au checkpoint (SAC). En effet, mes résultats montrent que l'inhibition de l'activité de Aurora-A induit un défaut de congression et une chute de l'index mitotique. Ce résultat paradoxal suggère un défaut du SAC. J'ai donc pu montré que cette inhibition outrepassait le SAC en perturbant la localisation aux kinétochores de Mad2 et BubR1. Cependant, ma tentative pour sauver le phénotype du SAC par le mutant S19D-P150Glued n'a pas réussi malgré que le mutant S19AP150Glued se soit comporté comme un vrai dominant négatif. Enfin, j'ai pu montré que l'activité de Aurora-A est requise pour maintenir le SAC actif durant la prométaphaseProtein kinases "Aurora " are the key regulators of the cell cycle. While the activity of Aurora-A is required at the beginning of mitosis, Aurora-B and -C are required for the end of mitosis. Any disruption of their activity can lead to process tumorisation. Specifically, Aurora-A acts as both oncogene and tumor suppressor. Therefore, knowledge of the role of Aurora-A is essential for cell cycle. However, few studies have explored so far, the role of Aurora-A in the late stages of mitosis. In fact, inhibition of Aurora-A leads to cell cycle arrest making it impossible to see what happens beyond the transition metaphase / anaphase. However, by combining chemical genetics couple and specific inhibitor, I have identified a new function of Aurora-A kinase -related checkpoint (SAC). Indeed, my results show that inhibition of the activity of Aurora-A induces a congression defect and the mitotic index decrease. This paradoxical result suggests a defect in the SAC. So I have shown that this inhibition was beyond the SAC disrupting kinetochore localization of Mad2 and BubR1. However, my attempt to rescue the phenotype of the SAC by the S19D-P150Glued mutant failed despite the fact that S19A-P150Glued mutant behaved like a true negative dominant. Finally, I have shown that the activity of Aurora-A is required to maintain the active SAC during prometaphase
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Nilson, Kasper, and Anton Tuvlind. "Carbon Offsetting and Sustainable Aviation : A study of contemporary and future sustainable aviation via carbon offsetting." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279512.
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The aviation industry stands for about 2% of the global CO2 emissions and constitutes a large portion of what the individual can affect by their own decision making. A direct round-trip Stockholm to New York consumes about 50% of an individual's annual CO2 budget. This paper studies what role carbon offsetting has in the transition towards sustainable aviation. Sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs), electrical aviation and abstaining from flying are also considered as potential approaches to making aviation more sustainable. The research method is both empirical and theoretical. Empirically, a Carbon Offsetting Assessment Framework evaluates airlines’ and online travel agencies’ (OTAs’) work with carbon offsetting and SAF. This is done from a Sweden-centric perspective. The airlines BRA, KLM and SAS score highest. Theoretically, a discussion of the dynamics of the aviation industry’s transition into sustainability is carried out through the multi-level perspective (MLP). Carbon offsetting is considered the best short-term solution for sustainable aviation due to availability and costefficiency. SAF is currently too expensive and the usage too low to yield significant emission reductions but is a promising mid-term solution. In the long-run, electrical aviation is the solution that has the potential to lower direct emissions to almost zero but it relies on major energy storage development and is not commercially viable today. The study also explains why carbon offsetting not should be used as a letter of indulgence but still is a good way to be certain that climate positive actions happen now and not are postponed or not happen at all.Flygindustrin står för ungefär 2% av de globala CO2-utsläppen och utgör en stor andel av vad individen kan påverka genom sitt eget beslutsfattande. En direktresa tur- och retur Stockholm till New York konsumerar ungefär 50% av en individs ärliga CO2-budget. Den här studien undersöker vilken roll klimatkompensation har i en övergång mot hållbart flyg. Hållbart flygbränsle (SAF), elflyg och att avstå från att flyga har också utvärderats som potentiella tillvägagångssätt för att göra flyget mer hållbart. Studiens forskningsmetod är både empirisk och teoretisk. En modell för att empiriskt utvärdera flygbolags och onlineresebyråers (OTAs) arbete med klimatkompensation och SAF appliceras på en Sverigecentriskt urval av aktörer. Flygbolagen BRA, KLM och SAS får högst poäng. Vidare förs en teoretisk diskussion om dynamiken i flygbranschens övergång mot hållbart flyg genom “the multi-level perspective” (MLP). Klimatkompensation anses vara den bästa kortsiktiga lösningen för hållbart flyg eftersom det är tillgängligt och kostnadseffektivt. SAF är idag för dyrt och användandet för lågt för att resultera i betydelsefulla utsläppsminskningar men är icke desto mindre en lovande teknik på medellång sikt. På lång sikt är elflyg lösningen som har potential att minska direktutsläpp till nästan noll men det står och faller med avsevärd teknikutveckling inom energilagring och är inte kommersiellt tillgängligt idag. Studien förklarar också varför klimatkompensation inte borde användas som ett avlatsbrev men att det fortfarande är ett bra sätt att försäkra sig om att klimatpositiva handlingar sker idag och inte blir uppskjutna eller uteblir.
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Shili, Ilhem. "Etude des mécanismes impliqués dans les effets protecteurs du PACAP exogène et endogène sur le cerveau d'animaux exposés à l'alcool dans le modèle de syndrome d'alcoolisme foetal(SAF) Long-term protective effect of PACAP in a fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) model Protective effects of endogenous and exogenous PACAP in mice exposed to ethanol during embryonic life." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR061.
Full textAbstract:
L’exposition à l’alcool pendant la vie embryonnaire peut provoquer un retard de croissance, des malformations congénitales, une dysmorphie crânio-faciale et/ou des lésions cérébrales, qui se traduisent à l’âge adulte par des déficits cognitifs et comportementaux. Ces déficiences irréversibles causées par une consommation excessive d’alcool pendant la grossesse conduisent à ce que l’on appelle communément le syndrome d’alcoolisation fœtale ou SAF. Le pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), est un neuropeptide découvert initialement pour sa capacité à stimuler la formation d’adénosine monophosphate cyclique (AMPc) dans des cellules hypophysaires de rat en culture. Impliqué dans la régulation de nombreux processus physiologiques, ce neuropeptide exerce son action via l'activation de trois récepteurs couplés aux protéines G dénommés respectivement PAC1, VPAC1 et VPAC2. Le PACAP est doté de multiples actions physiologiques aussi bien sur le système nerveux central que sur les systèmes respiratoire, cardiovasculaire, digestif, immunitaire, reproducteur, etc. Le PACAP est principalement connu pour ses effets prodifférenciateurs et anti-apoptotiques sur divers types cellulaires de même que dans plusieurs modèles in vitro et in vivo. Ce peptide est également capable de traverser la barrière hématoencéphalique (BHE) pour ensuite aller au niveau du cerveau exercer ses propriétés neurotrophiques et neuroprotectrices permettant le contrôle de la prolifération, de la différenciation, de la migration et de la survie des cellules nerveuses. Le PACAP agit en exerçant, entre autres, une action anti-oxydante, anti-inflammatoire et anti-apoptotique. Ce peptide apparaît donc comme un candidat prometteur pour le traitement de diverses atteintes cérébrales multifactorielles telles qu’une exposition prénatale à l’alcool. Néanmoins, la capacité du PACAP à enrayer les dommages provoqués par une exposition in utero à l’éthanol sur le développement cérébral n’avait jamais été investiguée auparavant. La première partie de mon travail a consisté à évaluer l’effet protecteur du PACAP endogène et exogène dans un modèle de SAF. Pour cela, un modèle murin de SAF a été développé chez la souris gestante qui a reçu une injection quotidienne d’éthanol en intrapéritonéal (1,5 g/kg) pour exposer les fœtus à l’alcool du jour embryonnaire 7 (E7) au jour E18. En parallèle de cela, certains animaux ont aussi reçu des administrations intra-utérines quotidiennes de PACAP (5 µg/10 µl) de E9 à E18. Un suivi des animaux indique que les injections de PACAP réduit fortement la mortalité et le taux d’avortement chez les animaux alcoolisés. Une évaluation morphologique montre que les embryons exposés in utero à l’éthanol présentent une taille corporelle et cérébrale réduite et que cet effet est partiellement bloqué par des injections intra-utérines de PACAP. Au niveau cellulaire, on constate que l’éthanol diminue le nombre de neurones dans les couches corticales, rend les cellules gliales réactives et désorganise la structuration des vaisseaux. Ceci implique une diminution très forte de l’expression de facteurs trophiques comme le GDNF, le TGF, le VEGFa ou l’IGF, une forte augmentation du niveau d’espèces réactives de l’oxygène et des marqueurs de stress oxydatif et une activation de facteurs clés de l’apoptose comme la caspase-3. Le co-traitement des animaux exposés à l’alcool avec du PACAP réduit partiellement l’atrophie des embryons à E18. Si le PACAP n’a qu’un effet partiel sur la diminution de l’épaisseur des couches corticales au niveau du cerveau, il réduit la réactivité gliale et protège les microvaisseaux de la désorganisation des micovaisseaux induites par une exposition à l’éthanol in uteroMaternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause serious birth defects leading to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). FAS is characterized among others by irreversible craniofacial abnormalities and atrophy of the developing brain, and leads to persistent functional deficits at adulthood. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) exerts neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties in several cellular and animal models. As PACAP and its receptors are already present in the developing brain it suggests that this peptide could be protective in a model of prenatal ethanol exposure. Thus, the first part of this work consisted in evaluating the protective effect of endogenous and exogenous PACAP in a FAS model. Animal monitoring indicated that PACAP injections significantly reduced mortality and abortion rate in alcoholic pregnant mice. Morphological evaluation showed that embryos exposed in utero to daily ethanol injections had reduced body and brain size, and that this effect was partially blocked by intrauterine injections of PACAP. In the cerebral cortex, ethanol decreased the number of neurons, of activated glial cells and of disorganized blood vessels. This implies a very strong decrease in the expression of trophic factors, an increase in the level of oxygen species level and an activation of key apoptotic factors. Co-treatment of animals exposed to alcohol with PACAP partially reduced the atrophy of E18 embryos. While PACAP only reduced the thinning of the brain cortical layers, it blocked glial reactivity and protected micro-vessels disorganization induced by ethanol. This may come from the ability of PACAP to promote the expression of neurotrophic factors such as GDNF, FGF or VEGFa, to stop the oxidation of cellular constituents and to block the apoptotic cascade. We have also observed that ethanol very strongly repressed the expression of the PACAPergic system during embryonic development. Our hypothesis is that ethanol acts through activation of transcription factors such as Sp1. This strong decrease in the expression of PACAP, VIP and their 3 receptors could also explain part of the toxic effects of ethanol since brains from PACAP KO animals are less resistant than those from wild type animals. In addition, the injection of PACAP to alcoholic animals restored the expression of all the transcripts of the PACAPergic system excepted the one of VPAC1. These results probably explain the powerful antioxidant and antiapoptotic action of PACAP and its lack of effect on the inflammatory response. The second part of my work investigated the beneficial effects at adulthood of these PACAP treatments in our FAS model. Results show that brain cells from P30 animals exposed to ethanol and treated with PACAP during the embryonic period exhibit resistance to further stress compared to cells from animals only exposed to alcohol. This is accompanied by an inhibition of the high levels of oxidative stress found in the brains of animals exposed in utero to ethanol. At adulthood, these mice having suffered from prenatal ethanol exposure appear anxious and exhibit locomotor disorders which are significantly reduced in PACAP co-treated animals. Altogether, these data show that PACAP could be a biomarker for the detection of children with FAS and/or a powerful therapeutic agent to limit victims of prenatal ethanol exposure further developmental brain alterations, as well as of the secondary lesions observed in case of a new stress of the neurons at adulthood
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Solini, Laurent. "Faire sa peine à l'établissement pénitentiaire pour mineurs de Lavaur : sociologie des expériences de détention." Toulouse 3, 2012. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.cairn.info/faire-sa-peine-a-l-etablissement-penitentiaire--9791034603848.htm.
Full textAbstract:
Les recherches en sciences sociales s'intéressant à l'univers carcéral semblent, depuis peu, déplacer leur regard vers l'expérience carcérale du détenu dans l'objectif d'analyser son rapport à l'enfermement. L'incarcération constitue alors une épreuve. Le détenu positionné au centre d'un quotidien sous contraintes œuvre à l'amélioration de ses conditions de détention. La situation sociale particulière que constitue la période d'incarcération est alors appréhendée en tant que ligne biographique dominante ramenant à elle tous les autres centres d'intérêts de la vie quotidienne du détenu. Si ce déterminisme de l'incarcération a fait l'objet de recherches s'appuyant essentiellement sur des entretiens biographiques menés avec les détenus, peu d'études se sont intéressées à la manière dont ce rapport particulier à la peine d'emprisonnement se construit, au jour le jour, de surcroit chez une population mineure à l'intérieur d'une prison, présentée par les pouvoirs public comme novatrice : l'établissement pénitentiaire pour mineurs (EPM) de Lavaur. Notre travail de recherche porte sur les expériences de détention des mineurs incarcérés à l'intérieur d'un EPM. Une enquête ethnographique menée entre janvier 2008 et juin 2010 à l'EPM de Lavaur permet d'appréhender les expériences de détention au moyen d'une étude approfondie des logiques d'action construites par les détenus durant l'ensemble des temps collectifs mixtes auxquels ils sont sommés de participer. Dès lors, " faire sa peine " s'exprime, à l'EPM de Lavaur, dans l'instauration d'un rapport pratique à l'enfermement. Le détenu œuvre dans le but d'améliorer ses conditions de détention et bricole des espaces de liberté en manœuvrant avec l'hyperactivité forcée que lui inflige l'institution. Prié de partager l'ensemble des activités collectives, le jeune détenu, alors soumis à la surveillance des personnels ainsi qu'à l'observation des détenus (la persistance des regards étant renforcée par la configuration architecturale des lieux ménageant de nombreux espaces ouverts), s'engage dans une mise en scène de soi. Il fait ainsi la démonstration de certaines conduites, produits d'une culture importée en prison, et cherche à en camoufler d'autres dans le but de susciter la reconnaissance des acteurs présents. L'EPM de Lavaur est ainsi envisagé en tant que prison-scène. De ce point de vue, quatre figures de pratiques peuvent être extraites à partir d'une classification des logiques d'action construites par les détenus à l'intérieur des temps collectifs. Elles constituent alors les idéaux-types de conduites renvoyant à la mise en scène de façades personnelles idéalisées, l'adolescent s'attachant à maintenir ou à faire varier des rôles lui garantissant une meilleure position à l'intérieur des groupes formés lors des temps collectifsResearches in social sciences that deal with the penitentiary world seem recently to focus on the prison experiment of the inmate to analyze its relation to the imprisonment. Detention is then a test. The inmate that is subjected to daily constraints works in order to improve his conditions of detention. The particular social situation that constitutes the detention is then comprehended as a dominant biographical line bringing back with it all the other goals of the inmate's life. If this determinism of the incarceration has been subjected to researches based mainly on inmate biographical interviews, few studies focused on how is built this particular relation to the detention, day by day, in addition in a minor population within a prison, described as innovative by the government: the " établissement pénitentiaire pour mineurs " (EPM) of Lavaur (France). Our research focused on the experiments of detention of minor incarcerated in an EPM. An ethnographic investigation that was performed between January of 2008 and June of 2010 at the EPM of Lavaur allowed to comprehend the experiments of detention thanks to a comprehensive study of the logics of action built by inmate during the whole mixed collective times in which they participate. Therefore " faire sa peine " is expressed at the EPM of Lavaur in the establishment of a practice relation to the incarceration. The inmate works to improve his conditions of detention and builds spaces of freedom by operating with the compelled hyperactivity that is imposed by the institution. Asked to share the overall collective activities, the young inmate, submitted to the surveillance of the staff and to the observation of other inmates (the persistence of gazes is strengthened by the architectural sites leaving to many open spaces) engages him in a staged. Thus, he demonstrates some behaviors, resulting from an imported culture in prison, and seeks to hide other in order to raise the recognition of the actors present. The EPM of Lavaur is thus envisaged as a prison-stage. From this point of view, four figures of practices can be extracted from a classification of action logics build by inmates during the collective times. They are then the ideal types of behaviors referring to the staging of an ideal self-images, the teenager works to maintain or to vary the roles guaranteeing him a better position within the groups formed during the collective times
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Silva, Daiane Piva Barbosa da. "Desenvolvimento de estruturas do tipo bi-camada baseadas em camadas auto-organizadas e polianilina para a proteção contra a corrosão de ligas de alumínio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75131/tde-13082010-152925/.
Full textAbstract:
Um método amplamente utilizado na proteção contra a corrosão de ligas de alumínio é a formação de camadas de conversão de cromo. Na busca de métodos \"ambientalmente amigáveis\" de proteção contra corrosão existe a possibilidade da utilização de polímeros condutores, como a polianilina (PAni), que pode atuar por efeito barreira, assim como pela absorção de cargas provenientes da solução e / ou camadas auto-organizadas (SAM, do inglês \"self assembled monolayers\"), onde a proteção pode ocorrer de forma indireta, quando a SAM atua como promotora de adesão para outros revestimentos ou de forma direta, quando a própria monocamada bloqueia o acesso de substâncias responsáveis pela corrosão, à superfície protegida. Neste trabalho é proposta a utilização de bi-camadas baseadas de propil-trimetóxi-silano (PTMS) + PAni e octadecil-trimetóxi-silano (ODTMS) + PAni para a proteção contra a corrosão das ligas de alumínio AA1050, AA2024 e AA7075. Para os ensaios de corrosão foram utilizadas as técnicas de potencial de circuito aberto, curvas de polarização potenciodinâmica e espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica. Análise de microscopia óptica e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foram realizadas antes e após os ensaios de corrosão para verificar a eficiência de proteção contra corrosão dos revestimentos propostos. Adicionalmente foram realizados testes de névoa salina e aderência, além da caracterização das ligas por MEV e espectroscopia de energia dispersiva de raios X (EDX). Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os tratamentos utilizados resultaram em melhoras na resistência contra a corrosão na seguinte ordem: PTMS < ODTMS < PAni < PTMS + PAni < ODTMS + PAni, sendo que este último o que apresenta os melhores resultados como maiores deslocamentos do Ecorr para valores mais positivos, diminuição da icorr, menor número de pontos de corrosão após a realização das curvas de polarização, maiores valores de impedância total em todo o intervalo de frequência utilizado e maior resistência à exposição à névoa salina.A method widely used in corrosion protection of aluminum alloys is the formation of conversion layers of chromium. In search of \"environmentally friendly\" corrosion protection methods there is the possibility of using conducting polymers such as polyaniline (PAni), which can act by barrier effect or absorbing charged particles from the solution and / or self-assembled monolayers (SAM), where protection may occur indirectly, when the SAM acts as a promoter of adhesion to other coatings, or directly, when the monolayer blocks the access of aggressive substances to the surface. This work proposes the use of bi-layers based on propyl-trimethoxy-silane (PTMS) + PAni and octadecyl-trimethoxy-silane (ODTMS) + PAni for corrosion protection of aluminum alloys AA1050, AA2024 and AA7075. For the corrosion tests were used different techniques such as: open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Analysis of optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed before and after the corrosion tests in order to verify the efficiency of the proposed coatings in corrosion protection. Additionally, tests of salt spray and adhesion were made, in addition to the characterization of the alloys by SEM and X-ray dispersive energy. The results show that the treatments resulted in improvements in corrosion resistance in the following order: PTMS < ODTMS < PAni < PTMs + PAni < ODTMS + PAni. The last one gives the best results such as larger shifts of the Ecorr to more positive values, decrease of the icorr, fewer corrosion points after the polarization curves, higher values of total impedance in the entire range of frequency used and more resistant to the exposure to salt spray.
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Maripuu, Linda. "Superantigens in group A streptococcus : gene diversity and humoral immune response." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Biomedicinsk laboratorievetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-46454.
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Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a strictly human pathogen that causes infections ranging from asymptomatic carriage to the highly lethal streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). GAS are classified according to the sequence of the variable 5’ end of the emm-gene that encodes the surface associated M-protein. In the late 1980s, outbreaks of GAS infections with high rates of STSS were reported in several parts of the world, including Sweden. Superantigens (SAgs), a group of exotoxins, have been described as key mediators of STSS due to their capacity to polyclonally activate T-cells and induce a massive release of inflammatory cytokines. Previous reports have revealed that sera from STSS patients have lower capacity to neutralize this SAg-mediated immune stimulation and a higher prevalence of GAS isolates with specific emm-genotypes during disease outbreaks. The aims of this thesis were to analyse the protective antibody response mounted by the host against SAgs produced by the infecting GAS isolate and to characterise the isolates emm-genotypes and SAg gene profiles. The clinical material examined was collected from patients with STSS, sepsis, erysipelas, or tonsillitis in Sweden between 1986 and 2001. Both acute- and convalescence-phase sera were analyzed, along with the infecting GAS isolates. The 92 clinical GAS isolates examined were found to exhibit a high degree of genetic diversity in terms of the number and identity of their SAg genes. Isolates with a given emm-genotype could be divided into subgroups on the basis of their SAg gene profiles. Ten different SAg gene profiles were identified in the 45 emm1 isolates examined; one of these ten was highly persistent, being observed in 22 isolates collected over 14 years. Two of the 11 known SAg genes in GAS, smeZ-1 and speA, were more prevalent in the emm1 associated profiles than in the SAg gene profiles of isolates with other emm-genotypes. Patients infected by GAS with the emm1-genotype were less likely to produce acute-phase sera that could effectively neutralize the T-cell mitogenicity induced by the infecting isolate’s extracellular products (EP). Sepsis patients whose sera exhibited this lack of neutralizing ability were more prone to developing STSS. Most patients whose acute-phase sera did not effectively neutralize the EP from the infecting isolate lacked protective antibodies in their convalescent-phase sera despite having elevated ELISA titers. The results reported herein show that combining SAg gene profiling with emm-genotyping may be useful for tracking the spread of GAS clones in the community. It was also shown that a lack of neutralizing activity in convalescence-phase sera might be due to an inability of those patients to mount a protective immune response against SAgs produced by the infecting GAS isolate.
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Díaz, Puentes Alfredo Andrés. "Integración de SAP y Aplicaciones Legadas a Través de SOA." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/104945.
Full textAbstract:
El objetivo general del presente trabajo de título es un caso real de integración entre el ERP
de SAP y los legacy del área de logística de una compañía distribuidora de combustible en Chile
utilizando los principios que el patrón de diseño SOA ofrece y con la ayuda de herramientas
comerciales que implementan y facilitan la integración entre sistemas computacionales
heterogéneos. El área de logística de la compañía cuenta con una variedad de aplicaciones
legacy Web del tipo J2EE que utilizan de manera independiente y que les permiten realizar la
programación de los pedidos de combustible que sus clientes efectúan, asignación de los
pedidos a los distintos camiones tanques, modificaciones y cancelaciones que se deban realizar
a los pedidos, medición de eficiencia de los transportes y viajes efectuados, etc.
La integración se basó en los conceptos que el patrón SOA indica como mejor práctica con la
ayuda de plataformas tecnológicas de la línea WebSphere de IBM tales como MessageBroker,
MQ, Adaptadores del MessageBroker para comunicarse con el ERP y con el sistema operativo
sobre el cual funciona que es Os/400 sobre iSeries, etc. Las principales decisiones tomadas
durante el proyecto dicen relación con casos en los cuales se decidió hacer pasar el flujo de
datos por la plataforma SOA instalada y cuando no hacerlo porque entregaba mejores
prestaciones, tiempos de respuesta y seguridad. Durante todo el proyecto estos fueron temas
de discusión y análisis dado que cada caso en la práctica trae un análisis individual que debe ser
enfrentado bajo la mirada de conveniencia para la empresa, entendiéndose que estas
conveniencias podrían ser tiempos de respuesta, puntos de falla, servicio e imagen al cliente.
En el detalle del trabajo se tomaron decisiones relacionadas con el tipo y formato de
mensajes que transportan los datos entre las aplicaciones que participan del proceso de
despacho de combustibles. Detalles como saber cuántos campos de datos son necesarios por
mensaje, que separadores debían acordarse y ser utilizados, como serían tratados los
encolamientos de los mensajes según si prioridad, los mensajes devuelta que deben ser
enviados para cerrar los ciclos de cada proceso que se gatillen, etc. Cada una de estas
decisiones en los distintos mensajes de datos que se gatillan en cualquier sentido dentro del
proceso de despacho de combustible muestra los esfuerzos principales sobre los cuales se
concentró el presente trabajo de título.
El resultado final fue un conjunto de aplicaciones del tipo Web y legacy que se comunican
con el ERP de SAP para lograr de manera exitosa el despacho de combustible desde las plantas
de la compañía; todo esto con la ayuda de una infraestructura conformada por filesystem y
carpetas compartidas, plataformas de integración de IBM, flujo de mensajes que transmiten los
datos, etc. Se concluye que los proyectos de integración si bien logran el objetivo principal
sobre el cual se basan, carecen aún de la madurez necesaria en su diseño o bien en los
productos comerciales que existen hoy en el mercado, dado que muchas decisiones se debieron
tomar descartando lo que eran las mejores prácticas de SOA en beneficio de obtener una
solución acorde a las necesidades de la compañía. La mirada de performance y eficiencia de los
procesos es muy difícil dimensionarla y considerarla durante este tipo de proyectos y deben ser
enfrentados, por lo general, posteriormente a su puesta en marcha, cuando los datos
cuantitativos del funcionamiento entregan muchos más antecedentes que ayuden a encontrar
las oportunidades de mejoras y los cuellos de botella que deben ser solucionados.
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Chen, Shuyang. "Does Say-on-Pay (SoP) Affect CEO Compensation Following an M&A Deal?" Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38409.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the effectiveness of Say on Pay (SoP) regulation as a corporate governance mechanism in the context of M&A deals. Using a large sample of U.S. firms over the 2005-2017 period, this study finds that, in the post-SoP period, overall CEO pay growth rate declines and CEO pay to acquisition performance sensitivity improves following M&A activities. This supports ‘SoP governance’ hypothesis, which proposes that SoP regulation will restrict CEOs self-fulfilling behaviour. In a macro-economic set-up, the introduction of SoP regulation was intended to discipline top managers by giving shareholders an opportunity to express their opinion on CEO compensation. It was therefore expected that, in the post SoP-era, CEOs will experience a lower growth in their pay package following M&A deals.
On the other hand, the relation between SOP voting approval rates and CEO compensation following M&A activities is unidirectional. Irrespective of the performance of M&A deals, it is observed that CEOs with higher shareholder voting approval experience a significant positive change in their compensation level after an M&A deal. We term this as a ‘reliable CEO’ hypothesis. According to the ‘reliable CEO hypothesis, a very high voting percentage may legitimize CEOs action and embolden CEOs to carry out more risky ventures such as M&As. Since there is an established relation between risk and return, shareholders would like CEOs to take appropriate risks to increase firm value. A reliable CEO, who enjoys a high degree of shareholders’ support, should not be penalized for taking more risky ventures that are intended to increase shareholders’ wealth. Our results confirm this viewpoint.
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Colliander, Celik Julius Recep. "Plutt: A tool for creating type-safe and version-safe microfrontends." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280090.
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Microfrontend applications are composed of multiple smaller frontend applications, which are integrated at run-time. As with microservices, microfrontends can be updated in production at any time. There are no technological restrictions for releasing API-breaking updates. Therefore it is difficult to trust microfrontend applications to perform reliably in run-time and to introduce API-breaking updates without the risk of breaking consumers. This thesis presents Plutt, a tool that provides automatic guarantees for safely consuming microfrontends, by ensuring that updates in run-time are compatible. By using Plutt, consumers can be confident that a provided microfrontend will per- form the same during production as in development. Likewise, microfrontend providers can release updates without being concerned about how it will affect consumers. Moreover, a comprehensive survey about microfrontends is presented, where five industry experts are interviewed. Aspects that are not found in existing literature are discovered, which contributes to a broader knowledge base that helps future microfrontend research.Mikrofrontend-applikationer är sammansatta av flera mindre frontend-applikationer som integreras under exekvering. Precis som med mikrotjänster, kan mikrofrontends bytas ut i produktion när som helst. Det saknas teknologiska restriktioner för att publicera API-brytande uppdateringar. Därför är det svårt att lita på att en mikrofrontend-applikation beter sig tillförlitligt under exekvering samt att introducera API-brytande uppdateringar utan att riskera att förstöra konsumenter. Det här examensarbetet presenterar Plutt, ett verktyg som erbjuder automatiska garantier för att säkert konsumera mikrofrontends genom att säkerställa att uppdateringar som introduceras i körtid är kompatibla. Genom att använda Plutt, kan konsumenter vara trygga i vetskapen att en försedd mikrofrontend presterar likadant under produktion som i utveckling. Samtidigt kan utvecklare som förser mikrofrontends släppa uppdateringar utan att bekymra sig över hur det påverkar konsumenter. Utöver Plutt, presenteras en grundlig kartläggning över mikrofrontends, där fem experter från industrin är intervjuade. Aspekter som inte hittas i existerande litteratur är upptäckta, vilket kunskapsbas och framtida forskning om mikrofrontends.
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Wood, Clark S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "A formal methods safe harbor." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122219.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2019Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 77-84).
We discuss a problem: Internet of Things devices running software are vulnerable to accidents and exploitation, a technology solution: preventing exploitable bugs by developing machine-checked proofs of software correctness and security, and a policy lever to incentivize adoption of this solution: a safe harbor from FTC unfairness prosecution for manufacturers that use formal methods to guarantee safer, more secure devices. To motivate the potential of formal methods, we present a technical contribution: a formally verified connected lightbulb switch, proven immune to certain types of software exploits. We discuss a framework, the Common Weakness Enumeration, that the FTC and manufacturers could use as a shared language to explain what classes of software vulnerability a manufacturer will defend against. We outline the authority of the FTC in regards to poor data security practices as unfair practices and how our safe harbor would both provide immunity to participants and be updated over time to continue to incentivize ever stronger software protections.
by Clark Wood.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
S.M.inTechnologyandPolicy Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society
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Hotze, Robert George. "The Directing of Buried Child." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1176258061.
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Makin, Anne-Marie Safety Science Faculty of Science UNSW. "Applying the "safe place, safe person, safe systems" framework to improve OHS management: a new integrated approach." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Safety Science, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43636.
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A new model was developed to enhance the understanding of the full context of work associated hazards, to explore the connection between OHS performance and a systematic approach to safety, and to simplify approaches to OHS management. This Safe Place, Safe Person, Safe Systems model was derived from the literature and used as the basis for the development of a framework, consisting of 60 elements which was transformed into an assessment tool. This assessment tool was trialled with a pilot study on a medium sized manufacturing plant in the plastics industry, and the tool and Preliminary Report peer reviewed by an expert panel using the Nominal Group Technique. After refinements were made to the assessment tool it was applied to eight case studies that were drawn from advertisements. This qualitative study consisted of two parts: firstly the assessment using the Safe Place, Safe Person, Safe Systems framework; and secondly a controlled self assessment exercise to target improvements to three of the elements over a period of four months. The study illustrated that the Safe Place, Safe Person, Safe Systems framework could be successfully applied in a range of industries to promote OHS improvements and to provide a systematic, planned approach to fulfilling OHS responsibilities. The application of this framework highlighted that: there is a need for further education on the correct application of the risk assessment process and the responsibilities owed to contractors; techniques such as dynamic risk assessments are more suitable where the place of work is variable and hazards are unpredictable; more focus is needed on the appropriate management of hazardous substances with long term health consequences; and that the level of formality invoked for treating hazards does not necessarily equate to improved risk reduction outcomes. The Safe Place, Safe Person, Safe Systems framework was found to be applicable to small, medium and large organisations provided the assessment was scoped to a small division of relatively homogeneous activity to ensure a more representative hazard profile. This approach has provided a way forward to simplify OHS management and also offers practical direction for implementing a targeted OHS improvement program.
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Cardoso, Andréia de Souza Martins. "Caracterização mecânica e miscroestrutural dos aços SAE 4340 e 300M após soldagem a laser e tratamento superficial de nitretação a plasma." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97134/tde-26092012-143407/.
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O aço de médio carbono e baixa liga SAE 4340 vem sofrendo diversas modificações e neste processo de desenvolvimento surgiu o aço 300M. O presente trabalho visa avaliar e comparar a microestrutura e a resistência mecânica dos aços SAE 4340 e 300M, submetidos ao processo de soldagem autógena a laser e em seguida a duas formas de tratamento: o revenimento pós-soldagem e a nitretação à plasma. Também é avaliado o efeito combinado dos tratamentos de revenimento e nitretação. Após soldagem, as chapas foram divididas nos lotes: como recebido, soldado, soldado e revenido, soldado e tratado superficialmente por nitretação a plasma e soldado, revenido e tratado superficialmente por nitretação a plasma. A partir desses lotes, foram obtidas amostras para análise microestrutural e produzidos corpos-de-prova para ensaios de tração. Os resultados mostraram que a presença de precipitados confere ao aço 300M maior resistência mecânica em relação ao aço 4340. Após a soldagem a laser, a zona fundida e zona termicamente afetada de ambos os materiais apresentaram fases diferentes das fases presentes no metal base, a zona fundida mostrou-se martensítica em sua maioria, e a zona termicamente afetada apresentou-se multifásica. Devido às dimensões reduzidas do cordão de solda, o comportamento em tração dos corpos-deprova soldados não diferiu significativamente dos corpos-de-prova produzidos com os materiais de base. O tratamento térmico de revenimento pós-soldagem promoveu queda na dureza da zona fundida em ambos os aços. Após a nitretação, os aços 4340 e 300M apresentaram aumento de dureza próximo às superfícies. O aço 4340 apresentou aumento na resistência mecânica sem perda significativa de ductilidade. Quando revenido e nitretado após a soldagem, o aço 4340 apresentou ligeira queda na resistência mecânica. A nitretação do aço 300M, com a temperatura e tempo escolhidos, levou à fragilização do material em ambas as situações (com e sem revenimento), resultando em uma piora significativa das propriedades mecânicas, o que indica que os parâmetros de nitretação para este aço devem ser revistos.The high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel SAE 4340 has been modified over time giving raise to the 300M steel. This study intends to evaluate and compare the microstructure and the mechanical behavior of the steels SAE 4340 and 300M, after laser beam welding in one pass, followed by distinct treatment routes: tempering, plasma nitriding and tempering plus plasma nitriding. After welding, the plates were divided into five sets: as welded, welded and tempered, welded and plasma nitrided, welded and tempered and plasma nitrided. The samples for microstructural analyses and tensile tests were taken from these material conditions. The results revealed that the presence of precipitates allow higher mechanical strenght to the 300M steel compared to 4340 steel. The melted zone showed more fases if compared with base material, fase like martensite, and the heat affected zone presented a multiphase in your matrix. The melted zone in both materials suffered a hardness decreasing after tempering, although no microstructural changes were observed. After nitriding the 4340 and 300M steels showed a surface hardness increase. The 4340 steel showed an increase in tensile strenght without significant ductility loss. When tempered and nitrided after welding, the 4340 steel suffered a drop in its mechanical strenght. The 300M steel suffered an embrittlement after nitriding in both situations (with and without tempering), resulting in unsatisfactory mechanical properties. This indicates that improvements are needed in the plasma nitriding parameters for this steel.
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Algafsh, Abdullah. "A comprehensive literature review of SAR polarimetric calibration for Waseda SAR Sensor." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13645.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliography.This dissertation deals with a comprehensive literature review on SAR polarimetric calibration, as well as developing a polarimetric calibration procedure to be used for calibrating the sensor for the Waseda SAR project. The complete work is presented in six chapters. The dissertation starts by introducing Synthetic Aperture Radar Polarimetry (SAR polarimetry) by identifying the research objectives, and explains Waseda SAR project between King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology and the University of Cape Town. A comprehensive literature review on SAR polarimetric calibration is introduced in the dissertation. The literature review explains the developments in calibration methods from the early 1960’s to recent years, including passive and active reflector advantages as well as the limitations for both reflectors. Also, displaying the received power as a function of polarization in a graphic way is presented in the dissertation known as the ‘polarization signature’. Two examples are used which are: the trihedral corner reflector and the dihedral corner reflector. The two examples are the theoretical reference for the calibration procedure for Waseda SAR sensor. The calibrated data set collected from NASA’s Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) over California is analyzed. The data is contaminated with an unrealistically high amount of coupling (-5 dB) to show the coupling effect on the data and then remove the amount of coupling to return the data to its original form. The dissertation concludes with a calibration procedure to be used for calibrating Waseda SAR sensor using the presented methods of SAR polarimetric calibration. The procedure involves using external devices such as: trihedral corner reflectors and dihedral corner reflectors as well as calculating the sizes of the reflectors and how the calibration flights are to be coordinated and instrumented with the reflectors.
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Elmblad, Daniel. "Gold - A Safe Haven : A quantitative research of gold and its role as a safe haven in Sweden." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Nationalekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38322.
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During stormy weathers ships searched for safe havens to stay until the storm had subsided. In much similarity to these ships, investors on the financial markets search for safe assets when the markets start to shake. What could be considered a safe asset seems to be a never-ending discussion but many points out gold as one. However, no further observations of gold as a safe haven on the Swedish financial market has been made. The purpose of this research is to examine if gold could act as a safe haven in Sweden. The data used in this research is daily returns from OMXS30 and the 10-year Swedish government bond, where all returns also has been denominated in U.S. dollar. Further, statistical model has been used. The result show that gold potentially could act as a ‘safe haven’ for denominated stock returns but not for bond returns. Further, the result show that gold could act as a hedge for stock and bond return (non-denominated). The study concludes that gold does not act as a safe haven for stocks or bonds in Sweden. However, gold show weak safe haven attributes for denominated stock return.
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Vieira, Alexandre. "Análise e estudo de parâmetros para texturização a laser com pulsos ultracurtos para melhoria das propriedades tribológicas de componentes de motor." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-09082018-092107/.
Full textAbstract:
Neste trabalho foram realizadas otimizações no processo de fabricação de micro cavidades na superfície do aço DIN 16MnCr5, com o objetivo de reduzir o coeficiente de atrito dinâmico entre duas superfícies. Para a confecção das micro cavidades (dimples) foi utilizado um laser com pulsos ultracurtos, de largura temporal de algumas dezenas de femtossegundos. Além de estudos de variação de fluência do laser, também foi analisado o resultado da utilização de diferentes perfis de energia do feixe. Para a caracterização das micro cavidades, foram utilizadas técnicas como a microscopia eletrônica de varredura, para análise morfológica, interferometria de luz branca e microscopia confocal para análise topográfica, dimensional e perfilométrica. Foram realizados ensaios de desgaste, em tribômetro para análise da variação do coeficiente de atrito após a texturização. Após os ensaios, percebeu-se que a texturização com pulsos ultracurtos apresenta grande vantagem na confecção de micro cavidades devido a precisão e ausência de interação térmica entre o laser e o material. Em relação ao atrito, as amostras texturizadas apresentaram redução da força e do coeficiente de atrito, porém, foram observados sinais de aumento da pressão de contato entre as superfícies.In this work, optimizations were realized in the dimples manufacturing process on DIN 16MnCr5 steel surface, the target were to reduce the coefficient of dynamic friction between two surfaces. A laser with ultrashort pulses, temporal width of a few tens of femtoseconds, was used to manufacture dimples. In addition to studies of variation of laser beam fluency, the results of the use of different beam energy profiles were also analyzed. For analysis of dimples, techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), for morphological analysis, white light interferometry and confocal surface microscopy were used for topographic, dimensional and perfilometry. Wear tests were performed to analyze the variation of the friction coefficient in texturing surface. After the tests, it was observed that the texturing with ultrashort pulses presents a great advantage in manufacturing of dimples, due to the precision and absence of thermal interaction between the laser beam and the material. In relation to the friction coefficient, the textured samples presented a reduction of the friction force and consequently of the friction coefficient, but an increase in the contact pressure between the studied surfaces was observed.
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Lopes, Nat?lia Feij? "Corros?o de a?os utilizados na ind?stria de petr?leo por CO2 sob press?o, temperatura e meio corrosivo similar ao encontrado em reservat?rios do Pr?-sal." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2017. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7423.
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Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T13:27:41Z
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS)
For the oil industry, corrosion in steel is a serious problem, especially when in presence of aqueous environment and in contact with dissolved gases (CO2, H2S and O2). In cases exploration in pre-salt fields, corrosion control is even more critical, because the crude oil is extracted with high salinity and elevated CO2 content at high pressures and temperatures. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the performance of steels used in wellbore casing (HSLA steels with 0.04% Cr and with 0.31% Cr and a superduplex steel) in a CO2 corrosive environment with a similar chemical composition to the pre-salt reservoirs, at high pressures (15 and 30 MPa) and high temperatures (50?C and 90?C). For this, batch corrosion tests, for 7 and 30 days, were performed and the assessment of the corrosion process was made through the characterization of the scales formed on the steel surface. Corrosion rates were determined by mass loss tests, the characterization of the corrosion products was made by FEG/SEM, EDS, XRD and Raman, and the properties of the corrosion products were evaluated by electrochemical measurements of potentiodynamic polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance. In addition, the in-situ corrosion process was carried out at atmospheric pressure and evaluated by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in order to compare with the results obtained at high pressures. The scales formed on the steel surface at high pressure are predominantly composed of iron carbonate enriched with calcium as substitutional element in the lattice and the results indicate that the scales that exhibited more protective properties were the ones formed at higher temperature (90?C). There was a significant improvement on the protection character of these scales with the increase of the chromium content, with special emphasis on the high performance of superduplex steel. Comparing EIS analyzes performed on pre-corroded steels with in-situ measurements, the results obtained by the measurements performed using pre-corroded samples were more coherent with the results obtained by the other evaluation methods. However, the in situ EIS measurement can be important to provide complementary information for the understanding of corrosion involving complex systems such as these studied.
Para a ind?stria petrol?fera, a corros?o em a?os ? um grave problema, principalmente quando em presen?a de meio aquoso e em contato com gases dissolvidos (CO2, H2S e O2). Em casos como no pr?-sal, o controle da corros?o ? ainda mais cr?tico, pois o petr?leo ? extra?do com ?gua de alta salinidade e elevado teor de CO2, a altas press?es e temperaturas. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o desempenho de a?os utilizados em revestimento de po?os de petr?leo (a?os ARBL com 0,04% de Cr e com 0,31% de Cr e um a?o superduplex) frente ao ambiente corrosivo por CO2, com composi??o qu?mica similar ao pr?-sal, a altas press?es (15 e 30 MPa) e altas temperaturas (50?C e 90?C). Para isto, realizaram-se ensaios de corros?o em batelada, por 7 e 30 dias, e as an?lises do processo corrosivo foram realizadas a partir da caracteriza??o dos filmes de produto de corros?o formados na superf?cie do a?o ap?s os ensaios. As taxas de corros?o foram determinadas por perda de massa, a caracteriza??o dos produtos de corros?o foi realizada por FEG/MEV, EDS, DRX e Raman, e as propriedades eletroqu?micas dos produtos de corros?o foram avaliadas por resist?ncia de polariza??o potenciodin?mica e imped?ncia eletroqu?mica (EIS). Al?m disso, avaliou-se tamb?m o processo corrosivo in situ, por meio de espectroscopia de imped?ncia eletroqu?mica, em press?o atmosf?rica com a finalidade de comparar com os resultados obtidos a altas press?es. O produto de corros?o formado na superf?cie do a?o a alta press?o, para todas as condi??es experimentais, ? predominantemente composto por carbonato de ferro enriquecido por c?lcio substitucional e os resultados indicam que os filmes que apresentaram propriedades mais protetoras aos a?os foram os formados em temperatura mais alta (90?C). Houve uma melhora significativa no car?ter de prote??o destes filmes com o aumento do teor de cromo, com especial destaque ao elevado desempenho do a?o superduplex. Comparando as an?lises de EIS realizadas nos a?os pr?-corro?dos com as de in situ, observou-se que os resultados obtidos atrav?s das medidas realizadas nas amostras pr?-corro?das foram mais coerentes com os resultados obtidos pelos outros m?todos avaliativos. Por?m, a medida de EIS in situ pode ser importante para fornecer informa??es complementares para a compreens?o da corros?o envolvendo sistemas complexos como estes estudados.
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Silva, Francisco Pereira da. "Cooperativa :." Florianópolis, SC, 2000. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/79222.
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Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-18T00:41:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-09-25T17:06:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 153051.pdf: 6388847 bytes, checksum: 950544adf5d7e15f8a762102f5aa1e6a (MD5)
Verificar se o cooperativismo de trabalho médico, implementado pela UNIMED - Circuito das Águas, São Lourenço/MG, a partir de 1988, representa uma nova alternativa de relação de trabalho, na substituição de mão de obra pela máquina, agora em nível muito superior à simples mecanização, assumindo, inclusive, o processo decisório, alterando a economia social.
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Junod-Valera, Tatiana. "Observations pour une rythmique du film : Etude des films "A Falecida (La Décédée)" et "São Bernardo" de Leon Hirszman." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030173.
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Cette these est articulee autour de deux axes principaux : une approche theorique sur la notion de rythme et une etude de la structure rythmique de deux films du realisateur bresilien leon hirszman, sao bernardo et a falecida (la decedee). Le premier axe cherche a definir le rythme en general et le rythme du film en particulier, a partir d'un examen des differentes approches qui ont ete consacrees a cette notion. Le deuxieme axe, etudie le systeme rythmique qui preside a l'ordonnancement dynamique des deux films choisis. Il comprend deux parties. Dans la premiere partie les textes filmiques sont situes dans leur champ textuel, par la mise en relation avec leur contexte et par la determination de leurs rapports transtextuels et intertextuels. Dans la seconde, est analyse le role enonciatif des structures rythmiques majeures des deux films. Le but est d'observer la part du rythme dans le fonctionnement metadiscursif du film. Le rythme est utilise comme strategie de communication par le systeme enonciatif du film. Ce cas est specialement present dans sao bernardo, qui a ete concu a priori comme un film d'intervention, au sens donne par christian metz. Il s'agit d'un film capable de subvertir l'instance imaginaire chez le spectateur, pour transmettre des <> caches derriere une trame diegetique fictionalisante. Nous avons voulu reunir dans cette these une reflexionsur le phenomene rythmique dans le champ cinematographique, une approche du fonctionnement des rythmes du film et plus particulierement une appreciation du tissu rythmique de deux films de leon hirszman. Cette etude amorce les premisses d'une analyse plus vaste, qui viserait a deceler les facteurs d'intertextualite rythmique dans une oeuvre. Nous pensons que le rythme, au dela d'etre une manifestation du sujet de l'enonciation, est aussi une trace de l'auteur. C'est un signe stylistique, qui peut apporter de renseignements interessants, a travers une analyse comparative des films constitutifs d'une oeuvre cinematographiqueThis thesis is articulated around two main axis : a theoretical approach of the notion of the rhythm and a study of the rhythmic structures of two films of the brazilian director leon hirszman, sao bernardo and a falecida (the deceased). The first axis aims to define rhythm in a general way and, more particularly, the rhythm of films through the examination of different theoretical approaches of this notion. The second axis, studies the rhythmic system that presides the dynamic organisation of the chosen films. It includes two sections : in the first one, the films are placed in their textual field. This permits the observation of the relations established between the film's texts and its contexts, as well as some of the resulting transtextual and intertextual relations. The second step focuses on the identifying the part taken by the major rhythmic structures in each film. The aim is to observe the role of rhythm in the metadiscursive functioning of the film. The rhythm is used as a communicative strategy in the enunciation system of the film. This is particularly the case of sao bernardo, which has been conceived as an <> in the sense given by christian metz. This means a film able to subvert the spectator's imaginary process, in order to transmit the <> hidden behind the diegetic plot leading to fictionalisation. In this thesis, we wanted to put together a reflection about the rhythmic phenomenon in the cinematographic field, and an approach to the work of the rhythmic structures in a film with a particular observation of the rhythmic weft of our choice of films by leon hirszman. This study sets down the premises for a broader analysis, which should point out the factors of a rhythmic intertextuality in a group of films of one filmmaker. We think that rhythm more than just a manifestation of the subject of the enunciation, is also an author's trail. It is a stylistic sign, that can bring out interesting data through a comparative analysis of the films that constitute an author's work
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Chen, Haogang. "Certifying a crash-safe file system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107325.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 93-99).
File systems are a cornerstone for storing and retrieving permanent data, yet they are complex enough to have bugs that might cause data loss, especially in the face of system crashes. FSCQ is the first file system that (1) provides a precise specification for the core subset of POSIX file-system APIs; and the APIs include fsync and fdatasync, which allow applications to achieve high I/O performance and crash safety, and that (2) provides a machine-checked proof that its I/O-efficient implementation meets this precise specification. FSCQ's proofs avoid crash-safety bugs that have plagued file systems, such as forgetting to insert a disk-write barrier between writing the data from the log and writing the log's commit block. FSCQ's specification also allows applications to prove their own crash safety, avoiding application-level bugs such as forgetting to invoke fsync on both the file and the containing directory. As a result, applications on FSCQ can provide strong guarantees: they will not lose data under any sequence of crashes. To state FSCQ's theorems, FSCQ introduces the Crash Hoare Logic (CHL), which extends traditional Hoare logic with a crash condition, a recovery procedure, and logical address spaces for specifying disk states at different abstraction levels. CHL also reduces the proof effort for developers through proof automation. Using CHL, the thesis developed, specified, and proved the correctness of the FSCQ file system. FSCQ introduces a metadata-prefix specification that captures the properties of fsync and fdatasync, based on Linux ext4's behavior. FSCQ also introduces disk sequences and disk relations to help formalize the metadata-prefix specification. The evaluation shows that FSCQ enables end-to-end verification of application crash safety, and that FSCQ's optimizations achieve I/O performance on par with that of Linux ext4.
by Haogang Chen.
Ph. D.
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Kokotov, Daniel (Daniel L. ). 1978. "PSolver : a distributed SAT solver framework." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86807.
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Thesis (M.Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-130).
by Daniel Kokotov.
M.Eng.and S.B.
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Thrush, Tristan Andrew Fraser. "SAL : a Self-Aware Learning system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127705.
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This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2019
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 67-68).
In this thesis, I take a step towards understanding how and why humans learn to solve problems about their solving of problems. I present a general-purpose neural reinforcement learning system called SAL, which can learn to think about its own problem solving, and use this capability to learn how to solve problems at another level. I show that SAL can use self-reference to articulate, and learn to articulate, its thoughts to a human, and internalize and apply a human's help, in natural language. I also demonstrate that SAL's abilities are enabled by an internal representation that shares important properties with, and is easily converted between, natural language. On the practical side, I argue that SAL can inform production question answering systems research. SAL can answer multi-step questions that are grounded in the world by extracting operational knowledge from pre-trained word embeddings. As an example, SAL knows how to use the action associated with \grab [the] diesel jug" to get closer to a solution, given the state of a physical world and a goal. And SAL can do this without any actual experience using (and without ever being told by a human about) any action associated with \grab" or the argument \diesel jug." SAL can do so with both very little training reward data and without assuming anything about the operational meaning of a particular lexical item, or composition of them, at first. Alternatively, typical neural reinforcement learning systems can not learn like SAL; they only work with a level of data that would be difficult to achieve in the real world. SAL's implementation, trained models, analysis code, and instructions, are at https://github.com/TristanThrush/sal. It is easy to add new problems (even in new domains) that you want SAL to learn.
by Tristan Andrew Fraser Thrush.
M. Eng.
M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Sandri, Silvana. "Amilóide sérica A: efeitos biológicos sobre células mononucleares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-02092008-150559/.
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Nos últimos anos, nosso grupo de pesquisa vem descrevendo vários efeitos da SAA em células do sistema imune no que diz respeito à expressão e liberação de citocinas pró-inflamatórias. Neste estudo centramos nossa atenção na verificação dos efeitos da SAA sobre células mononucleares. Para isto, usamos três modelos experimentais. Em murinos, descrevemos a habilidade da SAA induzir a produção de NO por macrófagos peritoneais e, com uso de animais knockout para TLR4, sugerimos que SAA seja um ligante endógeno do TLR4. Em células mononucleares de sangue periférico humano, a SAA induz a expressão e liberação de CCL20, uma quimiocina importante na transição da resposta imune inata para adaptativa, bem como a expressão dos fatores M-CSF e VEGF. Em células THP-1, mostramos a cinética de fosforilação de proteínas tirosina quinases promovida pela SAA e comparamos com LPS, um estímulo pró-inflamatório clássico. Ainda em células THP-1 mostramos que a SAA induz a fosforilação de duas proteínas importantes no processo inflamatório por induzirem a ativação de NFκB; a p38 e a ERK1/2. Com este estudo contribuímos com o conhecimento a respeito do papel regulatório da SAA em células mononucleares. A ação da SAA sobre estas células torna-se importante, pois estas são cruciais na resposta imune inata e também atuam como células acessórias na resposta imune adaptativa. Desta forma, evidencia-se que, no processo de fase aguda, a expressão e a síntese de SAA resultam na modulação de etapas que controlam este processo e sua progressão.In the past few years, our research group has described various effects of serum amyloid A (SAA) on cells of the immune system regarding the expression and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study we have focused on the effects of SAA on mononuclear cells. In order to do this, we have used three experimental models. In the murine experimental model, we described SAA\'s ability to induce the production of NO through peritoneal macrophages and, by using knockout animals for TLR4, we suggested that SAA is an endogenous agonist of TLR4. In mononuclear cells of peripheral human blood, SAA induced the expression and release of CCL20, an important chemokine in the transition from the innate to the adaptive immune response, as well as the expression of M-CSF and VEGF-factors. In THP-1 cells, we showed the phosporylation kinetics of tyrosine protein kinases induced by SAA, and we compared it to LPS, a classic pro-inflammatory stimulus. We also demonstrated, in THP-1 cells, that SAA induced the phosphorylation of two proteins, namely p38 and ERK1/2, that are crucial in the inflammatory process because they induce the activation of transcription factors. With this study, we contributed to the knowledge of the regulatory role of SAA in mononuclear cells. Activity of SAA on these cells is highly important, for they are crucial in the innate immune response and act as accessory cells in the adaptive immune response. Hence it is evident that, in the acute phase process, the expression and synthesis of SAA result in the modulation of the phases that control this process and its progression.
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Comerma, Gómez Marta. "Processos heterotròfics microbians a l'embassament de Sau / Heterotrophic microbial processes in the Sau reservoir." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1423.
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We studied the planktonic food web in the eutrophic Sau Reservoir (Catalonia, NE Spain) taking account of both spatial as well as temporal scales. We have analysed several longitudinal transects (sampling from the river to the dam) during 1996-2000 period, covering a wide range of both seasonal and spatial water circulation patterns.The longitudinal circulation of the River Ter across the Sau Reservoir is the result of the difference between inflow and epilimnion water temperatures along the year. Horizontal patterns of stratification and river circulation in this reservoir can be combined to explain its hydrodynamics. Therefore, from these observations, an empirical annual pattern of longitudinal circulation in the Sau Reservoir was obtained for the 1996-2000 period. The general river circulation model is characterized by underflow in winter, overflow-interflow in spring and interflow in summer-autumn.
We observed decreasing chemical gradients from river to dam in the epilimnion of the Sau Reservoir, caused by the inflow of River Ter, a river highly polluted with organic matter. Sau works as an efficient purification system, improving water quality from inflow to outflow. The efficiency of this system depends on nutrient loads, nutrient concentrations in the reservoir, sedimentation rates, biological activity and water flow. Water flow in the reservoir, flowing in bottom (underflow), middle (interflow) or top layers (overflow) through greatly influences the degree of mixing between river and reservoir waters.
Enhanced abundances and activities of microbes were detected during the spring and summer periods. Applying a model of geometric distances, we analysed all samplings together from a longitudinal perspective (from the River Ter downstream to the dam). Along the longitudinal gradient, we characterized a downstream food-chain succession with spatial dominance of bacteria, heterotrophic nanoflagellates, ciliates, phytoplankton, and zooplankton. The river circulation pattern through the reservoir controlled this longitudinal gradient. The amplitude of microbial peaks was related to nutrient and organic carbon loads in the river inflow and the percentage of river water mixed to the epilimnion. Ciliates, not HNF, were the major consumers of the bacterial production and showed two conspicuous abundance maxima. From almost 1500 ciliates inspected, Halteria grandinella was the most abundant and the most significant bacterivore.
The role of microbial and classical food chains (i. e. based directly on phytoplankon) were compared in the Sau Reservoir by analysing river-to-dam gradients in biomass and carbon and their temporal changes. The detritic metabolic pathway was more important near to the inflow, due to high allochthonous organic matter loads allowing the rapid development of the microbial food web. Protozoans (HNF and ciliates) consumed most of the bacterial production (i.e. >50 %) in the reservoir. As opposed to the systems of lower trophic status ciliate carbon biomass and bacterivory contributions were larger than those of the HNF. We estimated species-specific ciliate growing rates on bacteria and distinguished several periods with high importance of distinct ciliate communities.
An experiment with differently top-down and bottom-up manipulated microcosms was conducted during spring 2000 to estimate growth rates of heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF) and of main groups of ciliates in the epilimnion of the lacustrian area of the Sau Reservoir (not directly influenced by the polluted river). Along with the major factors controlling the growth of protozoan populations we also studied the impact of metazooplankton on the structure of the microbial food web. Results clearly documented that, in the lacustrian area, HNF and ciliate growth rates were controlled mainly by zooplankton predation while only a limited effect of the food resource limitation could be detected in this eutrophic reservoir.
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Tanous, William Brandon. "A benefit-cost analysis of the San Marcos conference center in San Marcos, Texas /." View online, 2007. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/266/.
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Castro, Aline Capela Fernandes de. "DeterminaÃÃo dos Ãndices de sensibilidade ambiental ao derramamento de Ãleo do litoral da Ilha de SÃo TomÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6972.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoAcidentes por derrames de petrÃleo no mar causam danos irreversÃveis para o meio ambiente, para melhor tratar e prever os acidentes desde as Ãltimas dÃcadas diversos paÃses adotaram planos de contingÃncia, avaliaÃÃo de risco e de vigilÃncia marinha no combate à poluiÃÃo por petrÃleo. Inicialmente, esses planos eram baseados apenas em observaÃÃes, coletas de dados in situ, e experimentos laboratoriais. Em 1976, foi criado um Ãndice de sensibilidade ao impacto por Ãleo atravÃs do quais os diferentes ecossistemas costeiros foram mapeados e hierarquizados em uma escala de sensibilidade relativa denominada de Carta de Sensibilidade Ambiental ao Derrame de Ãleo (Cartas SAO), (NOAA, 1997). Para a elaboraÃÃo da Carta de Sensibilidade Ambiental ao Derramamento do Ãleo da Ãrea foi adotada uma metodologia baseada nas especificaÃÃes e normas tÃcnicas descritas pelo NOOA Coastal Sevice, adaptadas pelo MinistÃrio de Meio Ambiente (MMA 2002) para a costa brasileira. Para a elaboraÃÃo das Cartas SAO de SÃo Tomà utilizou-se estudos sobre composiÃÃo litolÃgica, tipos de morfologia praial, parÃmetros hidrolÃgicos, composiÃÃo do substrato, recursos naturais e atividades desenvolvidas em cada setor do litoral, que foram determinantes na classificaÃÃo e caracterizaÃÃo do grau de risco ambiental dos compartimentos costeiros, relativos aos variados Ãndices de sensibilidade ambiental. A regiÃo litorÃnea de SÃo Tomà caracteriza-se por apresentar substratos arenosos, rochosos, lamosos e regiÃes com desenvolvimento de recifes coralÃneos. Nas Ãreas foram caracterizados os Ãndices de Sensibilidade 1 (ISL1) evidenciado nas praias da Cidade de Neves norte do paÃs que apresenta estruturas artificiais, no terminal de descarga de combustÃvel. Caso ocorra derrame de Ãleo a permanÃncia serà de pequena duraÃÃo e a remoÃÃo de modo natural. Ãndice 2 (ISL2) caracterizado por praias que apresentam costÃes rochosos e rochas aflorantes no estirÃncio, o substrato impermeÃvel impede a penetraÃÃo de Ãleo e a fina camada de sedimentos que, por vezes, se acumula na base da escarpa, à removida pelas ondas de tempestades. Ãndice 3 (ISL3) que apresenta substratos semipermeÃveis, baixa penetraÃÃo/ soterramento de petrÃleo, caracterÃstico de praias dissipativas com areia grossa, mÃdia e fina remobilizadas pela aÃÃo das ondas. Ãndice 4 (ISL4) caracterizado por substratos de mÃdia permeabilidade; moderada penetraÃÃo/soterramento de petrÃleo, que ocorre em praias dissipativas de areia grossa, sendo encontrado na praia Largato.A penetraÃÃo do Ãleo à cerca de 25 cm de profundidade, a mobilidade do sedimento tende ao soterramento exigindo o manuseio de grande volume de sedimentos. O impactos sobre as comunidades biÃticas inter-marÃs podem ser severos. Ãndice 6 (ISL 6) apresenta substratos de elevada permeabilidade; alta penetraÃÃo/soterramento de petrÃleo, que corre na praia de cascalho (seixos e calhaus), nesse caso, a percolaÃÃo do Ãleo à cerca de 100 cm, e as praias de cascalho tÃm o nÃvel mais elevado de impacto, devido à facilidade e profundidade de percolaÃÃo do Ãleo e consequentes dificuldades de remoÃÃo. A limpeza pode ser difÃcil, devido à grande profundidade de penetraÃÃo do Ãleo e baixa trafegabilidade, o jateamento com Ãgua pode ser uma soluÃÃo parcial em enrocamentos. Ãndice 8 (ISL8) apresenta substratos impermeÃveis e moderadamente permeÃveis, abrigados, com epifauna abundante, ocorrendo enrocamentos "rip-rap" e outras estruturas artificiais nÃo lisas. Ãndice 10 (ISL10) encontrada nas zonas pantanosas com vegetaÃÃo acima dâÃgua, ocorre nos manguezais de Malanza na regiÃo sul da ilha. A identificaÃÃo dos Ãndices de sensibilidade e a elaboraÃÃo das cartas indicaram a presenÃa de Ãrea com abaixo indices e Ãreas com alto Ãndice suscetÃveis ao derramamento de Ãleo na regiÃo costeira do paÃs.
Accidental oil spills at sea cause irreversible damage to the environment, to better predict and treat casualties in the last decades many countries have contingency plans, risk assessment and surveillance in combating marine oil pollution. Initially, these plans were based only on observation, data collection in situ and laboratory experiments. In 1976 an index of sensitivity was created to determine the impact of oil through which the different coastal ecosystems were mapped and ranked on a scale of relative sensitivity known as Letter of Environmental Sensitivity to Oil Spill (Letters ARE), (NOAA,1997).For drafting the Charter of Environmental Sensitivity to Oil Spill in the area was adopted a methodology based on technical specifications and standards set by the Coastal NOOA Sevice, adapted by the Ministry of Environment (MMA 2002) for the Brazilian coast. For the development of SAO Letters of Sao Tome it was used the studies on lithological composition, types of beach morphology, hydrological parameters, substrate composition, natural resources and activities in each sector of the coast, who were instrumental in the classification and characterization of the degree of Environmental risk coastal compartiments, relative to various indices of environmental sensitivity.The coastal region of Sao Tome is characterized by having sandy bottoms, rocky, muddy areas and areas with development of coral reefs. Areas were characterized as a sensitivity index (ISL1) shown on the beaches of the city of Neves in the north of the country with artificial structures, the terminal discharge of fuel. In the event of spillage of oil to stay will be of short term duration and the removal of natural way. Index 2 (ISL2) characterized by beaches and rocky shores that have rocks outcropping in estirÃncio, waterproof substrate prevents the penetration of oil and the thin layer of sediment that sometimes accumulates at the base of the escarpment, is removed by stormy waves.Index 3 (ISL3) submitting semi-permeable substrates, low penetration / burial of oil, typical of dissipative beaches with coarse sand, medium and fine remobilized by wave action. Index 4 (ISL4) characterized by substrates of medium permeability, moderate penetration / burial of oil, which occurs in dissipative beaches of coarse sand, found on the beach Largato.The penetration of oil is about 25 cm deep, the mobility of sediment tends to landfill by requiring the handling of large volumes of sediment. The impacts on intertidal biota can be severe. Index ISL 6 6 presents high permeability substrates, high penetration / burial of oil, which occurs in the shingle beach (pebbles and boulders in this case, the percolation of oil is about 100 cm, and gravel beaches have the highest level high impact due to the ease and depth of percolation of oil and the consequent difficulty of removal. Cleaning can be difficult due to the large penetration depth of the oil and low traffic, blasting with water can be a partial solution in rockfill. Index 8 (ISL8) features waterproof and moderately permeable substrates, sheltered, with abundant epifaunal occurring rockfill (â rip-rapâ and other artificial structures not smooth. Index 10 (ISL10) found in wetlands whit vegetation above water, accurs in malanza mangroves in the south of the island. The identification of rates of sensitivity and the drafting of the letters indicated the presence of area below and areas with high susceptibility to oil spills in the coastal region of the country.
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Lee, Dong-Myung. "A Voltage Sag Supporter Utilizing A PWM-Switched Autotransformer." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5215.
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This research suggests a novel voltage control scheme that can compensate for voltage sag and swell conditions in three-phase power systems. Faults occurring in power distribution systems or facilities in plants cause the voltage sag or swell. For sensitive loads, even voltage sags of short duration can cause serious problems in the entire system.
In order to mitigate power interruptions, this research proposes a scheme called Voltage Sag Supporter utilizing a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)-Switched Autotransformer. The proposed scheme is able to quickly recognize the voltage sag or swell condition, and it can correct the voltage by either boosting the input voltage during voltage sag events or reducing the input voltage during voltage swell events. Among existing methods, the scheme based on the inverter system such as dynamic voltage restorers (DVR) require an inverter, a rectifier, and a step-up down transformer, which makes the system expensive. AC converters can be used for the purpose of the research. However, they consist of two solid-state switches per one phase and include energy storage devices such as reactors and capacitors. The switching device for the high voltage application is relatively expensive so that this research suggests a scheme utilizing only one switch for the output voltage control, which makes the system more stable and cost effective. The proposed scheme can be applied at any voltage and provides cost and size advantages over existing methods due to the reduced number of switching components and no need of energy storage devices. Simulations and experiments have been carried out to verify the validity of the proposed scheme, and prototype experiments are being done to confirm the control scheme.
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Ccahua, Vilcapaza Maria Angelica. "Conocimiento de los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica sometidos a hemodiálisis sobre la alimentación en la Clínica Benedicto XVI SAC San Juan de Lurigancho Zárate 2017." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/7578.
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Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorDetermina los conocimientos de los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica sometidos a hemodiálisis sobre la alimentación en la Clínica Benedicto XVI SAC San Juan de Lurigancho, Zarate en el 2017. El estudio es de nivel aplicativo, tipo cuantitativo, método descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra fue obtenida mediante el muestreo de proporciones para población finita y aleatoria siendo 49 pacientes. La técnica fue la encuesta y el instrumento un cuestionario aplicado previo consentimiento informado. Encuentra que del 100% (49), 39% (19) conoce y 61% (30) no conoce. En la dimensión frecuencia 69% (34) no conoce y 31% (15) conoce; en la dimensión forma de preparación o consumo 63% (31) no conoce y 37% (18) conoce; y en la dimensión medida casera 64%(31) no conoce y 37% (18) conoce. Los que conocen en la dimensión frecuencia 63% (31) expresan que se debe evitar agregar sal en sus comidas, y 59% (29) el consumo de alimentos enlatados; en la forma de preparación 73% (36) debe consumir menestras previo remojo y cocción; y en la dimensión medidas caseras 73% (36) consumen una taza de leche y 61% (30) dos unidades de huevos. Los que no conocen en cuanto a la dimensión frecuencia 88% (43) evitan el consumo de verduras congeladas; en la forma de preparación 80% (39) consume de café de grano y en la dimensión medidas caseras 88% (43) no conocen que deben consumir media porción de uva y 82% (40) media porción de pastas. Concluye que el mayor porcentaje no conoce en la dimensión frecuencia, que debe evitar el consumo de verduras congeladas; y el consumo de cereales debe ser una vez por semana, en la dimensión formas de preparación, el consumo de café debe ser de grano y la carne sancochado; en la dimensión medidas caseras que solo deben consumir media porción de uva y pastas; seguido por un porcentaje considerable que conoce que se debe evitar agregar sal en sus comidas, el consumo de alimentos enlatados; en la forma de preparación consumir menestras previo remojo y cocción, y consumir vegetales en remojo y doble cocción; y dentro de las medidas caseras que deben consumir una taza de leche y dos unidades de huevos.
Trabajo académico
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Diaz, Maurice Andrew. "A Culinary School in San Mateo, CA." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2621.
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Thesis (M. Arch.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Architecture. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Jeffs, Lynda Caron, and n/a. "A culturally safe public health research framework." University of Otago. Christchurch School of Medicine & Health Sciences, 1999. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070524.120343.
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The concept of cultural safety arose in Aotearoa me Te Waipounamu/New Zealand in the late 1980�s in response to the differential health experience and negative health outcomes of the first nation people of Aotearoa me Te Waipounamu/New Zealand, the New Zealand Maori. It was introduced and developed by Maori nurses initially, as they recognised the effect culture had on health and understood safety as a common nursing concept. The concept of cultural safety has developed into a disipline which is taught as part of all nursing and midwifery curricula in Aotearoa me Te Waipounamu/New Zealand. As cultural safety has developed the concept of culture has been extended to include people who differ from the nurse by reason of: age, migrant status, sexual preference, socioeconomic status, religious persuasion, gender, ethnicity, and in Aotearoa me Te Waipounamu/New Zealand, the Treaty of Waitangi status of the nurse and recipient/s of her/his care.
Nationally and internationally, health experience and health outcomes are poorer for people of minority group status than for people who are part of the dominant group. Public-health research is therefore generally conducted on, or with, people with minority group status. Public-health researchers, by education, are members of the dominant culture and may be unaware that their own and their clients; responses may relate to one/other or both cultures being diminished do not always ensure the safety of their own culture or the culture being researched.
This study�s objective was to develop a flexible, culturally safe public health research framework for researches to use when researching people who are culturally different from themselves. The study will argue that the use of such a framework will contribute significantly to improved health outcomes for people with minority status and will assist the movement towards emancipatory social change.
The methods undertaken included: gaining permission from Irihapeti Ramsden, the architect of cultural safety to undertake the research, conducting a literature review, consideration of primary sources and their key concepts, consulting widely with people in the field of public health and cultural safety, self reflecting on the writers own personal and professional experience and finally designing the culturally safe public health research framework.
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Wanwiwake, Tippawan. "A microsatellite based synthetic aperture radar (SAR)." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.548360.
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Attar, Pejman. "Towards a safe and secure synchronous language." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920152.
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Cette thèse propose une nouvelle approche du parallélisme et de la concurrence, posant les bases d'un langage de programmation à la fois sûr et "secure" (garantissant la sécurité des données), fondé sur une sémantique formelle claire et simple, tout en étant adapté aux architectures multi-cores. Nous avons adopté le paradigme synchrone, dans sa variante réactive, qui fournit une alternative simple à la programmation concurrente standard en limitant l'impact des erreurs dépendant du temps ("data-races"). Dans un premier temps, nous avons considéré un langage réactif d'orchestration, DSL, dans lequel on fait abstraction de la mémoire (Partie 1). Dans le but de pouvoir traiter la mémoire et la sécurité, nous avons ensuite étudié (Partie 2) un noyau réactif, CRL, qui utilise un opérateur de parallélisme déterministe. Nous avons prouvé la réactivité bornée des programmes de CRL. Nous avons ensuite équipé CRL de mécanismes pour contrôler le flux d'information (Partie 3). Pour cela, nous avons d'abord étendu CRL avec des niveaux de sécurité pour les variables et les évènement, puis nous avons défini dans le langage étendu, SSL, un système de types permettant d'éviter les fuites d'information. Parallèlement (Partie 4), nous avons ajouté la mémoire à CRL, en proposant le modèle DSLM. En utilisant une notion d'agent, nous avons structuré la mémoire de telle sorte qu'il ne puisse y avoir de "data-races". Nous avons également étudié l'implémentation de DSLM sur les architectures multi-cores, fondée sur la notion de site et de migration d'un agent entre les sites. L'unification de SSL et de DSLM est une piste pour un travail futur.
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Neil, Tobias. "A New SAT Encoding of Earley Parsing." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-244520.
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While the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) lies in NP, prodigious work in SAT solvers has allowed for its use in modeling a multitude of practical problems. Stating a problem in SAT can be cumbersome though and so the demand for SAT encodings arises, providing a means to formulate problems or parts of problems in a more intuitive environment. Several algorithms have been proposed in the past to encode context-free grammars as SAT formulae, allowing for the comprehensive construction of many interesting constraints such as at-most k constraints or such ones pertaining to language syntax. In 2011 a new algorithm was proposed, differing from previous ones in it being based on Earley parsing instead of CYK parsing. Although it performed well for interesting groups of grammars it was later found to behave incorrectly for certain inputs. This thesis discusses the flaws in said algorithm, presents a revision of it and argues for the altered algorithm's correctness. The alterations come with a price, however, and both the running time and output size complexities suffer more-than-quadratic blowup. Since no empirical tests have been performed as of yet, it is still unclear what impact this blowup will have on practical instances.
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Johnson, Heidi Anna. "A grammar of San Miguel Chimalapa Zoque /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Palathra, Thomas C. "Process modeling of a wire saw operation." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8496.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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López-Pineda, Andrés Humberto. "FlightCrew Browser : a safe browser for drivers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85444.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 55-57).
Drivers have information needs they want to solve while driving, but current mobile browser interfaces can bring forth safety issues when users browse the web even though their attention is required elsewhere, as it is during driving. FlightCrew Browser is a crowd-adapted web browser using speech input, touch input, speech output, and visual output in appropriate, informative, and safe ways to empower the driver of a car to investigate an evolving information need. Our system uses human workers to do browsing interactions for the user, as well as pick data from webpages that will be returned to the user. We use three workers at a time in order to provide quality control by using a voting system to pick what answers the workers believed to be best for the user. The workers can hear the driver's query and see the last page the driver received answers from in order to provide a shared context. FlightCrew Browser provides a low-risk way for users to access the web when they are commuting or traveling alone. We evaluated our system using metrics and tests similar to those used by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and found that it is safer for drivers to use than existing mobile browsers.
by Andrés Humberto López-Pineda.
M. Eng.
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Nelson, Max (Max M. ). "A new approach to parallel SAT solvers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85456.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-72).
We present a novel approach to solving SAT problems in parallel by partitioning the entire set of problem clauses into smaller pieces that can be solved by individual threads. We examine the complications that arise with this partitioning, including the idea of global variables, broadcasting global conflict clauses, and a protocol to ensure correctness. Along with this algorithm description, we provide the details of a C++ implementation, ParallelSAT, with a few specific optimizations. Finally, we demonstrate that this approach provides a significant speedup on a set of SAT problems related to program analysis.
by Max Nelson.
M. Eng.