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Academic literature on the topic 'Safety Factor Steel Pipes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Safety Factor Steel Pipes"

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WEI, ZHE. "GENERATION OF DECELERATION PULSES OF THE TROLLEY IN CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEMS’ DYNAMIC TESTS BASED ON SIMULATIONS AND EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATIONS." Journal of Engineering Studies and Research 27, no. 2 (2021): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v27i2.280.

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As one of devices for passive safety, child restraint system remains a positive factor in securing the safety of child occupants in vehicles’ collisions. Generation of deceleration pulses is essential for dynamic tests conducted to assess the safety performance according to many regulations such as UN Regulation No. 44. It deserves research on how to generate the qualified pulses conveniently and with low cost. A new method of convenience using steel pipes or tubes is recommended after all the factors influencing the deceleration being ascertained. Varied combinations of parameters make it pos

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Wang, Wanqi. "Influence of Thermal Behavior on the Safety Performance of the Pit Enclosure near Railway Foundations under Solar Radiation." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (2022): 17001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142417001.

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Thermal behavior often affects the performance of thin-walled steel structures and even becomes one of the controlling loads. Steel pipes are often used in foundation pit support. This problem of the thermal stress of steel pipes is very important. The Huhang Railway, a section of the high-speed railway from Huzhou to Hangzhou in Zhejiang Province, China, was examined in this study. In this paper, the displacement and stress in pit 358# of the Huhang Railway near the railway foundation was monitored, and a thermal coupling model was established. The temperature field distribution inside the fo

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Hadj Meliani, Mohammed, G. Pluvinage, and J. Capelle. "Gouge Assessment for Pipes and Associated Transferability Problem." Defect and Diffusion Forum 294 (December 2009): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.294.15.

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The purpose of this work is to assess a gouge defect in a pipe submitted to internal pressure. To do that a method is used which is based upon a failure assessment diagram and, more precisely, upon a Modified Notch Failure Assessment Diagram (NMFAD) which has been proposed as a mesofracture approach. The safety factor has been determined under conservative conditions; i.e for a X52 pipe steel having a relatively low fracture toughness and a severe gouge defect with high aspect ratio and high constraint. In addition, a mesofracture approach to the fracture toughness transferability problem has

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Korchagin, A. P., K. A. Kuznetsov, A. M. Kuznetsov, and S. I. Kirillov. "On the Methods for Assessing the Resistance of Steels to Brittle Fracture." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 5 (May 2021): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2021-5-59-64.

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The problem of assessing steels durability, their resistance to brittle fracture in the structures used in various branches of industry, remains relevant at the development of the new equipment and control of the old equipment. Standard strength calculations do not give a complete picture of the ability of steels due to their physical and mechanical properties to resist the formation and further development of defects and cracks under the action of actual stresses. The correct choice of a structural material for technical devices operating at low temperatures, knowledge of its characteristics

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Lu, Zhan, Jiayan Zheng, Pengbo Lan, Dingjia Chen, and Lijuan Yang. "Research on Local Buckling of Square-arched Corrugated Steel Pipe under Axial Compression." Advances in Engineering Technology Research 12, no. 1 (2025): 1393. https://doi.org/10.56028/aetr.12.1.1393.2024.

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Corrugated steel pipe is widely used in underground structures because of its advantages like higher structural strength, facilitate easier transportation and installation, boast extended service life, possess robust bending resistance, and demonstrate the capability to accommodate engineering issues like foundation deformation and uneven settlement. However, such structures are susceptible to buckling during service, but buckling on square-arched corrugated steel pipe is urgently lacking.This paper focuses on the buckling problem of square-arched corrugated steel pipe under uniform axial pres

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Koo, Sungmin, Haeyong Park, Myounghak Oh, and Seungjae Baek. "Automatic Verticality Monitoring and Securing System for Large Circular Steel Pipes." Electronics 12, no. 24 (2023): 4989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12244989.

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Securing the verticality of foundations is a crucial factor for ensuring safety in offshore construction. The repeated intrusion-pulling method is generally used to ensure verticality in suction bucket foundation construction processes. However, it relies heavily on the experience and skills of field workers and is relatively time-consuming. To address this problem, we propose an automatic verticality securing system for large circular steel pipes based on a verticality monitoring system. This system adjusts cables at locations where verticality correction is required without changing the exis

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Guy, Pluvinage, and Capelle Julien. "Risks Associated with the Use of Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier or Source." Journal of Energy and Power Technology 4, no. 3 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/jept.2203029.

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Hydrogen is a dangerous gas due to its low ignition energy, wide flammability range, promotion of the embrittlement of steel, and its high coefficient of permeation for polymers. The fracture toughness and failure elongation of pipe steels are strongly impacted by hydrogen embrittlement, whereas yield stress and ultimate strength are moderately impacted. Specific tools are required for the pipe defect assessment used for the transport of hydrogen, which is pure or blended with natural gas. The safety factors associated with cracks or scratches are obtained through the failure assessment diagra

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Golikov, N. I., M. M. Sidorov, I. I. Sannikov, and A. K. Rodionov. "Study of the mechanical properties of the gas pipeline metal after long-term operation in conditions of the North." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 86, no. 6 (2020): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2020-86-6-48-54.

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The residual strength and technical condition of the material of 530-mm steel pipe (14KhGS) of main gas pipeline are estimated to ensure the safety of long-term operation of pipelines in climatic conditions of the North. The mechanical properties are determined using standard methods of mechanical testing in laboratory conditions. A full-scale pressure test up to failure is used to determine the actual values of the fracture toughness and safety factor of the pipe. Full-scale tests were carried out on a test bench, a computer-measuring complex which displayed the reaction of the object to the

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Miura, N., and G. M. Wilkowski. "J-R Curves From Circumferentially Through-Wall-Cracked Pipe Tests Subjected to Combined Bending and Tension—Part II: Experimental and Analytical Validation." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 120, no. 4 (1998): 412–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2842352.

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In Part I (Miura and Wilkowski, 1998) of this paper, the theory of the two η-factor solutions for circumferentially through-wall-cracked pipes subjected to combined bending and tension due to internal pressure was presented. These solutions seemed to give reasonable predictions by comparing with the existing simplified J-estimation scheme. It was also ascertained that the J would be underestimated if the effect of the internal pressure was not properly considered. Consequently, this paper presents the application of these solutions to full-scale pipe tests. The tests were performed at 288°C (5

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Mayants, Yu A., D. I. Shiryapov, and E. S. Nosova. "A study of double and multiple loading of rod-type test samples made of pipe steel." Dependability 24, no. 4 (2024): 38–47. https://doi.org/10.21683/1729-2646-2024-24-4-38-47.

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During transmission pipelines pressure testing, the value of the test pressure is taken to be equal to 1.1 of the working pressure for sections of the normal category and 1.25 or 1.5 for sections of higher categories. The substantiations of the above values date back to the middle of the 20-th century, and may need to be reconsidered in the light of the new-generation pipe materials implementation. This paper aims to identify the optimal safety factor for pressure testing of main pipelines, taking into account the material of the pipes, as well as the variation of the destructive power in case

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Books on the topic "Safety Factor Steel Pipes"

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Kikō, Genshiryoku Anzen Kiban. Fukuzatsu keijōbu kiki haikan kenzensei jisshō (IAF) jigyō: Ōryoku kakudai keisu hyōka dēta-shū : yōki kantsūbu ICM haujingu no hyōmen kiretsu = Project of integrity assessment of flawed components with structural discontinuity (IAF) : data book for estimation stress intensity factor : surface crack on ICM housing for penetration in reactor vessel. Genshiryoku Anzen Kiban Kikō, 2012.

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Öztorun, Namık Kemal, and Ezgi Öztorun Köroğlu. Steel Structures I. İstanbul University–Cerrahpaşa Press Serial Number: 88, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5152/4100.

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This book provides comprehensive information essential for both the design of new steel structures and the analysis of existing ones. It covers the fundamental principles of design, procedures, historical context, specifications, and the Turkish standard TS 498 for design loads. It also addresses probability and factor of safety, the application of steel in structures, the mechanical properties of structural steels, and an introductory comments on TS 498. The book covers fundamental concepts including the behavior of tension and compression members, methods for their analysis, and details rega

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Book chapters on the topic "Safety Factor Steel Pipes"

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Liu, Haiyong, Ming Li, Yuelong Dai, and Mintao Ou. "Key Construction Technologies for Steel Truss Bridges in High Water Level and High Flow Velocity Conditions: A Case Study for Shoupanyan Bridge." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5814-2_30.

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AbstractTemporary steel truss bridges are increasingly used in engineering projects due to the large-scale construction and development of sea-crossing bridges. However, the construction of these bridges is greatly affected by environmental factors and can face significant challenges when dealing with complex conditions such as fast currents, water depth, and large fluctuations in water level. Therefore, advanced construction techniques are necessary to overcome these challenges. This paper discusses the design, analysis, and construction of a steel truss bridge over water under high water lev

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Akamatsu, S., M. Hattori, Y. Taniguchi, et al. "Behavior analysis of an integrated column by multiple steel pipes using monitoring measurement." In Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Digitalization and Sustainability. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003483755-12.

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Tang, Yunpeng, Muran Qi, Huiping Zhu, Zhenfeng Tong, and Chenglong Wang. "Mechanical and Numerical Simulation Analysis for the Insertion Section Sampling of Irradiation Charpy Specimen Reconstitution." In Springer Proceedings in Physics. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1023-6_23.

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AbstractThe reactor pressure vessel (RPV) is one of the most critical equipment in the pressurized water reactor, and its structural integrity is the key factor that determines the operational safety and service life of the reactor. In practical applications, the aging degree of RPV can be evaluated through the ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) curve of the Charpy impact specimen pre-placed in RPV. However, due to the space limitation inside the reactor core, the available irradiation surveillance specimens are limited for mechanical testing. Especially, most reactors have faced th

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"Resistance factor calibration based on FORM for driven steel pipe piles in Korea." In Geotechnical Risk and Safety. CRC Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203867310-30.

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Huh, J., M. Chung, J. Lee, K. Kwak, and J. Park. "Resistance factor calibration based on FORM for driven steel pipe piles in Korea." In Geotechnical Risk and Safety. CRC Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203867310.ch21.

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Otake Yu, Honjo Yusuke, and Kusano Tomohiro. "A procedure to determine resistance factors for a newly developed rotation steel pile." In Geotechnical Safety and Risk V. IOS Press, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-580-7-338.

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The aim of this study is to establish a procedure to determine resistance factors for newly developed pile products through an example of the rotational intrusion steel pile (RI pile). RI pile is a newly developed steel pile product which has the vane type tip structure to resist reliably against vertical load and to intrude easily by rotating itself. Moreover, the RI pile is environment-friendly, i.e. reduce waste soil and less construction noise, because of the rotating intrusion method. The construction can be done with the small pile driving equipment and the pile can be reliably founded i

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Otake Yu, Honjo Yusuke, and Kusano Tomohiro. "A Procedure to Determine Resistance Factors for a Newly Developed Rotation Steel Pile." In Geotechnical Safety and Risk V. IOS Press, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-580-7-340.

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The aim of this study is to establish a procedure to determine resistance factors for newly developed pile products through an example of the rotational intrusion steel pile (RI pile). RI pile is a newly developed steel pile product which has the vane type tip structure to resist reliably against vertical load and to intrude easily by rotating itself. Moreover, the RI pile is environment-friendly, i.e. reduce waste soil and less construction noise, because of the rotating intrusion method. The construction can be done with the small pile driving equipment and the pile can be reliably founded i

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Meyer, Jimmy E., Kristi A. Vilminot, and Joe Frey. "ASME Piping Code: B31.1, Power Piping." In Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Codes, Volume 2, Sixth Edition. ASME Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.886526_ch35.

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Abstract This chapter covers the ASME B31.1 Power Piping Code and provides additional insight into the proper use of the Code. The chapter intends to supplement and provide additional insight to the proper use of the Code. It begins with a discussion of the conditions or considerations for the design of piping systems; the basis of the allowable stresses, quality factors, etc. to be used for the design of piping systems; and the requirements for pressure design of piping components. The chapter briefly addresses various piping components or types of piping joints which might be limited to nonh

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Tu, Shengwu, Dongwang Zhong, Linna Li, Xiangchao Gong, and Kuan Zhu. "Dynamic Response and Reliability Analysis of Buried Steel Pipes Under Blast Load." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde210222.

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Comprehensively considering the influence of multiple load factors involved in the stress of buried pipelines, the dynamic response model and failure function of buried pressurized pipelines under explosive loads are established, and the formula for calculating the stresses of buried pressurized pipelines is proposed. Design and carry out dynamic response model experiment of buried steel pipe under explosive load, and extract relevant model parameters according to experimental data. For the buried pressurized steel pipes under extreme experimental conditions, the reliability analysis was carri

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"Offshore Operations." In Petroleum Engineering Explained: Basic Concepts for Novices. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788016681-00369.

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Many of the world's petroleum reservoirs are located beneath water, either under the seabed or under a lake. Since the first offshore well was drilled in 1896 in shallow water off the Californian coast, technology has advanced to the point where petroleum reservoirs can be exploited even if the seabed is located 4 km below the sea surface. This chapter begins with a review of the different types of vessels used to drill and then exploit a reservoir – these vessels include submersible drilling barges, jack-up rigs, semi-submersible drilling rigs, drillships, steel-jacket platform, concrete grav

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Conference papers on the topic "Safety Factor Steel Pipes"

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Ju, Jun Peng, Su Feng Yan, Qiao Tang, and Han Yue Li. "Structural Stability Analysis of Phoenix-Shaped Pipe Truss of Shaohuashan Upper Station Building." In 12th Annual International Conference on Material Science and Engineering. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-wcmn2j.

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Stabilization of steel structure has always been a key concern in the engineering world. The phoenix shape of the upper station house in the ropeway project of Shaohuashan National Forest Park in Shaanxi Province consists of 5 groups of tube truss structures forming an overall space tube truss structure form through connecting rods. The finite element method was used to analyze its stability, and the overall structural eigenvalue buckling analysis and nonlinear instability analysis were carried out. It is shown that the factor of safety of the structure is inversely related to the initial defe

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Murthy, Nori VSN. "Calculate Allowable Stress, Quit Factor of Safety." In HT 2013, edited by B. Lynn Ferguson. ASM International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ht2013p0029.

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Abstract This paper introduces two simplified equations, "Nori formulae," for calculating maximum allowable stress (MAS) in mechanical design engineering. These formulae eliminate the need for traditional safety margins or factors of safety along with factored values across applications ranging from safety pins to spacecraft components. The first formula determines the maximum allowable stress in tension, while the second addresses the maximum allowable stress in shear. The Nori formulae were developed by incorporating fundamental mechanical properties of steel: ultimate tensile strength, yiel

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Song, Fengmei. "Time and Dimension Scaling for Crevice Corrosion on Steel Pipes." In CORROSION 2012. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01168.

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Abstract Geometry scaling for crevice corrosion has been broadly studied, and past studies focus on steady-state analysis for a crevice of uniform gap. The scaling factor has been reported to be L2/δ0 (or L/δ0) or L/δ0, where L is crevice length and δ0 is crevice gap. Time scaling for unsteady-state crevice corrosion has not been reported. For geometry scaling, the underlying fundamentals can be more generally treated by dimension scaling with the scaling variable x/δ0, where x is the dimension of a one-dimensional crevice. This paper is aimed at discussing the theory behind dimension and time

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Moreira, Anna Ramus, Victor Gomes Silva, Neusvaldo Lira de Almeida, Gustavo Vaz, and Luis Fernando Fiuza Chaves. "Non-intrusive Systems for Monitoring Internal Corrosion of Carbon Steel Pipes." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-13358.

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Abstract Equipments and pipelines inspection and monitoring are important activities for safe working conditions in the oil and gas industry. Conventional techniques to manage the internal corrosion have high accuracy, but they require considerable time to consolidate results and high operational costs, including those related to environment and health safety. In contrast, there are many non-intrusive equipments (NIE) being offered by the market. However, its potentialities in meeting the requirements of Petrobras Pipeline Integrity Program, regarding the accuracy and the ability to identify c

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Magdzinski, Leon, and Rafic Moubarac. "ECTFE and MFA: Less Permeation and More Safety in Sodium Chlorate Plants." In CORROSION 2000. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00544.

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Abstract The dual laminate, poly (ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene) / fiber-reinforced plastic (ECTFE/FRP), has proven successful in providing leak-free performance in many sodium chlorate manufacturing plants. ETCFE/FRP chlorate electrolytic cells, gas collectors, pipes, and chlorine scrubbers have operated for over eighteen years, outlasting titanium in similar applications. ECTFE-lined steel pipes have replaced CPVC, FEP, PVDF and other corrosion-resistant polymers due to ECTFE low permeability in hydrogen gas lines at temperatures as high as 95°C. A new fluoropolymer, poly (perfluoromethyl

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Castaneda, H., J. Alamilla, and O. Flores-Macias. "Life Prediction and Reliability Analysis of Pipe Steel Used for Oil Transportation When Exposed to Cl- and CO2 Solutions under Flow Conditions." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04184.

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Abstract An experimental set up comprised of API X-52 steel samples exposed to Cl-, and CO2 solutions under different flow conditions were used to analyze structural safety of this material under simulating pipeline working conditions. The failure probability of a steel pipe is calculated considering that the material forms part of a long metallic structure, with corrosion as the main cause of deterioration of the pipeline structure; and analyzed from directional simulation assuming chemical and mechanical factors affecting the structure. Corrosion rates are calculated from the Electrochemical

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LIPIŃSKI, T. "Degradation of R35 Steel in 5% NaCl environment at 10°C." In Quality Production Improvement and System Safety. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902691-10.

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Abstract. Carbon steels are willingly used due to the favorable price-performance ratio. They usually do not operate in a non-corrosive state. However, there are products that are hard to protect against corrosion in their entirety. These products include pipes. It is easy to protect the outer layer of the pipe against aggressive environment. The problem with protection is caused by their inner surface. Typically, the working medium is the protective factor, usually filling the internal volume of the pipes completely. It happens, however, that corrosion occurs as a result of long storage of pi

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Mondal, Bipul Chandra, and Ashutosh Sutra Dhar. "Corrosion Effects on the Strength of Steel Pipes Using FEA." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-42003.

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This paper presents a finite element investigation on the strength and deformation characteristics of corroded steel pipes with corrosion on the exterior and interior surfaces of the pipes considering different corrosion parameters such as circumferential extent (width) of corrosion, ratio of corrosion width to pipe diameter and the locations of corrosion. The finite element analysis was performed using a commercially available general purpose finite element program, ABAQUS/Explicit. The study reveals that localized bending develops on the pipe wall within the corroded zone that extent up to a

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Avrithi, Kleio, and Ramiro Mendoza. "Target Reliability Index for Load and Resistance Factor Design of Class 2 Carbon Steel Pipes." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65797.

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The use of the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) for Class 2 nuclear piping can be an alternative of the traditional Allowable Stress Design (ASD) method currently used in the ASME Boiler Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Div. 1 providing the benefit of a known and consistent reliability for the designed piping. The design uncertainties and the necessary safety margin are evaluated for each equation for all service levels by considering the applied loads (e.g., earthquake, deadweight, internal pressure, etc.) and the resistance of steel, in the form of either the yield or ultimate stre

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Chen, Qishi, and Mamdouh M. Salama. "Comparative Reliability Analysis of FAST-Pipe™ and All-Steel Pipe." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-21162.

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Fiber Augmented Steel Technology Pipe (FAST-Pipe™) is being proposed as an alternative to high strength steel (grade X80 or higher) for high pressure gas transmission pipelines. The FAST-Pipe™ is manufactured by wrapping dry fiberglass on conventional steel pipe. It offers many performance and cost advantages. However, as with any proposed new technology, it is required to achieve a reliability level at least equal to the conventional all-steel technology. This paper summarizes the results of a burst failure probability analysis. It was part of the ongoing work to experimentally and analytical

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Reports on the topic "Safety Factor Steel Pipes"

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Foeken, van, and Gresnigt. L51809 Buckling and Collapse of UOE Manufactured Steel Pipes. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010236.

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In the past 20 years, much research has been conducted into buckling and collapse of pipelines under external pressure, bending or tension and combinations. Also many finite element analyses have been performed into the behavior of pipelines under these loads. The available test results show considerable scatter, which is considered to be caused by variations in the stress-strain relationship, the anisotropy of the steel, the Bauschinger effect, the geometrical deviations, the residual stresses, the test conditions, etc. The manufacturing method (seamless, UO, UOE) has a considerable influence

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Alexander. PR-201-124503-R01 Composite Material Reinforcement as an Alternative Method for Determination of MAOP. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010996.

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The objective of this project is to evaluate reinforcing technologies, specifically, the use of composite materials for the MAOP determination of high-pressure gas or liquid transmission pipeline systems. Reinforcing a pipeline using composite materials is not for the purpose of providing strength to a damaged section. Rather, the intent is to use composite materials to establish a Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP) with an improved safety factor as required by DOT 192 for pipelines that have been subjected to encroachment involving the construction of facilities on or near the pipeli

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Ricker, Richard E. DTRS56-04-X-0025 Pipeline Steel Corrosion Data from NBS Studies 1922-1940. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011874.

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Between 1911 and 1984, the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) conducted a large number of corrosion studies that included the measurement of corrosion damage to samples exposed to real-world environments. One of these studies was an investigation conducted between 1922 and 1940 into the corrosion of bare steel and wrought iron pipes buried underground at 47 different sites representing different soil types across the United States. At the start of this study, very little was known about the corrosion of ferrous alloys underground. The objectives of this study were to determine (i) if coatings

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Nessim. L51880 Influence of Higher Design Factor on Structural Integrity of X70 and X80 Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010372.

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Most pipelines in Class 1 areas are currently designed to a utilization factor of 0.72 using steel grades of up to X70. Using higher strength steels and/or a higher design factor can reduce the wall thickness and construction cost of such pipelines. High strength steels tend to have high yield-to-tensile ratios and lower overall post-yield tangent stiffness. This raises concerns about the potential for excessive plastic deformations under high hydrostatic test pressures. Combined with a high design factor, high steel grades will also lead to thinner pipe walls and reduced tolerance to thicknes

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Krishnamurthy, Ravi, and Udayansankar Arumugam. PR-328-223807-R01 Development of guidance document for performing ECA in accordance with Megarule. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0000037.

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Dents and mechanical damage in pipelines can present a threat to pipeline integrity that requires proactive management. The focus of this document is on dent strain assessment and mitigating the possible initiation of a crack within the dent. The objective of this MD-5-03 project is to develop and deliver a technical guidance document on mechanical damage engineering critical assessment (ECA) comprising a set of guidelines and assessment procedures, which pipeline operators could utilize as part of a dent ECA. The research consists of two tasks, namely, Task 1: Establish dent strain limit usin

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Fuglem. L52034 Software for Estimating the Lifetime Cost of High Strength High Design Factor Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011176.

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The objective of this project was to develop as software program to calculate the lifetime cost differential between pipelines designed for different combinations of steel grade and design factor. It is intended to evaluate the economic implications of using higher yield strength pipes and design factor for any given pipeline project. In each case, the possible failure modes were considered and the level of mechanical damage and corrosion maintenance required to achieve adequate reliability levels were determined.

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Krause, Thomas, Mehrdad Keshefi, Ross Underhill, and Lynann Clapham. PR652-203801-R02 Magnetic Object Model for Large Standoff Magnetometry Measurement. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012151.

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Ferromagnetic pipeline steel may exhibit magnetization, even in the absence of applied magnetic fields, due to remnant fields or the presence of pipe wall stress. Remnant magnetization may be present from previous or existing exposure to a magnetic field, while pipe wall stress induced magnetization can result from line pressure, environmental stresses due to settling or geohazard conditions, and residual stresses due to nonuniform plastic deformation caused by manufacturing processes, installation or operating conditions. The local stress state of the pipeline may also be altered by corrosion

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Shim, D. J., Gery Wilkowski, Mohammed Uddin, Sureshkumar Kalyanam, and P. Mincer. PR-276-094509-R01 Develop Fracture Initiation Criteria for High-Strength Steel Line Pipe Phase II. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010072.

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This report summarizes the major findings from a PRCI Project on developing fracture initiation criteria for axial flaws (both through-wall and surface flaws) in high-strength line-pipe materials. This work was originally done on the basis to see if improvements were needed for higher-grade steels, but interestingly there were several outcomes that affect predictions for all piping steels. One of the outcomes of this work is a new correlation between Charpy USE and J-R curve for high-strength materials. Although it is based on limited data, it was demonstrated that there is significant differe

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Agudelo Urrego, Luz María, Chatuphat Savigamin, Devansh Gandhi, Ghadir Haikal, and Antonio Bobet. Assessment of Pipe Fill Heights. Purdue University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317612.

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The design of buried pipes, in terms of the allowable minimum and maximum cover heights, requires the use of both geotechnical and structural design procedures. The geotechnical procedure focuses on estimating the load on the pipe and the compressibility of the foundation soil. The focus of the structural design is choosing the correct cross-section details of the pipe under consideration. The uncertainties of the input parameters and installation procedures are significant. Because of that, the Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) method is considered to be suitable for the design of buried p

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Biagio, M. Di, A. Fonzo, and F. Marchesani. JTM13-CAD Crack Arrestor Design for High Grade Gas Transportation Pipeline. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011813.

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The interest of gas companies in the use of high-grade steel pipes, equivalent to X100 and higher, for the construction of long-distance gas pipelines is now a consolidated trend in the world; these pipelines are demanded to operate under extreme operating conditions, such as low temperature, high pressure and high design factor. Under this severe operating scenario the running shear fracture control can not be only assured by the inherent pipe body material self arrestability, and in this case, the use of external mechanical devices, i.e. crack arrestors, becomes mandatory as also envisaged b

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