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Young, Stephen. "Efficacy and understanding of the safety hierarchy of controls." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2017. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/165610.
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This document constitutes the submission of Stephen Young for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Federation University Australia. The submission is offered as a thesis by publication – representing a summary of the candidate’s research based around a number of already-published peer-reviewed papers, supported by additional analysis and commentary. The research project is entitled “Efficacy and Understanding of the Safety Hierarchy of Controls”. The key question posed in this thesis is stated as: “What constrains understanding of the efficacy of the safety hierarchy?” This question was broken down into three sub-questions, each of which is represented within this submission as Part One, Part Two, and Part Three respectively. The three questions are stated as: 1. How may contemporary evidence demonstrate the efficacy of the safety hierarchy? 2. What are the constraints on understanding the hazard vector as it relates to the safety hierarchy? 3. What is the current understanding of hazard mitigation in a selected industry and how may the safety hierarchy be implemented to ameliorate a key hazard? The Introduction indicates the importance of the topic and explains the background to the concept known as the [safety] hierarchy of control, including a distinction between hazard and risk. It then undertakes a brief review of the development of twentieth century safety literature, including a consideration of how safety analysis has been split into the energy damage model and the anthropocentric model – complicated by a persistence of myth and superstition. An update of more recent safety literature in the twenty-first century and literature relating to governance decision making is also included. The intended contribution of this research project is laid out along with an explanation of how the thesis is organised. Part One seeks to use contemporary evidence to demonstrate the efficacy of the safety hierarchy. This is primarily achieved by presenting two case studies predominantly focussed on a New Zealand aluminium smelter. The first paper, “From zero to hero: A case study of industrial injury reduction”, used the candidate’s earlier research documenting that company’s remarkable journey from a worksite with an unenviably high level of injuries to that of one of the safest industrial worksites in the world. It contextualised the research within the contemporary zero accident vision (ZAV) and considered the company’s use of the hierarchy of controls as a primary means of hazard intervention. This paper was published in Safety Science in 2014. A further study was conducted later in 2014 to qualitatively consider the effect on safety of the difficult economic times being experienced by the aluminium industry. This purposive critical case study revisited the New Zealand aluminium smelter to document the observations of safety managers as they sought to continue the company’s exemplary safety record in the face of financial duress. “Safety in hard times: A qualitative analysis of safety concerns in two industrial plants under financial duress” also included parallel observations of safety managers from an Australian aluminium rolling mill as it closed down in response to the same economic factors. The impact of lean management and the ongoing efficacy of hierarchy of controls methodology within both plants was documented and considered. This paper was published in Safety Science in 2018. Insofar as is possible using case studies, both papers demonstrated the efficacy of the hierarchy of control as an intervention methodology for ameliorating hazards in the workplace. Part Two seeks to consider the constraints on understanding the hazard vector as it relates to the hierarchy of controls. A focussed literature review entitled “The root cause fallacy” was conducted to better understand the uses of the word cause in philosophy, law, and science – as well as in the applied science of safety management. This paper highlighted the limitations of the concept of root cause as a safety intervention precept; thereby identifying a significant constraint on understanding the hazard vector and the hierarchy of control. This is followed by a chapter deconstructing the most common version of the hierarchy of controls, pointing out how it could be made easier to understand and proposing a simplified version – more aligned to the underlying hazard vector. This alignment has been successfully presented in a number a conferences including the proceedings of 2014 Australian Systems Safety Conference; and ultimately, to the 15th World Congress on Public Health in 2017. Part Three applies the knowledge gained in Parts One and Two, and presents two studies investigating the fermentation industry to both understand the role of the hierarchy of controls in hazard mitigation and to illustrate how it can be more effectively implemented. The first paper took the potentially catastrophic hazard of asphyxiation from elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and demonstrated how the hierarchy of controls could be applied to more effectively control the hazard. The second paper surveyed the rapidly growing boutique beer industry in Victoria and Tasmania to understand how hazards were being managed, and the degree to which the hierarchy of controls was used to ameliorate the identified hazards. Together, these papers illustrated that application of the hierarchy of controls is largely conspicuous by its absence in the mitigation of hazards in a rapidly growing industry; while also demonstrating an effective hierarchal control that could evade an almost inevitable looming catastrophe. In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates the efficacy of the hierarchy of controls in Part One. In Part Two, it considers the linguistic origin of the word cause and consequently reconsiders the hazard vector insofar as it relates to the hierarchy of controls – incorporating these findings into a simpler and more easily understood hierarchy. Part Three provides a demonstration of how the hierarchy of controls can be applied to a difficult hazard in an emerging industry and also highlights the contemporary deficiencies in how that industry currently deals with the hazards they identify. Finally, the key question “What constrains understanding of the efficacy of the safety hierarchy?” is addressed by summarising the three parts of this thesis and concluding: 1. An assiduous application of the hierarchy of controls can prevent occupational injuries. 2. The efficacy of the hierarchy of controls is constrained by the following factors: a. Over-complication of what is a simple concept; b. Misunderstanding of how hazard interventions may be used to prevent injury; c. Misunderstanding of the construct of cause as it relates to the hazard vector. 3. Appropriate recognition of the relative significance of identified hazards is central to the understanding of the safety hierarchy.Doctor of Philosophy
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Floyd, Peter John. "Hazardous installations and public safety controls." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236342.
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Kemp, Paul Michael. "Psychometric testing and cerebral perfusion in amateur boxers and controls." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307282.
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Browne, Tracey M. "Using behavior-based safety concepts to enhance safety management systems and support application of the hierachy of controls." Thesis, The Author [Mt. Helen. Vic.] :, 2000. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/68039.
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"The aim of this masters thesis and the associated research is to investigate the ability of behavior-based safety to enhance safety management systems and support the application of the hierarchy of controls."Master of Applied Science
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Corzani, Claudia <1974>. "Food safety in wine: optimization of analytical controls and evaluation of production technologies." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1056/.
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This PhD thesis has been proposed to validate and then apply innovative analytical methodologies
for the determination of compounds with harmful impact on human health, such as biogenic amines
and ochratoxin A in wines. Therefore, the influence of production technology (pH, amino acids
precursor and use of different malolactic starters) on biogenic amines content in wines was
evaluated.
An HPLC method for simultaneous determination of amino acids and amines with precolumnderivatization
with 9-Fluorenyl-methoxycarbonyl chloride (FMOC-Cl) and UV detection was
developed.
Initially, the influence of pH, time of derivatization, gradient profile were studied. In order to
improve the separation of amino acids and amines and reduce the time of analysis, it was decided to
study the influence of different flows and the use of different columns in the chromatographic
method. Firstly, a C18 Luna column was used and later two monolithic columns Chromolith in
series. It appeared to be suitable for an easy, precise and accurate determination of a relatively large
number of amino acids and amines in wines.
This method was then applied on different wines produced in the Emilia Romagna region. The
investigation permitted to discriminate between red and white wines. Amino acids content is related
to the winemaking process. Biogenic amines content in these wines does not represent a possible
toxicological problem for human health.
The results of the study of influence of technologies and wine composition demonstrated that pH of
wines and amino acids content are the most important factors. Particularly wines with pH > 3,5
show higher concentration of biogenic amines than wines with lower pH. The enrichment of wines
by nutrients also influences the content of some biogenic amines that are higher in wines added with
amino acids precursors. In this study, amino acids and biogenic amines are not statistically affected
by strain of lactic acid bacteria inoculated as a starter for malolactic fermentation.
An evaluation of different clean-up (SPE-MycoSep; IACs and LLE) and determination methods
(HPLC and ELISA) of ochratoxin A was carried out. The results obtained proved that the SPE
clean-up are reliable at the same level while the LLE procedures shows lowest recovery. The
ELISA method gave a lower determination and a low reproducibility than HPLC method.
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Storey, Richard Goodwin. "Spatial and temporal variability in a hyporheic zone, a hierarchy of controls from water flows to meiofauna." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63814.pdf.
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Pineda, Caitlin Emily. "The Food Safety Modernization Act: A summary of the act, education, and implementation." Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38549.
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Master of ScienceFood Science Institute
Fadi M. Aramouni
Since the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) was signed into law in 2011, the government has taken huge strides toward making the food safety system preventive rather than reactive. Specifically, the Preventive Controls for Human Food (PCHF) final rule has required collaboration from government officials, educational institutions, industry professionals, and stakeholders to assist in the rulemaking, education, and implementation of the new rule. The rulemaking process for the PCHF final rule took 4 years to finalize. The Food and Drug Administration funded a grant to the Illinois Institute of Technology’s Institute for Food Safety and Health (IIT IFSH) to help create an educational program about food safety risk-based preventive controls. Since then, the Food Safety Preventive Controls Alliance (FSPCA) has been coordinating training programs to certify food professionals as Preventive Controls Qualified Individuals (PCQI). After gathering minor statistical evidence through course evaluations for 10 FSPCA facilitated education programs, extension personnel of the Food Science Institute at Kansas State University found that the educational materials are a big help to those in industry and in regulatory agencies.
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Hagan, Willard Nelson. "Local government role in ensuring pipeline safety : landuse planning, development controls, transportation of hazardous materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74350.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1989.Title as it appeared in M.I.T. Graduate List, June 1989: Public policy, land-use planning, and development controls; zoning mandate of pipeline safety.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-107).
by Willard Nelson Hagan.
M.C.P.
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Júnior, João Batista Camargo. "Estudo da segurança em sistemas de controle metro-ferroviários." Universidade de São Paulo, 1996. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-10102017-080226/.
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Este trabalho apresenta uma contribuição para a avaliação da segurança de sistemas críticos, especialmente os de controle metro-ferroviários, através de uma nova metodologia com enfoque primordial para a questão da completeza das suas especificações. Esta metodologia tem como base de aplicação o modelo de transição de estados, sendo seus critérios de verificação denotados através de expressões WFF acrescidas de funções típicas ao modelo utilizado. Este método de avaliação é aplicado a um controle metro-ferroviário típico, obtendo-se resultados promissores como ferramenta de análise de segurança de sistemas críticos.This works presents a contribution to the evaluation of safety critical systems especially the metro-railways controls, through a new methodology with primordial focus in the completeness of their specifications. This methodology uses a state transition model to specify an application, with is verifications criteria denoted through WFF expressions added by typical functions of the used model. This method of evaluation is applied to a typical metro-railway control, showing promising results as an safety analysis tool for critical systems.
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Swanepoel, Charl. "Using vehicle activated signs as an integrated measure to improve road safety in South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3745.
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Road safety is an aspect of major concern on road networks, not only on a local scale in South Africa, but also on a global scale. South Africa is experiencing an unacceptably high rate of fatal road traffic crashes and as a result has one of the highest per capita rate of road fatalities in the world. The Global Plan for the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011 – 2020 was published in 2011 by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to guide and assist countries with the improvement of road safety. The management of vehicle speeds is one of numerous important interventions identified in the Global Plan. The technical and economic feasibility of using a specific Road safety is an aspect of major concern on road networks, not only on a local scale in South Africa, but also on a global scale. South Africa is experiencing an unacceptably high rate of fatal road traffic crashes and as a result has one of the highest per capita rate of road fatalities in the world. The Global Plan for the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011 – 2020 was published in 2011 by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to guide and assist countries with the improvement of road safety. The management of vehicle speeds is one of numerous important interventions identified in the Global Plan. The technical and economic feasibility of using a specific technology, namely Vehicle Activated Signs (VAS), to contribute to the overall improvement of road safety on a national level in South Africa were investigated, with particular emphasis on the improvement of road safety through the reduction of fatal road traffic crashes. VAS are part of a range of measures that can be used to curb vehicle speeds, similar to conventional measures like speed cameras and traffic calming devices. VAS technology has seen limited use in South extrapolation of results from SCC’s VAS effectiveness study, and the application of these results to the South African road safety and road user statistics for the one year period March 2011 to March 2012. Key factors relating to speed and general driver obedience were also taken into consideration. It was established that the use of VAS would lead to a moderate reduction in the number of fatal road traffic crashes that occur annually, which in turn holds financial and socio-economic benefits for South Africa. A comparison of selected products available from two South African based electronic road sign manufacturing companies with conventional VAS was also carried out, focussing on product function, use and cost. It has been concluded that it would be technically and economically feasible to introduce VAS on the South African road network to improve the prevailing road safety situation.
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Behrend, Julia. "The influence of personality, habits, hierarchy, and role on decision-making in real-life : application to aviation safety." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS557.
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Dans les secteurs d’activité où la sécurité est la priorité - de l’industrie nucléaire à la chirurgie en passant par l’aviation commerciale - des individus sont confrontés à des décisions critiques au sein d’environnements à la fois complexes, changeants et dynamiques. Pour faire face à ces situations et standardiser les pratiques, leurs activités reposent sur l’application de procédures (ensemble de règles), associées à un haut niveau d’entrainement. Le sujet de ce doctorat porte sur l’impact de facteurs psychologiques, tels que la personnalité, les habitudes, la hiérarchie et le rôle sur le processus de décision de ces individus en conditions réelles. L’étude est appliquée à l’aviation commerciale, et plus spécifiquement aux phases d’approche et d’atterrissage qui sont les plus critiques pour les équipages. La première étude, sous forme d’un questionnaire, montre que l’impulsivité – plus que les habitudes ou la hiérarchie – peut prédire l’adhésion d’un pilote de ligne aux procédures, et en particulier sa décision dans ces phases de vol. La seconde étude a recours au simulateur de vol pour observer le processus de décision au travers de deux scénarii réalistes et en situation dynamique. Sous forte pression temporelle, la hiérarchie et les habitudes, et non l’impulsivité, jouent un rôle clé et peuvent prédire la capacité des pilotes à changer de plan d’action. En revanche, en l’absence de pression temporelle, l’impulsivité redevient le facteur prépondérant. La dernière étude introduit la technologie « eye-tracking » et montre que le rôle – aspect lié au partage des tâches au sein de l’équipage (en plus de la hiérarchie) – interagit avec la hiérarchie pour influer sur la capacité d’acquisition des informations nécessaires à la prise de décision. On observe également que le niveau d’attention porté aux informations clés peut prédire la décision du pilote. L’ensemble de ces résultats illustre l’importance des facteurs psychologiques et leur influence sur la prise de décision dans un environnement de travail hautement normé. L’impulsivité demeure un trait de personnalité profond dont l’influence persiste même chez des opérateurs très entraînés. Néanmoins la hiérarchie et des habitudes peuvent modérer cet effet. Nous discuterons les implications futures de ces résultats, en particulier pour l’aviation commercialeFrom nuclear power to medical surgery and commercial aviation, where safety is the priority, individuals have to make critical decisions in dynamic, uncertain and technical environments. In order to cope with complexity and unify behaviour, individuals have procedures (operating rules) while being highly trained. The research conducted during this PhD was aimed at investigating the influence of psychological factors such as personality, habits, hierarchy, and role on the decision-making of highly trained individuals in highly procedural real-life environments – illustrated via commercial aviation. The first questionnaire study showed that impulsivity – rather than habits and hierarchy – predicted airline pilots’ landing decisions and reported procedure compliance in real airline operations. The second study contrasted two low interdependence decision scenarios in a full-flight simulator. Hierarchy and habits – rather than impulsivity – predicted decisions to switch away from the default option under high time pressure. Under low time pressure, however, impulsivity – rather than hierarchy and habits – impacted default choices. Finally, a third study with eye-tracking showed that team role assignment – a particular aspect in flight crews in addition to formal hierarchy – interacted with hierarchy and was important for information acquisition during decision-making. Fixations on decision-relevant information predicted decision-making. Altogether, these findings shed light on the influential power of psychological factors on decision-making in highly procedural work environments. The results show that impulsivity is a profound personality trait that persists even in highly trained professionals within highly procedural environments. Yet, hierarchy and habits impact and alleviate the influence of impulsivity on decision-making between options with distinct temporal consequences. We discuss future implications of these results for highly trained individuals in highly procedural environments, in particular for commercial aviation
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Masters, Erin M. "Spillover Effects and Freedom: An Experimental Investigation of the Indirect Effects of Managerial Autonomy and Firms’ Rationale for the Implementation of Internal Controls Across the Organizational Hierarchy." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5834.
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The creation of excessive budgetary slack can be costly, causing organizations to implement internal controls to motivate employees to report more honestly. Internal control research explores many control-related motivations; however, the behavioral effects of autonomy in expanded organizational hierarchies are not well understood in budgeting contexts. This paper examines managerial autonomy and firms’ rationales for the implementation of internal controls in a setting that extends the common participatory dyad utilized in prior literature to an organizational hierarchy that includes owners, mid-level managers, and employees. This setting is explored through the lens of self-determination theory and psychological reactance theory, which offer complementary yet opposite conceptualizations of autonomy. This paper posits that owner restrictions on mid-level manager autonomy can spillover and indirectly influence budgeting decisions. Additionally, the potential for this spillover to influence the relationship between a firm’s rationale for the implementation of internal controls and subsequent budgetary decisions is examined. Findings indicate that the autonomy of mid-level managers has a spillover effect that influences manager’s rejection rates between rounds, but not across rounds and does not interact with a firm’s control implementation rationale.
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Golding, Carolina de Arouca. "Food safety of foods of non-animal origin imported to Portugal. Analysis of the data resulting from official controls on imports between 2014 and 2017." Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17890.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Alimentar - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaThe Community sets specific standards regarding safety and hygiene of foodstuffs and feed to be met by food businesses. So as to check conformity with these standards of foodstuffs imported from 3rd countries, when these have been identified to pose a risk to consumers, there are several Community measures and national control plans aimed at laying down procedures for the official controls on these consignments. The aim of this study is to provide a description of the evolution of FNAO imports into Portugal between 2014 and 2017, including the number and type of rejections and resulting RASFF notifications. In order to do so, data was extracted from online platform TRACES and analysed on Excel and all relevant legal measures, communications and plans consulted. Results show that there was an increase in imports, specifically in the category of ‘Edible Fruits and Nuts’, most of which originating in Brazil. The number of rejections was similar throughout the four years, but those pertaining to groundnuts from China and food supplements from the USA revealed to be re-occurring and problematic. Overall, only 0.2% of imports over the four years were non-compliant, showing that the great majority of foodstuffs imported are safe for human consumption
A Comunidade estabelece normas específicas de higiene e segurança alimentar de géneros alimentícios e ração animal, a serem cumpridas pelas empresas alimentares. A verificação de conformidade com as normas relativas a géneros alimentícios importados de países fora da UE, quando estes constituem um risco à saúde pública, é feita através da implementação de vários diplomas legais Comunitários, e planos de controlo Nacionais, destinados a estabelecer procedimentos operativos ao controlo oficial destas remessas. O objectivo deste trabalho é fornecer uma descrição da evolução das importações de GAONA entre 2014 e 2017, incluindo o número e tipo de rejeições e as resultantes notificações RASFF. Para tal, extraíram-se dados da plataforma online TRACES, recorreu-se ao Excel para o tratamento de dados e aos vários diplomas legais, comunicações e planos para a discussão. Os resultados mostraram que houve um aumento de importações a Portugal durante os quatro anos, especialmente da categoria de ‘Fruta e frutos de casca rija’, dos quais a maioria provenientes do Brazil. O número de rejeições manteve-se relativamente constante, no entanto, aquelas referentes aos amendoins provenientes da China e aos suplementos alimentares dos Estados Unidos, foram recorrentes e em grande número, tendo-se relevado problemático. No global, apenas 0.2% das remessas importadas ao longo dos quatro anos, foram rejeitadas o que indica que a grande maioria dos GAONA provenientes de países terceiros, são seguros para a alimentação humana
N/A
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Ceyhan, Cumhur. "Occupational Health And Safety Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, Determining Controls: Case Study On Cut And Cover Underground Stations And Tunnel Construction." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614159/index.pdf.
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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the hazard identification, risk assessment and related determining controls aspects of occupational health and safety topic, within the framework of a safety management system, for the construction industry. To achieve this purpose, a literature survey is carried out with specific emphasis on the standards, guidelines, codes of practices and other documents published by authorized institutions and national legislation related with the subject.
The Marmaray Project, which is considered as one of the major transportation infrastructure projects in Turkey, is chosen as the case study area. In the Marmaray Project, the case study is carried out at Üskü
dar Underground Station Construction Site as an example for the cut and coverunderground station construction and at Yedikule Tunnel Construction Site for the tunnel construction and achieved results are assessed within the context of this thesis.
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Truong, Y.-Thao. "Observation and analysis of driver behavior at intersections in malfunction flash mode." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26561.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Hunter, Michael; Committee Member: Meyer, Michael; Committee Member: Rodgers, Michael. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Pai, Arun S. "Development of deterministic collision-avoidance algorithms for routing automated guided vehicles /." Online version of thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/7289.
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Watson, Christopher Earl. "Statistical analysis of crashes occurring at intersections in malfunction flash." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26508.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Member: Hunter, Michael; Committee Member: Meyer, Michael; Committee Member: Rodgers, Michael. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Gulliford, Alice Rachel. "Controls on river and overbank processes in an aggradation-dominated system : Permo-Triassic Beaufort Group, South Africa." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/controls-on-river-and-overbank-processes-in-an-aggradationdominated-system-permotriassic-beaufort-group-south-africa(63893677-9b23-4f07-8405-627354fb170a).html.
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The Permo-Triassic lower Beaufort Group fluvial deposits extend over 100s of kilometres within the Karoo Basin, South Africa. A detailed study of the depositional architecture and stacking patterns of sand bodies within a 900 m thick succession has enabled interpretation of the controls on ancient river channel and overbank processes. Facies include very fine- to medium-grained sandstone, intra-formational conglomerate, mudstone and palaeosols. Channel-belts are dominated by upper flow regime structures, consistent with a flashy to ephemeral fluvial system. The overbank deposits comprise splays interbedded with purple, green and grey mudstone; these floodplain colour changes signify water table fluctuations. A hierarchy of channel-related elements has been established that recognises beds, bedsets, storeys, channel-belts, complexes and complex sets. Each channel-belt may be single- or multi-storey, whereby one storey represents the complete cut and fill cycle of a single migrating river, comprising bar accretion elements and channel-abandonment fill. The abandonment fill elements often consist of heterolithic plugs of climbing ripple-laminated very fine-grained sandstone, or interbedded claystone with siltstone. The Beaufort channel-belts preserve either lateral- or downstream-accretion patterns, or a combination. Each belt has either a lenticular or tabular geometry, recognisable by an erosional base overlain by intra-formational conglomerate lag and barform deposits. Genetically related channel-belts cluster to form complexes, of which two broad styles have been identified: Type A) laterally and vertically stacked channel-belts, and Type B) sub-vertically stacked channel-belts. There is evidence of localised clustering of sub-vertically stacked channel-belts adjacent to extensive overbank mudstone deposits. The apparent lack of a well-defined ‘container’ surface with mappable margins, suggests that this stacked channel-belt architecture represents an avulsion complex rather than a palaeovalley-fill. The lateral and stratigraphic variability in fluvial-overbank architecture is interpreted as the interplay of several controls. Allogenic forcing factors include, tectonic subsidence that influences accommodation, sediment supply, and high frequency climate cycles associated with the flashy discharge regime and expressed in the mudrock colour changes and distribution of palaeosols. The depositional river style, variability in channel-belt stacking patterns and compensational stacking of some channel-belt/splay complexes is interpreted to be the result of autogenic channel avulsion, supported by an absence of significant erosion. The relative merits of basin-axial trunk river and distributive fluvial system (DFS) models are assessed from detailed architectural and stratigraphic outcrop studies.
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Oliver, Morris Bernard. "Audible pedestrian signals: a feasibility study." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44130.
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This report represents a concentrated effort that
determines the feasibility of audible pedestrian signals.
These signals are devices which give auditory cues to help
the visually impaired cross safely at difficult
intersections. Surveys were sent out to over 100
organizations, audible signal manufacturers, and cities who
have knowledge of the devices, and responses were analyzed.
The devices were found to be feasible but only at certain
complex and confusing intersections. Twelve criteria for
the installation of the devices were developed as were
twelve criteria for the operation of the devices. Buzzers,
constant tones, bird calls, and voice signals were examined
by obtaining information from traffic engineers who had
experience with each sound. It was determined that
intermittent tones were the most effective for human
localization. For the most widely used devices, cost data
were developed for the products, installation, and maintenance. A partial listing of the U.S. and foreign
cities which have the devices was compiled along with a
partial listing of audible signal manufacturers. The
problems the visually impaired face as well as their
suggested solutions are listed. Topics for further study
include the use of hand-held devices which activate sound
signals at intersections and the development of tone schemes
for 4-leg and multi-leg intersections which are not north south
and east-west. An additional topic for future study
is the development of tone schemes for traffic circles.Master of Science
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Angelino, Ana Sofia da Silva. "Controlo oficial de moluscos bivalves vivos: da produção ao consumo." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/26215.
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O presente relatório refere-se ao estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária realizado na Divisão de Alimentação e Veterinária de Setúbal (DAVS).
Durante o período de estágio foram realizadas diversas atividades no âmbito da segurança dos alimentos, nomeadamente no âmbito dos planos oficiais de controlo que são descritas neste trabalho.
Foi efetuado um estudo de caso que se intitula “Controlo Oficial de Moluscos Bivalves Vivos- da produção ao consumo”, realizado no âmbito do PACE- Plano de Aprovação e Controlo dos Estabelecimentos e do PIGA- Plano de Inspeção dos Géneros Alimentícios, sobre a segurança alimentar nos Moluscos Bivalves Vivos (MBV).
Este estudo retrospetivo (período de análise: 2012-2017) analisa e relaciona os resultados obtidos nos dois planos oficiais de controlo. Sendo que um é efetuado aos estabelecimentos: Centros de Depuração e Expedição de MBV, Centros de Expedição de MBV e Depósitos de MBV equinodermes, tunicados e gastrópodes marinhos e outro aos moluscos bivalves vivos obtidos a partir dos Centros de Depuração e Expedição de MBV; Abstract: Official Control of Live Bivalve Molluscs –from production to consumption
This report refers to the curricular internship of the Integrated Masters in Veterinary Medicine carried out at the Food and Veterinary Division of Setúbal (DAVS).
During the internship period, several activities were carried out in the area of food safety, namely within the scope of the official control plans described in this work.
A case study entitled "Official Control of Live Bivalve Molluscs- from production to consumption" was carried out under the PACE - Plan for the Approval and Control of Establishments and the PIGA - Inspection Plan for Foodstuffs, on Food Security in Live Bivalve Molluscs (MBV).
This retrospective study (analysis period: 2012-2017) analyzes and relates the obtained results in two official control plans. One is carried out in the following establishments: MBV Depot and Shipping Centers, MBV Shipping Centers and MBV Depots of echinoderms, tunicates and marine gastropods, and the other to live bivalve molluscs obtained from MBV Depuration and Shipping Centers.
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Erdem, Omer. "Developing A New Method In Efficiency Measurement Problems." Phd thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615390/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a powerful technique for relatively efficiency measurement and it is intensively used in different kind of disciplines but this technique has some drawbacks. In the conventional DEA technique, total number of inputs and outputs is determined by the number of evaluated firms. Therefore, this powerful efficiency measurement technique cannot be employed for limited number firm problems. DEA uses realized data so it can be used for objective evaluations. However, in some Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) and mining cases, subjective evaluation is also very important so it should be included in DEA analyses. To get rid of these drawbacks, a new technique is developed with integration of DEA and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and it is named as AHP.DEA Method. The developed method creates an opportunity using more inputs and outputs in the relatively efficiency measurement for limited number firm cases. Therefore, reliability of the estimation is increased with increasing the number of inputs and outputs in the estimations. The AHP.DEA technique also integrates both subjective opinion of experts and objective evaluation. Combination of them can give more consistent results when compared only subjective or objective evaluation methods. After the application of AHP.DEA method in mining and OHS industry, managers of mining companies can compare their organizations with the competitors or their branches and they can identify strengths and weakness of them. Therefore, quantity and quality of output may be increased while number of accidents is decreased and also new opportunities can be identified to upgrade current operations.
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Jalkebo, Charlotte. "Placement of Controls in Construction Equipment Using Operators´Sitting Postures : Process and Recommendations." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108980.
Full textAbstract:
An ergonomically designed work environment may decrease work related musculoskeletal disorders, lead to less sick leaves and increase production time for operators and companies all around the world. Volvo Construction Equipment wants to deepen the knowledge and investigate more carefully how operators are actually sitting whilst operating the machines, how this affects placement of controls and furthermore optimize controls placements accordingly. The purpose is to enhance their product development process by suggesting guidelines for control placement with improved ergonomics based on operators’ sitting postures. The goal is to deliver a process which identifies and transfers sitting postures to RAMSIS and uses them for control placement recommendations in the cab and operator environments. Delimitations concerns: physical ergonomics, 80% usability of the resulted process on the machine types, and the level of detail for controls and their placements. Research, analysis, interviews, test driving of machines, video recordings of operators and the ergonomic software RAMSIS has served as base for analysis. The analysis led to (i) the conclusion that sitting postures affect optimal ergonomic placement of controls, though not ISO-standards, (ii) the conclusion that RAMSIS heavy truck postures does not seem to correspond to Volvo CE’s operators’ sitting postures and (iii) and to an advanced engineering project process suitable for all machine types and applicable in the product development process. The result can also be used for other machines than construction equipment. The resulted process consists of three independent sub-processes with step by step explanations and recommendations of; (i) what information that needs to be gathered, (ii) how to identify and transfer sitting postures into RAMSIS, (iii) how to use RAMSIS to create e design aid for recommended control placement. The thesis also contains additional enhancements to Volvo CE’s product development process with focus on ergonomics. A conclusion is that the use of motion capture could not be verified to work for Volvo Construction Equipment, though it was verified that if motion capture works, the process works. Another conclusion is that the suggested body landmarks not could be verified that they are all needed for this purpose except for those needed for control placement. Though they are based on previous sitting posture identification in vehicles and only those that also occur in RAMSIS are recommended, and therefore they can be used. This thesis also questions the most important parameters for interior vehicle design (hip- and eye locations) and suggests that shoulder locations are just as important. The thesis concluded five parameters for control categorization, and added seven categories in addition to those mentioned in the ISO-standards. Other contradictions and loopholes in the ISO-standards were identified, highlighted and discussed. Suggestions for improving the ergonomic analyses in RAMSIS can also be found in this report. More future research mentioned is more details on control placement as well as research regarding sitting postures are suggested. If the resulted process is delimited to concern upper body postures, other methods for posture identification may be used.
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Taghizadeh, Vahed Amir. "Fan And Pitch Angle Selection For Efficient Mine Ventilation Using Analytical Hierachy Process And Neuro Fuzzy Approach." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614320/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Ventilation is a critical task in underground mining operation. Lack of a good ventilation system causes accumulation of harmful gases, explosions, and even fatalities. A proper ventilation system provides adequate fresh air to miners for a safe and comfortable working environment. Fans, which provide air flow to different faces of a mine, have great impact in ventilation systems. Thus, selection of appropriate fans for a mine is the acute task. Unsuitable selection of a fan decreases safety and production rate, which increases capital and operational costs. Moreover, pitch angle of fans&rsquoblades plays an important role in fan&rsquo
s efficiency. Therefore, selection of a fan and its pitch angle, which yields the maximum efficiency, is an emerging issue for an efficient mine ventilation. The main objective of this research study is to provide a decision making methodology for the selection of a main fan and its appropriate pitch angle for efficient mine ventilation. Nowadays, analytical hierarchy process as multi criteria decision making is used, and it yields outputs based on pairwise comparison. On the other hand, Fuzzy Logic as a soft computing method was combined with analytical hierarchy process and combined model did not yield appropriate results
because Fuzzy AHP increased uncertainty ratio in this study. However, fuzzy analytical hierarchy process might be inapplicable when it faces with vague and complex data set. Soft computing methods can be utilized for complicated situations. One of the soft computing methods is a Neuro-Fuzzy algorithm which is used in classification and DM issues. This study has two phases: i) selection of an appropriate fan using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) and ii) selection of an appropriate pitch angle using Neuro-Fuzzy algorithm and Fuzzy AHP method. This study showed that AHP can be effectively utilized for main fan selection. It performs better than Fuzzy AHP because FAHP contains more expertise and makes problems more complex for evaluating. When FAHP and Neuro-Fuzzy is compared for pitch angle selection, both methodologies yielded the same results. Therefore, utilization of Neuro-Fuzzy in situation with complicated and vague data will be applicable.
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Sener, Ipek Nese. "An Innovative Model Integrating Spatial And Statistical Analyses For A Comprehensive Traffic Accident Study." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12606148/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The negative social and economic results of traffic accidents are the most serious problems within the concept of traffic safety. Every year, unfortunately, a huge number of traffic accidents result in destructive losses. Especially, when the holiness of human life is concerned, traffic safety has an invaluable role for
the traffic improvement strategies. In this manner, Turkey places one of the highest ranks regarding the growing rate and severity of traffic accidents that should be immediately taken under control.
In this study, an innovative model that constructs a hybrid between the spatial and statistical analyses is developed in order to examine the importance of enhancing statistical analysis with georeferenced data and so location-based studies in traffic accident analysis. Meanwhile, the effects of road characteristic
and environment are considered for exploring the integral role of roadway factor to the occurrence of accidents, and consequently for emphasizing easily applicable and controllable engineering safety measures.
Because of the rare and random distribution of traffic accident data, logistic regression is used for the statistical part of the study in order to find the pairwise risk factors among the roadway and environmental parameters. After unifying these relative risk factors with the logic of Analytic Hierarchy Process,
the finalized accident risk factors are attached to the digitized road characteristics map through Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
The abilities of GIS in mapping, displaying and overlaying different data sets ensure to visualize high risked accident areas with their corresponding potential causal factors. The integration of statistical and spatial analyses is essential for developing appropriate and effective precautions in addition to its easily
understandable, applicable and modifiable structure. Finally, the model is proven to be appropriate for both interpreting the existing traffic accident problem or potential future accidents and also developing comprehensive and reliable location-based safety studies.
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Malola, Pascal. "Harcèlement moral au travail et inducteurs organisationnels, quels impacts sur l’engagement affectif, l’intention de quitter et la détresse psychologique : le soutien social et la théorie de l'autodétermination comme mécanisme explicatifs." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL3H042.
Full textAbstract:
La présente thèse porte sur le harcèlement moral au travail (HMT). Elle a pour objectif d’étudier d’une part ses effets sur la justice organisationnelle (JO), le climat de sécurité psychosociale (PSC), la détresse psychologique, l’intention de quitter l’entreprise et l’engagement affectif. D’autre part, elle cherche à étudier le rôle médiateur du soutien social de la hiérarchie et de la théorie de l’autodétermination (TAD) (satisfaction et frustration des besoins psychologiques).Afin de répondre à ces objectifs, trois études ont été réalisées. La première étude évalue d’une part les effets du HMT sur la détresse psychologique et l’intention de quitter l’entreprise et, d’autre part,le rôle médiateur du soutien social de la hiérarchie. La deuxième étude propose de tester le rôle médiateur de la satisfaction des besoins psychologiques entre les inducteurs organisationnels (HMTet JO) et individuels (l’intention de quitter l’entreprise et l’engagement affectif). Une troisième étude examine, les effets du HMT et le PSC sur les inducteurs individuels (l’intention de quitter l’entreprise et l’engagement affectif) dans le secteur de la santé. Cette dernière étude montre également le rôle médiateur de la frustration des besoins psychologiques. Pour conclure, les résultats de la thèse montrent l'impact négatif du HMT et d'autres facteurs tels que l'OJ et PSC chez les salariés. Soulignons que ces résultats révèlent également que les besoins psychologiques(satisfaction et frustration) jouent un rôle déterminant en milieu organisationnel. La discussion générale de la thèse dégage les implications et les conclusions découlant des étudesThis thesis deals with workplace bullying (WB). It aims to study on one hand its effects onorganizational justice (OJ), psychosocial safety climate (PSC), psychological distress, intention toleave the company and emotional commitment. On the other hand, it seeks to study the mediatingrole of the social support of the hierarchy and the theory of self-determination (SDT) (psychologicalneed satisfaction and frustration). To meet these objectives, three studies were conducted. The firststudy evaluates, firstly, the effects of WB on psychological distress and the intention to leave thecompany and secondly the mediating role of the social support of the hierarchy. The second studyproposes to test the mediating role of the satisfaction of psychological needs between theorganizational and individual inducers (WB, OJ, the intention to leave the company and theemotional commitment). A third study examines the effects of BWP and PSC on individual inducers(intention to leave the company and emotional engagement) in the health sector. This last study alsobrings out the mediating role of the frustration of psychological needs. In conclusion, the results ofthe thesis attest the negative impact of bullying at work and other factors such as OJ and PSCamong employees. It should be noted that these results also reveal that psychological needs(satisfaction and frustration) play a determinant role in an organizational environment. The generaldiscussion of the thesis therefore releases the implications and conclusions of the studies
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Бенатов, Даніель Емілович. "Системний аналіз природно-техногенної безпеки гідровузлів України." Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2016. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/17668.
Full textAbstract:
Дисертація присвячена системному аналізу природно-техногенної безпеки
(ПТБ) гідровузлів (ГВ) України на прикладі 18 найбільших об’єктів галузі.
У роботі здійснено класифікацію факторів загроз ПТБ ГВ і заходів із
запобігання їм, побудовано відповідну ієрархічну структуру. На основі
експертних оцінок для кожного об’єкта здійснено ранжування вказаних факторів
та заходів, розраховано значення інтегрального показника небезпеки (ІПН), а
також перевірено відповідність основних споруд досліджуваних ГВ класам
відповідальності за наслідками. На основі систематизованих даних державних і
місцевих органів влади визначено значення показників позитивного впливу
вказаних об’єктів в енергетичній, господарській і соціальній сфері та відповідний
інтегральний показник позитивного впливу (ІППВ), здійснено спробу
паспортизації досліджуваних 18 ГВ України, розроблено програмний продукт ГІС
«Гідровузли України».
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Downey, Matthew Blake. "Evaluating the Effects of a Congestion and Weather Responsive Advisory Variable Speed Limit System in Portland, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2397.
Full textAbstract:
Safety and congestion are ever present and increasingly severe transportation problems in urban areas throughout the nation and world. These phenomena can have wide-ranging consequences relating to safety, the economy, and the environment. Adverse weather conditions represent another significant challenge to safety and mobility on highways. Oregon is not immune from either of these global issues. Oregon Route (OR) 217, to the southwest of the downtown Portland, is one of the worst freeways for congestion in the state and is also subject to the Pacific Northwest's frequently inclement and unpredictable climate. High crash rates, severe recurrent bottlenecks and highly unreliable travel times continuously plague the corridor, making it a major headache for the thousands of commuters using it every day.
In an effort to more effectively combat both congestion and adverse weather, transportation officials all over the world have been turning to increasingly technological strategies like Active Traffic Management (ATM). This can come in many forms, but among the most common are variable speed limit (VSL) systems which use real-time data to compute and display appropriate reduced speeds during congestion and/or adverse weather. After numerous studies and deliberations, Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) selected Oregon Route (OR) 217 as one of the first locations in the state to be implemented with an advisory VSL system, and that system began operation in the summer of 2014. This thesis seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of this VSL system through the first eight months of its operation through an in-depth and wide-ranging "before and after" analysis.
Analysis of traffic flow and safety data for OR 217 from before the VSL system was implemented made clear some of the most prevalent issues which convinced ODOT to pursue VSL. Using those issues as a basis, a framework of seven specific evaluation questions relating to both performance and safety, as well as both congestion and adverse weather, was established to guide the "before and after" comparisons. Hypotheses, and measures of effectiveness for each question were developed, and data were obtained from a diverse array of sources including freeway detectors, ODOT's incident database, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
The results of the various "before and after" comparisons performed as a part of this thesis indicate that conditions have changed on OR 217 in a number of ways since the VSL system was activated. Many, but not all, of the findings were consistent with the initial hypotheses and with the findings from other VSL studies in the literature. Certain locations along the corridor have seen significant declines in speed variability, supporting the common notion that VSL systems have a harmonizing effect on traffic flow. Crash rates have not decreased, but crashes have become less frequent in the immediate vicinity of VSL signs. Flow distribution between adjacent lanes has been more even since VSL implementation during midday hours and the evening peak, and travel time reliability has seen widespread improvement in three of the corridor's four primary travel lanes during those same times. The drops in flow that generally occur upstream of bottlenecks once they form have had diminished magnitudes, while the drops in flow downstream of the same bottlenecks have grown. Finally, the increase in travel times that is usually brought about by adverse weather has been smaller since VSL implementation, while the decline in travel time reliability has largely disappeared.
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Kužela, Vlastimil. "Stavebně technologický projekt polyfunkčních domů Zlín-Příluky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240006.
Full textAbstract:
This diploma thesis deals with technological project for the construction of complex of two multifunctional buildings in Zlín-Příluky. Thesis includes technical report, technological rules, plan of controls and testing, machines, safety plan, project of construction site equipment, budget and time schedule.
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Stach, Jakub. "Apartmány Farské lúky, Čeladná - příprava a realizace stavby." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226489.
Full textAbstract:
The object of the diploma thesis is preparation and realization of the gross superstructure of apartment houses Farske luky in Celadna. Diploma thesis deals with facility of the building site, project of machines, technological rules of monolithic constructions, plans of quality controls, time and financial plan, works contract, schedule and work safety.
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Chavarry, Silvera Thomas Roy Eduardo, and García Emil Frank Reátegui. "Propuesta para mejorar la aplicación del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo para reducir la hipoacusia profesional en los trabajadores del área de compactación de una empresa distribuidora de gas natural en Lima Metropolitana." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2015. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/1302.
Full textAbstract:
El desarrollo de la presente tesis busco comprobar los errores en la aplicación de la identificación de peligros, evaluación de riesgos y Controles (IPERC), el grado de compromiso del trabajador y la política del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, con el objetivo determinar una propuesta para mejorar la aplicación del Sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo para reducir la perdida de la capacidad auditiva denominada “hipoacusia profesional” en los trabajadores del área de compactación de una Empresa Distribuidora de Gas Natural en Lima Metropolitana.
Durante el desarrollo se identificó en el área de compactación un porcentaje del 55% de trabajadores con hipoacusia profesional. Para identificar el peligro potencial de esta enfermedad ocupacional se realizó mediciones de la exposición al ruido en los trabajadores, determinando que la contaminación presentada durante sus actividades alcanzaron niveles de 98.90 dB superando los limites máximos permisibles de 85 dB para una jornada de 8 horas (Decreto supremo 357, 2012) convirtiéndose en el mayor riesgo del lugar de trabajo. La propuesta de mejora en el Sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo fue el de proponer una nueva matriz de identificación de peligros, evaluación de riesgos y controles (IPERC) estableciendo nuevos controles para reducir el riesgo por la exposición del ruido, para esto se calculo la protección auditiva adecuada para resguardar la salud del trabajador, proponiendo una doble protección auditiva; se buscó tener un personal capacitado para el puesto proponiendo un programa de certificación de trabajadores del área de compactación. Además de proponer un programa de incentivos para mejorar el compromiso del trabajador que cumpla con los estándares de seguridad y salud en el trabajo.
The development of this thesis looking check for errors in the application of hazard identification, risk assessment and controls (IPERC), the degree of commitment and political worker management system safety and health at work, with the aim to determine a proposal for improving the implementation of the management system of health and safety at work to reduce the loss of hearing called "professional hearing loss" workers in the area of compaction of a Natural Gas Distribution Company in Delhi .
During development it was identified in the compaction area percentage of 55% of hearing loss professional workers. To identify the potential of this occupational disease risk exposure measurements were performed on workers to noise, pollution determining that presented during their activities reached 98.90 dB levels exceeding the maximum permissible limits of 85 dB for an 8-hour day (decree Supreme 357, 2012) becoming the greatest risk in the workplace.
The proposed improvement in the management system of health and safety at work was to propose a new array of hazard identification, risk assessment and controls (IPERC) establishing new controls to reduce the risk of noise exposure to this proper hearing protection was calculated to protect worker health, proposing a double hearing protection; He sought to have qualified for the position proposing a certification program area workers compaction staff. In addition to proposing an incentive program to improve employee engagement that meets the standards of safety and health at work.
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Krutílková, Lucie. "Stavebně technologický projekt rekonstrukce nádraží v Šumperku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227015.
Full textAbstract:
This master's thesis deals with the reconstruction of the railway station in Šumperk. On this subject is processed the schedule, site equipment, inspection and test plan, budget, design of mechanical assemblies, ensuring the health of workers at work with hazardous waste
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"Theorizing the State of Health Practices and Climate in Construction via Fourfold Structuration." Doctoral diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.44106.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: Regulatory agencies, such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), recognize that decisions regarding occupational health are often economically driven, with worker health only a secondary concern (Ruttenberg, 2014). To investigate the four National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) long-standing health concerns—welding fumes, crystalline silica, noise, and musculoskeletal disorders—a mixed methods research is conducted. Fourfold structuration, a holistic communication process with roots in indigenous/ancient knowledge, is used to organize data and facilitate making tangible relationships of health to productivity and profits that are abstract and often stated by industries, such as construction, as difficult to quantify. From both construction trade worker and occupational health and safety expert interviews data/codes are developed. For the qualitative method, the codes are organized into a constructivist grounded theory depicting the construction industry with regard to its foundation – profits. A theoretical exercise translating the qualitative codes into potential productivity losses is presented as a way for quantifying the abstract relationships of health to productivity. For the quantitative study, the data/codes are used to develop a comprehensive list of practices, barriers to, and catalysts for addressing health in construction. A significant quantitative finding is that occupational health and safety (OSH) experts are not traditionally involved at the highest levels of the OSHA Hierarchy of Controls, where the greatest opportunity to prevent exposure to health hazards is possible. Organized via a holistic framework, this research emphasizes our primary responsibility to each other as highlighted in recent NIOSH worker health agendas.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Engineering 2017
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Change, Dien-Yu, and 江典諭. "The Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to The Fire Safety Equipment." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82hv27.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
土木與防災研究所
99
Nowadays, the density of the structures has been greater than before; the probability of the fire accident has been increased accordingly. Compared the main reason of the fire accidents between domestic and overseas, it shows we paid more attention on the facility than the concept of fire prevention. Means, the ability to deal with the fire prevention is kind of weak. Meanwhile, once there was the fire accident occurred when lacking of fire-fighting equipment, it might caused significant number of casualties. The main propose of this paper is to measure the relative research and discussion based on documentary analysis, data collection method, statistical analysis, and Analytic Hierarchy Process. To collect the relative documents, such as the management of fire safety equipment, maintenance of the fire safety equipment, the topic of using the fire safety software…etc. The final statistics analysis and AHP has great deviation. The data illustrates that instead of the technical problems, which pointed up by the professors and the scholars, such as pump operate failure and the failure of fire alarm detector, most of the problems for the fire safety equipments are just some small issues. For example, lack of the sign, not suspensor, the marker lights failure …etc. To sum up, since the serious fire accident of Welcome Restaurant in 1995, the fire safety equipment maintenance system has helped to improve a lot of problems. If there was one hundred percent reporting during the maintenance processes, the damage from the fire accident can be much lower.
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Hou, Pei-Ru, and 侯沛如. "Applying Analytic Hierarchy Process to Control Point of Food Safety：A Comparative Analysis of Internal and External Perspective." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/c3s89g.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
會計系
103
Recently, few food manufacturers in Taiwan were found to have used food additives as natural ingredients for the products, which caused potential damage to consumers’ health, in turns, the manufacturers’ public image was rapidly going down the drain. Thus, to assure the food safety of appropriate monitoring by means of internal audits merits more attention from the authorities of food manufacturers. Internal auditors usually play an important role on corporate governance and their contributions are also valued; however, due to the lack of professional background knowledge and staff of internal auditing, the performance of assuring the food safety through internal audits will be limited. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the key control criteria in food safety with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analytic evaluation structure. Based on the results of literature review and opinions from interviews with experienced experts and scholar, a framework of assessment standards was finalized for our analysis, examination and investigation of assessment standards in food safety. After overall re-evaluating, the weighs are re-calculated and re-sequenced. Finally, according to our results, we proposed some improvements of internal control systems criteria for food safety and recommendations of internal audit planning and processes.
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Wang, Mao-kuei, and 王茂奎. "Research of Tourism Safety Management Strategies on Penghu County - Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6ee9rs.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
公共事務管理研究所
103
Penghu County Tourism Development Strategy in the promotion of island tourism, for Tourism Development and tourism industry, tourism safety is a very important part, it directly affects the tourism development strategy and tourism activities can proceed smoothly, but also to participate in the activities of the industry and tourism guests who provided spiritual and physical maximum protection, and security pros and cons of tourism, but also affect the future development of tourism.。 In reviewing tourism safety related research and Penghu Tourism Travel Overview, in this study, "Penghu County Tourism Safety Management Strategy" is divided into five important areas: traffic safety, stay safe, health and safety, recreational safety and shopping safety. Through interviews after Penghu tourism security management of the government units, scholars and tourism industry, aggregated concrete programs Penghu County tourism safety management, then AHP, investigation of the relationship between the various programs. Analysis using Expert Choice software expert opinions, found that the five aspects of tourism safety management Penghu its weight analysis, the most important is traffic safety (.384) were followed by recreational safety (.224), stay safe (.181), health and Safety (.149) last shopping security (.061). 21 implementation of the program to ensure the safety of the five aspects of tourism and the corresponding is Penghu tourism department official who should be the direction of travel safety management of joint efforts.
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Huang, Shou-Pin, and 黃守斌. "Using Analytic Hierarchy Process to Study Key Factors on the Safety of Steel Frame Scaffolding." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9g2d4b.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立虎尾科技大學
工業管理系工業工程與管理碩士在職專班
105
Regardless of the construction or petrochemical industry, scaffolds will be used during construction, plant and equipment maintenance. Therefore, the safety of the scaffold is very important. At present, the most widely used scaffold is steel frame scaffold. Hence, the purpose of this study is to study key factors of the safety on steel frame scaffolding by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. This study uses a petrochemical industry park as research object and the research result can be used as reference for safety personnel and related company. The result of this study shows that the most important key factor on the safety of steel frame scaffolding is “personal protection equipment” (weight=0.1758), followed by “personal factors” (weight=0.1749), “operation manager” (weight=0.1621), “design” (weight=0.1467), “construction materials” (weight=0.1451), “education training” (weight=0.1267), and “external audit” (weight= 0.0687).
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Gallan, Roger D. "Analysis of UH-60 Blackhawk safety controls using value focused thinking and Monte Carlo simulation." 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA378277.
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Wang, Tzu-Yen, and 王姿雁. "The Research Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process on the Safety Evaluation in 3-D Parking Garage." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68892065503606480597.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
交通工程與管理所
94
Recently, the economic development and the amount of vehicles grew fast in Taiwan. The parking problem almost becomes the main issue for every city’s traffic. This pushes the government to make efforts in building parking facilities to solve parking problem. The three-dimensional parking garage not only solves parking problems but also utilizes city space. To build three-dimensional parking garage is one of the major policy for every city authority. Most of parking space’s plan and design pays only attention to the demand, type, dynamic parking guide and parking space assignment. Actually, few study focus on integer-security for parking facilities. However the security of parking facilities will directly affect the user’s life and property directly. Therefore, it is truly necessary to develop a standard with consistency, reasonableness, and integration. This research utilizes the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and proposes each appraisal criterion to estimate the security of three-dimensional parking garage. At the same time, by investigating the point of view from government, academic unit and the industry with Procurement Strategy, and then collate the results. It gets the weighting factor by data analysis and model evaluation. This research sets up the standard appraisal table for parking garage security and the appraisal procedure to determine the security of three-dimensional parking garage. Finally, the results will provide the design guidelines for special parking facilities
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Cogman, Abigail Rachel. "Preliminary safety and immunogenicity of Zostavax vaccine in mild-moderately immunosuppressed systemic lupus erythematosus patients, and healthy controls." Thesis, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/17124.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting people of various ages across the globe. Treatment for the disease is in the form of immunosuppressive drugs. Due to either the treatment of the disease or the disease itself, SLE patients have been shown to have abnormal immune function. This dysfunction accounts for an increased rate of infections in this population.
Reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV), herpes zoster (HZ), has been shown to occur in the SLE population at higher rates than the general, healthy population. Recently a vaccine for HZ was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for individuals 50 years of age and older.
STUDY: In this study we examined the safety and immunogenicity of the HZ vaccine, Zostavax, in a small sample of SLE patients. This study was a case-control with a ratio of 1:1, SLE patients to healthy controls. The total sample size was 20 with an average age of 57.9. All study participants were seen in a clinical setting at the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and signed informed consents. Subjects were seen for an initial baseline visit, and were administered the vaccine. Follow-up visits were scheduled at 2, 6 and 12 weeks.
RESULTS: The notable finding of this study is a lack of significant differences between SLE patients and healthy individuals with one exception. At the 6-week point a significant difference was found (P=0.03) between SLE patients and healthy controls, with regards to the number of VZV-specific cells stimulated to produce interferon gamma. No vaccine-induced illness was evident and there was no sign of an increase in SLE disease activity in patients.
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Tzu-WeiHuang and 黃子維. "An analysis of the Key Factors in Process Safety Management in Petrochemical Industries by Way of Analytic Hierarchy Process." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h7qj3d.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
工程管理碩士在職專班
104
This study is an analysis of the key factors in process safety management in petrochemical industries. Petrochemical industry is a high-risk industry. This study contains collecting risk evaluations of high-risk processes, analyzing and comparing the risk analysis methodologies with local and international process safety related regulations. Through professionals’ evaluation in the petrochemical industry, the key factors in four main criteria and nineteen criteria in its hierarchy are determined, with the application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), questionnaire design, case study, and data analysis. After reviewing 24 questionnaires, the results of the influential factors and their weight percentages are as follows: (1) The four main criteria are evaluation, regulations, execution, and improvements; of them, evaluation is the most important. When the analysis results are summarized, the professional knowledge of the participants was determined to be the most important factor in the evaluation criteria, the applicability of equipment regulations was determined to be the most important factor in the regulations criteria, rigorous staff training was determined to be the most important factor in the execution criteria, and constant improvement was determined to be the most important factor in the improvements criteria. (2) The study indicates that rigorous staff training, constant improvement, professional knowledge of participants, proposition of harm prevention and adjustment, availability of complete protective equipment, establishment of safety auditing programs are key factors in process safety management in petrochemical industries. These key factors make up over 50 percent of the entire weight percentage.
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Huang, Ming-Shun, and 黃明順. "Investigation of Key Factors for Workplace Safety at Cogeneration Plants in the Petrochemical Industry Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50759369598891582046.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
工業工程與管理系碩士在職專班
104
Effectively lowering the cost of energy use and operating more environmentally friendly cogeneration plants are the keys to the continued operation in the petrochemical industry. Preventative measures for workplace safety are crucial issues due to the complex operating parameters of cogeneration plants and close correlation to petrochemical refinery operations. As such, this study used the analytic hierarchy process to investigate the key factors for preventing accidents. Factors for managing workplace safety were located using data collection and literature review and expert questionnaires and interviews were screened using content analysis to establish hierarchical evaluation indicators and determine the relative importance of each indicator. The results of this study and the evaluation indicators established can be referenced by the cogeneration plants in the petrochemical industry when evaluating workplace safety incidents. Keywords：petrochemical industry; cogeneration; accident; safety management; AHP
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Tseng, Chung-Wen, and 曾忠文. "The Factors Inpact of the Campus of the Occupational Safety & Health by the Using Habitual Domains and Analytic Hierarchy Process Method." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00765464234164532021.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
工業工程與管理學系碩士班
95
Over the last decade, the industrial safety and hygiene has developed from the traditional labor safety and hygiene management to systematic industrial ones. However, the scope of safety and hygiene management of universities and junior colleges is wider and more complicated than general factories in the kinds and properties of machines, tools, equipments, etc. So, by acting supervisors and advisors, the labor safety and hygiene authorities and the Ministry of Education have been actively transacting the measure to the subsidiary plans of guiding and improving safety and hygiene. In recent years, the safety and hygiene management of the campus achieved “win-win” remarkable performance. Nevertheless, the work is continuous and closely bound up. Whether the work can be continuously driven and developed relies on the activities of the supervisory authorities and the Ministry of Education, the attitude and funds of colleges. Using the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the study carries out document review, interviews with professionals and the method of Habitual Domains (HD) to investigate the selection standards of the factors affecting the campus industrial safety. According to three levels of “financial capability,” “organizational capability” and “management capability,” the study develops ten related standards, based on which the structure of an analytical model is constructed. Then, using the software of Expert Choice 2000 version used under Windows system, the study quantifies objectively the personal feelings and drafts reasonably the layer structure of the selected factors affecting the campus industrial safety of universities and junior colleges. The results show that for the three structures in the second layer, what the professionals concern about in proper order are “financial capability” (weight 0.443), “organizational capability” (weight 0.310) and “management capability” (weight 0.247). For the ten targets in the third layer, the five factors that the professionals concern most in proper order are: “independent fund” (total weight 0.199), “installation of the entire hygiene organization” (total weight 0.148), “employment management fee” (total weight 0.142), “procurement of safety and hygiene equipments” (overall weight 0.102), and “establishment of automatic inspection system” (overall weight 0.091). The study induces an “Evaluation Table of the factors affecting the campus industrial safety of colleges.” It is hoped that when the colleges are conducting safety and hygiene work, the study can provide a reference for drafting the strategies and implementation order, construct the decision model, save the costs effectively and improve the management effectiveness. It is expected that the quality of campus safety and hygiene can be improved, and the ideal goal of zero disaster can be achieved. Keywords: campus industrial safety, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Habitual Domains (HD), universities and junior colleges, safety and hygiene
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Modiba, Thami Malcolm. "Factors influencing adherence and employee perceptions towards safety control in a mining company." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10352/438.
Full textAbstract:
M.Tech. (Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences), Vaal University of Technology.The majority of mine health and safety authorities around the world agree that the quality of safety standards is of increasing importance to the mining industry across the world (Kleyn & du Plessis 2016:309). Mining companies in many countries such as New Zealand, (an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean), Australia, South Africa and China have taken up the challenges of guaranteeing liability and improving performance of the safety and health of their workers, aware that many workers are injured, if not fatally. These incidents result in production loss. This study provides not only an opportunity to evaluate the status of the safety control measures of the work system in a mining company, but also enables management to pinpoint the causes of poor safety performance and implement efforts that ensure safety improvement. The primary objectives of this study were to examine factors influencing the adherence and employee perceptions towards safety control measures in a mining company. Furthermore, the governments in many countries have tried to implement legislation to try to curb the scourge of industrial accidents. Safety disclosures of the annual reports from the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) of South African mining organisations, discloses 10 major mining accidents that happened in 2015 at Northern Cape mining companies. Six of these accidents occurring from a small mining sector and four from a large mining sector, except previous year’s safety records as detailed in this study. A quantitative approach was adopted for the study. The data were collected using a sample of 200 participants in which a survey questionnaire was administered to permanent mine employees and full time contractors in the mine. A simple sampling technique was used and data were then analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 25.0 to formulate frequency tables and descriptive analysis graphs. Furthermore, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were utilised to analyse the data and examine significant differences between employee perceptions and attitudes towards safety control measures, age and length of service (Willemse 2009:118-121). The results reveal that although the mine was considered compliant, with its employees showing a positive attitude towards safety control measures, ANOVA revealed different perceptions of employees based on their age and years of experience. However, no differences were found in relation to gender and occupation. Based on the findings, this study further recommends future studies to be conducted in order to explore the effectiveness of implementing an internal system of self-evaluation as a starting point in any safety improvement process. An effective system of internal self-evaluation will trademark the mining sector internationally and improve workers’ safety by improving effectiveness and assurance of the control measures and the level of control performance criteria. The system should create the awareness of adherence to safety control measures and deal with employee perception towards safety adherence in mining. In addition it should be a system that ensures a structured and standardised approach to learning from incidents and that all necessary steps are followed to safeguard against repeats of incidents and accidents through an effective incident investigation process (Van den Berg 2014:11). The findings of the study revealed that the leadership in the mine has a strong, positive and significant influence on the performance of safety. In this regard, this study recommends that an effective employee engagement system to be developed and that mine managers establish a safety control charter that must be understood by the mine workers, develop a code of ethics that requires ethical and honest behaviour from all employees in order to improve safety performance and learn from these accomplishments. Mine workers will take their cue from the attitude and example displayed by management, therefore, it is recommended that mine management develop an organisational culture, which assigns authority and responsibility to employees and organises and develops employees with direction provided by management that determines the type of culture in that mine. To minimise or reduce the risk of health exposure of each activity as highlighted under Regulation 9 of the Mine Health and Safety Act (29 of 1996), it is recommended that mine manager’s enforce the use of protective equipment. The leadership and human resources, mine workers and all persons who may be affected by the mining activities in the surrounding area of operation need to be aware of the factors that can impact their well-being. The study also presented managers, mine owner and other decision makers within the mining company with important insight on key areas of factors that may require particular attention in order to enhance their operational strategies towards zero harm in the mine.
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Chio, Tien-Sung (David). "Risk assessment of technology-induced errors in health care." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7246.
Full textAbstract:
This study demonstrates that hybrid methods can be used for measuring the risk severity of technology-induced errors (TIE) that result from use of health information technology (HIT).
The objectives of this research study include:
1. Developing an integrated conceptual risk assessment model to measure the risk severity of technology-induced errors.
2. Analyzing the criticality and risk thresholds associated with TIE’s contributing factors.
3. Developing a computer-based simulation model that could be used to undertake various simulations of TIE’s problems and validate the results.
Using data from published papers describing three sample problems related to usability and technology-induced errors, hybrid methods were developed for assessing the risk severity and thresholds under various simulated conditions.
A risk assessment model (RAM) and its corresponding steps were developed. A computer-based simulation of risk assessment using the model was also developed, and several runs of the simulation were carried out. The model was tested and found to be valid.
Based on assumptions and published statistics obtained by publically available databases, we measured the risk severity and analyzed its criticality to classify risks of contributing factors into four different classes. The simulation results validated the efficiency and efficacy of the proposed methods with the sample problems.Graduate
0723
0680
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tschio2011@gmail.com
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Ramalingam, Sivam Simpson James R. "An agency approach to analyze and improve a photometric device test procedure using design of experiments methodology." 2006. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07172006-105503.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--Florida State University, 2006.Advisor: James R. Simpson, Florida State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Industrial Engineering. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 22, 2006). Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 95 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Freeman, Malcolm. "How fire risks should be managed in enclosed Australian shopping centres." Thesis, 2010. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/16009/.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research is to study fire risk management in enclosed shopping centres. Enclosed shopping centres are commercial buildings and as such are regulated as commercial buildings. Over the past decades, there have been a large number of enclosed shopping centres built across the world. In turn, there has been an increase in major fires and loss of life. Enclosed shopping centres are
perceived to have lower fire risks than other commercial buildings in Australia. However, evidence has shown that this is not always the case, in particular, the fire in September 2006 at the Myer store in Hobart. The purpose of this research is to find out how the fire risks are managed and to provide a model to guide that management.
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Argaw, Tilahun Girma. "Coping mechanisms of food insecure households in urban Ethiopia." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26833.
Full textAbstract:
With an increasing rate of urbanisation in East Africa, and with the highest prevalence rate of
undernourished population than any region in the developing world, the issue of food access
insecurity in urban areas has received considerable attention. While there are noticeable differences
between big, medium- and small-sized towns, the variation in the household’s response to food access
insecurity across urban hierarchies remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the
social, economic and demographic factors in coping with food access insecurity among households in
urban slum areas of Ethiopia.
The study used both secondary and primary data sources. The national surveys of household
consumption and expenditure survey and welfare monitoring surveys of 2004/5, 2010/11, and
2015/16 was used to analyse the food security situation in Ethiopia across time and urban hierarchies.
Primary data of 500 households and three focus group discussions were conducted from slum areas of
Addis Ababa, Hawassa, and Sheki representing a big city, medium- and small-sized town,
respectively. The household survey data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis and a
standard regression model to investigate the relationship between factors such as household structure
and composition, economic resources, social protection programmes and projects, and urban-rural
linkages with coping with food access insecurity across urban hierarchies. A global model and three
site-specific regression models were constructed.
Descriptive results from both the primary and the secondary data sources have revealed that the
proportion of the households affected by food shortage varies across the urban hierarchy that food
insecurity was highest in the small-sized town as compared with the medium-sized town and the big
city. The quality of food consumed was consistently low among female-headed households regardless
of their socio-economic characteristics when compared with male-headed households. The result of
the regression analysis for the global model has shown that economic resources (asset and source of
income) predict nearly half of the variability in coping with food access insecurity. Household
structure and composition such as gender and education of the head of the household, family structure
(nuclear/extended), and the ratio of young children in the household predict a quarter of the variability
in coping. Social protection programs and services predict one-tenth; the remaining variability in
coping is explained by the combined effect of all the factors involved.
The significance of these factors in predicting coping with food access insecurity, however, varies
across the urban hierarchies. The contribution of economic factors in predicting coping is the highest
at the big city (Addis Ababa); household structure and composition took the leading role in predicting
coping at the small-sized town (Sheki); the significant factors in predicting coping at the mediumsized
town (Hawassa) was the combined effect of all the factors involved. Household characteristics
such as female headship, a higher ratio of young children, low education of the household head, lack
of access to the financial loan, asset and income poverty, and weak linkages with kin structure at rural
areas increase vulnerability to food insecurity and put households under stress to cope with food
access insecurity.
The study results show that the traditional urban-rural dichotomy may not suffice to portray the
degree of food insecurity, as well as the mechanisms how food insecure households strive to cope
with food access insecurity, which varies across the continuum of urban hierarchies. Those who wish
to support food insecurity challenges need to be sensitive to the variability of factors in coping with
food access insecurity across urban hierarchies. During policy, design and program implementation
policymakers and international partners need to consider that the needs and coping mechanisms of
urban households vary across urban hierarchies besides the other social, economic and demographic
variables.Development Studies
Ph. D. (Development Studies)