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Jbeily, Ahmad Houssami. "Importance and Effectiveness of Different Safety Training Methods and their Application in Iron Ore Pelletizing Plants." European Journal of Business and Management Research 8, no. 1 (January 18, 2023): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2023.8.1.1790.
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Iron ore pelletizing plants present several types of hazards and risks that can contribute to occupational incidents and material losses. Hazard Identification and Risk assessment is a process to identify causes and consequences including significance level considering both probability and consequences of occurrences. Henceforth, preventive and mitigation measures are established, communicated, and verified to prevent unwanted incidents and events. In 1950 the National Safety Council introduced the hierarchy of controls inspired by a philosophy that controlling exposures to occupational hazards is the fundamental method of protecting workers. The hierarchy of control was established to prove that design, elimination, substitution, and engineering controls should be the most effective when applied in preventing occupational incidents followed by administrative controls and Personal Protective Equipment. Safety training is one of the important preventive measures falling under the category of administrative controls. However, training effectiveness shall be considered in all phases such as training design, delivery, and post-training monitoring. In this paper, the main iron ore pelletizing safety hazards and risks such as the conveyor belt system will be reviewed and a discussion on the effectiveness, barriers, and constraints of traditional safety training programs and the consideration of advantages and challenges of the immersive training program in ensuring the effectiveness in improving risk perception, safe behavior and reducing occupational safety incidents.
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Amyotte, Paul, Yene Irvine, and Faisal Khan. "Chemical safety board investigation reports and the hierarchy of controls: Round 2." Process Safety Progress 37, no. 4 (October 9, 2018): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prs.12009.
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Persaud, Eric, and Amber Mitchell. "Needlestick Injuries Among Healthcare Workers Administering COVID-19 Vaccinations in the United States." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 31, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10482911211001483.
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As mass COVID-19 vaccination programs roll out across the country, we are potentially faced with compromising workers’ health for the sake of the broader public health, as it relates to occupational exposure to contaminated needles and syringes. We have the opportunity to provide recommendations that advance protection of workers through the industrial hygiene hierarchy of controls, especially in light of the twentieth anniversary of the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act. Specifically, greater focus on institutional controls that can dictate the safety culture and climate of institutions that roll out COVID-19 vaccination programs, while maintaining careful focus on preventing sharps injuries and blood exposure. In addition, we provide suggestions for the role that engineering controls, such as devices with sharps injury prevention features play in protecting workers from exposure to bloodborne pathogens, as well as the importance of ongoing injury incident surveillance.
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Schill, Anita L. "Advancing Well-Being Through Total Worker Health®." Workplace Health & Safety 65, no. 4 (April 2017): 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2165079917701140.
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Total Worker Health® (TWH) is a paradigm-shifting approach to safety, health, and well-being in the workplace. It is defined as policies, programs, and practices that integrate protection from work-related safety and health hazards with promotion of injury and illness prevention efforts to advance worker well-being. The most current TWH concepts are presented, including a description of issues relevant to TWH and introduction of a hierarchy of controls applied to TWH. Total Worker Health advocates for a foundation of safety and health through which work can contribute to higher levels of well-being.
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Amyotte, Paul R., Dustin K. MacDonald, and Faisal I. Khan. "An analysis of CSB investigation reports concerning the hierarchy of controls." Process Safety Progress 30, no. 3 (June 20, 2011): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prs.10461.
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Viramgami, Ankit, Avinash Pagdhune, Kamalesh Sarkar, and Rakesh Balachandar. "Occupational Health and Safety Practices at workplace during COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Comprehensive Health 8, no. 2 (October 8, 2020): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.53553/jch.v08i02.004.
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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a highly contagious viral respiratory disease has been declared as pandemic due to its global spread across most countries. Social isolation (i.e. physical distancing) and strict embracement of personal hygiene are few demonstrated preventive methods of COVID-19 transmission. All countries, based on the recommendations of World Health Organization (WHO), have adopted lockdown strategy (promoting physical distancing) to prevent COVID-19 transmission in the community including workplaces. In the interest of economic sustenance, many countries have partially relaxed the lockdown policies, to resume selective functioning of factories / organizations / institutes / workplaces. However, in the absence of appropriate occupational health and safety policies, workplaces are a potential threat for COVID-19 transmission & outbreak. The following document reviews the conventional hierarchy of occupational safety and health control measures (i.e. engineering controls, administrative controls and PPE), necessary to prevent COVID-19 outbreaks at workplace, based on the current scientific evidences on COVID-19.
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Racz, Sever-Gabriel, Radu-Eugen Breaz, and Lucian-Ionel Cioca. "Evaluating Safety Systems for Machine Tools with Computer Numerical Control using Analytic Hierarchy Process." Safety 5, no. 1 (March 7, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety5010014.
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Computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools are complex production systems with fully automatic machine parts. Nowadays, high feed rates and machining speeds are used during the machining process. Human operators are still needed to set-up the machine, load/unload workpieces and parts, load the machining code, and supervise the machining process. The operators work in an environment where automated high-speed motions occur, and consequently, CNC machine tools have to be equipped with safety systems. The approach presented in this paper was to evaluate the main safety systems of CNC machine tools based upon the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The analyzed systems were divided into six main categories and compared pairwise using five criteria proposed by the authors. The approach and the obtained results significantly relied upon the situation found at the industrial company used as a benchmark for the research. The analysis reveals that, among considered safety devices, manually operated controls are the most efficient ones. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the stability of the AHP solution.
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Ajslev, Jeppe Z. N., Jeppe L. Møller, Malene F. Andersen, Payam Pirzadeh, and Helen Lingard. "The Hierarchy of Controls as an Approach to Visualize the Impact of Occupational Safety and Health Coordination." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 5 (February 26, 2022): 2731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052731.
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Occupational safety and health (OSH) in construction work continues to be a problematic issue, and OSH coordinators are a pivotal initiative for improving this in the EU. However, no studies on the impact of (OSH) coordinators in construction exists. This study conceptualizes the hierarchy of controls (HOC) as a means for visualizing and evaluating the impact of OSH coordinators’ work. The study engages with a large observational material based on fieldwork notes from 107 days of observations with 12 successful OSH coordinators. The analysis shows that during the 107 observation days, the coordinators implemented 280 OSH measures and were prevented 71 times from implementing measures. Most of the implemented measures were in the administrative (53.6%) and engineering (35%) controls. This may provide part of the explanation of why an increasing focus on OSH coordination has not translated into improved OSH outcomes in construction. The study contributes with insights for OSH coordinators and professionals seeking to improve the visibility and legitimacy of their work. In addition, it may be beneficial to organizations interested in ensuring the effectiveness of their organizational OSH practices. The study also creates foundations for more research-based practices, education, and professionalization of OSH coordinators as a profession.
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Maguire, Erin, and Alison Spurr. "Implementation of Ultraviolet Radiation Safety Measures for Outdoor Workers." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 21, no. 2 (December 9, 2016): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475416683389.
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Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) poses a major risk for outdoor workers, putting them at greater risk for skin cancer. In the general population, the incidence of both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers is increasing. It is estimated that 90% of skin cancers in Canada are directly attributable to UVR exposure, making this cancer largely preventable with the appropriate precautions. A scoping review was conducted on the barriers and facilitators to UVR safety in outdoor workers to elucidate why these precautions are not in use currently. We discuss these results according to the Hierarchy of Controls as a means to outline effective and feasible prevention strategies for outdoor workers. In doing so, this review may be used to inform the design of future workplace interventions for UVR safety in outdoor workers to decrease the risk of skin cancer in this vulnerable population.
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Li, Li Sha. "Research on Airline Operational Control Model Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 1365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.1365.
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With expansion of airlines fleet capacity in China, airlines pay more attention to airline profit, service evaluation, etc., besides flight safety. Therefore it is important to study on operational control approaches that can promote operational efficiency, guarantee flight on-schedule rate and reduce operational cost. In this paper, an Analytic Hierarchy Process is employed to build a related-factor model mainly influencing dispatchers making decision in the operational control process of airlines. This process makes the complicated decision-making system hierarchic and analyzes the importance of all related factors by comprising their importance in a hierarchical way. Through an algorithmic example and data analysis, the operational control decision-making model of an assisting nature based on hierarchic analysis in this paper can provide quantitative basis for final decision making.
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Robinson, Grant. "Serious Injury and Fatality Prevention (SIFP): a structured program designed to prevent serious injuries and fatalities in the workplace." APPEA Journal 60, no. 2 (2020): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj19015.
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As industry continues the challenge to drive down the frequency of low- and medium-level injuries in the workplace, one of the key challenges for safety professionals is in the prevention of serious injuries and fatalities (SIFs). There has been significant research into this area, and it is apparent that the causal factors that often contribute to SIFs are different to those of other less-serious lagging indicators. This presentation describes one approach that has been developed and implemented globally across TechnipFMC to help identify key risk activities and implement a structured mitigation process based on the hierarchy of controls.
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Cimpeanu, Radu, Susana N. Gomes, and Demetrios T. Papageorgiou. "Active control of liquid film flows: beyond reduced-order models." Nonlinear Dynamics 104, no. 1 (February 19, 2021): 267–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11071-021-06287-5.
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AbstractThe ability to robustly and efficiently control the dynamics of nonlinear systems lies at the heart of many current technological challenges, ranging from drug delivery systems to ensuring flight safety. Most such scenarios are too complex to tackle directly, and reduced-order modelling is used in order to create viable representations of the target systems. The simplified setting allows for the development of rigorous control theoretical approaches, but the propagation of their effects back up the hierarchy and into real-world systems remains a significant challenge. Using the canonical set-up of a liquid film falling down an inclined plane under the action of active feedback controls in the form of blowing and suction, we develop a multi-level modelling framework containing both analytical models and direct numerical simulations acting as an in silico experimental platform. Constructing strategies at the inexpensive lower levels in the hierarchy, we find that offline control transfer is not viable; however, analytically informed feedback strategies show excellent potential, even far beyond the anticipated range of applicability of the models. The detailed effects of the controls in terms of stability and treatment of nonlinearity are examined in detail in order to gain understanding of the information transfer inside the flows, which can aid transition towards other control-rich frameworks and applications.
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Patti, Alexa A., Alexsandra A. Apostolico, Lindsey J. Milich, Amy G. Lewis, Alison T. Murtha, and Derek G. Shendell. "Evaluation of a secondary school cosmetology safety and health training's effectiveness after implementation of a hierarchy of controls “pyramid game” using the “salon safety quiz”." Journal of Chemical Health and Safety 23, no. 6 (November 2016): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchas.2015.11.005.
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Sen, Abhijit, Abdulrahman Khamaj, Majed Moosa, and Sougata Karmakar. "Cross-Cultural Study on OSH Risk Perception of Solar PV Workers of Saudi Arabia and India: Risk Mitigation through PtD." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 18, 2022): 9614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249614.
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A large number of workers are entering the rapidly growing solar photovoltaic industry. The emerging occupational safety and health risks faced by the workers have rarely been measured and aptly addressed. Moreover, there is a lack of cross-cultural studies on solar photovoltaic workers engaged across different countries. This study was planned to measure the occupational safety and health risks, socio-demographic parameters, study the cross-cultural aspects and develop design concepts for risk mitigation. Field studies were conducted in solar installations in Saudi Arabia and India. Socio-demographic data and risk perception scores for eighteen different occupational safety and health risks were obtained from the workers (n = 135). In addition, discomfort glare was also measured. Design concepts were developed following the hierarchy of controls matrix and the bow-tie analysis method using the prevention through design approach. Heat stress, electrocution, solar radiation, and fire/electric flash were found in the high and very high risk categories. This is a first-of-its-kind cross-cultural study in the solar photovoltaic industry which measures the occupational safety and health risks and develops design concepts for mitigation of risks. This study will be beneficial to solar project developers, safety professionals, ergonomists, industrial designers and policy makers.
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Kruzhilko, O., N. Volodchenkova, V. Maistrenko, I. Tkalych, and O. Polukarov. "STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF MEASURES OF THE HIERARCHY OF CONTROL ON OCCUPATIONAL RISK." Labour protection problems in Ukraine 37, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36804/nndipbop.37-3.2021.8-13.
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The article analyzes the international and domestic experience in building a safety and hygiene management system. It is noted that the priorities in the process of ensuring safe and harmless working conditions for many developed countries are: revision and improvement of the legal framework for occupational safety and health, encouraging employers to ensure proper working conditions, and raising awareness of managers and employees on occupational safety and health. Recommendations for planning measures depending on the hazards present in enterprises and the results of risk assessment are contained in the documents of the International Labor Organization. Methods and methods of detection and assessment of risk factors can be chosen according to the characteristics of the workplace. Effective occupational risk reduction activities involve the implementation of a certain sequence of tools and management methods (control hierarchy), as specified in the international standard ISO 45001. It is proposed to use the following priorities for risk reduction: elimination of hazards, replacement of processes, operations, materials or equipment for less dangerous, the use of technical means and methods of management, reorganization of work and training of employees, administrative control of hazards, personal protective equipment. According to the results of the research, in the absence of resources for the implementation of measures of the highest priorities, the most effective approach was the combination of technical means and management methods, reorganization of work and training, as well as administrative control of hazards. To implement occupational health and safety management systems based on a risk-based approach, it is necessary, first of all, to develop and approve a methodology that determines the procedure for calculating occupational risk and ensure that the results of risk assessment are taken into account when planning preventive measures.
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Liu, Hua, Lian-cun Zuo, and Jin-yu Chen. "Research on the Improvement Path of Agricultural Supply Quality Based on Pre-control under the "Internet +"." E3S Web of Conferences 145 (2020): 01031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014501031.
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By identifying the factors affecting the quality and safety in the supply chain of agricultural assets under the "Internet+", the importance of customer needs and various needs is determined by using the analytic hierarchy process and questionnaire method. Combining HACCP system with QFD principle, a quality house of agricultural assets based on quality and safety control is drawn up. The quality and safety control system of agricultural assets is established by quantifying quality and safety prevention and control measures. Through the quantitative analysis of measures adopted, the operability and emphasis of the measures are strengthened, which can provide reference and basis for improving the quality and safety of agricultural assets in the new era in China.
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Zisook, Rachel E., Andrew Monnot, Justine Parker, Shannon Gaffney, Scott Dotson, and Kenneth Unice. "Assessing and managing the risks of COVID-19 in the workplace: Applying industrial hygiene (IH)/occupational and environmental health and safety (OEHS) frameworks." Toxicology and Industrial Health 36, no. 9 (September 2020): 607–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233720967522.
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As businesses attempt to reopen to varying degrees amid the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, industrial hygiene (IH) and occupational and environmental health and safety (OEHS) professionals have been challenged with assessing and managing the risks of COVID-19 in the workplace. In general, the available IH/OEHS tools were designed to control hazards originating in the workplace; however, attempts to tailor them specifically to the control of infectious disease outbreaks have been limited. This analysis evaluated the IH decision-making framework (Anticipate, Recognize, Evaluate, Control, and Confirm (“ARECC”)) as it relates to biological hazards, in general, and to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), specifically. Available IH/OEHS risk assessment and risk management tools (e.g. control banding and the hierarchy of controls) are important components of the ARECC framework. These conceptual models, however, were primarily developed for controlling chemical hazards and must be adapted to the unique characteristics of highly infectious and virulent pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2. This assessment provides an overview of the key considerations for developing occupational infection control plans, selecting the best available controls, and applying other emerging tools (e.g. quantitative microbial risk assessment), with the ultimate goal of facilitating risk management decisions during the current global pandemic.
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Hudson, Heidi L., Anita L. Schill, and Reid Richards. "An Exploratory, Qualitative Study of How Organizations Implement the Hierarchy of Controls Applied to Total Worker Health®." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (September 24, 2021): 10032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910032.
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Understanding of how Total Worker Health® (TWH) guidelines are implemented in employment organizations in the USA is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to explore how the principles of the Hierarchy of Controls Applied to NIOSH Total Worker Health (TWH HoC), have been implemented among organizations featured as Promising Practices for TWH between 2012–2019, with special focus on the work-related issues of fatigue, stress, sedentary work, and tobacco control. We also sought to identify benefits, obstacles, and lessons learned in the implementation of the TWH HoC. Eighteen organizations were identified to be included in the study. Using a qualitative cross-sectional design and purposive sampling, seven in-depth interviews were conducted with thirteen key informants. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to guide the thematic analysis and interpretation of qualitative data. Four themes identified include recognition of the TWH approach and TWH HoC, implementation of the TWH HoC, barriers and facilitators in addressing specific work-related issues, and implementation climate primes benefits, obstacles, and lessons learned. The inner setting (i.e., culture, implementation climate, readiness for implementation) of organizations was a prominent determinant of the implementation of integrated worker safety, health, and well-being interventions.
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Ridge, Laura Jean, Victoria Vaughan Dickson, and Amy Witkoski Stimpfel. "The Occupational Health of Nurses in the Economic Community of West African States: A Review of the Literature." Workplace Health & Safety 67, no. 11 (July 31, 2019): 554–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2165079919859383.
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Nurses provide the majority of health care in sub-Saharan Africa, which has high rates of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This systematic review used PRISMA methodology to synthesize the literature published between January 2008 and December 2018 examining the occupational health of nurses practicing in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The United States’ National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health’s Hierarchy of Controls is used to frame the findings. This research was mostly conducted in Nigeria and Ghana and focused on administrative controls. Nurses practicing in ECOWAS are at high risk of acquiring a bloodborne illness due to inadequate engineering and administrative controls, as well as limited access to personal protective equipment (PPE). These findings indicate interventions to improve these controls would likely lower the occupational risks faced by nurses practicing in ECOWAS. Research in more countries in ECOWAS would likely find differences in occupational health practices in Nigeria and Ghana, which are relatively wealthy, and other countries in the region. This literature showed nurses practicing in ECOWAS did not have adequate protection from biological hazards. Regional health groups, such as the West African Health Organization, should commit to improving occupational health practice. Needle recapping and double gloving must be discontinued, and PPE must be made more widely available in ECOWAS. Occupational health professionals in the region should advocate for better distribution of PPE and consider offering trainings on these behaviors.
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Li, Xiaolei. "Risk Analysis of Complex System Operation considering Effective Control Time." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (February 16, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4800559.
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The fresh new traits that new equipment possesses, such as the high complexity of complex equip-processing, the multiformity of the equip-used environment, the coupling characteristic of the human-equipment-environment factors, and the dynamic idiosyncrasy of risk, bring huge challenges to the safety analysis and evaluation. According to the characteristics of a complex system, such as hierarchy, structure, and complex operating environment, this paper analyzes and depicts the state evolution process of equipment from hazard symptoms to accidents under the influence of initial events (faults, human errors, etc.). At the same time, the parameters representing the concept of safety distance are put forward to effectively control the time. Combined with a certain abroad type of carrier-based aircraft landing process, the landing process safety analysis model is established to verify the applicability of theoretical methods. Through simulation, the hazard modes and their relationship with effective control time are analyzed and the safety constraints model of the landing process is established.
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Jin, Ziyu, John Gambatese, Ding Liu, and Vineeth Dharmapalan. "Using 4D BIM to assess construction risks during the design phase." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 26, no. 11 (November 18, 2019): 2637–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-09-2018-0379.
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Purpose The prevention through design (PtD) concept has been widely recognized as one of the most effective approaches to eliminate or reduce construction site hazards. It encourages engineers and architects to consider occupational safety and health during the planning and design phases. Nevertheless, the implementation of PtD is often inhibited because designers lack adequate knowledge about construction safety and the construction process, and limited design-for-safety tools and procedures are available for designers to use. The purpose of this paper is to provide designers a tool for assessing construction risks during early phases of multistory building projects at an activity level and on a daily basis in a 4D environment. By using the tool, proactive measures could be taken in the design and planning phase to reduce site hazards. Design/methodology/approach The proposed method consists of four steps including risk quantification at a design element level, 4D model integration with risk values, risk assessment, and design alternative selection and model acceptance. A case study was carried out to test and verify the proposed method. Findings The proposed tool has the capability to assess the safety risk for an entire multistory project and visualize safety risk in a particular time period, work space and task prior to construction. It benefits designers in conducting risk assessments and selecting design alternatives concerning safety. Contractors could also utilize the visualization and simulation results of the 4D model for site safety planning so that a range of risk mitigation strategies could be implemented during construction. Originality/value The study provides an innovative PtD tool targeting designers as primary end-users. The proposed tool helps designers assess construction risks and has potential to incorporate the top levels of the hierarchy of risk controls.
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Liu, Zhansheng, Anxiu Li, Zhe Sun, Guoliang Shi, and Xintong Meng. "Digital Twin-Based Risk Control during Prefabricated Building Hoisting Operations." Sensors 22, no. 7 (March 25, 2022): 2522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072522.
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Prefabricated buildings have advantages when it comes to environmental protection. However, the dynamics and complexity of building hoisting operations bring significant safety risks. Existing research on hoisting safety risk lacks a real-time information interaction mechanism and lacks scientific control decision-making tools based on considering the correlation between safety risks. Digital twin (DT) has the advantage of real-time interaction. This paper presents a safety risk control framework for controlling prefabricated building hoisting operations based on DT. In the case of considering the correlation of the safety risk index of hoisting, the safety risk hierarchy model of hoisting is defined in the process of building the DT model. The authors have established a Bayesian network model into the process of the integrated analysis of the digital twin mechanism model and monitoring data to realize the visualization of the decision analysis process of hoisting safety risk control. The key degree of the indirect inducement variable to direct inducement variable was calculated according to probability. The key factor leading to the occurrence of risk was found. The effectiveness of the hoisting safety risk control method is verified by a large, prefabricated building project. This method provides decision tools for hoisting safety risk control, assists in formulating effective control schemes, and improves the efficiency of information integration and sharing.
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de Perio, Marie A., Chad H. Dowell, Lisa J. Delaney, Lewis J. Radonovich, David T. Kuhar, Neil Gupta, Anita Patel, Satish K. Pillai, and Maryann D’Alessandro. "Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 14, no. 5 (May 19, 2020): 658–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.160.
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ABSTRACTN95 respirators are personal protective equipment most often used to control exposures to infections transmitted via the airborne route. Supplies of N95 respirators can become depleted during pandemics or when otherwise in high demand. In this paper, we offer strategies for optimizing supplies of N95 respirators in health care settings while maximizing the level of protection offered to health care personnel when there is limited supply in the United States during the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic. The strategies are intended for use by professionals who manage respiratory protection programs, occupational health services, and infection prevention programs in health care facilities to protect health care personnel from job-related risks of exposure to infectious respiratory illnesses. Consultation with federal, state, and local public health officials is also important. We use the framework of surge capacity and the occupational health and safety hierarchy of controls approach to discuss specific engineering control, administrative control, and personal protective equipment measures that may help in optimizing N95 respirator supplies.
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Barlet, Grace, Rosemary K. Sokas, and Eileen Betit. "Operating Engineers and the OSHA Silica Standard: A Survey of Union Trainers." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 29, no. 4 (November 14, 2019): 530–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1048291119889006.
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Enclosed cabs with filtration systems, an engineering control preferred in the hierarchy of controls, may reduce heavy equipment operators’ silica exposure during demolition, grading, and excavation. We surveyed operating engineer trainers about silica training, familiarity with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) silica standard, and cab filtration systems. A voluntary and anonymous online survey was e-mailed to 437 trainers in January 2018. The response rate was 22.9 percent (n = 100). Most trainers (84 percent) covered health risks and silica exposure prevention in their courses. Of these, 59 percent discussed cab filtration as an engineering control. Trainers identified possible barriers to the use of cab filtration systems and a need for education to increase use, and raised concerns about other exposures associated with heavy equipment use. Education about selection, use, and maintenance of cab filtration systems to control silica exposure is needed. Engineering improvements to heavy equipment should address cab filtration, noise, heat, and vibration.
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Celano, Paul, Christopher A. Fausel, Erin B. Kennedy, Tim M. Miller, Thomas K. Oliver, Ray Page, Jeffery C. Ward, and Robin T. Zon. "Safe Handling of Hazardous Drugs: ASCO Standards." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 7 (March 1, 2019): 598–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.18.01616.
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PURPOSE To provide 2019 ASCO standards on the safe handling of hazardous drugs. METHODS An Expert Panel was formed, and a systematic review of the literature on closed system transfer devices was performed to May 2017 using PubMed. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed, and Google Scholar were used to search for studies of medical surveillance and external ventilation/health effects of exposure to vapors to November 2017. Available standards were considered for endorsement. Public comments were solicited and considered in preparation of the final manuscript. RESULTS The search for primary research found no studies that addressed health outcomes as they relate to the identified interventions of interest. The ASCO Expert Panel endorses the best practices for safe handling of hazardous drugs as issued by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, US Pharmacopeia Chapter 800, and Oncology Nursing Society with clarifications in four key areas: medical surveillance, closed system transfer devices, external ventilation of containment secondary engineering controls or containment segregated compounding areas, and alternative duties. CONCLUSION The ASCO standards address the need for clear standards concerning safe handling of hazardous oncology drugs. More research is needed in several key areas to quantify the level of risk associated with handling hazardous drugs in current workplace settings where the hierarchy of controls is consistently applied. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/safe-handling-standards .
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Kadkhodaei, Masoud, and Rouzbeh Shad. "Analysis and Evaluation of Traffic Congestion Control Methods in Touristic Metropolis Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)." Civil Engineering Journal 4, no. 3 (April 7, 2018): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-0309119.
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One of the most important issues of urban transport management in metropolitan cities is the control of traffic congestion in the central parts of the city or other densely populated areas. Typical ways to control traffic congestion in metropolitan areas are to create a prohibited traffic area, alternate traffic plan (even and odd), and congestion pricing. In this paper, these traffic congestion control methods have been compared and evaluated. The methodology of this research is analytical hierarchy analysis (AHP). Based on the results, the most effective measures for assessing traffic congestion control methods in metropolitan cities were improving traffic conditions, social welfare, reducing environmental pollution and improving the safety of intra-urban travel. The best Traffic congestion control options were also priced for traffic congestion, roaming traffic (odd and odd), and the creation of traffic barriers. The results of analyzes and paired comparisons in analytic hierarchy analysis were also obtained using “Expert choice” software.
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Pikner, Heiko, Raivo Sell, Jüri Majak, and Kristo Karjust. "Safety System Assessment Case Study of Automated Vehicle Shuttle." Electronics 11, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071162.
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Automated vehicle (AV) minibuses, i.e., AV shuttles, are gaining popularity in the testing of new types of transportation services in real traffic conditions. AV shuttles have moved from closed test areas to low-traffic public sites such as local residential areas, technology parks, university campuses, etc. These types of vehicles are usually low-speed and rely on a lidar-camera sensor set and a self-driving software stack. These new use cases are increasing these systems’ safety demands. In addition to functional safety, many other aspects need to be considered. In this study, a risk analysis model is developed, combining the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution method. The proposed model is utilized to prioritize risks corresponding to the particular case study, based on real AV shuttle bus development, and focuses on the low-level hardware/software safety issues and improvements.
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Ma, Bo, Yongming Han, Shiying Cui, Zhiqiang Geng, Hongda Li, and Chong Chu. "Risk early warning and control of food safety based on an improved analytic hierarchy process integrating quality control analysis method." Food Control 108 (February 2020): 106824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106824.
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Chen, Jialiang, Huizhe Li, Zhaozheng Hu, Kai Liu, and Yue Hou. "Evaluation Index for IVIS Integration Test under a Closed Condition Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process." Electronics 11, no. 22 (November 21, 2022): 3830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11223830.
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The intelligent vehicle infrastructure system (IVIS) requires systematic testing before being put into large-scale applications. IVIS testing under closed conditions includes stress tests for typical scenarios and extreme scenario strength testing. To extract IVIS integration test indicators under closed conditions, this article constructed a hierarchical framework of IVIS’s evaluation indexes in the stress tests and the strength tests. The hierarchical framework of IVIS stress test evaluation indicators reflect the highway construction area under typical scenarios, and the hierarchical framework of IVIS strength test evaluation indicators reflect the highway merging area under extreme scenarios. Both are based on the test requirements of the stress test and strength test, with safety as the evaluation objective. Second, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to calculate the weights of the test evaluation indicators of the two scenarios. Finally, the activity-based classification (ABC) method was used after ranking the weight results in order to extract the key factors that have the maximum impact on safety in the scenarios. In this paper, we proved the practicality and feasibility of the AHP-ABC extraction method in the IVIS integration testing evaluation index and guided the development and testing of the IVIS.
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He, Shuilong, Yongliang Wang, Yuye Chen, Fei Xiao, Jucai Deng, and Enyong Xu. "Research on Safety Evaluation of Commercial Vehicle Driving Behavior Based on Data Mining Technology." Journal of Sensors 2021 (November 25, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9927348.
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The arrival of big data era of internet of vehicles promotes the rapid development of logistics industry, which also indirectly leads to the high traffic accident rate, resulting in huge casualties and property losses. Driving behavior is considered the most central factor leading to traffic accidents. Therefore, a scientific and effective method for evaluating the safety of commercial vehicle driving behavior is urgently needed. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation model of driving behavior security based on multimembership function is proposed, and entropy weight method (EWM), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation algorithm are integrated. Firstly, the evaluation system of commercial vehicle safety of driving behavior is established. Secondly, the weight vector of each evaluation index is determined by combining EW-AHP to eliminate the subjectivity of the traditional AHP algorithm. Then, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix is calculated based on the multimembership function and fuzzy mathematics theory, and the quantitative evaluation of driving behavior safety is realized based on the matrix. Finally, the real road vehicle driving data and driving behavior data are verified by experiments. The experimental results show that the model can accurately and reasonably evaluate the safety of driving behavior, which is of great significance to improve road traffic safety.
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Norton, Danny, and Dale Wright. "Arc flash: a risk assessment and mitigation strategy." APPEA Journal 51, no. 2 (2011): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj10117.
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Oil and gas facility managers are well aware that attention to detail saves lives and supports business continuity and reputation. Those tasked with stewardship of electrical assets will be aware of the need to protect their employees from the hazard of electrical arc flash and that it should be at the forefront of safety thinking. Complacency and lack of duty of care with this real and possibly un-quantified hazard can lead to fatalities. The primary solution to arc flash consequences in older installations has been the implementation of safe work procedures and personal protective equipment. While still valid, these solutions are the least effective options in the hierarchy of controls. SKM have developed a practical risk mitigation strategy that considers the hazards of prospective arc flash energy together with the cumulative effect of switchboard age, design, capability and condition. The strategy also considers the range of potential mitigation controls available through the mechanism of substitution and engineering design that focuses on reducing: The likelihood of an arc flash incident occurring; The likelihood of personnel exposure; and, The energy released should an incident occur. A structured arc flash risk assessment process can provide the asset owner the opportunity to rank individual switchboards for likelihood, consequence and risk, and thus provide direction for engineered remediation and capital expenditure. SKM proposes the way in which arc flash risk can be assessed, how appropriate layered mitigation measures might be selected, and how an asset owner may approach the issue of arc flash hazard mitigation to economically and reliably protect its employees.
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Kawecka, Agnieszka, Agnieszka Cholewa-Wójcik, and Tadeusz Sikora. "Development of recommendations on the hierarchy of activities regarding the implementation of the BRC standard in relation to the safety of packaging using the AHP method." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, no. 11 (113) (October 31, 2021): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.239858.
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The British Retail Consortium Global Standard for Food Safety enjoys great popularity among food industry companies, the number of companies with the certified standard is rising every year. The packaging used for food packaging has a very large impact on the safety and quality of the packaged food. The purpose of the study was to indicate the requirements of the standard in relation to packaging, which should be implemented firstly by enterprises of the food industry. In the research part, the AHP analysis was conducted on the basis of the experts' recommendations. Decision matrixes for every criterion: hazard analysis concerning packaging, purchase procedure, packaging acceptance procedure were developed. A decision matrix for the main criterion as a result of criteria decision matrix was developed, global decision hierarchy was also developed. Research clearly showed that the most important activity (among the proposed) is hazard analysis, with a 0.517 weighted sum value. In many of the detailed requirements of the standard, hazard analysis and risk assessment (0.333 weighted sum value) are the basis for many activities, including establishing a purchasing procedure (0.163 weighted sum value), accepting packaging (0.297 weighted sum value), or many others. The relevance of this study is the identification of the hierarchy of importance of activities performed within the framework of ensuring the quality and safety of food packaging. A reasonable approach is presented. The AHP method allows indicating the sequence of activities during the implementation of the BRC standard, as evidenced by pilot studies carried out on the basis of procedures related to the safety of packaging. The standard sets up requirements for packaging in the form of packaging management procedure, in which it should be stated how the site operates with packaging. Moreover, there are requirements concerning hazard analysis in relation to packaging
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Engelbrecht, Duanne, Nico Steyn, and Karim Djouani. "Adaptive Virtual Impedance Control of a Mobile Multi-Robot System." Robotics 10, no. 1 (January 21, 2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics10010019.
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The capabilities of collaborative robotics have transcended the conventional abilities of decentralised robots as it provides benefits such as scalability, flexibility and robustness. Collaborative robots can operate safely in complex human environments without being restricted by the safety cages or barriers that often accompany them. Collaborative robots can be used for various applications such as machine tending, packaging, process tasks and pick and place. This paper proposes an improvement of the current virtual impedance algorithm by developing an adaptive virtual impedance controlled mobile multi-robot system focused on dynamic obstacle avoidance with a controlled planar movement. The study includes the development of a mobile multi-robot platform whereby each robot plans a path individually without a supervisor. The proposed system would implement a two-layered hierarchy for robot path planning. The higher layer generates a trajectory from the current position to the desired position, and the lower layer develops a real-time strategy to follow the generated trajectory while avoiding static and dynamic obstacles. The key contribution of this paper is the adaptive virtual impedance controller for a multi-robot system that will maintain movement stability and improve the motion behaviour in a dynamic environment.
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Brown, Carol E., Erin Shore, Mike V. Van Dyke, Joshua Scott, and Roberta Smith. "Evaluation of an Occupational Safety and Health Training for Cannabis Cultivation Workers." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 64, no. 7 (March 18, 2020): 765–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxaa026.
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Abstract Objectives As the commercial cannabis industry grows, there is an increased need to characterize potentially hazardous workplace exposures and provide training to workers to mitigate these exposures with the goal of reducing accidents and injuries from cannabis cultivation, processing, and manufacturing. Public health and safety stakeholders in Colorado developed a worker-focused training designed to improve hazard awareness, recognition, and controls related to commercial cannabis cultivation. This paper describes the evaluation of this training. Methods The training was a full day, in-person educational experience directed to workers in the cannabis cultivation industry. Training topics included an overview of occupational safety and health hazards, chemical exposures, slip, trips, and falls, repetitive motion, the application of the hierarchy of control including lockout/tagout, machine guarding, personal protective equipment, among others. Evaluation surveys assessed attendee demographics, perceived job hazards, confidence to change workplace practices, knowledge, training relevancy and quality, intent to change behavior, as well as barriers and resources. Results A total of 208 people attended the safety trainings. One hundred and thirty-four participants (64%) completed the pre-training survey and 107 (51%) completed the post-training survey. Respondents provided high ratings for the quality and relevance of the training, with 91.3% of respondents rating the training very good or excellent. Before the training, the attendees listed their most concerning safety and health issues as exposure to pesticides and other chemicals (65.7%), absorbing chemicals through the skin (56.7%), slips, trips, and falls (52.2%), and respiratory hazards (50.7%). After the training, they reported the most concerning hazards to be slips, trips, and fall hazards (65.4%), ergonomic problems (64.5%), and respiratory issues (61.7%). There was a statistically non-significant increase in knowledge scores from 67.1% correct to 76.0% correct. Finally, 88.5% of respondents felt extremely or very confident that they could change their own health and safety practices at work. Conclusions The training successfully reached cannabis employees in cultivation, compliance, and management. Survey respondents felt that the training was of high quality and addressed gaps in their knowledge related to safety and health hazards in the cannabis industry. The workplace safety and health concerns shifted from pre- to post-training. There was a statistically non-significant increase in knowledge. Additional follow-up of training attendees would be beneficial to measure sustained impact of training.
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Strapazzon do Couto, Bruna, and Miguel Afonso Sellitto. "Workload Control and Order Dispatching Rules." Periodica Polytechnica Social and Management Sciences 30, no. 1 (January 3, 2022): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppso.17271.
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The purpose of this study is to choose an order dispatching rule and measure the work-in-process and lead-time in the production process of a conveyor chain manufacturer. The main strategic issue for the manufacturer is dependability, which requires meeting deadlines and managing internal lead-times. The study integrates two techniques, workload control (WLC) and an analytical hierarchy process (AHP), respectively systems for production planning and control, and multi-criteria decision support, both widely used in handling manufacturing strategic issues. The research method is a field experiment. Supported by the AHP and according to strategic criteria, practitioners selected the early due date rule (the order with the closest due date comes first) to release 231 orders. Then, employing a methodology designed to support WLC applications, the study measured key parameters that provide information regarding the overall performance of the manufacturer, the input rate, work-in-process, lead-time, throughput performance, and the level of safety stock. Using the model and a graphical tool derived from queuing theory, the throughput diagram, the study provides evidence that, although the manufacturing process is satisfactorily balanced and achieves acceptable performance, the level of safety stock is small and should be increased to prevent starvation on the shop floor.
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Kotze, Koot, Helene-Mari van der Westhuizen, Eldi van Loggerenberg, Farah Jawitz, and Rodney Ehrlich. "Doctors’ Extended Shifts as Risk to Practitioner and Patient: South Africa as a Case Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 5853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165853.
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Extended shifts are common in medical practice. This is when doctors are required to work continuously for more than 16 h, with little or no rest, often without a maximum limit. These shifts have been a part of medical practice for more than a century. Research on the impact of fatigue presents compelling evidence that extended shifts increase the risk of harm to patients and practitioners. However, where the number of doctors is limited and their workloads are not easily reduced, there are numerous barriers to reform. Some of these include a perceived lack of safer alternatives, concerns about continuity of care, trainee education, and doctors’ preferences. As such, working hour reorganisation has been contentious globally. South Africa, a middle-income country where extended shifts are unregulated for most doctors, offers a useful case study of reform efforts. The South African Safe Working Hours campaign has promoted working hour reorganization through multi-level advocacy efforts, although extended shifts remain common. We propose that extended shifts should be regarded as an occupational hazard under health and safety legislation. We suggest options for managing the risks of extended shifts by adapting the hierarchy of controls for occupational hazards. Despite the challenges reform pose, the practice of unregulated extended shifts should not continue.
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Ahn, Jinkook. "The Multilayeredness of Mobility and the Visual Art Language: The Material Turn, the Inequality in ‘Mobility Capital’, the Hierarchy in Mobility, and Art." Center for Asia and Diaspora 12, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 6–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15519/dcc.2022.08.12.2.6.
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This study explores what mobility means from the social science perspective and how it becomes a form of capital in todays modern highly mobile society. It also investigates how it appears in arts by analyzing the artworks in the exhibition titled To you: Move Toward Where You Are.
It seems that mobility characterized by complexity, hybridity, vitality, materiality, and assemblage is somehow part of the Material Turn. Transportation, capital, power, cities, refugees, migration, tourism, climate crisis, systems, infrastructure, control, surveillance, communications, gender, race, disability, and so on. These may seem heterogeneous multi-layered issues, but all these relate to uneven mobility. And mobility inequalities occur in the dynamics of their relations.
In the highly-mobile society where the fetishism of movement prevails, mobility becomes more uneven. When freedom, acceleration, convenience and safety increase, so does censorship, control and restriction. Gaining velocity, efficiency, convenience, and safety of movement can undermine the rights of others. We should envisage the hidden power relations under the rights of (im)mobility.
Characteristics of mobility and its inequalities directly and indirectly emerge in the artworks exhibited in To you: Move Toward Where You Are. We need to consider how mobility justice can be practiced against mobility inequalities in the hierarchy of mobility capital, uneven mobility, and mobility injustice. Art which thinks beyond thinking will provide new stimulus and imagination to the practice.
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Sun, Ming, Taosheng Li, Jie Yu, Daochuan Ge, Ying Bai, and Longlong Tao. "A New Reliability Allocation Method Based on PSA and AHP for Fusion Reactors." Energies 15, no. 13 (July 1, 2022): 4850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134850.
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Reasonable and feasible reliability index allocation is significant for improving safety and reducing costs for fusion reactors. Although the reliability index is allocated when designing some key systems, reliability allocation is not implemented from the overall layer to the system and component layers for fusion reactors. In this contribution, fusion reactors are divided into different layers by applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP); these layers include the overall layer, system layer and component layer, failure mode layer, etc. Combining the Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) model for fusion reactors and AHP, the reliability index is allocated from the overall layer to the system and component layer. Firstly, a new reliability index allocation method based on PSA and AHP for fusion reactors is proposed. Secondly, the PSA model for an in-vessel LOCA accident of fusion reactors is selected as a case study to demonstrate the applications of the proposed method. Lastly, the relationship between PSA, items safety classification and reliability allocation are discussed. The allocation results indicate that the proposed method provides a more systematic reliability allocation scheme and contributes to improving the safety and economy of fusion reactors.
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YE, LIEPING, and ZHE QU. "FAILURE MECHANISM AND ITS CONTROL OF BUILDING STRUCTURES UNDER EARTHQUAKES BASED ON STRUCTURAL SYSTEM CONCEPT." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 03, no. 04 (December 2009): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431109000627.
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By taking building structures as systems, the difference between the safety margins of a structure and that of its element is clarified and the robustness of the structure to resist unexpected disasters is discussed. The system concept is further used to introduce the concepts of importance levels and functionality levels in structural systems, the designability of structural systems is then pointed out. The local and global failure mechanisms of building structures under earthquake are summarized, and the failure mechanism control method is discussed based on the concepts of system and designability. For global failure mechanism, the desirable seismic performance is put forward, and at last some practical methods to control the seismic failure mechanism and the failure procedures are proposed based on the hierarchy concept of the structural system.
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Dankis, Novita Dewi Vebriyana, and Mulyono Mulyono. "RISK ASSESSMENT PERUSAHAAN EXPORT SEPATU PADA BAGIAN LINE UPPER PT. X." Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v4i1.2015.22-32.
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ABSTRACTRevolution in the industry sector has been rapidly grown to fill up all the needs of the consumer products. One involves supporting advanced machinery such as “Cutting, Skiving, Stitching, Emboss Logo, Roving, Punch Hole, Juki, BrushingEdge, Hammer Over Lapping and Two Molding”. In the factory production process, there are various types of high-risk activities, especially on line upper. The main of this research is to study the risk assessment on export companies line the upper part of the shoes export company using Job Safety Analysis. This research was conducted observational crosssectional design. Observations made to the hazards and control measures. Interviews were conducted to 12 employees. Variables in this research is production activity, hazard identification, risk assessment, risk control and residual risk. The results of hazard identification has been done, there are 91 known potential hazards, for risk assessment found 7 high risk and low risk 5. Machine classified as high risk on the risk assessment is roving machine, whereas low-risk is two molding machine. Control efforts on the upper line in accordance with the hierarchy of controlling a number of 91 controls, whereas for the residual risk still remains as much as 30 residual risk. Control has been applied quite well by pressing the consequences of hazards and risk management.Keywords: risk assessment, controlling, residual risk
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Bos, Kelly, Maarten J. van der Laan, and Dave A. Dongelmans. "Prioritising recommendations following analyses of adverse events in healthcare: a systematic review." BMJ Open Quality 9, no. 4 (October 2020): e000843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2019-000843.
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PurposeThe purpose of this systematic review was to identify an appropriate method—a user-friendly and validated method—that prioritises recommendations following analyses of adverse events (AEs) based on objective features.Data sourcesThe electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Library, PsycINFO (Ovid) and ERIC (Ovid) were searched.Study selectionStudies were considered eligible when reporting on methods to prioritise recommendations.Data extractionTwo teams of reviewers performed the data extraction which was defined prior to this phase.Results of data synthesisEleven methods were identified that are designed to prioritise recommendations. After completing the data extraction, none of the methods met all the predefined criteria. Nine methods were considered user-friendly. One study validated the developed method. Five methods prioritised recommendations based on objective features, not affected by personal opinion or knowledge and expected to be reproducible by different users.ConclusionThere are several methods available to prioritise recommendations following analyses of AEs. All these methods can be used to discuss and select recommendations for implementation. None of the methods is a user-friendly and validated method that prioritises recommendations based on objective features. Although there are possibilities to further improve their features, the ‘Typology of safety functions’ by de Dianous and Fiévez, and the ‘Hierarchy of hazard controls’ by McCaughan have the most potential to select high-quality recommendations as they have only a few clearly defined categories in a well-arranged ordinal sequence.
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Jabłoński, Marek, and Adam Jabłoński. "Shaping the Safety Culture of High Reliability Organizations through Digital Transformation." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 4, 2021): 4721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14164721.
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The aim of the article is to present key mechanisms for shaping the safety culture of high reliability organizations through digital transformation, which is now a key challenge for the entire global economy. It is particularly important in processes conducted by so-called high reliability organizations. From this cognitive perspective, it is important to define the place and role of digital transformation in shaping the safety culture of high reliability organizations. The comparison of the issues of the safety culture and digital transformation of high reliability organizations seems to be an important cognitive aspect resulting from technological progress in the area of the digital economy. The socio-technological system in which high reliability organizations exist is organized in such a way that all technical, operational and organizational aspects, including the participation of many entities involved in the operation of this complex system, are coherent. This coherence can be influenced by the digital transformation solutions that are implemented and used. The article used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Vester methods, which were used for research by railway undertakings operating on the Polish railway market, to solve the scientific problem. A ranking of specific issues responsible for building safety culture and the identification of factors that are important for the effectiveness of the process of shaping the expected safety culture was created.
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Sutrisno, Arfiansyah, Abdul Basith, and Nur Hadi Wijaya. "Analisis Strategi Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keamanan Pangan HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) di PT. Sierad Produce Tbk. Parung." Jurnal Manajemen dan Organisasi 4, no. 2 (July 18, 2016): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jmo.v4i2.12616.
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<p><em>Quality and safety food products problem was usually after thought in the food industry development issues, accordance with the consumer’s desirability that understand the importance of product quality and food safety. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) certification is one way for company to implementing food safety. Sierad Produce Corp. at this moment has obtained HACCP certificate to produce chicken carcasses.But the implementation need to be controlled, as the case of foodborne illness and foodborne disease can occur easily if not properly controlled. The main objective of this research is to develop the best strategy to implement HACCP and to maintain the food safety quality system at Sierad Produce Corp. </em><em>The information and data that has been collected within this research were covering both the primary and secondary data based on the date of September 2012 to December 2012. The methods used in this research are descriptive analysis, Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), External Factor Evaluation (EFE), Internal External (IE), Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat</em><em> (</em><em>SWOT)</em><em> and Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on this research, the best strategy for implementing HACCP and sustain the system on Sierad Produce are Critical Control Points (CCP) evaluation and improvement of production room.</em></p><p><em>Keywords: AHP analysis, chicken slaughterhouse, HACCP, sierad produce, strategy</em></p>
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Treeranurat, Wanit, and Suthathip Suanmali. "Determination of black spots by using accident equivalent number and upper control limit on rural roads of Thailand." Engineering Management in Production and Services 13, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/emj-2021-0031.
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Abstract The Department of Rural Roads (DRR) is one of the highway authorities in Thailand responsible for over 48 000 kilometres of rural roads and highway networks. One of its responsibilities is to provide better road safety management. In road safety procedures, black spots are usually identified by observing the frequency of accidents at a particular road section. This research aims to develop a model that includes levels of accident severity in the black spot identification process. The classification of severity levels includes fatalities, serious injuries, minor injuries, and damaged property only. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to derive the weight of each severity level. The identification model is developed using Equivalent Accident Number (EAN) and Upper Control Limit (UCL). The data applied in the model are obtained from the road accident investigation of DRR. Five roads — Nakhon Ratchasima 3052, Chonburi 1032, Nonthaburi 3021, Samutprakarn 2001 and Chiangmai 3029 — have been selected based on the top frequency accident recorded in the last three years. Based on the results of black spots identified in the study, most accidents occurred from frontal and rear-ended impacts due to exceeded speed limits. The article discusses recommendations.
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Shi, Wei. "Construction and Evaluation of College Students’ Psychological Quality Evaluation Model Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process." Journal of Sensors 2022 (July 21, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3896304.
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College students are a special group of society, having received university education and being at the forefront of new ideas and technologies in society. The basic psychological characteristics common to modern college students and the unique role psychological characteristics of ordinary students are the two major group factors. The basic psychological factors include cognition, personality, and social adaptive behavior. Hierarchical analysis (AHP) is a scientific method for assessing and identifying problems, correlating quantitative treatment of problems with qualitative analysis, and is well suited for semistructured or unstructured decision-making problems. This paper preliminarily studies the structure of College Students’ psychological quality under the background of localization and the construction method of College Students’ psychological quality evaluation model based on analytic hierarchy process. It is proposed to introduce the hierarchical analysis method into the behavioral assessment model of college students’ psychological disorders as the entry point. A model was built to help college ideological and political educators determine whether college students have psychological disorders and disorders provide important insights. The results showed that the split-half reliability of this constructed method was 0.782, and the retest reliability was 0. The standard deviation of the coefficients among all the test subjects was 0.842, indicating that there is a positive correlation between the coefficients. The standard deviation of the coefficients between all test subjects was 0.842, indicating good confidence. Therefore, the model can objectively assess the psychological state of college students and realize the quantitative safety psychological assessment of college students, which is useful for reference in the implementation of teaching decisions.
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Liao, Zirui, Shaoping Wang, Jian Shi, Dong Liu, and Rentong Chen. "Reliability-Oriented Configuration Optimization of More Electrical Control Systems." Aerospace 9, no. 2 (February 6, 2022): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9020085.
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More electrical vehicles adopt dissimilar redundant control systems with dissimilar power supplies and dissimilar actuators to achieve high reliability and safety, but this introduces more intricacy into the configuration design. Currently, it is difficult to identify the optimum configuration via the conventional trial-and-error approach within an acceptable timeframe. Hence, it is imperative to discover novel methods for the configuration design of more electrical vehicles. This paper introduced the design specification of more electric vehicles and investigated the contribution of different kinds of actuators, presenting a new multi-objective configuration optimization approach on the foundation of system reliability, weight, power, and cost. By adopting the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II), the Pareto optimization design set was obtained. Then, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was introduced to make a comprehensive decision on the schemes in the Pareto set and determine the optimal system configuration. Eventually, numerical results indicated that the reliability of our designed configuration increased by 5.89% and 55.34%, respectively, compared with dual redundancies and single redundancy configurations, which verified the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method.
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BONDARENKO, Anatoly M., Edward I. LIPKOVICH, and Lyudmila S. KACHANOVA. "Control of Technological Processes of Organic Fertilizers Application as a Tool to Ensure Food Safety." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 9, no. 1 (June 19, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v9.1(25).01.
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Food security of the state is based on the progressive development of the agrarian sector by improving the profitability of its branches. The growth of profitability of the crop sector is possible while building soil fertility by using organic fertilizers. The purpose of the study is to form the aspects of implementation and approaches to the control of the process of organic fertilizers application and to identify their economic substance as a theoretical base in the current conditions of organizational and economic development and management in the agricultural sector. In order to improve the production process management and use of organic fertilizers in the agrarian sector a hierarchical system of resource and product models to optimize production and transportation of organic fertilizers has been developed. The system of resource and product models gives an opportunity to create a strategy of accommodation the technological platforms for the processing organic waste, to optimize transport costs at different levels of the hierarchy of the system implementation, to form a set of measures to increase the level of providing agricultural areas with organics. All this tends to increase the profitability of the crop production branch. To substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed measures to improve the process control of organic fertilizers application divergent forecast scenarios, such as regulatory and extrapolatory (which is subdivided into extrapolatory-inertial and extrapolatory-integrational) have been developed, the consistency of the extrapolatory-integrational forecast scenario has been proved. The designed forecast scenarios are recommended for implementation at various levels of control of technological processes in the agricultural sector, from an economic entity to the state level, using a closed loop process control of the technological processes of production and use of organic fertilizers based on resource and product models.
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Mousavi, Seyed Mehdi, Milad Abbasi, Saeid Yazdanirad, Masourd Yazdanirad, and Elham Khatooni. "Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS method as a technique for prioritizing noise control solutions." Noise Control Engineering Journal 67, no. 6 (November 1, 2019): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1/376738.
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There are various solutions for noise control. One of the important issues is the choice of the most appropriate solution based on criteria. The aim of this study was to prioritize the noise control solutions using a fuzzy AHPâ–“TOPSIS method in the distillation unit of a refinery. At first, the sound pressure level was measured at the distillation unit and the main noise sources were identified. Then, ten control solutions and five prioritization criteria including efficiency, cost, safety, executive capability and non-interference in the process were selected according to the opinions of experts. In the next step, twenty experts were asked to compare criteria and solutions. Finally, criteria were weighted using the Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process and solutions were prioritized using technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution method. Criteria based on the importance in the noise control included efficiency (normal weight of 0.265), cost (normal weight of 0.234), safety (normal weight of 0.226), executive capability (normal weight of 0.202), and non-interference in the process (normal weight of 0.070). The personal enclosure (coefficient closeness index of 0.1475) and modification or change of process (coefficient closeness index of 0.0595) had the highest and lowest priorities at the noise control, respectively. Regarding criteria and operational conditions in the refinery, the use of a personal enclosure was selected as the first solution at the noise control. Fuzzy AHPâ–“TOPSIS method can also be used to prioritize control solutions in other industries.
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Maerani, Restu, Tulis Jojok Suryono, and Muhammad Subekti. "REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS OF COMPUTER-BASED INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR REAKTOR DAYA EKSPERIMENTAL." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI REAKTOR NUKLIR TRI DASA MEGA 21, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/tdm.2019.21.1.5312.
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Developing and licensing of digital Instrumentation and control (I&C) system for nuclear power plant (NPP) are challenging especially for the new construction since digital technology are composite with a very high complexity of many integrated systems. National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN), who design Reaktor Daya Eksperimental (RDE), should prepare the documents to meet the licensing requirements of national regulator in this case Nuclear Energy Regulatory Agency of Indonesia (BAPETEN). BAPETEN’s chairman regulation No.6 year of 2012 is the first national requirement which state requirements related to design of computer-based system concerning on safety of power reactor that should be followed. Since BAPETEN only denotes requirements without state which code and standards to be used, therefore BATAN can add references from International Nuclear Energy Agency (IAEA) guidelines. In this paper, requirement document traceability is developed to determine which code and standards should be used to verify and validate the I&C computer-based system of RDE. The hierarchy of regulatory and utility requirements are developed to guide the design basis documentation. Developing requirements analysis of computer-based I&C system RDE are completed after determining the design requirements from the utility and regulatory requirements. This methodology will help the design engineers to follow the utility requirements by concerning to the production, and follow the regulatory requirements concerning the safety aspect.Keywords: Computer-based system, I&C System, Requirements analysis, Licensing, RDE
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SENTIS, LUIS, and OUSSAMA KHATIB. "SYNTHESIS OF WHOLE-BODY BEHAVIORS THROUGH HIERARCHICAL CONTROL OF BEHAVIORAL PRIMITIVES." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 02, no. 04 (December 2005): 505–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843605000594.
Full textAbstract:
To synthesize whole-body behaviors interactively, multiple behavioral primitives need to be simultaneously controlled, including those that guarantee that the constraints imposed by the robot's structure and the external environment are satisfied. Behavioral primitives are entities for the control of various movement criteria, e.g. primitives describing the behavior of the center of gravity, the behaviors of the hands, legs, and head, the body attitude and posture, the constrained body parts such as joint-limits and contacts, etc. By aggregating multiple primitives, we synthesize whole-body behaviors. For safety and for efficient control, we establish a control hierarchy among behavioral primitives, which is exploited to establish control priorities among the different control categories, i.e. constraints, operational tasks, and postures. Constraints should always be guaranteed, while operational tasks should be accomplished without violating the acting constraints, and the posture should control the residual movement redundancy. In this paper, we will present a multi-level hierarchical control structure that allows the establishment of general priorities among behavioral primitives, and we will describe compliant control strategies for efficient control under contact interactions.