Relevant bibliographies by topics / Saharan desert

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Saharan desert'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Saharan desert"

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Nisantzi, A., R. E. Mamouri, A. Ansmann, G. L. Schuster, and D. G. Hadjimitsis. "Middle East versus Saharan dust extinction-to-backscatter ratios." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 4 (2015): 5203–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-5203-2015.

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Abstract. Four years (2010–2013) of observations with polarization lidar and sun/sky photometer at the combined European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) and Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) site of Limassol (34.7° N, 33° E), Cyprus, were used to compare extinction-to-backscatter ratios (lidar ratios) for desert dust from Middle East deserts and the Sahara. The complex data analysis scheme is presented. The quality of the retrieval is checked within a case study by comparing the results with respective Raman lidar solutions for particle backscatter, extinction, and lidar ratio. The applied combined lidar/photometer retrievals corroborate recent findings regarding the difference between Middle East and Saharan desert dust lidar ratios. We found values from 44–65 sr with a mean value of 52.7 sr for Saharan dust and from 35–46 sr with a mean value of 41.1 sr for Middle East dust. The presented data analysis, however, also demonstrates the difficulties in identifying the optical properties of dust even during outbreak situations in the presence of complex aerosol mixtures of desert dust, marine particles, fire smoke, and anthropogenic haze.
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Duncan, Clare, Daniela Kretz, Martin Wegmann, Thomas Rabeil, and Nathalie Pettorelli. "Oil in the Sahara: mapping anthropogenic threats to Saharan biodiversity from space." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369, no. 1643 (2014): 20130191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0191.

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Deserts are among the most poorly monitored and understood biomes in the world, with evidence suggesting that their biodiversity is declining fast. Oil exploration and exploitation can constitute an important threat to fragmented and remnant desert biodiversity, yet little is known about where and how intensively such developments are taking place. This lack of information hinders local efforts to adequately buffer and protect desert wildlife against encroachment from anthropogenic activity. Here, we investigate the use of freely available satellite imagery for the detection of features associated with oil exploration in the African Sahelo-Saharan region. We demonstrate how texture analyses combined with Landsat data can be employed to detect ground-validated exploration sites in Algeria and Niger. Our results show that site detection via supervised image classification and prediction is generally accurate. One surprising outcome of our analyses is the relatively high level of site omission errors in Niger (43%), which appears to be due to non-detection of potentially small-scale, temporary exploration activity: we believe the repeated implementation of our framework could reduce the severity of potential methodological limitations. Overall, our study provides a methodological basis for the mapping of anthropogenic threats associated with oil exploitation that can be conducted across desert regions.
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Lavaysse, Christophe. "Saharan desert warming." Nature Climate Change 5, no. 9 (2015): 807–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2773.

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MCDOUGALL, E. ANN. "RESEARCH IN SAHARAN HISTORY." Journal of African History 39, no. 3 (1998): 467–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853798007233.

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Desert Frontier: Ecological and Economic Change along the Western Sahel, 1600–1850. By JAMES L. A. WEBB JR. Madison and London: University of Wisconsin Press, 1995. Pp. xxvi+227. £40.95 (ISBN 0-299-14330-9); £17.95, paperback (ISBN 0-299-14334-1).In contrast to the desert itself, the Sahara as subject of historical (re)construction is currently displaying signs of health and vitality. It is enticing historians into a range of theoretical and methodological domains deriving from other disciplines, and simultaneously attracting scholars from other disciplines to play out their own explorations around its contours. For a space which seems to have no difficulty occupying well-delineated and identified areas in every genre of cartographical representation, the Sahara is surprisingly difficult to ‘locate’ in academic discourse. Its identity, in current parlance, is a popular focus of speculation and debate, challenging conventional notions of its location, both in time and in space. One of these challenges is engagingly articulated in the recent publication of economic historian James Webb Jr. His Desert Frontier: Ecological and Economic Change along the Western Sahel, 1600–1850, invites wider participation in this ‘search for the Sahara’ and in so doing, encourages broader understanding of just where ‘Saharan studies’ and in particular Saharan history and Saharan society stand in these so-called post-colonial times.
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PETTIGREW, ERIN. "THE HEART OF THE MATTER: INTERPRETING BLOODSUCKING ACCUSATIONS IN MAURITANIA." Journal of African History 57, no. 3 (2016): 417–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853716000323.

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AbstractThis article examines events involving accusations of bloodsucking in the southwestern Sahara. French colonial archives allow researchers to identify specific cases in time and location; however, this article seeks to address but then move beyond histories of colonial governance. To highlight how communities in the Saharan desert dealt with crises provoked by environmental and social change, this investigation also relies on locally-produced written legal opinions and oral testimony. Emerging from these Saharan sources is one facet of how desert communities envisioned the enchantment of their social worlds and understood difficult periods caused by famine, weak economies, and domestic tensions.
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Nisantzi, A., R. E. Mamouri, A. Ansmann, G. L. Schuster, and D. G. Hadjimitsis. "Middle East versus Saharan dust extinction-to-backscatter ratios." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 12 (2015): 7071–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7071-2015.

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Abstract. Four years (2010–2013) of observations with polarization lidar and sun/sky photometer at the combined European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) and Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) site of Limassol (34.7° N, 33° E), Cyprus, were used to compare extinction-to-backscatter ratios (lidar ratios) for desert dust from Middle East deserts and the Sahara. In an earlier article, we analyzed one case only and found comparably low lidar ratios < 40 sr for Middle East dust. The complex data analysis scheme is presented. The quality of the retrieval is checked within a case study by comparing the results with respective Raman lidar solutions for particle backscatter, extinction, and lidar ratio. The applied combined lidar/photometer retrievals corroborate recent findings regarding the difference between Middle East and Saharan dust lidar ratios. We found values from 43–65 sr with a mean (±standard deviation) of 53 ± 6 sr for Saharan dust and from 33–48 sr with a mean of 41 ± 4 sr for Middle East dust for the wavelength of 532 nm. The presented data analysis, however, also demonstrates the difficulties in identifying the optical properties of dust even during outbreak situations in the presence of complex aerosol mixtures of desert dust, marine particles, fire smoke, and anthropogenic haze.
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Tian, Chuyin, Guohe Huang, Chen Lu, Tangnyu Song, Yinghui Wu, and Ruixin Duan. "Northward Shifts of the Sahara Desert in Response to Twenty-First-Century Climate Change." Journal of Climate 36, no. 10 (2023): 3417–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-22-0169.1.

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Abstract The spatial extent of the Sahara (the largest nonpolar desert) has significant impacts on the livelihood of people residing in its surrounding areas. Despite the fact that climate change would foreseeably impact the location and size of the desert, its future responses (i.e., advance or retreat) are rarely explored in previous studies. Here, through the development of an ensemble Bayesian discriminant analysis approach, we use 10 of the latest high-resolution GCM (global climate model) simulations to document robust annual and seasonal responses of the Sahara Desert to twenty-first-century climate change, with the consideration of modeling uncertainties. We find northward shifts of the Sahara/Sahel and eastern expansion of the nondesert zone under both SSP2–4.5 and SSP5–8.5 scenarios, the former more pronounced in the wet season and the latter in the dry season. Countries located near the Mediterranean may thus experience higher risks of drought, while the projected retreat of the Saharan southern boundary will be beneficial to the local water availability of proximal countries. Significance Statement Given that sub-Saharan Africa is one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change, the Sahara’s expansion would bring unexpected health risks to billions of people. It is thus vital to understand its robust response to global warming. However, previous studies are merely focused on using a simple precipitation threshold as the definition criterion to estimate the varying size of the Sahara Desert. In addition, significant uncertainty in precipitation projections also limits relevant investigations of the Sahara’s future responses. Here, by developing an ensemble Bayesian discriminant analysis approach, we could provide an objective basis for desert identification under large intermodel uncertainty. Further, we find significant northward shifts of both the Sahara and the Sahel, which may induce higher risks of drought over the northwest of North Africa.
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Yeager, Daniel E., and Vernon R. Morris. "Distinguishing Saharan Dust Plume Sources in the Tropical Atlantic Using Elemental Indicators." Atmosphere 15, no. 5 (2024): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos15050554.

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The Sahara Desert is the largest contributor of global atmospheric dust aerosols impacting regional climate, health, and ecosystems. The climate effects of these dust aerosols remain uncertain due, in part, to climate model uncertainty of Saharan source region contributions and aerosol microphysical properties. This study distinguishes source region elemental signatures of Saharan dust aerosols sampled during the 2015 Aerosols Ocean Sciences Expedition (AEROSE) in the tropical Atlantic. During the 4-week campaign, cascade impactors size-dependently collected airborne Saharan dust particulate upon glass microfiber filters. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis differentiated metal isotope concentrations within filter samples from various AEROSE dust sampling periods. Back-trajectory analysis and NOAA satellite aerosol optical depth retrievals confirmed source regions of AEROSE ’15 dust samples. Pearson correlational statistics of source region activity and dust isotope concentrations distinguished the elemental signatures of North African potential source areas (PSAs). This study confirmed that elemental indicators of these PSAs remain detectable within dust samples collected far into the marine boundary layer of the tropical Atlantic. Changes detected in dust elemental indicators occurred on sub-weekly timescales across relatively small sampling distances along the 23W parallel of the tropical Atlantic. PSA-2 emissions, covering the western coast of the Sahara, were very strongly correlated (R2 > 0.79) with Ca-44 isotope ratios in AEROSE dust samples; PSA-2.5 emissions, covering eastern Mauritania and western Mali, were very strongly correlated with K-39 ratios; PSA-3 emissions, spanning southwestern Algeria and eastern Mali, were very strongly correlated with Fe-57 and Ti-48 ratios. The abundance of Ca isotopes from PSA-2 was attributed to calcite minerals from dry lakebeds and phosphorous mining activities in Western Sahara, based on source region analysis. The correlation between K isotope ratios and PSA-2.5 was a likely indicator of illite minerals near the El Djouf Desert region, according to corroboration with mineral mapping studies. Fe and Ti ratio correlations with PSA-3 observed in this study were likely indicators of iron and titanium oxides from Sahelian sources still detectable in Atlantic Ocean observations. The rapid changes in isotope chemistry found in AEROSE dust samples provide a unique marker of Saharan source regions and their relative contributions to desert outflows in the Atlantic. These elemental indicators provide source region apportionments of Sahara Desert aerosol flux and deposition into the Atlantic Ocean, as well as a basis for model and satellite validation of Saharan dust emissions for regional climate assessments.
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Tadjer, Sid Ahmed, Abdelhakim Idir, and Fathia Chekired. "Comparative performance evaluation of four photovoltaic technologies in saharan climates of Algeria: ghardaïa pilot station." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 18, no. 2 (2020): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i2.pp586-598.

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The aim of this paper is to present an evaluation of the performancerate of four different photovoltaic techniques in the Saharan environment. The purpose of this study is to investigate, analyse, discuss and illustrate the most effective of the different photovoltaic cell technologies (monocrystalline , amorphous silicon , poly-crystalline silicon and cadmium telluridethin film ) installed in Ghardaia which is located in southern of Algeria’s Sahara desert. In order to choose the most suitable technology in the Saharan climate conditions, the energy values produced by the plant were compared to those found by the PVSYST sizing software. The results show that thin-film and amorphous silicon panels produce low illumination, so they are the best choice for the Saharan environment.
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Mekki-Berrada, Abdelwahed. "‘Ayn mika: Traumatic experience, social invisibility, and emotional distress of sub-Saharan women with precarious status in Morocco." Transcultural Psychiatry 56, no. 6 (2018): 1170–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461518757798.

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Morocco has become a permanent transit country for tens of thousands of sub-Saharan migrants heading to Europe. Many of these migrants are women who have a precarious legal status and can no longer reach Europe, whose borders have been considerably securitized since September 11, 2001. They also have no wish to risk their lives again returning south across the Sahara Desert. This paper discusses the results of an exploratory research project conducted in Morocco on the relationships between the sub-Saharan migrant women’s traumatic experiences, social invisibility, and emotional distress in the context of a massive securitization of Euro-Mediterranean borders.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Saharan desert"

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Wenzel, Karin, Sigurd Schienbein, Peter Posse, and Wolfgang von Hoyningen-Huene. "Optische Eigenschaften von Wüstenaerosol." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-212827.

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Durch Messungen von spektraler optischer Dicke, Sonnenaureole und Himmelshelligkeit in Kombination mit den Programmen CIRATRA und BILANZ werden die optischen Eigenschaften von Sahara-Wüstenaerosol und dessen klimatische Wirkung unter Berücksichtigung der Nichtsphärizität der Aerosolpartikel untersucht<br>By combining measurements of spectral optical thickness, solar aureole and sky brightness with the programs CIRATRA and BILANZ the optical porperties of Saharan desert aerosol and its climatic effects are investigated, including a consideration of the Nonsphericity of the aerosol particles
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Vaks, Anton. "Quaternary paleoclimate of north-eastern boundary of the Saharan Desert reconstruction from speleothems of Negev Desert, Israel /." Jerusalem : Geological Survey of Israel, 2008. http://www.gsi.gov.il/Eng/_Uploads/252GSI-14-2008.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)-- Hebrew University, 2008.<br>Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on March 2010). At head of title : Ministry of national infrastructures, Geologocal survey of Israel. "This work was submitted for the degree "Doctor of Philosophy" to the Senate of the Hebrew University, Jerusalem."/T.P.
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Wenzel, Karin, Sigurd Schienbein, Peter Posse, and Wolfgang von Hoyningen-Huene. "Optische Eigenschaften von Wüstenaerosol." Universität Leipzig, 1996. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15042.

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Durch Messungen von spektraler optischer Dicke, Sonnenaureole und Himmelshelligkeit in Kombination mit den Programmen CIRATRA und BILANZ werden die optischen Eigenschaften von Sahara-Wüstenaerosol und dessen klimatische Wirkung unter Berücksichtigung der Nichtsphärizität der Aerosolpartikel untersucht.<br>By combining measurements of spectral optical thickness, solar aureole and sky brightness with the programs CIRATRA and BILANZ the optical porperties of Saharan desert aerosol and its climatic effects are investigated, including a consideration of the Nonsphericity of the aerosol particles.
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Louis, Justine. "Comportement des éléments biogéochimiques en Méditerranée à l'interface air-mer dans un contexte de changement climatique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066527/document.

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L'objectif de cette thèse a été d'évaluer l'effet biogéochimique de deux forçages : l'acidification de l'océan et les dépôts de poussières sahariennes. Dans un premier temps, nous avons montré que dans une région dite Low Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (LNLC) l'effet de l'acidification de l'océan sur les cycles marins de l'azote (N), du phosphore (P) et du fer (Fe) sera surement négligeable. L'acidification des eaux de surface appauvries en N et P n'affecterait pas la spéciation de ces éléments, et la composition de la communauté planctonique, n'étant pas significativement modifiée, n'induirait pas de changement dans la dynamique des nutriments inorganiques. Dans un deuxième temps, les expériences menées pendant cette thèse nous ont permis de mieux paramétriser les processus post-dépôts des nutriments atmosphériques à la surface de l'eau de mer lors d'un évènement saharien. Les échanges dissous/particulaire ont lieu sur une courte échelle de temps. Ils sont à la fois contrôlés par la dynamique verticale des particules et la nature de la matière organique dissoute (DOM) pouvant s'agréger sur les particules lithogéniques. Dans des conditions d'acidification de l'océan, alors que la dissolution des éléments anthropiques adsorbés sur les poussières sahariennes, tels que l'azote inorganique, ne sera pas affectée, celle des éléments d'origine crustale (P et Fe) pourrait être accrue ou accélérée selon les agrégats organique-minéral formés. Le rôle majeur du processus d'agrégation dans la mise à disposition des nutriments atmosphériques a été mis en évidence par une rapide et importante formation abiotique de particules exopolymériques transparentes juste après le dépôt de poussières<br>The objective of this thesis was to assess the biogeochemical effect of two forcings: the ocean acidification and the dust deposition. Firstly, we showed that in the Low Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (LNLC) area the effect of the ocean acidification on the marine cycle of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) will be likely negligible. The pH decrease of the surface waters depleted in N and P would not affect the speciation of these elements, and the absence of effect on the composition of the plankton community would not lead to a shift in the dynamic of inorganic nutrients. Secondly, the experiments performed during this thesis allowed a better parametrization of the post-depositional processes of atmospheric nutrients in the surface seawater after a Saharan event. The exchanges dissolved/particulate occurred in the short timescale. They were controlled by both the particles dynamic and the nature of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) that can aggregate with the lithogenic particles. Under ocean acidification conditions, while the dissolution of anthropogenic elements adsorbed onto dust, such as the inorganic nitrogen, will not be affected, the dissolution of the crustal elements (P and Fe) could be higher and faster according the formation of organic-dust aggregates. The major role of the aggregation process on the availability of atmospheric nutrients was highlighted by the rapid and large abiotic formation of transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) following the dust deposition to the surface waters
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Louis, Justine. "Comportement des éléments biogéochimiques en Méditerranée à l'interface air-mer dans un contexte de changement climatique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066527.

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L'objectif de cette thèse a été d'évaluer l'effet biogéochimique de deux forçages : l'acidification de l'océan et les dépôts de poussières sahariennes. Dans un premier temps, nous avons montré que dans une région dite Low Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (LNLC) l'effet de l'acidification de l'océan sur les cycles marins de l'azote (N), du phosphore (P) et du fer (Fe) sera surement négligeable. L'acidification des eaux de surface appauvries en N et P n'affecterait pas la spéciation de ces éléments, et la composition de la communauté planctonique, n'étant pas significativement modifiée, n'induirait pas de changement dans la dynamique des nutriments inorganiques. Dans un deuxième temps, les expériences menées pendant cette thèse nous ont permis de mieux paramétriser les processus post-dépôts des nutriments atmosphériques à la surface de l'eau de mer lors d'un évènement saharien. Les échanges dissous/particulaire ont lieu sur une courte échelle de temps. Ils sont à la fois contrôlés par la dynamique verticale des particules et la nature de la matière organique dissoute (DOM) pouvant s'agréger sur les particules lithogéniques. Dans des conditions d'acidification de l'océan, alors que la dissolution des éléments anthropiques adsorbés sur les poussières sahariennes, tels que l'azote inorganique, ne sera pas affectée, celle des éléments d'origine crustale (P et Fe) pourrait être accrue ou accélérée selon les agrégats organique-minéral formés. Le rôle majeur du processus d'agrégation dans la mise à disposition des nutriments atmosphériques a été mis en évidence par une rapide et importante formation abiotique de particules exopolymériques transparentes juste après le dépôt de poussières<br>The objective of this thesis was to assess the biogeochemical effect of two forcings: the ocean acidification and the dust deposition. Firstly, we showed that in the Low Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (LNLC) area the effect of the ocean acidification on the marine cycle of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) will be likely negligible. The pH decrease of the surface waters depleted in N and P would not affect the speciation of these elements, and the absence of effect on the composition of the plankton community would not lead to a shift in the dynamic of inorganic nutrients. Secondly, the experiments performed during this thesis allowed a better parametrization of the post-depositional processes of atmospheric nutrients in the surface seawater after a Saharan event. The exchanges dissolved/particulate occurred in the short timescale. They were controlled by both the particles dynamic and the nature of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) that can aggregate with the lithogenic particles. Under ocean acidification conditions, while the dissolution of anthropogenic elements adsorbed onto dust, such as the inorganic nitrogen, will not be affected, the dissolution of the crustal elements (P and Fe) could be higher and faster according the formation of organic-dust aggregates. The major role of the aggregation process on the availability of atmospheric nutrients was highlighted by the rapid and large abiotic formation of transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) following the dust deposition to the surface waters
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Sherzad, Mohammed Ihsan. "Built form and aeolian sand deposits in the Algerian Sahara." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308950.

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Thiry, Jacques. "Le Sahara libyen dans l'Afrique du Nord du VIIe au XIVe siècle d'après les textes arabes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213382.

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Cardoso, Eduardo Henrique Chaves. "Perfis de núcleos de gelo durante eventos de poeira do Sahara por combinação de técnicas de deteção remota ativa e passiva." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/26883.

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Nesta dissertação, analisam-se perfis de retrodispersão, despolarização e núcleos de gelo, durante eventos de poeira, em diferentes condições de temperatura e diferentes quanti-dade de aerossol. Utilizam-se medidas de despolarização LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging), e utiliza-se um método computacional de vanguarda, o POLIPHON (POlarization-Lidar PHOto-meter Networking). Começa-se por fazer uma revisão de conceitos relacionados com a radiação solar, e uma descrição das interações entre os aerossóis e a radiação e as nuvens, bem como da tecnologia aplicada para o presente estudo, do funcionamento de um sistema lidar. Avalia-se um evento de poeiras, que afetou grande parte da Península Ibérica. Determinam-se perfis de núcleos de gelo, e simulam-se os efeitos nesses perfis, se as temperaturas fossem consideravelmente infe-riores. Nas conclusões, são analisados alguns dos resultados e é feita uma análise sobre quais seriam os efeitos sobre a formação de nuvens, considerando as prováveis alterações climáticas; Abstract: In this dissertation, profiles of backscatter, depolarization ratios and ice nuclei are analyzed during dust events at different temperature conditions and different amounts of aerosol. Measurements of LIDAR (LIght Detection and Ranging) depolarization were used along with a state-of-the-art computational method, POLIPHON (POlarization-Lidar PHOtometer Networking). It begins with a review of concepts related to solar radiation, and a description of the interactions aerosol-radiation and aerosol-clouds, as well as the technology applied to the present study, of the functioning of a LIDAR system. An event of dust that affected great part of the Iberian Peninsula is analyzed. Ice nuclei profiles are determined, and the effects on these profiles are simulated if temperatures are considerably lower. As a conclusion, some of the results are studied and an analysis of the effects on the formation of clouds, considering the probable climate changes is made.
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Cavazos, Guerra C. d. C. "Modelling the atmospheric controls and climate impact of mineral dust in the Sahara Desert." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1322565/.

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Mineral dust aerosols play an important role in climate and the Earth's energy budget. The effect of dust on the radiative forcing is uncertain due to the complexity of particle properties and the complexity to quantify and discriminate preferential dust sources. This research considers the potential of two Regional Climate Models (RCM’s): The Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF-Chem) and the Regional Climate Model (RegCM3) both with an integrated dust module. Numerical sensitivity experiments are performed to quantify the ability of both models to simulate sources, the magnitude of dust emission, the transport in 3-dimensions and the subsequent impact on the radiative forcing. Particular emphasis is given to preferential source regions within the Sahara and Sahel in North Africa including the Bodélé Depression in Northern Chad. To account for the distribution of preferential dust source regions, soil texture characteristics were modified in dust source regions in RegCM3. As for WRF-Chem GOCART scheme, a new higher resolution erodible fraction map is tested. Moreover, the sensitivity of the results to the specification of aerosol optical properties to evaluate the impacts of optical characteristics on the radiative forcing was considered for the RegCM3. Finally, model outputs are compared to in-situ data: weather stations (WMO) and AERONET and satellite estimates: MODIS, MISR, OMI, CALIPSO and SEVIRI. Results show that both models represent the space/time structure of near-surface meteorology well. The tuning of preferential dust sources tested in this research provides a more realistic representation of local dust sources, emissions and resulting AOT. This suggest that in the absence of truly accurate soil maps at high resolution, further refinements to preferential sources map and its implementation in dust models can lead to useful improvements in simulation of dust processes and dust forecast accuracy.
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Leroy, Sophie Louise Jeanne. "Encountering the Sahara : French literary geographies and visual representations of the nineteenth-century desert." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.702178.

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Following Napoleon's invasion of Egypt in 1798, the deserts of North Africa - and the Sahara in particular -' became a major landscape of the nineteenth-century French geographical imagination. Central to imperial conquest and colonial expansion, the Sahara inspired military missions, travel expeditions, and encyclopaedic surveys, as well as literature and paintings. Drawing on literary and visual theory, human geography, cultural history, and philosophy, my thesis explores representations of the Saharan desert in a selection of nineteenth-century French texts and images. My corpus ranges from the Description de l'Egypte (1809-29) to Eugene Daumas' military journal, Le Sahara algerien (1845), and from Maxime Du Camp's travel writing and photographs to Eugene Fromentin's Algerian narratives (ca. 1857-59) and Isabelle Eberhardt's autobiographical writings (ca. 1899-1904). In bringing together this hybrid corpus, I examine different cultural formations and discursive conceptions of landscape: landscape as an empirical field of research and landscape as a projection of cultural ideas and ideologies. I explore several interrelated questions. How might attention to the poetics of French colonial literature open up fresh readings of the cultural constructions of North African landscapes in the nineteenth century? What happens to the notion of 'imagined geographies' when material experiences of embodied proximity with other landscapes and peoples are carefully analyzed? And, how might these reflections provide new and alternative ways of understanding and interpreting 'encounters' with North African landscapes outside of traditional critical narratives of domination and colonialism? This attention to landscape complicates straightforward interpretations of the Sahara as a 'backdrop' or 'setting' for colonial exploration. Instead, the environmental specificity of the desert is . shown to trouble and subvert the ambitions of totalizing European projects, exposing the limitations of Orientalism and its binary structures (East and West, Self and Other, proximity and distance), which occlude, more than they explain, the complexity of France's multiple encounters with the Sahara.
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Books on the topic "Saharan desert"

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C, Abosi Okechukwu, ed. South of the desert: A teacher guide to child development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Unisa Press, 2006.

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Sahara Desert. AV2 by Weigl, 2014.

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Franchino, Vicky. Sahara Desert. Cherry Lake Publishing, 2016.

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Mortimore, Michael. Roots in the African dust: Sustaining the sub-Saharan drylands. Cambridge University Press, 1998.

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Catalisano, Adelaide. The Sahara Desert. Raintree Publishers, 1989.

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Durou, Jean-Marc. Sahara: Magic desert. Arpel Graphics, 1986.

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The Sahara Desert. Weigl Publishers, 2004.

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The Sahara Desert. Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2009.

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Weintraub, Aileen. The Sahara desert: The biggest desert. PowerKids Press, 2001.

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The Sahara Desert Angel. iUniverse, Inc., 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Saharan desert"

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Williams, Martin. "Expeditions to the Libyan Desert (1962–1963)." In Nile Waters, Saharan Sands. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25445-6_4.

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Abotalib, Abotalib Z., and Essam Heggy. "Groundwater Mounding in Fractured Fossil Aquifers in the Saharan-Arabian Desert." In Advances in Sustainable and Environmental Hydrology, Hydrogeology, Hydrochemistry and Water Resources. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01572-5_84.

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Porto de Oliveira, Osmany. "Sowing Democratic Seeds in the Desert: The Diffusion of PB in Sub-Saharan Africa." In International Policy Diffusion and Participatory Budgeting. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43337-0_7.

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Pliez, Oliver. "Desert City Landscapes: At the Crossroads of Urbanization, Agricultural Intensification, and Trans-Saharan Connections." In World Geomorphological Landscapes. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47160-5_19.

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Bubenzer, Olaf, Andreas Bolten, and Heiko Riemer. "In Search of the Optimal Path to Cross the Desert: Geoarchaeology Traces Old Trans-Saharan Routes." In Natural Science in Archaeology. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25316-9_9.

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Riemer, Heiko, and Karin Kindermann. "Eastern Saharan Prehistory during the 9th to 5th Millennium BC: The View from the ‘Libyan Desert’." In Handbook of Ancient Nubia, edited by Dietrich Raue. De Gruyter, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110420388-010.

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Chester, R., S. Keyse, and M. Nimmo. "The Influence of Saharan and Middle Eastern Desert-Derived Dust on the Trace Metal Composition of Mediterranean Aerosols and Rainwaters: An Overview." In Environmental Science and Technology Library. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3354-0_26.

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Aleksander Kozera, Cyprian, and Błażej Popławski. "Building Sandcastles in the Desert?" In Conflict and Peace in Western Sahara. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003284895-12.

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Gardner, Anne-Marie. "Western Sahara: Deserted Standards?" In Democratic Governance and Non-State Actors. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230117600_5.

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Prasad, Sushma, and Jörg F. W. Negendank. "Holocene Palaeoclimate in the Saharo—Arabian Desert." In The Climate in Historical Times. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10313-5_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Saharan desert"

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Kabir, Amin S., Nimmi C. P. Sharma, Seth Gagnon, Marcus Alcantara-Silva, George Odhiambo, and John E. Barnes. "Detection of Aerosols in the Bahamas during Saharan Dust Transport Times with a Laser and a CCD Imager." In Optics and Photonics for Sensing the Environment. Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/es.2022.em2d.5.

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A bistatic lidar system, comprising a continuous wave laser transmitter and a digital CCD camera detector, was used to detect suspended particulates over the Bahamas during times of active dust transport from the Sahara Desert.
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Wissler, Eugene H. "Whole-Body Human Thermal Modeling, an Alternative to Immersion in Cold Water and Other Unpleasant Endeavors." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-23340.

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The human thermal regulatory system is remarkable. It allows humans to live under environmental temperatures that range from −45 °C in Arctic regions to + 50 °C in the Saharan desert, while maintaining the temperature of critical organs within ± 1 °C of 37 °C, without employing heating and cooling systems that we now take for granted. Of course, that requires building suitable shelters and wearing appropriate clothing, but it is still quite remarkable.
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Kumar, Ravi. "US-China Trade War: Impact on Sustainable Development in Developing Nations with particular reference to South Asia." In 7th GoGreen Summit 2021. Technoarete, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/978-93-92106-02-6.10.

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The ongoing trade war between the U.S. and China has devastating effects on the developing nations. The trade war is nothing but damaging another country's trade by imposing tariffs and trade barriers on other goods. The impact of this trade war is more intensive to the economy of those nations that are all more integrated with the global economy. The developing countries are most affected by this ongoing trade war between the U.S. and China. Its effects are not only limited to the economic slowdown, but at the same time, it hampers the environment a lot. The trade war is affecting the forest reserve of the amazon basin and the sub-Saharan desert, which is known as the lung of earth. At the same time, excessive industrialization causes wide-scale deforestation and desertification in developing and developed countries due to the rise of carbon. This study mainly focuses on the US-China trade war and its impact on the economies of the developing nations with the particular reference of south Asian countries. Meanwhile, this research work will also analyze its adverse effects on the environment.
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Wang, Ruifeng, Yi Xiaoling, and Yuan Xintao. "Successful Application of Clusterization Development Strategy for Small and Scattered Fields." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2560556-ms.

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ABSTRACT This paper demonstrates an innovative clusterization approach to define development strategy for small and scattered fields in T Basin, which is located in landlocked central Africa. As a rifted basin, T basin is around 250 km long and 80 km wide under sub-Saharan desert environment. The operator started exploration in 2008 and had discovered over 40 oil fields scattered over the whole basin but with limited size. 30 small oilfields occupy only 20% of total OOIP. Therefore the discovered fields in T basin belong to small and scattered fields. To realize fast track development in landlocked desert and achieve economic robustness meanwhile is the huge challenge for the operator. Clusterization development strategy had been put forward to realize integrated asset development. Clusterization is to define several oil field clusters based on the criteria of adjacency, reservoir characteristics etc. Each oil field cluster should have one and/or two relatively bigger oil field as the central fields. Satellite fields are grouped into adjacent central fields thus forming oil field clusters. The whole basin development optimization could be carried out on a two-tier level: 1) for the intra cluster level, central fields will be commissioned first and satellite fields could be ranked to substitute production plateau, satellite fields facilities could be skid-mounted and shared among satellite fields to reduce Capx. 2) for the oilfield cluster level, clusters could be ranked according to criteria of OOIP scale, productivity projection and commissioning complexity. Relatively concentrated oilfield clusters could be prioritized to arrive at long term production projection. The remaining clusters could serve as plateau maintenance purpose afterwards. Five oilfield clusters had been defined under the guidance of clusterization strategy. Three oilfield clusters had been recommended for Phase I production after optimization on the inter-cluster and intra-cluster level. 60 KBOPD of productivity with longer plateau is expected from clusterization development with convincing economical parameters, which fully satisfy the requirement of long distance pipeline. This paper had proposed an innovative clusterization approach to define development strategy for small and scattered oilfields in a landlocked basin. The two-tier optimization process inherent in the clusterization approach could be of strong reference value to similar marginal blocks and basins.
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Todd, Steven Daniel. "Coping with the Extremes of the Sahara Desert." In SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Health, Safety, Security, Environment, and Social Responsibility. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/190664-ms.

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Shaeb, G. M., and M. T. Olanson. "Drilling And Producing a Horizontal Well In Sahara Desert." In Annual Technical Meeting. Petroleum Society of Canada, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/95-59.

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Kherici, Zoubida, Hocine Cheghib, Nabil Kahoul, Mohamed Youness, Belhadj Chekal Affari, and Tarek Hazem. "Failure modes of standard photovoltaic modules in Sahara Desert." In 2020 11th International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irec48820.2020.9310409.

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Chernov, Alexey V. "SOME FEATURES OF THE ARID RELIEF (FOR EXAMPLE, THE SAHARA DESERT AND THE IRANIAN HIGHLANDS)." In Treshnikov readings – 2022 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-88-4-2022-247-252.

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the relief of the extraarid zone of the central Sahara and the arid zone of the Iranian Highlands is analyzed. In the Sahara, the Tassilin-Ajer plateau is being studied, which is divided into three landscapegeomorphological regions – Western, Central and Eastern. Within their limits, the relief and geomorphological processes differ markedly from each other. In the Iranian Highlands, various Aeolian and Aeolian-erosive landforms lying to the west and east of the Kuhbentan ridge are considered. A distinctive feature of the entire relief formation in these regions is the complete absence of the vegetation factor; this gives the arid relief a very specific look.
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Aldali, Y., D. Henderson, and T. Muneer. "Prospects for Large-Scale Solar Thermal Electricity Generation From the Libyan Desert: Technical Feasibility." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90007.

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The Great Sahara desert covers the entire range of Libyan longitude 11° 44′ to 23° 58′ E and a latitude range of 24° 17′ through to 30° 31′N, thus covering an area of 1,750,000 sq km and 88% of this land is desert. The authors have measured hourly solar radiation at Kufra oasis (24° 17′N, 23° 15′E) within the Libyan Desert and found it to be a most reliable and consistent energy resource — the rain fall averages a few mm every 30 years. With no cloud cover throughout the year, the measured noon clearness-index often exceeding 0.84 and availability of large volumes of potable water from underground aquifers, large-scale electrical generation warrants a serious feasibility study. This article presents the technical feasibility for Cylindrical Parabolic Concentrator (CPC) thermal energy conversion.
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Zniber, Imane, Hassan Boukcim, Lahsen Khabar, et al. "Characterization of Desert Truffles in the Great Moroccan Sahara: A Review." In LAFOBA2. MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022016055.

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Reports on the topic "Saharan desert"

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Kazembe, Cynthia, ed. The gap between technology awareness and adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa: A literature review for the DeSIRA project. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134301.

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Sparrow, Kent, and Sandra LeGrand. Establishing a series of dust event case studies for North Africa. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46445.

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Dust aerosols often create hazardous air quality conditions that affect human health, visibility, agriculture, and communication in various parts of the world. While substantial progress has been made in dust-event simulation and hazard mitigation over the last several decades, accurately forecasting the spatial and temporal variability of dust emissions continues to be a challenge. This report documents an analysis of atmospheric conditions for a series of dust events in North Africa. The researchers highlight four analyzed events that occurred between January 2016 to present in the following locations: (1) the western Sahara Desert; (2) East Algeria and the Iberian Peninsula; (3) Chad-Bodélé Depression; (4) Algeria and Morocco. For each event, the researchers developed an overview of the general synoptic, mesoscale, and local environmental forcing conditions that controlled the event evolution and used a combination of available lidar data, surface weather observations, upper-air soundings, aerosol optical depth, and satellite imagery to characterize the dust conditions. These assessments will support downstream forecast model evaluation and sensitivity testing; however, the researchers also encourage broader use of these assessments as reference case studies for dust transport, air quality modeling, remote sensing, soil erosion, and land management research applications.
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Akua Anyidoho, Nana, Max Gallien, Mike Rogan, and Vanessa van den Boogaard. Mobile Money Taxation and Informal Workers: Evidence from Ghana’s E-Levy. Institute of Development Studies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.012.

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The use of digital financial services, including money transfers and mobile money, have expanded widely in lower-income countries in the past decade; 47 per cent of the population of sub-Saharan Africa (548 million) had a registered mobile money account in 2020, with 29 per cent of those accounts representing active users (Andersson-Manjang and Naghavi 2021: 8). Among lower-income countries for which data is available, the average number of mobile money accounts is more than double the number of commercial bank accounts. In many lower-middle-income countries, mobile money usage is the same or more than commercial bank usage (Bazarbash et al. 2020). Alongside this growth, governments have increasingly sought to tax DFS, rooted in deeper discussions about the role that technology can play in increasing tax revenue and strengthening overall state capacity (Fan et al. 2020; Okunogbe and Santoro 2021). While capturing revenue from DFS can come from many sources, mobile money taxes in particular have often been introduced due to the untapped revenue potential and the relatively convenient and easy nature of the tax handle (Lees and Akol 2021a) – particularly in relation to, say, corporate income taxes on financial service providers. As noted above, the search for revenue is often closely linked to a desire to capture revenue from workers in the informal economy, who are often framed as tax evaders.
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Community-based AIDS prevention and care in Africa—Dissemination of Phase I findings: Report of five national workshops. Population Council, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv1995.1000.

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Given the constraints faced by the health care infrastructure in responding to the AIDS crisis in sub-Saharan Africa, and the limitations of traditional educational approaches in motivating people to modify their sexual behavior within the African context, community-based efforts at AIDS prevention, and care of those affected, are the first lines of defense against the disease. Thus, they deserve greater scrutiny, to learn from the experiences and to continue and expand their efforts. The “Community-Based AIDS Prevention and Care in Africa: Building on Local Initiatives” project is being carried out by the Population Council with support from Glaxo Wellcome. The project, which integrates HIV/AIDS prevention and care activities at the community level, focuses on five countries in East and Southern Africa (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe). The first phase identified essential components that make community-based efforts successful. The second phase includes dissemination of findings from Phase I in the five participating countries, developing and implementing action-oriented research activities to strengthen the client-support capabilities of selected local initiatives, and reporting research results. This document is a report on the implementation of the first activity under Phase II.
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