Journal articles: 'Saint Lucia'

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Bos, R., M. Février, and A. B. Knudsen. "Saint Lucia revisited." Parasitology Today 4, no. 10 (October 1988): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-4758(88)90029-4.

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Mortensen, Jennifer L., Matthew N. Morton, Pius Haynes, John Tschirky, Marie-Louise Felix, and J. Michael Reed. "Current status of the Endangered White-breasted Thrasher (<em>Ramphocinclus brachyurus</em>), a dry forest songbird endemic to Saint Lucia and Martinique." Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 30, no. 1 (December 16, 2017): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.55431/jco.2017.30(1).39-48.

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Abstract: The Eastern Caribbean islands of Martinique and Saint Lucia are home to the Endangered White-breasted Thrasher (Ramphocinclus brachyurus brachyurus in Martinique and R. b. sanctaeluciae in Saint Lucia). This species is among the most threatened of Caribbean birds, with fewer than 1,500 individuals range-wide. Here we review current research on its distribution, demography, behavior, and population size, as well as ongoing threats and conservation work. The thrasher is restricted to three areas of dry forest within its two-island extent: the Caravelle Peninsula in Martinique, and its Saint Lucia Iyanola and Mandelé ranges. On both islands, the species was once more widespread and abundant than it is today, though by the early 20th century, it was described as “a very rare bird” by the ornithologist James Bond. The Saint Lucia Mandelé range, discovered in the mid-1990s, now holds the largest extant population for the species, supporting almost 75% of the global population. Recent extensive fieldwork in this range established that the thrasher has relatively low nesting success and high adult survival, a pattern seen in many tropical birds. This work also documented the unusual breeding behavior of the species, cooperative breeding, whereby some individuals delay dispersal and breeding to help raise non-descendant kin. A likely consequence of this behavior is short dispersal distances; for example, there is no evidence that individuals move between islands or between the two ranges in Saint Lucia that are separated by only 3 km. A lack of gene flow has consequences for conservation planning and for species limits reassessment. The greatest threats to the White-breasted Thrasher are habitat loss and fragmentation, habitat degradation, and pressure from non-native mammalian predators. This first threat is the most acute in Saint Lucia, where there is a lack of protected habitat and ongoing habitat loss, and the last is the most acute in Martinique, where 50% of the species’ range has been formally protected since the 1970s. These threats recently motivated the creation of the first conservation plan for the Saint Lucia subspecies. Keywords: Caribbean, habitat loss, island, Ramphocinclus brachyurus, threatened species, tropical birds, White-breasted Thrasher Resumen: Estado actual de Ramphocinclus brachyurus, paseriforme endémico y En Peligro del bosque seco de Santa Lucia y Martinica—Las islas de Martinica y Santa Lucia, del Caribe Oriental, son el hogar del ave En Peligro Ramphocinclus brachyurus (R. b. brachyurus en Martinica y R. b. sanctaeluciae en Santa Lucia). Esta especie está entre las más amenazadas de las aves caribeñas, con menos de 1.500 individuos en todo su rango de distribución. Revisamos las investigaciones actuales que existen sobre su distribución, demografía, conducta y tamaño poblacional, así como las amenazas actuales y el trabajo de conservación. Esta especie está restringida a tres áreas de bosque seco dentro de su rango de distribución en las dos islas: la península de Caravelle en Martinica y las regiones de Iyanola y Mandelé en Santa Lucia. En ambas islas, la especie fue más abundante y tuvo una distribución más amplia que la que se conoce hoy en día; aunque a principios del siglo 20, el ornitólogo James Bond la describió como “un ave muy rara”. La region de Mandelé en Santa Lucia, descubierta a mediados de los 90, contiene actualmente la población más grande de esta especie, soportando casi el 75% del estimado global. Un amplio y reciente trabajo de campo en esta zona comprobó que esta especie tiene un éxito de nidificación relativamente bajo y una alta supervivencia adulta, un patrón visto en muchas especies de aves tropicales. Este trabajo también documentó la inusual conducta de cría de esta especie, la cría cooperativa, donde algunos individuos demoran la dispersión y la cría para ayudar en la cría de descendientes no emparentados. Una probable consecuencia de esta conducta son distancias de dispersión cortas; por ejemplo, no existe evidencia de que los individuos se muevan entre islas o entre las dos regiones de Santa Lucia que están separadas por sólo 3 km. La ausencia de flujo genético tiene consecuencias para los planes de conservación y la revaluación de los límites para esta especie. Las mayores amenazas para el Ramphocinclus brachyurus son la pérdida de hábitat, la fragmentación y ladegradación del hábitat y la presión por parte de mamíferos depredadores no nativos. La primera amenaza es la más grave en Santa Lucia, donde hay una falta de hábitat protegido y una constante pérdida de hábitat; y la más grave en Martinica es la última, donde el 50% del rango de distribución de la especie ha sido protegido formalmente desde la década de los 70. Estas amenazas motivaron recientemente la creación del primer plan de conservación para la subespecie de Santa Lucia. Palabras clave: aves tropicales, Caribe, especie amenazada, isla, pérdida de hábitat, Ramphocinclus brachyurus Résumé: Situation actuelle du Moqueur gorge-blanche (Ramphocinclus brachyurus), espèce En danger endémique des forêts sèches de Sainte-Lucie et de la Martinique—Les îles de la Martinique et de Sainte-Lucie dans l’est de la Caraïbe abritent une espèce En danger, le Moqueur gorge-blanche (Ramphocinclus brachyurus brachyurus en Martinique et R. b. sanctaeluciae à Sainte-Lucie). Cette espèce est parmi les oiseaux caribéens les plus menacés, avec moins de 1.500 individus dans l’ensemble de son aire de répartition mondiale. Nous examinons ici les recherches actuelles sur la répartition, la démographie, le comportement et la taille de la population, ainsi que les menaces actuelles et les travaux de conservation en cours. Le Moqueur gorge-blanche est limité à trois zones de forêt sèche sur les deux îles : la péninsule de la Caravelle en Martinique et les zones de Iyanola et de Mandelé à Sainte-Lucie. L'espèce a été autrefois plus répandue et plus abondante sur les deux îles qu’elle ne l’est aujourd’hui, mais au début du XXe siècle, elle était décrite comme « un oiseau très rare » par l’ornithologue James Bond. Son occupation de la zone de Mandelé à Sainte-Lucie, découverte au milieu des années 1990, comprend actuellement la plus grande population existante, avec près de 75% de la population mondiale. Le travail de terrain mené récemment sur cette zone a montré que le Moqueur gorge-blanche présente un succès de reproduction relativement bas et une survie élevée des adultes, un schéma observé chez de nombreux oiseaux tropicaux. Ce travail a également documenté le comportement de reproduction inhabituel de l’espèce, l’élevage coopératif, dans lequel certains individus retardent leur dispersion et leur reproduction pour aider à l’élevage de jeunes qui ne sont pas leurs descendants. Une conséquence probable de ce comportement est la faible distance de dispersion ; il n’y a actuellement aucune preuve que les individus se déplacent entre les îles ou entre les deux zones d’occupation à Sainte-Lucie, qui ne sont séparées que de 3 km. L’absence de flux génétique a des conséquences pour la planification de la conservation et pour la réévaluation des limites de l’espèce. Les plus fortes menaces pesant sur le Moqueur gorge-blanche sont d’une part la perte, la fragmentation et la dégradation de ses habitats et d’autre part la pression des mammifères prédateurs non indigènes. Cette première menace est la plus grave à Sainte-Lucie où il y a actuellement un manque de protection et une perte de ses habitats, et la seconde est la plus sévère en Martinique où 50% de l’aire de répartition de l’espèce est formellement protégée depuis les années 1970. Ces menaces ont récemment motivé la création du premier plan de conservation de la sous-espèce de Sainte-Lucie. Mots clés: Caraïbe, espèces menacées, île, Moqueur gorge-blanche, oiseaux tropicaux, perte d’habitat, Ramphocinclus brachyurus

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Gibbs, Jason, Amber Bass, and Katherine Morgan. "Habralictus and Lasioglossum of Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Lesser Antilles (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Halictidae)." ZooKeys 1089 (March 18, 2022): 125–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1089.72645.

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The new species and the first halictid bees documented from Saint Lucia Habralictus reinae, Lasioglossum (Dialictus) luciae, and L. (Habralictellus) delphiae are described. A fourth species, L. (D.) dominicense, is tentatively recorded from the island. The species are illustrated and compared to similar ones from the Lesser Antilles. Lasioglossum and Habralictus from neighbouring Saint Vincent and the Grenadines are reviewed and a key to Lasioglossum provided, including the description of another new species, L. (Dialictus) gemmeum. Trigona nigrocyanea Ashmead and Dufourea subcyanea Ashmead are synonymised under Lasioglossum cyaneum (Ashmead). Notes on the obscure Lasioglossum (Dialictus) minutum (Fabricius) are provided. A new name, Lasioglossum (Homalictus) minuens, is provided for a secondary homonym Homalictus minutus Pauly. The potential for additional species richness in Saint Lucia and the Lesser Antilles is briefly discussed.

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Francis, Karen A., Andrew Molodynski, and Giselle Emmanuel. "Mental healthcare in Saint Lucia." BJPsych International 15, no. 1 (February 2018): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bji.2017.12.

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St Lucia is a small island in the eastern Caribbean with a population of approximately 200 000 people. Although St Lucia is formally ranked as a high middle-income country, there are pockets of deprivation and relatively low living standards. Mental health services in St Lucia have increased considerably and advanced over recent years because of a coalition between the government of the island and South East Asian partners. The National Mental Wellness Centre opened several years ago and has much improved facilities. There remains a significant shortage of community-based services, no mental health law, and a pervasive community stigma and apprehension regarding those with mental health problems.

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Ma, Xiao. "The Impact of Covid-19 Transmission and Control on the Tourism Industry and Touristic Countries: A Case Study of Saint Lucia and the Maldives." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 54, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/54/20230921.

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COVID-19, which was recognised by the WHO as a highly contagious respiratory pandemic with a worldwide impact, has hit almost every industry hard. Measures taken by countries and regions to restrict population movement in response to the pandemic have had a more serious negative influence on the tourism industry. Saint Lucia, an island in the Caribbean, was also badly affected by COVID-19 because its economy is highly dependent on the high-risk nature of the tourism industry. This study compares the changes in data related to the tourism industry in Saint Lucia before and after the outbreak to analyse the concrete manifestation of the impact of COVID-19 on it. In addition, based on the rapid recovery of the tourism industry in Maldives, another similar tourism-based island country, this study compares the measures implemented in Maldives to provide some recommendations for the future recovery of Saint Lucias tourism economy and the sustainable development of the tourism industry.

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Huxley, Andrew. "HOW HYBRID IS SAINT LUCIAN LAW?" Revue générale de droit 14, no. 2 (May 2, 2019): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1059343ar.

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Leonce, Janai, and Mahalia Jackman. "Gender Income Inequality in Saint Lucia." World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 18, no. 1 (January 6, 2022): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.47556/j.wjemsd.18.1.2022.5.

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Reeder, R., P. L. Kelly, and G. Mathurin. "Cercosporidium sequoiaeisolated fromCupressus lusitanicain Saint Lucia." Plant Pathology 58, no. 6 (December 2009): 1174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02101.x.

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Isaac, Cornelius, and Charles P. A. Bourque. "Ecological life zones of Saint Lucia." Global Ecology and Biogeography 10, no. 5 (September 2001): 549–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2001.00257.x.

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Murphy, Tessa. "Centering Slavery in the Age of Abolition: Insights from the Saint Lucia Register of Plantation Slaves, 1815." William and Mary Quarterly 81, no. 2 (April 2024): 359–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wmq.2024.a925936.

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Abstract: Scholars have used a range of sources, including oral histories, written accounts, and plantation inventories, to reconstruct the lives of people subjected to slavery in the Atlantic world. Yet in contested colonies such as Saint Lucia, the experiences of enslaved people remain little known. Attention to a seemingly static, bureaucratic document—the 1815 Register of Plantation Slaves—provides details about all 12,726 individuals who were enslaved on estates in Saint Lucia just one year after France ceded the island to Great Britain. This, in turn, facilitates the reconstruction of life histories and genealogies of people who labored on the plantation frontier of the British Empire during the age of abolition. As one of 671 such documents created throughout the empire in the decades after Great Britain's 1807 abolition of the transatlantic slave trade, the 1815 Saint Lucia Register of Plantation Slaves illustrates the potential for such documents to significantly enlarge current understandings of slavery. The register testifies to the importance of regional trafficking and the role of reproductive labor in giving rise to a creolized enslaved population in Saint Lucia, and it poignantly illustrates how these phenomena affected enslaved individuals and families.

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Chery, Gemma, Lorraine Francis, Shelly-Ann Hunte, and Phil Leon. "Epidemiology of human leptospirosis in Saint Lucia, 2010–2017." Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 44 (December 14, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2020.160.

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Objective. To describe the epidemiology of human leptospirosis cases in Saint Lucia from 2010 to 2017 and determine whether there was a relationship between cases and rainfall and temperature. Methods. A retrospective analytical study was undertaken to describe the seasonal patterns of human leptospirosis cases reported to the Ministry of Health of Saint Lucia between 2010 and 2017. Confirmed cases of leptospirosis were analyzed according to age, sex, seasonality, and geographical distribution. Disease incidence was calculated and the association of cases with geographical distribution, rainfall, and temperature was investigated. Results. A total of 353 leptospirosis cases were reported between 2010 and 2017 and of these, 145 (40.6%) were laboratory confirmed. Cases were aged 7 to 73 years (mean 34 years; median 30 years) with a male to female ratio of 4.2:1. Six deaths were reported during the period, with an overall case fatality rate of 4.1%. There was no relationship between location (district) and incidence of leptospirosis in Saint Lucia. There was a weak correlation between rainfall and leptospirosis cases during the 8-year period (r_s = 0.25, p = 0.015) but the correlation between cases and seasons was not statistically significant (dry season r_s = 0.13, p = 0.42; wet season r_s = 0.23, p = 0.08). There was no correlation between leptospirosis cases and temperature (r_s = 0.07, p = 0.49). Conclusions. Leptospirosis has a seasonal distribution in Saint Lucia, with outbreaks during periods following increased rainfall and flooding, such as in the aftermath of tropical storms and hurricanes. Saint Lucia and other Caribbean countries should enhance surveillance for leptospirosis given the likelihood of increased flooding following frequent and intense rainfall due to climate change.

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SASS, EMMA M., JENNIFER L. MORTENSEN, and J. MICHAEL REED. "Habitat suitability models indicate the White-breasted Thrasher Ramphocinclus brachyurus occupies all suitable habitat in Saint Lucia." Bird Conservation International 27, no. 1 (May 23, 2016): 96–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270915000374.

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SummaryHabitat suitability models can guide species conservation by identifying correlates of occurrence and predicting where species are likely to occur. We created habitat suitability models for the White-breasted Thrasher Ramphocinclus brachyurus, a narrowly distributed endangered songbird that occupies dry forest in Saint Lucia and Martinique. Eighty-five percent of the global population inhabits two ranges in Saint Lucia, both of which are largely unprotected and threatened by development. We developed three habitat suitability models using Maxent techniques and published occupancy datasets collected from the species’ two Saint Lucian ranges, and used abiotic, land cover, and predator distribution predictors. We built one model with occupancy data from both ranges, and two others with occupancy data specific to each range. The best full-range model included 11 predictors; high suitability was associated with close proximity to Saint Lucia fer-de-lance Bothrops caribbeaus range, moderately low precipitation, and areas near streams. Our assessment of suitable sites island-wide was more restricted than results from a recent model that considered older land cover data and omitted predator distributions. All sites identified in our full-range model as highly suitable were in or adjacent to the species’ current designated range. The model trained on southern range occurrences predicted zero suitable habitat in the northern range, where the population is much smaller. In contrast, the model trained on northern range occurrences identified areas of moderate suitability within the southern range and patches of moderately suitable habitat in the western part of the island, where no White-breasted Thrashers currently occur. We interpret these results as suggesting that White-breasted Thrashers currently occupy virtually all suitable habitat on the island, that birds in the northern range occupy marginal habitat, or that an important correlate of suitability is missing from the model. Our results suggest that habitat management should focus on currently occupied areas.

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Floissac, V. F. "THE INTERPRETATION OF THE CIVIL CODE OF SAINT LUCIA." Revue générale de droit 14, no. 2 (May 2, 2019): 409–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1059341ar.

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The author makes a presentation of the sources of the St. Lucia Civil Code. He then studies some mainly selected rules of interpretation taken from the Privy Council’s decisions in cases where this Court has had to interprete Statute Law or a Code, like the Québec one. The author mentions also the difficulties of interpretation created by the introduction of English Law in the St. Lucia Code.

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Sarfo, Jacob Owusu, Mustapha Amoadu, Paul Obeng, Newton Isaac Gbordzoe, Timothy Pritchard Debrah, Crescens Osei Bonsu Ofori, and John Elvis Hagan. "Suicidal Behaviour among School-Going Adolescents in Saint Lucia: Analysis of Prevalence and Associated Factors." Behavioral Sciences 13, no. 7 (June 27, 2023): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13070535.

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Suicide poses a debilitating threat to adolescents’ lives worldwide. Although suicide prevention efforts are evident globally, there is limited evidence on the prevalence and correlations of suicidal behaviour among school-going adolescents in Saint Lucia. We used a dataset from the 2018 Global School-based Student Health Survey to examine the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal behaviour among 1864 students from schools in Saint Lucia. Prevalence rates of 25.5%, 22.1%, and 17.5% were found for suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt, respectively. After adjusting for other factors, being male and having understanding parents were protective against suicidal behaviour. However, suicidal ideation was predicted by being physically attacked and bullied, parental/guidance tobacco use, loneliness, and worry. Moreover, being a victim of physical attacks and bullying, having close friends, being lonely, and worrying were predictive of making suicidal plans among adolescents. Attempting suicide was predicted by cigarette smoking, current use of tobacco and related products, bullying, having close friends, being lonely, and worrying. School-based preventive interventions are required to help address triggers of suicidal behaviour among adolescents in Saint Lucia and to help attain the targets for suicide prevention in the global Sustainable Development Goals.

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Hay, Alexandre. "Recognition of the Saint Lucia Red Cross Society." International Review of the Red Cross 27, no. 256 (February 1987): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020860400060939.

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We have the honour to inform you of the official recognition of the Saint Lucia Red Cross Society by the International Committee of the Red Cross. This recognition, which took effect on 1 October 1986, brings to 140 the number of National Societies members of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.

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Morton, Matthew N., and Christopher A. Cox. "Cuban Brown Anoles (Anolis sagrei) in Saint Lucia." Reptiles & Amphibians 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v18i1.16149.

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Auguste, Aviane, Glenn Jones, Dorothy Phillip, James St. Catherine, Elizabeth Dos Santos, Owen Gabriel, and Carlene Radix. "Difficulties in Accessing Cancer Care in a Small Island State: A Community-Based Pilot Study of Cancer Survivors in Saint Lucia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (April 29, 2021): 4770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094770.

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Developing robust systems for cancer care delivery is essential to reduce the high cancer mortality in small island developing states (SIDS). Indigenous data are scarce, but community-based cancer research can inform care in SIDS where formal research capacity is lacking, and we describe the experiences of cancer survivors in Saint Lucia in accessing health services. Purposive and snowball sampling was used to constitute a sample of survivors for interviews. Subjects were interviewed with a questionnaire regarding socio-demographics, clinical characteristics, health services accessed (physicians, tests, treatment), and personal appraisal of experience. We recruited 50 survivors (13 men, 37 women). Only 52% of first presentations were with general practitioners. The mean turnaround for biopsy results in Saint Lucia was three times longer than overseas (p = 0.0013). Approximately half of survivors commenced treatment more than one month following diagnosis (median of 32 days, IQR 19–86 days), and 56% of survivors traveled out-of-country for treatment. Most survivors (60%) paid for care with family/friends support, followed by savings and medical insurance (38% each). In conclusion, cancer survivors in Saint Lucia are faced with complex circumstances, including access-to-care and health consequences. This study can guide future research, and possibly guide practice improvements in the near term.

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Auguste, Aviane, Dorothy Phillip, Owen Gabriel, James St Catherine, and Carlene Radix. "Abstract 72: Socioeconomic Disparities Across the Cancer Care Continuum in Saint Lucia: A Community-Based Study." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 6_Supplement (June 1, 2023): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.asgcr23-abstract-72.

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Abstract Purpose: Low socioeconomic status could contribute to insufficient access to care and the high cancer mortality in small developing island states (SIDS). However, disparities in care among cancer survivors are rarely studied in SIDS. We investigated for the first time the socioeconomic disparities across the cancer care continuum in Saint Lucia. Methods: We used purposive and snowball sampling to recruit adult cancer survivors residing in Saint Lucia. Trained field investigators interviewed survivors face-to-face with a structured questionnaire ascertaining their care experience and health services accessed. We used univariate logistic regressions to estimate odds-ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) measuring the association between socioeconomic status and cancer care. Socioeconomic status was modelled as binary outcome variables: educational level, private medical insurance and hot water at home (a proxy for income in Saint Lucia). Results: We included 50 survivors (13 men, 37 women). The majority of survivors were black, and diagnosed with breast and prostate cancer. Survivors who were satisfied with the information provided during their diagnosis announcement were more likely to have hot water (OR=5.0, 95% CI=1.3-19.0). Concerning, sources of funds for treatment, private medical insurance and hot water were associated respectively with less financial contributions from family/friends (OR=0.2, 95% CI=0.1-0.9) and greater use of their own funds (OR=3.3, 95% CI=0.9-15.0). Patients who were provided with doctor’s contact information in case of concerns were more likely to have more than primary education (OR=6.3, 95% CI=1.3-31.1) and private medical insurance (OR=12.3, 95% CI=1.4-111.6). Overseas travel for cancer treatment was significantly associated with having private health insurance (OR=3.4, 95% CI=0.9-12.7) and hot water (OR=4.5, 95% CI=1.2-16.8). Having more than primary school education was associated with better perceived care experience (OR=13.5, 95% CI=2.2-84.0). Having private medical insurance was associated with greater access to supportive care services such as psychologists and physiotherapists (OR=3.6, 95% CI=0.9-14.5). Conclusion: Despite our small sample size and potential confounding, we showed some evidence of socioeconomic disparities across the cancer care continuum in Saint Lucia. Low socioeconomic status should be taken into account when considering interventions to reduce of cancer mortality in SIDS. Citation Format: Aviane Auguste, Dorothy Phillip, Owen Gabriel, James St. Catherine, Carlene Radix. Socioeconomic Disparities Across the Cancer Care Continuum in Saint Lucia: A Community-Based Study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 72.

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Bowman, Kim D., and Frederick G. Gmitter. "Forbidden fruit (Citrus sp., Rutaceae) rediscovered in Saint Lucia." Economic Botany 44, no. 2 (April 1990): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02860484.

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Morton, Matthew N., and Ulrike Krauss. "Native and Alien Iguanas on Saint Lucia, West Indies." Reptiles & Amphibians 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v18i1.16144.

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Liverpool, N. J. O. "THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SAINT LUCIA CIVIL CODE." Revue générale de droit 14, no. 2 (May 2, 2019): 373–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1059340ar.

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The Civil Code of St. Lucia was copied almost verbatim from the Québec Civil Code and promulgated in the island in 1879, with minor influences from the Civil Code of Louisiana. It has constantly marvelled both West Indians and visitors to the region alike, that of all the former British Caribbean territories which were subjected to the vicissitudes of the armed struggles in the region between the Metropolitan powers resulting infrequent changes is sovereignty from one power to the other, only St. Lucia, after seventy-six years of uninterrupted British rule since its last cession by the French, managed to introduce a Civil Code which in effect was in direct conflict in most respects with the laws obtaining in its parent country. This is an attempt to examine the forces which were constantly at work in order to achieve this end, and the resoluteness of their efforts.

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MLYNAREK, JULIA J., and TERRY A. WHEELER. "Revision of the Neotropical genus Goniaspis Duda (Diptera: Chloropidae)." Zootaxa 2033, no. 1 (March 11, 2009): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2033.1.3.

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The Neotropical genus Goniaspis Duda is revised. The genus includes ten species: G. equalis (Williston) (type locality: Saint Vincent); G. lucia sp. n. (type locality: Saint Lucia); G. lurida sp. n. (type locality: Blue Creek, Belize); G. obscurata Duda (type locality: San José, Costa Rica); G. opaca sp. n. (type locality: San José, Costa Rica); G. rubra (Becker) (type species of genus, type locality: Sierra san Lorenzo, Colombia); G. scutellaris (Williston) (type locality: Saint Vincent); G. subaequalis (Malloch) (type locality: Montserrat, Trinidad); G. truncata (Malloch) (type locality: Trece Aguas, Guatemala); and G. versicolor sp. n. (type locality: La Paz, Bolivia). The identity of G. peruana Duda cannot be determined and it is considered a species inquirenda. All recognized species are described and illustrated, and a key to species is included. Goniaspis has been assigned to the Hippelates genus group (or tribe Hippelatini) in previous higher classifications of the Chloropidae, based primarily on the possession of a strong, ventral, hind-tibial spur. However, this character state is subject to frequent homoplasy in the Chloropidae, and multiple morphological character states suggest that Goniaspis may be more closely related to the genus Elachiptera Macquart.

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Holden, Kisha, Lisa Charles, Stephen King, Brian McGregor, David Satcher, and Allyson Belton. "Reducing Health Disparities and Improving Health Equity in Saint Lucia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 13, no. 1 (December 22, 2015): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010037.

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Hsu, Clarissa. "Making midwives: Postmodern conditions and midwifery training in Saint Lucia." Medical Anthropology 20, no. 4 (January 2001): 313–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01459740.2001.9966197.

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St-Hilaire, Aonghas. "Creolizing Globalization: Pan-Cultural Identities and Language in Saint Lucia." Caribbean Studies 41, no. 1 (2013): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/crb.2013.0010.

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Hofman, Corinne L., Menno L. P. Hoogland, Hayley L. Mickleburgh, Jason E. Laffoon, Darlene A. Weston, and Mike H. Field. "Life and death at precolumbian Lavoutte, Saint Lucia, Lesser Antilles." Journal of Field Archaeology 37, no. 3 (August 2012): 209–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/0093469012z.00000000020.

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Dzamesi, Prosper Dzifa, and Dickson Okoree Mireku. "PREVALENCE AND INDICATIVE CORRELATES OF SUICIDE ATTEMPTS AMONG INSCHOOL ADOLESCENTS IN SAINT LUCIA." International Journal of Education and Social Science Research 07, no. 03 (2024): 271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37500/ijessr.2024.7320.

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Among adolescents, it is estimated that for every suicide, there are 100–200 suicide attempts, with rates varying by country due to local or individual factors. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of suicide attempts among in-school adolescents in Saint Lucia using data from the 2018 Global School-based Health Survey. The study included 1,970 in-school teenagers aged 13-18 years. Multi-binomial logistic regression was used to determine predictors of suicide attempts with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The prevalence of suicide attempts among inschool teenagers in Saint Lucia was 16.2%. Factors associated with suicide attempts included being female (AOR 3.001, 95% CI 2.026-4.445), being physically attacked (AOR 0.573, 95% CI 0.388- 0.846), feeling lonely (AOR 0.447, 95% CI 0.294-0.678), worrying and sleeplessness (AOR 0.542, 95% CI 0.336-0.875), and having made suicide plans (AOR 0.051, 95% CI 0.035-0.073).

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Lewis, Clint T., and Ming-Chien Su. "Climate Change Adaptation and Sectoral Policy Coherence in the Caribbean." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 8518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158518.

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Climate change is an existential threat to small island developing states. Policy coherence aims to create synergies and avoid conflicts between policies. Mainstreaming adaptation across multiple sectors and achieving greater coherence amongst policies is needed. The paper applies qualitative document analysis, content analysis, and expert interviews to examine the degree of coherence between climate-sensitive sector policies in framing climate change adaptation and the adaptation goals outlined in the national development plan and national climate change policies in St. Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG), Grenada, and Saint Lucia. The results indicate that adaptation is not fully integrated into the water, agriculture, coastal zone, and forestry policies. For example, while adaptation was explicitly addressed in Saint Lucia’s water policy, it was not explicitly addressed in SVG’s and Grenada’s water policy. The results show that Saint Lucia has the highest coherence score (93.52) while St. Vincent and the Grenadines has the lowest (91.12). The optimal coherence score that can be possibly obtained is 147, which indicates partial coherence in adaptation mainstreaming in sectoral policies. Expert interviews highlighted problems such as institutional arrangements, a silo approach, funding mechanisms, and policy implementation. Using the knowledge provided by the experts, a seven-step process is proposed to practically achieve policy coherence and operationalize the policies.

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Jeffries, Claire L., Mia White, Louisia Wilson, Laith Yakob, and Thomas Walker. "Detection of a novel insect-specific flavivirus across ecologically diverse populations of Aedes aegypti on the Caribbean island of Saint Lucia." Wellcome Open Research 5 (June 25, 2020): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16030.1.

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Background. Outbreaks of mosquito-borne arboviral diseases including dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), yellow fever virus (YFV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) have recently occurred in the Caribbean. The geographical range of the principle vectors responsible for transmission, Aedes (Ae.) aegypti and Ae. albopictus is increasing and greater mosquito surveillance is needed in the Caribbean given international tourism is so prominent. The island of Saint Lucia has seen outbreaks of DENV and CHIKV in the past five years but vector surveillance has been limited with the last studies dating back to the late 1970s. Natural disasters have changed the landscape of Saint Lucia and the island has gone through significant urbanisation. Methods. In this study, we conducted an entomological survey of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus distribution across the island and analysed environmental parameters associated with the presence of these species in addition to screening for medically important arboviruses and other flaviviruses. Results. Although we collected Ae. aegypti across a range of sites across the island, no Ae. albopictus were collected despite traps being placed in diverse ecological settings. The number of Ae. aegypti collected was significantly associated with higher elevation, and semi-urban settings yielded female mosquito counts per trap-day that were five-fold lower than urban settings. Screening for arboviruses revealed a high prevalence of a novel insect-specific flavivirus closely related to cell fusing agent virus (CFAV). Conclusions. Outbreaks of arboviruses transmitted by Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus have a history of occurring in small tropical islands and Saint Lucia is particularly vulnerable given the limited resources available to undertake vector control and manage outbreaks. Surveillance strategies can identify risk areas for predicting future outbreaks and further research is needed to determine the diversity of current mosquito species and this should be extended to the neighbouring smaller Caribbean islands.

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Jeffries, Claire L., Mia White, Louisia Wilson, Laith Yakob, and Thomas Walker. "Detection of Cell-Fusing Agent virus across ecologically diverse populations of Aedes aegypti on the Caribbean island of Saint Lucia." Wellcome Open Research 5 (December 16, 2020): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16030.2.

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Background. Outbreaks of mosquito-borne arboviral diseases including dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), yellow fever virus (YFV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) have recently occurred in the Caribbean. The geographical range of the principal vectors responsible for transmission, Aedes (Ae.) aegypti and Ae. albopictus are increasing and greater mosquito surveillance is needed in the Caribbean given international tourism is so prominent. The island of Saint Lucia has seen outbreaks of DENV and CHIKV in the past five years but vector surveillance has been limited with the last studies dating back to the late 1970s. Natural disasters have changed the landscape of Saint Lucia and the island has gone through significant urbanisation. Methods. In this study, we conducted an entomological survey of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus distribution across the island and analysed environmental parameters associated with the presence of these species in addition to screening for medically important arboviruses and other flaviviruses. Results. Although we collected Ae. aegypti across a range of sites across the island, no Ae. albopictus were collected despite traps being placed in diverse ecological settings. The number of Ae. aegypti collected was significantly associated with higher elevation, and semi-urban settings yielded female mosquito counts per trap-day that were five-fold lower than urban settings. Screening for arboviruses revealed a high prevalence of cell-fusing agent virus (CFAV). Conclusions. Outbreaks of arboviruses transmitted by Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus have a history of occurring in small tropical islands and Saint Lucia is particularly vulnerable given the limited resources available to undertake vector control and manage outbreaks. Surveillance strategies can identify risk areas for predicting future outbreaks. Further research is needed to determine the diversity of current mosquito species, investigate insect-specific viruses, as well as pathogenic arboviruses, and this should also be extended to the neighbouring smaller Caribbean islands.

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Fox, Howard F., and Maria L. Cullen. "A Review of Lichenology in Saint Lucia Including a Lichen Checklist." Harvard Papers in Botany 19, no. 1 (June 2014): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v19iss1.2014.n1.

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Gaspard, Janice, Madelaine M. Usey, Merlene Fredericks-James, Maria J. Sanchez-Martin, Lydia Atkins, Carl H. Campbell, Paul L. A. M. Corstjens, Govert J. van Dam, Daniel G. Colley, and W. Evan Secor. "Survey of Schistosomiasis in Saint Lucia: Evidence for Interruption of Transmission." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 102, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 827–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.19-0904.

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WALTERS, BRADLEY B., and LISA HANSEN. "Farmed landscapes, trees and forest conservation in Saint Lucia (West Indies)." Environmental Conservation 40, no. 3 (December 21, 2012): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892912000446.

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SUMMARYIslands of the West Indies are among the most historically impacted by agriculture, yet agricultural influences on forests there have been little studied. This research compared tree species richness and vegetation structure between farmed lands, post-agriculture secondary forests and mature remnant forests in two watersheds in Saint Lucia, and sought to understand the current distribution of these habitats in terms of land use and watershed topography. Farms devoted to annual crops had few trees and much exposed soil. By contrast, agroforests had abundant (mostly planted) trees and vegetation structure comparable to secondary forests. Secondary forests had highest overall species richness, but mature forests had the most developed vegetation structure. Variations in habitat distribution reflected different land use histories, with the more rugged west coast long dominated by tree crop farming and the east coast experiencing a recent boom-bust cycle in bananas. Mature and secondary forests were more likely found at higher altitude, further from roads and at sites more difficult to access, the combined result of government protection of key forest and watershed reserves and farmers’ preferential abandonment of marginal lands. For conservationists, this return of forests is reason for optimism and it presents strategic opportunities for public land acquisition or collaborative management to further forest and watershed protection objectives.

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Ulmer, Bryan J., Jorge E. Peña, Stephen L. Lapointe, and Guy Mathurin. "THE OCCURRENCE OF PARASITOIDS ATTACKING CITRUS WEEVIL EGGS ON SAINT LUCIA." Florida Entomologist 89, no. 3 (September 2006): 407–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/0015-4040(2006)89[407:toopac]2.0.co;2.

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HUGEL, SYLVAIN, and LAURE DESUTTER-GRANDCOLAS. "A new genus and five new species of Anostostomatidae from the Lesser Antilles (Orthoptera: Ensifera)." Zootaxa 4425, no. 3 (May 31, 2018): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4425.3.5.

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Most high volcanic islands of Lesser Antilles harbor one single genus of Anostostomatidae: Rhumosa n. gen: Rhumosa bolognei n. gen. n. sp. in Guadeloupe, Rhumosa macoucheriei n. gen. n. sp. in Dominica, Rhumosa depazei n. gen. n. sp. in Martinique, Rhumosa admiralrodneyei n. gen. n. sp. in Saint Lucia, Rhumosa captainblighei n. gen. n. sp., in Saint Vincent. These species are restricted to well preserved rainforests; species from northern islands apparently occurring at higher elevation than species of southern islands. The distribution and generic position of Rhumosa n. gen. species is discussed, as well as the generic position of Lutosa cubaensis (Haan, 1843).

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Cagniard, Thomas, Jean-Pierre Gauthier, and Jacques Ferreire. "L’œil de Sainte-Lucie." Gemmes 3 (March 20, 2024): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.63000/wq5xxr9f68.

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Highlighted by popular belief, the eye of Saint-Lucia is a biomineral, which is of undoubted gemological interest by its nature and through its use. As gastropod operculum of the species Bolma rugosa, its name is not protected and may have been used for other gastropod species. Calcareous opercula are showcased in jewelry on both their outer and inner sides. The latter features a logarithmic spiral pattern that can be found on opercula of various Turbininae species, and whose opening parameter seems constant for a given species.

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Moulin, Nicolas. "First record of Chloronia antilliensis Flint, 1970, in Guadeloupe (Megaloptera, Corydalidae)." Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 127, no. 3 (2022): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32475/bsef_2248.

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Recently detected in Martinique, Chloronia antilliensis Flint, 1970, is known from Dominica and Saint Lucia islands. During an entomological survey for a diachronic study of some insects’ families in the south of the Parc National de Guadeloupe, a female of this species was observed. It is confirmed that this endemic species of Eastern Caribbean Islands is related to the wetlands of mountain areas.

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Beschetnov, Sergey. "Hybrid legal system in Saint Lucia: the view of a comparative historian." Advances in Law Studies 10, no. 3 (September 25, 2022): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-5087-2022-10-3-11-15.

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In the analyzed work, a study is conducted in the historical and legal prism of the exotic state of Saint Lucia as a part of the Caribbean. The research covers various periods of active modification of the state-legal reality of the island legislation. On bases of the research, various perspective and retrospective aspects of the geopolitical influence on the coast of the region were reflected, as a result of which such a complex and ambiguous product was formed, combining many heterogeneous phenomena.

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Williams, Robert J., Matthew N. Morton, Jennifer C. Daltry, and Adams Toussaint. "The distribution of non-native Anolis lizards on Saint Lucia, Lesser Antilles." Caribbean Journal of Science 49, no. 2-3 (October 22, 2019): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.18475/cjos.v49i2.a15.

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40

Bégin, Chantale, Christiane K. Schelten, Maggy M. Nugues, Julie Hawkins, Callum Roberts, and Isabelle M. Côté. "Effects of Protection and Sediment Stress on Coral Reefs in Saint Lucia." PLOS ONE 11, no. 2 (February 4, 2016): e0146855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146855.

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41

Joseph, Erouscilla P., Nicolas Fournier, Jan M. Lindsay, Richard Robertson, and Denise M. Beckles. "Chemical and isotopic characteristics of geothermal fluids from Sulphur Springs, Saint Lucia." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 254 (March 2013): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.12.013.

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42

Barrett, Timothy J., and Erouscilla P. Joseph. "Extreme alteration in an acid-sulphate geothermal field: Sulphur Springs, Saint Lucia." Chemical Geology 500 (November 2018): 103–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.09.028.

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Weeramantry, R., and M. Ferrer. "RSM Production Corporation v Saint Lucia: Security for Costs--A New Frontier?" ICSID Review 30, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icsidreview/siu034.

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Williams, Charmaine C., Joelleann Rose Forbes, Kenita Placide, and Nancy Nicol. "Religion, Hate, Love, and Advocacy for LGBT Human Rights in Saint Lucia." Sexuality Research and Social Policy 17, no. 4 (January 15, 2020): 729–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13178-020-00429-x.

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Lindsay Nurse, Keisha T., Kim Gardner, and Maria R. Brea. "Operationalizing Culturally Responsive Research Practices: Documenting the Communication Skills of Children With Confirmed or Possible Exposure to the Zika Virus in Saint Lucia, West Indies." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 6, no. 1 (February 23, 2021): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_persp-19-00140.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to describe a culturally responsive research investigation of communication and interaction skills in Saint Lucian children impacted by the Zika virus (ZIKV). Method Both quantitative and qualitative data collection strategies that align with positivist and interpretivist strategies were used to gain knowledge about communication and interaction development in a cohort of children impacted by ZIKV in Saint Lucia. Thirty participants received a neurodevelopmental assessment, which included a medical assessment, caregiver interview, participant observation, and data collection using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–Third Edition. Twenty-six participants in the cohort received a communication and interaction assessment, which included a caregiver interview, participant observation, and data collection using the Rossetti Infant–Toddler Language Scale. Results Approximately half of our cohort demonstrated typical neurodevelopment, including typical communication and interaction skills, and half demonstrated delays in neurodevelopmental domains, including communication and interaction. Qualitatively, parents expressed a need for resources about mental health, emotional well-being, financial assistance, and peer support. Conclusions There is a continued need to create knowledge about the impact of ZIKV on communication and interaction development in children worldwide. Moreover, culturally responsive research components should be included in research training programs in communication sciences and disorders.

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JAŁOSZYŃSKI, PAWEŁ. "Four new species and new records of the Neotropical genus Alloraphes Franz (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)." Zootaxa 4810, no. 2 (July 10, 2020): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4810.2.6.

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Four new species of Alloraphes Franz are described: A. opticus sp. n. (French Guiana), A. cayennensis sp. n. (French Guiana), A. iyonolanus sp. n. (Saint Lucia), and A. ecuadoranus sp. n. (Ecuador). They all represent the first records of Alloraphes in the listed countries. New records are given for A. jamaicae Franz, and A. yucatani Franz; the latter species, previously known to occur in Mexico (Campeche), is for the first time reported to occur also in Guatemala.

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Philbert, Shana Cyr, Patrice Lawrence-Williams, Yitades Gebre, Marvin Lionel Hutchinson, and Sharon Belmar-George. "Improving cardiovascular health in primary care in Saint Lucia through the HEARTS Initiative." Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 46 (September 2, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2022.128.

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ABSTRACT Objective. To improve blood pressure control and hypertension registry coverage at six demonstration sites in St Lucia. Methods. From January 2020 to December 2021, St Lucia’s Ministry of Health, with support of the Pan American Health Organization, implemented the HEARTS Technical Package in six primary health care facilities with six-monthly monitoring of blood pressure control and hypertension registry coverage. The modules included healthy-lifestyle counselling, evidence-based treatment protocols, access to essential medicines and technology, risk-based cardiovascular management, team-based care and systems for monitoring. Results. Levels of blood pressure control at 6, 12, 18 and 24-months after the intervention were 37.1%, 28.9%, 33.9% and 36.5% respectively. Hypertension registry coverage increased by 17.8% (1 434 to 1 689) for patients accessing service. Implementing the monitoring for action initiative 12 to 15 months after the start of the intervention resulted in policy and operational changes, improved documentation, and provided accurate and reliable data. Conclusions. The HEARTS initiative unearthed basic infrastructural challenges in blood pressure control. The essential elements for success were (1) buy in at all levels of the health sector; (2) addressing policy and operational changes; (3) accurate documentation and required analysis; (4) standardization of equipment and procedures and (5) regular monitoring and evaluation. Capacity building underpinned all changes.

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Emmanuel, Edward L. "Factors Contributing to the Occurrence of Leptospirosis, and the Impact on Public Health in Saint Lucia 2008-2019." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 8, no. 4 (December 27, 2020): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.08.04.art008.

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Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that affects humans and animals. The causative agent is a spirochete of the genus Leptospira. In humans, it causes a wide range of symptoms, however, asymptomatic presentation is not uncommon. Without proper treatment, leptospirosis can lead to kidney damage, meningitis, liver failure, and respiratory distress. Death may occur in some patients. The aim of the study is to identify the factors contributing to the occurrence of leptospirosis, and the impact on public health in Saint Lucia 2008-2019. The study design is a mixed – method, comprising quantitative and qualitative data. A stratified sampling design using probability proportionate to size sampling at the settlement level was used. Secondary data on the incidence of leptospirosis were obtained from the Ministry of Health, and rainfall data were obtained from the Meteorology Office. Analysis of the data reveals several factors contributing to the occurrence of leptospirosis in Saint Lucia: poor garbage disposal; a large rodent population with easy access to garbage; and a lack of knowledge of leptospirosis. The impact on public health is manifested in the mortality and morbidity of individuals primarily men, and the health, social, and economic impact on the country. Reducing the impact of leptospirosis on the individual and country necessitates an island wide multi - sectoral control and prevention educational programme; an evaluation of the collection, storage, and disposal of household garbage; and the enforcement of legislation governing the proper collection, storage and disposal of garbage.

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Reece-Mills, Michelle, and Jo-Anna B. Baxter. "The SickKids Caribbean Initiative to improve care for children with cancer and blood disorders." Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 47 (September 25, 2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2023.130.

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To improve pediatric hematology and oncology outcomes, there is a recognized potential for partnerships between low- and high-resource institutions within health care systems. The SickKids Caribbean Initiative is a partnership between health care professionals at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada, and seven Caribbean institutions across six countries (Bahamas, Barbados, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Trinidad and Tobago). The primary aim of the SickKids Caribbean Initiative has been to improve the outcomes and the quality of life of children in the Caribbean aged <18 years who have cancer and blood disorders. This article describes five key activities undertaken within the SickKids Caribbean Initiative, including providing education and training, assisting with case consultations and diagnostic services, developing local oncology databases, engaging in advocacy and ensuring stakeholder engagement, and coordinating administration and project management.

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Peltzer, Karl, and Supa Pengpid. "Alcohol misuse prevalence and correlates among school adolescents from national surveys in Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines." Journal of Psychology in Africa 32, no. 3 (May 4, 2022): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2022.2075623.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Saint Lucia'

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