Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Saisonniers'
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GEORGES-DENOEUD, REINE-MARIE. "Les troubles affectifs saisonniers : enquete epidemiologique sur lille." Lille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL2M067.
Full textDelpérier, Jean-Marie. "Les contrats saisonniers (essai sur la notion juridique de contrats saisonniers)." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN11008.
Full textIn private french law,bilateral seasonal contracts whose execution is limited in time are neither mere seasonal contracts ending with the season, nor mere limited duration contracts stating a maximum length of execution,nor again precarious contracts. They are contracts which, in execution,nor again precarious contracts. They are contracts which,in case their duration was not stated,would each year become impossible to carry out as the given season comes to an end. Drawing on the idea of impossibility of seasonal execution allows us to solve the problems raised in case law by the description of seasonal contracts and to account for the existence of contracts spanning more than one year. . . No general rule of law and order banning the statement of duration in general (and consequently the statement of seasonal duration) can be excluded unless there exists a specific legal derogation. If such rules are excluded by a provision concerning their field of application,then common law and local practice are applied to make up for the absence of avowed will on the part of the contractors. If such rules are excluded by other rules of law and order, then the latter are applied. Seasonal house letting contracts,furnished accommodation seasonal lease contracts,commercial seasonal lease contracts,the running of campsites,the letting and selling of pastures,seasonal contracts of
Rigal, Alix. "Déformation des cycles saisonniers de variables climatiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30112.
Full textClimate normals are usually calculated as averages over a 30-year observational period. In the context of a changing climate, these normals, even re-evaluated frequently, are "lagging behind" the current climate. The primary objective of this thesis is the estimation of non- stationary normals, in order to acquire an unbiased reference of the present climate. A good property for such normals, which are considered at the daily timescale, is to possess a certain regularity, both on the seasonal component and the secular change. For this reason, normal estimation shall be based on smoothing spline techniques such as proposed by Azaïs et Ribes (2016). The proposed modeling, inspired by a "pattern scaling" assumption, enables the study of the seasonal drift due to climate change. Beyond the mean value (normals), climate considered at a given date and location can be characterized by its distribution of possible values. A natural extension of normal estimation, would be to estimate the entire distribution with regularity constraints on its shape. We thus propose to address this question in a regularized quantile regression framework. In that respect and for a given climate variable, we obtain a detailed description of climate, at a given localization, and of its annual cycle. Both of these aspects lead to a re-examination of the RKHS (Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space) and quantile regression theories. The complexity of the considered models is equally considered for normals and distribution and is meticulously examined. Lastly, we propose to exploit the preceding results to revisit and improve the description of future and past changes in climate, for example via the use of climate analogues
Verstraete, Jean-Marc. "Les upwellings saisonniers dans le golfe de guinee." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066776.
Full textBITTEROLE, THUILLEUR SOPHIE. "Traitement par la lumiere des troubles affectifs saisonniers." Strasbourg, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR15057.
Full textDécosse, Frédéric. "Migrations sous contrôle : agriculture intensive et saisonniers marocains sous contrat « OMI »." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0114.
Full textThis dissertation explores the material conditions of Moroccan agricultural workers under seasonal contracts managed by the Office des Migrations Internationales. The methodology is based on semi-directed interviews, archival work and participant observation within the "Collectif de défense des travailleurs agricoles saisonniers". The main question the thesis attempts to answer is the following: ta what extent do es the seasonality of the job and the stay of the OMI foreign manpower, as it combines statutory precarity and mobility control, warrant the subjection of this manpower and separate the space and time of production and reproduction of its workforce? The condition of the OMI workers consists of three main axis: -the seasonal migratory system, more precisely understood in its socio-historical dimension (colonial origin, evolutions of the migratory utilitarianism in agriculture); -mobilizations against the OMI status and the regulatory adjustments developed by the State in order to control/bridle the right of agricultural migrant workers to move to other sectors of activity; -the health of seasonal foreign workers, which is nevertheless constructed among three factors: it is rendered invisible, externalized, and in terms of resistance. This thesis conducts a reflection on controlled migration and its limits. It shows to what extent the intensive agriculture of the South of France is dependent of the humanpower, and that the limitation of the right to stay to a temporary work contract tends to rend their employees' rights ineffective. It brings new elements to the analysis in foregrounding the articulation between the "fait colonial" and post-colonial migrations
Léonard, Éric. "De vaches et d'hirondelles : grands éleveurs et paysans saisonniers au Mexique /." Paris : Éd. de l'ORSTOM, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35783280p.
Full textGentil, Aurelien. "Les dimensions spatiales de la vie sociale des bi-saisonniers mobiles du tourisme." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2108.
Full textWith the comparative ethnographic studies of a seaside resort in Les Landes and a Savoy ski resort as a starting point, this research examines the spatial dimensions of the social lives of people who inhabit different places within a same year to work in the tourism sector. Joining urban sociology and the sociology of youth and social insecurity, this study analyses the socializing effects of a discontinuous relationship to time and space, in the light of the multiple spheres of existence impacted by this discontinuity: professional, residential, conjugal, relational, domestic and corporeal. A synchronic approach first shows how individuals sharing a relative similarity in their positions inhabit a same space differently depending on social characteristics, their trajectory and their history at the resort. The comparison between what goes on in the summer at the seaside resort and in the winter at the mountain resort confirms the weight of place on the different appropriations of these spaces and the way local social life is structured. This research also sheds light on the social effects of social insecurity and the socializing power of different forms of secondary adaptation that spatial and temporal discontinuity engages. For many subjects, mostly under the age of 30 from middle – upper class backgrounds, being a seasonal worker appears to be a temporary way of escaping the crystallization of a potential social downgrading by staying mobile. This practice, in a context strongly marked by the structural precariousness of employment, fits into an experimentation logic linked to youth as opposed to entering adult life. Furthermore, this research shows how local anchoring and the attachment to a particular seasonal resort, where life is ruled by interconnections and local relationships, offer different resources to cope with instability and incertitude better. The symbolic ways of compensating for social insecurity for which these resources become the backing nourish a strong internalization of social coercion and the injunction to be mobile carried by modern capitalism. A diachronic approach then brings the social conditions that surround the course of a bi-seasonal mobile worker’s life to light. It shows how entering the seasonal working world and the stabilization in this alternating lifestyle seems to be both a break from the trajectory prior to it but also a continuity of certain dispositions previously assimilated in the home or professional spheres. With the advancement of life, the constraints of bi-seasonal mobile life, and the little outlook they entail, come into conflict with residential, domestic, marital and professional forms of stabilization that the characterizes the entrance into adult life. These conflicts eventually lead most individuals to stop the seasonal alternating lifestyle after a few years experience. However the socializing force of the social environment they have evolved in leads to a reconfiguration of their social destiny for some, which they where objectively destined to by their background or their education trajectory. This reconfiguration can materialize in the form of the settlement in a touristic place that had been inhabited temporarily in the first place
Frémondeau, Delphine. "Rythmes saisonniers des élevages porcins archéologiques : propositions pour un protocole d'analyse isotopique." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MNHN0023.
Full textThe objective of this research is to propose a protocol of stable isotope analysis allowing the investigation of the seasonal rhythms of archaeological pig husbandry, in terms of reproduction and diet. A modern reference data set was constituted, allowing the mapping of the isotopic signal record in the mandibular tooth row and the definition of a first sampling protocol. This protocol was then applied and improved through the study of two archaeological assemblages (Levroux Les Arènes and Borduşani Popina). Linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) was also recorded on the populations of the reference data set. A new way of studying the distribution of LEH on the molar crowns is proposed. This method was applied on three archaeological assemblages: Levroux Les Arènes, Borduşani Popina and Hârşova-tell. The construction of the mortality profiles of the swine from these two sites gave the opportunity to compare two different ageing methods that enable the definition of fine age classes
Allen, Catherine. "Faire son camping? : espace, temps et sociabilité chez les campeurs saisonniers du Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24827/24827.pdf.
Full textThis thesis explores the motivations and practices of seasonal campers in the province of Quebec. Following Setha Low’s conceptualization of urban development and conflicts, the author examines the different ways in which campers, year after year, socially produce and construct space, time and sociability in their campground. The thesis is grounded in an ethnographic study completed during the summer of 2006 in two campgrounds located near the city of Montreal. The research results show that, far from being passive consumers, seasonal campers contribute actively to the spatial development of camping grounds and sites, to the organization and management of collective activities and to the creation of an environment which facilitates social exchange.
Roux, Nicolas. "Un emploi discontinu soutenable ? Trajectoires sociales de saisonniers agricoles et d'artistes du spectacle." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1143/document.
Full textThe sociological analysis of the precariousness fluctuates between disaffiliation risk and alternative to the dominant employment norm. In order to contribute to the debate, this thesis captures this ambivalence by developing an original issue: the “sustainability” of discontinuous employment, in both meaning of what is bearable and what is defensible. The contrasting cases of agricultural seasonal workers and performing artists are compared by means of a biographical and longitudinal survey tracking down their social trajectories. The first part rebuilds the space of possibilities structuring the objective paths of the respondents. On one side, a flexible and relatively invisible agricultural wage-earners keeps theseasonal workers, mainly from the working class, in a precariousness-poverty condition. On the other side, the artists,mainly from the middle and superior classes, politically gather for the defense of the intermittence of the performing arts, implying the possibility of autonomous wages. Then, this disparity is increased when considering the subjective paths. The second part shows how the agricultural employment becomes sustainable as adaptation to the necessity. The discontinuity allows to distance work and to refocus expectations on domestic space and local territory. Conversely, the unsustainability wins when permanent contract reduces the possibility to get away of a job jeopardizing health (condition unsustainability) or when agricultural employment is a consequence of a downgrade (position unsustainability). Finally, the third part illustrate, on the contrary, how performing artists are characterized by a rejection of the social finitude. The artist and intermittent life remains sustainable as long as the pursuit of autonomy in a job, synonym for singularity andvocation, is not jeopardized by a commitment as a surinvestment (condition unsustainability) or a default of specific capital (position unsustainability). The contrasted paths of agricultural seasonal workers and performing artists finallyquestion the thesis of a “precariat” with common conditions and political vision
De, Joydeep. "Les signaux quotidiens et saisonniers modulent la configuration du réseau neuronal d'horloge circadienne." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS256.
Full textThe ubiquity of circadian clocks across a vast range of taxa signifies the adaptive value of knowing the time of the day. These clocks enable organisms to synchronize their daily biological processes to changing external and internal environments. In my PhD project, I used Drosophila as a model system to test hypotheses regarding the neural basis of the seasonal adaptation of the clock-driven daily activity pattern. In Drosophila, the brain clock regulating bimodal locomotor activity functions as a multi-oscillator network. Two distinct sets of neurons control morning and evening bouts of daily locomotor activity. Neurons contributing to the evening activity (E oscillators; 6 LNds, 1 sLNv and around 12 to 15 DN1ps in each hemisphere) are numerous and quite diverse within themselves in terms of their anatomical loci, projection patterns, neurochemistry, and photoreceptive modalities. My work indicates that the different E oscillators also possess distinct functional loci in the clock neuronal network. I show that only 2 pairs of E oscillators (ITP+ CRY+) out of around 150 clock neurons are sufficient for the evening anticipatory activity. Genetic dissection of various evening oscillator subsets further indicates that not only these two pairs of neurons are sufficient for the evening activity, but also, they are functionally superior to other evening oscillators in their contribution to the evening activity. Hence, an operational hierarchy exists among the evening oscillators in which the ITP+ CRY+ (henceforth, ITP E) oscillator neurons inhabit the highest rung. I further show that this hierarchy is rather flexible, and the partners of this hierarchical relationship switch roles depending on neuropeptidergic inputs (namely, PDF). Studying behavior and calcium responses in diverse evening neurons suggest that PDF and seasonal cues act on a functional framework of E neurons in which some build evening activity by promotion of activity in the later parts of the day and while others, by inhibiting activity in the earlier afternoon. Alongside PDF, seasonal cues such as day-length, light intensity and temperature, determine the functional weightage among evening oscillators. Specific seasonal cues recruit different oscillators to carry out the same function under different seasons. ITP E oscillators are recruited mostly by winter-like conditions whereas non- ITP E oscillators contribute more under summer-like conditions. This biased recruitment of oscillators partly occurs via modulation of the PDF levels by seasonal cues. Even though there are numerous E oscillators in the brain circadian circuit, their functional relevance is defined by external (seasonal cues) and internal (neuropeptides) environments through conditional oscillator recruitment. In summary, my PhD study attempts to provide a plausible explanation of how seasonal adaptation of the circadian clock and the behaviours that it times, is achieved at the neural level. My results support the idea that environmentally gated recruitment of oscillators facilitates seasonal adjustment of the daily activity pattern sculpted by the multi-oscillator circadian clock.LNd: dorsal-lateral neuronssLNv: small ventral-lateral neuronsDN1p: dorsal neurons 1 (posterior)ITP: Ion Transport PeptideCRY: CryptochromePDF: Pigment Dispersing Factor
Guimont, Fitz Abigail. "Évaluation du développement du capital humain des travailleurs agricoles saisonniers mexicains séjournant au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30393/30393.pdf.
Full textThis study aims to verify the existence of positive impacts in terms of human capital, such as the acquisition of knowledge and entrepreneurship, among Mexican workers enrolled in the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program in the province of Quebec. To do this, 30 semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals working on Île d'Orléans and in the municipalities of Saint -Augustin-de-Desmaures, Saint-Apollinaire and L’Assomption. A categorization of the experiences according to the degree of capacity building was carried out considering the state of origin, the number of trips to Canada with the SAWP, the acquisition of knowledge and its application, land ownership, the pursuit of projects and the interest to remain in the SAWP. Categories that have resulted are the survival experience, the supplementary experience, the wished entrepreneurial experience and the established entrepreneurial experience. Investigations have shown that there are benefits in several cases with these seasonal migrations.
Achard, Frédéric. "Etude des rythmes saisonniers de la végétation en Afrique de l'Ouest par télédétection spatiale." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30178.
Full textMontel, Adeline. "Les travailleurs de la terre : une étude des saisonniers itinérants au Colorado, 1965-1988." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070087.
Full textBased on feldwork and numerous interviews, the research focuses on mexican and mexican american migrant and seasonal farmworkers in colorado from 1965 to 1988. After having defined the general background of the study, it traces back the struggles of these workers during the 60s which was stimulated by and yet dfferent from the movement initiated in california by cesar chavez to unionize agricultural workers. It analyzes the reasons why mexican and mexican american migrant and seasonal farmworkers, once at the center of national attention, have returned to "invisibility"
Menassol, Jean-Baptiste. "Interactions entre facteurs photopériodique et nutritionnel sur les profils saisonniers de reproduction des ovins." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4059/document.
Full textTo determine the effect of nutrition on the seasonal patterns of reproduction and on the natural techniques used to control these patterns, is a feature of particular interest in the development of sustainable sheep breeding systems. This work establishes that body condition is a potent factor that interacts with photoperiod to modulate the timing of seasonal reproductive transitions in sheep. This effect does not result in an alteration in the synchronization of the annual reproductive rhythm and is independent of the degree of seasonality of the breed of sheep considered. The effect of body condition involves the AMPK system to alter the amplitude of the daily and endogenous rhythm of secretion of melatonin in the Ile-de-France breed of sheep; a functional implication for this phenomenon remains to be determined. Finally, body condition contributed significantly to the variability of the response of sheep to a treatment with melatonin implants and to the male effect, both performed at the end of the anestrus season for the Ile-de-France breed
Tardif, Simon. "Régionalisation et facteurs de variabilité spatiale des débits saisonniers et extrêmes journaliers au Québec méridional /." Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2005. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/tablemat/24053423TM.pdf.
Full text"Mémoire présenté sous forme de 3 articles scientifiques. Comprend des réf. bibliogr. Également disponible en format microfiche et PDF.
Dera, Siriki. "Réforme de l'assurance emploi de 2012 et mobilité des travailleurs saisonniers vers les emplois permanents." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26945.
Full textBrousseau, David. "Classification et caractérisation des régimes hydrologiques saisonniers de l'Afrique au moyen de l'analyse statistique multivariée /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2007. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/30007286R.pdf.
Full textBrousseau, David. "Classification et caractérisation des régimes hydrologiques saisonniers de l'Afrique au moyen de l'analyse statistique multivariée." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2007. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1245/1/030007286.pdf.
Full textTardif, Simon. "Régionalisation et facteurs de variabilité spatiale des débits saisonniers et extrêmes journaliers au Québec méridional." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2005. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1906/1/000122257.pdf.
Full textChekour-Bengéloune, Ahlam. "Représentations de la maladie et de la guérison chez les saisonniers agricoles marocains du pays d'Arles." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX20677.
Full textMathe, Christophe. "Étude des changements saisonniers dans la moyenne atmosphère de Titan à partir des données Cassini/CIRS." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEO015.
Full textThis thesis presents my work on the study of seasonal changes in the middle atmosphere of Titan using data from the infrared spectrometer CIRS (Composite InfraRed Spectrometer) aboard the Cassini spacecraft (end of mission in September 2017). During my three years of Ph.D., I focused my study on seasonal changes of the vertical profiles of temperature and abundance of photochemical compounds in Titan’s middle atmosphere, at all latitudes, between 100 and 550 km altitude, and from the middle of the northern winter to the early northern summer. The study of these vertical profiles allows us to constrain the atmospheric dynamics and chemistry.I analyzed data from the Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer CIRS, and I focused my study on infrared spectra between 590 and 1500 cm-1. In this spectral range, infrared spectra show ro-vibrational bands of photochemical compounds: CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, CH3C2H, C3H8, C4H2, C6H6, CO2, HCN and HC3N. The intensity of the ro-vibrational bands of a molecule depends both on temperature and abundance of the compound. This double dependency leads to some uncertainty on the thermal and abundance vertical profiles retrieved. Assuming that methane (CH4) abundance profile is constant with latitude and using that measured in situ by the GCMS instrument aboard the Huygens probe, we determine the temperature vertical profile from the ν4 band of methane centered at 1305 cm-1. Then we determine the abundance profiles of photochemical compounds using the temperature vertical profile retrieved previously.The data we used have a limb geometry: the infrared spectrum mostly probes an atmospheric layer at an altitude equal to that of the line-of-sight above the surface. This limb geometry yields a vertical resolution around 10 to 40 km (depending on the distance between the spacecraft and Titan) between 100 and 550 km altitude.I used a line-by-line radiative transfer code, modeling infrared spectra at different altitudes, coupled to a constrained linear inversion method that adjusts either the temperature profile or abundance profile in order to reduce the discrepancy between the observed spectrum and the modeled spectrum.To constrain the seasonal changes in the middle atmosphere of Titan, I have analyzed 56 datasets over the 127 flybys performed by the Cassini spacecraft. I first present and discuss results at the polar regions which present strong seasonal changes of temperature and abundances. These changes are due to the existence of a polar vortex that forms during the winter and vanishes during the spring. I then discuss results in equatorial and mid-latitude regions which present weak seasonal changes. These vertical profiles of temperature and abundances are less affected by the atmospheric dynamics, and they can be compared with one-dimensional photochemical models that do not account for the atmospheric circulation.The last part deals with the seasonal changes of 12C/13C and 14N/15N isotopic ratios in HCN, using prior results of temperature and abundances
Grisolle, Florence. "Les condensats saisonniers de Mars : étude expérimentale de la formation et du métamorphisme de glaces de CO2." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01010519.
Full textPhilippe, Sylvain. "Microphysique des processus saisonniers des glaces de Mars et Pluton : suivi par télédétection hyperspectrale et étude expérimentale." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAU026/document.
Full textThe condensation/sublimation cycle of CO2 controls the martian climate and, in winter, forms frozen seasonal deposits, contaminated with water ice and dust. This thesis’ objective is to unders- tand, characterize, and if possible, to quantify the different microphysical processes occuring in the seasonal deposits during this condensation/sublimation cycle, with the insight of experimental simulation of these processes inside the CarboN-IR experimental cell. The CO2 ice condensation in a polycristalline form on a mineral regolith, the modification of the CO2 ice condensation regime in the martian polar night due to the presence of non condensable gases, the stratification of water ice onto CO2 ice during the sublimation of the seasonal deposits and the increase of the albedo of CO2 slab ice during its springtime sublimation are all phenomena that have been reproduced successfully inside the experiemental cell. The CO2 slab ice condensation on the Martian surface has been observed during its formation, in autumn, at lower latitudes than polar night limit with hyperspectral imaging from the OMEGA spectrometer onboard of the Mars Express probe. Yet the farthest object explored in the solar system, Pluto, shares many similarities with Mars, parti- cularly a partial icy cover of its surface (of CH4, N2 and CO ices for Pluto) in equilibrium with its atmosphere. The evolution of these ices can be considered similar in terms of the surface pro- cesses affecting them : stratification of ices in function of their volatility during their sublimation or condensation at the surface, formation of slab ice ... The hyperspectral imagery data (LEISA), provided by the New Horizons probe during its Pluto’s flyby in july 2015, allowed to determine the accurate cartography of chemical species at the surface, along with their physical state - the preliminary steps of any geological interpretation
Tonguet-Papucci, Audrey. "Evaluation de transferts monétaires saisonniers et pluriannuels pour la prévention de la malnutrition aiguë : le projet MAM’Out." Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2017. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02948478.
Full textChild wasting is a public health issue but evidence gaps remain concerning preventive strategies not primarily based on food products. Cash transfers, increasingly implemented in emergency and developing contexts, have the potential to prevent under-nutrition by acting on several underlying causes including food insecurity, access to basic services and goods. However, to date, no study with a strong design explored the link between seasonal unconditional cash transfers (UCTs) and the prevention of acute malnutrition. UCTs were proven to have positive effects on food availability and food access. Inconsistent evidence was reported concerning the effects of UCTs on the quality of children’s diet, health care and psychosocial well-being of families benefiting from UCTs. In this framework, the MAM’Out research project was launched to assess the effects of multiannual seasonal UCT targeted to women on the prevention of child acute malnutrition in rural areas of Burkina Faso. In this two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial, one group benefited from cash transfers via mobile phones during 5 months yearly and the other arm was a comparison group. Qualitative data were collected each month of the cash transfer period for two years among various participants. The two main declared domains of expenses were food and health care for the child and the whole family. The program was also associated with positive perceived changes at the household level, mainly related to gender equality and improvement of women’s status, and favored the social integration of the poorest at the community level through cash sharing. Unexpected reported effects of this program included increased pregnancy plans of some women. The effect of cash transfer on diet quality was assessed using two 24h-dietary recall surveys carried out in July and August 2014 on a subsample of children from both arms. Results showed that seasonal UCT are associated with improved child’s diet among 14 to 29-month old children, particularly higher consumption of animal products, higher intake of iron rich or iron fortified food and higher fat and vitamins B12 intake compared to the control group. No difference was found for energy and protein intake between both groups. Moreover, two third of the children from the cash group had an adequate minimum dietary diversity compared to only one third in the control group. However, children from both groups had a suboptimal quality of diet during the lean season. Besides, anthropometric measurements and morbidity were recorded on quarterly basis for more than two years. Children in the intervention group had a lower risk of self-reported respiratory tract infection compared to children in the control group. However, neither the number of cumulative episode of wasting nor the end point anthropometric markers of nutritional status differ between children from the intervention and control group. Seasonal UCT should be considered when looking at actions to improve child’s diet in the framework of safety net programs. As far as the reduction of child wasting is concerned, an integrated approach combining cash and one or several other components identified as a key factors leading to acute malnutrition in the region should be preferred
Auger, Émilie. "« Mon camion, c’est ma maison ». L’expérience d’un mode de vie alternatif et les remaniements identitaires de jeunes saisonniers nomades." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0097.
Full textLiving in a converted truck is a phenomenon that has continued to grow since the COVID-19 crisis. People, having been forced to stay at home for an extended period, felt the need for unlimited access to freedom through travel. Thus, the phenomenon of “vanlife” has grown and it is no longer surprising to hear that people have chosen to take a sabbatical year to go on a “roadtrip”. However, the young people who interest us in this thesis are far from “Instagram” travelers, “digital nomads” or “teletravelers”. They chose to live in a “residential vehicle” to be able to move around according to the seasonal agricultural jobs available to them. Indeed, seasonal agricultural nomadism is not a new phenomenon since agriculture has always needed its share of non-regular employees. In fact, seasonal agricultural employees historically constitute a social group disadvantaged by the precariousness of their employment contracts and their little access to social rights. Despite the precarious living conditions induced by their lifestyle, the young people we met expressed that they had chosen to live in this way in an assertive posture of societal alternative. This posture questioned us about the real and symbolic benefits that these young people could draw from their nomadic experience by accepting a life on the margins without employment or stable housing while they are at an age of life where they are supposed to find their place in the society. Through an ethnographic survey carried out among 58 nomadic seasonal workers stationed in several camps and squats in the Médoc territory, this investigation focuses on the reality of the daily life of these young people and is also based on 33 biographical interviews to place their reality in the here and now in connection with their history. This thesis aims to show that the nomadic lifestyle does not depend solely on a structural constraint relating to precariousness and linked to the discontinuity of employment and the lack of housing in general and that allocated to nomadic seasonal agricultural workers in particular but rather a choice, for these young people, to adopt an alternative culture as an identity support. The first part of this manuscript is devoted to the issues surrounding the transitional phase represented by youth by describing, as closely as possible, how these young people appropriate the margins and mobility as spaces for socialization. Secondly, our research aims to show how the symbolic and spatio-temporal dynamics of seasonal nomadism have a fundamental existential role for these young people to the extent that there develop territorial logics, logics of appropriation, adaptation, anchoring and creation. The third part focuses on the singularity of the paths of young seasonal workers in order to better understand what, in their life stories, could have led them to opt for an alternative lifestyle, to maintain it and to leave it. A final part focuses on the experience of seasonal nomads and their integration into alternative culture as a process of circular identity construction in a context where people are increasingly asked to be autonomous and to be able to define who they are, several times during their lives
Appere, Thomas. "Cycle actuel de l'eau sur Mars : étude des dépôts saisonniers de l'hémisphère nord par télédétection hyperspectrale (OMEGA/Mars Express)." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00745121.
Full textGuillemette, Simon. "Effets du climat et des conditions météorologiques locales sur les changements de masse saisonniers du mouflon d'Amérique (Ovis Canadensis)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9520.
Full textMauger, Manuelle. "Les matériaux siliceux utilisés au paléolithique supérieur en Ile de France : occupation du territoire, déplacements et approche des mouvements saisonniers." Paris 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA01A007.
Full textSaint, Jalme Michel. "La reproduction chez la caille des blés (Coturnix coturnix coturnix) : études expérimentales des cycles saisonniers et de la variabilité interindividuelle." Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN10106.
Full textBoukari, Noureddine. "Emplois saisonniers, assurance-emploi et offre de travail des couples : une analyse économique empirique appliquée à la réforme de 2012." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66716.
Full textA generous employment insurance system to protect those who lose their job does not encourage them to look for work. The 2012 Employment Insurance Reform in Canada is part of a long series of legislative changes in employment insurance policies aimed at encouraging the unemployed, and more specifically seasonal workers who are the most frequent claimants, to return to work. In this thesis, we use the Double Difference Regression Method to study the effect of this reform on couples. According to our results, the objective sought through this public policy seems to have been achieved, by stimulating the research and the acceptance of new jobs among men workers in the seasonal industry. On the other hand, there appears to be no negative impact of the Added Worker Effect on their spouses.
Chaillet, Gilles. "Chronobiologie et troubles de l'humeur saisonniers : données de la littérature, effets du lithium et d'un neuroleptique sur l'hibernation du hamster d'Europe." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR1M297.
Full textJay, Mathieu. "Étude des facteurs psychosociaux permettant de prédire le turnover volontaire et l’engagement au travail des travailleurs saisonniers : étude en station de sports d’hiver." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCC013/document.
Full textOur research focuses on seasonal workers in ski resorts in winter. Little research has been done in this area.. Yet seasonal workers in stations are numerous (400 000) (Aboubadra-Pauly et al.,2016) and are exposed to specific stressors (job insecurity, isolation, climate, accommodation, social invisibility, etc.) which often lead them to abandon their workstation. Dropping out can be perceived as a failure that can lead to situations of insecurity, loss of social connection and low self-esteem. Workers abandoning their posts also have significant economic consequences for companies. It is thus necessary to study, in a forward-looking approach, the personal factors (personality, age, family situation), context (accomodation, job, pay, etc.) and psychosocialfactors (psychological demands, decisional latitude, social support, Person-Organization fit (PO fit), job satisfaction) predicting a good adjustment to seasonal occupations. Our adjustment indicators are : voluntary turnover (during the season) and engagement at work (measured with the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale). One hundred and sixty-one subjects were evaluated 3 times (before, during, and at the end of the season). The results show that the personality ofseasonal workers (according to Big Five taxonomy) has little influence on turnover and the engagement scale. We also highlight the mediating effect of job satisfaction between the PO Fit and turnover. Furthermore, we find direct links between professional stressors, instruction adequacy, responsibilities, wage, accomodation, work experience, coping strategies, PO Fit and work engagement. The links between our two criteria (commitment and voluntary turnover) arealso studied. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed
Samaran, Flore. "ANALYSE DES SIGNAUX ACOUSTIQUES D'ORIGINE BIOLOGIQUE ENREGISTRES DANS L'OCEAN INDIEN : IMPLICATIONS DANS LE RECENSEMENT ET LE SUIVI DES MOUVEMENTS SAISONNIERS DES CETACES." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00365083.
Full textSamaran, Flore. "Analyse des signaux acoustiques d'origine biologique enregistrés dans l'océan Indien : implications dans le recensement et le suivi des mouvements saisonniers des cétacés." La Rochelle, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LAROS248.
Full textThe main goal of this PhD was to improve knowledge about the current occurrence and seasonal distribution pattern of baleen whales in the southwestern Indian Ocean. The intensive whaling during the 20th century reduced dramatically baleen whale population to near extinction. The lack of information about the current occurrence and distribution of baleen whale underscore the difficulty to study these species with traditional visual survey in the Southern Ocean. Here, one year of acoustic observations in sub Antarctic area (near Crozet archipelago) was examined to assess baleen whale presence by using species specific calls in a detection distance range of approximately 250km (estimate from parabolic equation propagation loss models). Fin whale calls, Antarctic blue whale calls and pygmy blue whale (Madagascar type and Australia type) calls were detected. The variation of call number over one year revealed different patterns of whale occurrence. Detection of fin whale calls were very scarce and occur only during winter and fall time. Antarctic blue whale calls were detected year round, but the decrease of calls number during summer time suggests, on the one hand, one part of Antarctic blue whale population leave the area during winter, probably to migrate and spend feeding period in higher latitude, and on the other hand another part of the population seems to stay in the sub Antarctic area. In the same time, and only during this specific feeding season, pygmy blue whale calls were detected in this area. Occurrence of these two blue whale sub-species during summer period suggests that this specific area could be a high biological productivity region which represents a baleen whale feeding ground
Schmidt, Frédéric. "Classification de la surface de Mars par imagerie hyperspectrale OMEGA. Suivi spatio-temporel et étude des dépôts saisonniers de CO2 et H2O." Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10200.
Full textImaging spectrometer, the last generation of space instruments, strongly modify the study of planetary surfaces. Those detectors record manifold hyperspectral images (an image for which each pixel is associated with a spectrum). Such instrument allows us to follow the soil optical properties through space and time. The first objective of my thesis is to propose some tools to analyse a huge amount of images and spectra in planetological perspectives. Two types of methods are introduced to examine the data acquired by the OMEGA instrument (Mars Express/ESA) : (i) WAVANGLET, a fast detection algorithm to identify the presence of chemical species at the ground, (ii) JADE+BPSS, a blind source separation method that is able to detect chemical species without a priori. The Martian annual cycle of CO2 consist of an exchange between surface and atmosphere, which is particularly relevant in Polar Regions. During the polar night, atmospherical CO2 condensate at the ground, whereas it starts to sublimate again during the spring, when the solar light heat up the surface. This major climatic cycle has been revealed in the 1960th but even today, the microphysic of interaction between surface and atmosphere is still unknown. The second objective of this thesis is to build a model of the seasonal deposit sublimation. The mass balance is simulated by a radiative balance on a rough surface. The confrontation of this model with various dataset shows that the seasonal south polar cap sublimation is mainly controlled by its albedo. Further studies must determine the exact mechanisms in the origin of this albedo variability (metamorphism, dust contamination,. . . )
CHOMIER, REGIS. "Le trouble affectif saisonnier : une nouvelle entite nosographique ?" Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M324.
Full textBecquer, Thierry. "Production endogène de protons par les cycles de l'azote et du soufre dans deux sapinières vosgiennes : bilans saisonniers et incidence sur la toxicité de l'aluminium." Nancy 1, 1991. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1991_0024_BECQUER.pdf.
Full textLeBlanc, Mylène. "La densité de population et le climat effets sur le dimorphisme sexuel, la masse corporelle et les changements saisonniers de masse du mouflon d'Amérique (Ovis canadensis)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2001. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4522.
Full textLeBlanc, Mylène. "La densité de population et le climat : effets sur le dimorphisme sexuel, la masse corporelle et les changements saisonniers de masse du mouflon d'Amérique (Ovis canadensis)." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2001.
Find full textFromard, Louise. "Etude du transport des glucides entre les cellules associées aux vaisseaux (cav) et les vaisseaux chez acer platanoïdes et robinia pseudoacacia : incidence des facteurs saisonniers et climatiques." Poitiers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990POIT2268.
Full textNgakegni-Limbili, Adolphe Christian. "Etude de synergie des effets chimiques et biologiques des lipides de réserve et des huiles essentielles des fruits et graines saisonniers de la sous-région Afrique Centrale." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0059/document.
Full textThe composition of essential oils and fat of seasonal fruits and seeds of four plant species from the Congo (Aframomum stipulatum (Gagnep) K. Schum, Aframomum giganteum (Oliv. and Hand) K. Schum, Spondias mombin L. and Nephelium lappaceum L.), was determined by the combined use of mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. The results were used for understanding the bio-accumulation of essential oils and the storage of lipids in the organs of different species. In the case of the genus Aframomum, seeds and fruit shells are both sources of essential oils and fat. Seeds essential oils of the two species of Aframomun were rich in hydrocarbon and oxygenated monoterpene compounds such as β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, phellandrene, with significant levels of sesquiterpenes (α-selinene and β-caryophyllene). The shells essential oils of the same two species appear to be more rich in oxygenated monoterpenes than seeds, with a large structural features (β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, linalool for A. giganteum and b-pinene, terpineol, 1.8 -cineole for A. stipulatum). It is notified in both species that despite the different unit processes used, the presence of lipid with a fatty acid profile of the type palmitic-linoleic. Only lipids have been characterized from Spondias mombin L. and Nephelium lappaceum L.. The different parts of the fruit of Spondias mombin are dominated, like Aframomum, by the presence of palmitic-linoleic with a large presence of hentriacontane in the oil fruit skins. The kernel oil Nephelium lappaceum is distinguished by its wealth of arachidic acid C20:0 and 11-eicosénoïc acid C20:1. The four species contained in phytosterols and tocopherols. Testing promising formulation of herbal products were made with mixtures of surfactants, α-monoglycerides and essential oils from seeds of A. giganteum. Antimicrobial, anticancer, antimalarial and anti-radical activities were evaluated on the essential oils on the lipid as well as on the synthetic analogs of lipid alone or in combination. The results are promising
Lartaud, Franck. "Les fluctuations haute fréquence de l'environnement au cours des temps géologiques : mise au point d'un modèle de référence actuel sur l'enregistrement des contrastes saisonniers dans l'Atlantique nord." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066455.
Full textGernez, Pierre. "Analyse de la variabilité temporelle des propriétés optiques en mer Ligure depuis un moiullage instrumenté (site Boussole) : fluctuations à haute fréquence, cyclicité diurne, changements saisonniers et variabilité interannuelle." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066644.
Full textLavigne, Héloïse. "Impact de la variabilité saisonnière de la profondeur de la couche de mélange sur le cycle saisonnier du phytoplancton en Méditerranée." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066493.
Full textIn the Mediterranean Sea, different phytoplankton seasonal cycles characteristic of subtropical and subpolar oceanic regions coexist in a small latitudinal range. Although many other factors have to be considered, the variability of the mixed layer depth (MLD) plays a significant role in the control of phytoplankton seasonal cycles in temperate regions. In the Mediterranean, the MLD, which results of the interactions between the complex oceanic circulation and the highly contrasted atmospheric forcing, is highly variable and its impact on phytoplankton seasonal cycles is weakly understood. Then, the present manuscript aims to determine to what extend the MLD seasonality can explain phytoplankton biomass seasonality in the Mediterranean Sea. Based on satellite and in situ (including Bio-Argo) datasets, the seasonal cycles of MLD and chlorophyll concentration as well as their interactions were characterized and quantified. Our results demonstrated that the MLD roughly explains the spatial distribution of typical phytoplankton cycles although the link between the MLD and chlorophyll concentration turned out to be complex. This link shows regional inconsistencies which were resolved by considering the spatio-temporal distribution of nitrate concentration. On the basis of results, several hypotheses were then proposed to explain the three main seasonal cycles of phytoplankton biomass. These hypotheses involve not only the control of nutrient and light availability by the MLD, but also the turbulent mixing which homogenises phytoplankton cells in the mixed layer
Heran, Tamara. "Le monde invisible du travail de l’agro-industrie d’exportation au Chili : étude de la vallée du Limarí." Paris, EHESS, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01114757.
Full textMuch of the research and indicators regarding development corne from officiai statistics. But what can we say about the invisible world generated by socioeconomic and cultural transformations underlying the development processes? This research looks at this invisible world, focusing on the changes brought about by the economic and social development strategies implemented in recent decades in Chile, particularly in agricultural labor. The agricultural world in particular, together with the farm work itself, which has been the focus of development for centuries, has undergone profound changes in its structure, its forms of production, its work models and its social and gender relations. In this context, temporary farm work for temporeros and temporeras in the agribusiness export industry, has become an opportunity for hundreds of thousands of Chileans. This research analyzes the social transformations that specific development strategies have triggered in farm work and in rural areas, thanks to temporary offers of work. It examines the configuration of an invisible world defined among others by precarious, often informal jobs, female labor, social and gender relations, social and work identities. Based on ethnographic research in the Limarí Valley and using a methodology consisting of participant observations, interviews and questionnaires this study examines the dynamics and representations of the invisible world of seasonal agricultural work
Couture, Hugo. "Les jeunes migrants québécois dans les vallées fruitières de la Colombie-Britannique : ethnographie d'une forme de mobilité." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26151/26151.pdf.
Full textBaghioni, Liza. "Faire les saisons, se faire aux saisons : une ethnologie du travail dans des stations de tourisme." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3106.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the social condition of seasonal workers in tourism from an ethnological point of view. These seasonal workers carry out their activities in tourist resorts in the South East of France and are subject to flexible and unsecure employment policies. This form of intermittent employment implies geographic and professional mobility which corresponds to the rhythms and requirements of the tourism sector. These workers question the dominant set of norms regarding employment, social rhythms and lifestyles. Their socially depreciated work is considered as transitional. Nevertheless, many of them “work the seasons” for many years, sometimes during their whole working life. How do they manage to “have a career” within a precarious employment system? The analysis looks at the position of the seasonal workers in the companies and within the tourist resort. This research shows that these workers are subject to a mechanism of social invisibilization. The study also encompasses work organization in the context of large variations in the amount of working hours. Finally, the analysis looks at the various ways of coping with intermittent revenues (during the between seasons periods as well). We will consider long term trajectories of seasonal workers.The relationship between work and non-work is at the center of this research. Being concerned with the living conditions of these tourism workers leads to a broader consideration of the position of work and leisure and the sense of norm and autonomy in our society
Hue, Vincent. "Modélisations photochimiques saisonnières des stratosphères de Jupiter et Saturne." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0155/document.
Full textOne of the goals of this thesis is to interpret the observations of the main hydrocarbons(C2H2 and C2H6) from Cassini (NASA/ESA) on Jupiter and Saturn. The one-dimensional photochemical models are insufficient to explain these spatially resolved observations. I have developed the first two-dimensional (altitude-latitude) seasonal photochemical model for the giant planets, which predicts their chemical composition.Without meridional transport, Saturn’s chemical composition follows the insolation variations. The C2H2 and C2H6 abundances measured by Cassini (Guerlet et al., 2009)are reproduced from the equator up to mid-latitudes, at pressures higher than 0.1mbar.At higher latitudes, the disagreements suggest either a stratospheric circulation cell orthe signature of ion-neutral chemistry. For the first time, I have coupled our seasonal photochemical model with the seasonal radiative model of Greathouse et al. (2008). I predict that the seasonal temperature peak is shifted half a season earlier, with respect to previous models, at high latitudes in the higher stratosphere.Jupiter shows weak seasonal variations of chemical composition, only controlled by its orbital eccentricity. The observed meridional distributions of C2H2 and C2H6 show opposition trends (Nixon et al., 2010). C2H6 observed distribution is reproduced when Isuppose a combination of meridional diffusion and stratospheric circulation, while causingat the same time a stronger agreement with the C2H2 observations. Accounting for theion-neutral chemistry might preferentially affect C2H2 and potentially play a key role on hydrocarbon abundances in Jupiter’s stratosphere