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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Salamandra salamandra'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Siegel, Stefan. "Feuersalamander - Salamandra salamandra." Sächsisches Staatsministerium für Umwelt und Landwirtschaft (SMUL), 2014. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75800.

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Der Feuersalamander (Salamandra salamandra) ist eine von 18 in Sachsen vorkommenden Amphibienarten. Dieser Schwanzlurch kann etwa 20 cm lang werden und ist mit seiner gelben Flecken- oder Streifenzeichnung auf schwarzem Grund unverwechselbar. Diese signalisiert seinen Feinden, dass er nicht genießbar ist, denn auf seiner Haut befinden sich Drüsen, aus denen er das Gift Samandarin absondert. Deshalb haben erwachsene Feuersalamander auch kaum Feinde. In Gefangenschaft können die Tiere über 50 Jahre alt werden. Jeder Salamander besitzt ein individuelles Fleckenmuster und so kann man die Lurche in freier Wildbahn über lange Zeit beobachten. Bereits bei den mit Büschelkiemen ausgestatteten Larven kann man an jedem Beinansatz einen gelben Fleck erkennen, was sie von den sehr ähnlichen Molchlarven unterscheidet. Zur besseren Abschätzung des Gesamtvorkommens sowie von Rückgangs- bzw. Verlustursachen werden zurzeit alle potenziellen Lebensräume sowie frühere Fundorte auf das aktuelle Vorkommen der Art überprüft. Hierfür brauchen wir Ihre Mithilfe. Wenn Sie Feuersalamander oder deren Larven entdeckt haben, dann schreiben Sie uns Ihre Beobachtung mit Anzahl, Ort, Datum sowie Fundumstände bzw. Verhalten, wenn möglich mit Foto, per Post oder E-Mail an: Sächsisches Landesamt für Umwelt, Landwirtschaft und Geologie, Ref. 62 Artenschutz, Stichwort „Feuersalamander“, Pillnitzer Platz 3, 01326 Dresden oder per E-Mail an: artenerfassung.lfulg@smul.sachsen.de Redaktionsschluss: 29.08.2014

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2

Burgon, James D. "Evolutionary and genomic associations of colour and pattern in fire and Alpine salamanders (Salamandra spp.)." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9029/.

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Animal colouration is associated with a multitude of ecologically adaptive traits known to drive biological diversification, from predator avoidance to physiological regulation. As such, it is an ideal system in which to study the evolutionary patterns and processes that generate and maintain biological diversity. Within the terrestrial vertebrates, amphibians display some of the greatest complexity and variation in terms of colour patterning, with the salamander genus Salamandra particularly renowned for its colour diversity. Typically, Salamandra species present bright, highly variable yellow-black patterns consisting of spots and/or stripes, which are thought to hold an aposematic (warning) function related to their toxic secretions. In addition to this, individual species and populations have evolved melanic, fully yellow and fully brown colourations, with gradations seen in-between. Importantly, there are also indications of parallel colour pattern evolution, making Salamandra an attractive system for studying the repeated evolution of adaptive phenotypes. However, the genus currently lacks phylogenetic resolution, and the molecular mechanisms underlying amphibian colouration are poorly understood. In this thesis, I aim to fill both of these knowledge gaps through the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, which offer both unpredicted opportunities to resolve systematically challenging relationships and allow us to study the genetic basis of ecologically adaptive phenotypes in wild non-model organism. In Chapter 2 we reconstruct the controversial interspecies phylogeny of Salamandra using three largely independent phylogenomic data sets. First, using restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq), I genotyped representatives of all six currently recognised Salamandra species (and two outgroup species from its sister genus Lyciasalamandra). This was combined with nuclear protein-coding sequences derived from RNA-Seq and full mitochondrial genomes. Analyses of concatenated RNA-Seq and RAD-Seq data retrieved well supported, fully congruent topologies that placed: (1) S. infraimmaculata as sister to all other species in the genus; (2) S. algira sister to S. salamandra; (3) these two species sister to a clade containing S. atra, S. corsica and S. lanzai; and (4) the Alpine species S. atra and S. lanzai as sister taxa. The phylogeny inferred from mitochondrial genomes differed from this in its placement of S. corsica, as did species tree analyses of RNA-Seq and RAD-Seq data. However, the general congruence among topologies recovered from the RNA-Seq and RAD-Seq data sets gives us confidence in our methodologies and results. In Chapter 3, I perform more in-depth phylogenomic analyses, using RAD-Seq to genotype 231 salamanders from across the taxonomic and geographic breadth of Salamandra. Both Bayesian and maximum likelihood based analyses of concatenated RAD-loci (comprising 187,080–294,300 nt of sequence data) returned well-supported, largely congruent topologies that supported the monophyly of all six currently recognised species. However, the placement of S. corsica was again unclear, and data filtering parameters were found to have a great impact on downstream analyses. Further, I identified undescribed diversity within the North African species (S. algira) and find that 43% of S. salamandra subspecies do not meet a criterion of monophyly. Following this, I use the phylogenetic hypothesis generated to assess the parallel evolution of reproductive (parity) mode and two colour phenotypes (melanism and stripe formation) through ancestral state reconstruction analyses. I find that pueriparity (giving birth to fully metamorphosed juveniles) has independently arisen in at least four lineages, melanism in at least five, and a striped phenotype in least two, all from a common yellow-black spotted larviparous (larvae depositing) ancestor. Finally, in Chapter 4, I leverage and highly colour-variable lineage of the European fire salamander (S. salamandra bernardezi) to identify genetic associations with colour, test for selection on colouration, and test the relationship between colour phenotype and toxicity (the functional basis of aposematism). I show that, within a geographically restricted region, colour phenotypes form a gradient of variation, from fully yellow to fully brown, through a yellow-black striped pattern. Population genetic analyses suggest a sympatric evolutionary origin for this colour variation, and I found no association between a salamanders colour pattern and the metabolomic profile of its toxic secretions, which calls into question the adaptive significance attributed to these striking colourations. Following this, I identified significantly differentially expressed genes between skin colours using transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) analyses and genomic loci associated to representative colour phenotypes (yellow, brown and striped) using RAD-Seq approaches. I also found signals of selection on genomic loci between representative colour phenotypes, several of which overlap with genomic analyses. Overall, my results provide greater phylogenetic resolution for the genus Salamandra than ever before, revealing the need for taxonomic revisions and confirming the convergent (or parallel) evolution of both reproductive and colour phenotypes. My data also represents a significant contribution to our understanding of the genetic basis of amphibian colouration, providing a valuable resource for future comparative research on vertebrate colour evolution.

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3

PISA, GIULIA. "Evaluation of ecological network effectiveness by means of gene flow analysis." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/51785.

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The aim of this project is to study the fragmentation in broad-leaved forests, so the species selected were mainly linked to this ecosystem. Almost all amphibian species are model candidates for studies of fragmentation effects on connectivity: in fact most amphibian species occur as metapopulations; in addition, they are a taxon particularly susceptible to isolation, as they generally have low dispersal capabilities and are rather philopatric to breeding sites. These characteristics often lead to high genetic differentiation, even at restricted scales. In particular we choose the Fire Salamander (Salamandra salamandra, AMPHIBIA, URODELA) that is strongly linked to broad-leaved forest ecosystems, depends on ecosystem processes (such as those that allow the development of an adequate litter structure); is strongly affected by specific resources (such as hydrology, some chemical and physical water parameters); and it is also limited by a low dispersal capability. However not only amphibian species are affected by habitat fragmentation, also arboreal mammals, such tree squirrels and dormice, are often more threatened than other species due to their low dispersal capability in absence of structural connection between habitat patches. In European regions, various single-species studies have been carried out, suggesting similar responses in this guild of mammals. Among them, the Hazel Dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius, RODENTIA, GLIRIDAE) is an arboreal rodent living in woodland and hedgerows, whose presence is negatively affected by fragmentation. For its poor conservation status and negative long-term trend in almost all Europe, the species is included in the Annex IV of the 92/43/ECC Directive (Habitat Directive), concerning species that require a strict protection regime that must be applied across their entire natural range within the EU. For this reason we sampled also the Hazel Dormouse that can be defined as a focal species sensu Lambeck (1997) at least for three out four ecological traits (they are limited by resources, dispersal capability, and ecological processes). We choose two different areas of study, both affected by the habitat fragmentation: Lombardy Region (Northern Italy, where we worked on the Fire Salamander), and Latium Region (central Italy, where we sampled the Dormouse). In both regions we sampled a fragmented forest area and a continuous one, our control.

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4

Campos, Ângela Vieira. "Os sentidos do fogo: corpo e otredad em Salamandra, de Octavio Paz." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1046.

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A tese propõe um diálogo entre poesia e filosofia, com o objetivo de analisar os poemas do livro Salamandra, de Octavio Paz e de demonstrar a construção do corpo em sua relação com o conceito de otredad, evidenciado pelo autor em suas obras críticas. A partir do poema "Noche en claro", destaca-se, inicialmente, o diálogo de Paz com o movimento surrealista e se estabelecem outras discussões tais como a relação do eu-lírico com o tempo e com o corpo da cidade. Considera-se ainda a otredad na perspectiva da conciliação dos opostos, observando-se as relações analógicas entre microcosmos e macrocosmos. Nesse sentido, procede-se à análise dos poemas que apontam para a conexão entre o corpo humano e a natureza. Por fim, discute-se o poema "Salamandra", considerando-se a multiplicidade de corpos que o atravessa, bem como as proliferações do signo do animal que se desdobra a partir dos conhecimentos da alquimia presentes nesse texto. Todos esses movimentos de leitura têm o fogo como um elemento direcionador, seja para se pensar o corpo em sua dupla chama de amor e de erotismo, conforme o demonstra Octavio Paz em sua obra, seja para designar o devir, conforme o pensamento de Heráclito, ou mesmo para se abrir a uma poética do fogo, para se pensar com Gaston Bachelard. Os poemas e os textos críticos de Paz suscitam, ainda, o pensamento sobre a vitalidade e a potência dos corpos, para tanto, tornou-se necessário abordar as obras de pensadores como Nietzsche, Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari.
This thesis proposes a dialogue between poetry and philosophy, aiming at analyzing the book Salamandra by Octavio Paz, and also showing the construction of the body in relation to the otredad concept, which is evident in this author‘s critical works. From ―Noche en claro‖ poem, the dialogue between Paz and the surreal movement is initially highlighted, and other discussions are established, such as the relationship between the lyric ―I‖, time and the city body. Otredad is also considered in the perspective of an opposite conciliation taking into account the analogical relations between microcosms and macrocosms. Then, in this sense, the poems analysis point to the connection of the human body with nature. In the end, Salamandra poem is discussed concerning the multiplicity of bodies that pass by it, as well as proliferations of the animal sign unfolded from the Alchemy knowledges in the text. All these reading movements have the fire as a directing element, either in order to consider the body with its dual flame of love and eroticism, as Octavio Paz demonstrates in his works, or to nominate the ―devenir‖ according to Heraclito‘s thought, or even to open a fire poetics, considering Gaston Bachelard‘s term. Paz‘s poems and critical texts also arise the thought about the bodies‘ vitality and power, so it was necessary to approach works by Nietzche, Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari.

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5

Teixeira, José Fernando Alves. "Biogeografia de Salamandra-Lusitânica, Chioglossa lusitanica : Utilização de sistemas de informação geográfica na modelação da distribuição." Master's thesis, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/10080.

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6

Teixeira, José Fernando Alves. "Biogeografia de Salamandra-Lusitânica, Chioglossa lusitanica : Utilização de sistemas de informação geográfica na modelação da distribuição." Dissertação, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/10080.

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7

Alexandrino, João Miguel de Barros. "Diversidade genética e morfológica na Salamandra-lusitânica, Chioglossa Lusitanica (Amphibia: Urodela) : Biogeografia histórica, implicações taxonómicas e conservação." Doctoral thesis, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9899.

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8

Alexandrino, João Miguel de Barros. "Diversidade genética e morfológica na Salamandra-lusitânica, Chioglossa Lusitanica (Amphibia: Urodela) : Biogeografia histórica, implicações taxonómicas e conservação." Tese, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9899.

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9

Aguilera, Hernández Arlene. "Estructura y diversidad genética de una salamandra micro endémica (Pseudoerycea robertsi) y críticamente amenazada del Nevado de Toluca." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/68449.

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Los anfibios están sufriendo la peor crisis de extinción en su historia evolutiva, se considera que recientemente ha ocurrido una reducción drástica de sus poblaciones y áreas de distribución. El factor que más impacta en la disminución de las poblaciones de anfibios mexicanos es la deforestación y transformación del hábitat; esta fragmentación provoca en muchos casos el aislamiento de las poblaciones, generando una depresión por endogamia. Favoreciendo que las poblaciones o especies sean vulnerables a procesos estocásticos que pueden llevar a extinciones locales o totales, ya que debajo de un cierto tamaño poblacional se reduce la adecuación y se genera un ciclo de deriva génica. Pseudoeurycea robertsi es una salamandra microendémica (familia Pletodontidae), con hábitat restringido dentro del Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Nevado de Toluca (APFFNT). En los últimos años, el cambio en las prácticas de uso de suelo, el aumento de los asentamientos humanos y el cambio de protección del APFFNT ha provocado la disminución y calidad del hábitat donde radica P.robertsi. Estas características favorecen procesos de perdida de diversidad genética, cuellos de botella y por lo tanto deriva génica que podrían poner en riesgo a la especie. Para evaluar la hipótesis de que la fragmentación antropogenica y la distancia geográfica repercute en la diversidad genética y la estructura poblacional de P. robertsi, se colectaron 96 individuos de 6 poblaciones utilizando 9 loci de microsatélites. Así mismo se determinó el posible efecto del tamaño efectivo y la endogamia dentro y entre las poblaciones, para proponer estrategias de conservación que aseguren la conservación de esta salamandra. En general la especie presentó niveles de diversidad genética moderados similar a lo observado en otras especies de anfibios con distribuciones restringidas, sin embargo la población de Palo Seco presentó bajos niveles de diversidad genética comparada con las otras poblaciones de estudio, así como también se encontró fuera del equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg debido a una deficiencia de heterocigotos. El análisis de estructura genética revela que existen tres grupos genéticos, con una estructuración débil. Las localidades de Amanalco, Amanalco C, Mesón Viejo y Carretera son un grupo genético, Rancho y Palo seco representan otro grupo genético cada una. El tamaño poblacional efectivo para 9 el total de las poblaciones es bajo pero similar a lo observado en otros anfibios, siendo menor a 50 individuos dependiendo de la frecuencia alélica empleada. Se encontraron evidencias de endogamia en 3 de las poblaciones estudiadas, lo que refuerza la hipótesis de que P. robertsi pasa por un proceso de endogamia, deriva génica o un sesgo reproductivo que está incrementando el parentesco. Dado que se ha encontrado un cuello de botella reciente tomando el total de las poblaciones y en tres de las seis poblaciones bajo estudio, es evidente que se inicia el declive de la población por lo que es necesario aplicar urgentemente estrategias de conservación que garanticen la sobrevivencia de P. robertsi.

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Poiriel, Thierry. "Les alcaloi͏̈des chez la salamandre." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05P156.

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11

Graham, Matthew R. "Distribution and conservation genetics of the cow knob salamander, Plethodon punctatus Highton (Caudata: Plethodontidae)." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2007. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=747.

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Theses (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains ix, 76 pages including illustrations and maps. Includes vitae. Bibliography: p. 65-71.

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12

Lucas, Cynthia F. "Comparisons of morphology and reproductive status of Plethodon glutinosus at high, middle, and low elevations in West Virginia." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2005. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=523.

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Theses (MS .)--Marshall University, 2005.
Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains vii, 66 p. including illustrations and map. Bibliography: p. 23-26.

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13

Myers, Seth J. "An ecological study of the spotted salamander, Ambystoma maculatum, and Jefferson salamander, A. jeffersonianum, in West Virginia." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2003. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=252.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2003.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 111 p. including illustrations. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-38).

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14

Hamilton, Mindy S. "Effects of developmental activities on streamside salamander communities in Boone County, West Virginia." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2002. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=149.

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Crépin, Dominique. "Dynamique migratoire de la Salamandre à deux lignes (Eurycea bislineata) et inventaire de la faune amphibienne de la vallée de la rivière Éternité /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2001. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Peterman, William Earl. "Effects of riparian buffer width on stream salamander populations in the southern Appalachian Mountains." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5732.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on September 12, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Bailey, Larissa Lynn. "Estimating detection probabilities for terrestrial salamanders in Great Smoky Mountains National Park." Connect to this title online, 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08022002-111548/unrestricted/etd.pdf.

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Kimpton, David J. "A comparative study of the diets and morphometrics of two sympatric larval salamanders, gyrinophilus porphyriticus, the spring salamander (Green), and pseudotriton ruber, the red salamander (Latreille) /." Connect to online version, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1989/3563.

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GONZALEZ, FERNANDEZ ANDREA 503894, and FERNANDEZ ANDREA GONZALEZ. "Respuesta de la herpetofauna a la perturbación del hábitat: un análisis multiescalar." Tesis de doctorado, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/98740.

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Tesis doctoral
El cambio de uso de suelo y el cambio climático están amenazando el mantenimiento de la biodiversidad a nivel global. Estos cambios ambientales afectan negativamente parámetros poblacionales como la distribución, abundancia o diversidad genética de muchas especies, incrementando su riesgo de extinción. Los anfibios y reptiles se encuentran entre los grupos de vertebrados más amenazados. El Eje Neovolcánico Transversal (ENT) es una de las provincias biogeográficas de México con mayor riqueza de especies, muchas de ellas endémicas; sin embargo, también es una de las zonas más perturbadas. En esta tesis evalúo la respuesta de la herpetofauna del ENT a los cambios en variables ambientales medidas a diferentes escalas espaciales. El primer capítulo analiza la distribución potencial (presente y futura) de las cinco especies de Thamnophis que se encuentran en el ENT y las variables (climáticas y de uso de suelo) más importantes que explican dicha distribución. Los hallazgos indican que las cinco especies responden negativamente al aumento de la cobertura de vegetación árida. Para T. scalaris y T. scaliger, la distancia al bosque de oyamel (Abies religiosa) fue la variable más importante: su probabilidad de ocurrencia disminuyó en sitios más alejados a estos bosques. Aunque una proporción mayoritaria de la distribución de estas especies se encuentra en el ENT, los resultados sugieren que todas las especies de Thamnophis sufrirán reducciones en sus distribuciones potenciales dentro de esta provincia biogeográfica en el futuro. Por lo tanto, este primer capítulo contribuye a entender la persistencia de este grupo herpetofaunístico ante un escenario de cambio ambiental. El segundo capítulo evalúa la abundancia y diversidad genética de una especie de salamandra (Pseudoeurycea robertsi) microendémica del Nevado de Toluca, y su respuesta a cambios en la cantidad y configuración del hábitat, a escala local y de paisaje. Este estudio demuestra que la abundancia de P. robertsi está más estrechamente relacionada con variables locales y del paisaje que la diversidad genética. La cantidad de hábitat a nivel local (i.e. volumen de troncos caídos) fue el predictor más importante, y se asoció positivamente con la abundancia de individuos y el número de alelos. La configuración del paisaje que rodea a los sitios de muestreo también juega un papel importante. En particular, la densidad de borde tuvo un efecto negativo en todas las variables de respuesta. En ambos estudios, el bosque de oyamel tuvo una importancia clave; en el primero para la presencia de las culebras T. scalaris y T. scaliger, en el segundo ya que se trata del macrohábitat de la salamandra P. robertsi. La preservación de los bosques de oyamel con áreas núcleo bien conservadas y con elevada disponibilidad de troncos caídos debe ser considerada una prioridad de conservación en el ENT. En este sentido, esta provincia biogeográfica tiene la mayor extensión de bosques de oyamel del país (91%), y en este estudio se demuestra que la extensión de estos bosques se ha mantenido estable entre 2002 y 2011. Sin embargo, las nuevas políticas llevadas a cabo en los últimos años en materia ambiental, las cuales reducen las restricciones en áreas de gran importancia ecológica, comprometen potencialmente la preservación de estos bosques y de las especies que de ellos dependen a largo plazo.
UAEMéx Conacyt

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VENTURA, ALESSANDRA. "Investigation on the hybrid zone between the spectacled salamanders salamandrina terdigitata and s. perspicillata: a molecular, cytogenetic and morphological approach." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/202143.

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Chalmers, Rebecca J. "Wetland and Nest Scale Habitat Use by the Four-toed Salamander (Hemidactylium scutatum) in Maine, and a Comparison of Survey Methods." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/ChalmersRJ2004.pdf.

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Diefenbacher, Eric Hugh. "Comparing digit morphology of an arboreal salamander with potential competitors." [Huntington, WV : Marshall University Libraries], 2008. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=856.

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Sevin, Jennifer Ann. "Protecting biodiversity through monitoring of management indicator species questioning designations of Ursus americanus (black bear) and Plethodon jordani (Jordan's salamander) /." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11062003-155421/unrestricted/etd.pdf.

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Wharton, Thomas. "Salamander, a novel." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0013/NQ34711.pdf.

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Dillard, Lester O. "Distribution and habitat of the threatened Cheat Mountain salamander (Plethodon nettingi) at multiple spatial scales in West Virginia forests /." Link to full text, 2007. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/thesis/2007/dillard.pdf.

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Ryan, Travis J. "Expression of a life cycle polymorphism : facultative paedomorphosis in Amybstoma talpiodeum /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974682.

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Keitzer, S. Conor. "Habitat preferences of the eastern hellbender in West Virginia." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2007. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=759.

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Theses (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains vi, 66 pages including color illustrations and maps. Includes vitae. Bibliography: p. 58-64.

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Bartkus, Casey John. "The occurrence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in salamander populations of West Virginia." [Huntington, WV : Marshall University Libraries], 2009. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=944.

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Kelly, Katherine M. "Model Validation and Improvement Using New Data on Habitat Characteristics Important to Forest Salamanders, and Short-Term Effects of Forestry Practices on Salamander Movement and Population Estimates." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36439.

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Amphibians, because of their semi-permeable skin, sensitivity to changing microclimates, and important role in ecosystems, are often viewed as indicators of ecosystem health. They make excellent organisms for studies on the effects of silvicultural practices. My goal was to provide recommendations for forest management in the southern Appalachians so that harvesting operations are compatible with maintaining healthy populations of forest amphibians. I tested previously created habitat models that determined the most important habitat characteristics for salamanders. I counted salamanders in 240 10 x 10 m plots located in the MeadWestvaco Wildlife and Ecosystem Research Forest in north-central West Virginia. We also collected a variety of habitat data in these plots to predict salamander abundance with previously created models. These simple linear regression analyses of predicted versus observed values suggest for most models (7 out of 9) a weak relationship between predicted and observed values (R2 from 0.0033 to 0.2869, p from < 0.0001 to 0.7490). However, one of the models showed characteristics suggesting that it predicted new data as well or better than the original data, and therefore was the most accurate at predicting salamander abundance, and could be used for management purposes, although there was still much unexplained variation. This model included the variables woody stems (< 7.5 cm DBH), available rock, riparian status (i.e., within 15 m of a stream), percent overstory canopy cover, and available highly decomposed woody debris (decomposition classes 3 to 5). All of these relationships were positive except for woody stems, suggesting that in order to maintain healthy populations of salamanders, we should protect areas next to streams, with high amounts of rock, decomposed woody debris, overstory canopy cover, and few woody stems. I also examined the immediate effects of clearcuts on salamander movement and population estimates. I batch marked salamanders in plots at the edges of a clearcut, and in a control plot. Using the Schnabel estimator, I estimated population sizes in each plot. I then compared population estimates pre- and post-harvest on the interior (harvested) and exterior (unharvested) sides of the plots, taking into account the control plot. I also examined adult-juvenile ratios and movements from one side of the plot to the other. I found no significant changes (p > 0.05) following harvest in any of these measures, suggesting that salamanders do not move out of the harvested area post-harvest, at least over the short term (10 months of this study). This suggests that a longer period of time (> 1 year) is required to observe the population declines detected in most studies.
Master of Science

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Crawford, John A. "Beyond the edge : riparian habitat use and forest management effects on stream salamanders in the southern Appalachian mountains /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4758.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on November 27, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Bond, Tristan. "A study of the genus Desmognathus in West Virginia, with emphasis on Desmognathus welteri, the black mountain salamander." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2007. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=788.

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Potter, Maria Louise. "AFLP fingerprint analysis of hybrid salamanders in the Missouri Caverns section of Onondaga Cave." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2008. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Potter_Maria_09007dcc80679a5b.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2008.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed June 9, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-111).

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Merritt, Deborah Susan. "Analysis of genotypic and phenotypic differences in Desmognathus quadramaculatus across the Southern Appalachians." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2005. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=530.

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Theses (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2005.
Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains ix, 56 p. includes illustrations and a map. Bibliography: p. 43-46.

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Gagan, Alison Baird. "The Effects of Prescribed Fire on Millipede and Salamander Populations in a Southern Appalachian Deciduous Forest." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2002. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-1108102-114822/unrestricted/abgrevision.pdf.

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Heimbuch, Jörg. "Elektrophysiologische Charakterisierung und morphologische Darstellung von Neuronen des tecto-bulbären und bulbo-tectalen Systems von lungenlosen Salamandern (Fam. Plethodontidae)." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963262750.

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Waters, Cassie. "Distribution, taxonomy, and life history of midland mud salamanders (Pseudotriton montanus Baird diastictus Bishop) in West Virginia." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2007. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=785.

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Theses (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains vii, 60 pages including illustrations and maps. Bibliography: p. 59-60.

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37

Chameng, Flores Jennylee. "Relatos de Salamanca, tierra embrujada : obra ilustrada que registra el patrimonio oral de Salamanca." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/114832.

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Diseñador Gráfico
Para realizar este proyecto en primer lugar se hizo una investigación general respecto al medio editorial en Chile, se analizó el mercado editorial, sus diferentes canales de comercialización, se investigó sobre las principales editoriales y los organismos más influyentes en este medio. En segundo lugar se analizó cómo adentrarse en el medio descrito de forma independiente a través de la Autoedición, se conoció el trabajo y el esfuerzo que realiza la Asociación de Editores de Chile por sacar adelante la labor del escritor independiente, que se aleja a veces de la tendencia del mercado y que favorece la bibliodiversidad. Luego se centró la atención en conceptos más técnicos, pero que era necesario considerar si se busca realizar un proyecto en el área editorial. Aquí se describieron aspectos básicos del diseño editorial y se profundizó en cuales serían los puntos claves a los cuales poner atención para poder diseñar un buen libro. Dentro de este punto se profundizó en el tema de la ilustración literaria, específicamente la ilustración infantil, se describió su función, importancia y algunas características que la describen. Otro tema substancial tratado en el proyecto corresponde al patrimonio cultural, se analizó su relevancia para la identidad de un país y la necesidad que existe de promoverlo. También se investigó respecto al fomento de la lectura en el país y se profundizaron tópicos como la realidad lectora en Chile, la importancia de la literatura en los niños, las principales tendencias literarias, como se realiza el proceso de la comprensión lectora, los géneros literarios a los cuales puede ser posible recurrir en este proyecto y finalmente las iniciativas gubernamentales existentes para promover el hábito lector en el país. Con el escenario descrito, se determinó que era necesario encontrar un contenido para la obra a realizar que perteneciera al ámbito patrimonial y que además tuviera la característica de resultar interesante para el público chileno. Fue así como durante el levantamiento de información se conoció a un hombre de avanzada edad, don Pedro Olivares Taucan, uno de los pocos diaguitas del valle de Salamanca, fuente inagotable de todo tipo de relatos. Sus historias, las típicas historias de brujerías y pactos con el diablo transmitidas oralmente de abuelos a hijos y nietos en el campo, conforman parte de nuestro patrimonio oral y se convirtieron en una pieza fundamental del trabajo realizado para este proyecto. De toda la información obtenida a través de la investigación se obtuvieron conclusiones preliminares que abrieron el camino para desarrollar la etapa proyectual, en la cual se concretaron finalmente todas las aristas del proyecto. Se determinó que el proyecto concierne la creación de un producto profesional, especificamente un libro de cuentos ilustrados basado en los relatos orales del pueblo de Salamanca que nos transmitió don Pedro. Descrito el proyecto se procedió a definir los objetivos principales del mismo y luego se estableció el tipo de usuario al que estaría dirigido -los niños- y su contexto de uso. A continuación se planteó la metodología o mejor dicho el plan de trabajo. Se establecieron los tipos de recursos involucrados -recursos técnicos, recursos humanos- se realizó un estimado de la duración del proyecto junto a la calendarización de las actividades para poder organizar bien los tiempos de trabajo. Parte central de esta etapa la conformó la descripción y fundamentación del proceso creativo del libro, el cual fue dividido en tres partes: 1. Generación de contenidos, con esto nos referimos al trabajo realizado con los relatos orales y su adaptación literaria para ser utilizados en el libro. 2. Adaptación de los cuentos a guión para ilustrar. 3. Y creación del código visual. Esta fase fue la más compleja ya que involucró una larga labor de recopilación y estudio de referentes, determinación del formato de la obra, realización de bocetos y múltiples pruebas de diseño de personajes y escenarios, investigación sobre los usos del color y la textura en la ilustración, además del trabajo posterior en el diseño de la diagramación del libro. Para concluir solo resta hablar de la última etapa del proyecto que consistió en un trabajo de gestión estratégica, donde se buscaron las posibles fuentes de financiamiento, se describieron brevemente y se determinaron los costos de producción de la obra, para esto se tomaron en cuenta tanto los gastos en honorarios profesionales como los gastos operacionales, insumos gráficos, gastos de imprenta, etc.

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38

Becerra, Ambar, Catalina Infante, Josè Izquierdo, Muhr Miranda, and Macarena Ortiz. "La funesta noche de Salamanca." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/153423.

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Obra audiovisual para optar al título de Realizador de Cine y Televisión
En la quinta de recreo “Salamanca” un grupo de brujos se juntan a beber y jugar rayuela. Una noche Margarita (46), la mortal contadora, aparece con los síntomas de un mal de ojo. Juan Cristián (61), dueño del bar, esposo de Cristobalina (60) y padre de Eugenio (34) sospecha injustificadamente de su hijo debido a los celos, a lo que Cristobalina lo defiende a toda costa. Javier (64) intenta mediar el asunto sin que las sospechas recaigan en él. La borrachera y locura del grupo provocará que Eugenio pierda su mano, bajo las órdenes del libro sagrado, y Margarita muera por la inoperancia de todos. Javier escapa y Cristobalina como acto de venganza asesina a Juan. Todo esto es observado por Anaís (24), la cocinera del bar.

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39

Beasley, Bonnie Jean. "Analysis of Eurycea hybrid zone in eastern Missouri." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2010. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Beasley_09007dcc807c9d1c.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2010.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed June 28, 2010) Includes bibliographical references (p. 58-62).

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40

Rudd, Joshua Andrew. "Genetic Structure of Yonahlossee Salamander Populations." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1817.

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Plethodon yonahlossee is the largest eastern Plethodontid salamander. It has been classified as a species of greatest conservation need by the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency (TWRA). Found only in mountainous areas along the borders of Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia, populations of the yonahlossee are considered to be rare and local throughout their range. Genetic differentiation among populations of any species is usually attributable to long-standing, extrinsic barriers to gene flow. Because of their disjunct population structure and some observed morphological variation, genetic differentiation among yonahlossee populations is expected. A genetic structure study of yonahlossee was conducted to identify any genetically differentiated populations as conservation units. One mitochondrial DNA marker as well one nuclear DNA marker were amplified using polymerase chain reaction. After analysis, both markers show genetic differentiation suggesting geographic isolation. This information can be used by management agencies for the protection and conservation of the species.

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Parsley, Meghan. "Adaptive Variation in Tiger Salamander Populations." TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2056.

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Amphibians face an unknown future in a time of rapid environmental change due to global climate perturbations. Since amphibians are perceived to be indicators of ecosystem health, understanding the causes of their declines can improve our perception of threats to other species. Molecular techniques have allowed us to explore how environmental change affects genetic variation and to predict evolutionary adaptive potential of amphibian populations. The identification of populations with the greatest potential to respond to changing environmental variables may be an important conservation strategy to aid in future management efforts. I utilized targeted exon capture sequencing to identify adaptive variation in California tiger salamanders (CTS; Ambystoma californiense), a species threatened by land use change and hybridization with barred tiger salamanders (A. mavortium). I identified 17 and 26 outlier loci for balancing selection in historic and recent samples of CTS respectively. The outlier loci corresponded to genes of various functions, though none of the outliers associated significantly with the change in several tested environmental variables. Despite the lack of environmental correlations detected, it must also be considered that the outlier loci could be involved in epistatic interactions where many genes with small effects influence a single phenotype with fitness benefits. Additional hypotheses to explain the observed changes in allele frequencies and outliers may be the effects of UV-B radiation, pesticide use, or indirect effects of climate change.

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42

Boisvert, Catherine Anne. "Vertebral development and its development in modern salamanders." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80230.

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Vertebral development patterns have been well characterised in the Paleozoic "lepospondyls" and "labyrinthodonts", as well as in modern amniotes, frogs and caecilians. Each of those groups consistently develop either the neural arches before the centra or the centra before neural arches. Preliminary studies confirmed that members of the Urodela exhibit both developmental patterns. To understand if there is any consistency in patterns of vertebral development within and between families, as well as to investigate the distribution of patterns within the order, 120 salamander larvae from the ten living salamander families were cleared, stained and examined for osteological development. In order to provide a basis of comparison between different developmental stages observed in different families, a staging table was constructed. The complete osteological development of every cleared and stained specimen used in this study was then described. Finally, the general pattern of vertebral development was examined and characteristic patterns for each family were mapped on an accepted phylogeny of salamander relationships.

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Pawlik, Kathryn Rebecca. "West Virginia streamside salamander guilds and environmental variables." [Huntington, WV : Marshall University Libraries], 2008. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=855.

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Elwood, Jennifer R. Lorenz Spotila James Robert. "Variation in hsp70 levels and thermotolerance among terrestrial salamanders /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2003. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/243.

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45

Ward, Ryan Lee. "The effects of roads and culverts on stream and stream-side salamander communities in eastern West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4356.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 198 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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46

Miller, David Earl. "The biology of a population of all-female salamanders of the ambystoma jeffersonianum complex in East-Central Indiana." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/440945.

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A population of all-female A. tremblayi salamanders from Ginn-Nixon Woods (Delaware County, Indiana) was the subject of this study. These salamanders are members of the Ambystoma jeffersonianum complex which consists of two diploid species (the northern A. laterale and the southern A. jeffersonianum) and two all-female, triploid species (A. tremblayi and A. platineum). The triploid species are believed to be intermediate in range and tolerance to their diploid allies and are usually found associated with them (A. tremblayi with A. laterale and A. platineum with A. jeffersonianum). In this sympatric alliance, the all-female triploids rely on the diploid ales for sperm, which in this case, apparently only activate the eggs without fertilizing them.The population of A. tremblayi in Ginn-NixonWoods is allopatric to all other members of the complex and has evolved a method of reproduction in which no courtship occurs and no spermatophores are picked up. Apparently, however, these A. tremblayi females do require the presence of male A. texanum, a more distantly related ambystomatid, in order to deposit viable eggs.A - maculatum, A. texanum, A. tigrinum and A. tremblayi salamanders were captured in pitfalls along a drift fence as they migrated to the vernal breeding ponds.Pairings of A. tremblayi females with males of the sympatric species in the breeding cages established that the only successful reproduction (through metamorphosis) occurred in the presence of the male A. texanum, although no courtship behavior was observed and no spermatophores were deposited.Cytological studies of the A. tremblayi females in this population, including karyotyping, revealed that the animals are indeed triploid with a chromosome complement of 42 (N = 14). Two of the three chromosomes which were identified as belonging to group three possessed a distinct secondary constriction not previously reported in the literature. It is proposed that this cytological marker identifies these two chromosomes as being derived from A. laterale and lends further support to the hypothesis that A. tremblayi is 'two-thirds A. laterale and one-third A. jeffersonianum' as proposed by Uzzell inhis studies of the Ambystoma jeffersonianum complex.

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47

RIBERON, ALEXANDRE. "Biogeographie evolutive des salamandres noires dans l'arc alpin." Chambéry, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CHAMS027.

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Ce travail de these est une contribution a la biologie evolutive des salamandres terrestres d'europe. L'analyse d'une large portion du gene mitochondrial du cytochrome b a permis d'obtenir une phylogenie robuste des especes du genre salamandra mettant en evidence 2 clades : l'un regroupant salamandra lanzai, s. Atra et s. Corsica dont le statut taxonomique etait jusqu'a present incertain ; l'autre clade est forme par les differentes sous-especes continentales de s. Salamandra. La diversification du genre s'est deroulee en 2 temps : mise en place des 4 principales especes il y a environ 10 millions d'annees puis des subspeciations liees aux evenements climatiques du pleistocene. La phylogeographie comparee de s. Atra (22 individus provenant de 13 populations) et s. Lanzai (44 individus provenant de 12 populations) a egalement ete realisee a partir de l'analyse de sequences du cytochrome b. Aucune variation n'a pu etre detecter chez s. Lanzai, ce qui suggere que cette espece a subi de forts goulots d'etranglement dans un recent passe. Par contre, s. Atra presente une nette structuration surtout au niveau des populations en marge de son aire de repartition. L'etude de la dispersion chez l'espece s. Lanzai par des methodes directes (suivi de 554 salamandres par capture-marquage-recapture et 13 par radiotelemetrie) n'a pas permis de mettre en evidence un flux de genes contemporain entre les populations. En outre, les deplacements des individus au sein des populations sont tres reduits (10 m) et les males comme les femelles montrent une forte fidelite inter et intra-annuelle a un site donne. L'emploi de marqueurs moleculaires aflp indique chez s. Lanzai une absence de diversite genetique au sein des populations et une faible variabilite genetique entre les populations (0,5%) alors que chez s. Atra la variabilite genetique intra-population est d'environ 2% et depasse 11% entre les populations. La faible variabilite genetique est a opposer a la forte plasticite de certains traits d'histoire de vie, observee au sein de s. Lanzai. Ainsi, une forte plasticite phenotypique pourrait pallier la faiblesse de la diversite genetique et donc participer grandement au maintien de l'espece.

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48

Lewis, Zachary Robert. "Causes and Consequences of Lung Loss in Salamanders." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:26718748.

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Lungs were once thought to be a universal feature of tetrapods and essential for vertebrate life on land. This view changed in the late 19th century with the discovery of several salamander species that lack lungs. Since these species are descendants of lunged ancestors, the absence of lungs must represent an instance of evolutionary loss. Further study has revealed several independent losses of lungs across amphibians, including at the base of the salamander family Plethodontidae. Plethodontids comprise over two thirds of all living salamander species, yet many features of lungless salamander biology are unknown. My dissertation investigates the evolution and development of lung loss, including the genetic basis for lunglessness and the consequences of lunglessness for respiration and the circulatory system. I determined that plethodontid salamanders are not entirely lungless; lungs actually begin to form in the embryo. This includes lung specification, the formation of a lung primordium, and conserved expression of genetic markers of lung differentiation. However, the lung primordium subsequently regresses by apoptosis, yielding adults with no trace of a vestigial lung. Transcriptome sequencing of the lung primordia of lunged and lungless salamanders suggests a role for increased Tgf-beta signaling in lung regression. I established that Tgf-beta represses lung development in other species of salamanders, providing support for its role in lung loss. Plethodontid salamanders perform gas exchange through their skin and lining of the mouth (extrapulmonary respiration). I discovered a novel gene in salamanders that is potentially neofunctionalized for extrapulmonary respiration in plethodontids. The lung-specific gene encoding surfactant-associated protein C (SPC) is duplicated in salamanders. Both paralogs of this gene are expressed in the lung of lunged salamanders, representing the ancestral expression pattern of SPC in tetrapods. In contrast, lungless salamanders express a paralog of SPC in extrapulmonary sites of gas exchange. These sites include the skin during the aquatic larval stage and the lining of the mouth in terrestrial adults. I propose that extrapulmonary expression of this paralog in salamanders reduces the thickness of the mucus layer that covers the respiratory surfaces and aids gas exchange. The lungs function as part of an integrated cardiopulmonary system. In animals with lungs, the atrial septum helps to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the heart. I characterized cardiac anatomy within a broad sample of lunged and lungless salamanders. I found that independent lineages of lungless salamanders convergently evolved a reduced and non-functional atrial septum, resulting in blood flow between the two atrial chambers. In mammals, formation of the atrial septum is dependent on morphogens secreted from the developing lungs. I provide evidence that atrial septum reduction in plethodontid salamanders is a direct consequence of loss of these signaling interactions due to lung regression. Developmental interaction between the heart and lungs may mediate the coordinated evolution of the cardiopulmonary system, ensuring that the atrial septum develops in the presence of lungs but does not fully form in lungless species, where it would be disadvantageous.
Biology, Organismic and Evolutionary

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Grigsby, Melanie Martha Huston. "Feeding kinematics of the grotto salamander, Eurycea spelaea." Winston-Salem, NC : Wake Forest University, 2009. http://dspace.zsr.wfu.edu/jspui/handle/10339/44688.

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50

McDonald, Heather Noel. "The impact of logging on aquatic salamander communities." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2001. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0711101-121822/unrestricted/mcdonaldh0730.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--East Tennessee State University, 2001.
Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0711101-121822 Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.

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