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1
Spolander, Bruce John. "Entrainment in Saldanha Bay." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19819.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: pages 64-67.<br>Saldanha Bay is located lOOkm north of Cape Town, along the south western coast of South Africa, at a latitude of approximately 33° S. In 1975 major harbour works, including the construction of an iron ore jetty, divided Saldanha Bay into two distinct bays. The bay to the north of the jetty has become known as Small Bay, while the bay to the south is commonly referred to as Big Bay. Big Bay is connected at its southern end to the shallow Langebaan Lagoon system, and to the west with the Benguela upwelling system (see figure 1.1). The oceanography of the shelf outside the bay is dominated by the coastal upwelling system (Shannon 1985). The equatorward winds which predominate for much of the year, drive an offshore flux of surface water, which is replaced near the coast by nutrient-rich water from deeper layers. These winds are the result of an interplay between the South Atlantic High Pressure Cell, a thermal low that forms over southern Africa in summer, coastal lows, and eastward moving extra tropical cyclones (Shannon 1985). In summer, the band of extra tropical cyclones associated with the jetstream moves to the south of its winter position, while the South Atlantic High intensifies and moves approximately 6° to the south (Preston-Whyte and Tyson 1988), creating a pressure gradient over the Benguela region. The presence of the thermal low over the adjacent subcontinent increases the existing pressure gradient, and enhances the equatorward air flow. This seasonal modulation of upwelling favourable winds results in an upwelling season that extends from about September to March (Shannon 1985). During this period, there is also synoptic modulation, provided by wind relaxation or reversal events. These events are either associated with the passage of a cyclone to the south of the continent, or with a coastal low passing along the coast (Shannon 1985).
2
Pieters, Carisa Simone. "Die sosio-ekonomiese impak van Saldanha staal op groter Saldanha en ongewing." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52228.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MS en S)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT:The study focus on the Greater Saldanha and environment
by evaluating the socio-economic impact of the Saldanha
Steel project on the area. Major development projects,
like the SSP, can create significant impact on the socioeconomic
features within the region of influence. This
impact affects the provision of public services
(education, health services, police protection), social
services (housing, transport, urban land use) as well as
the fiscal features of the region.
Following the National elections in 1994, the new
government implemented the Reconstruction and Development
Programme (RDP) to address social and economic problems
in specific regions. The RDP was followed by the Growth,
Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) strategy. Spatial
Development Initiatives (SDI's), form part of the GEAR
strategy and aims to address regional differences and
promote sustainable long term development, economic
growth and employment in the region. The West coast
Investment Initiative (Well) is one of the eight SDI's
that were identified.
The Saldanha Steel project (SSP) is the focus project of
the WCII. The initiative is a mixed industrial and agrotourism
SDI. Great expectations were formed with respect
to the number of employment opportunities that would be
provided by the SSP, as well as the economic progress and
development within the region.
This study project evaluates the socio-economic impact of
the SSP by focussing on the demographic aspects, social infrastructure and services, employment and income,
housing and development, infrastructure provision as well
as the SSP's involvement within the communities of
Greater Saldanha and environment.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie fokus op Groter Saldanha en omgewing deur die
sosio-ekonomiese impak van die Saldanha Staal projek
(SSP) op die gebied te evalueer. Groot
ontwikkelingsprojekte, soos die SSP, kan 'n groot impak
maak op die sosio-ekonomiese kenmerke binne die streek of
area van invloed. Die impak word veral ervaar in die
verskaffing van publieke dienste (opvoeding,
gesondheisdienste, polisie), sosiale dienste (behuising,
vervoer, stedelike grondgebruik) sowel as die fiskale
karaktertrekke van die streek.
Na die Nasionale verkiesing in 1994, het die nuwe
regering die Heropbou en Ontwikkelingsprogram (HOP) geimplementeer
om sosiale en ekonomiese probleme aan te
spreek. Die HOP is in 1996 gevolg deur die "Growth,
Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) strategie. As deel
van die GEAR strategie, is Ruimtelike
ontwikkelingsinisiatiewe deur die Nasionale Regering
ingestel om streeksongelykhede aan te spreek en
volhoubare lang termyn ontwikkeling, ekonomiese groei en
werksgeleenthede te verseker vir die streek. Ag
ruimtelike ontwikkelingsinisiatiewe (ROI) is ingestel,
waarvan die Weskus Beleggingsinisiatief een is.
Die Saldanha Staal projek (SSP) is die fokusprojek van
die Weskus Beleggingsinisiatief. Die inisiatief is geidentifiseer
as 'n gemengde industrieële en landboutoerisme
ROI. Groot verwagtinge is geskep ten opsigte van
die hoeveelheid werksgeleenthede wat geskep sal word deur
die SSP, sowel as ekonomiese vooruitgang en ontwikkeling
binne die streek. Die werkstuk evalueer die sosio-ekonomiese impak van die
SSP deur te fokus op demografiese aspekte, sosiale
infrastruktuur en dienste, indiensneming en inkome,
behuising en ontwikkeling, infrastruktuurvoorsiening
sowel as die SSP se betrokkenheid by die gemeenskappe van
die Groter Saldanha en omgewing.
3
Misrole, Matthew. "A re-assessment of the geochronology and geochemistry of the Postberg Ignimbrites, Saldanha, Western Cape, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7733.
Full textAbstract:
>Magister Scientiae - MSc<br>The Saldania Belt in southern Africa, a product of the Pan-African Saldanian Orogeny, forms part of a system of Neoproterozoic mobile belts that border and weld older cratons on the African continent. It is a low-grade orogenic belt situated along the southwestern margin of the Kalahari Craton and is composed of several inliers of greenschist facies metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks (Malmesbury Group), unroofed in megaanticlinal hinges of the Permo-Triassic Cape Fold Belt. The Malmesbury Group rocks were syn- and post-tectonically intruded in a pervasive transpressive regime between 555 Ma and 515 Ma by Neoproterozoic to early Cambrian S-, I- and A-type granites, monzodiorites, gabbros and quartz syenites, which collectively constitute the rocks of the Cape Granite Suite (CGS). Along the south-western coastline of South Africa, the Saldanha Bay Volcanic Complex (which forms part of the CGS) is divided into two eruption centres both of which have been identified as “intra-caldera pyroclastic ignimbrites”. The Postberg eruption centre is situated to the south of the Saldanha Bay entrance and the Saldanha eruption centre is situated to the north of the entrance. Both eruption centres display distinct geochemical signatures, the most apparent being the greater TiO2 concentrations (> 0.25 wt. %) of the Saldanha centre ignimbrites when compared to its Postberg centre counterparts. The Postberg eruption centre consists of S-type rhyolitic ignimbrites which are subdivided into the two geochemically distinct Plankiesbaai and Tsaarsbank Ignimbrites. Small amounts of the Jacobs Bay and Saldanha Ignimbrites (less felsic tephra from the Saldanha eruption centre) are also present in the Postberg eruption centre. A robust geochemical analysis of both the Plankiesbaai and Tsaarsbank magma groups display high SiO2 content (>76 wt. %), a lack of variation in TiO2 and Zr, high Al2O3 and ASI (aluminium saturation index) values (> 1.0 and generally >1.1 which, on average, is higher than the Saldanha eruption centre ignimbrites), low CaO and Na2O, and a highly ferroan character. The Plankiesbaai ignimbrite also display lower #Mg concentration compared to the Tsaarsbank ignimbrite. Typical geochemical trends in the Postberg eruption centre include the lack of variation in Zr content, higher Rb content and lower Sr, Ba, V and Zn concentrations when compared to the tephra of the Saldanha eruption centre found in the Postberg area.
4
Lamy-Giner, Marie-Annick. "Les sept ports de commerce sud-africains, de Richards Bay à Saldanha Bay." La Réunion, 2003. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/03_05_Lamy.pdf.
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Avec ses deux bouées de mouillage nichées dans une baie ouverte et réservées au chargement du carburant ou des alcools anhydres, le port de Mossel Bay est la plus petite installation portuaire sud-africaine. En comparaison, Cape Town et Durban s'articulent autour d'une multitude de terminaux, tantôt spécialisés dans le charbon, les fruits ou encore les conteneurs. Ici, les linéaires formés par les quais s'étalent à l'infini. Ainsi, les ports sud-africains offrent des paysages mais également des fonctions variées. L'Afrique du Sud accueille au long de ses rivages atlantique et indien sept ports de commerce. D'est en ouest, il s'agit de Richards Bay et de Durban dans la province du KwaZulu-Natal, Port Elizabeth ainsi que East London prennent place au Cap de l'Est, enfin Mossel Bay, Cape Town et Saldanha Bay sont implantés au Cap de l'Ouest. Ensemble, ils réalisent un trafic annuel de plus de 190 millions de tonnes. Cette facade maritime qui associe des ports vraquiers à des ports plurifonctionnels, connaît, depuis le retour du pays dans le concert des nations, une réelle envolée. Mais aujourd'hui, cette façade semble freinée dans son élan par des problèmes urgents et chroniques de sous-productivité. Pour pouvoir asseoir son rôle de puissance maritime émergente, l'Afrique du Sud se doit de réformer en profondeur son système portuaire, sa réussite en dépend<br>With its two moorage buoys nestled in an open bay and reserved for fuel and anhydrous alcohol loading, the port of Mossel Bay is the smallest South African port setup. Compared to it, Cape Town and Durban hinge on a multitude of terminals now specialized in coal, fruits or even containers. Here, the linears formed by the quays spread away endlessly into the distance. Hence, South African ports feature sceneries as well as varied functions. South Africa accomodates seven commercial ports along her atlantic and Indian Ocean shores. Extending from east to west, they are Richards Bays Durban in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, Port Elizabeth as well as East London establish themselves at Eastern Cape, finally Mossel Bay, Cape Town and Saldanha Bay are set up at Western Cape. They altogether achieve an annual trade impulse of more than 190 million tons. This shoreline, which combines bulk ports with multi-purpose ones, is experiencing a real meteoric rise since the country's return into the entente between nations. But today this seaside seems to be losing its momentum by urgent and chronic problems of under-productivity. To be able to fix her role as an emerging maritime power, South Africa must correct her port system radically, a factor on which her success is answerable
5
Haldenwang, Rainer. "Saldanha Bay ore jetty : a study of berthing impacts." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1027.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Masters Diploma (Civil Engineering)--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 1987<br>Between December 1982 and January 1984 the berthing impacts o~
50 ore carriers were monitored at the Saldanha Bay ore-jetty.
The actual displacement o~ the monitored vessels ranged
between 60 and 263 kilotonnes. Only 507. o~ the monitoring runs
yielded complete sets o~ data.
Approach velocities recorded were high and the design limits
were exceeded several times resulting in ~enders being
de~lated on ~our occasions.
The added mass coe~~icient ~or each impact was calculated. The
actual values o~ C" varied between 1 and 7. This agrees with
values ~ound in literature.
Some o~ the\high values could be attributed to inaccuracies in
the measurement techniques.
From the values obtained ~or added mass it seems that the
value used in the design was very low and that a unitary value
~or CH is not very satisfactory.
6
Bilski, Sidney Warren. "The characterisation of synoptic circulation patterns in Saldanha Bay." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19687.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: pages 91-95.<br>Saldanha Bay, on the west coast of South Africa, is the only deep water port between Cape Town and Walvis Bay. It is separated into two smaller bays, Small Bay and Big Bay, by an iron-ore jetty built in 1975. With its sheltered environment it is an ideal site for the development of a mariculture industry, but a conflict of interest arises between the mussel farmers and the use of the iron-ore jetty and other sources of pollution. This thesis is a contribution to an effort to understand how the requirements of the mariculture industry in respect of food provision and clean water can be met. Seven field trips were made to Saldanha Bay with the aim of studying the circulation characteristics in the various regions of the bay. It was found that drogues were an effective method of measuring currents in Saldanha Bay, with the best method of drogue tracking being with the use of a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS).
7
O, Connor Padhraic. "A preliminary concept for an LNG import terminal for Saldanha bay." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86230.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa presently faces a serious and much-acknowledged energy capacity deficit. The Department of Energy are determined to address this capacity crisis by creating several new power plants between 2010 and 2030, as stipulated in the “Integrated Resource Plan 2010”. A Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) power plant is proposed to add 2370 MW of capacity to the national grid.
The “new-build” CCGT plant will use natural gas as a feedstock for energy generation. The plant is destined to begin energy generation by 2019, and will ramp up to full capacity by 2030. Following a review of the existing natural gas sources and the nascent gas network in South Africa, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has been identified as the most suitable immediate source of natural gas feedstock for the CCGT. LNG fuel must be imported into South Africa aboard large, special purpose LNG Carrier (LNGC) vessels. LNGC vessels require a designated marine import terminal in order to offload the super-cooled and potentially flammable cargo. Saldanha Bay, located on the South West coast of South Africa, has been selected by Transnet as a preferred location for LNG terminal development.
A review of LNG technology reveals the need for mandatory onshore LNG storage and regasification facilities, land area requirements, demands of different LNGC types and the characteristics of dedicated LNG jetties and terminals. Floating, offshore and traditional LNG terminals are discussed.
The objective of this thesis is to review potential terminal sites and conceptual layouts in Saldanha Bay, and via a Multi Criteria Analysis, to present three distinct LNG terminal layout options for further consideration. The conceptual layouts will address technical concerns such as berth orientation and layout, safe navigational access to the terminal, mandatory onshore infrastructure and optimisation of berth operations.
Saldanha Bay as a port location is studied and the importance of local environmental features is highlighted. Potential terminal development sites are identified following a review of nautical and terrestrial restrictions. Four conceptual site layouts are proposed, providing jetty locations and orientations in the Bay. The sites are located in North Bay, Hoedjiespunt, and two in Big Bay.
Several Key Design Parameters (KDP’s) are identified as having a critical bearing on the ultimate layout, operation and feasibility of an LNG terminal in Saldanha Bay. The sensitivity and influence of the KDP’s at each of the four conceptual sites is investigated. Analysis of KDP effects leads to the development of design variation options at the sites. Twelve terminal layout schemes are ultimately derived.
A Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) is performed to rank the 12 terminal layout schemes in terms of technical efficacy. A sensitivity study is conducted to justify the selection of MCA parameter weights. The three top-scoring schemes are recommended for more detailed pre-feasibility investigation. The three terminal layout schemes, located in Big Bay and Hoedjiespunt, make use of both standard trestle jetties and floating LNG technologies.
The thesis has shown that a number of viable sites and layouts for LNG terminals exist in Saldanha Bay and demonstrates a systematic analysis of design issues leading to preferred options. The thesis concludes by outlining the next steps in the process towards a final terminal scheme selection.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika ervaar huidig ‘n drastiese energie kapasiteit verlies. Die Departement van Energie is vasbeslote om die energie krisis aan te spreek deur verskeie nuwe kragstasies tussen 2010 en 2030 op te rig, soos beskryf in die “Integrated Resource Plan 2010”. ‘n Gekombineerde Siklus Gas Turbine (GSGT) kragstasie is voorgestel om ‘n verdere 2370 MW by te voeg tot die nasionale krag netwerk.
Die “nuut-geboude” GSGT kragstasie sal natuurlike gas as brandstof vir kragopwekking gebruik. Die kragstasie is beplan om teen 2019 krag op te wek, en sal teen 2030 volle kapasiteit loop. Na ‘n ondersoek van die bestaande natuurlike gas bronne en gas netwerke in Suid Afrika, is Vloeibare Natuurlike Gas (VNG) geïdentifiseer as die huidiglike beskikbare bron van brandstof vir die GSGT. VNG moet ingevoer word aanboord spesiaal geboude VNG vaartuie. VNG vaartuie benodig ‘n spesifieke mariene invoer terminaal om die vlambare vloeistof mee af te laai. Saldanhabaai, aan die Suid-Westerlike kus van Suid Afrika, is as verkose area vir die VNG terminaal ontwikkeling geïdentifiseer deur Transnet.
‘n Oorsig van VNG tegnologie bevind dat VNG stoorplek en vergassings fasiliteite, land area, verskeie VNG vaartuie en karakteristieke van VNG terminale benodig word. Verskeie VNG terminale word bespreek in hierdie studie.
The doel van hierdie tesis is om die potensiële terminaal bou-terrein en konseptuele ontwerpe in Saldanhabaai, deur middel van ‘n multi-kriteria analise (MKA), in drie verskillende ontwerp moontlikhede voor te stel.
Saldanhabaai, as hawe, is bestudeer en belangrike omgewings aspekte is geïdentifiseer. Potensiële terminaal bou-terrein is geïdentifiseer na aanleiding van seevaart en land beperkings. Vier konseptuele bou-terreine is voorgestel wat jetty posisies en orientasies aandui. Die bou-terreine is in Noordbaai, Hoedjiespunt, en twee in Big Bay.
Verskeie Sleutel Ontwerp Parameters (SOP’s), wat ‘n kritieke rol speel in die uiteindelike orientasie, werking en effektiwiteit van die VNG terminaal in Saldanhabaai, is geïdentifiseer. Die sensitiwiteit van die SOP’s by elk van die vier voorgestelde moontlikhede, is ondersoek. ‘n Ontleding van die effek van die SOP’s het variasie in die ontwerp moontlikhede by die verskillende bouterrein tot gevolg. Twaalf terminaal orientasie skemas is voorgestel.
‘n MKA is uitgevoer om ‘n ranglys van opsies te produseer in terme van tegniese effektiwiteit. Dit is voorgestel dat die top drie opsies verder ondersoek moet word. Die drie terminaal orientasie skemas, wat voorgestel word vir die Big Bay en Hoedjiespunt areas, maak gebruik van standaard jetties en drywende VNG tegnologie.
Hierdie tesis bevind dat ‘n aantal uitvoerbare bouterreine en orientasies in Saldanhabaai moontlik is. ‘n Sistematiese analise van ontwerps kwessies wat na verkose opsies lei, word ook in die tesis ge-adresser. Die voorgestelde stappe in die besluitneming van ‘n finale terminaal skema vorm die slot van die tesis.
8
Snyders, Hendrik. "A learning organisation perception survey of the Saldanha Bay Municipality." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/975.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2008<br>The merger of South African municipalities in the year 2000, and the dawn of the era of
developmental local government, has confronted local authorities with a range of new
challenges. In addition to the need to develop a new organisational culture and mutual
trust, or the introduction of soft management actions, municipalities have to aetualise the
concepts and processes of co-operative governance, integrated development planning,
public participation and developmental local government. In addition, the White Paper on
Local Government (WPLG, 1998) implores municipalities to lead and learn while they
search for local solutions.
An inability to learn and manage in a changed context and circumstances will inevitably
lead to public displays of dissatisfaction, such as public demonstrations, that undermine
municipalities' legitimacy. To overcome legitimacy dilemmas, municipalities need to
strengthen their learning capabilities to enable them to operate effectively within
changed circumstances and to become learning organisations. Such organisations,
according to Senge (1990), have succeeded in formulating a shared vision, displayed a
high level of personal mastery and team learning, as well as practising systems thinking.
Together with these elements municipalities must identify and improve potentially
constraining mental models. However, transforming any organisation into a learning
organisation according to Dilworth (1996) requires a particular set of leadership qualities,
such as commitment to the improvement of the quality of work life, democratic
leadership and the promotion of human dignity.
In this thesis, a learning organisation survey of the Saldanha Bay municipality's
leadership cadre, consisting of Municipal Councillors, Executive Directors and
Departmental Managers and Division Heads is undertaken with a view to determine
whether these key functionaries practise the key learning disciplines of team leaming,
shared vision, systems thinking, mental models and personal mastery.
The results of this study indicated that the municipality in question has not yet
succeeded in becoming a learning municipality. It has at best succeeded in laying a
foundation for both councillors and officials to build on in order to achieve the desired
result.
9
Kruger, Natasha. "Long-term changes in the benthic macrofauna of Saldanha Bay." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6114.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: leaves 74-78.<br>Saldanha Bay, which lies on the west coast of South Africa, has undergone major development over the last 30 years, including breakwater and harbour construction, harbour extension, dredging, mining, fishing, fish-processing and mussel culture. The aims of this study were to determine whether the benthic macrofaunal communities in the Bay have been altered over this period and to explore the benthic community patterns within the Bay prior to and after harbour development.
10
Siyanga-Tembo, Fridah. "Seaweed diversity in Saldanha Bay and the effects of human activities." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23942.
Full textAbstract:
Several accounts have been produced on the seaweeds of the west coast including the Saldanha and Langebaan System, but none has looked at how human activities may have affected the seaweed diversity of Saldanha Bay. The major human activities in the Bay include shipping and mariculture. The major human impacts resulting from these activities are species introductions which often lead to a change in species composition in an area. Six sites were sampled in various visits in autumn and winter 2012. Two of the sites were natural wave exposed rocky shore sites while the rest were sheltered and man-made. Detailed collections of seaweeds were made. The seaweeds were identified to species level and preserved either as herbarium specimen or in formalin. Specimens that it was not possible to identify using morphological features were preserved in silica gel for DNA analysis. Three samples of the red algal genus Gruteloupia, collected from aquaculture systems, which could not be identified using morphological features, were sent to Ghent University where the rbcL gene region was sequenced. Collected species were compared with species lists from previous studies in the same area. The results from this study showed that most of the species collected were west coast species, with a few species with south coast distributions. The numbers of species in the Bay since the study of Day showed an increase from 23 by Day to 58 by Simons' 1960 collection. His 1976 collection reduced to 47. The most species so far recorded are by Schils' 1997 collection with 72. From this study, 69 species were recorded of which 23 are potentially new records. Of these records, two were south coast species Gelidium reptans and Laurencia peninsularis. They were recorded for the first time in the system and they are range extensions. Furthermore, the results provide molecular evidence that two species of Grateloupia have been introduced into Saldanha Bay. Bayesian analysis showed that one of the species was Grateloupia turuturu, a Japanese species which has spread to a number of world regions which culture the Pacific oyster. The other was distinct from other Grateloupias previously recorded in South Africa, and did not match any species in Genbank. The potential vector of introduction for Grateloupia turuturu, importation of the Pacific oyster Crassostreo gigas, is discussed.
11
Smit, Albertus Jacobus. "Nitrogen environment, ecophysiology and growth of Gracilaria gracilus in Saldanha Bay, South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17362.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: pages 132-157.<br>The growth of Gracilaria gracilis (Stackhouse) Steentoft, Irvine et Farnham was examined by studying the effect of organismic determinants such as thallus length, position along the thallus and branching in a series of in situ and laboratory-based experiments. Knowledge of these factors is essential in order to maximise production from suspended seaweed rafts seeded with vegetative G. gracilis fragments. Seeding netlons with freshly collected material provided up to 30 % higher relative growth rates than seaweed maintained on the netlons for three successive months. Initial seedstock length greatly affected growth rate and yield such that 30 cm thalli fragments resulted in growth rates 14 % higher than for 10 cm fragments. This difference is suggested to be due to higher contribution of growth by lateral branches to overall biomass. Comparisons of the growth of apical and basal fragments suggested that growth takes place over the entire length of the thallus but that the apex contributes more to overall elongation than does the proximal part. The removal of apical meristems resulted in an enhanced branching frequency with production of four times as many branches as intact fragments. Evidence is also provided for severe morphological differentiation following long periods of rapid growth. These thalli have very high frequency of branching, are hollow due to the disintegration of medullary cells and are considered to be completely senescent.
12
Diza, Sakhumzi Jacob. "Contract design for small scale mussel growers in Saldanha Bay : a transaction cost approach." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50302.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines the role of contracting in reducing transaction costs in smalIscale
mussel farming in Saldanha Bay. Masiza Mussel Growers (Masiza), an initiative
by the public and private sector to address the imbalances of the past through
entrepreneurial development, are used as a case study hence a case study approach is
followed. Two transactions were considered, one between Masiza and Blue Bay Aqua
Farm (Blue Bay) and another between La Vie Sea Food Products (La Vie) and
Masiza. These transactions form the basis for analysis.
Market risks, uncertainties, environmental risks, information incompleteness,
illiteracy, limited technical knowledge of farming, lack of appropriate infrastructure
and lack of transport facilities are identified and examined as possible sources of
transaction costs that constrain the existing supply chain relationship. The study
shows that asset specificity, time specificity, and site specificity playa positive role in
the supply chain as they result in relative dependency amongst parties. Opportunistic
behavior within the existing supply chain is neutral, but appears to be relatively high
on the spot or fresh live market. Characteristics of market transactions for mussels and
associated transaction costs suggest that fresh-live spot market trading for Masiza is
difficult to attain. This therefore motivates parties (Masiza) to contract or vertically
integrate, as it is costly and risky to rely on spot live markets. Interviewees (Masiza)
pointed out that the benefits associated with contract farming outweigh the transaction
costs associated with this governance structure. Hence a market specification contract
with the La Vie (a processing company), and a production management and resource
provision contract with Blue Bay (a larger producer) were designed. They reduce
transaction costs associated with fresh-live markets and ensure a more stable and
reliable market for growers.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie ondersoek die rol van kontraktering in die vermindering van transaksie
koste vir klein skaal mossel produsente in Saldanha baai. Die Masiza Mussel Growers
(Masiza) word as gevallestudie gebruik. Twee transaksies met o.a. Blue bay Aqua
Farm (Blue Bay) en La Vie Sea Food Products (La Vie) was ter sprake en
laasgenoemde het as basis vir die analise gedien.
Mark risiko, onsekerheid, omgewings risiko, gebrekkige informasie, ongeletterdheid,
beperkte tegniese kennis, beperkte infrastruktuur en beperkte verroer fasiliteite is
geidentifiseer en ondersoek as moontlike oorsake van hoë transaksie koste wat die
huidige aanbod ketting strem. Die studie toon aan dat interafhanklikheid tussen die
betrokke partye deur bate, tyd en area spesifisiteite bevorder word en dus 'n positiewe
rol in die aanbod ketting speel. Opportunistiese gedrag binne die bestaande aanbod
ketting is neutraal, maar blyk hoog te wees in die vars mark. Transaksie kostes en
eienskappe blyk beduidende beperkinge te wees vir kleinskaal mossel produsente om
aktief deel te neem in die mark. Die opstel van kontrakte (of vertikale integrasie) blyk
dus 'n uitkoms te wees. Respondente het aangetoon dat kontrak boerdery voordelig
blyk te wees. Laasgoemde het tot die ontwikkeling van mark kontrakte met die La
Vie ('n verwerkings maatskappy) asook produksie bestuur en hulpbron voorsiennings
kontrakte met Blue Bay ('n groot kommersiële produsent) gelei. Die kontrakte beperk
transaksie koste vir die vars mark en verseker 'n stabiele en betroubare mark vir
produsente. 'n Transaksie koste analiese word gebruik om transaksie kostes te
ondersoek en te verifieer binne die industrie.
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Diergaardt, Johannes Godfree. "An examination of shortcomings in inventory management and control in selected Saldanha Bay firms." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1067&context=td_cput.
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Stewart, Helen Frances. "An ADCP study of subtidal scale density-driven exchange in Saldanha Bay, South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6455.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: leaves 33-34.<br>An ADCP and water-column temperature study was conducted to determine the circulation aspect of subtidal-scale, density-driven exchange in Saldanha Bay, South Africa. Density-driven exchange conditions develop in response to synoptic-scale wind events in the southern Benguela region, even under light (<5m s-') wind conditions. During a density-driven exchange event, directionally opposing bi-level flow, similar to an estuarine system, develops in response to remote upwelling-favourable winds. The bi-level flow component occurs in two distinct bands, bayward at 0-9m height from bottom and seaward 15-20m height off bottom, and is very sensitive to changes in wind forcing. Observations of current behaviour are added to the four-phase conceptual model of density-driven exchange developed by Monteiro and Largier (1999). In addition, estimates of bay flushing based on ADCP current velocities and the four-phase conceptual model are calculated and implications of shelf water influx into Saldanha Bay are discussed.
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Le, Grange Louis. "Regional Spatial Development Framework for Saldanha Bay Municipality: Pursuing a more Ecologically Integrated Future." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30050.
Full textAbstract:
This study has sought to understand how spatial planning can be utilized as a tool to aid the transition to a more ecologically resilient future through better integrating natural resource management and spatial planning. Nature profoundly influences the structure and form of Saldanha Bay Municipality. This is based on the premise that nature is not situated at the forefront of development and is not adequately addressed in spatial planning - our relationship with nature needs to change. Strategic spatial planning is a long term future imagined. Unlike conventional land use management, spatial planning is well-positioned to resolve conflicts and tensions through in-depth analysis, direction, guidance and then strategic implementation. With the guidance of multiple policies, the personal beliefs of a planner and the incorporation of the interests of a variety of stakeholders, a future that is conducive to all is possible. In light of this, the main objective of this study was to integrate the 2011 Spatial Development Framework and the 2015 Environmental Management Framework of Saldanha Bay Municipality in order to find gaps and contestations which will help produce an improved and better-integrated ecologically mindful Regional Spatial Development Framework for Saldanha Bay Municipality. This study has undertaken a review of international literature to theoretically locate this study. This is followed by a contextual spatial and policy analysis of Saldanha Bay Municipality, which was predominantly focused on the findings of the 2015 EMF and 2011 SDF in order to better understand the key priorities with regards to the environment in the region. Using this as a platform to guide appropriate intervention, a Regional Spatial Development Framework (RSDF) has been created to propose a new nature-based development path. This plan is governed by the principles of reverence, intergenerational equity, interconnectedness, intrinsic value and individual responsibility. By recognizing the spatial relationships between people, their activities and nature this RSDF offers an opportunity to promote a more integrated and harmonized future. This is done using the key environmental layers of the 2015 EMF as the main platform to guide development towards better ecological resilience and adaption in the region. The key layers of the 2015 EMF are the” Keep Assets Intact”, “Develop with Care: Valued Resources” and “Develop with Care: Restrictive Conditions or Constraints” which indicate all the environmental attributes in the region. By understanding the environmental context, the researcher formulated three management frameworks from which key strategic interventions were developed in order to accommodate these environmental attributes and guide the vision of the RSDF. The landscape and natural resource management framework consists of the strategies of ecological remnants, diversifying dryland agriculture, coastline protection and enhancement, and lastly catchment management initiatives. All these strategies are directed at and fundamentally pursue the protection, enhancement, conservation and regeneration of ecosystems and biodiversity in the region. The economic development management framework consists of the strategies of renewable energy, eco industries and the IDZ. These strategies focus on the advancement of the local economy through sustainable and ecologically adaptive strategies. The site and settlement management framework consists of the strategies of townscape, reduce point source pollution and sustainable human settlements. These strategies focus on the local sense of place and predominantly the upgrading of infrastructure within settlements in the region. They are placed within a phasing framework for optimized and strategic intervention. All these strategies aim to create a more life-sustaining region through integrating and harmonising the relationship between people and nature, by establishing the importance and qualities of nature. Therefore, by implementing strategies that are spatially designated across the region and that focus on environmental prosperity and the integration of people and nature, it could be possible to transition to an increasingly ecologically secure future in Saldanha Bay Municipality where there is improved social and ecological health, local prosperity and a region where the natural landscape flourishes.
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Wiese, Michael-John Barnardo. "A two-dimensional mathematical model investigation of the hydrodynamics and sediment transport of Saldanha Bay and Langebaan Lagoon." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80253.
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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since the construction of the causeway and the jetty during the early 1970’s in Saldanha Bay, various alterations to the coastline in the area of the Langebaan Lagoon mouth were observed. These alterations include the erosion of Langebaan Beach located near the town of Langebaan. An investigation was undertaken to identify the possible impact these structures had on the hydrodynamics and sediment transport of the Saldanha Bay and Langebaan Lagoon systems, focusing on the entrance to the Langebaan Lagoon. A two-dimensional numerical model was implemented for this investigation.
The outdated information available for the generation of a bathymetry, which indicated the conditions prior to the erosion of Langebaan Beach, complicated the calibration process. However, calibration of the numerical model was acceptable. Due to the bathymetry not providing an indication on the current situation at the Langebaan Lagoon mouth, the results from the numerical model were approached with caution, providing an overview of the hydrodynamics present in Saldanha Bay and Langebaan Lagoon and would be able to broaden the understanding of the impact the causeway and jetty had on the hydrodynamics and sediment transport of Saldanha Bay and Langebaan Lagoon. Results provided by the sediment transport model only provide an indication on the effect tidal variations and wind forcing have on the bay and lagoon and not realistic total sediment transport rates due to the omission of wave action during the modelling process.
Results from the numerical model, based on tidal oscillations and wind forcing only, have indicated that no major impact on the hydrodynamics and sediment transport were experienced due to the construction of the causeway and the jetty. During the investigation of the impact of various extreme water level and extreme wind conditions, it has been observed that a 1 in 100 year wind velocity across the longest fetch towards Langebaan Beach resulted in the greatest velocities prior to the construction of the causeway and the jetty, and after the construction of the causeway and the jetty tidal storms, or storm surge, generated the greatest velocities and thus the most sediment transport in the main channels of the mouth of the Langebaan Lagoon. From this investigation it was recommended that future studies would require an updated survey of the area, to ensure accurate modelling of the conditions as experienced during field surveys. Further recommendations on the investigation of sediment transport were the inclusion of wave action to provide realistic results. Wave action is a fundamental part of sediment transport along the coastline.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert die konstruksie van die breekwater en die kaai gedurende die vroeg 1970’s in Saldanhbaai, is verskeie veranderings aan die kuslyn in die gebied van die Langebaan strandmeer mond waargeneem. Hierdie veranderinge sluit in die erodering van Langebaan Strand, geleë naby die dorp van Langebaan. 'n Ondersoek is onderneem om die moontlike impak van die bogenoemde strukture op die hidrodinamika en sedimentvervoer van die Saldanhabaai en die Langebaan strandmeer stelsels, veral die strandmeer se kanale, met die fokus op die ingang na die Langebaan strandmeer te ondersoek. 'n Twee-dimensionele numeriese model is gebruik vir hierdie ondersoek.
Die verouderde inligting van die seebodem wat beskikbaar was vir die opwekking van die numeriese model het die kalibrasieproses bemoeilik. Alhoewel hierdie proses bemoeilik is kon ‘n aanvaarbare kalibrasie bereik word. Aangesien die gemodelleerde area en die werklike area nie ooreengestem het nie is resultate van die numeriese model omsigtig benader en die resultate geskik gevind om die kennis oor die moontlike impak wat die breekwater en die kaai op die hidrodinamika en sedimentvervoer van Saldanhabaai en die Langebaan strandmeer het, te verbreed. Resultate uit die sedimentvervoer model verskaf slegs ‘n aanduiding van die sedimentvervoer wat deur gety veranderings en wind gegenereer word. Werklike sediment vervoer sal die effect van golfaksie ook in ag moet neem, wat in hierdie studie uitgesluit is. Golfaksie is van kardinale belang by sediment vervoer langs ‘n kuslyn.
Resultate van die numeriese model, gebaseer op gety en wind alleen, het aangedui dat geen groot impak op die hidrodinamika en sedimentvervoer as gevolg van die konstruksie van die breekwater en die kaai in Saldanhabaai ervaar word nie. Gedurende die ondersoek van die impak van verskeie ekstreme watervlak en uiterste windtoestande, is dit opgemerk dat 'n 1 in 100 jaar windsnelheid oor die langste stryklengte na Langebaan Strand gelei het tot die grootste vloei snelhede in die hoofkanale voor die konstruksie van die breekwater en die kaai. Na die konstruksie van die breekwater en die kaai is gevind dat gety storms die grootste snelhede en dus ook die meeste sedimentvervoer gegenereer het by Langebaan Strand. Uit hierdie ondersoek is dit aanbeveel dat toekomstige studies opgedateerde opmetings van die gebied moet uitvoer wat akkurate modellering, gebaseer op die toestande soos in die veld, sal verseker. Verdere aanbevelings oor die ondersoek van sediment vervoer is die modellering van .golfaksie wat van kardinale belang is in sediment vervoer langs ‘n kuslyn en dus meer realistiese resultate sal lewer.
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Olivier, David William. "The sustainability and employment creation potential of bivalve mariculture: A case study of mussel and oyster farms in Saldanha Bay." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17914.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study addresses the sustainable development and employment creation potential of bivalve mariculture with reference to the case of Saldanha. The first section of the study looks at various theoretical perspectives relating to sustainable development. The development of modernist theory is presented, as are its shortcomings. The People-Centred Development theory is presented as an alternative theoretical perspective. This theory is relevant to the present study because it prioritises the participation of local individuals in the development process, rather than prioritising the increase of capital gain. One of the development approaches within people-centred development is the Learning Process Approach. The learning process approach provides a development model through which people-centred development can take place. The study then focuses on empirical cases.
The development of four mariculture case studies from different countries and farming different organisms is then considered. The development process of these case studies is used to draw lessons on what factors affect the sustainable development of a mariculture sector. It is shown that five key factors play a role in the sustainable development of each of the four cases. The five factors are the state, the market, funding, the environment and the local community. These five factors provide a typology with which to measure the potential for the sustainable development of the bivalve mariculture sector in Saldanha. Literature on Saldanha is then reviewed, giving a background to rising unemployment in Saldanha and the need to consider the expansion of alternative sectors. This is followed by presenting the methods and results of empirical research involving the collection of primary data in Saldanha.
The research methods used in conducting empirical research in Saldanha are presented. This research elicited data on bivalve mariculture employees and bivalve mariculture directors in Saldanha as well as state representatives. The key findings of this study are that the restrictive state policies on mariculture and a lack of funding are the primary limitations to the sector‟s expansion. The sector has the potential to expand by a factor of four, providing employment for over 200 households in Saldanha.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie ondersoek fokus op die volhoubare ontwikkeling en werkskeppingspotensiaal van tweekleppige marikultuur met verwysing na die geval van Saldanha. Die eerste gedeelte van die ondersoek handel oor verskillende teoretiese perspektiewe met betrekking tot volhoubare ontwikkeling. Die ontwikkeling van modernistiese teorie word aangebied, tesame met sy tekortkominge. Die Mens-Gesentreerde Ontwikkelingsraamwerk word as 'n alternatiewe teoretiese perspektief aangebied. Die mens-gesentreerde ontwikkelingsraamwerk is relevant tot die huidige ondersoek omdat dit die deelname van plaaslike individue in die ontwikkelingproses, eerder as die verhoging van kapitaalwins, vooropstel. Een van die ontwikkelingsbenaderings binne mens-gesentreerde ontwikkeling is die Leerproses Benadering. Die leerproses benadering bied 'n ontwikkelingsmodel waardeur mens-gesentreerde ontwikkeling kan plaasvind. Die leerproses benadering word dan gebruik om die ontwikkeling van ander marikultuur gevalleondersoeke te bespreek.
Die tweede deel van die huidige ondersoek beskou die ontwikkeling van vier marikultuur gevalleondersoeke uit verskillende lande wat met verskillende organismes boer. Die ontwikkeling van hierdie gevalleondersoeke is gebruik om lesse op te stel oor watter faktore 'n invloed op die ontwikkeling en volhoubaarheid van 'n marikultuursektor het. Dit is getoon dat die vyf belangrikste faktore wat 'n rol in die volhoubaarheid en uitbreidingspotensiaal van elk van die gevalle gespeel het die staat, die mark, finansiering, die omgewing en die plaaslike gemeenskap behels. Hierdie vyf faktore is gebruik as 'n tipologie om die volhoubaarheid en uitbreidingspotensiaal van die tweekleppige marikultuursektor in Saldanha te meet. Die geval van Saldanha word eerstens in die literatuur aangebied vir 'n agtergrond oor stygende werkloosheid in Saldanha en die noodsaaklikheid om die uitbreiding van alternatiewe sektore te oorweeg.
Derdens is primêre navorsing oor Saldanha se tweekleppige marikultuursektor onderneem. Data is versamel vanaf werknemers, direkteure en staatsverteenwoordigers. Die belangrikste bevindings van hierdie ondersoek is dat die beperkende staatsbeleid oor marikultuur en 'n gebrek aan fondse die primêre beperkings op die uitbreiding van die sektor is. Die sektor het die potensiaal om met 'n faktor van vier uit te brei. Teen hierdie grootte sal meer as 200 huishoudings in Saldanha 'n inkomste hê.
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Barends, Charles. "Stakeholder interaction in the establishment of an oil and gas manufacturing hub in Saldanha Bay." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/967.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MTech(Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011<br>Business ventures tend to commit themselves too soon to the twin issues of corporate social responsibility and stakeholder interaction, but in practice normally fail to deliver on all their promises in this regard, which often lead to great disappointment for the local communities involved. The new dispensation in South Africa has currently contributed to a great extent to how communities respond when they face issues of this nature. Sowman and Megan Gawith (1994) are believe that this new approach in behaviour of communities is owing to the recent influence of western models of development on developing areas. An inability of business to adapt to this changed environment will inevitably lead to a fragile relationship between such an entity and the community, which could easily ruin the implementation of development plans and ultimately cause the end of a business. Waddock and Graves (1997) are of the view that if good stakeholder consultation is maintained, it could be favourable for both business and community, and healthy relationships of this nature are always evident in the practice of such a company. The Stakeholder Engagement Practitioner Handbook (2008:5) is a specific model which is explored by this study in order to prevent a negative kind of relationship between a business and the local community. This is regarded as an imperative tool for comparison purposes to ensure sustainable and sound interaction, whilst identifying potential problem areas and simultaneously serving as a guiding map. The aim of this study was to investigate the ongoing interactions process for the identification of strengths and weaknesses of engagements in the Saldanha Bay venture in order to provide recommendations for improvement accordingly, as well as to determine whether the current process is substantive and responsive enough to the real needs and expectations of these groupings. The research, therefore, reviewed available literature on public paticipation and stakeholder interaction for business success in order to develop a theorethical model based on the strengths and weaknesses of the current engagement process in the Saldanha Bay Municipal area, and to also identify key components for beneficial dialogue. A descriptive case study technique was adopted as the most appropriate design to focus analytically on the entire engagement process and to extrapolate the nature of the interaction from various stakeholder accounts, in order to emphasise the views of the selected population. The results of this study indicated that the current local engagement process did indeed match most of the elements contained in the proposed model after a comparison was conducted. The research findings further revealed that even though the forum gained enormous momentum during the first phase, the process still lacks a few key areas to ensure more effective engagement. If these key areas are not properly addressed, this situation could at a later stage pose a serious threat to the future sustainability of the forum.
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Franceschini, Giuliana. "Geology of Aeolian and marine deposits in the Saldanha Bay region, Western Cape, South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4197.
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Bibliography: leaves 246-273.<br>The west coast of South Africa has been exploited for diamonds for most of the last century. Although some literature has accumulated over this period, the evolution of the coastal plain since the Cainozoic remains poorly understood. The aim of this thesis is to offer a multidisciplinary study of the evolution of coastal deposits in the Saldanha Bay area, along the southern part of the west coast. The environments investigated comprise lagoons, coastal dunes and shorelines. The ages of the deposits were obtained with radiocarbon dating, strontium isotope stratigraphy and biostratigraphy.
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Brierley, Errol Noel. "The Problem of Sustainable Development: The case of the Saldanha Bay community mussel farming project." University of the Western Cape, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7318.
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Magister Administrationis - MAdmin<br>Existing literature offers various definitions of sustainable
development, yet very few efforts have thus far been made to move
specific communities to such a state of development. Popularised by
the Brundland report, the concept of sustainable development is
understood to be that which "meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own
needs". However, the abstract concept of sustainable development
raises various of questions concerning, for example, intergenerational
implications of patterns of resources use and equitable
resource allocations as highlighted in this study.
This research indicates that the principles of sustainable development
posed a veritable challenge to development projects. Hence, the
confusion surrounding the concept, often leads to disagreement and
misunderstanding in the demarcation of specific projects.
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Moses, Denver. "Saldanha Bay Industrial Development zone: Co-ordination as a determining factor of opportunity lost or gamechanger." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25486.
Full textAbstract:
As a fledgling democracy, South Africa has had to contend with a slowing economy that has been accompanied by increasing unemployment. The Industrial Development Zone (IDZ) is one of the policy instruments used by the South African government in an attempt to overcome these challenges. This research study takes a closer look at this policy instrument within the specific context of the Saldanha Bay IDZ. Saldanha Bay is an operating port on the West Coast of South Africa which, after a series of feasibility studies, has been deemed a suitable location to establish a services hub for upstream oil and gas activities. Its competitive advantages are inter alia a naturally deep port and close proximity to Cape Town. This study seeks to construct a rich narrative that unravels key activities that emerged from the project's conceptual phase through to its implementation phase. This is a period of a little less than two decades stretching from around 1999 to 2016. In linking this narrative to a timeline, this dissertation explores three central issues. The first is whether the Saldanha Bay IDZ presents a commercially viable option for investors. Secondly, it explores whether the public sector has been able to establish the necessary enabling environment required for project success. Finally, it seeks to determine the factors that influenced the speed of project delivery. This narrative is built by having conversations with key stakeholders from both the private and public sectors who have had an involvement with the project for a considerable amount of time. The intention is to extract lessons from their journey and use these learnings as a basis to improve stakeholder co-ordination in this and other projects characterised by multiple actor and principal relationships.
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Scott, Diane Lesley. "A geochemical investigation of the sediments in Small Bay, Saldanha Bay, with special reference to the mobility of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17944.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: pages 135-145.<br>Saldanha Bay is a natural deep-water harbour situated on the Cape West Coast, approximately 100 km north of Cape Town. The bay is not an estuary, since there are no rivers or streams entering the inlet. Saldanha Bay covers a total area of approximately 9.61 x 107 m2 and consists of three interconnected water bodies: Langebaan Lagoon, Big Bay and Small Bay. The latter two are separated from each other by a causeway and a series of jetties. At present, Small Bay is the most developed of the water bodies, supporting activities such as commercial and industrial fishing, the mariculture of mussels, and the exportation of iron ore and metal concentrates. Conflicting demands are being placed on the system, and the sediments are known to be contaminated with a range of trace metals. The handling of ore and metal concentrates in particular, have been identified as a threat to the survival of the mariculture industries. The overall objective of this study was to provide a geochemical characterisation of the sediments in Small Bay. It focused on identifying the factors which have the greatest influence on the mobilities of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in the sediments. This was achieved through a geochemical interpretation of the results obtained from analyses of sediment solid phase samples and pore water samples. Factors affecting the metal mobilities were identified by investigating the statistical relationships between calculated partition coefficients (Kp) and the characteristics of the sediment solid and aqueous phases.
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Swanepoel, Lehahn Searle. "Positioning in Somali narratives in the Saldanha bay municipality area on the west coast of South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17879.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil )--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is interested in discourses of displacement in which migrants articulate the experience of
seeking improved life chances in a community considerably removed from their place of origin. Not
only physical and environmental distance, but also distance related to cultural, linguistic and
religious differences distinguish the (im)migrants from the local indigenous population, which is
already a culturally and linguistically diverse community. This study investigates how histories of
displacement and experiences of alienation or integration may be discursively managed among a
group of young Somali males aged between 15 and 35 who entered South Africa in their late teens
or early twenties.
Specifically, this thesis considers how young Somali men who relocated to a rural Western Cape
town and make a living through trading, present themselves in English-language narratives elicited
during informal interviews. The study was conducted in Vredenburg, the administrative centre and
economic hub of the Saldanha Bay Municipal area on the West Coast of South Africa. The data for
the study was collected by means of audio recorded interviews. To supplement this data and gain
more perspective on the situatedness of the discourses, the researcher further relied on field notes as
well as additional informal conversations with the participants. The data was collected over a period
of five months in 2007.
To analyse the data, the researcher draws on the theoretical frameworks of Labov's structural
analysis of narratives and Wodak and Reisigl's (2001) discourse-historical approach, and Bamberg's
(1997) narrative constructivist perspective. The research aims to determine (i) how the narrators
construct themselves in their narratives, and (ii) how speakers position themselves towards the
content of their narratives, and towards their actual and imagined audiences.
This study shows that displacement brings about new contexts characterised by uncertainty, conflict
and inequalities, and this influences the way narrators orient themselves. The Somali narrators, in
interviews conducted in English with a community outsider, position themselves as displaced and
marginalised. During their narratives, the participants used several linguistic strategies to present
themselves in various ways to actual or imagined audiences, which lead to negative otherpresentation
and positive self-presentation and construction of in-group and out-group membership.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie fokus op diskoerse van ontworteling waarin migrante hul ervaring verwoord van ’n
soeke na beter lewensgeleenthede in ’n gemeenskap ver verwyderd van hul plek van herkoms.
Buiten vir die fisiese en omgewingsafstand, is daar ook afstand daargestel deur kulturele,
linguistiese en godsdiensverskille, wat die (im)migrante onderskei van die plaaslike bevolking – op
sigself ’n kultureel en linguisties diverse gemeenskap. Hierdie studie doen ondersoek na hoe
geskiedenisverhale oor ontworteling en ervarings van vervreemding of integrasie diskursief bestuur
kan word binne ’n groep jong Somaliese mans van 15 tot 35 jaar wat Suid-Afrika in hul laat
tienerjare of vroeë twintigerjare binnegekom het.
Die tesis fokus spesifiek op hoe jong Somaliese mans wat na ’n plattelandse Wes-Kaapse dorp
migreer het en ’n handelsbestaan voer, hulself voorstel in Engelstalige narratiewe wat ontlok is
tydens informele onderhoude. Die studie is gedoen in Vredenburg, die administratiewe en
ekonomiese kern van die Saldanhabaai Munisipale Area aan die Weskus van Suid-Afrika. Die data
vir die studie is ingesamel deur middel van klankopnames van onderhoude. Ten einde dié data aan
te vul en meer perspektief te verkry ten opsigte van die plasing van die diskoerse, het die navorser
verder gesteun op veldnotas sowel as bykomende informele gesprekke met die deelnemers. Die data
is oor ’n tydperk van vyf maande in 2007 versamel.
In die ontleding van die data maak die navorser gebruik van die teoretiese raamwerke van Labov se
strukturele analise van narratiewe en Wodak en Reisigl (2001) se diskoers-historiese benadering,
asook Bamberg (1997) se narratief-konstruktivistiese perspektief. Die navorsing het ten doel om vas
te stel (i) hoe die vertellers hulself in hul narratiewe konstrueer, en (ii) hoe sprekers hulself
posisioneer ten opsigte van die inhoud van hul narratiewe en ten opsigte van hul werklike en
denkbeeldige gehore.
Hierdie studie toon dat ontworteling nuwe kontekste skep wat gekenmerk word deur onsekerheid,
konflik en ongelykhede en ’n invloed het op die wyse waarop vertellers hulself orienteer. Tydens
onderhoude met ’n gemeenskapsbuitestaander, uitgevoer in Engels, posisioneer die Somaliese
vertellers hulself as ontwortel en gemarginaliseer. In hul narratiewe gebruik hulle verskeie
linguistiese strategieë om hulself op verskillende maniere voor te stel aan werklike en denkbeeldige
gehore wat lei tot ’n negatiewe voorstelling van die Ander, ’n positiewe voorstelling van die Self
en die daarstelling van binne- en buite-groep lidmaatskap.
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Du, Plessiss Abraham Erasmu. "A decade of performance management at local level : the case of the Saldanha Bay Municipality : 2005 to 2015." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5631.
Full textAbstract:
Masters in Public Administration - MPA<br>South Africa is plagued by municipal service delivery protest actions on a perennial basis. This observable fact is confirmed in the municipal audit reports of the Auditor General (AG) for the 2010-11 and 2011-12 financial years. One of the reasons cited for these poor audit results by the office of the Auditor General is problems linked to the management of performance, or the absence of a proper Performance Management System (PMS). This study aims to establish why a municipality finds it difficult to develop, implement and sustain a proper PMS, and what factors contribute to an efficient PMS in a municipality. This research is based on a case study of a category B-municipality, namely the Saldanha Bay Municipality and explores various factors necessary to ensure the effective implementation of a performance management system. The primary aim of the study is to identify and discuss the negative and the positive factors regarding the case of the Saldanha Bay Municipality over a period of 10 years. It analyses the PMS problem areas and endeavours to understand what contributed to the Auditor General’s “clean audit” finding in the 2013/14 and 2014/15 financial periods. The study utilized the case study approach as this is arguably the most appropriate approach to understand and interpret the phenomenon that was studied. The study also concentrates on both primary and secondary sources of data. Secondary sources include books, journal articles and government reports whilst the primary sources include personal observations, structured interviews and a survey questionnaire. The survey questionnaire was adapted from the de Waal and Counet (2009) questionnaire and applied to the management / staff of this municipality. This instrument is appropriate in that it allowed the researcher to probe and explore the 31 performance categories against which the implementation of a Performance Management System in the Saldanha Bay Municipality was assessed. The key findings of this study, especially in the first 5 years of the decade in discussion, indicate that the lack of management commitment, leadership and support played a role in the problems related to the implementation of a PMS. Other factors that were also evident were the lack of enough time and resources for the implementation of a PMS and the lack of a comprehensive change management process during the implementation phase. A fourth finding was that the PMS did not present enough benefits for management, particularly in their daily management activities, which resulted in a culture of compliance, rather than a culture of performance.
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Heasman, Kevin Gerald. "The influence of oceanographic conditions and culture methods on the dynamics of mussel farming in Saldanha Bay, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005134.
Full textAbstract:
The principal aim of this study was to establish the biological and environmental parameters governing the successful and sustainable cultivation of mussels in Saldanha Bay. The environmental study investigated seston, chlorophyll-a and particulate organic matter (POM) levels, water temperature dissolved oxygen and salinity levels in the bay and water flow in and around the rafts. The biological part of the study investigated the efficiency of food extraction, growth rates, mussel condition, fouling and production and yield on a rope, raft and farm scale. Saldanha Bay is well suited for the culture of mussels, particularly Mytilus galloprovincialis and Choromytilus meridionalis. Water temperature and salinity in Saldanha Bay were found to be near optimal for mussel culture. POM and chlorophyll-a levels were found to be high due to primary production resulting from the nutrient rich upwelled water outside Saldanha Bay. The mean levels of chlorophyll-a (8,6μg/l) represent 6%, by mass, of the total POM. On a bay scale the POM remained above the mussels maximum requirements (pseudofaeces threshold) during the study period. Mussels showed a preference for the phytoplankton portion of the POM. Approximately 40% of the chlorophyll-a was extracted from the water by the mussel farm. The efficiency of food extraction increased with mussel age. Rafts with seed mussels younger than 2 months, 3 to 4 months, 5 to 6 months and older than 6 months extracted 32%, 55%, 85% and 92% of the available chlorophyll-a respectively. An increase of rope spacing on the rafts resulted in 37% more chlorophyll-a and 30% more particle volume reaching the lee of the raft. Ambient water currents in the bay show flow rates of up to 22cm per second. However, on entering a raft with a rope spacing of 60cm, the water flow is attenuated by 90%. Increasing the rope spacing to 90cm resulted in a water flow attenuation of 72%. The increase in rope spacing ensures that the mussels in the centre of the raft are feeding on food levels close to, or above, the pseudofaeces level. Mussel growth rate at a rope spacing of 90cm is significantly improved as a result of the increased food delivery. There are other factors, however that effect mussel growth. Growth rates were found to be better in summer than in winter. The reduced winter growth rate is possibly due to competition with the maturing fouling organisms which settle in mid to late summer. Fouling by mussel spat and Ciona intestinalis is seasonal, occurring from December to May. C.intestinalis is prevalent in the centre of the farm and rafts as low energy waters are preferred by this species. Mussel spat settles mainly on the periphery of the farm and the rafts. Competition with fouling organisms reduces growth and increases mortality of the cultured mussels. Results indicate that the present spacing of rafts, (1 raft per hectare) is adequate under existing conditions. Any new farms should maintain batches of 50 rafts with channels between them to ensure water current penetration into the furthest reaches of the farm. Rope spacing on the rafts should be increased to between 60cm and 90cm. Mussel density should be regulated according to mussel size and fouling should be controlled to maintain yields.
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Wilson, Daniel T. "Some aspects of the nitrogen nutrition and growth of Gracilaria gracilis grown by suspended cultivation in Saldanha Bay, South Africa." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26492.
Full textAbstract:
For suspended cultivation of seaweeds in the open ocean, the selection of suitable sites and the optimization of cultivation methods for maximum productivity are of utmost importance. Growth of raft-cultivated Gracilaria gracilis in Saldanha Bay is known to be badly affected in late summer due to the persistence of warm oligotrophic water at the ocean surface which prevents replenishment of nutrients by upwelling. This study documents the extent of nitrogen starvation during this period and investigates some possible methods of managing this problem. Nitrogen content, C:N ratio and stable isotope abundances of C and N were obtained for material grown for varying lengths of time, material grown at various depths and material that had been fertilized prior to placement on the raft. The relationship between thallus colour and nitrogen content was also documented using a standard colour guide. The onset of nitrogen starvation was rapid, occurring after about two weeks on the raft. Growth was optimized about a meter below the water surface, possibly as a result of photoinhibition of photosynthesis at the surface. Nitrogen limitation ceased below about 2m growth depth. Prefertilization had no significant effect on yield after 4 weeks growth. Thallus colour showed a clear relationship with N content and may be a useful indicator of N status of cultivated Gracilaria. δ¹⁵N was related to N content and increased rapidly when N limitation was removed. Stable isotope natural abundance measurements are a useful tool in the study of growth environment, but more controlled experimentation investigating the factors which influence these values is needed, particularly for macroalgae.
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Van, Wyk Frederick C. (Frederick Christoffel). "Die Saldanhabaai Watergehalte Forum Trust : 'n instrument vir beplande, geintegreerde monitering en bestuur van watergehalte." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52226.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Saldanha-Langebaan coastal zone is an important natural resource and serves as
habitat for several endangered bird and fish species. Development in this coastal zone
holds a constant threat for the natural environment and has a negative impact on the
water quality of the bay. It is therefore essential to manage the water quality to ensure
fitness for use for all the beneficial users in this coastal zone.
This study focuses on the utilization and management of the Saldanha-Langebaan
coastal zone. The beneficial users have different water quality requirements. It is
therefore important to identify all the different water uses and to determine the
occurrence of pollution and the dispersion thereof in the bay.
The biophysical characteristics of the natural resource are described as part of the
objective determining phase of the integrated water quality management process. The
thesis also focuses on the inauguration and functioning of an integrated water quality
management organization and the development and implementation of a long term
monitoring program, with special emphasis on the sediment en health monitoring
results.
The result of this research study is a functional management instrument for integrated
water quality monitoring and management in the Saldanha-Langebaan coastal zone.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Saldanha-Langebaan kussone is 'n belangrike natuurlike hulpbron en dien as
habitat vir verskeie bedreigde voel- en visspesies. Hierdie kussone is egter ook onder
konstante ontwikkelingsdruk wat 'n negatiewe impak op die watergehalte van die baai
het. Dit is dus noodsaaklik dat die watergehalte so bestuur word dat dit geskik bly vir
al die gemeenskaplike watergebruikers in hierdie kussone.
In hierdie studie is die benutting en bestuur van die Saldanha-Langebaan kussone
ondersoek. Verskillende watergebruikers het uiteenlopende watergehaltebehoeftes en
dit is noodsaaklik om die verskillende watergebruikers, sowel as die voorkoms en
verspreiding van besoedeling in hierdie gebied te identifiseer.
Die biofisiese eienskappe van die natuurlike kusopvanggebied is beskryf as deel van
die aanvanklike doelwitbepalingsfase van geïntegreerde watergehaltebestuur. Die
tesis fokus ook op die stigting en werkswyse van 'n geïntegreerde
watergehaltebestuursliggaam, asook die ontwerp en implementering van 'n
langtermyn moniteringsprogram. Daar is veral gelet op die resultate van die
. sediment- en bakteriologiese moniteringsprogram.
Die resultaat van die navorsingsproses is die totstandkoming van 'n funksionele
bestuursliggaam wat as instrument dien vir geïntegreerde monitering en bestuur van
die watergehalte in die Saldanha-Langebaan kussone.
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Kupara, Tapiwa Ronald. "Understanding the human dimensions of ecosystems approach to fisheries management: The case of fish workers in the hake sector in Saldanha Bay." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4023.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Philosophiae - MPhil<br>This study outlines human dimensions in the hake sector in South Africa in terms of hake fish workers. The hake fish workers condition of employment, security of employment, social security issues, remunerations and their living conditions forms part of the social, economic and political dimensions in hake fisheries. The need for ensuring sustainable long-term utilisation of the hake resource and to manage, prevent and reduce all adverse effects of harvesting the hake stock through knowledge based intervention is crucial to this study.
Sustainable fisheries management can use the working and living conditions of fish workers as indicators for effective management of fisheries. Fish workers issues, which include their conditions of service, contractual agreements, work safety, income, working hours and other human dimensions, may have an effect on the effective sustainable management. Ecosystems approaches takes into consideration the human dimensions and ecological consideration for effective fisheries management. Knowledge of the historical and economic importance of the hake sector is crucial for the planning and future of the fisheries. Applying the concept of the ecosystems approaches to hake fisheries management is also critical in understanding the human dimensions in hake fisheries. The qualitative methodology of field work was used in understanding the human dimensions in commercial hake fisheries. The investigation into the fish workers labour issues and living conditions through a field work highlighted that the labour issues such as type of employment (permanent or casual), conditions of employment (social security, regulated hours of work, good working conditions), stagnation in terms of promotion, remuneration and issues surrounding labour brokers are some of the social issues in the hake sector. The living conditions of fish workers, stagnation and improved remuneration should be attended to in the sector. Fish workers in the hake sector rely on wages for their livelihood. Workers’ participation in decision-making at governance level should be enhanced for effective governance in the fisheries
29
Morley, Terry. "Competitive interactions between the agarophyte Gracilaria verrucosa (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) and the problem alga Ulva lactuca (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) from Saldanha Bay in South Africa." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25922.
Full text
30
Davids, Gregory Jerome. "Local Government Capacity for Policy Implementation in South Africa: A Study of the Saldanha Bay and Swellendam Municipalities in the Western Cape Province." University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7759.
Full textAbstract:
Philosophiae Doctor - PhD<br>Local government in South Africa is an autonomous policy implementation arm of the government system. The purpose of this study was to examine the institutional, organisational, and human resource capacity challenges the Saldanha Bay and Swellendam Municipalities in the Western Cape faced in their policy implementation especially on poverty alleviation. The objectives of the study were to develop a theoretical framework for examining institutional, organisational and human resource capacity in the Saldanha Bay and Swellendam Municipalities; to discuss the local government constitutional, legislative and policy framework within which the Saldanha Bay and Swellendam Municipalities delivered services to communities; to examine the capacity challenges in the service delivery of the Saldanha Bay and Swellendam Municipalities and, thereby, highlight operational problem areas; and to make general policy recommendations on the basis of the research findings of the study. The methodology used was the case-study approach. It allowed an in-depth understanding of the dynamics present within Saldanha Bay and Swellendam municipality. The methodology enabled the researcher to answer the research question: In what ways, and with what results has institutional, organisational and human resource capacity affected service delivery in the Saldanha Bay and Swellendam Municipalities in the Western Cape? The major findings of the study were that local government capacity for policy implementation is directly influenced by the presence or otherwise of institutional, organisational and human resource capacity. These dimensions of capacity are mutually inclusive, independent and interrelated in practice. The study makes several policy recommendations. In the area of institutional capacity the recommendations were that floor-crossing legislation and practices must be done away with; that weak capacitated municipalities ought to be alleviated by public - private partnerships as a mechanism to enhance a municipality's ability to
develop and implement policy; and that instead of solely setting standards and monitoring performance, the provincial treasury should assist municipalities to acquire financial competencies. In the area of organisational capacity it was recommended that the community ought to participate in the recruitment and selection committee of the Municipal Manager. It was also recommended that municipalities should establish district-wide forums for financial heads whose purpose would be to create a platform for collaboration, and for the exchange of ideas. And in the area of human resource capacity it was recommended that district municipalities ought to assume a more prominent role in building the capacity of the local authorities with which they share legislative and administrative powers. It was also recommended that both the administrative and political leadership ought to participate in compulsory executive and/or leadership training programmes SALGA
implements through some tertiary educational institutions and/or through private service providers.
31
Manthi, Fredrick Kyalo. "The taphonomy of a micromammalian faunal assemblage from the Saldanha Bay Yacht Club : a contribution to the study of the South African west coast palaeoenvironments." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7710.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: leaves 129-146.<br>This thesis provides a broad outline of the effect of taphonomic and ecological processes on the accumulation and transformation of micromammalian faunal assemblages, and the importance of the signatures left behind by these processes in the reconstruction of ancient ecosystems. Micromammalian remains recovered from a rich Terminal Pleistocene site near the Saldanha Bay Yacht Club (SBYC) along the South African west coast have been examined following Andrews' (1990a) procedures. In the investigation of the effect of taphonomy on the SBYC faunal remains, murids (rodents) and soricids (shrews) have been examined separately and in as much detail as possible. The analyses have shown that the long bones of the soricids exhibit a relatively higher degree of completeness than those of the murids, suggesting preferential preservation of the former. Additionally, soricid jaws have yielded higher minimum number of individuals (MNIs) than long bone counts whereas for murids the opposite is the case. These observations have indicated the need for more taxonomically resolved analyses on the effect of taphonomic processes on micromammalian remains. Three micromammalian species represented in the SBYC faunal samples (Tatera afra, Myosorex varius and Suncus varilla) yielded much higher MNI counts than did other species. This reflects the intermediate selective behaviour of the inferred accumulator of the fauna, the barn owl, although the spotted eagle owl has not been completely ruled out. The study of the SBYC micromammalian fauna has underscored the need to integrate both taphonomic and ecological factors in the attempts to infer potential predators that might have been responsible for the accumulation of microanalytic occurrences. This is also necessary for understanding the environmental contexts in which the fauna was accumulated and/or derived. The micromammalian species represented at SBYC have suggested that in the SBYC area some 15,000 years ago, there was a mosaic of microhabitats including well-vegetated and moist microhabitats, and an admixture of bush and sandveld. Overall, climatic conditions in the SBYC area when the microfauna accumulated were moderate, and generally not different from the conditions prevailing today.
32
Arendse, Clement J. "Aspects of the early life history and a per-recruit assessment of white stumpnose Rhabdosargus globiceps (Pisces: Sparidae) in Saldanha Bay with recommendations for future research and monitoring." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10069.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on several aspects of the life history of R. globiceps, and includes a study of juvenile habitat, a hatch date analysis, methods to increase precision of age estimates obtained from reading otoliths and a per-recruit assessment.
33
MacHutchon, Keith Robert. "An introduction to multifractal geometry of wave sea states on the west and south-east coasts of South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96920.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: All of the Ports along the South African coastline are subject to bound infragravity
wave action to a greater or lesser degree, for example, at the Ports of Saldanha Bay on
the west coast and Ngqura on the south-east coast. Saldanha Bay harbour principally
services loose- and liquid-bulk carriers and the Ngqura harbour mainly services
container ships. The long wave actions when severe cause moorings to be broken,
ships to leave the quay and loading to stop.
This research has confirmed that the sea surface is a multifractal structure
characterised by many singularities ranging from highly irregular or rough features to
smooth or calm features. Any wave train is comprised of the full range of these
features to various degrees and in varying percentages of occupancy.
Notwithstanding this problem, relatively little is known about them in the South
African context due to the fact that they cannot be visually detected and specialised,
sophisticated equipment is required to physically measure them. The country is
currently planning the development of a new port and the expansion of others for
larger ships. Under these circumstances this research is seen to be appropriate from
the point of view of obtaining a new method for the characterisation of these
hazardous wave conditions.
The objective of the research was achieved. This was to identify a set of fractal
dimensions that describe the surface geometry of a hazardous bound infragravity
wave sea state.
In order to achieve the objective, a set of fractal dimensions was firstly determined
from video imagery of an open water wave field, by analysing a set of single point
time series data derived from the imagery. This has been done in order to be able to
visually compare the derived set of fractal dimensions with video imagery of the sea surface that they represent. It also has the advantage of proving that fractal methods of
analysis are applicable for the study of sea surface single point time series data. Secondly, periods when long wave action occurs at both Saldanha Bay and Ngqura
harbours were identified by the presence of their actions in the harbours.
Thirdly, single point time series data recorded by the Council for Scientific and
Industrial Research (CSIR) were obtained during the identified periods as well as two
days before these times and fractal sets of dimensions for the periods were
determined. This was achieved by means of the following methods of analysis:
● The rescaled range (R/S) method,
● The Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MDFA) method,
● The Power Spectral Density (PSD) method in both the Fourier and the wavelet
domains, and
● The Wavelet Transform method.
Fourthly, the fractal data sets from each harbour were compared to confirm that the
sets of dimensions for the hazardous sea state are clearly different from those of the
non-hazardous sea state and can be used to describe the condition.
Finally, the fractal sets of dimensions for hazardous sea states at both harbours were
compared to identify any variances between them.
During the research it was found that a hazardous sea state could be profiled for
identification purposes and for complementing the currently determined significant
wave height and peak period details by means of fractal indices.
These indices were identified by comparison with a similar set of indices for nonhazardous sea states at the same location, as part of a ‘calibration’ process and clearly
identified shifts in the Holder exponents of the sea states enabled the unambiguous
identification of the hazardous condition.
Having completed the research and analysis work, the author has identified other
areas of coastal engineering, besides the identification of hazardous bound infragravity wave sea states, where a study of multifractal geometry could be applied
advantageously.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Alle hawens langs Suid Afrika se kuslyn is tot ‘n meerdere of mindere mate
onderworpe aan gebonde infragravitasie golf aksie. Hierdie probleem is egter veral
straf by die hawens van Saldanhabaai aan die weskus en Ngqura, aan die suidooskus.
Saldanhabaai voorsien dienste hoofsaaklik aan massa draers van los stowwe en
vloeistof, terwyl Ngqura hoofsaaklik houerskepe bedien. Die lang golf aksies
veroorsaak dat ankertoue breek en die skepe die kaai verlaat, sodat laai van die skepe
tot stilstand kom.
In die loop van hierdie navorsing is gevind dat die seevlak ‘n multifraktale struktuur
is, met singulariteitseienskappe wat wissel van hoogs onreëlmatig of rowwe
eienskappe tot gladde, reëlmatige eienskappe. Enige golfreeks behels die volle
omvang van hierdie eienskappe in verskillende grade en wisselende teenwoordigheids
persentasies.
Die navorsing is gefokus op die geometrie van gebonde infragravitasie golfaksie
seetoestande, wat oral langs die Suid Afrikaanse kuslyn voorkom, en in twee hawens
‘n beduidende bedreiging vir vasgemaakte skepe is. Ondanks die probleem, is min
bekend oor hierdie toestande in Suid Afrikaanse konteks, omdat hulle nie visueel
bespeur kan word nie en spesiale gesofistikeerde gereedskap nodig is om hulle fisies
te kan meet. Daar word tans beplan om ‘n nuwe hawe te ontwikkel, wat hierdie
navorsing veral gepas maak, met die doel om ‘n meer volledige beskrywing van
hierdie bedreigende golftoestande te weeg te bring. Die doel van die navorsing is om ‘n stel fraktale dimensies te identifiseer wat die
oppervlakgeometrie van ‘n bedreigende gebonde infragravitasie golf-seetoestand
omskryf. Hierdie dimensies kan dan gebruik word om ‘n indentifiserende profiel van
die seetoestand te teken om die inligting tans beskikbaar oor beduidende golfhoogte
en piektye, aan te vul.
Om hierdie doel te bereik is ‘n stel fraktale dimensies eerstens bepaal deur middel van
videobeelding van ‘n oopwater golfveld. ‘n Stel enkelpunt tydserie data, afgelei van
die beelding, word dan ge-analiseer. Dit het visuele vergelyking tussen die afgeleide
stel fraktale dimensies en die videobeelding van die seevlak wat dit verteenwoordig
het, moontlik gemaak. ‘n Verdere voordeel is dat dit bewys het dat fraktale
analisemetodes toepaslik is vir die bestudering van seevlak enkelpunt tydreeks data.
Tweedens is die tye wanneer lang golfaksie teenwoordig was in die hawens by
Saldanha en Ngqura, vasgestel deur die uitwerking daarvan in die hawens.
Derdens is enkelpunt tydreeks data wat deur die WNNR aangeteken is vir die
vasgestelde tydperke, sowel as twee dae voor elke tydperk, verkry en is fraktale
dimensiestelle vir elke tydperk vasgestel.
Vierdens is die fraktale datastelle van albei die hawens vergelyk om te bevestig dat
die stelle dimensies vir bedreigende seetoestande duidelik verskil van die vir niebedreigende
toestande, en dus geskik is om die seetoestand te beskryf.
Ten slotte is die fraktale dimensiestelle vir bedreigende seetoestande in die twee
hawens vergelyk om enige verskille tussen hulle te bepaal.
Na voltooiing van die navorsing en analise is ander gebiede van kusingenieurswese
behalwe die bepaling van bedreigende gebonde infragravitasie golf seetoestande,
identifiseer waar multifraktale geometrie ook tot voordeel aangewend kan word.
34
Marta, António Augusto Mousinho Almadanim Santa. "Sustainable aquaculture in Saldanha Bay, South Africa." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/18515.
Full textAbstract:
Saldanha Bay, located near the coastal town of Saldanha, in Western Cape Province of South Africa, possesses excellent conditions for mussel and oyster aquaculture. Its linkage with the adjacent upwelling current system provides a very productive environment for phytoplankton growth, and this has led to the development of a vibrant shellfish aquaculture industry. The main objectives of this work are to develop a model which simulates the main ecological processes within the Bay, to determine the Bay’s carrying capacity for mussel and oyster production, and to produce a management tool for decision making.
Bivalve aquaculture has great growth potential and may be important for human food security as mankind faces a projected need of an additional 30 X 106 tonnes per year of aquatic products by 2050. Bivalve aquaculture is organically extractive, and can additionally provide significant ecosystem services in top-down control of eutrophication, and creation of structure for stimulating biodiversity. When managed properly, this form of aquaculture has a very low environmental footprint, mainly associated with organic enrichment of the sediment. This impact is even less relevant in upwelling systems such as Saldanha Bay where particles tend to be flushed out in the surface layer, and in all cases it must be borne in mind that by definition shellfish aquaculture results in a net removal of seston from the water column.
This model was developed using EcoWin an object oriented approach to ecological modelling. The model for Saldanha Bay was set up using oceanographic and water quality data collected from Saldanha Bay, and culture practice information provided by local shellfish farmers. The first step was the construction and calibration of the ecological model, in order to provide a general description of the biogeochemical behaviour of the Bay, followed by the addition of the shellfish aquaculture component.
EcoWin successfully reproduced the key ecological processes, correctly simulating a mean phytoplankton biomass of 7.5 chl a L-1. The aquaculture module simulated an annual harvested biomass of about 3000 t y-1, in good agreement with reported yield.
Six production scenarios were explored, for illustrative purposes:
- Increase in stocking density of shellfish
- Two alternatives for aquaculture development in particular areas of Saldanha Bay
- Prediction of the maximum production capacity of the Bay.
These results were analysed in terms of their impacts and potential.This study demonstrates the relevance of aquaculture-oriented ecological models in evaluating different stakeholder-defined development scenarios, and their utility in avoiding the social and environmental impacts of testing different scenarios in situ. The present application of EcoWin shows great potential for supporting both water managers and industry in Saldanha Bay.
35
Cloete, George Ethelinn Nicholas. "An assessment of the factors influencing the academic resilience of trainees in entrepreneurial training programmes: case of the new venture creation programme in the Saldanha Bay Municipal Area, West Coast Region, South Africa." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/972.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MTech(Business Administration))-- Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012<br>In the education and training environment retention and a high throughput rate of students are common objectives of many learning institutions from government sponsored community training programmes to tertiary institutions. High dropout and attrition in many of these education and training programmes is, therefore of great concern for all stakeholders in these institutions. The high dropout rate experienced in entrepreneurial training programmes is, in particular, of great concern, given its importance in the South African economy. The New Venture Creation (NVC) Learnership NQF Level 4, is one such training programme rolled out by the South African government to develop entrepreneurs in the previously disadvantaged section of the South African population for various socio-economic and political reasons. The Services SETA were responsible for the roll out NVC Learnership for previously disadvantaged individuals (PDI„s) within the Saldanha Bay Municipal area. The PDI‟s refer to those sections of the population who were isolated in terms of new venture creation during the apartheid regime. Depriving these South Africans of the necessary entrepreneurial skills for new venture creation had an impact on their participation in entrepreneurship and the formal economy. The social context of the potential entrepreneur, further, impact hugely on objectives envisaged for these programmes. One of the key objectives of the programme is to change the attitude towards entrepreneurship from the tendency to start survivalist to establishing sustainable business ventures. The entrepreneurial mind-set of the trainee and the training context, therefore, play a huge role. In order to address the issue of huge trainee dropout and develop the mind-set of trainees in NVC programmes, this study seeks to explore the issue of academic resilience as a key area of intervention to ensure higher retention and throughput rate.The current study was concerned with assessing the personal factors and other factors in the training context perceived by trainees‟ to influence their academic resilience in the New Venture Creation (NVC) training programme.An in-depth literature study was done to establish the factors on a personal level and in the training context that tend to influence the academic resilience of trainees. Graduates in a NVC Learnership in St. Helena Bay formed the case study to assess these factors by means of a structured questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The semi-structured interview offered graduates the opportunity to elaborate on certain findings in the questionnaire. A focus group session was held with another group who did a similar NVC NQF Level 4 Learnership, to corroborate and validate the findings of the interviews in the first group.The research revealed that personal and training contextual factors do influence the academic resilience of trainees in the NVC training programme. The research findings, further, revealed that these factors have huge implications for facilitation and, in particular, on a pedagogical level.