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Journal articles on the topic 'Sales – Scotland'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Tretiakov, Alexei, Jo Bensemann, John Sanders, and Laura Galloway. "The perceived importance of external ties and the performance of small owner-managed firms." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 20, no. 3 (2018): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465750318808940.

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The effects of perceived importance of external ties, a dimension of tie strength, on the performance of small owner-managed firms were investigated using data from a survey of the owners of small owner-managed firms in Scotland and New Zealand. Ties rated as highly important were found to promote growth in sales. In contrast, weak-in-importance ties were found to suppress growth in sales. The results support the core competence perspective on the configuration of external ties, suggesting that firms should focus on important external ties that contribute to their core competencies.

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2

Lewsey, Jim, Houra Haghpanahan, Daniel Mackay, Emma McIntosh, Jill Pell, and Andy Jones. "Impact of legislation to reduce the drink-drive limit on road traffic accidents and alcohol consumption in Scotland: a natural experiment study." Public Health Research 7, no. 12 (2019): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/phr07120.

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Background It is widely recognised that drink driving is a leading cause of road traffic accidents (RTAs). There is evidence that changing the drink-drive limit from a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 to 0.05 g/dl is effective in reducing RTAs. Scotland changed the blood alcohol concentration limit to 0.05 g/dl on 5 December 2014. Aims To assess whether or not the numbers and rates of RTAs and per capita alcohol consumption in Scotland were reduced because of the 2014 drink-drive legislation. To assess whether or not the 2014 change in legislation provided good value for money. Design A nat

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3

Hardy, Mary. "The seventeenth-century English and Scottish reception of Francis de Sales’An Introduction to a Devout Life." British Catholic History 33, no. 2 (2016): 228–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bch.2016.26.

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St Francis de Sales’ devotional manual,An Introduction to a Devout Life(1609), had a complex but fascinating reception history in seventeenth-century England and Scotland. Collectively, the English-language editions in this century include two translations and, perhaps most interestingly, several reformed editions. It is curious that a post-Reformation, Tridentine Catholic work, written by a French bishop dedicated to converting Protestant ‘Heretiques,’ would appeal to both Catholics and Protestants alike. Most of the seventeenth-century English editions were published abroad in Douai, Paris,

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4

Christie, B. "Increase in alcohol sales in Scotland is driven by low prices and rising affluence." BMJ 342, mar22 2 (2011): d1852. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d1852.

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5

NENADIC, STANA. "Selling Printed Cottons in Mid-Nineteenth-Century India: John Matheson of Glasgow and Scottish Turkey Red." Enterprise & Society 20, no. 2 (2019): 328–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2018.77.

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This article on cotton sales in India considers the market information that was gathered mid-nineteenth century by commission agents in Bombay and by personal observations of Glasgow Turkey red entrepreneur John Matheson. The article includes an account of the rise and demise of Turkey red cotton printing in Scotland; and explores the variety of piece sizes, patterns, colors, and packaging that was necessary for sales in India. It also reveals seasonal changes in demand and an appetite for novelty patterns. What did Matheson, his contemporaries, and his agents understand about their Indian mar

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ROOKMAAKER, KEES. "The quest for Roualeyn Gordon Cumming's rhinoceros horns." Archives of Natural History 29, no. 1 (2002): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2002.29.1.89.

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The longest horn ever recorded for the White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) was one measuring 158cm, shot by Roualeyn Gordon Cumming (1820–1866) in the South African interior between 1843 and 1848. The quest for the present whereabouts of this trophy led from Gordon Cumming's museum in Fort Augustus, Scotland (which existed from 1858 to 1866), to auction sales in Inverness and London, across the ocean to the American Museum run by circus magnate P. T. Barnum in New York. While the horn actually remained in family custody, it apparently disappeared recently.

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7

Davidson, Donald A. "The influence of land capability on rural land sales: a case study in Renfrewshire, Scotland." Soil Use and Management 5, no. 1 (1989): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1989.tb00758.x.

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8

Jones, Colin. "The impact of political risk on real estate investment: evidence from the Scottish “neverendum”." Property Management 37, no. 5 (2019): 610–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-01-2019-0006.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the role of political risk in real estate and to specifically examine the implications in Scotland of continuing uncertainty caused by political events. Design/methodology/approach The primary research links the political timeline around the Scottish independence referendum in 2014 to time series of a combination of individual investment transactions, measures of sentiment from investment agents and yields. The analysis distinguishes between UK and overseas investors. Findings The political risk over six years ebbed and flowed with the changing

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9

McCrone, David. "Afterword: 2014 and after: The Changing Anatomy of Civil Society and the Media in Scotland." Scottish Affairs 27, no. 1 (2018): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2018.0229.

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The Scottish press and media have been credited with keeping alive and amplifying Scottish national identity, and with it, the Scottish Home Rule project. And yet, the Scottish press has undergone a massive decline in sales and readership in the last fifty years. This brief commentary addresses the apparent anomaly that the press, the ostensible carriers of the Scottish political project, are no longer vital to its development in the 21st century.

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10

Bateman, D. N., D. R. Gorman, M. Bain, J. H. C. Inglis, F. R. House, and D. Murphy. "Legislation restricting paracetamol sales and patterns of self-harm and death from paracetamol-containing preparations in Scotland." British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 62, no. 5 (2006): 573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02668.x.

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11

Inglis, J. H. C. "Restricting Sales of Paracetamol Tablets: Effect on Deaths and Emergency Admissions for Poisoning in Scotland 1991 – 2002." Scottish Medical Journal 49, no. 4 (2004): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693300404900408.

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12

Hilton, Shona, Marissa J. Smith, Christina H. Buckton, and Chris Patterson. "Experts’ views on how to design a tobacco control fund in the UK." BMJ Open 12, no. 11 (2022): e066224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066224.

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ObjectiveTo explore expert views on the potential value, and approaches to establishing and administering a tobacco control fund in the UK.DesignSemistructured interviews and follow-up discussion groups.SubjectsTwenty-four UK and international experts on tobacco control regulation, public health, economics or law from the academic, public, private and third sector.MethodsParticipants considered the relative merit of (1) general excise tax on retail tobacco sales; (2) ring-fenced hypothecation of excise taxes on retail tobacco sales; and (3) a direct levy on tobacco manufacturers. Preliminary s

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13

Anderson, Peter, Daša Kokole, and Eva Jane Llopis. "Production, Consumption, and Potential Public Health Impact of Low- and No-Alcohol Products: Results of a Scoping Review." Nutrients 13, no. 9 (2021): 3153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13093153.

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Switching from higher strength to low- and no-alcohol products could result in consumers buying and drinking fewer grams of ethanol. We undertook a scoping review with systematic searches of English language publications between 1 January 2010 and 17 January 2021 using PubMed and Web of Science, covering production, consumption, and policy drivers related to low- and no-alcohol products. Seventy publications were included in our review. We found no publications comparing a life cycle assessment of health and environmental impacts between alcohol-free and regular-strength products. Three public

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Critchlow, Nathan, Martine Stead, Crawford Moodie, Kathryn Angus, Douglas Eadie, and Anne-Marie MacKintosh. "Difference between recommended retail price and sales price for tobacco products in independent and convenience (small) retailers before and after the introduction of standardised tobacco packaging in the UK." Tobacco Control 28, no. 4 (2018): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054409.

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AimRecommended retail price (RRP) is a marketing strategy used by tobacco companies to maintain competitiveness, communicate product positioning and drive sales. We explored small retailer adherence to RRP before and after the introduction of the Standardised Packaging of Tobacco Products Regulations in the UK (fully implemented on 20 May 2017) which mandated standardised packaging of cigarettes and rolling tobacco, set minimum pack/pouch sizes and prohibited price-marking.MethodMonthly electronic point of sale data from 500 small retailers in England, Scotland and Wales were analysed. From Ma

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Ritchie, Elizabeth. "Cows, Sheep & Scots." Ontario History 109, no. 1 (2017): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1039197ar.

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In the ongoing discussion of how Canada’s economy developed and how the land was colonised, little attention has been paid to the role of farm animals. The strategies of Scottish immigrants to rural Upper Canada show the centrality of livestock in subsistence, in the informal economy of barter, exchange and credit, and in off-farm sales. Raising stock—particularly cattle, sheep and pigs—was not an addition to settlers’ sources of income and subsistence, but underpinned most of them. Letters back to Scotland, supplemented by surveys and census data, show that animals’ contribution to clearing f

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Copus, Andrew, Jonathan Hopkins, and Rachel Creaney. "The Transaction Footprints of Scottish Food And Drink SMEs." European Countryside 8, no. 3 (2016): 227–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/euco-2016-0017.

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AbstractThis paper presents a survey approach to measuring the “transaction footprints” of rural small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Combined with a graphical presentation of results, this contributes to the evidence base on the roles of local and global linkages. Findings suggest that the food and drink industry of Scotland is relatively localised in its input and sales interaction pattern, although substantial variations, associated with product specialisms, remoteness/accessibility, input purchasing and marketing strategies, exist. Localised SMEs have weathered the recession slightly

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17

Roper-Caldbeck, Kath, and Katie McDonald. "Distilling the Past: Cataloguing the Records of Whyte & Mackay." Business and Industrial History: A Journal of Archival Research 34 (July 2, 2025): 109–23. https://doi.org/10.36399/bih.34.594.

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The Whyte & Mackay collection was accessioned in 2016 and is held as part of the University of Glasgow’s Archives and Special Collections’ Scottish Business Archive, which already managed a smaller number of Whyte & Mackay records deposited in the 1990s and has an ongoing agreement with Whyte & Mackay for the management of its corporate archive. The collection captures almost 200 years of distilling history in Scotland, and at the time of deposit ran to over 60 linear metres of material with records covering corporate governance; finance; sales; correspondence; staff; production; p

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18

Robinson, M., C. Geue, J. Lewsey, et al. "Evaluating the Impact of a Multi-Buy Discount Ban on Off-Trade Alcohol Sales: A Natural Experiment in Scotland." International Journal of Epidemiology 44, suppl_1 (2015): i268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv096.511.

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19

Ashcroft, B., and J. H. Love. "Evaluating the Effects of External Takeover on the Performance of Regional Companies: The Case of Scotland, 1965 to 1980." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 21, no. 2 (1989): 197–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a210197.

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A framework is suggested for the evaluation of the effects of external takeover on regional economic performance, and an approach is offered to identify the impact of takeover on the performance of the acquired firm. The approach is then applied to estimate the effects of external takeover on the performance of Scottish manufacturing companies between 1965 and 1980. The results show that external takeover improved sales performance but lowered rates of return in acquired firms. Employment was, in general, unaffected. Overall, the effects on acquired firms are judged to have been beneficial, bu

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20

Robinson, Mark, Daniel Mackay, Lucie Giles, Jim Lewsey, Elizabeth Richardson, and Clare Beeston. "Evaluating the impact of minimum unit pricing (MUP) on off‐trade alcohol sales in Scotland: an interrupted time–series study." Addiction 116, no. 10 (2021): 2697–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.15478.

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21

Henderson, Audrey, Mark Robinson, Rachel McAdams, Gerry McCartney, and Clare Beeston. "Tracking Biases: An Update to the Validity and Reliability of Alcohol Retail Sales Data for Estimating Population Consumption in Scotland." Alcohol and Alcoholism 51, no. 3 (2015): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agv109.

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22

Robinson, Mark, Claudia Geue, James Lewsey, et al. "Investigation of the effect of a multi-buy discount ban on off-trade alcohol sales: a natural experiment in Scotland." Lancet 382 (November 2013): S17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62442-3.

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23

Baxter, W. G. "Canning and freezing." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 87, no. 3-4 (1986): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000004358.

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SynopsisThis paper gives ‘an insider's view’ of the Scottish processed food manufacturing industry, through the eyes of the Managing Director and Chairman of a distinctive family company sited midway between Aberdeen and Inverness on the banks of the River Spey.In 1946 the company employed a mere 11 people, and manufactured only preserves and beetroot products, having an annual sales value of £40,000. Today a wide range of products is sold in over 60 countries with an annual turnover approaching £20 million and a profit of £1–5 million.Forty years ago there were more than 20 jam making compani

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24

McCARTNEY, G., J. COWDEN, S. MURRAY, and S. AHMED. "The use of a new virtual cohort study design to investigate an outbreak of E. coli O157 linked to a supermarket delicatessen." Epidemiology and Infection 138, no. 10 (2010): 1439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268810000257.

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SUMMARYIn outbreaks of foodborne disease associated with retail outlets, the outlet often closes as a precaution before the specific food vehicle has been identified. Suspect food vehicles may be named as part of general control measures. A conventional case-control study cannot be performed because both cases and potential controls are likely to be aware of the hypothesis and therefore potentially biased. Modern sales recording systems in many food retail outlets may provide a basis for constructing a virtual cohort and allow a statistical inference to be made about various possible vehicles

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Stead, Martine, Douglas Eadie, Richard I. Purves, Crawford Moodie, and Sally Haw. "Tobacco companies’ use of retailer incentives after a ban on point-of-sale tobacco displays in Scotland." Tobacco Control 27, no. 4 (2017): 414–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-053724.

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IntroductionIncentives have been used by tobacco companies for many years to encourage retailers to sell and promote their products. However, few studies have examined the use of retailer incentives in countries with a ban on the open display of tobacco products in stores.MethodsAs part of the DISPLAY(Determining the Impact of Smoking Point of Sale Legislation Among Youth) study, annual qualitative interviews were conducted with 24 small retailers in four Scottish communities. This article focuses on data collected in June to July 2015 and June to July 2016 after a ban on the open display of t

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26

Black, Heather, Jan Gill, and Jonathan Chick. "The price of a drink: levels of consumption and price paid per unit of alcohol by Edinburgh's ill drinkers with a comparison to wider alcohol sales in Scotland." Addiction 106, no. 4 (2010): 729–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03225.x.

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27

Brown, Stewart J. "William Robertson, Early Orientalism and the Historical Disquisition on India of 1791." Scottish Historical Review 88, no. 2 (2009): 289–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0036924109000870.

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In 1791, the celebrated Scottish historian, William Robertson, published his final work, An Historical Disquisition concerning the Knowledge which the Ancients had of India, in which he explored the commercial and cultural connections of India and the West from ancient times to the end of the fifteenth century. This article considers Robertson's Historical Disquisition within the contexts of the Scottish Enlightenment, the early British ‘orientalist’ movement, and the expansion of British dominion in India. It argues that while the work reflected the assumptions and approaches of the British o

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Bellinder, Robin R., Gunnar Gummesson, and Christer Karlsson. "Percentage-Driven Government Mandates for Pesticide Reduction: The Swedish Model." Weed Technology 8, no. 2 (1994): 350–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00038914.

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In 1985, the Swedish government mandated a 50% reduction in agricultural pesticide use by 1990. The reference point was based on the average of total pesticide sales (kg ai) between 1981 and 1985. The goal was to halve the risks to users and to the environment. A two-pronged approach dealing with risk and with the actual reduction in agricultural pesticide use was developed. By 1991, 215 ‘unsafe’ or less effective pesticide products were withdrawn by producers or cancelled by the National Chemical Inspectorate, leaving only 322 registered. Additionally, the government was able to report a 47%

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Cross, Karen, Josie Steed, and Yang Jiang. "Harris Tweed: A glocal case study." Fashion, Style & Popular Culture 8, no. 4 (2021): 475–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/fspc_00102_1.

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Fast and effectively disposable fashion has seen clothing reduced to transient items, worn for a short period of time then discarded. This has pushed down prices, moving textile and clothing production to low-cost labour countries and decimating the traditional Scottish textile economy. Fast fashion drives consumer demand for newness and uses finite resources that are damaging to the environment. In 2019, the pressure to move towards a more sustainable fashion and textile industry is intense. Traditional textile manufacture using natural, renewable sources that are inherently long-lasting offe

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Anderson, Peter, Amy O’Donnell, Eva Jané Llopis, and Eileen Kaner. "The COVID-19 alcohol paradox: British household purchases during 2020 compared with 2015-2019." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0261609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261609.

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British supermarket-panel data suggest no increases in overall sales and purchases of alcohol following COVID-19 lockdowns, yet survey and mortality data suggest otherwise. This paper attempts to unravel the paradox. Based on purchase data of 79,417 British households from Kantar Worldpanel, we undertake controlled interrupted time series analysis of the impact of COVID-19 confinement introduced on 23rd March 2020, and variably applied during 2020, compared to purchases during 2015 to 2019 as controls. We also undertook Poisson regression analyses to estimate if changes in purchases differed b

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Brennan, Alan, Colin Angus, Robert Pryce, et al. "Potential effects of minimum unit pricing at local authority level on alcohol-attributed harms in North West and North East England: a modelling study." Public Health Research 9, no. 4 (2021): 1–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/phr09040.

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Background In 2018, Scotland implemented a 50p-per-unit minimum unit price for alcohol. Previous modelling estimated the impact of minimum unit pricing for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Decision-makers want to know the potential effects of minimum unit pricing for local authorities in England; the premise of this study is that estimated effects of minimum unit pricing would vary by locality. Objective The objective was to estimate the potential effects on mortality, hospitalisations and crime of the implementation of minimum unit pricing for alcohol at local authority level in

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32

Xhurxhi, Irena Palamani. "The early impact of Scotland's minimum unit pricing policy on alcohol prices and sales." Health Economics 29, no. 12 (2020): 1637–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hec.4156.

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33

Finlay, Ilora G., and Katherine Severi. "Commentary on Robinson et al .: England needs minimum pricing to tackle alcohol's hidden harms—Scotland's experience shows minimum unit pricing (MUP) on off‐trade alcohol sales is effective." Addiction 116, no. 10 (2021): 2708–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.15578.

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Furrow, Melissa. "Dalhousie University." Florilegium 20, no. 1 (2003): 125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/flor.20.038.

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There are only a handful of scholars who have their primary appointments in Dalhousie departments and a primary interest in medieval fields. In French, we have Hans Runte, best known among medievalists for his work on the Seven Sages of Rome, but his more recent publications have been in the field of Acadian letters. In English, we have Hubert Morgan, who works in Middle English, Old Norse, and Old English (romance, saga, and epic are particular interests), and Melissa Furrow, who has finally completed a long labour on reception of romances in medieval England (Expectations of Romance: Drasty

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35

Baarsen, R. J. "Andries Bongcn (ca. 1732-1792) en de Franse invloed op de Amsterdamse kastenmakerij in de tweede helft van de achttiende eeuw." Oud Holland - Quarterly for Dutch Art History 102, no. 1 (1988): 22–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187501788x00555.

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AbstractAs was the case with silversmiths (Note 3), many more cabinet-makers were wcrking in Amsterdam during the second half of the 18th century than in any other city in the Dutch Republic, the names of 195 of them being now known as opposed to 57 in The Hague and 32 in Rotterdam (Note 2). Most of those 195 names have been culled from the few surviving documents of the Guild of St. Joseph in Amsterdam, to which the cabinet-makers belonged (Note 4), supplemented by other sources, such as printed registers of craftsmen and shopkeepers (Note 6). Another important source is the newspaper the Ams

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Giles, Lucie, Daniel Mackay, Elizabeth Richardson, Jim Lewsey, Mark Robinson, and Clare Beeston. "Evaluating the impact of minimum unit pricing (MUP) on alcohol sales after 3 years of implementation in Scotland: A controlled interrupted time‐series study." Addiction, April 29, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.16492.

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AbstractBackground and aimsOn 1 May 2018, Scotland introduced minimum unit pricing (MUP), a strength‐based floor price below which alcohol cannot be sold, throughout all alcoholic beverages. The legislation necessitates an evaluation of its impact across a range of outcomes that will inform whether MUP will continue beyond its sixth year. We measured the impact of MUP on per‐adult alcohol sales (as a proxy for consumption) after 3 years of implementation.Design, setting and participantsControlled interrupted time‐series regression was used to assess the impact of MUP on alcohol sales in Scotla

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"Sales fly for ISF in Scotland." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 50, no. 2 (2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm.2003.12850bab.036.

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"PAF appoints sales/service engineer in Scotland." Soldering & Surface Mount Technology 13, no. 1 (2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssmt.2001.21913aab.022.

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"Parkheath expands sales and service in Scotland." Soldering & Surface Mount Technology 13, no. 3 (2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssmt.2001.21913cab.044.

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Giles, L., M. Robinson, C. Beeston, J. Lewsey, and D. McKay. "Evaluating the impact of Minimum Unit Pricing on population alcohol consumption in Scotland." European Journal of Public Health 30, Supplement_5 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.074.

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Abstract Background Scotland experiences high levels of alcohol consumption and related harm. The relationship between alcohol price and consumption is well established. Minimum unit pricing (MUP), introduced in Scotland in 2018, sets a minimum price at which a unit of alcohol can be sold. The intention of MUP is to prevent alcohol being sold at below 50 pence per unit, thereby reducing alcohol consumption and in turn related harm to health. Scotland is the first country to implement this form of MUP; the evaluation of the impact of MUP is therefore of international importance. Methods Using c

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Christie, Bryan. "Minimum pricing in Scotland leads to fall in alcohol sales." BMJ, June 10, 2020, m2324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m2324.

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McVie, Susan, and Ana Morales-Gomez. "Mapping the dynamics between violence and alcohol outlets in Scotland using data from ambulance services." International Journal of Population Data Science 9, no. 5 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v9i5.2918.

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ObjectiveIn Scotland, the link between alcohol consumption and violent crime remains a significant concern. This study aims to explore the association between assault-related incidents captured by health services in Scotland and the availability and density of alcohol premises in Scotland. ApproachScotland has experienced an overall decline in violence in the last years; however, this trend varies significantly across different regions. Research has shown the importance of analysing the spatial and social contexts in which violence occurs. Using linked administrative data from ambulance servic

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Caryl, Fiona M., Jamie Pearce, Rich Mitchell, and Niamh K. Shortt. "Inequalities in children’s exposure to alcohol outlets in Scotland: a GPS study." BMC Public Health 22, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14151-3.

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Abstract Background Alcohol use is a leading cause of harm in young people and increases the risk of alcohol dependence in adulthood. Alcohol use is also a key driver of rising health inequalities. Quantifying inequalities in exposure to alcohol outlets within the activity spaces of pre-adolescent children—a vulnerable, formative development stage—may help understand alcohol use in later life. Methods GPS data were collected from a nationally representative sample of 10-and-11-year-old children (n = 688, 55% female). The proportion of children, and the proportion of each child’s GPS, exposed t

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Christie, Bryan. "Alcohol sales fall in Scotland a year after minimum pricing took effect." BMJ, June 19, 2019, l4296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4296.

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Grigoryan, Ani. "The Ratio of Debt, its Components and Sales Revenue of Diageo." “Katchar” Collection of Scientific Articles International Scientific-Educational Center NAS RA, September 18, 2024, 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54503/2579-2903-2024.2-122.

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Diageo owns more than 200 brands, operates in over 180 countries, and employs just under 28,000 people globally. They own some of the world’s most recognizable international brands such as Johnnie Walker, Smirnoff, Baileys, Tanqueray, Captain Morgan and Guinness as well as several brands that are important within smaller markets. Scotch whisky represents 24% of Diageo’s net sales as of 2022, and is therefore one of the most important aspects of their portfolio. Diageo owns 30 whisky distilleries in Scotland, including Lagavulin, Clynelish and Talisker, and control the production of 27.71% of S

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Jenneson, Victoria, Francesca Pontin, Emily Ennis, Alison Fildes, and Michelle Morris. "Has HFSS legislation led to healthier food and beverage sales? The DIO-Food protocol – using supermarket sales data for policy evaluation." International Journal of Population Data Science 9, no. 4 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v9i4.2426.

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Introduction & BackgroundOn 1 October 2022, new legislation came into force for England restricting the placement of some food and drink products high in fat, sugar and salt (HFSS). Products such as confectionery can no longer be placed at store entrances, ends of aisles, or at the checkout in large retail stores and their online equivalents. Objectives & ApproachOur protocol sets out how daily sales and product data from multiple retailers will be used to evaluate the legislation’s success in relation to HFSS sales, product portfolios and equitability. Food and drink sales data from 1

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Iacobucci, Gareth. "Minimum unit pricing has led to drop in alcohol sales in Scotland, data show." BMJ, November 22, 2022, o2815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o2815.

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Valiente, Roberto, Helena Tunstall, Amanda Y. Kong, et al. "Geographical differences in the financial impacts of different forms of tobacco licence fees on small retailers in Scotland." Tobacco Control, February 7, 2024, tc—2023–058342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tc-2023-058342.

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ObjectiveRetailer licencing fees are a promising avenue to regulate tobacco availability. However, they face strong opposition from retailers and the tobacco industry, who argue significant financial impacts. This study compares the impacts of different forms of tobacco licence schemes on retailers’ profits in Scotland.MethodsWe calculated gross profits from tobacco sales in 179 convenience stores across Scotland using 1 099 697 electronic point-of-sale records from 16 weeks between 2019 and 2022. We estimated different fees using universal, volumetric and separate urban/rural schemes. We iden

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Maher, Jennifer A., and Tanya Wyatt. "Rural-urban dynamics in the UK illegal puppy trade: Trafficking and trade in 'man's best friend'." International Journal of Rural Law and Policy 9, no. 2 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ijrlp.2.2019.6266.

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Recently, much attention has been given to the presence and increase of transnational crime, particularly focusing on online illicit markets. A seldom-explored aspect of transnational online illicit markets is the rural to urban flow of the illicit goods. This paper details research on the UK puppy trade, documenting the movement of puppies reared in irresponsible and/or illegal conditions in rural locations and then advertised online for the urban market. Through analysis of online advertisements in Scotland and expert interviews, a stakeholder survey, and focus groups across Great Britain, w

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Shortt, Niamh K., Helena Tunstall, Richard Mitchell, et al. "Using point-of-sale data to examine tobacco pricing across neighbourhoods in Scotland." Tobacco Control, March 19, 2020, tobaccocontrol—2019–055484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055484.

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ObjectivesTo assess the geographical variation in tobacco price (cigarettes and roll-your-own (RYO) tobacco) in convenience stores across Scotland and how this relates to neighbourhood income deprivation, tobacco retail outlet density and urban/rural status.MethodsTobacco price data from 124 566 shopping baskets purchased in 274 convenience stores during 1 week in April 2018 were obtained through an electronic point-of-sale system. These data were combined with neighbourhood-level measures of income deprivation, tobacco retail outlet density and urban/rural status. We examined brand price for

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