Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Salicacées – Tertiaire (ère géologique)'
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Thiébaut, Mélanie. "Morphométrie et modélisation des formes : outils révélateurs de la biodiversité des macroflores tertiaires." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10102.
Full textTorres, Gonzalez Teresa. "Etude paléobotanique du tertiaire des îles Roi Georges et Seymour, Antarctique." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10247.
Full textMoïne-Vaziri, Hossein. "Volcanisme tertiaire et quaternaire en Iran." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112187.
Full textMartin, Céline. "Etude géochimique haute résolution de l’émail dentaire des grands herbivores : implications méthodologiques et reconstitutions des paléoclimats et paléoenvironnements du Tertiaire d’Asie." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20138.
Full textThe aim of this work was to study the seasonal climatic and environmental variations in Asia (Pakistan and Thailand) during basal Miocene-late Miocene period, inferred from geochemical (18O, 13C and trace elements) intra-tooth enamel composition from large herbivorous. First, we tried to understand the high resolution geochemical signal measured in dental enamel. The link between climatic variation and geochemical enamel variability is affected by enamel maturation, which leads to a damped and shifted signal. Histology and X-ray microtomography studies were performed in order to define the temporal and spatial enamel formation dynamic, and then to develop a mathematical model. The latter suggested a new intra-tooth micro-sampling strategy parallel to striae of Retzius for seasonality studies, in agreement with analytical results obtained from modern rhinoceros teeth. Lastly, a preliminary study of the enamel trace element composition showed a direct or indirect link between intra-tooth element variability (Ba/Ca, P/Ca and Sr/Ca) and seasonal variability of precipitation amount, but this hypothesis must be tested. In a second part, three paleoenvironmental and paleoclimate applications agree with a monsoon system establishment before 8 Ma. A humidity increase after 22 Ma may be linked with a major event of monsoon history or to its onset. Finally, two high-resolution studies have confirmed the potential of the micro-sampling parallel to striae of Retzius for seasonality studies. The middle and late Miocene 18O enamel signal in Pakistan and Thailand was characteristic of precipitation records in SE Asia today under monsoon influence, with a 4-5 months dry season. The late Miocene was wetter than contemporary climate, in agreement with modeling and literature data suggesting an aridification of Asia during the late Miocene
Dubreuilh, Jacques. "Synthèse paléogéographique et structurale des dépôts fluviatiles tertiaires du nord du Bassin d'Aquitaine : passage aux formations palustres, lacustres et marines." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30207.
Full textBenitez, Stalin Benito. "Evolution géodynamique de la province côtière sud-équatorienne au Crétacé supèrieur-Tertiaire." Grenoble 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10071.
Full textCourgeon, Simon. "Cenozoic evolution of isolated carbonate platforms from the Mozambique Channel (SW Indian Ocean) : development and controls in active geodynamic settings." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0333.
Full textAlthough the long-term evolution of shallow-water carbonate platforms has been the subject of numerous studies during the last decades, their driving processes and the potential interactions with geodynamic activity are still deeply debated. The Mozambique Channel, located between East Africa and Madagascar continental margins, is characterized by several isolated shallow-water carbonate platforms (the Eparses Islands) and by flat-top seamounts and terraces currently lying at several hundred meters deep. Based on a varied oceanographic dataset, including bathymetric-+ DEMs, submarine videos, dredged rock samples and multi-resolution seismic, our study revealed that the surrounding flat-top submarine edifices correspond to drowned isolated shallow-water carbonate platforms that originally settled on volcanic substrates during distinct Cenozoic periods. The major drowning events, which occurred during the Late Neogene, were seemingly triggered by high rates of accommodation creation induced by extensional tectonic and/or by environmental perturbations related to volcanic activity. In parallel, tectonic deformation and volcanic accretion also resulted in the formation of raised topographies that formed relevant substrates for the edification of modern carbonate platforms and atolls. The location, timing and nature of the Late Cenozoic geodynamic activity observed along the studied isolated carbonate platforms tend to emphasize the influence and the propagation of the East African Rift System until the southern Mozambique Channel and strengthen recent kinematic models
Hervet, Sophie. "Le groupe " Palaeochelys sensu lato – Mauremys " dans le contexte systématique des Testudinoidea aquatiques du Tertiaire d'Europe occidentale : Apports à la biostratigraphie et à la paléobiogéographie." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MNHN0030.
Full textAmong freshwater Testudinoidea (sensu Gaffney & Meylan, 1988; Chelonii, Cryptodira) from the Tertiary of Western Europe, the "Palaeochelys sensu lato - Mauremys" group is defined, as is the "Ptychogasteridae " group, these groups are also re-considered in their paleobiogeographical context. Taxa from the "Palaeochelys sensu lato - Mauremys" complex, previously referred to Ocadia, Palaeochelys, Clemmys, Emys. . . Are redefined, and new taxa are described as well as new taxa of "Ptychogasteridae". The systematics and phylogeny of the Testudinoidae are studied, various phylogenies (Hirayama, 1985; Gaffney & Meylan, 1988) are discussed, new hypotheses are suggested. Two analyses of parsimony are made with 30 terminal taxa for the "Palaeochelys sensu lato - Mauremys" group and two outgroups (Platysternon megacephalum and Elkemys australis); 54 anatomical characters are described. An alternative hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships (not computerized) is proposed. An updated catalogue of the French Tertiary localities bearing chelonians is provided. The biostratigraphic and paleobiogeographical distribution of the various continental chelonian groups is studied, showing the palaeoenvironnemental and paleoecological significance of chelonians and the limits of their biostratigraphic significance
Coudert, Laurent. "Apports de la sismique et des diagraphies différées à l'étude stratigraphique du bassin tertiaire du Chaco de Bolivie (Rio Grande-Parapeti) : traitements statistiques et modélisations." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10533.
Full textGillet, Hervé. "La stratigraphie tertiaire et la surface d'érosion messinienne sur les marges occidentales de la mer Noire : stratigraphie sismique haute résolution." Brest, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008594.
Full textThe Tertiary paleogeographic evolution of the Black Sea, within the paratethys realm, was characterised by several periodic isolation episodes. The eutatic responses of the Black Sea to these de-connexions, and particularly those related to the Mediterranean Messinian crisis, are still not clearly established. The high resolution seismic stratigraphy study we present is based on interpretation of multichanel HR seismic data correlated with drillings recovered on the occidental Black Sea margin. Our investigations were concentrated on the identification of erosional surfaces, interpreted as markers of eustatic falls, linked to the basin isolation phases. On the Romano-Ukrainian shelf, the seismic profiles display six major discontinuities regarded as Tertiary erosional surfaces : (1) the surfaces underlined at the base of the Eocene (E), at the base of the Oligocene (O), in the Middle Miocene (M) and at the base of the Pontian (P); (2) and two intra-Pontian erosional unconformities (L. IPU and IPU). On the other hand, the Messinian erosional surface was clearly identified on the Bulgaro-Turckish margin. Recent correlation between the Paratethysian and Mediterranean stratigraphic scale suggest that the IPU surface recognised on the Romano-Ukrainian shelf is equivalent to the Messinian erosional surface. Among the five ante-Messinian erosional surfaces described, we interpret the M surface as the signature of a catastrophic sea level fall related to the Upper Burdigalian isolation phase. We propose that the four other surfaces correspond either to submarine erosion episodes, or to transgressive events. The discovery of the Messinian erosional surface in Black Sea constituting the major result of this study, enables to validate the assomption about the Messinian Dessiccation of the Black Sea [Hsü and Giovanoli, 1979]
Frouté, Jean-Yves. "Le rôle de l'accident d'Estella dans l'histoire géologique crétacé supérieur à miocène des bassins navarro-alavais (Espagne du Nord)." Pau, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PAUU3019.
Full textLabbassi, Kamal. "Evolution tectono-sédimentaire de la série méso-cénozoi͏̈que de la moyenne Moulouya : Lithostratigraphie, tectonique, décompaction et calcul de la subsidence." Pau, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PAUU3003.
Full textThomas, Jean-Charles. "Cinématique Tertiaire et rotations de blocs dans l'ouest de l'Asie centrale (Tien-Shan Kirghiz et dépression Tadjik) : étude structurale et paléomagnétique." Rennes 1, 1993. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00728249.
Full textSchuster, Mathieu. "Sédimentologie et paléoécologie des séries à vertébrés du paléolac Tchad depuis le Miocène supérieur." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13064.
Full textAustralopithecus bahrelghazali (3-3,5 Ma) was discovered in 1995 by the MPFT-team in the Djurab erg (NE of Chad). This is the first australopithecine found out of the classical early Hominids sites of eastern and southern Africa. Since that time, hundreds of Mio-Pliocene fossiliferous outcrops have been found. This work presents the sedimentological and palaeoecological study of those fossils-rich levels (3-7 Ma) as well as the study of quaternary formations of Djurab. Deposits are made up of alternating lake and desert units. A perilacustrine belt (0-50 km), composed of partly flooded and vegetation marked out dunes, represents the biotope where expands the most of the fauna represented by mammals, reptiles, fishes, birds and insects (dung-beetles and termites). The desert-lake elementary pattern recurs several times since upper Miocene, suggesting at least 10 recurrent major lacustrine events since 7 Ma. The last lacustrine episod of this type, known as the Mega-Lake Chad, is dated back to Holocene. The existence of this palaeolake, of about 400000 km2, was until now under discussion. This works shows significant evidences for the existence of this giant quaternary lake (lake deposits in desert, shoreline wave-cut terrace, coastal conglomerates around palaeo-islands), as wide as the present-day Caspian sea. This lake forms by refill of its southern sub-basin (wet tropical zone), that discharges then into its northern sub-basin (dry tropical area) through the Bahr el Ghazal dry valley. This process results in a lake in the middle of desert
Fournier, François. "Evolution de l'édifice carbonaté du champ de gaz de Malampaya, Tertiaire, offshore Palawan, Philippines : implications pour la caractérisation du réservoir." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX11025.
Full textThe Malampaya carbonate reservoir (Late Eocene to Early Miocene) is located offshore North-Palawan Island , Philippines. The integration of sedimentological, diagenetical, geochemical, micropalaeontological and stratigraphical analyses from subsurface data (cores, well-logs and high-resolution 3D seismic) allowed the reconstruction of the Malampaya carbonate build-up evolution at various time and space scales (parasequence and seismic sequence scales) and the identification of its controlling factors (carbonate producers, eustacy, tectonics, climate and oceanography). The reservoir subdivision into metre-scale intervals is related to the development of high-frequency subaerially exposed cycles in the inner-shelf (time scale: 10-100ka). Decametre-scale diagenetic bodies developed in relation with low-frequency evolution of the carbonate system (time scale ~1-10Ma), mainly controlled by tectonic deformation
Schieb, Thierry. "Facies géotechniques et état de consolidation des sédiments de la pente continentale niçoise (baie des anges)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL031N.
Full textRochat, Philippe. "Structures et cinématique de l'Altiplano nord-bolivien au sein des Andes centrales." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00518070.
Full textBruxelles, Laurent. "Dépôts et altérites des plateaux du Larzac central : Causses de l'Hospitalet et de Campestre (Aveyron, Gard, Hérault). Evolution morphogénétique, conséquences géologiques et implications pour l'aménagement." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10003.
Full textRossi, Tristan. "Contribution à l'étude géologique de la frontière Sud-Est de la plaque Caraïbes : La Serrania Del Interior Oriental (Venezuela) sur le transect Cariaco-Maturin : Synthèses paléogéographique et géodynamique." Brest, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BRES0001.
Full textMéloux, Jean-Luc. "Etude morphopédologique des plateaux nord-occidentaux du Massif central : La Marche, Le Boischaut et le bocage Bourbonnais." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CLF20014.
Full textThis work focuses on the geology, geomorphology and soil cover of a piedmont region extending from the crystalline and metamorphic uplands of the massif central to the southern periphery of the paris basin. The marche, boischaut and bocage bourbonnais areas exhibit patches of cenozoic clayey and sandy alluvium, often preserved within small-sized basins. These are interpreted as remain of a formerly continuous outwash fan. Red palaesols are also encountered. The poor soils which have developed on this siliciclastic material raise serious land use and management problems for agriculture and forestry. These aspects call for an analysis of the successive stages of landscape development during which, from the palaeogene to the quaternary, denudation and deposition occured across the piedmont. Following a geographical overview of the region, the state of our current knowledge is reviewed from the available literature. This is followed by a sedimentological and palaeogeographical characterization of the different cenozoic deposits, and these are correlated with the main stages of landscape evolution. The mosaic of natural land systems is further outlined by an analysis of the soil types which were developed and preserved on this sedimentary parent material. Qualitative models of the natural landscape units are proposed. This pedo-geomorphological approach aims to define functional land units, assess land potential and on-site soil fertility. Land units are mapped at different scales with a view to establish a link between fundamental research and sustainable husbandry in deprived rural areas. This should provide concerned public and private partners with appropriate management guidelines