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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Salinity tolerance'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Elmezoghi, Saleh Mohamed. "Physiology of salinity tolerance in maize." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433774.

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2

Babagolzadeh, Ali. "Salinity tolerance in seven Trifolium species." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367195.

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3

Hossain, Mohammad Rashed. "Salinity tolerance and transcriptomics in rice." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5092/.

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Morpho-physiological characterization and whole genome transcript profiling of rice genotypes that belongs to sub-species Indica, Japonica and wild relatives were carried out under salt stress. The existence of qualitatively different mechanisms of salt tolerance across the genotypes was identified. Multivariate analysis was applied to categorize the genotypes according to their level of tolerance. Modified SAM analysis elucidated the trait specific expression of genome wide transcripts. Gene ontology enrichment analysis identified the genes involved in different molecular functions such as si

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4

Schuch, Ursula K., and Jack J. Kelly. "Salinity Tolerance of Cacti and Succulents." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216639.

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The salinity tolerance of golden barrel cactus (Echinocactus grusonii), ocotillo (Fouquieria splendens), saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea), and Gentry’s agave (Agave parryi truncata) was tested. Plants were irrigated with a solution of EC 0.6, 5.0, 10.0, and 15.0 dS/m. Duration of treatments were 18 weeks for saguaro and 26 weeks for the other three species. In general, fresh weight, dry weight, and moisture content decreased with increasing salinity levels, with the exception of saguaro dry weight which was not affected by the treatments, and ocotillo moisture content which increased with i

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5

Hendawy, Salah El-Sayed el. "Salinity tolerance in Egyptian spring wheat genotypes." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972317627.

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6

Kwon, Taek-Ryoun. "Physiological studies of salinity tolerance in Brassica species." Thesis, Coventry University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361653.

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7

Buya, J. K. "The genetics of salinity tolerance in Tilapia species." Thesis, Swansea University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636193.

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Path coefficients were applied to estimate the amount of variation each physiological factor determines in the serum water content (SEWCON) or time-to-succumb (TS). Each estimate was used to reconstitute its own mean. In all cases, the <I>re-constructed</I> variables exhibited a higher value of V<SUB>G</SUB>/V<SUB>P</SUB> than in the original. This infers the expression of genetic variability masked by the composite action of many gene differences on the trait (Mather and Harrison 1949). V<SUB>G</SUB>/V<SUB>P</SUB> was related to neither the correlation or regression between groups. Correlatio

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8

Møller, Inge Skrumsager. "Na⁺ exclusion and salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612521.

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9

Schrader, Stephanie EllaJean, and Stephanie EllaJean Schrader. "Salinity Tolerance of Lettuce Cultivars in Controlled Environment." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624098.

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The specific objectives of this study were to determine the effects of increasing salinity on growth, crop quality, and physiological parameters of different lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars grown either in a hydroponic system or in soil and subjected to irrigation water of varying salinity levels. Two trials were conducted in winter 2016 and summer 2016 in a greenhouse using a hydroponic system for the cultivation of three lettuce cultivars. 'Romaine del Sol', Leaf Lettuce 'Bergams Green' and 'Green Leaf Lettuce' were exposed to irrigation water with increasing salinity (2.1, 3.6, 5.1, a

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10

Hawks, Austin McCoy. "Salinity Inventory and Tolerance Screening in Utah Agriculture." DigitalCommons@USU, 2009. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/546.

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Soil salinity, a yield-limiting condition, has plagued crop production for centuries by reducing crop productivity. Research has introduced methods for successfully managing soil salinity. This research discusses the adaptation of established management methods to create new soil salinity management techniques. One adapted technique is an automated crop screening apparatus. A new design was created and successfully used in rapidly screening two strawberry cultivars to determine their tolerance to salinity. Screening crops and determining their tolerance to yield-limiting conditions are

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11

Dashti, Sayyed Aliasghar. "Physiological and genetic aspects of salinity tolerance in sorghum." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368871.

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12

Foroozanfar, Maryam. "Genetic control of tolerance to salinity in Medicago truncatula." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013INPT0035/document.

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Parmi les contraintes abiotiques la salinité est considérée comme un problème majeur, qui affecte le fonctionnement des plantes, en particulier leur croissance et leur rendement. Afin d’étudier le contrôle génétique de la tolérance à la salinité chez Medicago truncatula, plante modèle de la famille des légumineuses, deux expérimentations ont été réalisées. La première expérimentation visait à étudier l’effet de la contrainte saline sur différents paramètres morpho-physiologiques pour un panel de génotypes de M. truncatula afin de déterminer les traits de phénotypage pour la tolérance à la sali

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13

Yichie, Yoav. "Salinity tolerance of wild rice accessions from northern Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/21824.

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Salinity is a limiting factor for rice production globally. Cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) is highly sensitive to salinity. I studied the salt tolerance of Australian wild Oryza species to identify diversity in salt tolerance and target genes for molecular breeding. I first performed two physiological salt-screening experiments on nine wild accessions from a range of sites across northern Australia for growth responses to NaCl up to 120 mM. Screens at 40–100 mM NaCl revealed considerable variation in salt sensitivity in accessions of O. meridionalis (Om) and O. australiensis (Oa). Growth of a

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14

Aloy, i. Lleonart Merce. "Leaf ion concentrations and salt tolerance in barley." Thesis, Bangor University, 1994. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/leaf-ion-concentrations-and-salt-tolerance-in-barley(b9c4ca87-24dd-424d-b5f6-7c8f24c3a886).html.

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Breeding and selection for salt tolerance has been limited because of the large heterogeneity of natural saline soils and the lack of efficient criteria for measuring salt tolerance. Regulation of salt balances in leaves is an important aspect of salt tolerance. This work analyses the relationship between leaf ion concentrations and salt tolerance with the aim of using these traits as indicators of salt tolerance. This is done both in solution culture (hydroponics) and field trials (sprinkler irrigation with saline water). Varieties were found to differ in the amounts of ions accumulated in th

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15

Israelsen, Karl R. "Herbicide, Salinity, and Flooding Tolerance of Foxtail Barley (Hordeum jubatum L.) and Desirable Pasture Grasses." DigitalCommons@USU, 2009. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/519.

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Research trials performed in the greenhouse compared the tolerance and response of Hordeum jubatum and desirable pasture grass species to herbicides, salinity, and flooding. Desirable grass species used in this study included: `Fawn' tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceae), `Garrison' creeping foxtail (Alopecurus arundinaceus), `Palaton' reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea), `Climax' timothy (Phleum pratense), `Alkar' tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum), `Potomac' orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata), and `Mustang' altai wildrye (Leymus angustus). Tolerance to herbicides, salinity, and floodin

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16

Noori, Seyed Ahmad Sadat. "Salinity tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its relatives." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367305.

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17

Garthwaite, Alaina Jane. "Physiological traits associated with tolerance to salinity and waterlogging in the genus 'Hordeum' /." University of Western Australia, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0133.

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Wild Hordeum species, from the four genome groups of X, H, I and Y, were assessed for physiological traits associated with tolerance to salinity and waterlogging. When grown in saline conditions, a number of wild Hordeum species had exceptional ‘exclusion’ of Na+ and Cl- from the young leaves, and also maintained tissue K+ concentrations, compared with Hordum vulgare ssp. vulgare (cv. ‘Golf’). For example, at 150 mol m-3 NaCl, the K+:Na+ in youngest, fully expanded leaf blades of wild Hordeum species averaged 5.2, compared with 0.8 in H. vulgare. H. marinum was more salt tolerant than H. vulga

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18

Semikhodskii, Andrei G. "Mapping quantitative traits for salinity responses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302054.

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19

Scott, A. M. "Salinity and the growth of Crithmum maritimum and Lavatera arborea." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371066.

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20

Gillespie, Trudi. "Genetic variation in salt tolerance of four African Acacia species." Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327422.

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21

Hauer, Gwen. "Salinity Tolerance of Naked Amoebae from Freshwater, Marine, and Hypersaline Environments." NSUWorks, 2003. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/118.

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The current study examines salinity tolerance in naked amoebae. A biodiversity study was conducted in the Salton Sea, an inland lake in southern California, with an average salinity of 44 ‰. Amoebae were also collected from hypersaline ponds around the perimeter of the Sea where salinities averaged 160 ‰. A total of 45 species of amoebae were isolated, about one third of which were new to science. One Salton Sea species, Platyamoeba pseudovannellida n.sp. was found to survived over the range 0 - 150 ‰. A first estimate of abundances of amoebae in the Sea showed that densities could reach 237,1

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22

Williams, Mark Donald. "Salinity tolerance of small fishes from the Murray-Darling river system /." Title page, contents and conclusions only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbw725.pdf.

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23

Gallagher, Zoë Sydney Wilson. "The development of salinity tolerance in juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39076.

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Following yolk-sac absorption and gravel emergence pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) migrate into seawater (SW) at as small as 0.2 g. This life-history strategy is in contrast with most anadromous salmonid species that generally spend 1-2 years growing in fresh water (FW) and physiologically preparing for life in SW before they migrate to SW as smolts. This study characterized for the first time the ontogeny of SW tolerance in pink salmon around the period of yolk-sac absorption. Post-hatch juvenile pink salmon were either held in FW for 26 weeks or transferred to SW every two weeks for 20

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24

Howladar, Saad Mohammed. "Effects of salicylic acid on salinity tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum)." Thesis, University of Reading, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553172.

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Four glasshouse experiments examined salinity stress and tolerance in wheat. The first experiment examined the responses of three wheat cultivars from Saudi Arabia (Local wheat, West bread and Yecora Rojo) and two UK wheat cultivars (Paragon and Belvoir) to different levels of salinity (Tap water, 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM NaCI). In the second experiment, Yecora Rojo and Paragon were selected to test whether improved wheat tolerance to salinity could be obtained by applying exogenous Salicylic acid (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM SA) via priming seeds for 6 hours. The third experiment further tested the

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25

Arvin, Javad. "Tissue culture in potatoes and in vitro selection for salinity tolerance." Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315388.

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26

Robinson, David Lowell 1955. "RECURRENT SELECTION FOR GERMINATION SALT TOLERANCE IN ALFALFA (SALINITY, FORAGES, BREEDING)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277015.

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27

Jayakody, Ramani Renuka Perera. "Stomatal mechanisms and their contribution to salinity tolerance in Aster tripolium L." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240550.

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28

Gxaba, Nomagugu. "The effect of exogenous growth regulators on salinity tolerance in Erucastrum strigosum." University of the Western Cape, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8268.

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Magister Scientiae (Biodiversity and Conservation Biology) - MSc (Biodiv and Cons Biol)<br>Randomized block experiments were conducted to examine the putative amelioratory effects of kinetin or gibberellic acid at concentrations (0, 4, 12.5, 40, and 125 μM) in Erucastrum strigosum plants subjected to a salinity series (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mM NaCl) in the greenhouse. When the highest salinity concentration (increased stepwise) was reached, growth effects in relation to water and cation content of the plants were evaluated. Growth and water content were reduced progressively with sali

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29

Carregosa, Vanessa Silva. "Tolerance and response of clams in Ria de Aveiro to salinity changes." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/13424.

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Mestrado em Biologia Marinha<br>Unlike the concern that has been growing in relation to the impacts of contamination in marine benthic populations, the responses of aquatic organisms to natural alterations, namely changes in salinity, have received little attention. In fact, salinity is one of the dominant environmental factors that most affect marine bivalves, limiting their spatial distribution in the environment. Tide combined with fresh water inputs, from rivers or heavy rainy periods, and extreme dry seasons can dramatically alter the salinity of water, causing alterations in the benthic

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30

Leksungnoen, Nisa. "The Relationship Between Salinity and Drought Tolerance In Turfgrasses and Woody Species." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1196.

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Both salinity and drought stresses induce osmotic stress. Thus, cross-tolerance responses and mechanisms may occur in plants. The overall objectives of this study were to determine morphological and physiological responses and mechanisms of turfgrasses and woody species under salinity and drought stress conditions, and determine the relationship between drought and salinity tolerance ability in those species. Five turfgrass entries, ‘Gazelle’ and ‘Matador’ tall fescue (TF), ‘Midnight’ Kentucky bluegrass (KBG), PI368233 (Tolerant KBG), and PI372742 (Susceptible KBG), and three woody species, bi

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31

Roden, John Warren III. "Determining the Physiological and Behavioral Methods of Salinity Tolerance in Corbicula fluminea." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/87.

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While a significant degree of salinity tolerance has been observed in the bivalve mollusk species Corbicula fluminea, the physiological and behavioral responses to changes in salinity by these organisms are not completely understood. It was hypothesized that Corbicula would initially avoid any salinity stress behaviorally through valve closure, but would eventually have to open to dispel anaerobic waste products and deal with the salinity. To explore this, Corbicula were collected and put through a series of experiments at salinity exposures of 0, 2.5, and 5.0ppt, with tissue water content and

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32

Hoang, Thi My Linh. "Engineering salinity tolerance in rice by exogenous expression of cell death regulators." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/72793/1/Thi%20My%20Linh_Hoang_Thesis.pdf.

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Rice, an important crop that feeds more than half of the world's population is very sensitive to salinity stress – a growing problem affecting crop production globally. This PhD study addressed this problem by manipulating the programmed cell death pathways in rice resulting in significant enhancement of salinity stress tolerance. The impact of this work is that farmers would be in a position to grow rice containing such a trait in environments where salinisation of the soil exists, thereby addressing food security needs.

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33

Kemal-Ur-Rahim, K. "The effects of salinity on photosynthesis and other physiological processes in spring wheat varieties." Thesis, Bangor University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380795.

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34

Diédhiou, Calliste Jérémie. "Mechanisms of salt tolerance sodium, chloride and potassium homeostasis in two rice lines with different tolerance to salinity stress /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=979864097.

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35

Denny, Geoffrey Carlile. "Evaluation of selected provenances of taxodium distichum for drought, alkalinity and salinity tolerance." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1327.

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36

Al-Alhagdow, Moftah Moh. "Interactions between sodium and potassium in micropropagated potato cultivars differing in salinity tolerance." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0002/MQ44113.pdf.

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37

Al-Hagdow, Moftah Moh. "Interactions between sodium and potassium in micropropagated potato cultivars differing in salinity tolerance." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20554.

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The response of in vitro-grown Solanum tuberosum L., cvs. Russet Burbank (RB) (salt-sensitive) and Sierra (S) (salt-tolerant) potatoes was investigated when [NaCl] was increased from 0 to 80 mM in the presence of 6, 20, and 30 mM [K] in a Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. The tested growth parameters, Mg and Ca content, and K+/Na + ratios in the laminae and the roots were negatively affected as [NaCl] increased. The salt stress was relatively severe on growth of RB plants whereas the salt-tolerant (S) variety was affected to a lesser extent. There were indications that Na in the plant may

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38

Ali, Ghulam Muhammad. "Genetics and physiological basis of salinity tolerance in pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L.)." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367186.

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39

Pace, Leonard. "Habitat Utilization and Salinity Tolerance of the Sandbar Shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, in Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617845.

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40

Jattan, Sarabjit Singh. "Studies on growth and salinity tolerance in Acacia nilotica Dalbergia sissoo and Prosopis juliflora." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315722.

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41

Collins, R. P. "The role of calcium and potassium in salinity tolerance in Brassica rapa L. cv. RCBr seed." Thesis, Coventry University, 2012. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/e0d653ff-7d6b-4827-9467-dc8bcb6ff621/1.

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The possibility of manipulating calcium (Ca2+) and potassium (K+) levels in seeds of Brassica rapa by altering parent plant nutrition and investigating the potential for increased salinity tolerance during germination, given that considerable amounts of literature imply that greater amounts of available exogenous Ca2+ and K+ can ameliorate the effects of salinity on both whole plant growth and germination, was evaluated. The investigation consisted of four growth trials. Two preliminary growth trials suggested that seed ion manipulation was possible without affecting the overall growth and vig

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42

Robinson, Michael Frederick. "Sodium-induced stomatal closure in the maritime halophyte Aster tripolium (L.)." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337555.

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43

Fraser, Duncan. "The potential of kikuyu grasses [Cenchrus clandestinus] for turf and pasture production under environmental stress." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/21968.

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Kikuyu [Cenchrus clandestinus (Hochst. ex Chiov) Morrone] is an important pasture and turf species in Australia. However, little is known of the extent of adaptation of this species to environmental stresses. Naturalized populations and commercially released genotypes were compared in managed greenhouse and field experiments to establish the breadth of responses to salinity and drought stress. The physiological responses of materials to both salinity and drought stresses were determined using the normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI). Macro and micronutrients were assessed on vegetativ

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44

Good, Victoria. "Investigating the Behavioral Response of Lampsilis ovata to Various Salinity Conditions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/523.

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The Pocket-book mussel, Lampsilis ovata, is a native freshwater bivalve species that is endemic to North America. The salinity tolerance of this species is of interest because anthropogenic salinization events and climate change factors threaten their natural freshwater habitats. Furthermore, the invasive freshwater bivalve species Corbicula fluminea has been shown to display significant salinity tolerance, which may lead to negative competitive interactions with native freshwater bivalve species if the salinization of freshwater habitats exceeds thresholds beyond which native species can effe

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45

Zhang, Yanling. "Development of in vitro bioassays for determination of salinity tolerance in potato (Solanum spp.)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0017/NQ44645.pdf.

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46

Zhang, Yanling 1955. "Development of in vitro bioassays for determination of salinity tolerance in potato (Solanum spp.)." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35659.

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Salinity problems seriously affect agricultural production by reducing crop yield and arable land. The evaluation of potato genotypes (Solanum spp.) for their salinity (NaCl) tolerance in conventional field trials is time consuming and labour intensive. The results are often confounded by many field and environmental variations. In vitro bioassays can overcome some of these difficulties by providing faster, more convenient and dependable methods for screening and selection of salt tolerant potato genotypes. The objective of this research was to develop in vitro bioassay methods for screening a

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47

Alhammadi, Mohamed Salman. "Salt Tolerance and Current Status of the Date Palms in the United Arab Emirates." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195448.

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This study aimed to address the current status of the United Arab Emirates date palms. The first chapter focused on the development of the date palm sector in the UAE. A huge increase in the date palm number was achieved in the past few decades. In the same time, there are critical issues facing this development, such as water demand, salinity, and Red Palm Weevil. The second chapter is a greenhouse experiment to test the growth of twelve date palm seeds at four NaCl levels, control, 3000, 6000, and 12000 ppm. Optimal growth found at control and 3000 ppm of NaCl. Relative growth rate (RGR), bi

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48

Jafari, Mostafa. "The potential for improvement of salinity and drought tolerance in some semi-arid forage grasses." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316911.

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49

Fitwi, Biniam Samuel. "Determination of salinity tolerance limits of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus, for use in tuna line fishery." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53355.

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Assignment (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Many species of tilapia such as Oreochromis mossambicus are euryhaline, able to adapt to different salinity waters. Their ability to withstand high salinity levels has given rise to the possibility of using tilapia as baitfish for tuna line fishery. The purpose of the study was to determine the survival rate of tilapia O. mossambicus during direct transfer from freshwater to the salinity levels of 0, 15, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, 30, 32.5, and 35 ppt. The data was analysed through means of univariate ANOVAand regression

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50

Mwando, Edward Kulecho. "The genetics of barley (Hordeum vulgare) salinity tolerance during germination and the instantaneous seedling endurance." Thesis, Mwando, Edward Kulecho (2021) The genetics of barley (Hordeum vulgare) salinity tolerance during germination and the instantaneous seedling endurance. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2021. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/60357/.

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Salinity limits crop production through osmotic and ionic stress in combination with oxidative strain and nutrient imbalance. Osmotic tolerance, ionic exclusion, and tissue tolerance are some of the adaptive mechanisms in plants when exposed to salinity stress. These physiological adaptive mechanisms are quantitative in nature and are manifested genetically by affecting ~ 8% of genes expression. Barley, the fourth most important cereal crop in the world, is relatively salinity tolerant. However, salinity causes a significant reduction in its growth and grain yield. Adaptation to salinity in ba

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