Academic literature on the topic 'Saltwick'

AbstractThe nature and origin of the clay mineralogy of the Jurassic strata of the British Isles are described and discussed within their lithological and biostratigraphical framework using published and unpublished sources as well as 1800 new clay mineral analyses. Regional clay mineral variation is described systematically for the following formations or groups:England and Wales(i)Hettangian-Toarcian strata (Lias Group): Redcar Mudstone Fm.; Staithes Sandstone Fm.; Cleveland Ironstone Fm.; Whitby Mudstone Fm.; Scunthorpe Mudstone Fm.; Blue Lias Fm.; Charmouth Mudstone Fm.; Marlstone Rock Fm.; Dyrham Fm.; Beacon Limestone Fm.; Bridport Sand Fm.(ii)Aalenian-Bajocian (Inferior Oolite Group): Dogger Fm.; Saltwick Fm.; Eller Beck Fm.; Cloughton Fm.; Scarborough Fm.; Scalby Fm. (in part); Northampton Sand Fm.; Grantham Fm.; Lincolnshire Limestone Fm.; Rutland Fm. (in part); Inferior Oolite of southern England.(iii)Bathonian (Great Oolite Group): Scalby Fm. (in part); Rutland Fm. (in part); Blisworth Limestone Fm.; Great Oolite Group of southern England; Forest Marble Fm.; Cornbrash Fm. (in part).(iv)Callovian-Oxfordian: Cornbrash Fm. (in part); Kellaways Fm.; Oxford Clay Fm.; Corallian Beds and West Walton Beds; Ampthill Clay Fm.(v)Kimmeridgian-Tithonian: Kimmeridge Clay Fm.; Portland Sandstone Fm.; Portland Limestone Fm.; Lulworth Fm.; Spilsby Sandstone Fm. (in part). Scotland(vi)Hettangian-Toarcian: Broadfoot Beds, Dunrobin Bay Fm. Aalenian-Portlandian: Great Estuarine Group (Dunkulm, Kilmaluag and Studiburgh Fm.s); Staffin Shale Fm.; Brora Coal Fm.; Brora Argillaceous Fm.; Balintore Fm.; Helmsdale Boulder Beds (Kimmeridge Clay Fm.).Dominating the Jurassic successions are the great marine mudstone formations — the Lias Group, Oxford Clay, Ampthill Clay and Kimmeridge Clay. These are typically characterized by a detrital clay mineral assemblage of mica, kaolin and poorly defined mixed-layer smectite-mica-vermiculite minerals with traces of chlorite. Detailed evidence suggests that this assemblage is derived ultimately from weathered Palaeozoic sediments and metasediments either directly or by being recycled from earlier Mesozoic sediments. A potassium-bearing clay is a persistent component and formed at approximately the same time as the deposition of the host sediment, either in coeval soils or during very early diagenesis.At three periods during the deposition of the Jurassic (Bajocian-Bathonian, Oxfordian and late Kimmeridgian-Tithonian), the detrital clay assemblage was completely or partially replaced by authigenic clay mineral assemblages rich in kaolin, berthierine, glauconite or smectite minerals. Associated with these changes are major changes in the lithofacies, with the incoming of non-marine and proximal marine strata. The authigenic clay assemblages rich in kaolin and berthierine are generally restricted to the non-marine and very proximal marine beds, those rich in glauconite or smectite are typical of the marine lithofacies. Clay mineral assemblages containing vermiculite and mixed-layer vermiculite-chlorite sometimes occur in the non-marine and proximal marine facies. The causes of these major changes in lithofacies and clay mineralogy are discussed, and present evidence favours an important volcanogenic influence and not climatic control. It is suggested that the Bajocian-Bathonian, Oxfordian and Late Kimmeridgian-Tithonian were periods of enhanced volcanic activity, with centres probably located in the North Sea and linked to regional tectonic changes which caused major modifications of the palaeogeography of the British Isles. The most important of these changes was the development of the central North Sea Rift Dome during the Bajocian and Bathonian. Volcanic ash was widespread in both the non-marine and marine environments and its argillization under different conditions provided the wide range of authigenic clay mineral assemblages.Metre-scale clay mineral cyclicity is widespread in most of the Jurassic mudstone formations that have been examined in sufficient detail. The cyclicity is defined by systematic variations in the mica/ collapsible minerals (mixed-layer smectite-mica-vermiculite) ratio. This variation is unrelated to changes in lithology and its possible origins are discussed in detail using data from the Kimmeridge Clay provided by Reading University's contribution to the Rapid Global Geological Events (RGGE) Project.

AimIn this research, we aimed to model limnological parameters in the Salina Unidos (Macau-Brazil) using GIS technology. We hypothesized that in solar saltworks, the geochemical characteristics of the brines (i.e. the strong solution of salts) vary considerably through the salt ponds circuit, in which drastic changes can damage the entire salt production.MethodsGeochemical parameters were monitored in seven sampling points distributed along the salt ponds circuit, during a complete cycle of salt production, i.e., from January to December 2007. The open source software Spring 5.1.6 was used to build, store, analyze and model the spatial distribution of the parameters.ResultsWe identified a spatial gradient of the salinity and temperature, with values increasing from evaporation ponds to concentration ponds, showing a relationship with the salt production. The parameters, depth, dissolved oxygen concentrations and total dissolved reactive phosphorus showed a decrease from the evaporation ponds towards the concentration ponds. Among the dissolved inorganic nitrogen forms analyzed (NH3-, NO2- and NO3-), nitrate was the predominant, namely in the concentration ponds, where it reached the highest concentrations. The concentration of chlorophyll awas higher in the initial and intermediate evaporation ponds, showing a distinct dynamics of in relation to other environmental variables.ConclusionsThe increased concentration of the analyzed limnological parameters, from the evaporation ponds towards the concentration ponds, evidenced a heterogeneous distribution varying significantly with season. The geochemical spatialization of brine, as illustrated by GIS approach, is very important for the conservation of these environments because this spatial heterogeneity can provide a high diversity of habitat types. This spatial analysis proved to be a practical tool for an adequate management of solar saltworks considering the environmental (ecosystem) and the socio-economic aspects.

"When the horse runs off" is a one-act chamber opera, which features an original libretto by playwright Sarah Saltwick, and is based on a Buddhist fable. The piece is scored for four singers and six instrumentalists. Similar to the manner in which the original fable is used as a point of departure, the opera incorporates folk music of Nepal and China into a larger, more varied palette of sounds. These are places from which this fable could have originated, so this is a natural way to create a world within the piece that feels organic.
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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
建築與室內設計系
105
There’s something "Landscape art" and "Time" in the natural environment for the implication of evolution; the spatial organization of landscape usually comes from people who give proposition and change for meeting the requirements of their lives and expectation. These series of process are anthropogenic, and they are in natural adjustment as well. In regard to correspond with different requirement of users, people and environment create compromise and invisible dynamic equilibrium by constant interaction; the environmental planners can analyze the shape of landscape and organization structure from place connotation of society, ecology, culture, beauty texture and practicality, etc. and apply the “Landscape texturing” theory of space, route, edge, focus and nodes to experience its type and evolution process for the way to find out place connotation of space development from deconstructionism. The initial discussion was East-Stone Salt Plant which was taken as their subject for its local place spirit, landscape of humanities, and brief story of Taiwan salt plant as the foundation of shape of landscape and texturing development and interpretation of times. The landscape and field should have their meaningfulness for the thoughts of deconstructionism design; the environment development probably come from a variety of natural and anthropogenic factors to have everything for “System performance” and “Openness”; not only they break original organization type, but also they find a thinking route during operation. With aspect to the landscape, each part of them does not have the end under deconstructionism theory, and there is only evolution of time and stage records. The text is cited from structuralism, as well as the design operation solution-we explore their commonality about the common ideology of theoretical development in the design of structuralism and landscape texturing for the process of applying East-Stone White-Water Lake Salt Plant by landscape type to construct a concept of consistent thoughts of deconstruction and landscape that is relative to the cultural landscape modeling and also afford a design narrative of field conversion for it, once a former salt manufacturing plant in the local environment.