Academic literature on the topic 'Salud y raza'
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Journal articles on the topic "Salud y raza"
Olaza López, Mónica Elizabeth, and Viviana Lorena CABRERA SANGUINETTI. "LEGISLACIÓN EN SALUD MENTAL Y ETNIA-RAZA." Revista ORG & DEMO 19, no. 2 (December 17, 2018): 85–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/1519-0110.2018.v19n2.07.p85.
Full textGomes, Romeu, Marcia Thereza Couto, and Benno De Keijzer. "Hombres, género y salud." Salud Colectiva 16 (April 24, 2020): e2788. http://dx.doi.org/10.18294/sc.2020.2788.
Full textWaters, William F., Wilma B. Freire, and Julio Ortega. "Desigualdades sociales y en salud en adultos mayores ecuatorianos." Mundos Plurales - Revista Latinoamericana de Políticas y Acción Pública 6, no. 2 (September 16, 2020): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17141/mundosplurales.2.2019.4479.
Full textBleda, José Mª. "Determinantes sociales de la salud y de la enfermedad." Barataria. Revista Castellano-Manchega de Ciencias Sociales, no. 7 (May 1, 2006): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20932/barataria.v0i7.241.
Full textEvedove, André Ulian Dall, and Mathias Roberto Loch. "Comportamientos de riesgo para la salud en hombres mayores brasileños viudos." Salud Colectiva 16 (March 11, 2020): e2255. http://dx.doi.org/10.18294/sc.2020.2255.
Full textBiondini, Valentina. "Entre barreras y estrategias: Experiencias de acceso a servicios de salud pública de mujeres migrantes peruanas." Pacha. Revista de Estudios Contemporáneos del Sur Global 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.46652/pacha.v1i1.4.
Full textDuffine Gilman, Abigail, and Stella Lucia Volpe. "ESTADO GENERAL DE LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA EN LA PREVENCIÓN DE LA OBESIDAD INFANTIL." Pensar en Movimiento: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud 16, no. 2 (November 26, 2018): e35215. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/pensarmov.v16i2.35215.
Full textHerrera Hernández, María Guadalupe, Jorge Alberto Acosta Gallegos, Rafael A. Salinas Pérez, Ana María Bernardo Casas, and Salvador Horacio Guzmán Maldonado. "Componentes relacionados con la salud en semillas de frijol de plantas crecidas bajo riego y estrés hídrico terminal." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 5, no. 1 (March 22, 2018): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v5i1.1012.
Full textCouto, Marcia Thereza, Elda De Oliveira, Marco Antônio Alves Separavich, and Olinda Do Carmo Luiz. "La perspectiva feminista de la interseccionalidad en el campo de la salud pública: revisión narrativa de las producciones teórico-metodológicas." Salud Colectiva 15 (March 9, 2019): e1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.18294/sc.2019.1994.
Full textUrrea-Giraldo, Fernando, Mary Lily Congolino, Hernán Darío Herrera, José Ignacio Reyes, and Waldor Federico Botero. "Comportamientos sexuales e incidencia de los programas de salud sexual y reproductiva en estudiantes de secundaria de sectores populares y de la universidad pública en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 22, no. 1 (January 2006): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2006000100023.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Salud y raza"
Almela, Veracruz Laura. "Aportaciones a la crioconservación de gametos masculinos en la raza bovina murciano levantina : recongelación de espermatozoides." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284850.
Full textThe Murciano Levantina (ML) bovine breed used to be employed for farming purposes because of their work aptitude. Nowadays, it is an endangered breed because it is no longer used for the mentioned purposes due to the arrival of technology and farming equipment. In addition, there are few ML bovine breeders and this is not their main occupation. This breed is mainly used during popular celebrations and festivals for transport. The Germplasm Bank breed has been carried out since 2000 and currently, there are 7280 seminal doses of 13 ML bulls with high consanguinity among them. With these doses it is possible to carry out both in vivo conservation, cession to the breeders and new breeding males; and ex situ in vitro conservation for the future reconstruction of the race -if necessary. Although the number of seminal doses may seem enough for the recovery of the breed in the future, the number of bulls is not sufficient, because the in vitro cryopreservation of spermatozoa belonging to, at least, 25 bulls is necessary. The storage of seminal doses implies more maintenance costs because of the continued increase in prices; currently there are some methods to reduce the male gametes necessities; the sexing sperm could reduce in the middle these expenses, although, afterwards could be necessary the gametes refreezing. The objectives of the present work are to obtain effectiveness and efficiency in refrozen semen, diminishing the number of frozen seminal doses stored at the Germplasm Bank, which would receive a treatment similar to that required by sexing technologies; being a derivative objective to study the usage of conventional technologies of refrozen semen, connecting the refrozen seminal quality parameters with the best fertility parameters in frozen semen. Another goal is the development of a refreezing technique that allows the storage of seminal doses more efficiently. In this work we have used the processed data of seminal doses belonging to 12 bulls of that breed and the frozen spermatozoa of 6 of those bulls. The methods to study the ejaculates and seminal doses are the conventional ones employed in bovine species. The freezing and refreezing techniques used are the same than those used for the Germplasm Bank. In the experiences with the application of cold, the thawed semen was refrozen after undergoing a certain treatment (CT), or it was refrozen without any treatment (ST). In order to know the value of the studied parameters the following methods have been used: the optical and fluorescent microscopy techniques, resistance in thermostatic water bath study, eosine-nigrosine, PI, lectins (PNA) and toluidine blue stainings and artificial insemination using refrozen semen in 7 Frisone breed heifers. In the ML livestock there is variability in the seminal quality average values among the studs, although this is not due to the bulls’ age. Additionally, there are not important differences regarding the average values between the first and the second ejaculation in each bull. Statistical results permit to know the damage in spermatozoa during recryopreservation, and it was observed that the seminal quality is higher in frozen semen than in refrozen semen, with a high variability among bulls. Among the bulls, one of them presented the best results in each parameter studied after cryopreservation and recryopreservation, although there were no differences among the bulls regarding some parameters. The most frequent sperm abnormalities were the “tails in whip”, but they were slightly lower in CT refrozen semen. The artificial insemination of 7 Frisone heifers showed a percentage of fertility with ST refrozen semen of 57’1%. These results conclude that the re-frozen semen can be used as a predictive technique of fertility, and thus, it can be used for the in vitro conservation of the studied bovine breed.
Ángel, Miñarro Miguel Ángel. "Mejora de la eficiencia de la transferencia no quirúrgica de embriones frescos de raza pura duroc= Improving the efficiency of non-surgical deep uterine transfer with fresh embryos of purebred duroc sows." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284449.
Full textLa transferencia de embriones debería jugar un crítico papel en los sistemas actuales de producción porcina ya que posibilita el movimiento nacional e internacional de material genético. El objetivo principal de esta tesis fue desarrollar un procedimiento práctico y efectivo de transferencia intrauterina profunda de embriones frescos. En el primer trabajo estudiamos el efecto de dos dosis de eCG para inducir una respuesta superovulatoria en donantes y el rendimiento reproductivo de las receptoras después de la transferencia intrauterina profunda de embriones. En el segundo estudiamos el efecto de la sincronía del ciclo estral en el rendimiento reproductivo de las receptoras. Las transferencias se realizaron en receptoras que salieron en celo 24 h antes o 0 h, 24 h o 48 h después de las donantes. Finalmente, en el tercer estudio se evaluó la transferencia intrauterina profunda no quirúrgica con mórulas producidas in vivo y cultivadas durante 24 h en un medio líquido. En el experimento 1, se estudiaron dos temperaturas y dos medios. En el experimento 2, las mórulas obtenidas se cultivaron en el medio definido a 37 ºC y los blastocistos resultantes de ese se transfirieron a las receptoras. Los resultados de demuestran que el número de donantes para transferir 30 embriones por receptora por vía no quirúrgica se puede reducir mediante los tratamientos de superovulación. Concretamente, una dosis de 1000 UI de eCG es suficiente para obtener unos resultados reproductivos satisfactorios en las receptoras. Los embriones porcinos toleran mejor un ambiente uterino más temprano del que les corresponde cuando son transferidos por vía no quirúrgica en la profundidad de un cuerno uterino. El medio TL-PVA es un medio químicamente definido capaz de mantener una elevada viabilidad in vitro de mórulas porcinas cultivadas a 37 ºC durante 24 h. El rendimiento reproductivo de las receptoras tras la transferencia no quirúrgica en la profundidad de un cuerno uterino reportados en estos estudios representa un avance muy importante para la difusión y comercialización de esta tecnología por la industria porcina. Palabras clave: transferencia de embriones, no-quirúrgica
The use of porcine embryo transfer should play a critical role in pig production because it allows the movement of genetic resources. The main objective of this thesis was to develop an efficient and practical procedure for nonsurgical deep-uterine embryo transfer with fresh embryos. In the first study we evaluated the effect of two doses of eCG to induce superovulation in donor sows and evaluate the reproductive performance of recipients after nonsurgical deep-uterine embryo transfer. In the second study we studied the effect of recipient-donor estrous cycle synchrony on the reproductive performance of recipients. The transfers were conducted in recipients sows that started estrus 24 h before or 0 h, 24 h or 48 h after the donors. Finally, in the third experimental study we evaluated the potential application of non-surgical deep uterine transfers with in vivo-derived morulae cultured for 24 h. In Experiment 1, two temperatures and two media were assessed. In Experiment 2, morulae were cultured in the defined medium at 37 ºC for 24 h, and the resulting blastocysts were transferred to the recipients. The results achieved in these three studies demonstrate that the number of donors needed to nonsurgically transfer 30 embryos per recipient can be decreased and that a dosage of 1000 IU eCG is enough to obtain a satisfactory reproductive performance of the recipients. Porcine embryos tolerate better a less advanced uterine environment if they are nonsurgically transferred deep into a uterine horn. The TL-PVA medium provided a chemically defined medium capable of maintaining a high in vitro viability of porcine morula cultured at 37ºC for 24 h. The excellent reproductive performance of the recipients following NsDU–ETs reported in these three studies represents an important advance for the widespread commercial use of ET by the pig industry.
Ceccon, Roger Flores. "Vidas nuas : mulheres com HIV/AIDS em situação de violências de gênero." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/157190.
Full textThe HIV/SIDA epidemic and gender violence in women are highly prevalent, resulting in serious public health problems. The general objective of this study was to know the life trajectories of women with HIV/SIDA in situations of gender violence. The specific objectives were: to analyze vulnerabilities arising from inequalities in gender, race and social class in the lives of women with HIV/SIDA; to identify the iniquities present in the lives of these women and to characterize the lives of women with HIV/SIDA in situations of gender violence from the concepts of social fascism, biopolitics and naked lives. It is a qualitative study that used narratives of 61 women with HIV/SIDA in a situation of violence registered in the STD/HIV/SIDA Specialized Service in a municipality in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, which presents the 5th highest prevalence of the disease among The Brazilian cities. For the discussion and understanding of the data, the narrative analysis was used, considering the female experiences of living with HIV/SIDA and suffering gender violence. Most of the women were young, single, with little schooling, poor and poorly placed in the labor market. Most of them acquired the disease of the partner, were black, with sexual onset before the age of 15 years, did not use condoms and reported on average nine years living with HIV/SIDA. In their trajectories, they suffered different forms of oppression/exploitation in private life and at work, in contexts of inequalities that made them vulnerable before and after becoming ill. Poor, black and HIV/SIDA women have reported prejudice, discrimination and inequities as the effects of patriarchal racist capitalism. Black women have narrated prejudices and rejection as a result of their skin color and because they carry a stigmatized disease in society. The poor needed to occupy precarious and informal jobs, and many prostituted themselves to survive. All have suffered discrimination, exacerbated by the fact that they carry HIV/SIDA, indicating that socioeconomic contexts of poverty and racism increase vulnerability to HIV/SIDA and make life worse for those who acquire the disease. Gender hierarchies have caused difficulties related to sexuality and conjugality, lack of autonomy to negotiate sexual rights in marital and client relations, keeping secrets about HIV/SIDA to avoid blame and the rejection of family, friends and community. Biopolitics and social fascism are forms of government capable of determining the boundary between the protected life and the life exposed to the death of those considered superfluous, disposable and therefore killable. Biopolitics, in relation to women with HIV/SIDA, only worries about not letting them die and can be considered as "naked lives", marked by the pauperization, feminization and racialization of the epidemic, and the overlapping of social vulnerabilities indicates that One can isolate the determinants or treat the disease only in its biological aspects. This study revealed the conditions of suffering, violence and discrimination in which women living with HIV/SIDA live in a municipality in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, considering them to be precarious, disposable lives, naked lives. It is the responsibility of the State to produce public policies on HIV/SIDA and violence, which consider determinants of gender, race and social class, and provide comprehensive, equitable and resolute care to women with HIV/AIDS.
La epidemia del VIH/SIDA y la violencia basada en el género en la mujeres tienen una alta prevalencia, el establecimiento de graves problemas de salud pública. El objetivo de este estudio fue saber las trayectorias de vida de las mujeres con VIH/SIDA en situación de violencia de género. Los objetivos específicos fueron analizar las vulnerabilidades derivadas de la desigualdad de género, la raza y la clase social en la vida de las mujeres con VIH/SIDA; reconocimiento de las desigualdades presentes en la vida de estas mujeres y caracterizar como son la vida de las mujeres con VIH/SIDA en situación de violencia de género desde los conceptos de fascismo social, biopolítica y vidas desnudas. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo utilizando narrativas de 61 mujeres con VIH/SIDA en situaciones de violencia registrada en el Servicio de Atención Especializada de ETS/VIH/SIDA en una ciudad del interior de Rio Grande do Sul, que tiene la quinta más alta prevalencia de la enfermedad entre ciudades brasileñas. Para la discusión y comprensión de los datos se utilizó el análisis narrativo, teniendo en cuenta las experiencias de las mujeres de vivir con el VIH/SIDA y sufren violencia de género. La mayoría de las mujeres eran jóvenes, solteras, con poca educación, pobres y mal insertado en el mercado laboral. Gran parte adquirida del compañero la enfermedad, eran negro, con el inicio de la actividad sexual antes de los 15 años, no hizo uso de condones y reportaron un promedio de nueve años que viven con el VIH/SIDA. En sus caminos, que han sufrido diferentes formas de opresión/explotación en la vida privada como en el trabajo, en contextos de desigualdad que vulnerabilizaram antes y después de enfermarse Las mujeres pobres, negros y con el VIH/SIDA mencionan los prejuicios, la discriminación y las desigualdades como los efectos del capitalismo patriarcal y racista. Las mujeres negras narró los prejuicios y el rechazo debido al color de la piel y debido a que están llevando a una enfermedad estigmatizada en la sociedad. Las pobres tenían para ocupar puestos de trabajo precarios e informales, y muchas prostituirse para sobrevivir. Toda discriminación que sufren, agudizado por el hecho de que viven con el VIH/SIDA, lo que indica que los contextos socio-económicos de la pobreza y el racismo aumento de la vulnerabilidad al VIH/SIDA y empeoran la vida de contraer la enfermedad. Las jerarquías de género causaron dificultades relacionadas con la sexualidad y la conyugalidad, la falta de autonomía para negociar los derechos sexuales en las relaciones maritales y clientes, mantener el secreto sobre el VIH/SIDA para evitar la culpa y el rechazo de familiares, amigos y la comunidad. La biopolítica y el fascismo social son formas de gobierno capaces de determinar el límite entre la vida protegida y la vida en peligro de muerte los que se consideran superfluos, desechable y, por tanto, killable. La biopolítica, para las mujeres con VIH/SIDA, se ocupa solamente de no dejar que muera, se puede considerar que son "vida desnuda", marcada por la pobreza, la feminización y la racialización de la epidemia y la superposición de vulnerabilidad social indica que hay se puede aislar los determinantes o tratar la enfermedad sólo en sus aspectos biológicos. Este estudio reveló condiciones del sufrimiento, la violencia y la discriminación en las mujeres que viven con el VIH/SIDA en una ciudad del interior de Rio Grande do Sul, teniendo en cuenta las vidas precárias, desechables, vidas desnudas. Es la responsabilidad del Estado producir políticas públicas para el VIH/SIDA y la violencia, para considerar l
Esquivelzeta, Rabell Cecilia. "Caracterización morfológica, de la canal y de la carne, e inferencia de maternidades en ovinos de raza ripollesa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/121599.
Full textTo be able to implement genetic selection programs in meat-producing sheep breeds, is essential define and evaluate biological traits with economic importance in the production. The Ripollesa sheep breed is an important Spanish local breed mainly located in the Mediterranean mountains and cultivated plains of Catalonia, exploited under semi-extensive production systems and currently intended for meat production. The morphologic characterization of the Ripollesa breed was carried out from the study of 8 flocks representative of different subpopulations. They were differentiated four subpopulations with relevant implications to be taken into account for the breed conservation program. The observed differences could be attributable to geographic location, selective history, flock management, and genetics. The estimated zootechnical indexes classified the Ripollesa sheep breed as a medium-sized and long-shaped body frame, with a marked orientation to meat production and with signs of adaptation to the environment. In sheep flocks, lamb’s parents can be misidentified or confounded due to the plausibility of two or more potential sires or dams. This phenomenon leads to a moderate-to-low percentage of lambs with missing pedigrees, with the subsequent loss of information for the corresponding animal breeding programs and selection schemes. To ascertain the dam of abandoned lambs we adapted a Bayesian model by integrating both genetic and environmental sources of information from phenotypic data and modeling the uncertain dam as an additional unknown parameter. The model performance was evaluated by using simulation data and by assuming seven different scenarios where one to four abandoned lambs had to be assigned to two candidate ewes. The overall average probability of assignment to the right dam was 0.59. Any inference on uncertain dams would reduce further economic costs by allowing to focus genotyping efforts on those lambs with higher probabilities to be offspring from elite ewes. Concern about meat composition and its relationship with human health has increased during the last few decades has been a key point for the actual sheep farming industry. Real-time ultrasound techniques are of great utility to predict carcass characteristics in the live animal in a non-invasive way. With the aim to assess the accuracy of the ultrasound measurements for predicting carcass traits, ultrasound images were taken in ‘pascual’-type lambs, transversal and longitudinal to the vertebral column, and at thoracic and lumbar locations. transversal ultrasound measurements at both thoracic and lumbar levels could be a useful tool for predicting carcass traits in light lambs, contributing with relevant information for light lamb producers worldwide, with a special emphasis in the Mediterranean basin where this kind of production system accounts for an outstanding percentage of the sheep industry. Lamb meat is an important source of different fatty acids with numerous health benefits for the consumer. With the aim of characterize carcass and meat traits in Lacaune, Ripollesa and Lacaune×Ripollesa ‘pascual’-type lambs ultrasound and direct measurements on carcasses were used and laboratory analyses on meat samples. They were not found significant differences between breeds for ultrasound and carcass measures. Carcass yield was better for Lacaune followed by Ripollesa. The meat fatty acid (FA) mostly represented in muscular tissue under examination were: oleic, palmitic and stearic. Differences between breeds for saturated (SFA), monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) proportions were found. Differences for nutritional ratios were only found for PUFA/SFA ratio. All of this information becomes essential for light lamb producers, a livestock product that has high market demand in the Mediterranean basin.
Guerrero, Gironés Julia. "Efecto de la melatonina y de HA/β-TCP/C sobre la pulpa dental de molares de rata." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284960.
Full textMelatonin plays an essential role in the regulation of bone growth. The actions that melatonin exert on odontoblasts may be similar to action on osteoblasts. Hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) are bioceramics used as bone substitutes, which together with collagen (C) as support, have satisfactory osteoconductive qualities. The aim of this research was to evaluate pulp response to melatonin and to mixture HA/β-TCP/C used for direct pulp capping and to evaluate the antioxidant effect of melatonin administered orally and its influence on dental pulp. METHODS Direct pulp capping was performed on the upper molars of 28 Sprague-Dawley rats. The study groups were: MTA 30 days; Melatonin 30 days; MTA + Melatonin taken orally 30 days; Melatonin + Melatonin taken orally 30 days; MTA 60 days; Melatonin 60 days;.HA/β-TCP/C 30 days. In the groups MTA + Melatonin taken orally 30 days and Melatonin + Melatonin taken orally 30 days, the animals drank water dosed with melatonin ad libitum (10 mg/100 ml). After 30 or 60 days depend of the group, the animals were sacrificed and 5 ml of blood, the kidneys and liver were extracted in order to evaluate oxidative stress by means of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances testing (TBARS), and fragments of the maxilla containing the study molars were prepared for histological evaluation. The degree of pulp inflammation, the degree of pulp necrosis, the presence of reparative dentin and dentin bridging the pulp chamber, the presence and regularity of the odontoblastic layer and the presence of pulp fibrosis were evaluated from these samples. RESULTS No significant differences were found between the study groups for the histological variables degree of pulp inflammation (p=0,024), degree of pulp necrosis (p=0,61) and presence of pulp fibrosis (p=0,194). There were significant differences for the histological variable presence of reparative dentin and dentin bridging the pulp chamber (p=0,002); group MTA 30 days was associated to presence and group HA/β-TCP/C 30 days was associated to ausence of reparative dentin and dentin bridging. There were significant differences for the variable presence and regularity of the odontoblastic layer between groups (p=0,002); group MTA 30 days was associated to regular odontoblastic layer; group MTA+Melatonin taken orally 30 days was significantly associated to odontoblastic layer regular or irregular; groups Melatonin 60 days and HA/β-TCP/C 30 days were associated to ausence of regular odontoblastic layer. In oxidative stress analysis no significant differences were found between the study groups: blood (p=0.799), kidney (P=0.130) and liver (p=0.724). CONCLUSION The effect of melatonin and HA/β-TCP/C on pulp is similar to that of MTA to the degree of pulp inflammation, the degree of pulp necrosis and the present of pulp fibrosis. Oral administration of melatonin did not modify the local effects of MTA or of melatonin on dental pulp or reduce basal level oxidative stress.
Parés, i. Casanova Pere Miquel. "Caracterització estructural i racial de la raça ovina aranesa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5709.
Full textThis thesis gives the results of the research done with the farmers of sheep farms in the Vall d'Aran. It indicates the morphological characteristics of the Araneses breed through the study of 31 measurements and 17 indexes of ethnological and functional value, the most important qualitative variables in ethnology as well as a study of the wool. 54 breeding flocks have been investigated, 197 adult animals have been measured biometrically and a sample study of the wool of 53 animals has been carried out. The ovine census in 2003 was of 2,569 ewes and 92 rams, of which 1,489 ewes and 61 rams were considered to be of pure Aranese breed. These figures put the Araneses breed in category 4, a status indicating danger of extinction according to the criteria of the EAAP (European Association for Animal Production). The flocks are of very different sizes. They are reared on extensive natural pastures, taking advantage of high and medium alps in summer. The Aranese is not a breed marked out for meat production. The lambs reach optimum weight around Easter after rearing by suckling. The way of rearing varies greatly from farm to farm. Slightly less than half the farms synchronize the coming on heat of the ewes by separating them from the rams. In theses farms lambing period goes from March to May and from August to January, peaking in October and November. About three quarters of the breeders periodically practise some form of deparasitation. The electricity supply is irregular on the farms but water resources are always readily avalaible. The main activity of the farmers is not sheep farming. The average age of the farmers is 50.2 yr. In morphological terms the Aranese breed exhibits a very pronounced morphological variability between the sexes and no biometrically different subpopulations can be detected at least among in the studied areas. The breed is subhypermetrical and longilineal. Their heads can be defined as subconvex, mesaticephalic, brachicranial and mesoprosopeial, with horns in an open spiral and with a polychrome coat. The white, the black, the "beret" and the "capiroia" are the most common. The wool is made up of closed square tufs wich a clear predominance of short-fine fibres of medium diametre, which are classified as of the commercial type V (XI if it is the black phenotype) according to the Spanish classification. In this Thesis, starting from the morphological characteristics and from the wool, there is a comparative study of the pyrenean sheep breeds. The Aranese breed belongs to the "entrefí occità pirinenc". Finally, as regards the study of theier genes the degreee of substructuration in the differents alps is very limited and of little significance. Using microsatellite markers, the Aranese breed shows high genetic variability and little genetic differentiation in geographically neighbouring breeds such as the Tarasconese and the Xisqueta. The Aranese and the Tarasconese appear in similar groupings both genetically and morphologically.
Aguesta tèsi mòstre, en prumèr lòc, es resultats dera enquèsta hèta as titulars d'espleites araneses d'ovins, atau com era caracterizacion morfologica dera raça Aranesa miejançant er estudi de 31 mesures morfologiques quantitatives, 17 indèxs d'interès etnologic e foncionau, e es variables qualitatives mès importantes en etnologia, atau coma un estudi dera lan. En totau s'an enquestat 54 ramaderies, mesurat 197 animaus adults entara biometria e mostrejat 53 animaus entar estudi dera lan. Eth cens ovin aranés er an 2003 ei de 2.569 oelhes e 92 mardans, estimant-se en ues 1.489 oelhes e uns 61 mardans es ovins purs aranesi. Aguestes chifres hèn a entrar ara Aranesa laguens dera categoria 4, estatus de perilh d'escandiment, cossent damb es critèris der EAAP (European Association for Animal Production). Es ramats son de dimensions enormament variables e s'espleiten en sistèma extensiu en peisheus naturaus, damb aprofitament estivau en peisheus de mieja o nauta o montanha. Er Aranés ei un tipe d'ovin d'aptitud càrnia pòc mercada, produsint anhèths de tipe pasqual pesat, criats "a braguèr". Eth maneg productiu ei fòrça desparièr entre espleites. Pòc mens dera mitat des espleites sincronizen es zèls miejançant era separacion des mascles; en aguestes espleites, era paridora se concentre sustot es mesi de març a mai, e d'agost a gèr, damb uns maxims en octobre e noveme. Ues tres quataus parts des ramadèrs practiquen bèra sòrta de desparasitacion periodica. Era disposicion d'electricitat ei irregulara entre es espleites, mès ei eth recors aigua eth de mès valor enes espleites. Es espleites son de tipe individuau, ben pògues a títol principau, e era mejana d'edat des ramadèrs ei de 50,2 ans. Morfologicament, era raça ovina Aranesa presente un dimorfisme sexuau fòrça marcat; se da pòga variabilitat morfologica intrasèxe e non se detècten sospoblacions biometricament diferenciables, aumens entre terçons. Ei ua raça subipermetrica e longilinha; en relacion ath cap, podem definir as animaus coma subconvèxi, mesaticèfals, braquicraniòts e mesoprosòpis, de còrna en espirau dubèrta, e de capa policròma, en tot èster era mès abituau era blanca e era nera, era beret e era capiroia. Era lan ei formada per mèches quarrades tancades damb un clar predomini des fibres cuertes-fines, de diamètre mejan, e que se classificarie coma tipe comerciau V, "entrefin corrent" (XI se se tracte deth fenotip nere) dera classificacion espanhòla. En aguesta tèsi, a compdar des caractèrs morfologics e dera lan, se hè un estudi comparatiu entre races ovines pirenenques, en tot èster era Aranesa en que nomentam "entrefin occitan pirenenc". Fin finau, per çò que hè ar estudi genetic, subergés qu'eth grad de sosestructuracion entre es diferenti peisheus estivaus ei plan redusit e generaument pòc significatiu. A nivèu de marcadors microsatellit, era raça ovina Aranesa mòstre ua elevada variabilitat genetica e ua diferenciacion genetica pòc prononciada damb races geograficament vesies, com era Tarasconesa e era Xisqueta. Es races Aranesa e Tarasconesa corresponen a agropacions pòc diferenciades entre eres, autant en plan genetic com morfologic.
Pérez, Oguez Luis. "Alimentación y manejo de ovejas lecheras: efectos del nivel y calidad del concentrado durante la lactación y comparación de la eficacia productiva de ovejas de raza manchega y lacaune." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5695.
Full textPeris, i. Miras Silvia. "Características de la curva de lactación y aptitud al ordeño mecánico de cabras de raza murciano-granadina." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5694.
Full textTabarez, Rojas Abigail. "Optimización del protocolo de crioconservación de semen caprino de la raza autóctona en peligro de extinción Blanca de Rasquera." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285040.
Full textThe main objective of present doctoral thesis was to optimize the semen cryopreservation of goat from Blanca de Rasquera breed. For this, four studies were designed. In the first study we assessed the replacement of fresh egg yolk by powdered egg yolk (PEY), to reduce the risk of microbiological contamination of extender, and the effect of the clarified fresh egg yolk obtained by centrifugation. Simultaneously, we also assessed the effect of the presence of seminal plasma on sperm freezability from males of one and two years old. In the second study, the aim was to substitute the penetrating cryoprotectants (glycerol vs trehalosa) and non-penetrating (PEY vs soybean lecithin (SL)), and the inclusion of the antioxidant BHT and Test zwitterionic-buffer, instead of Tris, in the extenders. The aims of third study were to determine whether SL-based media is a viable alternative in the preservation of goat sperm in the presence of seminal plasma and to determine the optimal concentration of the antioxidant BHT in PEY or SL-based media. Finally, the fourth study was conducted to assess sperm quality throughout the year, the addition of antioxidants (BHT or melatonin) in the extenders, and the application of melatonin implants in males in spring. In addition, we assessed the effect of donor age and the individual in the freezability of goat sperm. After a complex analysis of sperm quality during preservation, we can conclude that the PEY can be used in place of fresh egg yolk in the extenders for cryopreservation goat semen, since, regardless of donor age, there was not superiority in any of the egg yolk types, remaining the need to remove seminal plasma when the medium containing 15% egg yolk. The use of clarified egg yolk did not confer any benefit to the fresh egg yolk, complicated the process of drawing up preservation media. Regarding the use of SL as a cryoprotectant, this could be a viable alternative to incorporate in preservation at 5°C media, without the need to remove seminal plasma. However, after cryopreservation of washed and unwashed sperm, in LS-based media, sperm viability was low and the population of sperm with intact plasma and acrosomal membranes, but without mitochondrial function was high compared with sperm preserved PEY. Related to the replacement of penetrating cryoprotectant and the buffer, Tris-buffer system and glycerol were still the best alternative in preserving goat sperm. The inclusion of BHT as an antioxidant in extenders showed hardly any effect, nor when using different concentrations of BHT (0.6, 2.0 and 5.0 mM) after preservation, in PEY or SL-based media, although in the latter, again were observed a significant increase of spermatozoa with intact plasma and acrosomal membranes, but without mitochondrial function. Finally, after compiling the results throughout two years of experimental period, we observed that the viability and resistance to hypoosmotic shock of fresh spermatozoa was higher at 18 and 30 months old males during positive photoperiod (late spring) compared to the 14 and 25 months old males during negative photoperiod (late autumn). The use of melatonin implants in spring negatively affected the viability and hypoosmotic shock resistance of fresh and cooled semen, and the total motility in cooled semen. Finally, individual effect exists on buck sperm cryopreservation, identifying 3 types of males: good, average and bad freezers.
Camins, Espuny Antoni. "Caracterización del receptor benzodiacepínico periférico en tejidos de rata y humanos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1657.
Full textLas benzodiacepinas son unos fármacos ampliamente usados en nuestros días para el tratamiento clínico de síntomas relacionados con la ansiedad, pero estos fármacos producen por otro lados efectos miorrelajantes, anticonvulsivantes e hipnóticos. Las benzodiacepinas median estos efectos a través del receptor benzodiacepínico central el cual está unido a receptor del GABA y del ionóforo del cloro.
Aunque estos efectos farmacológicos están mediados a través del receptor benzodiacepínico central (Costa y col, 1979), existe otra clase de lugares de unión a las benzodiacepinas cuyo mecanismo de acción es menos claro. Estos lugares de unión se encuentran localizados tanto a nivel de tejidos periféricos (Baestrup and Squires, 1977) y en el cerebro, concretamente a nivel de la glia (Awad and Gavish, 1987, 1989). A este lugar de unión se le denomina receptor benzodiacepínico periférico, existiendo ligandos específicos para este lugar como son el Ro 5-4864 (que presenta una estructura de tipo benzodiacepínica y se diferencia del diazepam, que presenta una elevada afinidad por el receptor benzodiacepínico central, por la presencia de un cloro en posición 4') y el PK 11195 que presenta una estructura de isoquinoleínico.
Los objetivos del presente trabajo han consistido en llevar a cabo un estudio a nivel molecular para la caracterización del receptor benzodiacepínico periférico en tracto genital de rata. Asimismo, se ha realizado un estudio para demostrar una posible interacción entre este receptor con el receptor de la testosterona y con el receptor mitocondrial de las dihidropiridinas de alta capacidad y baja afinidad. También hemos considerado de interés ver el papel que puede desempeñar el ligano endógeno propuesto para este receptor, la protoporfirina IX.
Se planteó la necesidad de realizar estudios con tejido humano y más concretamente en próstata humana, debido al posible interés de este receptor como marcador de neoplasias.
En el presente trabajo se ha realizado un estudio para demostrar la existencia de un transporte de la adenosina a nivel mitocondrial y el papel que desempeñan las benzodiacepinas a nivel periférico inhibiendo dicho transporte.
2) METODOLOGÍA
Los tejidos de roedores se han obtenido a partir de ratas Sprage-Dawley macho adultas de 250-275 gramos ce peso (C.E.R.J., Le Genest, Francia). Los animales fueron estabulados en condiciones estándar de temperatura y mantenidos en un ciclo de oscuridad de 12 horas. Los animales se sacrificaron y los tejidos se homogeneizaron con un Polytron. El extracto crudo mitocondrial se obtuvo por doble centrifugación a 3000 rpm durante 10 min a 4ºC. El sobrenadante obtenido en este proceso se centrifugó a 8000 rpm durante 10 min. Para cuantificar el contenido proteico del "pellet" obtenido se utilizó el método de Bradford, que se fundamenta en la utilización de un colorante Coomasie Brillant Blue G-250 que se une a la proteína al cabo de 2 min., formándose un complejo que se lee al espectrofotómetro a 595 nm.
Los estudios de Binding se realizaron usando [(3)H]-Ro 5-4864 y [(3)H]-PK 11195. El volumen del ensayo fue de 0.250 ml incluyendo 0.125 de la preparación mitocondrial. Las muestras fueron incubadas entre 0-4ºC durante 60 min. La incubación se terminó por filtración con ayuda del vacío a través de filtros Whatman GF/B que habían sido tratados previamente con polietilenenimna. Los filtros se colocaron son viales de centelleo y se añadió "cockteil" de centelleo, determinándose la radioactividad retenida en los filtros al cabo de 24 horas.
Para les estudios de transporte [(3)H] adenosina se utilizó testículo de rata realizándose los estudios a los 5 min.
3) RESULTADOS
Los estudios realizados en tejido de trata muestran la existencia de un lugar de unión de elevada afinidad tanto para el Ro 5-4864 en vesícula seminal, próstata y conducto deferente como para el PK 11195 en próstata de rata. En tejido de próstata humana se observa una disminución muy patente en la afinidad del Ro 5-4864 mientras que el PK 11195 continua teniendo en humanos una afinidiad dentro de un orden nanomolar. Los estudios cinéticos vienen a confirmar la elevada afinidad del PK 11195. Estos resultados confirman que en la especie humana el receptor benzodiacepínico periférico se aleja de una estructura relacionada con la molécula benzodiacepínica para reconocer de manera selectiva una estructura de tipo isoquinoleínico.
Se ha realizado un estudio comparativo entre tejido prostático de rata y humano y dentro del tejido humano se han comparado muestras control con muestras de adenoma de próstata. Se ha comprobado una mayor población de receptores benzodiacepínicos periféricos en tejido humano respecto a roedores y no se encuentran diferencias significativas entre tejido de adenoma de próstata y control, con lo cual el papel del receptor benzodiacepínico periférico como marcador de neoplasias queda en entredicho. Los estudios de competición demuestran que el PK 11195 presenta una afinidad de orden nanomolar en tejido de rata y humano, mientras que el Ro 5-4864 presenta una elevada afinidad en roedores. Se demuestra una interacción de tipo no competitivo entre los inhibidores del "carrier" ADP/ATP y el receptor benzodiacepínico periférico. Los compuestos que actúan inhibiendo el transporte de la adenosina desplazan con una afinidad dentro del orden micromolar la unión del Ro 5-4864 y del PK 11195. La protoporfirina IX presenta una afinidad dentro del orden micromolar para el receptor benzodiacepínico periférico en roedores. Se demuestra que este efecto no se realiza a través del receptor benzodiacepínico periférico.
The clinical use of benzodiazepines is due to their specific binding to the central benzodiazepine receptor, which is linked to the GABA receptor and ion chloride channel. At present there are no clinical applications based on the interaction of drugs peripheral benzodiazepine receptor. The aim of the present study is to investigate and characterize [(3)H]-Ro 5-4864 and [(3)H]-PK 11195 binding sites in rat and humans. PK 11195 had higher affinity by the peripheral type benzodiazepine receptor than Ro 5-4854 in human prostate. In rat the affinity was in nanomolar range for this receptor. The Ro 5-4864 binding in rat was inhibited no competivively by atractyloside and alpha, beta-methylene ATP, suggesting a modulation by the ADP/ATP mitochondrial carrier. We postulate that [(3)H]-Ro 5-4864 binding sites are regulated by purine nucleotides in a allosteric fashion, a result suggesting the involvement of these binding sites in mitochondrial metabolism, which could explain why both Ro 5-4864 and PK 11195 decrease respiratory control in isolated rat kidney mitochondria. Protoporphyrin IX the most potent endogenous ligand inhibitor of [(3)H]-PK 11195 binding (Verma and Snyder, 1989) was also able to displace [(3)H]-Ro 5-4864 binding but only a micromolar concentration range. Clonazepam, a characteristic central benzodiazepine ligand, did not displace [(3)H]-binding site. Flutamide is able to displace Ro 5-4864 and PK 11195 only a micromolar concentrations. However, the slopes of competition curves not differ from unity, we have characterized an adenosine carrier in rat mitochondria. Peripheral benzodiazepines inhibited the adenosine transporter in the micromolar range.
Books on the topic "Salud y raza"
Gastos directos de bolsillo en salud: la necesidad de un análisis de género. Pan American Health Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275323540.
Full textBarreto López, Rita Cecilia, Lucy Jasmín Escobar Palma, Flor Elizabeth Acosta Castro, Dolores Guadalupe Zambrano Cerón, Cristhian Patricio Triviño Ibarra, Tania del Roció Menéndez Pin, Tatiana Elizabeth Morales Pincay, Delia de los Ángeles Zambrano, Beneda Monserrate Zambrano Mora, and Tatiana Paola Vinces Sornoza. Temas esenciales de Pediatría: desde la Infancia hasta su adolescencia. Mawil Publicaciones de Ecuador, 2020, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26820/978-9942-826-18-3.
Full textAguiar, Euzelene Rodrigues. Análise histórica da evolução do consumo de álcool entre indígenas do Brasil: um processo individual, coletivo e étnico. Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/0vi0447.
Full text1939-, Kiple Kenneth F., ed. The African exchange: Toward a biological history of Black people. Durham [N.C.]: Duke University Press, 1987.
Find full textKiple, Kenneth F. The African Exchange: Toward a Biological History of Black People. Duke University Press, 1988.
Find full textRivera Mera, Marcia Julieth, Adriana Gabriela Naula Carabajo, Cristian David Veloz Naranjo, Elsa Cecilia Burgos Rivera, Melanye Natusha Guevara Molina, Nathaly Alexandra Márquez Tumbaco, Daysi Katrina Ronquillo Guachamin, Alissa Stefanie Godoy Villalva, Evelyn Solange Ordeñana Chevez, and Mariuxi del Rocío Jaramillo Tandazo. Nuevos Horizontes de la Medicina Interna: Medicina Basada en la Evidencia. Mawil Publicaciones de Ecuador, 2020, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26820/978-9942-826-43-5.
Full textSanz, Vanesa, Luz Fernández, and Luis Illanes. Radioprotección en medicina nuclear. Editorial de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (EDULP), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.35537/10915/62068.
Full textProcel Aguiño, Julio Hugo, Jorge Aleghery Merchán Villamar, Johnny Wimper Potes Duque, Ketty Angélica Romero Batallas, Fabricia Georgina Macías Cedeño, Johanna América Linares Rivera, Andrés Gonzalo Cevallos Andrade, Gloria Herlinda Bravo Loor, Rafael Bolívar Maldonado Manzano, and Christian Heinz Linares Rivera. Fundamentos teórico-prácticos y riesgos de la GÍNECO-OBSTETRICIA. Mawil Publicaciones de Ecuador, 2020, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26820/978-9942-826-36-7.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Salud y raza"
Bonilla Olaya, María del Pilar. "Itinerario diagnóstico de pacientes con cáncer de próstata en población vulnerable en Colombia una realidad vivida." In Formación y manejo del cuerpo desde la educación para la salud y la antropología, 105–20. Fundación Universitaria Juan N. Corpas, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26752/9789589297445.6.
Full textEspinosa Acero, Sebastián Felipe, and Diogo Rodrigues Bezerra. "Caracterización físico-funcional de jugadores de voleibol en la categoría menores (rama masculina)." In Efectos del entrenamiento y control fisiológico en el deporte y la salud, 65–74. Escuela Militar de Cadetes Jose Maria Cordova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21830/9789585284814.04.
Full textMejía, Marcela Rodríguez. "EL PORQUÉ Y EL CÓMO DE LA LABOR JUDICIAL DE LA SUPERINTENDENCIA NACIONAL DE SALUD." In Estudio de la delegaci??n funciones jurisdiccionales en la rama ejecutiva: una revisi??n global y particular, 283–316. Universidad del Externado de Colombia, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1ddcx3m.10.
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