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1
Correa, Minerva. "Ethnic Identity : An Examination of Hispanic International Students." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277654/.
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I interviewed twenty-four International students from the following countries: Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Peru, Colombia, Brazil, Puerto Rico and Spain. Hereafter I shall refer to the respondents as Hispanic International students. My primary interest was to learn the way in which Hispanic International students defined themselves in view of ethnic definitions imposed on them by the administrative system in the U.S. First, Hispanic International students defined themselves primarily by their nationality. The second finding dealt with the usage of language. The Hispanic International students spoke Spanish with relatives and friends. They spoke English when a non-Spanish speaker joined the conversation. The third finding was related to the problems and adaptations encountered by Hispanic International students.
2
Nárez, Enrique Fernández. "Culture and ethnic identity in the curriculum." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/947.
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Wang, Han. "We are who we are." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1397654.
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This creative project consists of a documentary about how two Taiwanese immigrant families try to maintain Taiwanese culture in the United States. One is a Taiwanese family, and the other is a biracial family (mother is Taiwanese and the father is Caucasian). Even though their family backgrounds are different, both families wish to maintain the Taiwanese culture and teach their children to be proud of their identity.<br>Department of Telecommunications
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Keyser, Victoria Estelle. "The Impact of race and ethnic identity on adolescents' use of coping skills." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2924.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in the utilization of coping mechanisms of minority and White adolescents. By measuring the coping skills in adolescents, it sought to identify which strategies are most frequently used within the construct of race.
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Géliga-Vargas, Jesús A. "Ethnic Identity, Gay Identity and Sexual Sensation Seeking: HIV Risk-taking Predictors Among Men of Color Who Have Sex with Men." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2216/.
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This study examined relationships among ethnic identity, gay identity, sexual sensation seeking, and HIV risk-taking behaviors among 302 men of color recruited from gay bars, bathhouses, community agencies, and the 1998 United States Conference on AIDS. The sample included 24% African American, 28% Latino, 25% Asian/ Pacific Islander, 19% Caucasian, 1% American Indian, and 3% other ethnicity. Logistic regression analysis identified sexual sensation seeking, having an undefined gay identity, being in a sexually exclusive relationship, not being HIV seronegative, and length of stay in the country (for those born overseas) as significant predictors of unprotected anal intercourse (insertive and penetrative) among men of color who have sex with men.
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Gai, Lili. "Dining at Ethnic-themed Restaurants: an Investigation of Consumers' Ethnic Experiences, Preference Formation, and Patronage." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699898/.
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Given unprecedented shifts in the U.S. demography marked by rapid growth in Hispanic, Asian and other ethnic market segments, marketing scholars and practitioners are confronting ways to cultivate ethnic consumers' brand preference formation, retail patronage and their ensuring consumption choices. Food is cited as a common signifier for consumers’ ethnic/cultural identity because food itself is a cultural symbol. However, little research has examined the influences of ethnic identities on consumers’ patronage behaviors of ethnic-themed restaurants. Thus, this dissertation critically explores the impact of ethnic identity and motivational factors to better understand consumers' choices of ethnic-themed restaurants with a mix-method approach. The present research investigates how ethnic identity and consumers’ need for uniqueness interplay with perceived authenticity in consumers’ patronage intention of ethnic-themed restaurants. The findings advocate the interplay among ethnic identity, consumers’ need for uniqueness, and perceived authenticity of general consumers in decision making choices of patronizing ethnic-themed restaurants. The findings have important implications for market segmentation guiding the owners of ethnic-themed restaurant the choice of environmental cues to encourage patronage intentions among general consumers. Furthermore, this study provides additional insights about motivating factors affecting decision making of patronizing ethnic-themed restaurants and contributes to the stream of research by enhancing understanding of marketing ethnic-themed restaurant in a multi-cultural society.
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Kim, Kang-Il. "A relational model of understanding adult Korean adoptees' ethnic identity formation in the United States." Fort Worth, Tex. : Texas Christian University, 2008. http://etd.tcu.edu/etdfiles/available/etd-05072008-080252/unrestricted/kim.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Brite Divinity School, Texas Christian University, 2008.<br>Title from dissertation title page (viewed May 13, 2008). Includes abstract. "Dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Brite Divinity School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Pastoral Theology and Pastoral Counseling." Includes bibliographical references.
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Takimoto, Yukari. "Sheltered ethnic identity : the effects of education on Japanese adolescent sojourners in the United States /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7845.
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Sullivan, William A. "The Rising of 1798 and the Political Foundation of Irish-American Identity." W&M ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626498.
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Lee, Amy, and 李凱華. "Translocal readings: Hong Kong television serials in US Chinatowns." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37339436.
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Doan, De Van. "Racial identity development and leadership development among Asian American students in ethnic-identity based organizations : a case study." Scholarly Commons, 2012. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/828.
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This thesis explored how involvement in Asian ethnic-identity based organizations affected stud~nts' racial identity development and leadership development. There were five Asian ethnic-identity based organizations in this study; each organization served as a case and together created a collective case study. Participants for this study were the Asian American students in the five organizations. The conceptual framework included Input- Environment Outcome model, Student Involvement theory, Asian American Identity Development model, and Leadership Identity Development model.
Involvement in Asian ethnic-identity based organizations contributed to a more positive perception of one's racial/ethnic identity. Students had greater cultural exploration and commitment to their ethnic identity. Involvement positively contributed to development of leadership identity specifically greater leadership self-efficacy and the ability to collaborate. The study provided insights into how the practice of leadership was affected by organizational structure and membership level. Ethnic-identity based organizations were the venues where students found an inclusive, supportive and encouraging community that fostered racial identity development. Eventually, these students assumed leadership responsibilities to spread cultural awareness and developed other student leaders to sustain their community. Discussed were the implications for practice and future research.
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Kline, Robyn Loretta. "The United States census: The racialization of Indian identity and its impact on self determination." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292017.
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Throughout the history of United States' policy towards Native people, the strongest underlying methodology for effectuating conquest has had its roots in the control of the tribal identity. Because the United States Census counts people and categorizes them into racial groups, the relationship of the identity of Native people to the Census and Federal Indian policy would seem to be closely associated. When analyzing the process of the United States Census as it applies to Native Americans, a greater understanding develops regarding the ultimate control of Indian identity and the resultant effects of that control upon tribal people. By understanding this relationship, tribes may choose to further strengthen the meaning of self determination and demand that they be the ones to count their own people. By taking control of the tribal identity, tribes are taking control of the disposition of rights and resources within the federal-tribal structure.
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Keljik, Jonathan. "Erin's inheritance| Irish-American children, ethnic identity, and the meaning of being irish, 1845-1890." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3613991.
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<p> This dissertation explores the concerns and discussions about lessons of Irish identity for the children of Irish immigrants in mid to late nineteenth-century New York and New England. The author argues that there were recurrent efforts to maintain Irish identity by ensuring the young would understand their Irish and Catholic heritage and that adults often based this identity on the themes of Irish nationalism. Yet Irish-Americans understood that they had to demonstrate Irish loyalty to the United States, so they attempted to blend Irish and American identities in their progeny, articulating an early vision of cultural pluralism for American society. This research contributes to understandings of the invention of ethnicity and ethnic endurance in the United States and how immigrants use conceptions of the meaning of "American" with their national backgrounds as they create identities for their descendants. This dissertation also illuminates the importance of children and ideas about childhood to the development of ethnicity in the United States. But it also has broader meanings for the ways in which religion, ethnicity, and nationality affect the transition of immigrant progeny from the world of their parents to that of the United States and how the children of immigrants eventually become American ethnic groups.</p>
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Sadeghi, Sahar. "National Narratives and Global Politics: Immigrant and Second-Generation Iranians in the United States and Germany." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/274683.
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Sociology<br>Ph.D.<br>This dissertation project examines the lived experiences of immigrant and second- generation Iranian immigrants to uncover the factors that shape their perceptions of belonging in two differ western nations. It is a qualitative methods study that utilized in-depth interviews. I address the limitations of past research by highlighting that Iranians' experiences of belonging and membership in western nations are greatly influenced by the national narratives of their host societies and the global politics surrounding Iran. My central research questions are: How do America's and Germany's national narratives of immigration influence Iranians' sense of belonging? and How do Iranians perceive the global politics surrounding Iran as impacting their lives in the West? Research on Iranians in the United States and Europe underscores Iranians' proclivity to become entrepreneurs in their new nation, the lack of solidarity and community among Iranians, and the discrimination that they experience due to their ethnic and religious identities. However, we lack comparative scholarship that examines Iranian immigrants' experiences in two nations where the national narratives are different. Moreover, there is an absence of research that addresses whether, and how, global politics influence perceptions of belonging. The three empirical chapters examine the data from sixty-four in-depth interviews with immigrant and second-generation Iranians living in northern and southern California, and Hamburg, Germany. In the first interview data chapter, I examine the motivations of Iranians' migration to the US and Germany, their settlement experiences, and their expectations of their lives in their new nation. Specifically in this chapter, I reveal that the lack of foreign policy considerations for post-Revolution Iranian exiles in the US and the institutionalized nature of refugee policy, and lack of it, in each nation helps explain the varying settlement experiences of immigrant-generation Iranians in the US and Germany. It is noteworthy that these experiences also helped shape Iranians' understanding of each nation's main values and characteristics. In the second empirical chapter, I show that national narratives of immigration are important in shaping Iranian immigrants' understandings, expectations, and experiences of belonging and membership in the US and Germany. These narratives inform their interpretations of not just the prospects of belonging, but the indications of whether they have accomplished it. In the last data chapter, I explore how Iran's global political standing influences the lives of Iranian immigrants living in the US and Germany. In both the US and Germany, the dominant negative discourse surrounding a highly politicized homeland stigmatizes Iranians' identities, and makes them more subject to experiences of marginality and discrimination. Specifically, in the US, global politics puts a cap on Iranians' quality of middle class experiences, and facilitates the construction of social marginality and discrimination against them. In Germany, it helps solidify a boundary that is already there. Ultimately, this dissertation research uncovers three important aspects in regards to perceptions of belonging among Iranians in the US and Germany: First, a comparison of Iranian immigrant experiences in two western nations where the narratives of belonging are considerably different demonstrated that the national narratives of an immigrants' host society greatly shape and mediate perceptions and experiences of belonging and membership. Specifically in the US, Iranians perceive belonging when they can obtain opportunities for social mobility, when their ancestry is not marked or stigmatized, and when they can place themselves in the `nation of immigrants' narrative. In Germany, Iranians perceive that they can come close to belonging once they are perceived as having culturally accommodated to German society, can access greater opportunity structures, and are perceived and accepted as `good foreigners and immigrants'. Second, an examination of how global politics surrounding Iran impact Iranians' lives in western nations revealed that their identities are stigmatized; they encounter marginality and exclusion, and ultimately feel that they do not belong or have full membership in the US and Germany. Interestingly, Iranians in both nations hypothesized that an improved Iranian standing would help facilitate belonging and membership. What is more, their perceptions of how their lives would change, and how belonging would take shape, if they did not live with the stigmas created by Iran's global politics, were inextricably linked to the national narratives of their host societies. Third, there were significant generational differences in how the second-generation in each nation assessed belonging. In the US, the second-generations' ability to access the educational resources needed for professional careers, despite their perceptions of the existence of anti-Iranian prejudice, legitimized both the US national narrative and proved to them that they can secure a good quality of life and be a part of US society. In Germany, the second generation experienced generational lag with regard to belonging. Their ability to belong is not resolved by length of residence, German citizenship, German educational attainments, or their adherence German cultural norms and practices. Rather, second generation believed that being marked as foreigners was perpetual, and not an identity that one loses after a few generations. Ultimately, among the US second-generation US sample there were more significant/powerful declarations of the ability to acquire social mobility and belonging, while those in Germany experienced a more generalized feeling of not belonging. This research contributes to ongoing conversations regarding immigrant belonging and membership. It adds the comparative dimension of belonging and membership by examining evaluations of belonging in two western nations where the national narratives are different. Furthermore, it takes into account how the contentious and antagonistic political relationship between Iran and western nations has impacted Iranians' lived experiences, and ability to belong, in the US and Germany. Ultimately, the inclusion of national narratives and global politics contributes to our understanding of the sociological processes that facilitate, and disrupt, experiences of immigrant belonging and membership in their host society, and provides us with a deeper understanding of the layered and complex dynamics that shape immigrant experiences.<br>Temple University--Theses
15
Mann, Rob. "Zachariah Cicott, 19th century French Canadian fur trader : ethnohistoric and archaeological perspectives of ethnic identity in the Wabash Valley." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/902490.
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Following the social unrest of the 1960s, social scientists in America began to examine the persistence of ethnic identity among groups previously viewed in terms of their assimilation into the dominant culture or their geographical and thus cultural isolation. In 1969 social anthropologist Frederick Barth published his seminal essay on the subject. Ethnic identity, he claimed, can persist despite contact with and interdependence on other ethnic groups.This thesis attempts to effectively combine data from both the ethnohistoric and archaeological records in order to better understand the ethnic identity of Zachariah Cicott, a 19th century fur trader living in the central Wabash Valley. At this time the French families living in the United States had managed to maintain a separate sense of being or ethnic identity.The architectural style of an individuals residence has long been regarded as a reflection of the occupant’s ethnicity. French colonists arriving in North America brought with them a distinct architectural style characterized by the use of hand hewn vertical logs. As French communities spread across the North American landscape this style changed in response to the environment and raw materials at hand. Three ethnohistoric accounts of Cicott’s house make a convincing case for the presence of French architecture at the Cicott Trading Post Site (12Wa59).Archaeological excavations at the Cicott Trading Post Site have provided further evidence for French architecture. Found in association with a linear concentration of limestone, which appears to be the partial remains of the house foundation, were several fragments of pierrotage, a type of French mortar.Taken in conjunction with the ethnohistoric accounts, this limestone foundation and the associated pierrotage may be seen to represent the remains of a piece-sur-piece structure.<br>Department of Anthropology
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Deitz, Sharon Luu. "A theoretical framework of Interracial Couple Relationship Success: empirical findings from a sample of Black-White couples in the United States." Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32849.
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Doctor of Philosophy<br>School of Family Studies and Human Services<br>Jared R. Anderson<br>The current study proposes a theoretical model of Interracial Couple Relationship Success and empirically tests a portion of the model in which ethnic identity is linked to relationship satisfaction for Black-White interracial couples. Data were collected from 185 heterosexual Black-White marital couples in the United States. An actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) was used to test the direct and indirect effects of ethnic identity to relationship satisfaction via self-esteem and problem-solving skills. The results indicated ethnic identity of both Black and White partners was related to Black but not White partners’ self-esteem. Findings also revealed significant indirect pathways from Black partners’ self-esteem to their own relationship satisfaction via effective problem-solving skills. The indirect pathway from Black partners’ self-esteem to partner relationship satisfaction was also mediated by partner perceptions of problem-solving in the relationship. The results of this study informs the continued development of the of Interracial Couple Relationship Success model and offers data regarding the role of identity and individual well-being in the context of interracial relationships.
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Lee, Sook-Young. "The interaction effect of television violence and cultural identity on international students' perceived vulnerability." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1124740.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of television violence and cultural identity on international students' perceived vulnerability. A total of 73 international students who registered at Ball State University spring semester 1999 participated in the survey research project. MANOVA revealed a significant relationship between perceived vulnerability and television exposure. Although no significant relationship was found between perceived vulnerability and cultural identity levels, there was a significant interaction effect between television exposure and cultural identity. International students who were heavy viewers and had assimilated identity exhibited the greatest perceived vulnerability. Theoretical and methodological implications of the findings were discussed for future research.<br>Department of Speech Communication
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Tisdale, Shelby Jo-Anne 1950. "Cocopah identity and cultural survival: Indian gaming and the political ecology of the lower Colorado River delta, 1850-1996." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282348.
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This study examines how the Cocopah maintain and express a sense of continuity with their past and how, in today's world, they use their understanding of the past to maintain their cultural identity in the present. An ethnohistorical reconstruction of Cocopah identity from the early period of contact explores the ways in which the political ecology of the Colorado River have influenced Cocopah identity. In approaching Cocopah identity from a political ecology perspective, it is argued that the federal bureaucracy's criteria for tribal status and the recognition of individuals as belonging to particular tribes are based on the commonly held notion of Indian tribes as being clearly distinguished, unchanging cultural entities occupying exclusively bounded tribal territories in stable ecosystems. Political ecology, in contrast, provides anthropology with a dynamic analytical framework in which to understand culture as adaptive systems. Political ecology provides a practical approach in which the interface between history and the dynamic complexities of diverse cultures within a local-global economic context can be examined. I add ethnicity theory to this political ecology framework in order to examine how these historical processes operate at the local level and how they affect Cocopah identity and cultural survival. The coping strategies that the Cocopahs applied to the ecological transformations of the lower Colorado River delta throughout the past 150 years have played a significant role in shaping present-day Cocopah identity. Recent economic development, provided by Indian gaming, has given the Cocopahs the opportunity to revitalize, redefine and perpetuate their cultural identity through the process of planning and developing a tribal museum and cultural center complex on the West Cocopah Reservation in southwestern Arizona.
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Casas, Martha. "Viva Emiliano Zapata! Viva Benito Juarez! Helping Mexican and Chicano Middle School Students Develop a Chicano Consciousness via Critical Pedagogy and Latino/Latina Critical Race Theory." University of Arizona, Mexican American Studies and Research Center, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219198.
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This article describes how an anti-racist curriculum constructed on Critical Race Theory (CRT) and Latino Critical Pedagogy
(LatCrit) helped Mexican and Chicano middle school students enrolled in an alternative education program to alter their
attitudes toward the use of English, and to change their forms of self-identification resulting in the development of a Chicano
consciousness. In the beginning of this fourteen-month study, 9.6% of the students identified with the Chicano label.
However, at the end of the study, 77% of the class selected the Chicano label for self-identification. Moreover, this
investigation bridges the theoretical concepts of Critical Pedagogy to everyday practice in a middle school classroom. In short, the tenets of this theoretical framework were applied in the design and the implementation of the curriculum.
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Martinez-Granillo, Alberto. "Community building with people of Mexican decent [sic] living in the United States." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1363.
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This study explored community building as a method for addressing the problems faced by Mexican Immigrant and Mexican American communities. One of the assumptions that underpinned this study is that community building can be used to counteract racist attitudes toward ethnic minorities. Historically, people of Mexican descent have been the victims of such attitutudes have found their way in oppressive social and economic policy.
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Brar, Navdeep K. "Acculturation and mate selection preferences among Asian-Indians in the United States." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1074529.
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In the psychological literature little has been written about Asian-Indians residing in the United States. Still, previous writers have noted that conflicts between parents and offspring in this population frequently revolve around issues of dating and mate selection. In the current study, I investigated the relationship between acculturation and mate selection preferences among Asian-Indians in the United States. The hypothesis was that respondents who spent their childhood in India would demonstrate Eastern mate selection preferences regardless of degree of acculturation, whereas for respondents who spent their childhood in the United States, acculturation would be predictive of mate selection preferences. Results revealed that generation and acculturation were too highly related to consider them as independent constructs. Therefore, the original hypotheses could not be tested. Factor analysis revealed that the mate selection characteristics loaded onto eight factors. Acculturation was inversely related to emphasis on traditional Eastern social status characteristics in a potential mate. Results are discussed with regard to implications for counseling and future research.<br>Department of Psychological Science
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Peralta, Andrés. "Eating from the Tree of Knowledge: The Impact of Visual Culture on the Perception and Construction of Ethnic, Sexual, and Gender Identity." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc33193/.
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This study explores the way that visual culture and identity creates understanding about how the women in my family interact and teach each other. In the study issues of identity, liminality, border culture, are explored. The study examines how underrepresented groups, such as those represented by Latinas, can enter into and add to the discourses of art education because the women who participated have learned to maneuver through the world, passing what they have learned to one another, from one generation to the next. Furthermore, the study investigates ways in which visual cues offer a way for the women in my family to negotiate their identity. In the study the women see themselves in signs, magazines, television, dolls, clothing patterns, advertisements, and use these to find ways in which to negotiate the borderlands of the places in which they live. Although the education that occurred was informal, its importance is in creating a portal through which to self reflect on the cultural work of educating.
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Ali, Mehvash. "Impact of acculturation, ethnic identity, religiosity, and individual difference variables on the subjective well-being of Pakistani Muslims in the United States /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1208144661&sid=30&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Noh, Marianne S. "Contextualizing Ethnic/Racial Identity: Nationalized and Gendered Experiences of Segmented Assimilation Among Second Generation Korean Immigrants in Canada and the United States." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1226517022.
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Dissertation (Ph. D.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Sociology, 2008.<br>"December, 2008." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 12/30/2008) Advisor, Matthew T. Lee; Committee members, Kathryn Feltey, Susan Roxburgh, Baffour Takyi, Carolyn Behrman; Department Chair, John Zipp; Dean of the College, Ronald F. Levant; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Brown, La Tasha Amelia. "Yard-hip hopping -- Reggae and hip hop music : commercialized constructions of blackness and gender identity in Jamaica and the United States, 1980-2004." FIU Digital Commons, 1999. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1876.
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This thesis examined how skin-tone, gender, and sexuality, within the entertainment industry, help shape the micro-level process by which racial identity is constructed in American culture. The thesis analyzed and critiqued existing ideologies of race across the Americas, with specific reference to Jamaica and the United States. Issues and questions of re-representation within American popular culture are central concerns: in particular, the ways that Black women's roles are defined and redefined through the positionality of female performance artists within the male-dominated music culture. The thesis argued then that skin-tone is fundamental to the understanding of blackness, as American society continues to view race through the lens of the popular entertainment industry. The study examined the positionality of the light-skinned/or biracial Black woman's identity is fixed sexually within the racialized context of American society. The thesis concluded that the glorification of the light-skinned/or biracial Black female recreates a socio-historical and cultural-political context that simultaneously devalues the darker-skinned Black woman.
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Galasso, Evelyn Louise. "Biracial identity: A study of the biracial experience with biracial college students." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2114.
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The purpose of this project was to examine biracial identity, and the specific identitiy choices made by biracial individuals at the college level. In addition, this study explored the many factors that may be associated with the choice of a racial/biracial identity.
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James, Brian M. "Ethnic identity among people of Mexican descent : a comparison of self reference, perception of similarity, and interaction preference /." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06112009-063347/.
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Lee, Sangmi. "Between the diaspora and the nation-state : transnational continuity and fragmentation among Hmong in Laos and the United States." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:644c93e2-ae52-494d-93ca-ebda995bd0a0.
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Based on fourteen-months of multi-sited, ethnographic fieldwork that compares two Hmong communities in Vang Vieng, Laos, and Sacramento, California in the United States, my doctoral thesis examines how the Hmong diaspora is constituted in the absence of a territorial ethnic homeland. Although scholars claim that the Hmong originated in the southwestern part of China, many Hmong are uncertain about their origins and have lost their connections to the ancestral homeland. This thesis suggests we examine diasporas as a dialectical process involving both transnational continuity and national differentiation. Despite their further migratory dispersal after the Vietnam War, Hmong in Laos and the United States have actively created a transnational diasporic community by maintaining their cultural practices across national borders, particularly in the domains of kinship practices and spiritual rituals. At the same time, diasporic Hmong have also created partial 'homes' in the nation-states where they reside. Therefore, their ethnic traditions and perceptions are transformed according to different national contexts, such as local socioeconomic conditions, state policies, and access to economic capital. This results in cultural differences within the diaspora. In addition, Hmong in different countries disagree about their relative position in the diaspora in relation to each other, leading to discursive fragmentation. As a result, diasporas are refracted through different national affiliations. Nonetheless, the sense of national belonging among diasporic Hmong remains partial because they continue to experience social, economic, and ethnic marginalization as an ethnic minority group in both Laos and the United States, which causes them to maintain a diasporic affiliation to Hmong scattered in other countries as an alternative source of ethnic belonging. In this sense, the Hmong are constantly positioned 'in-between' the diaspora and the nation-state.
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Suh, HaeLim. "The rise of the Korean Wave in the United States: Global imagination and the production of locality among Korean Americans in Philadelphia." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/517526.
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Media & Communication<br>Ph.D.<br>This dissertation illustrates the cultural dimension of globalization by examining how the ascendance of South Korean popular culture, i.e., the Korean Wave, reshapes the global imagination and transforms the locality of Korean Americans in Philadelphia. As an ethnographic global media study, I conducted in-depth interviews and participated in Korean cultural events/meetings, as well as visited the sites of living for Korean Americans in the Philadelphia metropolitan area. My research finds that advances in the digitalized media environment made my informants consume copious transnational Korean media every day and individualized their media consumption. Accordingly, their perceptions of Korea/Asia/U.S.’s places in the world are complicated and their ethnic identity has become significant. Their global imaginations also intersect with negotiating gender roles, perceiving attractiveness, and planning future paths. This shift contributes to construction of the in-between identities of Korean Americans by denaturalizing ideas and cultural elements in both Korea and the U.S. Most distinctively, the rise of the Korean Wave stimulates global imagination among young second generation Korean Americans to aspire to and operate their agency in a transnational context that their parents’ generation barely anticipated. Finally, the upsurge of the Korean Wave drives Korean Americans to participate in transforming localities rooted in thickened connectivities and activities centering on Korean popular culture across intra/inter-ethnic groups locally and globally. This conversely facilitates intense engagement and belonging in the local spaces of community among Korean Americans. My study shows how transnational media flow under conditions of globalization positively influences immigrants to embrace their own ethnic identities and local spaces. On the other hand, it implies that there should be further examination of different boundaries of global imagination rooted in gender/class differences as well as race/ethnicity.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Morones, Rachel Bright. "In search of self : a closer look at Mexican American heritage seeking students." Scholarly Commons, 2004. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/588.
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This qualitative study explores the complexities of a little studied international student population called heritage seekers. Focusing specifically on Mexican Americans studying abroad in Mexico, this investigation examined a group from California living in the central state of Queretaro. Information on their experience was collected via a questionnaire applied upon their arrival in Mexico and a two hour interview with each of the participants conducted midway through their study abroad. Their experiences were compiled into profiles and analyzed using theories from four different areas of intercultural study including acculturation, identity, Chicano studies, and friendship development. This investigation produced a series of demographic continua, a list of experiences students are likely to encounter, and suggestions for international educators for meeting the needs of this student population.
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Becker-Green, Jody. "Developing One's Self: Adoption and Identity Formation Through the Eyes of Transracially Adopted Native American Adults." PDXScholar, 2009. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2792.
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Life story methods were used to explore the contextual factors that influenced the experiences and identity formation of seven Native American adults who were transracially adopted prior to the passage of the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978. These methods provided a deeper understanding of how these individuals have integrated their adoption experiences into their evolving sense of self. The life story methodology offered a way to acknowledge and validate participants' life experiences and allowed for the collection of rich information from the perspectives of the adoptees.
The life story interviews were structured to gather information on the influence of one's adoptive family and cultural, social, and educational experiences on participants' developing sense of self. Even though an interview guide was developed for use in the study, each story uniquely unfolded in a manner the participant was comfortable sharing.
The study examined the life stories for patterns or emerging themes related to identity development at different points in the narrators' life cycles in order to develop an aggregate account of the contextual factors influencing identity formation as well as a collective understanding of sense of self. The study identified 12 contextual factors that have both positively and negatively influenced identity development among the participants throughout their lifespan. These factors are: (1) adoptive family; (2) community; (3) educational experiences; (4) religion/spirituality; (5) travel; (6) exposure to cultural experiences; (7) employment; (8) friendships; (9) peer groups; (10) military; (11) societal messages, and (12) reconnection to tribal heritage. Overall, findings from this study suggest that the majority of participants have developed strong Native American, multi-cultural, and/or bi-cultural identities that incorporate their various experiences as transracial adoptees.
Practice considerations for transracial adoptees as well as adoptive parents are suggested. Policy implications relating to granting access to original birth and/or adoption related records are presented. Finally, future research recommendations are offered specific to Native American transracial adoptees, their biological families, and tribal communities from which they adopted. While the practice, policy, and research recommendations are specific to Native American transracial adoptees, the recommendations may have broader implications to a wider population of adoptees in general.
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Arriagada, Paula Andrea. "In search of an identity in young adulthood ethnic self-identification among children of immigrants /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1186505369.
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Aguirre, Berenice D. "Identifying the needs of the Purhepecha children and families: An indigenous population of immigrants from Michoacan Mexico living in the the United States." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3400.
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The purpose of this study was to identify the needs of the Purhepecha children, also referred to as Tarascan, and their families living in the Eastern Coachella Valley located in California. A questionaire was developed by the author in order to identify the population's specific needs. Ultimatley, it is with hope that the Purhepecha people's needs will be understood as relevant to their language and culture, and make these needs public for other professionals working with this population.
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Stephens, Katherine Bernice. "American Gypsies: Immigration, migration, settlement." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2354.
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Sinkule, Jennifer A. "The psychological functioning of Bosnian refugees residing in the United States an examination of the impact of trauma, acculturation, community connectedness, perceived discrimination and ethnic identity /." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3093.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2008.<br>Vita: p. 95. Thesis director: Jelena Kecmanovic. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 7, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-94). Also issued in print.
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Goldberger, Stephanie. "Mexican-Americans in Los Angeles: Strengthening Their Ethnic Identity Through Chivas USA." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/307.
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A large Mexican-American population already exists in Los Angeles and, with each generation, it continues to rise. This Mexican-American community has maintained its connection to its heritage by playing and watching soccer, Mexico’s top watched sport. In this thesis, I analyze how Major League Soccer's Chivas USA serves as an outlet through which many Mexicans in Los Angeles have developed their ethnic identities. Since the early twentieth century, Mexicans in Los Angeles have created separate residential communities and sports organizations to strengthen their connections with one another.
To appeal to Mexican-Americans, Chivas USA has branded itself closely to its sister team Chivas Guadalajara of Mexico. I explore how Chivas USA's Mexican-American fans have responded to the team's arrival in Los Angeles by forming three different supporter groups — Legion 1908, Union Ultras, and Black Army 1850. By interviewing members of the Union Ultras and Black Army 1850, I learned their beliefs towards a range of issues, including: why they support Chivas USA rather than the Los Angeles Galaxy and how they view the poor representation of Mexican-American players on the United States National Soccer Team. As I conclude, these supporter groups have increased in number and diversity as Chivas USA has grown in popularity. To increase its Mexican-American fan base and to sustain professional soccer in Los Angeles, Chivas USA should relocate to a new stadium for the Major League Soccer's 2013 season and consider rebranding its name to "Chivas Los Angeles."
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Deede, Sara Elizabeth. "Activism and Identity: How Korea's Independence Movement Shaped the Korean Immigrant Experience in America, 1905-1945." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/174.
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The Korean Independence Movement was a four decades long endeavor from 1905 to 1945 by Koreans to liberate Korea from Japanese colonization. Korean immigrants in America played a vital role in the movement. They contributed money, organized patriotic activities in their communities to raise awareness and issued appeals for support to the U.S. government. Throughout the years, and from generation to generation, Korean immigrants remained loyal to Korea's cause for liberation. This study discusses how this intense patriotic involvement to their homeland affected Koreans immigrants' experiences in America, namely, how such intense overseas nationalism shaped their Americanization process. Korean immigrants have told about their experiences in the form of memoirs, short narratives, interviews and speeches. These provide many first-person perspectives from which to understand Korean immigrants' changing senses of community, patriotism and acculturation. Many of these sources have come available in the last twenty years, but academic scholars have left these source largely untouched. Historians of Korean immigrant history often discuss the political components of the K.I.M. Although recognizing the importance of the Korean Independence Movement to Korean immigrants, scholars have, nonetheless, said very little as to how this movement affected them socially. This study examines how America influenced historical developments culturally by shaping the attitudes of Korea's most politically active nationalists--the Korean immigrants in America. Furthermore, this study argues that Koreans in America utilized the K.I.M. for much more than Korean independence and that their motives evolved throughout the decades. The early immigrants used the K.I.M. as a means to establish a Korean community and establish social networks while the later activists, particularly after 1919, used their demonstrations to broadcast their distinct Asian identity as well as their assimilation and loyalty to America. More simply put, Korean patriotism and Korean immigrant "Americanization," are intimately connected.
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Zini, Luca. "The Modern State and the Re-Creation of the Indigenous Other: The Case of the Authentic Sámi in Sweden and the White Man’s Indian in the United States of America." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1921.
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The present study comparatively examined the socio-political and economic transformation of the indigenous Sámi in Sweden and the Indian American in the United States of America occurring first as a consequence of colonization and later as a product of interaction with the modern territorial and industrial state, from approximately 1500 to 1900.
The first colonial encounters of the Europeans with these autochthonous populations ultimately created an imagery of the exotic Other and of the noble savage. Despite these disparaging representations, the cross-cultural settings in which these interactions took place also produced the hybrid communities and syncretic life that allowed levels of cultural accommodation, autonomous space, and indigenous agency to emerge. By the nineteenth century, however, the modern territorial and industrial state rearranges the dynamics and reaches of power across a redefined territorial sovereign space, consequently, remapping belongingness and identity. In this context, the status of indigenous peoples, as in the case of Sámi and of Indian Americans, began to change at par with industrialization and with modernity. At this point in time, indigenous populations became a hindrance to be dealt with the legal re-codification of Indigenousness into a vacuumed limbo of disenfranchisement. It is, thus, the modern territorial and industrial state that re-creates the exotic into an indigenous Other.
The present research showed how the initial interaction between indigenous and Europeans changed with the emergence of the modern state, demonstrating that the nineteenth century, with its fundamental impulses of industrialism and modernity, not only excluded and marginalized indigenous populations because they were considered unfit to join modern society, it also re-conceptualized indigenous identity into a constructed authenticity.
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Schmidt, Richard J. "Indigenous competition for control in Bolivia." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Jun%5FSchmidt.pdf.
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Schoone-Jongen, Terence G. "Tulip time, U. S. A. staging memory, identity and ethnicity in Dutch-American community festivals /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1172255860.
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Siddiqui, Shariq Ahmed. "Navigating Identity through Philanthropy: A History of the Islamic Society of North America (1979 - 2008)." Thesis, Indiana University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3665939.
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<p> This dissertation analyzes the development of the Islamic Society of North America (ISNA), a Muslim-American religious association, from the Iranian Revolution to the inauguration of our nation's first African-American president. This case study of ISNA, the largest Muslim-American organization in North America, examines the organization's institution-building and governance as a way to illustrate Muslim-American civic and religious participation. Using nonprofit research and theory related to issues of diversity, legitimacy, power, and nonprofit governance and management, I challenge misconceptions about ISNA and dispel a number of myths about Muslim Americans and their institutions. In addition, I investigate the experiences of Muslim-Americans as they attempted to translate faith into practice within the framework of the American religious and civic experience. I arrive at three main conclusions. First, because of their incredible diversity, Muslim-Americans are largely cultural pluralists. They draw from each other and our national culture to develop their religious identity and values. Second, a nonprofit association that embraces the values of a liberal democracy by establishing itself as an open organization will include members that may damage the organization's reputation. I argue that ISNA's values should be assessed in light of its programs and actions rather than the views of a small portion of its membership. Reviewing the organization's actions and programs helps us discover a religious association that is centered on American civic and religious values. Third, ISNA's leaders were unable to balance their desire for an open, consensus-based organization with a strong nonprofit management power structure. Effective nonprofit associations need their boards, volunteers and staff to have well-defined roles and authority. ISNA's leaders failed to adopt such a management and governance structure because of their suspicion of an empowered chief executive officer.</p>
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Vang, TangJudy. "The Role of Psycho-Sociocultural Factors in Suicide Risk Among Mong/Hmong Youth." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1037.
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This study examined psychological, social, and cultural factors that can affect suicide risk among Mong/Hmong youth between the ages of 18 and 25. Emerging evidence suggests that Mong/Hmong youth are at an increased risk for suicide (Huang, Lee, & Arganza, 2004; Jesilow & Xiong, 2007). Additionally, initial findings and theories have suggested potential associations between Mong/Hmong youth suicide risk and intergenerational family conflict, ethnic identity, acculturation, depression, and spirituality. The seriousness of suicide risk among Mong/Hmong youth in this country has been overlooked for decades; therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine these associations with the hope that the findings would be beneficial in future efforts to reduce suicide risk among Mong/Hmong youth.
This research was a cross-sectional exploratory study that used a purposive sampling method in addition to snowball sampling. The sample consisted of 165 Mong/Hmong youth between the ages of 18 and 25 from three California academic institutions. Results indicated that of 165 respondents, 59% (n=98) have had passing thoughts of suicide. There was a correlation between ethnic identity, intergenerational family conflict, depression, and spiritual beliefs. Furthermore, ethnic identity and intergenerational family conflict were significant predictors of depression. Lastly, depression and having a belief in Mong/Hmong traditional spiritual and healing practices were predictors of suicide risk among the sampled population.
Two open-ended protective factor questions were explored to encourage participants to reflect on their resilience to suicide by sharing how they responded to thoughts of ending their life and what helped them to overcome those thoughts. Five themes were identified as protective factors: (1) having the cognitive ability to understand how death affects loved ones; (2) optimism and having a positive orientation toward the future; (3) connectedness with family, friends, and community; (4) having a sense of self-worth; and (5) a social life.
Implications for social work practice and policy include the development, expansion and delivery of culturally appropriate mental health treatment services for young adults. This entails the incorporation of traditional Mong/Hmong mental health healing practices into western mental health treatment, ongoing clinical research to better understand the mental health needs of the Mong/Hmong young adult population, and educating and empowering the Mong/Hmong community to access the mental health system, thereby reducing the stigma associated with mental health and increasing access to treatment.
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McCrotty, Micah. "North of Ourselves: Identity and Place in Jim Wayne Miller’s Poetry." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3581.
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Jim Wayne Miller’s poetry examines how human history and topography join to create place. His work often incorporates images of land and ecology; it deliberately questions the delineation between place and self. This thesis explores how Miller presents images of water to describe the relationship between inhabitants and their location, both with the positive image of the spring and the negative image of the flood. Additionally, this thesis examines how the Brier, Miller’s most prominent persona character, grieves his separation from home and ultimately finds healing and reunification of the self through his return to the hills. In his poetry, Miller argues that an essential piece of people’s identity is linked with the land, and, through recognition of the importance of topography on the development of the self, individuals can foster a deeper sense of community through appreciation of their place.
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Ortega, Anthony Perez. "Diagnostic differences of Mexican American clients due to clinician's ethnicity." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1638.
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Babcock, Aaron C. "The Search for Belonging and Citizenship in U.S. Immigration Novels, 1887-1935." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1588546613448092.
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Fonoti, Rochelle Tuitagavaʼa. "Tau ave i le mitaʼi, tau ave i le mamao : mapping the tatau-ed body in the Samoan diaspora". Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/12045.
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Lonergan, Courtney C. "Mixed ethnic identity in the United States." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28416.
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In this paper I focus on the process of formulating an ethnic
identity in the United States for individuals of mixed-ethnicity. My main
question explores the complexities an individual with parents of separate
and distinct ethnic heritages faces when constructing an ethnic identity
in our society. American society is reaching a new reality where
influences of not only mixed "race", but of an individual's multiple ethnic
heritages can be recognized and discussed. Still, American culture has
little patience with changing identities between contexts or with an
ambiguous identity. Through the combination of research, interviews,
and my own life experiences, I explore the many complex influences and
conditions which shape an individual's mixed ethnic identity over time.
My main informants are individuals whose parents acknowledged an
evident and specific ethnic heritage distinct from one another. My
informants are a combination of their cultural and biological heritage,
leaving them with more flexibility how to construct their own ethnic
identity, which may then change through time, based on their unique life
experiences.
As I traced the formulation of ethnic identity, for individuals of
mixed-ethnicity, I found that it is not only shaped by how they see
themselves, but also by how others perceive them. Ethnic identity begins
with the individual's family heritage, cultural background, language, and
personality and is then transformed by political, economic, educational,
and other diverse influences of society, which unfortunately also includes
prejudice, discrimination, and embellished stereotypes.<br>Graduation date: 2000
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Dadlani, Mamta Banu. "Malleable racial identity in multiracial individuals: A new paradigm for integrating race and identity in the United States." 2012. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3545915.
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A review of theories explicating identity processes and racial categorization demonstrate a growing trend towards continual adaptation and response to social context. However, current models of racial identity are characterized by relatively static, linear development. The current study introduces the construct of malleable racial identity in multiracial individuals as a means to resolve the current disconnect between racial identity models and definitions of race and identity as socially-constructed. Two methods of malleable racial identity were developed and tested, and predictors of malleable racial identity were explored. One hundred and twenty multiracial college students with parents from two different racial groups completed a series of measures assessing malleable racial identity, self-perception of skin tone, racial composition of social networks, and familial racial socialization practices. Three main findings emerged. First, confirmatory factor analyses provided preliminary support for the construct of malleable racial identity as assessed through an 8-item self-report measure. Second, individuals who identified as having darker skin tones reported greater levels of malleable racial identification. Third, shifts towards more racially homogenous academic environments during college were associated with increased levels of malleable racial identification. Improvements to study measures are described and results are discussed in terms of the implications for conceptualizations of race and identity.
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Pierce, Matthew Lynn. "Ethnic identity among diaspora peoples: how globalization and migration reshape the people group phenomenon." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10392/5182.
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The research in this dissertation reveals that Nepali refugees in Louisville have developed several identities that sometimes overlap and contradict one another when one tries to classify this population into distinct units or ethnic groups. Self-identity is important for evangelical mission strategists because evangelical mission strategy is dominated by a desire to reach “people groups” and diaspora peoples are not easily broken up into distinct people groups.
Chapter 1 presents the research questions and methodologies. The research questions are,
1. Diaspora peoples cannot be placed into distinct groups without seriously distorting reality. What does this mean when trying to reach diaspora peoples in North America?
2. How do diaspora people draw boundaries between their group and the “others”? Do they draw boundaries?
The research methodology includes a literature review, semi-structured interviews, narrative research, grounded theory, participant observation, and the data was analyzed producing two case studies.
Chapter 2 provides a framework for relating findings of this dissertation within this field of study. It summarizes and analyzes the relevant literature from the fields of missiology and cultural anthropology especially as it concerns diaspora and ethnic identity. The literature review comes from secular and evangelical sources.
Chapter 3 concentrates on the refugee community from Burma in Louisville. It includes a history of the community describing where the refugees came from and how they arrived in Louisville, including biographical studies from different ethnic perspectives. The biographical studies demonstrate different viewpoints from people within this group. The case study identifies the way this group categorizes themselves and draw boundaries defining the “other.”
Chapter 4 addresses the complexity of the refugee community from Nepal, including a history of the community describing where they came from and how they arrived in Louisville. Like chapter 3, it includes biographical studies from different perspectives within the community. Chapter 4 concludes with how Nepali-speaking refugees from Bhutan identify and categorize themselves and place boundaries between themselves and other groups.
The last two chapters conclude with research implications and the conclusion. The distinct boundaries between people groups are eroded by diaspora peoples moving to urban areas in North America. In missiologists desire to reach people groups they often place diaspora peoples into distinct categories of ethnic groups where they do not exist in reality. The theory that diaspora peoples have fluid identities as described by anti-anti-essentialists such as Douglass, Friedman, and others puts a major wrinkle in the idea that diaspora peoples can be fit into distinct categories. This dissertation a presents a new methodology for missiologists studying ethnic groups and planting homogenous churches among diaspora populations in North America based on fuzzy set theory.
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Martinez, Yolanda Tellez. "Recordando memoria : shaping Chicana identity." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30508.
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This research explored the self-concept of Chicanas in terms of their
lived experiences and how those experiences influenced the shaping of their
identity. It examined the multiple labels Chicanas use to self-identify and the
context or situations in which they use specific labels. Moreover, it took into
account the influence of gender, ethnicity, language, race, and culture on their
concept of self. My study employed interpretive and collaborative research
methods and included my own narrative story as part of the analytical process.
It draws on a Chicana femenista (feminist) pedagogy that is heavily influenced
by an Indigenous perspective as the conduit for the construction and
transmission of knowledge. My objectives during the course of the study were
to explore the many facets of Chicanas' experiences and challenge prevailing
notions about our identity.
The chief method for collecting data was interactive, dialogic
interviews with five Chicana participants. During the loosely structured
interviews, the women were asked to narrate their life stories as they related to
the shaping of their concept of self. The women's detailed narratives and
personal reminiscences as well as my own provided the data that was analyzed
and interpreted to examine Chicana identity. The women were co-participants
in "making sense" of the data. They provided guidance, expressed opinions,
and helped to construct the meaning of their lived experiences.
The results of the interpretation process indicated that culture and the
intersecting factors of gender, language, age, ethnicity, and race shaped the
participants' concept of self. Hence, their identity was culturally learned and
mediated via their perceptions of the world. In turn, their worldview was
influenced by the aforementioned factors. The women's narratives also
suggested that they used multiple identity labels and that they were contextual.
Thus, identity can change or evolve over the course of one's lifespan and
through one's lived experiences. As such, Chicana identity is not fixed. As
Chicanas we are constructing our own identity rather than allowing it to be
imposed by others. Moreover, we are extending the possibility that we
continually construct our identity.<br>Graduation date: 2004