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Campero, Chloée. "De San Andrés Larrainzar à San Andres Sakamch'en de los Pobres : la transformation du discours politique Mexicain." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0021/MQ54982.pdf.
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Le, Guyader Morgane. "« God Bless San Andres » : Esclavage, double colonisation et ethnicité post-émancipation dans la Caraïbe « colombienne »." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Antilles, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ANTI0767.
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À partir de la fin du 18ème siècle, une petite société plantationnaire de coton est établie sur l’archipel de San Andres et Old Providence, situé à l’intersection des côtes nicaraguayennes, du Sud de la Jamaïque et du Nord de la Colombie. Entre 1834 et 1851, celle-ci se démantèle au cours du processus d’émancipation sous l’autorité du pasteur baptiste Philippe Beekman Livingston, descendant du principal négrier écossais de ces îles et issu d’une famille d’esclavagistes installée sur l’île d’Old Providence et à la Jamaïque. De son projet missionnaire s’apparentant au concept baptiste jamaïcain de Free Village, naît une société insulaire afro-anglo-créole « post-émancipation » fondée sur une idéologie égalitariste et dont le déploiement s’accélère à la fin du 19ème siècle. Si l’impitoyable rivalité entre les empires coloniaux a conduit la majorité des territoires caribéens à être successivement et/ou simultanément colonisés par les Britanniques et les Espagnols (entre autres), cet archipel se confronte, à partir du début du 20ème siècle, au prolongement du paradigme colonial cette fois incarné par la Colombie. Le gouvernement central colombien initie alors une politique d’acculturation par assimilation auprès de cette communauté insulaire jugée trop « afro », trop « antillaise » et trop « protestante » pour l’identité nationale que les élites politiques cherchent à affirmer. Localement connue comme la « colombianisation », cette politique assimilationniste reste aujourd’hui synonyme du traumatisme communautaire le plus explicite. Sur l’île de San Andres, à partir des années 1950, de profonds bouleversements démographiques, économiques, territoriaux, et socio-culturels sont annonciateurs d’un point de non-retour. Ne représentant plus que 30% de la population insulaire de l’île de San Andres, la minorisation de la communauté afro-anglo-créole, devient ainsi, à partir de la seconde moitié du 20ème siècle, l’expression la plus contemporaine du phénomène de double colonisation inhérent à la condition historique et politique de l’archipel.Ce phénomène de « dépossession » représente l’un des facteurs majeurs du processus identitaire contemporain des héritiers de la société livingstonienne, institutionnellement inauguré dans les années 1990 par la revendication communautaire d’une catégorie ethnique et autochtone : la catégorie raizal. Au-delà des approches inter-ethniques et généalogiques de l’émergence de la catégorie raizal, la thèse vise à comprendre les enjeux ontologiques de ce processus identitaire post-esclavagiste et postcolonial. Elle interroge son caractère « racinaire », bâti sur la mémoire du processus d’émancipation intrinsèquement reliée à la mémoire communautaire des terres, et dont le récit de la genèse puise dans la figure profondément paradoxale du pasteur Beekman Livingston, érigé en mythe fondateur de la communauté.En dépit de l’apparente insignifiance qui lui est souvent attribuée, en quoi la raïzalité est-elle l’éminente manifestation du récit moderne d’une inquiétude résistante d’exister ? Dans quelle mesure la raïzalité constitue-t-elle une réponse singulière à l’expérience violente de la dépossession ? Pourquoi dépasse-t-elle amplement les frontières de cet archipel injustement effacé de la carte régionale et mondiale des luttes d’existence contre-hégémoniques ?<br>From the end of the 18th century, a small cotton plantation society was established on the archipelago of San Andres and Old Providence, located at the intersection of the Nicaraguan Coast, southern Jamaica and northern Colombia. Between 1834 and 1851, this settlement was dismantled during the process of emancipation under the authority of the Baptist minister Philip Beekman Livingston, descendant of the main Scottish slave trader of both islands and from a family of slavers settled on Old Providence Island and Jamaica. From his missionary project, similar to the Jamaican Baptist concept of Free Village, was born a « post-emancipation » Afro-Anglo-Creole society based on an egalitarian ideology, whose deployment accelerated at the end of the 19th century. If the ruthless rivalry between colonial empires led the majority of Caribbean territories to be successively and/or simultaneously colonized by the British and the Spanish (among others), this archipelago was confronted, from the beginning of the 20th century, with the extension of the colonial paradigm, this time incarnated by Colombia. The Colombian central government then initiated a policy of acculturation by assimilation with this island community considered too « Afro », too « West Indian » and too « Protestant » for the national identity that the political elites were then trying to assert. Locally known as « Colombianization », this assimilationist policy remains today synonymous with the most explicit community trauma. On the island of San Andres, starting in the 1950s, profound demographic, economic, territorial, and socio-cultural upheavals were the harbingers of a point of no return. Representing only 30% of the island population of San Andres, the minorization of the Afro-Anglo-Creole community became, from the second half of the 20th century, the most contemporary expression of the phenomenon of double colonization inherent to the historical and political condition of the archipelago. This phenomenon of « dispossession » represents one of the major factors of the contemporary identity process of the heirs of the Livingstonian society, institutionnaly inaugurated in the 1990s by the community claim of an ethnic and indigenous category : the Raizal category. Beyond the inter-ethnic and genealogical approaches to the emergence of the Raizal category, the thesis aims to understand the ontological stakes of this post-slavery and postcolonial identity process. It questions its « root » character, built on the memory of the emancipation process intrinsically linked to the community memory of the land, and whose genesis is narrated by the paradoxical figure of Pastor Beekman Livingston, erected as the founding myth of the community. Despite the apparent insignificance often attributed to it, in what ways is Raizality a prominent manifestation of the modern narrative of a resistance to exist ? To what extent does Raizality constitute a singular response to the violent experience of dispossession ? Why does it go far beyond the borders of this unjustly erased archipelago on the regional and global map of counter-hegemonic struggles for existence ?<br>Desde finales del siglo XVIII, se estableció una pequeña sociedad de plantación de algodón en el archipiélago de San Andrés y Old Providence, situado en la intersección de la costa nicaragüense, el sur de Jamaica y el norte de Colombia. Entre 1834 y 1851, esta última fue desmantelada durante el proceso de emancipación bajo la autoridad del pastor bautista Philip Beekman Livingston, descendiente del principal comerciante de esclavos escocés de estas islas y de una familia de esclavistas asentada en la isla de Old Providence y en Jamaica. Su proyecto misionero, similar al concepto bautista jamaicano del Free Village, dio lugar a una sociedad insular afro-inglesa-kriol "post-emancipación" basada en una ideología igualitaria, que se aceleró a finales del siglo XIX. Mientras que la despiadada rivalidad entre los imperios coloniales hizo que la mayoría de los territorios del Caribe fueran colonizados sucesiva y/o simultáneamente por británicos y españoles (entre otros), este archipiélago se enfrentó, desde principios del siglo XX, a la extensión del paradigma colonial, esta vez encarnado por Colombia. El gobierno central colombiano inició entonces una política de aculturación a través de la asimilación de esta comunidad insular, considerada demasiado "afro", demasiado "antillana" y demasiado "protestante" para la identidad nacional que las élites políticas pretendían afirmar. Conocida localmente como "colombianización", esta política de asimilación sigue siendo hoy en día sinónimo del trauma comunitario más explícito. En la isla de San Andrés, a partir de los años 50, los profundos cambios demográficos, económicos, territoriales y socioculturales anunciaron un punto de no retorno. Con sólo el 30% de la población de la isla, la minorización de la comunidad afro-anglo-kriol se convirtió, a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX, en la expresión más contemporánea del fenómeno de la doble colonización inherente a la condición histórica y política del archipiélago. Este fenómeno de "desposesión" representa uno de los principales factores del proceso identitario contemporáneo de los herederos de la sociedad livingstoniana, inaugurado institucionalmente en los años 90 por la reivindicación comunitaria de una categoría étnica e indígena: la categoría raizal. Más allá de las aproximaciones interétnicas y genealógicas a la emergencia de la categoría raizal, la tesis pretende comprender las apuestas ontológicas de este proceso identitario post-esclavista y post-colonial. Cuestiona su carácter de "raíz", construido sobre la memoria del proceso de emancipación intrínsecamente ligado a la memoria comunitaria de la tierra, y cuya génesis es narrada por la figura profundamente paradójica del pastor Beekman Livingston, erigido en mito fundacional de la comunidad.A pesar de la aparente insignificancia que a menudo se le atribuye, ¿de qué manera la raizalidad es la manifestación prominente de la narrativa moderna de una necesidad vital y resistente de existir ? ¿En qué medida la raizalidad constituye una respuesta singular a la experiencia violenta del despojo? ¿Por qué va más allá de las fronteras de este archipiélago injustamente borrado en el mapa regional y mundial de las luchas contrahegemónicas por la existencia?
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Hall, Anne Marie. "The clay mineralogy of the lower San Andres formation, Palo Duro Basin, Texas." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25880.
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Montoya-Lerma, James. "Biology of visceral leishmaniasis vectors in San Andres de Sotavento focus (Cordoba, Colombia)." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1996. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682292/.
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Throughout its range of South and Central America, visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania chagasi is transmitted by Lutzomyia longipalpis. Recently, a new vector, Lutzomyia evansi, has been discovered transmitting the parasite in the Caribbean Coast of Colombia. Field studies, using both experimental and observational methodologies were employed to elucidate the main ecological and behavioural factors affecting disease transmission in the focus of San Andres de Sotavento, northern Colombia. Nine species of Lutzomyia were present and Lu. evansi constituted 90% of all sandflies caught. Flies were most abundant in April, May June and September. Trapping in and around houses showed Lu. evansi to be endophilic but with exophagic behaviour, preferring houses near to forest edge as resting places. Host preference, measured using a newly designed trap in a rotational experimental design, showed that humans were preferred over dogs or opossums (reservoirs) during the peak abundance of Lu. evansi. This was supported by catches on tethered hosts and bloodmeal analysis although location of capture of resting flies was also a significant factor. Mark-release-recapture studies showed that Lu. evansi can move up to 800m after 5 days and that freshly fed flies move a few hundred metres to resting sites. Basic life history data on Lu. evansi was obtained from laboratory rearing. This species was bred under laboratory conditions though high mortalities were seen in first instars. In adults survival was associated with different types of sugar. Flagellate parasites resembling L. chagasi were found in 3 of 5326 wild caught Lu. evansi (0.05%) however, culturing and subsequent characterization of these isolates failed. Experimental infections with L. chagasi showed that at least one strain of the parasite grew more prolifically in Lu. longipalpis than in Lu. evansi. This, together with a limited vector range compared to the Old World L. infantum is suggested to be the result of a recent parasite-vector association. Morphologically no differences were seen between Colombian, Venezuelan and Costa Rican Lu. evansi populations. Some variation was seen however in one enzyme (6GPDH) of 18 isozymes tested. Mitochondrial DNA variation was seen between Central and South American populations.
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Lepage, Andrea. "Arts of the Franciscan Colegio De San Andres in Quito : a process of cultural reformation." View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3319103.
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Schwittay, Anke Fleur. "Between San Andres and Buenos Aires, memory, practice and articulation of an indigenous land struggle in Northwestern Argentina." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq43402.pdf.
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Diaz, Garcia Gabriela. "Determinación de los daños económicos por inundación en zonas urbanas y agricolas, en la localidad de San Andres Cuexcontitlan, municipio de Toluca, Estado de México." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2015. http://148.215.1.179/handle/20.500.11799/24427.
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Contiene mapas, tablas, esquemas y fotografías del lugar.<br>El presente trabajo pretende brindar una solución a la problemática mediante la cuantificación de daños que se presenta en la localidad de San Andrés Cuexcontitlán referente al fenómeno de inundación analizando los diferentes factores que influyen en la crecida de la inundación basándose en la aplicación de la metodología del Dr. Baro et al. 2012 para cuantificar los daños económicos tangibles directos e indirectos provocados por inundaciones en zonas habitacionales y agrícolas. Como primera fase se hizo la recopilación de información bibliográfica del marco conceptual, como segunda fase con el objeto de lograr recomendaciones que permitan valorar la problemática de inundación en la localidad se realizó la recopilación del marco legal a nivel federal, estatal y municipal que se aplica a la zona de estudio. En la tercera fase se realizó la caracterización físico-natural y socioeconómica de la Localidad de San Andrés Cuexcontitlán. La cuarta fase detalla en cada área inundable cual sea el caso se aplicó una ecuación de la familia de curvas de daños para cada Ageb´s y según su tipo de marginación. Finalmente, se formularon las conclusiones y recomendaciones con atención al objetivo principal mencionado.
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Ticona, Quispe Miguel. "La conservacion preventiva y curativa de los documentos publicos oficiales en la Biblioteca Central de la Universidad Mayor de San Andres." Universidad Mayor de San Andrés. Programa Cybertesis BOLIVIA, 2003. http://www.cybertesis.umsa.bo:8080/umsa/2007/ticona_qm/html/index-frames.html.
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El presente trabajo de investigación titulado “CONSERVACIÓN PREVENTIVA Y CURATIVA DE LOS DOCUMENTOS PÚBLICOS OFICIALES EN LA BIBLIOTECA CENTRAL DE LA UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN ANDRES”, es el resultado del interés de conocer las estrategias de conservación que se aplican en la Biblioteca el cual incluye el ordenamiento y el estado de las colecciones, el control del medio ambiente, la higiene y el manejo y uso de los documentos por los usuarios universitarios, teniendo en cuenta su conservación, su facilidad de acceso, los sistemas de seguridad, el edificio, el trabajo de reparación y restauración empírica que se realiza; todo ello, permite la obtención de nuevos conocimientos sistematizados derivados de la metodología y las técnicas propuestas en el presente estudio y determinar el grado de eficiencia en el servicio de Circulación y Préstamo de libros y documentos en la Biblioteca Central. La conservación que debe recibir este tipo de colección y las demás colecciones del fondo bibliográfico general, no solamente es tarea de los bibliotecarios que trabajan en esta unidad de información, sino también de las autoridades superiores de la UMSA y del Estado Boliviano por que constituyen patrimonio bibliográfico y documental de la nación; por lo tanto, recursos informativos de gran valor potencial para la investigación científica, técnica y cultural. La existencia de leyes y normas jurídicas como medidas de seguridad, preservación y el buen orden de las documentaciones públicas oficiales a lo largo de la historia de la República, tanto activas con pasivas, han proporcionado resultados limitados; originando la destrucción paulatina de acervos documentales.
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Ayet, San Andres Samuel [Verfasser]. "Developments for multiple-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometers and their application to high-resolution accurate mass measurements of short-lived exotic nuclei / Samuel Ayet San Andres." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1171704631/34.
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Núñez, Riaño Miguel Ángel. "Political and judicial strategies for the care of marine and coastal ecosystems. The case of Creole People in San Andrés Island, Colombia." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Antikens kultur och samhällsliv, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-317791.
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This thesis illustrates how native populations exert a crucial ecological role through deliberate strategies in order to conserve and preserve marine and coastal ecosystems. The investigation identifies political and judicial practices of the Creole people that have contributed to care of ecosystems placed in the Caribbean Archipelago of San Andrés. To this regard, this study considers how the agency of Creole people has influenced the environmental structuring of islands and seas during 20th and 21st centuries. The result is an improved comprehension, through critical analysis of cultural and judicial discourses, of the current ecological state of the Archipelago.
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Maza, Sandoval Emilio. "Mercado Municipal, San Andrés Cholula." Thesis, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, 2004. http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lar/maza_s_e/.
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Dair, Laura C. "Boundary Element Method Numerical Modeling: An Approach for Analyzing the Complex Geometry and Evolution of the San Gorgonio Knot, San Andreas Fault, Southern California." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/222/.
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Morales, Daniel. "Importancia de las Salinas de San Blas durante el Periodo Formativo en la sierra central del Perú." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113588.
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The Salinas de San Blas Site’s Importance during the Formative Period in the Central Highlands of PerúBased on excavations at San Blas in 1974 the author presents a sequence from Late Archaic to Early Intermediate Period, completed by a short description of the latest San Blas style (late Early Intermediate Period to Late Horizon). Using analogies of ethnohistoric sources discusses the importance of salt production and connections with other areas like Kotosh, Huanuco, and the eastern flank of the Andes (Palcamayo, Tarma, Chanchamayo) showing that Chinchaycocha was not an isolated area but connected closely to wider systems.<br>Basado en excavaciones en el sitio de San Blas en 1974, el autor presenta una secuencia desde el Periodo Arcaico Tardío al Periodo Intermedio Temprano, complementada con una breve descripción del tardío estilo San Blas (tardío Periodo Intermedio Temprano al Horizonte Tardío) usando analogías de fuentes etnohistóricas. Discute la importancia de la producción de sal y la conexión con otras áreas como Kotosh, Huánuco, y el flanco oriental de los Andes (Palcamayo, Tarma, Chanchamayo) mostrando que la zona de Chinchaycocha no estaba aislada sino más bien conectada de forma estrecha a sistemas más amplios.
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Guzmán, Cubides Jorge Armando, Destéfano Renato Felipe Paredes, Rodríguez Wilfredo Rodríguez, Millán Javier Jorge Romo, and Branimir Torba. "Proyecto de inversión inmobiliario residencial San Andrés II." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC. Escuela de Postgrado, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/273978.
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El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido desarrollar una Gestión integral de un proyecto inmobiliario agrupando las experiencias y vivencias de cada uno de los integrantes del grupo y de las diferentes empresas donde trabajan, por consiguiente a continuación se mencionan los siguientes objetivos:1 Alcanzar la máxima rentabilidad posible con la inversión a ejecutarse 2Ingresar al mercado inmobiliario del sector objetivo 3 Satisfacer la necesidad de viviendas en la zona de Pueblo LibreSuperar en calidad la oferta actual de unidades de vivienda para el sector socioeconómico 4 El logro de pre-venta del 30% de todas las unidades inmobiliarias 5Lograr las ventas totales en paralelo con la finalización del proyecto 6Ejecutar la obra con los Standard de productividad, calidad y seguridad
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González, Delgadillo Gabriel Gilberto. "Généalogie et famille insulaire : les unions mixtes et leurs descendants sur l’île de San Andrés, caraïbe colombienne." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE5026/document.
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Depuis quelques années, l’île colombienne de San Andrés fait beaucoup parler d’elle, particulièrement par rapport aux problèmes démographiques et la position défensive que certains de ses habitants ont adoptée face aux politiques gouvernementales. Leur position de refus contre les politiques du gouvernement central se traduit par des revendications ethniques et culturelles et par un désir d’autonomie qui s’appuie sur la nouvelle Constitution politique de 1991. Cependant, obnubilés par ce conflit politique, les travaux de recherche menés à San Andrés oublient souvent un élément important : les rapports sociaux entre les habitants insulaires. Ce travail prétend apporter un nouveau regard sur l’ethnohistoire, la mémoire et le présent des relations sociales et généalogiques de la société de San Andrés. En partant du point de vue des généalogies et de l’anthropologie de la parenté, son objectif est de comprendre les formes d’organisation sociale, culturelle et religieuse afin d’élucider le rôle et l’importance des unions mixtes et leurs descendants dans la société de San Andrés d’aujourd’hui<br>In recent years, much attention has been paid to the Colombian island of San Andrés, focusing primarily on demographic problems and the defensive posture displayed by some of the island’s residents regarding central government policies. This posturing manifests itself through ethnic and cultural identity claims and a desire for political autonomy, which are legitimated by the 1991 Constitution. However, blindsided by the idea of a political conflict, the research done on San Andrés often omits a key aspect of life on the island: the social relationships that link its inhabitants to one another. This research aims to shed a new light on the ethnohistory and memory as well as the social and genealogical relationships that shape San Andrés’s present day society. From a genealogical point of view based in kinship studies and a thorough understanding of this society’s social, cultural and religious organization, this study’s objective is to identify the role and importance of mixed relationships and their descendants on San Andrés’s society today
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Leipold, Claudia. "Our native thing : Studie zum Geschichtsbild der Sanandresanos in der kolumbianischen Karibik /." Marburg : Curupira, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb392982369.
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Kenney, Miles Douglas. "Emplacement, offset history, and recent uplift of basement within the San Andreas Fault system, Northeast San Gabriel Mountains, California /." view abstract or download file of text, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9957567.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 1999.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 251-279). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users. Address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9957567.
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Sedki, Ziad. "LiDAR and field investigation along the San Andreas Fault, San Bernardino/Cajon Pass area, Southern California." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1524159.
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<p> Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data and field observations were used to create a new tectonogeomorphic strip map along the San Andreas Fault from Wrightwood 47 km southeast to Highland. Three hundred and thirty one geomorphic features were identified and the displacements of 23 offset and deflected streams were measured using Quick Terrain Modeler (QTM). Offsets cluster around 10-50 m, and only one offset is smaller than 5 m, and a few larger offsets (100 m-200 m). </p><p> The primary purpose of this project, besides creating the strip map, was to determine how slip is transferred between the northern San Jacinto fault and Mojave-San Bernardino segments in the Cajon Pass area. Previously published slip rate data suggests slip transfer from the San Jacinto fault to the San Andreas fault between Badger Canyon and Cajon Creek at Cajon Pass area. However, there are no significant changes in offset amounts along the northern end of the San Bernardino segment, and the most likely location for slip transfer would be Cajon Pass.</p>
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Almeida, Rafael Vladimir. "Mesoscale fracture fabric and paleostress along the San Andreas fault at SAFOD." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2519.
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Gutiérrez, Juárez Aridnere. "Centro de recreación y difusión cultural para San Andrés Cholula." Thesis, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, 2004. http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lar/gutierrez_j_a/.
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Rodríguez, Wilfredo Alberto, Millán Javier Jorge Romo, Destéfano Renato Felipe Paredes, Torba Branimir, and Cubides Jorge Armando Guzmán. "Construcción de edificio multifamiliar San Andrés II en Pueblo Libre." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC. Escuela de Postgrado, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/273989.
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El objeto del presente trabajo es mostrar el desarrollo inmobiliario de un edificio multifamiliar donde se entiende que es una oportunidad de riesgo rentabilidad y puede convertirse en una actividad económica sostenible en el tiempo para un empresario con visión; asimismo el objetivo del presente trabajo es sentar las bases para el desarrollo integral de un Proyecto Inmobiliario Para ello se ha analizado el entorno macroeconómico, basándonos en datos y estudios realizados por entidades de alto prestigio como por ejemplo CAPECO
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Aguilar, Gonzáles Luis Abdón. "Plan cierre de mina en U.E.A. San Andrés – mina San Juan de la Compañía Minera Caravelí S.A.C." Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2008. http://cybertesis.uni.edu.pe/uni/2008/aguilar_gl/html/index-frames.html.
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Strauss, Becky. "Magnetic Properties of the Bishop Ash in the San Andreas Fault Borderlands." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1411725129.
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Wisely, Beth, and Beth Wisely. "Geophysical and Hydrogeologic Investigations of Two Primary Alluvial Aquifers Embedded in the Southern San Andreas Fault System: San Bernardino and Upper Coachella Valley." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12427.
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This study of alluvial aquifer basins in southern California is centered on observations of differential surface displacement and the search for the mechanisms of deformation. The San Bernardino basin and the Upper Coachella Valley aquifers are bound by range fronts and fault segments of the southern San Andreas fault system. I have worked to quantify long-term compaction in these groundwater dependent population centers with a unique synthesis of data and methodologies using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and groundwater data. My dissertation contributes to the understanding of alluvial aquifer heterogeneity and partitioning. I model hydrogeologic and tectonic interpretations of deformation where decades of overdraft conditions and ongoing aquifer development contribute to extreme rapid subsidence.
I develop the Hydrogeologic InSAR Integration (HII) method for the characterization of surface deformation in aquifer basins. The method allows for the separation of superimposed hydraulic and/or tectonic processes in operation. This formalization of InSAR and groundwater level integration provides opportunities for application in other aquifer basins where overdraft conditions may be causing permanent loss of aquifer storage capacity through compaction.
Sixteen years of SAR data for the Upper Coachella Valley exhibit rapid vertical surface displacement (#8804; 48mm/a) in sharply bound areas of the western basin margin. Using well driller logs, I categorize a generalized facies analysis of the western basin margin, describing heterogeneity of the aquifer. This allowed for assessment of the relationships between observed surface deformation and sub-surface material properties.
Providing the setting and context for the hydrogeologic evolution of California's primary aquifers, the mature San Andreas transform fault is studied extensively by a broad range of geoscientists. I present a compilation of observations of creep, line integrals across the Pacific-North America Plate Boundary, and strain tensor volumes for comparison to the Working Group 2007 (UCERF 2) seismicity-based deformation model. I find that the moment accumulation across the plate boundary is consistent with the deformation model, suggesting fault displacement observations within the plate boundary zone accurately capture the strain across the plate boundary.
This dissertation includes co-authored materials previously published, and also includes unpublished work currently under revisions for submission to a technical journal.
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Chávez, Marroquín Jorge Luis, Martínez Jessica María Dulanto, Acuña Candy Claudia Vargas, and León Alejandra Karina Larrea. "Patrimonio Histórico: Taller 7 (2015-2)." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/620863.
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Trabajo final de los alumnos de la Carrera Diseño Profesional de Interiores de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC). Curso Taller 7, ciclo 2015-2, alumnos: Vargas Acuña, Candy Claudia y Larrea León, Alejandra Karina.<br>El curso de especialidad Patrimonio Histórico de la carrera Diseño Profesional de
Interiores, de carácter teórico, está dirigido a los alumnos de séptimo ciclo y busca
desarrollar la competencia general de Ciudadanía y la competencia específica de
Diseño Multidisciplinario.
El curso está orientado al desarrollo de un proyecto de intervención en un espacio
patrimonial, el estudiante experimenta con patologías de deterioro en edificaciones
antiguas y aprende técnicas de conservación a fin de que pueda utilizarlas en su
desempeño profesional recuperando el valor de un inmueble.
Como competencia de ciudadanía el alumno adquiere su compromiso con la historia
y el patrimonio de su ciudad. El Perú tiene un importante Patrimonio cultural edificado
y requiere profesionales con formación en temas de puesta en valor y adecuación a
un nuevo uso.
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Binnie, Steven. "Deriving basin-wide denudation rates from cosmogenic radionuclides, San Bernardino Mountains, California." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/748.
Full textAbstract:
As increasing emphasis is placed upon the role surface processes play in regulating tectonic behaviour, the need for accurate measurements of denudation rate has become paramount. The quantity and quality of denudation rate studies has grown with the advent of cosmogenic radionuclide techniques, capable of recording denudation rates over timescales of 100 to 1000000 years. This study seeks to utilise cosmogenic 10Be concentrations measured in alluvial sediments in order to further develop this method and to investigate rates of basin-wide denudation in the San Bernardino Mountains, an active orogen associated with the San Andreas Fault system. The theory which underpins measurements of basin-wide denudation rates with cosmogenic radionuclide analysis is evaluated in light of recent understanding of production mechanisms. Field testing of the assumptions required by the basinwide denudation rate model highlights the importance of sampling thoroughly mixed sediments. Denudation rates ranging over three orders of magnitude are measured by applying the cosmogenic radionuclide technique in thirty-seven basins throughout the San Bernardino Mountains. Results show a relationship between denudation rate and slope which provides quantification of the threshold slope angle in high relief granitic environments and suggests tectonic activity is the first order control of denudation rates in these mountains. Mean annual precipitation is shown to exert no significant influence over the rates measured in the San Bernardino Mountains. Questions concerning denudation rates recorded over differing timespans are addressed using the cosmogenic technique, (U-Th)/He thermochronometry, incision into dated horizons and modern day sediment flux data. This comparison reveals that a decrease in rates with distance from the San Andreas Fault has been consistent throughout the lifespan of the San Bernardino Mountains and provides further evidence that a tectonic mechanism is driving denudation in this region. The relevance of both spatial and temporal scale in geomorphic studies is considered in light of these results, highlighting the need for a greater appreciation of their role in the interpretation of basin-wide denudation rates.
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Prentice, Carol S. Sieh Kerry E. "Earthquake geology of the northern San Andreas fault near Point Arena, California /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1989. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-01192007-104328.
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Rauld, Plott Rodrigo Andrés. "Deformación Cortical y Peligro Sísmico Asociado a la Falla San Ramón en el Frente Cordillerano de Santiago, Chile Central (33ºs)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2011. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/102600.
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Keighley, Bradbury Kelly. "Rock Properties and Structure Within the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) Borehold, Northwest of Parkfield, California: In Situ Observations of Rock Deformation Processes and Fluid-Rock Interactions of the San Andreas Fault Zone at ~ 3 km Depth." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1410.
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This project examines the composition, structure, and geophysical properties of rocks sampled within the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) borehole drilling experiment near Parkfield, California. Cuttings, sidewall cores, spot-core, and whole-rock core are examined from the meso- to micro-scale to characterize the nearfault environment at shallow crustal levels (0-4 km) along the central segment of the San Andreas fault. The central segment deforms by contiuous aseismic creep and microseismicity. An integrated approach utilizing core-logging, detailed structural core mapping, petrology, microstructural analyses, whole-rock geochemistry, borehole geophysics, and analog field studies is followed.
At SAFOD, fractured granitic rocks and arkosic sediments are identified west of the San Andreas fault zone on the Pacific Plate; whereas sheared fine-grained sediments, ultrafine black fault-related rocks, and serpentinite-bearing fault gouge are present within and northeast of the fault zone on the North American Plate. Here, the fault consists of a broad zone of variably damaged rock containing localized zones of highly concentrated shear that often juxtapose distinct rock-types. Two zones of serpentinite-bearing clay gouge, each meters-thick are found in two locations where active aseismic creep was identified in the borehole. The gouge is composed of Mg-rich clays, serpentinite (lizardite ± chrysotile) with notable increases in magnetite, and Fe-, Ni-, and Cr-oxides/hydroxides and Fe-sulfides relative to the surrounding host rock. Organic carbon is locally high within fractures and bounding slip surfaces. The rocks adjacent to and within the two gouge zones display a range of deformation including intensely fractured regions, blockin- matrix fabrics, and foliated cataclasite structure. The blocks and clasts predominately consist of competent sandstone and siltstone embedded in a clay-rich matrix that displays a penetrative scaly fabric. Mineral alteration, veins, fracture-surface coatings, and slickelined surfaces are present throughout the core, and reflect a long history of syndeformation and fluid-rock reaction that contributes to the low-strength and creep in the meters-thick gouge zones.
Evaluation of borehole geophysical data and elastic modulii for the lithologic and structural units identified in the SAFOD Phase 3 core reveal a correlation between composition and textures and the structural and/or permeability architecture of the SAF at SAFOD. Highly reduced velocity and elastic modulii surround the two serpentinitev bearing gouge zones, the Buzzard Canyon fault to the southwest, and another bounding fault to the northeast. Velocity and elastic moduli values on the Pacific Plate or southeast of the active fault trace intersected by SAFOD are much higher relative to the values measured on the North American Plate, or northeast of the fault trace. Within and adjacent to the two active gouge zones, the rock properties are highly variable over short distances, however, they are significantly lower relative to material outside of the fault zones.
This research contributes critical evidence for rock properties and slip behavior within an active plate boundary fault. Results from this research and the SAFOD experiment help to constrain numerous hypotheses related to fault zone behavior and earthquake generation within central California.
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Thornock, Steven Jesse. "Southward Continuation of the San Jacinto Fault Zone through and beneath the Extra and Elmore Ranch Left-Lateral Fault Arrays, Southern California." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1978.
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The Clark fault is one of the primary dextral faults in the San Jacinto fault zone system, southern California. Previous mapping of the Clark fault at its southern termination in the San Felipe Hills reveals it as a broad right lateral shear zone that ends north of the crossing, northeast-striking, left-lateral Extra fault. We investigate the relationship between the dextral Clark fault and the sinistral Extra fault to determine whether the Clark fault continues to the southeast. We present new structural, geophysical and geomorphic data that show that the Extra fault is a ~7 km wide, coordinated fault array comprised of four to six left-lateral fault zones. Active strands of the Clark fault zone persists through the Extra fault array to the Superstition Hills fault in the subsurface and rotate overlying sinistral faults in a clockwise sense. New detailed structural mapping between the San Felipe and Superstition Hills confirms that there is no continuous trace of the Clark fault zone at the surface but the fault zone has uplifted an elongate region ~950 km. sq. of latest Miocene to Pleistocene basin-fill in the field area and far outside of it. Detailed maps and cross sections of relocated microearthquakes show two earthquake swarms, one in 2007 and another in 2008 that project toward the San Felipe Hills, Tarantula Wash and Powerline strands of the dextral Clark fault zone in the San Felipe Hills, or possibly toward the parts of the Coyote Creek fault zone. We interpret two earthquake swarms as activating the San Jacinto fault zone beneath the Extra fault array. These data coupled with deformation patterns in published InSAR data sets suggest the presence of possible dextral faults at seismogenic depths that are not evident on the surface.
We present field, geophysical and structural data that demonstrate dominantly left-lateral motion across the Extra fault array with complex motion on secondary strands in damage zones. Slickenlines measured within three fault zones in the Extra fault array reveal primarily strike-slip motion on the principal fault strands. Doubly-plunging anticlines between right-stepping en echelon strands of the Extra fault zone are consistent with contraction between steps of left-lateral faults and are inconsistent with steps in dominantly normal faults. Of the 21 published focal mechanisms for earthquakes in and near the field area, all record strike-slip and only two have a significant component of extension. Although the San Sebastian Marsh area is dominated by northeast-striking leftlateral faults at the surface, the Clark fault is evident at depth beneath the field area, in rotated faults, in microseismic alignments, and deformation in the Sebastian uplift. Based on these data the Clark fault zone appears to be continuous at depth to the Superstition Hills fault, as Fialko (2006) hypothesized with more limited data sets.
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Forand, David H. "Examination of Deformation in Crystalline Rock From Strike-Slip Faults in Two Locations, Southern California." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/683.
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Damage zones adjacent to or associated with faults are important to the geologic community because of their implications to hazards and their ability to preserve evidence for, and show history of, slip, fluid flow, and deformation associated with large strike-slip faults. We examine two fault zones in southern California where fault zone damage is expressed. We revisit the drilled crystalline core from the Cajon Pass California drill hole, 4 km northeast of the San Andreas fault (SAF), and 1 km north of the Cleghorn fault, to perform a systematic structural analysis of deformation and alteration associated with strike-slip faulting at the site. The core preserved 19 fault zones, 11 of which were not previously identified. The most significant fault is a fully intact steep-dipping fault zone at 3,402 m depth with potassium feldspar and epidote alteration. This fault correlates well with the nearby left-lateral Cleghorn fault. The extent of deformation varies within the core, and is controlled by the size of the fault zones intersected by the core. The extent of deformation varies and is controlled by the size of the faults the core intersected. We also examined the nature of right separation across the Clark fault damage zone along the Santa Rosa segment using a marker assemblage of biotite, hornblende-bearing tonalite - marble - bearing metasedimentary rocks - migmatite located in Coyote Mountain and the southeast Santa Rosa Mountains. Separation measured from this study is 16.8 km + 3.67 km / -6.03 km. Our measurement uses the updated location of the Clark fault in Clark Lake Valley and matches a distinctive lithologic contact across the fault instead of matching the diffuse western boundary of the Eastern Peninsular mylonite zone as previously used. We calculate the errors associated with projecting the contacts across Quaternary cover to the trace of the Clark fault, and consider a range of projections. Additional strain may have been accommodated in folds and small faults within the damage zone of the San Jacinto fault zone. Two large map-scale folds deform the marker assemblage near the San Jacinto fault zone and we tested whether Cretaceous ductile deformation or brittle late Quaternary right slip produced the folds.
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Popov, Anton. "Three-dimensional thermo-mechanical modeling of deformation at plate boundaries : case study San Andreas Fault System." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3187/.
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It has always been enigmatic which processes control the accretion of the North American terranes towards the Pacific plate and the landward migration of the San Andreas plate boundary. One of the theories suggests that the Pacific plate first cools and captures the uprising mantle in the slab window, and then it causes the accretion of the continental crustal blocks. The alternative theory attributes the accretion to the capture of Farallon plate fragments (microplates) stalled in the ceased Farallon-North America subduction zone. Quantitative judgement between these two end-member concepts requires a 3D thermomechanical numerical modeling. However, the software tool required for such modeling is not available at present in the geodynamic modeling community.
The major aim of the presented work is comprised basically of two interconnected tasks. The first task is the development and testing of the research Finite Element code with sufficiently advanced facilities to perform the three-dimensional geological time scale simulations of lithospheric deformation. The second task consists in the application of the developed tool to the Neogene deformations of the crust and the mantle along the San Andreas Fault System in Central and northern California.
The geological time scale modeling of lithospheric deformation poses numerous conceptual and implementation challenges for the software tools. Among them is the necessity to handle the brittle-ductile transition within the single computational domain, adequately represent the rock rheology in a broad range of temperatures and stresses, and resolve the extreme deformations of the free surface and internal boundaries. In the framework of this thesis the new Finite Element code (SLIM3D) has been successfully developed and tested. This code includes a coupled thermo-mechanical treatment of deformation processes and allows for an elasto-visco-plastic rheology with diffusion, dislocation and Peierls creep mechanisms and Mohr-Coulomb plasticity. The code incorporates an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation with free surface and Winkler boundary conditions.
The modeling technique developed is used to study the aspects influencing the Neogene lithospheric deformation in central and northern California. The model setup is focused on the interaction between three major tectonic elements in the region: the North America plate, the Pacific plate and the Gorda plate, which join together near the Mendocino Triple Junction. Among the modeled effects is the influence of asthenosphere upwelling in the opening slab window on the overlying North American plate. The models also incorporate the captured microplate remnants in the fossil Farallon subduction zone, simplified subducting Gorda slab, and prominent crustal heterogeneity such as the Salinian block.
The results show that heating of the mantle roots beneath the older fault zones and the transpression related to fault stepping, altogether, render cooling in the slab window alone incapable to explain eastward migration of the plate boundary. From the viewpoint of the thermomechanical modeling, the results confirm the geological concept, which assumes that a series of microplate capture events has been the primary reason of the inland migration of the San Andreas plate boundary over the recent 20 Ma. The remnants of the Farallon slab, stalled in the fossil subduction zone, create much stronger heterogeneity in the mantle than the cooling of the uprising asthenosphere, providing the more efficient and direct way for transferring the North American terranes to Pacific plate.
The models demonstrate that a high effective friction coefficient on major faults fails to predict the distinct zones of strain localization in the brittle crust. The magnitude of friction coefficient inferred from the modeling is about 0.075, which is far less than typical values 0.6 – 0.8 obtained by variety of borehole stress measurements and laboratory data. Therefore, the model results presented in this thesis provide additional independent constrain which supports the “weak-fault” hypothesis in the long-term ongoing debate over the strength of major faults in the SAFS.<br>Seit jeher rätselhaft sind die Prozesse, die die Akkretion der Nordamerikanischen Terranen in Richtung der Pazifischen Platte sowie die Wanderung der Plattengrenze der San-Andreas-Verwerfung in Richtung Festland bestimmen. Eine Theorie besagt, dass sich die Pazifische Platte erst abkühlt und den aufsteigenden Mantel im „Slab Window“ fängt und somit die Akkretion der kontinentalen Krustenblöcke bewirkt. Die andere Theorie geht von einer Akkretion durch das Fangen von Teilen der Farallon-Platte (Mikroplatten) aus, die in der inaktiven nordamerikanischen Farallon-Subduktionszone fest stecken. Die quantitative Beurteilung dieser beiden gegensätzlichen Konzepte erfordert eine thermomechanische numerische 3-D-Modellierung. Das dafür benötigte Software Tool steht jedoch der geodynamischen Modellierung derzeit noch nicht zur Verfügung.
Das Hauptziel der vorliegenden Arbeit umfasst im Wesentlichen zwei miteinander verbundene Aufgaben. Die erste besteht in der Entwicklung und Erprobung des Finite-Element-Codes, dessen Eigenschaften den hohen Anforderungen an die Ausführung der dreidimensionalen Simulationen lithosphärischer Deformation auf geologischer Zeitskala gerecht werden müssen. Die zweite Aufgabe ist die Anwendung des entwickelten Tools auf die neogenen Deformationen der Kruste und des Mantels entlang der San-Andreas-Verwerfung in Zentral- und Nordkalifornien.
Die Modellierung auf geologischer Zeitskala lithosphärischer Deformation bringt für die Software Tools in Bezug auf Konzept und Durchführung zahlreiche Herausforderungen mit sich. Unter anderem gilt es, den Brittle-Ductile-Übergang in einem einzigen Modell sowie die Gesteinsrheologie in einer breiten Spanne unterschiedlicher Temperaturen und Spannungen adäquat darzustellen und die extremen Deformationen der freien Oberfläche und internen Grenzen aufzulösen. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit erfolgte die erfolgreiche Entwicklung und Erprobung des neuen Finite-Element-Codes (SLIM3D). Dieser Code beinhaltet eine gekoppelte thermomechanische Behandlung von Deformationsprozessen und ermöglicht eine elasto-visko-plastische Rheologie mit Diffusion, Dislokation, Peierls Kriechmechanismen und Mohr-Coulomb-Plastizität. Der Code verbindet eine Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian kinematische Formulierung mit freien Oberflächen- und Winkler-Randbedingungen.
Das entwickelte Modellierungsverfahren wird für die Untersuchung der Aspekte verwendet, die die neogene lithosphärische Deformation in Zentral- und Nordkalifornien beeinflussen. Die Modellanordnung konzentriert sich auf die Interaktion zwischen drei großen tektonischen Elementen in dieser Region: die Nordamerikanische Platte, die Pazifische Platte sowie die Gorda-Platte, die sich in der Mendocino-Triple-Junction treffen. Unter anderem verdeutlicht die Modellierung den Einfluss des Aufsteigens der Asthenosphäre in das sich öffnende „slab window“ der übergelagerten Nordamerikanischen Platte. Die Modelle beziehen auch die angelagerten Überreste der Mikroplatten in der fossilen Farallon-Subduktionszone, die vereinfachte subduzierende Gorda-Platte sowie markante Heterogenitäten der Kruste, wie beispielsweise den „Salinian Block“, mit ein.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Erwärmung der Mantellithosphäre unter den älteren Störungszonen sowie die Transpression eine Abkühlung im „Slab Window“ als alleinige Begründung für die Ostwärtsbewegung der Plattengrenze nicht zulassen. Aus Sicht der thermomechanischen Modellierung bestätigen die Ergebnisse das geologische Konzept, welches durch das mehrmalige Fangen von Mikroplatten den Hauptgrund für die Wanderung der Plattengrenze der San-Andreas-Verwerfung in Richtung Festland über die letzten 20 Millionen Jahre sieht. Die Überreste der Farallon-Platte, die in der fossilen Subduktionszone gefangen sind, verursachen im Mantel eine wesentlich stärkere Heterogenität als die Abkühlung der Asthenosphäre und stellen somit den effizienteren und direkteren Weg für die Anlagerung der nordamerikanischen Gebiete an die Pazifische Platte dar.
Die Modelle demonstrieren, dass ein hoher effektiver Reibungskoeffizient an großen Störungen nicht in der Lage ist, die eindeutigen Zonen der Dehnungslokalisierung in der spröden Kruste vorherzusagen. Die Größe des Reibungskoeffizienten, die sich aus der Modellierung ableitet, beträgt etwa 0,075 und ist damit wesentlich kleiner als die durch unterschiedliche Bohrlochmessungen und Labordaten ermittelten Spannungswerte zwischen 0,6 und 0,8. Daher liefern die in dieser Arbeit präsentierten Ergebnisse der Modelle in der seit langem geführten Debatte über die Stärke von großen Störungen in der San-Andreas-Verwerfung eine zusätzliche unabhängige Begründung der „Weak-Fault“-Hypothese.
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Fisher, Eric Alan. "Cellular Seismology Analysis of the Western United States: Comparing and Contrasting the San Andreas Transform Zone, the Cascadia Subduction Zone, and the Western Intraplate Hinterland Region." Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107402.
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Thesis advisor: Alan Kafka<br>Thesis advisor: Seth Kruckenberg<br>The western United States (WUS) is an area of high seismic activity. The Juan de Fuca, Pacific, and North American plates all meet in this area, resulting in zones of subduction and strike-slip faulting, as well as other styles of faulting, all of which make it prone to frequent, as well as large magnitude earthquakes. In this study the WUS encompasses the area between 30° to 52°N and 110° to 131°W. The diverse seismicity and tectonics of the area makes the study of seismo-tectonic processes in the WUS important not only in terms of basic geoscience, but also in terms of earthquake hazards. Understanding earthquake processes in this region is critical because of the potential for devastating earthquakes to occur along the Pacific-Juan de Fuca-North American plate boundary system. Large WUS earthquakes do not, however, only occur along these plate boundaries. They can also happen in intraplate environments within the WUS. The WUS includes three distinct tectonic regions for which this study compares and contrasts characteristics of seismic activity: the Cascadia subduction region, the San Andreas strike-slip region, and a continental extension/intraplate region to the east of the major plate boundaries referred to here as the “Western Intraplate Hinterland Region”. To help make these comparisons, the method of “Cellular Seismology” (CS; Kafka, 2002, 2007), is used here to investigate similarities and differences in the extent to which past earthquakes delineate zones where future earthquakes are likely to occur in the WUS and its various tectonic sub-regions. The results of this study show that while there seems to be a “signal” of CS predictability being dependent on tectonic region, that signal is subtle in most cases, meaning that there is not a significant difference in the level of CS predictability between the regions stated here. This means we can apply CS predictability studies widely across different regions, however, it also counterintuitively suggests that tectonic understanding of a region does not necessarily elucidate how well past seismicity predicts spatial patterns of earthquakes in a region
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Zhang, Hongwei Niemi Tina M. "Paleoseismic studies of the northern San Andreas Fault at Vedanta marsh site, Olema, California." Diss., UMK access, 2005.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Geosciences and School of Computing and Engineering. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2005.<br>"A dissertation in geosciences and computer networking." Advisor: Tina M. Niemi. Typescript. Vita. Description based on contents viewed Mar. 12, 2007; title from "catalog record" of the print edition. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 331-341). Online version of the print edition.
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Spotila, James A. Sieh Kerry E. Sieh Kerry E. "The neotectonics of the San Bernardino Mountains and adjacent San Andreas Fault : a case study of uplift associated with strike-slip fault systems /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1999. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-10232007-155443.
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Thiderström, Erica. "Vädermärken och andra påståenden om vädret- sant eller falskt?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-303864.
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Undersökningar gällande vädermärken i bondepraktikan och andra förutfattade meningar om olika vädersituationer har gjorts. Temperatur- och nederbördsserier från Stensele, Östersund, Falun, Uppsala, Stockholm (endast temperatur), Karlstad, Linköping och Växjö har använts. Den första studien bestod i att undersöka om det stämmer när man säger att det alltid är dåligt väder på helgen. Utgångspunkten för den undersökningen var beräkning av temperatur– och nederbördsdifferens mellan vardag och helg. Det resulterade i att temperaturen är lägre på helgerna än på vardagarna och en 95% signifikansnivå uppnåddes för Uppsalas och Stockholms serier. Nederbörden gav ingen signal till att det skulle vara mer nederbörd på vardagar eller på helger. Med hjälp av ett Gaussviktat medelvärde, som beräknades för tiden 1739-2003 för Uppsalas serie och 1756-2003 för Stockholms serie, fick man även fram resultatet att både vardagar och helger har en temperaturökning, men det är vardagarna som ökar mest. Det var endast lutningen på regressionslinjerna för Stockholms serie som uppnådde signifikansnivån 95%. Temperatur- och nederbördsdifferensen mellan var och en av veckodagarna undersöktes och man ser en tydlig trend att tisdagar är varmare än helger. Efter upprepade signifikanstester uppnådde temperaturdifferensen mellan tisdag och söndag för Uppsala och Stockholm en signifikansnivå på 95% respektive 90%. En möjlig förklaring till differensen kan vara antalet partiklar i luften som ökar på vardagarna. Två andra studier bestod i att undersöka tillförlitligheten hos vädermärken från bondepraktikan. Anders braskar julen slaskar är den ena och undersökningen visar att man inte kan ge en bra prognos hur julen ska bli om man vet hur temperaturen på Andersdagen har varit. Däremot ger det en bättre prognos om man går efter hur det statistiskt sett egentligen blir på julaftonen. Det andra vädermärket är fruntimmersveckan och enligt bondepraktikan ska regna under den veckan. En jämförelse har gjorts med två veckor före och två veckor efter. Resultatet gav att även om fruntimmersveckan är regnig, så regnar det inte mer då än veckorna runtomkring. Juli och augusti är den nederbördsrikaste perioden på året och de fem undersökta veckorna ligger just vid den perioden. I den sista studien undersöktes månens påverkan på vårt klimat och väder, vilket en del forskare hävdar att den gör. En undersökning av nederbördsmängdens påverkan av månens faser har gjorts. Resultatet gav att det finns en svag signal att nederbördsmängden är större vid fullmånen. Men spridningen mellan de enskilda dagarna är ganska stor och standardavvikelsen så pass stor att variationen med månens faser får anses insignifikanta.<br>A study has been done concerning weather marks and other preconceived notions about weather situations. Measurements of temperature and precipitation have been used from Stensele, Östersund, Falun, Uppsala, Stockholm (only temperature), Karlstad, Linköping and Växjö. The first study was to investigate if it is truly bad weather on weekends. First the difference between weekday and weekend from the temperature- and the precipitation series was calculated. The result showed that the temperature is lower on weekend than on weekdays and a 95% signification level was reached for the Uppsala and the Stockholm series. The precipitation did not show any signal that it should be more precipitation on weekdays than on weekends or the other way around. A Gaussian average was calculated for the Uppsala and the Stockholm series and the result showed that both weekdays and weekends have an increase in temperature, but it is weekdays that have the largest increase. The trend for the Stockholm series was found to be significant on the 95% level. The difference in temperature and precipitation between different days of the week was investigated and it was found that Tuesdays are warmer than weekends. After correction of multiple signification tests the temperature difference between Tuesday and Sunday for the Uppsala series and for the Stockholm series reached a 95% and 90% signification level, respectively. A possible explanation to the difference could be the increasing amount of particles in the air on the weekdays. Two other studies were to investigate weather marks and their reliability. If it’s cold on the 30 November then Christmas will be warm is one of the weather mark. The study showed that it is not possible to predict how the temperature on Christmas will be if you know the temperature on the 30 November. On the other hand it gives a better forecast if you statistically look how the temperature at Christmas has been during the years. The second weather mark is the ladies’ week and it is said that it will rain during this week. A comparison has been performed with two weeks before and two weeks after. The result showed that even if the ladies’ week is rainy it doesn’t rain more than the weeks before and after. July and August are months that have most precipitation during the year and the five weeks in the study are situated within in that period. The last study has been done to investigate if the phases of the moon affect the precipitation, which some scientist claim it does. A weak signal is shown in the results that it could be more precipitation when it is full moon. The variation between the different days is quite large and the standard deviation is large enough so the variation with the phases of the moon has to be considered insignificant.
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Thomas, Malcolm D. "Refraction Microtremor Analysis of Areas Surrounding California State University San Bernardino." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/120.
Full textAbstract:
The San Andreas Fault stretches for over 800 miles through California. Along the foothills of the San Bernardino Mountains, areas in close proximity to the San Andreas Fault Zone may be subject to site amplification of ground motion caused by seismic activity via wave propagation through the subsurface. These seismic hazards are being addressed via the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Faulting Zone Act and the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP). Shear wave velocity of the subsurface has served as a proxy for ground motion amplification and is therefore a useful parameter to help analyze and reduce seismic hazards. Low shear wave velocities of the subsurface have been known to correlate with higher amplitude ground motion. This study focuses on refraction microtremor analysis (ReMi) of the subsurface in Northern San Bernardino; more specifically, areas encompassing California State University San Bernardino, in close proximity to the San Andreas Fault. The technique will resolve shear wave velocity values for the top 30 meters (Vs30) of the subsurface. This depth of investigation has proven to be an effective means in determining subsurface conditions. ReMi profiles were situated 0.25 to 2.0 miles away from the San Andreas Fault, and in some instances, strategically positioned next to housing developments and structures. Phase velocity dispersion curves were generated by processing ReMi seismic data and subsequently inverted to attain average shear wave velocity profiles with depth. The geologic units in the study area consist of very young wash deposits, young alluvial fan deposits and Pelonist schist deposits. These geologic units may be an indicator to how seismic waves behave in subsurface lithology. To highlight differences in Vs30 values across the project area, a microzonation map was constructed.
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Mosher, Stephen. "P-Wave Study of the San Andreas Fault Near Parkfield, CA, from Ambient Noise Interferometry of Borehole Seismic Data." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35375.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis, we investigate and develop the optimal data processing procedures necessary to recover Green’s functions for body waves propagating among a network of borehole seismometers near Parkfield, CA. Applying these procedures, we detect P-waves propagating among these stations, which allows us to produce a first-order crustal velocity model for the San Andreas Fault in the Parkfield region. We also discuss under what conditions body wave phenomena such as reflections and mode conversions (P to S) may be observed, as further observing these would provide a dramatic improvement in our ability to characterize seismic velocity structures. Finally, we discuss the potential of seismic interferometry to produce time-lapse body wave characterizations of the San Andreas Fault, in which properties of the fault can be seen to change in time.
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Bedrosian, Paul Andrew. "Electromagnetic imaging of active fault zones /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9791.
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Spinler, Joshua C. "Investigating Crustal Deformation Associated With The North America-Pacific Plate Boundary In Southern California With GPS Geodesy." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/332879.
Full textAbstract:
The three largest earthquakes in the last 25 years in southern California occurred on faults located adjacent to the southern San Andreas fault, with the M7.3 1992 Landers and M7.1 1999 Hector Mine earthquakes occurring in the eastern California shear zone (ECSZ) in the Mojave Desert, and the M7.2 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake occurring along the Laguna Salada fault in northern Baja California, Mexico. The locations of these events near to but not along the southern San Andreas fault (SSAF) is unusual in that the last major event on the SSAF occurred more than 300 years ago, with an estimated recurrence interval of 215± 25 years. The focus of this dissertation is to address the present-day deformation field along the North America-Pacific plate boundary in southern California and northern Baja California, through the analysis of GPS data, and elastic block and viscoelastic earthquake models to determine fault slip rates and rheological properties of the lithosphere in the plate boundary zone. We accomplish this in three separate studies. The first study looks at how strain is partitioned northwards along-strike from the southern San Andreas fault near the Salton Sea. We find that estimates for slip-rates on the southern San Andreas decrease from ~23 mm/yr in the south to ~8 mm/yr as the fault passes through San Gorgonio Pass to the northwest, while ~13-18 mm/yr of slip is partitioned onto NW-SE trending faults of the ECSZ where the Landers and Hector Mine earthquakes occurred. This speaks directly to San Andreas earthquake hazards, as a reduction in the slip rate would require greater time between events to build up enough slip deficit in order to generate a large magnitude earthquake. The second study focuses on inferring the rheological structure beneath the Salton Trough region. This is accomplished through analysis of postseismic deformation observed using a set of the GPS data collected before and after the 2010 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake. By determining the slip-rates on each of the major crustal faults prior to the earthquake, we are able to model the pre-earthquake velocity field for comparison with velocities measured using sites constructed post-earthquake. We then determine how individual site velocities have changed in the 3 years following the earthquake, with implications for the rate at which the lower crust and upper mantle viscously relax through time. We find that the viscosity of the lower crust is at least an order of magnitude higher than that of the uppermost mantle, and hypothesize that this is due to mafic material emplaced at the base of the crust as the spreading center developed beneath the Salton Trough since about 6 Ma. The final study investigates crustal deformation and fault slip rates for faults in the northern Mojave and southern Walker Lane regions of the ECSZ. Previous geodetic studies estimated slip-rates roughly double those inferred via geological dating methods in this region for NW striking strike-slip faults, but significantly smaller than geologic estimates for the Garlock fault. Through construction of a detailed elastic block model, which selects only active fault structures, and applying a new, dense GPS velocity field in this region, we are able to estimate slip-rates for the strike-slip faults in the ECSZ that are much closer to those reported from geology.
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Horstmann, Tobias [Verfasser], and F. [Akademischer Betreuer] Wenzel. "Analysis of tremor at the San Andreas Fault at Parkfield / Tobias Horstmann. Betreuer: F. Wenzel." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1047383543/34.
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Talavera, Sánchez Gloria. "Riesgo y vulnerabilidad por inundaciones. Caso de estudio: Conjunto urbano San Andrés, Municipio de Calimaya." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/98631.
Full textAbstract:
Separando a las inundaciones en “pluviales y fluviales”, donde las primeras, según
CENAPRED, son consecuencia de la precipitación, se presentan cuando el terreno
se ha saturado y el agua de lluvia excedente comienza a acumularse. Pudiendo
permanecer horas o días, hasta que se evapore y el terreno recupere su capacidad
de infiltración. Mientras que las inundaciones fluviales se generan cuando el agua
que se desborda de los ríos queda sobre la superficie de terreno cercano a ellos
(CENAPRED, 2009)
El crecimiento desmesurado en áreas de inundación, marca una pauta en la
construcción de las diferentes ciudades y/o comunidades del país, teniendo como
supuesto esta forma de urbanizar los nuevos territorios tanto en suelo resistente,
como por aquellos rodeados por agua; dicho proceso se refiere al proceso de
urbanización.<br>El asentamiento humano sobre cuerpos de agua en México tiene su antecedente
en el establecimiento de algunas culturas mesoamericanas en nuestro territorio; uno
de ellos es el asentamiento sobre el Sistema lacustre de la cuenca del Valle de
México donde se encuentra la actual Ciudad de México, lo que marca un
antecedente y predisposición al establecimiento de nuevos territorios en áreas no
urbanizables debido a las reacciones naturales y el riesgo hidro-meteorológico que
presentan los cuerpos de agua como las inundaciones por el incremento del nivel
de aguas pluviales y fluviales.
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Deheza, Méndez Rogelio, and Delgado Rubén Rafael Mata. "Diseño de software interactivo para difundir cultura (caso específico San Andrés Azumiatla, Estado de Puebla)." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/99968.
Full textAbstract:
El Gobierno del Estado de Puebla, publico una convocatoria en su portal, el 15 de Agosto de 2010, para realizar un proyecto con el objetivo de rescatar el carácter multicultural de la actual ciudad de Puebla, bajo un gobierno local que protege, salvaguarda y promueve la cultura, el desarrollo, la identidad y la lengua de los grupos originarios que la habitan.
Motivados en realización de este proyecto, que consiste en el rescate cultural, generar espacios de participación y expresión intercultural, Inclusión alternativas de desarrollo y difusión histórica y cultural, el cual ha sido denominado “Puebla Ciudad Intercultural”
Esta investigación será aplicada en caso específico a la difusión histórica y cultural por lo cual nos daremos a la tarea de recabar la información necesaria para diseñar un software ameno para los usuarios que así lo deseen, estén interesados en plasmar sus tradiciones, valores, etc. y lo puedan realizar sin ningún inconveniente.
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Dillehay, Tom D. "La organización dual en los Andes. El problema y la metodología de investigación en el caso de San Luis, Zaña." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113466.
Full textAbstract:
Dual Organization in the Andes. The Problem and Research Methodology at San Luis Site, ZañaThis paper presents the preliminary results of archaeological research at San Luis Site, Zaña Valley, in the Peruvian north coast. The concept of dualism in the Central Andes is analyzed in the context of the associations and material distributions like ceramics, lithics and burned zones. This work will help to determine ritual activities in the study of analogous phenomena in other sites satisfactorily not yet defined.<br>Este trabajo presenta los resultados preliminares de investigaciones arqueológicas en el sitio monumental de San Luis, en el valle de Zaña. Basándose en las asociaciones y distribuciones de material, se analiza el concepto de dualismo manejado en los Andes Centrales. A partir del análisis de la distribución de cerámica, líticos y otros materiales así como zonas quemadas, este enfoque permite la interpretación de actividades rituales y ayudará en el estudio de fenómenos comparables que aún faltan en su precisión debida.
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Troncoso, Castro Miguel. "Evidencia geomorfológica de neotectónica en el borde oriental de la depresión Los Andes - San Felipe, Provincia de Los Andes, Región de Valparaíso." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/132145.
Full textAbstract:
Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Geología<br>El estudio geológico sobre peligros sísmicos es de interés científico debido al impacto que tienen sobre la población. En Chile, la expresión de la interacción entre las placas de Nazca y Sudamericana, en partes someras de la corteza, es representada por la ocurrencia de sismos superficiales. Al respecto, estudios recientes sobre la evolución neotectónica de la Falla San Ramón, determinaron peligro sísmico para la ciudad de Santiago. Hacia el norte es posible prolongar el rumbo de esta falla hasta la Zona de Falla Pocuro y el borde oriental de la Depresión Los Andes San Felipe, lo que justificó un estudio en detalle de esta zona. Las últimas investigaciones han limitado la actividad principal de la Zona de Falla Pocuro para períodos premiocénicos. Sin embargo, nuevos estudios en el borde oriental de la Depresión Los Andes - San Felipe, muestran evidencia de deformación reciente en el sector, sobre esta zona de falla. Por lo anterior, con el objetivo de precisar el comportamiento de esta estructura, se estableció la historia geomorfológica del sector y su relación con la actividad tectónica reciente.
Para esto se usaron diversas metodologías, como campañas de terreno para la descripción morfológica y estructural del área estudiada, revisión e interpretación de fotos aéreas -con el objeto de identificar unidades y marcadores geomorfológicos- y elaboración de mapas que reunieran los hallazgos. También se llevó a cabo un análisis morfométrico de la red de drenaje de la cuenca del río Aconcagua, y un estudio morfológico de las terrazas entre su salida al valle y el cerro Tapihue. Se trabajó, además, con datos y perfiles de las quebradas del borde oriental de la depresión, obtenidos mediante GPS diferencial y RiverTools, con el objeto de determinar knickzones que evidenciarían la traza de una falla en el sector.
Los resultados de esta investigación indican actividad cuaternaria en la zona, pues existe una falla inversa, la Falla Cariño Botado, la cual bascula depósitos aluviales y monta rocas de la Formación Abanico sobre ellos. Además, existen knickzones alineados sobre la traza de la Zona de Falla Pocuro, y un extenso escarpe de falla que coincide con la falla inversa mencionada. Por otro lado, existe un antiforme sobre el pedimento de la Pampa Bypass, que indicaría actividad tectónica posterior a la pedimentación. Y por último, un sector de bajo índice de sinuosidad (IS) en el thalweg del río Aconcagua evidenciaría una deformación alineada con la Zona de Falla Pocuro. Esta perturbación es la más reciente y es posterior a la formación de las terrazas fluviales, lo que implicaría actividad durante el Cuaternario.
Dado que la Zona de Falla Pocuro ha sido descrita como una falla normal y que la Falla Cariño Botado es una falla inversa con vergencia al oeste, se concluye que ambas estructuras son distintas. La Falla Cariño Botado, se emplaza sobre la Zona de Falla Pocuro, utilizando sectores debilitados por su actividad premiocénica. Es por lo tanto una falla activa que formaría parte de un sistema imbricado de vergencia oeste, donde una falla más al oeste, la Falla San Esteban, deformaría la depresión Los Andes - San Felipe, generando depresiones tectónicas.
En definitiva, el borde oriental de la Depresión Los Andes - San Felipe, es un frente tectónicamente activo, con evidencia de actividad cuaternaria de la Falla Cariño Botado, cuyos eventos sísmicos se estiman del orden de Mw ~ 6,0 a 6,5.
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Rodríguez, Manrique Marisol. "La musique comme valeur sociale et symbole identitaire : l'exemple d'une communauté afro-anglaise en Colombie, Île de Providence /." Paris : l'Harmattan, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb412445918.
Full textAbstract:
Ph. D.--Ethnomusicologie--Université de Montréal, 2007. Titre de soutenance : Construction identitaire à travers la musique et les habitudes d'écoute : le cas d'une communauté anglo-africaine de la Caraïbe hispanophone.<br>En appendice, choix de textes et documents. Bibliogr. p. 337-355. Discogr. p. 356-357. Vidéogr. p. 357-358. Webliogr. p. 358-359.
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Ely, Geoffrey Palarz. "A method for dynamic earthquake rupture simulation with applications to a large Southern San Andreas scenario." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3303629.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.<br>Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 12, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Babb, Alexander. "Tidal Sensitivity of Low-Frequency Earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault - Analysis of a Declustered Catalog." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/24537.
Full textAbstract:
Low frequency earthquakes (LFEs) are detected at depths of 16-30 km on a 150 km section of the San Andreas Fault (SAF) centered at Parkfield, CA. The LFEs are divided into 88 families based on waveform similarity. In continuous families a burst of a few LFE events recurs every few days while episodic families experience essentially quiescent periods often lasting months followed by bursts of hundreds of events over a few days. The occurrence of LFEs has also been shown to be sensitive to extremely small (~1 kPa) tidal stress perturbations. However, the clustered nature of LFE occurrence could potentially bias estimates of tidal sensitivity. Here we re-evaluate the tidal sensitivity of LFE families on the deep San Andreas using a declustered catalog. Declustered LFE families are still highly sensitive to primarily right-lateral shear stress (RLSS) and to a lesser extent fault normal stress (FNS).
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McNabb, James. "Stratigraphic Record of Pliocene-Pleistocene Basin Evolution and Deformation Along the San Andreas Fault, Mecca Hills, California." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/17891.
Full textAbstract:
Sedimentary rocks in the Mecca Hills record a 3-4 Myr history of basin evolution and deformation within the southern San Andreas fault (SAF) zone. Detailed geologic mapping, measured sections, lithofacies analysis, and preliminary paleomagnetic data indicate that sedimentation and deformation in the Mecca Hills resulted from evolution of local fault zone complexities superimposed on regional subsidence and uplift. Sediment was derived from sources northeast of the SAF and transported southeast along the fault zone in large rivers, alluvial fans, and a smaller fault-bounded lake. Inversion of the Painted Canyon fault from oblique SW-side down to SW-side up slip was the main control on local deposition and deformation. Regional controls are suggested by an angular unconformity observed in the Mecca and Indio Hills along ~50 km of the SAF and synchronous post-740 ka uplift northeast of the SAF along ~80 km of the fault zone.
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Hislop, Ann. "FAULT EVOLUTION IN THE NORTHWEST LITTLE SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA: A REFLECTION OF TECTONIC LINKAGE BETWEEN THE SAN ANDREAS FAULT AND THE EASTERN CALIFORNIA SHEAR ZONE." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ees_etds/63.
Full textAbstract:
The Little San Bernardino Mountains (LSBM) Fault Set are N-S dextral faults, east of the restraining bend of the San Andreas Fault (SAF) in southern California, that may form a tectonic linkage between the SAF and the Eastern California Shear Zone. The NW LSBM are a complexly deformed structural domain characterized by the young N-S dextral faults and older NW-oriented Dillon Shear Zone faults. Before the 1992 Joshua Tree (Mw 6.1) and Landers (Mw 7.3) earthquakes, the rugged NW LSBM was the subject of few geologic studies. This bedrock mapping study has further delineated the geometry, distribution, and relative chronology of brittle structures. A 2015 NCALM award of 51 km2 of lidar imagery on Eureka Peak Fault was used to correct fault locations.
Bedrock mapping in the epicentral areas of the 1992 Joshua Tree earthquake on Eureka Peak Fault and Landers aftershocks (Mw 5.7, 5.8) focused on the brittle structures of the evolving fault systems and potential connections with historic seismicity. The N-S dextral fault offsets from west to east are; Long Canyon (470 m), Wide Canyon (~150- 340 m), Eureka Peak (~ 225 m), California Riding Trail (850-965 m) and Deerhorn (105 m) faults with a cumulative offset of approximately 2 km. Dolomitic marble, clinopyroxene-hornblende skarn, garnet-epidote skarn and gabbro-diorite intruded by monzogranite are key lithologies used in determining offsets. Joshua Tree Fault, defined by seismicity by Kaven and Pollard (2013) is supported by additional mapped fault data. A “new” fault (Black Rock Canyon) links Wide Canyon and northern Eureka Peak faults. The distribution of aftershock seismicity plotted by depth and latitude along the N-S faults, a prominent broad seismicity trend and bedrock mapping are all consistent with interpreting the N-S faults as an incipient set of faults developing upward from a deeper through-going crustal shear zone. The seismicity since the onset of the Joshua Tree- Landers earthquake sequence on April 23, 1992, forms two distinct trends. Temporally these two trends occurred in sequence; first a N-propagating trend April 23- mid-June along Joshua Tree Fault from the Joshua Tree earthquake epicenter to north of the Pinto Mountain Fault, and secondly a prominent SE trend of Landers aftershocks (including Mw 5.7, 5.8) June 28 onwards, from the Landers earthquake epicenter, along Eureka Peak Fault to the SAF.
AFT and (U-Th)/He thermochronology indicate an abrupt boundary on Long Canyon Fault between rapid uplift within ~ 12 km of the SAF and slower uplift more than 12 km north. This boundary is projected along the Dillon Shear Zone structural grain to the 1992 Joshua Tree earthquake epicenter on southern Eureka Peak Fault, dividing the N-striking faults into northern and southern domains. The 14.7 km hypocentral depth of the Joshua Tree earthquake coincides roughly with the depth of the NE dipping SAF intersection with Eureka Peak Fault, forming a hypothesized flower structure which is consistent with rapid uplift of the LSBM escarpment near the SAF.
The LSBM Fault Set may be initiated by the upward migration of a through-going mid-crustal break and eastern migration of the current SAF trace bypassing the Big Bend slip impediment. Eureka Peak Fault with a slip rate of 10-20 mm/yr, is the proposed structure tectonically linking the SAF and the Eastern California Shear Zone.