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Journal articles on the topic 'Sanctions (Law) – European Union countries'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Karliuha, Y. K. "Problematic aspects of the realization of economic sanctions in the European Union." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 4, no. 85 (2024): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.85.4.36.

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The article addresses the realization of economic sanctions, which have become one of the key instruments for ensuring compliance with international law, given the inability of the United Nations Security Council—paralyzed by Russia’s veto power—to fulfill its primary role of maintaining international peace and security. Particular attention is given to the realization of economic sanctions in the European Union (EU), which, alongside the United States, currently serves as a leading proponent of these coercive measures. The focus on the EU is explained by Ukraine’s aspirations for EU membershi

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Ketners, Karlis. "Suspension of budgetary funding for certain EU countries: Legality and prospects for improving the Union's organisational discipline." FOREIGN AFFAIRS 34, no. 5 (2024): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.46493/2663-2675.34(5).2024.82.

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The cessation of budgetary allocations for specific EU nations to uphold the rule of law is especially pertinent amid the escalating values crisis in certain member states. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and effectiveness of financial sanctions for maintaining organisational discipline in the European Union and to outline the potential for improving the systems. The research utilized the comparative legal technique, critical analysis of European Union rules and official documents, and structural-functional analysis of institutional systems for upholding the law. The research

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Timofeyeva, Liliya. "EUROPEAN INTEGRATION CHALLENGES IN THE CRIMINAL LAW POLICY OF UKRAINE IN WAR REGIME." European Historical Studies, no. 21 (2022): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2022.21.2.

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Ukraine’s European integration direction has led to a set of significant changes in legislation and practice. Obviously, this is a high price, but the war has brought Ukraine closer to joining the European Union than ever before. On February 28, 2022, President Volodymyr Zelensky signed an application for Ukraine’s membership in the European Union. On April 8, 2022, during a visit to Kyiv by the President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen, a questionnaire was personally handed over to the Ukrainian side to obtain Ukraine’s candidate status for membership in the European Union. Th

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Vovchuk, Liudmyla, and Andrii Volkivskyi. "Implementation of EU sanctions against Belarus." Старожитності Лукомор'я, no. 3 (July 13, 2024): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33782/2708-4116.2024.3.274.

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Sanctions are one of the most important approaches to resolving international conflicts, influencing regime change in a country and promoting democracy, peace and stability in the region. They are used as an alternative to the use of military force. The European Union, as one of the leading international organisations and actors in ensuring regional and international security, has been applying this practice for more than 70 years to overcome aggressive anti-lawful actions of countries that violate international law. This article focuses on the EU’s sanctions policy against Belarus in 2004-202

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Topornin, Nikolai Borisovich. "Legal Framework for the Regulation of Sanctions Measures in the European Union." Международное право и международные организации / International Law and International Organizations, no. 1 (January 2023): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0633.2023.1.40014.

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The subject of this article is the legal basis of the mechanism for the adoption of sanctions (restrictive measures) within the European Union. The author traced the evolution of the application of sanctions since the creation of the European Economic Community (1957) to the present day, analyzed the relevant sections of the most important constituent acts of the EU and considered the features of the EU sanctions mechanism at the present stage. In recent decades, the practice of applying political and economic sanctions has significantly expanded in the system of international relations. At th

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Makowska, Marta. "Lekarze i firmy farmaceutyczne – standardy etyczne wzajemnych relacji w Unii Europejskiej." Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym 15 (January 1, 2012): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1899-2226.15.13.

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Within last twenty years in the European Union much regulation concerning advertisements of drugs changed. The aggressive marketing operations of producers of medicines caused that new solutions, not only legal but also ethical, had appeared. The European Union is imposing reliable solutions upon its members in the form of directives to which they must adapt their law. They can however decide to choose stricter law than the one which is recommended to them. The European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry and Associations – voluntary organization consisting associations of pharmaceutical com

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Tkachenko, Oleksandr. "INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AS A FACTOR IN THE REALISATION OF UKRAINE'S NATIONAL INTERESTS (IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ARMED AGGRESSION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)." STATE SECURITY 1, no. 3 (2024): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33405/2786-8613/2024/1/3/309960.

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The article investigates the influence of the sanctions policy of the European Union and individual countries in counteracting the military armed aggression of the russian federation against Ukraine. The attention is paid to the possibilities of restoring Ukraine's national interests. The author reviews the areas and industries of the russian federation subject to sanctions restrictions, as well as the consequences of their impact on development opportunities. The dependence of globalisation processes, international politics and economic processes in imposing sanctions on a country that violat

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Challet, Celia, and Dorin-Ciprian Grumaz. "EU Restrictive Measures and Third Countries’ Evidence." European Foreign Affairs Review 28, Issue 1 (2023): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2023002.

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EU restrictive measures, often referred to as ‘sanctions’, have become an increasingly used instrument of EU autonomous foreign policy. For some restrictive measures, however, the EU cannot act alone. In order to adopt them, the Council must rely on information transmitted by third states’ authorities and decisions taken by them at domestic level. This has been the case, in particular, of EU restrictive measures adopted in connection with misappropriations of state funds. The Council’s use of such evidence has been somewhat controversial and has led to numerous legal debates before the Court o

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9

Кешнер, Мария, and Mariya Keshner. "The Sanctions against the Russian Federation: International Legal Analysis of Legitimacy." Journal of Russian Law 3, no. 7 (2015): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11764.

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In 2014, a number of states and integration entities imposed sanctions and restrictive measures against the Russian Federation. The author analysis acts the measures adopted by the United States, the European Union, some other countries against the Russian Federation, from the point of view of the international law. The author investigates reasonableness of the arguments justifying the sanctions against the Russian Federation; and examines the issues of coercion in the international law, which has its specific features that are primarily predetermined by the nature of interstate relations and

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10

Przybylski-Lewandowski, Filip. "Sanctions Lists – Concept, History, Legal Nature. An Outline of Issues." Przegląd Prawa Administracyjnego 9 (June 4, 2025): 127–40. https://doi.org/10.17951/ppa.2025.9.127-140.

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The paper offers a reflection on the emergence and operation of the Polish sanctions list as a sui generis legal institution straddling the domains of administrative and international law, governed by specific rules for its establishment and amendment, and serving as the principal repository of information on sanction targets and the types of measures imposed. The author focuses on the analysis of sanctions lists as a tool of international politics and law and on their legal nature in the context of sanctions imposed by the European Union against individuals and entities from the Russian Feder

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11

Kuvaldin, Stanislav. "The Values of the EU and their Protection in the European Law." Contemporary Europe 100, no. 7 (2020): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope720203745.

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Article 7 of the Treaty on the European Union envisages a mechanism for responding to breaching by Member States the values of democracy, equality, the rule of law and human rights proclaimed by the Union, as well as the introduction of sanctions. Nevertheless, the EU structures are extremely cautious about this mechanism, despite the reasons for its application. The article analyzes the history of this clause in European legislation and the first attempts to influence dubious decisions of the Member States. The author explores the cases of Poland and Hungary in light of discussions to initiat

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Danilovskaia, Anna. "Criminal law protection of competition in the European Union, Germany, Great Britain and France." Юридические исследования, no. 6 (June 2020): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7136.2020.6.33294.

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The object of this research is competition policy and criminal law policy with regards to protection of competition in Europe that are similar to the Russian approach of countering infringement on fair competition. Legislation on competition is dynamically developing in all countries, which causes corresponding changes in their criminal law policy. For improving the effectiveness of cartel detection, many countries endorsed leniency policy for cartels, as well as make amendments to their laws due to proliferation of unfair competition, particularly on the Internet, as well irregularities in te

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13

Polyvach, R. O. "Classification and mechanisms for the application of international economic sanctions." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 4, no. 87 (2025): 290–95. https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2025.87.4.45.

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International economic sanctions have become an important and powerful instrument of foreign policy used by states and international organizations to regulate the behavior of countries or other subjects of international law. They can influence the political, economic and social activities of target states, contributing to the achievement of various political goals, such as changing political behavior, ensuring compliance with international standards, fighting terrorism, supporting human rights, protecting the environment and strengthening national security. In today’s world, sanctions are ofte

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Chirozva, Lucid. "Law of attraction: A mirror image of Zimbabwe-Belarus relations." Dynamics of Politics and Democracy 1, no. 1 (2021): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/dpd.v1i1.730.

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Abstract Purpose: The study aims to analyse the law of attraction and its influence on Zimbabwe-Belarus relations. Research methodology: Secondary sources that relate to Zimbabwe and Belarus were used to gather data. The content analysis technique was employed to analysis to the data. Results: The study gathered that the two countries have limited allies in the international system; they are all on sanctions from the European Union (E.U.) and the United States of America (U.S.A.). The two countries also behave the same way in their interactions domestically and politically, as demonstrated by

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15

Voynikov, Vadim Valentinovich. "EU travel restrictions for russian citizens: political and legal issues." Contemporary Europe, no. 3 (June 15, 2023): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0201708323030026.

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2022 is a period of significant deterioration in relations between Russia and the EU. Apart from introduction of additional restrictive measures provided by the European Union law, for the first time the EU has taken measures aimed at travel ban of citizens of the Russian Federation, thus extending sanctions to ordinary citizens. Such actions can be qualified as attempts to create adverse environment for the Russian Federation. Measures taken at the national and union level to restrict entry are solely due to the citizenship of the foreigner. For the EU countries, this is certainly a new pheno

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Motsyk, Oleksandr. "International Sanctions against the Russian Federation: An Instrument of Pressure and Punishment for Its Aggression against Ukraine and Other International Crimes." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XXI (2020): 717–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2020-37.

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The article describes international sanctions against the Russian Federation as an instrument of pressure and punishment for its aggression against Ukraine and other international crimes. The author asserts that sanctions are used to enforce international legal norms when all voluntary conciliation measures of resolving a conflict caused by an international delinquency are exhausted. The Russian aggression endangered the whole European security architecture formed after World War II with the meaningful participation of the US, European countries, and Moscow, then the Soviet Union. As Ambassado

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17

Muraviov, Victor. "Principles and Values of the European Union as a Legal Basis for European Integration." European Studies 6, no. 1 (2019): 73–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eustu-2022-0029.

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Summary The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal nature of principles and values of the European Union, their ethimology and genesis, as well as their place and role in the legal order of the EU. One can argue that in the contemporary legal order of the European Union principles and norms that are enshrined in the founding documents of the European Union, stipulate the founding basics of the legal system of the EU. Besides, they execute the regulatory function in the relations between an individual and society. It is pointed out in the work, that principles and values appeared in th

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18

PELZMAN, JOSEPH. "THE SPILLOVER EFFECTS OF THE RE-IMPOSED UNITED STATES SANCTIONS ON IRAN ON MENA, THE PRC, RUSSIA, AND TURKEY." Global Economy Journal 20, no. 01 (2020): 2050003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2194565920500037.

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Iran has faced US sanctions in one form or another since its invasion of the US Embassy in Iran in 1979. The 2007-08 period marked the initiation of heightened international sanctions on Iran imposed by the UN Security Council in reaction to Iran’s nuclear program. These sanctions were tightened in 2010, when the UN Security Council, the US Congress, and the European Union all implemented separate sets of sanctions targeting either the Iranian nuclear program or the energy and banking sectors. Under the Obama Administration the Joint Plan of Action (JPOA) was signed in late 2013 and within mon

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19

Tuz, Oleksandr, Serhii Basalyk, Viacheslav Biletskyi, Viktor Tyshchuk, and Yurii Overchenko. "Specific aspects of combating goods smuggling." Multidisciplinary Science Journal 7, no. 12 (2025): 2025580. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2025580.

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The article provides a comprehensive analysis of countering the smuggling of goods in the context of globalization and Ukraine's gradual integration into the European Union. The authors emphasize that the intensification of international trade relations and the growing liberalization of markets contribute to the spread of transnational smuggling activities, which seriously threaten national security, economic stability, and the rule of law. In this regard, the study focuses on the specific aspects of countering goods smuggling, including regulatory frameworks, institutional mechanisms, operati

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20

Muraviov, Victor. "PRINCIPLES AND VALUES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE LEGAL ORDER OF UKRAINE." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 138 (2019): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2018.138.0.97-105.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal nature of principles and values of the European Union, their ethimology and genesis, as well as their place and role in the legal order of the EU. One can argue that in the contemporary legal order of the European Union principles and norms that are enshrined in the founding documents of the European Union, stipulate the founding basics of the legal system of the EU. Besides, they execute the regulatory function in the relations between an individual and society. It is pointed out in the work, that principles and values appeared in the Europe

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21

Poli, Sara, and Emanuele Sommario. "The Rationale and the Perils of Failing to Invoke State Responsibility for Cyber-Attacks: The Case of the EU Cyber Sanctions." German Law Journal 24, no. 3 (2023): 522–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/glj.2023.25.

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AbstractMalicious cyber activities are on the rise. States and other relevant actors need to constantly adapt to the evolving cyber threat landscape, including by setting up effective deterrence mechanisms. This is what the European Union (EU) has done through the adoption of Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) Decision 2019/797, which allows it to impose targeted sanctions to deter and respond to cyberattacks that constitute an external threat to the EU or its member states. However, in contrast to other horizontal regimes of restrictive measures in force within the EU, foreign governme

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22

Unterschütz, Joanna. "Strike and Remedies for Unlawful Strikes in the Legal Systems of Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 30, Issue 3 (2014): 319–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2014018.

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Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia, like many other Central and Eastern European states, underwent profound economic and legal reform in 1989 and early 1990s with the harmonization of their legal system with the EU acquis along with democratic reform of the political system. In this period international conventions, especially ILO standards, were the main source of inspiration. In all three countries strikes are regarded as a last resort, and certain procedures must be implemented to call a lawful strike. The first formal requirement in Polish and Slovak law concerns the reason for a collective dis

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23

Laptenok, V. O. "The European Union in Global Competition of Jurisdictions." Actual Problems of Russian Law 18, no. 11 (2023): 174–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2023.156.11.174-190.

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International legal regimes are a factor in regulating relationships between subjects of international relations, constructive interaction, policy coordination and resolution of contradictions. When conflicts arise, the interaction of the legal systems of states, regional associations and international organizations can be both complementary and competitive in nature, affecting the legal qualification of the parties’ actions. Competitiveness manifests itself in the interpretation of the actions of the same entities within different jurisdictions. The conflict of interests of the parties, as co

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Verhagen, Gijs. "The Compliance and Dispute Settlement System of the European Energy Community." Legal Issues of Economic Integration 46, Issue 2 (2019): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/leie2019009.

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This article assesses the compliance, enforcement and dispute settlement procedure of the Energy Community (EnC). The EnC is an international organization composed of the European Union (EU) and several (South-)East European states, whose main goal is to integrate and harmonize the energy sector of the non-EU member countries with the energy sector of the EU by (among others) offering the prospects of easier access to foreign investments. This however requires implementation by those countries of the mandated rules as set by the EnC, which in practice are similar to the same rules and laws tha

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Baran, A. B. "The concept of «Citizens in uniform»: a comparative analysis of the legal status of soldiers in the EU Member States and Ukraine." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 1 (March 1, 2025): 394–98. https://doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2025.01.64.

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The article analyses the legal status of military personnel, the specific features of the legal regulation of their service, and the interrelation between military duties, civil rights, and freedoms. It is noted that the legal status of military personnel requires improvement, especially in the current context of military aggression. The author emphasizes the importance of utilizing the experience of European Union countries to enhance national legislation and align it with international standards. The concept of political neutrality of military personnel, which is a fundamental element in ens

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Raj, Vishakha, and M. P. Ram Mohan. "Appellate Body Crisis at the World Trade Organization: View from India." Journal of World Trade 55, Issue 5 (2021): 829–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2021035.

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There has been a crisis prevailing at the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization (WTO) since December 2019. The United States’ (US) refusal to allow the appointment of members to the WTO’s Appellate Body has disturbed the functioning of the entire WTO dispute settlement process. In order to mitigate the effects of this, the European Union (EU) has proposed a multi-party interim appeal arbitration agreement (MPIA) which has been joined by over twenty other WTO members. In the absence of rules-based dispute settlement, countries will most probably resort to bilateral negotiations. This w

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27

Brovchenko, Y. "SOME ISSUES FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES RELATING TO COUNTERACTION TO COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITIES IN UKRAINE." Scientific heritage, no. 159 (April 27, 2025): 43–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15292294.

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The article examines key areas of adaptation of international and European experience in countering collaborationism in the context of the formation of modern administrative and legal policy of Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of international legal acts regulating the countering of collaborationism, in particular the provisions of the IV Geneva Convention, its Additional Protocols, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. The competence of international institutions — the ICC, the ECHR, the UN

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Kebus, Andrii. "CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION OF PERSONAL DATA IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE AND THE COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION." Modern scientific journal 2, no. 2 (2023): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36994/2786-9008-2023-2-7.

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The article analyzes a number of international normative legal acts and normative legal acts of the legislation of Ukraine in the field of personal data protection, their main content is analyzed. It was determined that the protection of personal data is inextricably linked to the protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms. In various international documents, the concept of «personal data» is defined almost identically, that is, information about an identified natural person or a person who can be identified. For many years, regulatory and legal work has been carried out aimed at crea

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Lestari, Mugi, and Riza Ibrahim. "Legal Aspects of Using Deepfake in Political Campaigns: A Threat to Democracy?" International Journal of Humanities, Law, and Politics 3, no. 1 (2025): 30–35. https://doi.org/10.46336/ijhlp.v3i1.193.

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This study examines the legal aspects of the use of deepfake technology in political campaigns and its implications for the integrity of democracy. Through a qualitative approach with normative legal analysis methods, this study maps regulations related to deepfake in various countries, analyzes case studies of the use of deepfake in political campaigns, and evaluates the effectiveness of regulations in Indonesia. The results show that regulations on deepfake in political campaigns vary significantly between countries, with some countries such as the United States (at the state level) and the

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Fatih, Burak ÖZKANLI, and Demir Zafer. "COMPARISON OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY STUDIES OF TURKEY AND GERMANY." Journal of Natural Science and Technologies 1, no. 1 (2022): 100–112. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7313071.

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Where energy is used is as important as obtaining it from a source. It has been demonstrated by the studies that significant savings will be achieved with the regulations to be made in the use of energy. With the concept of energy efficiency, countries attach importance to efficiency studies and adopt various policies to reduce energy waste. Turkey’s energy efficiency studies, which started with Turkey's Regulation on Energy Efficiency in Industry, which started in 1995, became more frequent with the 2000s, and with the Energy Efficiency Law enacted in 2007, some obligations and sanc

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Kolben, Kevin. "A Supply Chain Approach to Trade and Labor Provisions." Politics and Governance 5, no. 4 (2017): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.v5i4.1088.

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As labor provisions in trade agreements have become increasingly ubiquitous, there remain questions about whether or not these provisions have been effective in improving working conditions in trading partner countries. Through an analysis of sample labor provisions in United States and European Union free trade agreements, this paper shows that both approaches, albeit using different methods, aim primarily to improve <em>de jure</em> labor law and <em>de facto</em> enforcement of that law by government regulatory institutions. This paper argues that instead, labor prov

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IEFYMENKO, Tetiana, and Tetiana DMYTRENKO. "Modern priorities in the field of combating money laundering and terrorist financing." Naukovi pratsi NDFI 2022, no. 2 (2022): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33763/npndfi2022.02.005.

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Introduction. The introduction of international sanctions as a tool to counter military aggression by the Russian Federation in Ukraine affected the priorities of anti-legalization activities at the global level. Recently, the use of the latest technologies has attracted the attention of FATF and other international organizations. With the beginning of the unprovoked aggression against Ukraine, operative and effective assistance to the country was organized through the collection of funds by charitable crypto funds. Problem.The latest technologies have ensured the active citizenship of people

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Yakoviyk, Ivan, and Anna Turenko. "Confiscation of Russian Assets for the Restoration of Ukraine: Legal Problems of Implementation." Problems of legality, no. 161 (June 30, 2023): 6–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21564/2414-990x.161.277365.

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The article is devoted to the problem of creating and applying legal mechanisms for blocking and confiscating Russian assets in order to use them for the restoration of Ukraine, which suffered from Russian aggression. The subject matter of the study is the analysis of international legal norms, national law, international and national judicial practice. The purpose of the article is to study and assess the legal possibilities of compensation for damages caused by Russian aggression against Ukraine. The research methodology involves an analysis of the rules of public international law, internat

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Yakoviyk, Ivan V., and Anna Yu. Turenko. "Confiscation of Russian Assets for the Restoration of Ukraine: Legal Problems of Implementation." Problems of legality 161 (2023) (June 30, 2023): 6–29. https://doi.org/10.21564/2414-990X.161.277365.

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The article is devoted to the problem of creating and applying legal mechanisms for blocking and confiscating Russian assets in order to use them for the restoration of Ukraine, which suffered from Russian aggression. The subject matter of the study is the analysis of international legal norms, national law, international and national judicial practice. The purpose of the article is to study and assess the legal possibilities of compensation for damages caused by Russian aggression against Ukraine. The research methodology involves an analysis of the rules of public international law, internat

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Zhukova, Nadiia. "INCONSISTENCY AS A RISK FACTOR: NEW CHALLENGES IN INTERNATIONAL COMPLIANCE, LAW, AND TRADE-TARIFF REGULATION." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 68, no. 1 (2025): 241–46. https://doi.org/10.23856/6829.

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In the context of global transformation processes in international politics and economics, the instability and occasional irrationality of legal frameworks governing international relations have a substantial impact on global trade and law enforcement. This article explores inconsistency as a risk factor from the perspective of international compliance, law, and trade-tariff regulation. In particular, it focuses on changes in international trade, sanctions policies, tariff regimes, as well as abrupt shifts in guidelines and legislation in some countries that have a significant impact on global

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Stepanyk, Y. O. "The concept and place of competition law in the legal system of the EU." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 4 (April 28, 2022): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2021.04.65.

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In the framework of modern reform of competition laws in the European countries, that has arisen due to increasing attention to markets in the field of IT services, in particular software and IT-solutions for business, the nature of competition law and its place in the legal system of each separate state became as one of the most topical issues. Such features are revealed through several characteristics, including the peculiarities of historical development, the level of market concentration, the development of individual industries etc. Even though the fact that basic principles of the

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Herbert, Eti Best, and Fasilat Abimbola Olalere. "What Is Economic Globalization Without Trans-boundary Migration?" Global Trade and Customs Journal 15, Issue 10 (2020): 493–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2020088.

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The world is often regarded as a global village or borderless globe where various countries freely interconnect and interrelate towards achieving a global goal. Globalization has occasioned international cooperation amongst States through the formation of several treaties and international organizations with economic objectives. This article evaluates the law and attitude of States and International organizations towards economically motivated trans-boundary migration. Particular reference is made to World Trade Organization(WTO), European Union(EU), African Union (AU), Economic Community of W

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Гнітій, А.О., А.О. Антонов та Є.О. Шатоха. "Механізми забезпечення виконання санкцій (обмежувальних заходів) Європейського Союзу". Форум Права 79, № 2 (2024): 96–104. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10933564.

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<strong>Постановка проблеми.</strong> Порушення норм і принципів міжнародного права призводить до застосування санкцій, які покликані переконати порушника виправити неправомірну поведінку. Найбільш ефективною міжнародною організацією, у рамках якої реалізується санкційна політика, є Європейський Союз, тому що він наділений елементами наднаціональності та може застосовувати механізми, які сприятимуть гармонізації політик його держав-членів. Однак, відсутність до недавнього часу єдиного підходу щодо правового регулювання на рівні ЄС призводило до неефективного впровадження санкцій ЄС на місцях.

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Kondrotas, Lukas. "European Union policy and the use of the normative power regarding cybersecurity." Análisis Jurídico - Político 4, no. 7 (2022): 143–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/26655489.5504.

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The transformation of our societies due to technological progress and worldwide spread of information technologies has established a new domain where states must establish a “normal” way of relating to each other. National legislation has been adapted in order to reach this domain; however, in an international context there are still different manners to interpret what behaviour is normal and acceptable. The European Union has established a framework regarding its own cybersecurity and aims to establish the rule-of-law to progress towards a secure digital world; it has also created sanction ru

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Pan, Zhenxi. "A comparative study of blocking laws between China and EU." BCP Business & Management 27 (September 6, 2022): 260–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v27i.1970.

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In recent years, the United States has frequently imposed sub-economic sanctions on other countries, which has seriously disrupted the regular order of the world economic and trade market. Since the Trump administration took office, China has gradually become the target of the United States, and the economic and trade friction between China and the United States has been constant. To counter the long-arm jurisdiction of the United States, China's Ministry of Commerce issued the Blocking Measures with Chinese characteristics on January 9, 2021. Its legislative model draws lessons from the Europ

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Kоvalov, Victor, та Igor Konovalchuk. "AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR AND ONE-SIDED SANCTIONS IMPOSED BY NEIGHBOURING EU СОUNTRIES". Public Administration and Law Review, № 2(22) (30 червня 2025): 13–25. https://doi.org/10.36690/2674-5216-2025-2-13-25.

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The article outlines the main problems of agricultural exports in the context of the blockade of seaports, the breakdown of existing supply chains, and a significant increase in logistics costs due to the shutdown of road checkpoints. It also identifies the main trends in foreign trade in agricultural products, in particularly grain crops. The author examines legislative changes that have affected the procedure for export-import operations involving domestic business entities. In chronological order, the institutional and measures taken by the European Union and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukr

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Kirilenko, V. P., and G. V. Alekseev. "Problems of Harmonization of European and Russian Legislation on Defamation." Lex Russica 1, no. 9 (2019): 168–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2019.154.9.168-182.

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Russia’s integration into the global information space largely depends on how effectively fundamental human rights and freedoms will be protected by the current national legislation and the emerging integration law. Harmonization of Russian law with European standards of freedom of speech and protection of intangible rights of individuals and legal entities in terms of liability for defamation statements is a fundamentally important task to maintain the authority of the Russian Federation in the European political arena. The work of international human rights organizations, such as the Interna

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Marych, A. V. "Sanction mechanism for excluding states from international organizations." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 6 (December 16, 2024): 905–13. https://doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2024.06.152.

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Compliance with the universally recognised principles and norms of international law is of paramount importance in modern society. Countering current threats requires effective measuresto strengthenthe roleoflegalmechanisms in ensuring international order. It should be noted that international sanctions are key instruments used by international organisations to restore violated international law, strengthen justice and stability of relations. In modern international practice, there is a noticeable increase in cases of gross violations by states of the basic principles of international organisa

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Chetverikov, A. O. "Immunity of States and International Organizations in the Court of Justice of the European Union Practice and its Significance in the Implementation of Megascience Projects." Lex Russica, no. 4 (April 24, 2021): 112–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2021.173.4.112-129.

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In recent years, Russia has invested significant assets in unique scientific facility of the “Megascience” class that are being built or are already operating on the territory of foreign countries, mainly member states of the European Union: the International Thermonuclear Research Reactor-ITER (France), the European X-ray Free Electron Laser-European XFEL, the Large Hadron Collider (Switzerland and France), etc.How reliable and safe are such investments in the context of the sanctions policy of the West, including the EU, against our country? To what extent are they protected by the principle

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Papageorgiou, Konstantinos. "A Manifestly Unjust (but Also a Manifestly Just) War." Philosophy of law and general theory of law, no. 1 (July 13, 2024): 58–69. https://doi.org/10.21564/2707-7039.1.307635.

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The paper assesses the legality and justice of the war in Ukraine. It examines only to dismiss the arguments of Russia for the invasion and argues for the right of Ukraine to defend itself against Russian aggression both on the basis of International Law and Just War Theory. A just cause can be invoked by Ukraine, but not by Russia. The claims forwarded by Russian officials about the deeper causes of the war were obviously a pretext. But is the resistance of the Ukrainians proportional? Ukraine’s defensive war is manifestly legitimate also because there was no peaceful alternative option if it

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Fonju, Dr Njuafac Kenedy. "The Roots of Russian Naked Aggression (RRNA) Versus Unjust Shortsighted Support to Ukrainian Secessionists (USSUS): Constituent Tools of Re-Emerging to the Position of New International Hyper Hegemonic Power (NIHHP) in the Unipolar World of 1991-2022." South Asian Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 4 (2022): 269–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjhss.2022.v04i04.009.

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This paper brings out arguments concerning the unjust and naked aggression inflicted by Russia over the Ukraine why sorting out why the International Community as the Global mechanism for World peace and security remains partially inactive to impose immediate sanctions in view of the United Nations(UN) charter with the Security Council rising with strong standing orders. The prohibition on the unjustified use of force is the cornerstone of contemporary international law and requires the implications of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) not only on press released but full action to stop

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Verschueren, Herwig. "Employment and Social Security Rights of Third-Country Labour Migrants under eu Law: An Incomplete Patchwork of Legal Protection." European Journal of Migration and Law 18, no. 4 (2016): 373–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12342107.

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Labour migration within the European Union (eu), as well as from outside the eu, has evolved significantly. There are more temporary forms of labour migration, such as seasonal work, temporary migration of both high- and low-skilled workers and temporary posting by employers. This evolution has led to an increasing vulnerability of labour migrants’ rights. In particular, the employment and social rights of these migrants are subject to legal disputes, as well as to political discussions. The latter resulted in the adoption of legal instruments meant to guarantee some rights to labour migrants,

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Dreval, Yu, B. Tsymbal, O. Malko, O. Sharovatova, A. Petryshchev, and S. Artemev. "FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGULATION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HYGIENE." Municipal economy of cities 3, no. 177 (2023): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-171-181.

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The issue of the essence and peculiarities of international legal and organizational and technical regulation of the sphere of safety and occupational hygiene was considered. The significance of the reasons and prerequisites, which collectively led to a renewed understanding of the activities of the International Labor Organization and the sphere of occupational safety and hygiene in today's complex conditions, was noted. It was found that the fundamental basis of the modern activity of this organization was the study of fundamental principles and rights in the world of work. The place of the

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Ivanov, A. V. "The supranational character of decisions of international judicial institutions." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 3 (July 22, 2024): 589–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2024.03.100.

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The article examines the supranational nature of the decisions of international judicial institutions. Throughout history, and especially since the second half of the twentieth century, the role of courts has gone beyond national borders. The result of this was the formation of judicial mechanisms that direct their decisions across international borders and supposedly have a higher legal force than the decisions of the courts of individual countries. Among these: the International Court of Justice of the United Nations (decides, in accordance with international law, legal disputes of states re

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BROŽIČ, LILIANA. "EDITORIAL, SECURITY PERSPECTIVES." CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES 2022, no. 24/3 (2022): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.24.3.00.

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This is the title of the third issue in the twenty-fourth volume of the Contemporary Military Challenges. We started from the changes that have taken place over the last few years. We have had in mind the increased migration flows towards the European Union, the experience of the Covid 19 epidemic, the climate change that surprises us time and time again, despite the fact that we are aware of it, and that we are trying to adapt and respond to it accordingly. In March this year, the "Strategic Compass for Security and Defence - For a European Union that protects its citizens, values and interes

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