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Bečicová, Dana. "Design sněžného skůtru pro záchranářské účely." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229376.
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The thesis is focused on the design of rescue snowmobile. This type of snowmobile is utility and is unusual because of bonneted cab. The snowmobile is suitable for snowy area for rescue purposes. The size of the snowmobile can seat three people, driver, attendant and lying patient. The thesis is focused on design of the exterior of snowmobile. Less attention is attended to interior of the snowmobile. Everything inside follows an ergonomic design. The result is the emergency snowy vehicle with rescue equipment.
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Basler, Ondřej. "Design záchranářského vozidla." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232073.
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The topic of this master’s thesis is design of rescue vehicle, more specifically medical rescue vehicle in the category C intended for immediate medical assistance and subsequent transport. The main aim of this design is to create object fulfilling the ergonomic, technical and esthetic requirements.
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CENTAURI, FEDERICA. "LE CONDIZIONI ORGANIZZATIVE PER IMPLEMENTARE IL LEAN IN SANITA'." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/35758.
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Il lean consente di realizzare miglioramenti significativi nelle performance delle organizzazioni sanitarie. Esistono però limitati riscontri sull’effettiva capacità delle iniziative lean di perdurare nel lungo periodo mentre i processi di implementazione risultano scarsamente investigati. Il presente studio, attraverso un protocollo di ricerca articolato in tre fasi, attinge alla letteratura sull’implementation science e sul lean healthcare per investigare: (i) le condizioni organizzative rilevanti per implementare il lean in una organizzazione sanitaria, ed in particolare in un ospedale; (ii) le interdipendenze reciproche tra il lean come approccio sistemico al cambiamento ed il contesto organizzativo e (iii) l’influenza di questi processi di mutuo adattamento sulla sostenibilità delle pratiche implementate. L’analisi empirica (multiple case study) mostra che l’implementazione e la sostenibilità nel tempo di sforzi di miglioramento lean è il risultato di un processo continuo di cambiamenti e aggiustamenti nell’approccio lean originariamente adottato e nel contesto organizzativo dove si sviluppa. In particolare, l’impiego di un framework socio-tecnico per sistematizzare le evidenze emerse ha permesso di identificare alcuni correlati pattern di cambiamento che i manager ospedalieri sono chiamati a presidiare: decentralizzare le responsabilità sulle attività di miglioramento; promuovere funzioni di leadership e guida al cambiamento ad ogni livello organizzativo; introdurre un livello intermedio tra il top management ed il personale; lanciare eventi di promozione; sviluppare un processo continuo di apprendimento; adottare un approccio integrato all’ottimizzazione dei processi produttivi ospedalieri.Lean has shown to deliver significant performance improvement in healthcare organizations. However, its practical implementation remains challenging and the ability to deliver in the long term is an under investigated issue. By using a three-step research protocol, the study draws on the main streams of literature on implementation science and lean management healthcare to explore: (i) the relevant organizational conditions for implementing lean in healthcare organizations, in particular in hospitals; (ii) the continuous process of reciprocal interdependence between lean as a system-wide organizational strategy and its context of application, and (iii) the influence of these mutual adaptation mechanisms on the sustainability of the implemented practices. As emerged from the empirical analysis (multiple case study), the implementation and the maintenance of lean efforts over time is the result of a continuous process of adjustments and modifications occurring in the overall change program originally adopted and in its context of application. In particular, the use of a socio-technical system framework to systematize the emerged evidence points out some key interrelated change patterns that hospital managers must place equal focus on: decentralizing responsibilities to practically work on lean; ensuring a stable guidance and sponsorship at all organizational levels; introducing an intermediate level between the top management and professionals; launching internal events; developing a continuous learning and improvement process; structuring a comprehensive approach to the optimization of hospital production processes.
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Inglese, Marco <1984>. "Unione Europea e sanità." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6510/.
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La tesi di dottorato "Unione Europea e Sanità" è uno studio sistematico del diritto alla salute e della protezione della sanità pubblica nell'ordinamento giuridico dell'Unione Europea.
Il primo capitolo analizza le competenze sanitarie dell'Unione Europea, introdotte per la prima volta dal Trattato di Maastricht e definitivamente sistemate all'art. 168 TFUE. La norma identifica alcuni settori specifici nei quali l'Unione può agire e altri, quali l'organizzazione dei sistemi sanitari e la fornitura di cure mediche, che rimangono in capo agli Stati membri.
Il secondo capitolo esamina le deroghe e le esigenze imperative connesse alla salvaguardia della salute nel mercato interno ed è suddiviso in tre sezioni dedicate alla libera circolazione delle merci, al diritto di stabilimento e alla libera prestazione dei servizi. Nella prima ci si è occupati dello sviluppo della legislazione farmaceutica. Nella seconda si sono analizzati il mutuo riconoscimento delle qualifiche professionali e le legislazioni statali che restringono il diritto di stabilimento degli operatori sanitari transfrontalieri. Nella terza si è rivolta l'attenzione alla mobilità dei pazienti che, attraverso la giurisprudenza della Corte di Giustizia, è stata trasfusa in un atto di diritto derivato.
Il terzo capitolo si concentra sul ruolo del diritto alla salute nell'ordinamento giuridico dell'Unione Europea in considerazione del valore vincolante della Carta dei diritti fondamentali. Coerentemente, si è scelto di mantenere una struttura tripartita. Nella prima sezione, ci si interroga sull'esistenza di tale diritto alla luce dei pochi casi presenti. Nella seconda, lo si analizza per il tramite delle obbligazioni di proteggere, rispettare ed adempiere, enucleate attraverso alcuni strumenti internazionali e si verifica il ruolo del principio di non discriminazione in relazione all'accesso alle cure. Nella terza, infine, si verifica il ruolo del consenso informato rispetto alla sperimentazione clinica ed alla donazione di materiale biologico.The thesis aims at analysing the right to health and its protection in the legal order of the European Union. The first chapter assesses EU's health competences, introduced for the first time by the Maastricht Treaty and now codified into art. 168 TFEU. It identifies some specific sectors in which the EU can act and others, as the organisation of national health systems, that remain on the scope of domestic legislation. The second chapter examines health related derogations and mandatory requirements concerning the free moment of goods, the right of establishment and the freedom to provide services. For this reason it is divided into three sections. The first is devoted to pharmaceutical products. The second analyses the mutual recognition of medical qualifications and the domestic hindrance to the establishment of health operators. The third concerns patients' mobility and how the case law of the Court of Justice has been transposed in a piece of secondary legislation. Taking into consideration the binding value of the Charter of fundamental rights, the third chapter focuses on the role of the right to health in EU law. The structure is thus consistently threefold. The first section, in the light of the few cases so far appeared, questions the existence of the right to health. In the second one, it is analysed using some international conventions in order to assess the impact of the obligations to protect, to respect and to fulfil and, eventually, the link between the principle of non-discrimination vis-á-vis the access to healthcare. The last section examines the right to informed consent in clinical trials and the donation of biological materials.
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Bravi, Francesca <1977>. "Le reti in Sanità." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4461/.
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Il presente lavoro di ricerca intende analizzare l’importanza dei modelli organizzativi a reti per rispondere alla sfida della complessità del momento storico, politico, sociologico, economico; in modo particolare in Sanità per rispondere all’esigenza di mettere al centro la persona nel percorso di cura ed ottenere una migliore integrazione delle cure.
Sebbene i vantaggi delle reti siano bene descritti in letteratura sono ancora pochi gli studi nell’ambito della valutazione.
Il caso di studio ha riguardato la rete oncologica romagnola così come percepita dagli informatori chiave, dagli operatori (medici, infermieri, amministrativi) e dalle persone con esperienza di tumore.
Dall’analisi degli informatori chiave emerge forte che la rete nasce per dare risposte di qualità ai bisogni dei pazienti, mentre per gli operatori quanto sia importante la dimensione delle relazioni umane e avere valori condivisi per raggiungere obiettivi di efficacia e qualità delle cure.
Per quanto riguarda invece la percezione delle persone con esperienza di tumore si rileva quanto sia importante l’appropriatezza della traiettoria di cura nonché l’avere continuità in un percorso, già di per sé difficile, oltre all’importanza dell’umanizzazione dei servizi e della corretta comunicazione medico paziente.The purpose of the present research project is to analyze the importance of the networks organization model to answer to the challenge of the complexity of this historical, political, sociological and economic period; in particular, as far as the health networks are concerned, to respond to the exigency of putting the person in the centre of the care pathway and obtain a better integration of cares. Although the advantages of the networks model are well described in the literature , still there are only few studies in the area of evaluation. The case of study has treated the cancer network in the Romagna area as well as it was perceived from key informants, stakeholders (doctors, nurses, administrative workers) and persons with tumour experience. The analysis of the key informants brought out strongly the fact that the network was born to give quality answers to the patients needs, while from the analysis of the stakeholders emerged how the human relationships are important and the significance of having shared values to achieve the goals of care efficacy and quality. Instead, as far as the perception of the persons with tumour experience is concerned, the importance of the appropriateness of the care trajectory emerged as well as to have a continuity in the pathway , already difficult by itself, in addition to the importance of the services humanization and the correct doctor-to-patient communication.
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Molnikaitė, Vaida. "BĮ UAB ,,Sanitex" darbuotojų lojalumo analizė." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120702_101359-98438.
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Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjama darbuotojų lojalumo tema. Darbe siekiama išanalizuoti BĮ UAB ,,Sanitex“ darbuotojų lojalumą ir jį sąlygojančius veiksnius. Darbą sudaro dvi pagrindinės dalys: teorinė ir empirinė. Teorinėje dalyje analizuojama lojalumo samprata, lojalumo formos, darbuotojų segmentai, pagrindiniai veiksniai, turintys įtakos darbuotojų lojalumui. Empirinėje baigiamojo darbo dalyje pristatomas BĮ UAB ,,Sanitex“ darbuotojų lojalumo tyrimas bei jo metu gauti rezultatai, kurie leidžia nustatyti, kokia forma darbuotojai yra įsipareigoję organizacijai, kokie veiksniai įtakoja darbuotojų lojalumą, kaip darbuotojai vertina savo organizaciją, ko jiems trūksta darbe. Atlikus statistinių duomenų analizę darbe pateikiamos išvados ir rekomendacijos, kaip patobulinti darbuotojų lojalumo skatinimo sistemą.In the final bachelor thesis is analized the topic of the loyalty of employees. The main point is to analize the factors that influence the loyalty of employees. There are two parts: theoretical and empirical. In the theoretical part it is analized the conception and forms of loyalty, the segments of employees, main factors that influence the loyalty of employees. In the empirical part it is presented the results that was made during the analysis of emplyees loyalty, which allows to identify in what form the emplyee is commited to organization, what factors influence the loyalty of employees, how does the employees evaluate their organization and what they lack for. After the analysis of the statistical data the conclucions and reccomendations were made according to the improvement of the emplyees' loyalty system.
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Börjesson, Maria, and Fleur Lub. "Diffrenser i rapportssystemet på IFÖ Sanitär AB." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Business Administration, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-3848.
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Rapporteringssystem på företag fungerar som underlag för budgetplanering, framtida investeringar och översikt över slutförd produktion. Det är även ett bra hjälpmedel för företag som har realiserat olika kvalitetssystem för att säkra och förbättra kvaliteten. Rutinerna för rapporteringen måste ske med hög precision för att undvika att felaktiga uppgifter läggs in. Sådana felaktiga uppgifter kan ge upphov till att underlaget i rapporteringssystemet blir missvisande för företagets framtida planering.
Ifö Sanitär AB är företaget som har granskats i denna rapports undersökning för att identifiera vilka orsaker som ligger till grund för differenserna i rapporteringssystemet. Rapporteringsrutinerna visade sig innehålla brister såsom slarv med inrapporteringsblanketter, och stress samt överföringsbrister mellan olika datasystem. Kommunikationsproblem mellan olika befattningar och avdelningar på Ifö medförde oklarheter om vem som bar ansvaret för inrapporteringen.
Avvikelser som rapporten kommer att ta upp handlar i Ifö: s fall om kassation, stillestånd eller andra maskintekniska fel. Kassation är den avvikelse som ligger till grund för felrapportering. Efter varje skift på respektive produktionsprocess ska avvikelserna rapporteras in i ett manuellt system. Systemet innehåller data om processens utfall, det vill säga hur många pjäser som tillverkas, godkänns, lagras och kasseras. Utifrån dessa data i det manuella systemet görs en rapport över månadens utfall för respektive produkt. Det är här det uppstår differenser. Bristkostnader är de kostnader som uppstår på grund av avvikelser i produktionen, men även på grund av brister i rapporteringsrutinerna. Dessa måste elimineras för att hålla bristkostnaderna nere, och det är därför viktigt att kartlägga orsakerna till felen i rapporteringsprocessen.
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Donati, Dina, and Dina Donati. "progettare formazione e-learning in sanità." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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Tra il passato e il presente con l’emergenza Covid, una presentazione di progetti e risultati, di come si muove la macchina istituzionale verso il mondo digitale, con le esperienze di e-learning fatte nell’AUSL di Bologna, che invitano all’ottimismo per la formazione in futuro della Sanità e della PA. In questo ambito il Blended learning e la Formazione totalmente e-lerning sono gli strumenti più idonei a traghettare la formazione tradizionale in presenza.
La trasformazione digitale nella nuova PA – il Syllabus - Conoscere le tecnologie emergenti per la trasformazione digitale
Le attività di formazione e-learning con SELF_PA/MOODLE Regione Emilia-Romagna
La creazione di strumenti per l’e-learning con la Community di Self:
• la lezione condizionale, presentazione di una simulazione con gamification;
• le risorse di H5P in particolare “BRANCHIN SCENARIO” per l’interattività, obiettivo futuro di espansione nella formazione in Sanità
La Fad può e deve riguardare l’educazione continua in Sanità, poiché ne è risorsa. Questa tesi nasce con l’intento di raccogliere, mettere a confronto e comunicare linee progettuali degli interventi formativi; gli oggetti della formazione che possono o non possono essere ricompresi in una FAD che permetta un apprendimento significativo; i metodi migliori da inserire in un contesto più grande di una formazione in cui l’assenza di vincoli di spazio e di tempo permette di rendere concreto il modello della formazione permanente o continua sempre più valida e innovativa.
La possibilità è venuta dalla possibilità di sperimentare nuovi oggetti (attività) di Self (H5P principalmente), nuovi strumenti pensati per rendere fruibili e gradevoli gli apprendimenti da sottoporre ai discenti: la nuova release di Moodle è stata una grande occasione per sperimentare e sperimentarsi anche grazie alla risorsa della Community.
Dina Donati
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Abaz, Sanita [Verfasser]. "Betreuung von Demenzkranken in Altenheimen. Segregative, Semi-Segregative und Integrative Betreuung / Sanita Abaz." Hamburg : disserta Verlag, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1144907098/34.
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Kurtsdotter, Elin. "Sanity : En undersökning av ett huvudlöst CMS." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för informationssystem och –teknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42157.
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The aim of this project has been to investigate whether the headless CMS Sanity can live up to the needs of the the train operator GoAhead Nordic for its website in the transition from EpiServer. To investigate this, the existing website has been recreated as closely as possible. A studio/user interface has been built from scratch in Sanity where schemes and structure has been set for what content an editor can and must enter. Thereafter the content is fetched through an API to a standalone web application. In the web application, React components have been created based on the fetched content from Sanity. The work has been performed in an agile project form and regular meetings were held with the customer to constantly keep relevant focus and priority. The result has shown that even though there are a few minor problems still present there is a great reliability that with a little more time they will be solved. The conclusion of this work is that the headless CMS Sanity lives up to the needs of the customer and that the interface is easy to handle and understand. GoAhead Nordic has been very pleased with what was shown at the demonstrations and has decided to use Sanity as its new CMSMålet med detta arbete har varit att undersöka om det huvudlösa CMS:et Sanity kan leva upp till de behov järnvägsoperatören GoAhead Nordic har för sin webbplats i övergången från EpiServer. För att undersöka detta har den befintliga webbplatsen återskapats i så stor utsträckning som möjligt. En studio/ användargränssnitt har byggts upp från grunden i Sanity där scheman och struktur har satts upp för hur en redaktör kan och får mata in innehåll. Därefter har detta innehåll hämtats via ett API till en helt fristående webbapplikation. I webbapplikationen har React-komponenter skapats utifrån innehållet som hämtats från Sanity. Arbetet har utförts i en agil projektform och regelbundna möten har hållits med kunden för att hela tiden ha relevant fokus och prioritering. Resultatet har visat att det i dagsläget finns små problem som inte hunnit lösas inom ramen för detta projekt men att det finns en stor tillförlitlighet att de kommer gå att lösa med lite mer tid. Slutsatsen i detta arbete är att det huvudlösa CMS:et Sanity lever upp till de behov som kunden har och att gränssnittet är lätt att hantera och förstå. GoAhead Nordic har varit mycket nöjda med det som visats upp på de regelbundna demonstrationerna och har beslutat sig för att använda Sanity som sitt nya CMS.
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Saniter, Nils Peter [Verfasser]. "Educational Interventions and Labor Market Success / Nils Peter Saniter." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1054637024/34.
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Kilby, Allaina. "Satire for sanity : an examination of media representation and audience engagement with The Daily Show's 'Rally to Restore Sanity'." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/70029/.
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This thesis examines the media representation of The Daily Show’s ‘Rally to Restore Sanity’ and the way the rally participants engaged with it. This was a unique event because of the speculation and ambiguity that surrounded it which included characterisations of activism for civil discourse, advocacy for Democrats in the run up to the Congressional mid-term election, to those labelling it as a mass comedy/music event. Also, given that The Daily Show was shifting from its television platform to the field of public protest, this was an opportunity to examine whether the rally could push the boundaries of satire by instigating a more civilised tone in America’s political news discourse. The rally would also be an opportunity to better understand the type of people that engaged with this hybrid satire event and whether their attendance was an act of civic participation.
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GRAPS, CHIARA. "GLI STRUMENTI DEL MANAGEMENT IN SANITA': L'IMPATTO DEL SISTEMA DI CONTABILITA' ANALITICA SULLE PERFORMANCE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/10586.
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Nel mondo delle imprese, l’efficacia del sistema di contabilità analitica per il miglioramento delle performance organizzative è ampiamente dimostrata. I risultati della letteratura del settore pubblico sulla relazione diretta tra MAS e performance sono invece ancora scarsi e controversi. La presente ricerca si propone di colmare questo gap e di indagare, con metodo quantitativo, se la presenza di questo strumento nelle aziende sanitarie pubbliche implichi effettivamente una buona performance, misurata sulla base di indicatori, sia economico-finanziari, sia non economico-finanziari. In particolare, lo studio di propone di verificare se le caratteristiche di base di un sistema di management accounting abbiano un significativo impatto positivo sulle performance economico - finanziarie e sull’efficienza e appropriatezza dell’organizzazione; un sistema di contabilità analitica più sviluppato migliori significativamente i risultati economico - finanziari, l’efficienza e l’appropriatezza dell’organizzazione; il livello di sviluppo del MAS comporti un differente impatto sulle performance in funzione di alcune caratteristiche delle organizzazioni sanitarie pubbliche, come l’appartenenza o meno della azienda ad una regione sottoposta ad un piano di rientro dal deficit finanziario, o il fatto di essere o meno una ASL piuttosto che un’Azienda ospedaliera, o di avere una casistica particolarmente complessa.Management accounting theory has generally assumed that accounting information improves decision-making and, thereby, organizational outcomes. The Italian Legislative Decree no. 502/92 introduced the Management accounting systems in the public health care organizations, within the New Public Management reforms. According to NPM theories, “Management is management” in public and private sectors, so the use of private sector management tools can improve public sector performance. However, “no prior studies have systematically tested whether the same kind of management principles and techniques have the same effects in both public and private organizations” (Hvidman, Andersen, 2013). Indeed, concerning impacts, management accounting research is still mainly focused on manufacturing firms while public sector is largely unexplored. In response to this gap, this study investigates the impact of MAS on financial and non-financial organizational performance of a large sample of health care organizations. More specifically, the purpose of this work is to verify whether: 1) The presence of MAS has positive effects on financial performance, on efficiency and appropriateness; 2) The functionality of the costing system is positively correlated with financial and non-financial organizational performance; 3) The relationship between MAS and organizational performance will be more likely in the presence of some contextual factors.
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Hervas, Puyal Carlos. "Sanitat a Catalunya durant la República i la Guerra Civil." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7467.
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La Tesi recull els intents d'orientar l'assistència sanitaria i social dels ciutadans de Catalunya per part dels governs amb capacitat de decisió autonòmica, en una línia que va des de les realitzacions de la Mancomunitat fins a les activitats dels consellers responsables de Sanitat i Assistència Social de la Generalitat Republicana.L'aixecament militar del 18 de juliol de 1936 obre un nou capítol durant el qual tots els elements de la vida del país i la seva gent es veuen trasbalsats pels efectes de la guerra. Dos fenòmens alteren l'aparell sanitari: les conseqüències dels fets bèl·lics modifiquen les necessitats habituals i la politització de les seves estructures transforma l'organització.
El període de la Guerra Civil es divideix en tres etapes cronològiques. La primera comprèn des de l'inici de l'aixecament el juliol del 36 fins al mes d'octubre del mateix any, quan els anarcosindicalistes entren a formar part d'un nou govern de concentració. S'estudia principalment el paper del Comitè Sanitari de Milicies Antifeixistes i la resposta de la Conselleria de Sanitat davant del "nou ordre". La segona etapa s'estén des de l'octubre de 1936 fins als mes de maig de 1937, data que marca la fi de l'hegemonia anarquista. L'actuació del metge Félix Marti Ibáñez, Director general del Departament, i el paper del Consell de Sanitat de Guerra omplen el capìtol. La tercera etapa recull la darrera fase de la guerra a Catalunya, fins el mes de gener de 1939. La conselleria ha de fer front als problemes dels bombardeigs, dels refugiats, de la manca de queviures i de l'empitjorament de les condicions higièniques i sanitàries de la població. La progresiva militarització de la Sanitat es tradueix en la creació i ampliació de la xarxa d'Hospitals de Sang.
El final de la guerra, amb els problemes sanitaris dels civils i soldats que marxen cap a l'exili marca la fi de l'estudi.
En este trabajo se estudia la política y la organización sanitarias llevadas a cabo por el Gobierno de Cataluña durante el período que abarca desde la proclamación de la Segunda República en abril de 1931 hasta el final de la Guerra Civil a principios de 1939.
Durante los primeros años del régimen republicano, y tras unas primeras medidas de contenido circunstancial, la aprobación del Estatuto de Autonomía permite al gobierno catalán iniciar una discreta labor legislativa, que se verá interrumpida por los sucesivos cambios de orientación política. Destaca en este período el protagonismo del consejero Josep Dencàs.
El período de la Guerra Civil se divide en tres etapas cronológicas. Durante la primera (julio-octubre de 1936) se estudia principalmente el papel del Comité Sanitario de las Milicias Antifascistas y la respuesta de la Consejería de Sanidad ante el "nuevo orden". La segunda etapa (octubre 1936- mayo 1937) termina con el fin de la hegemonía anarquista. La actuación del médico Félix Martí Ibáñez, Director General de Sanidad y Asistencia Social, y el papel del Consejo de Sanidad de Guerra llenan este capítulo. Durante la tercera etapa (mayo 1937-enero 1939) la Consejería se enfrenta a los problemas que plantean los bombardeos aéreos, los refugiados, la falta de alimentos y el empeoramiento de las condiciones higiénicas y sanitarias de la población. Finalmente, la progresiva militarización de la Sanidad se traduce en la creación y ampliación de una extensa red de Hospitales destinados a acoger a los combatientes heridos y enfermos.
In this work we study the sanitary politic and organization developed by the Catalunya Government during the period between the proclamation of the Second Republic in Abril 1931 and the end of the Civil War at the beginning of 1939.
In the early stage of the Republican Régime, and after the first arrangements, the approval of the Autonomy Statute allowed the Catalan Government to start a reasonable legislative labour, which was often interrupt by the several political changes. To point up during this period the importance of the Councillor Josep Dencàs.
The Civil War Period is divided in three chronological stages. During the first stage ( July- October 1936) the role of the Sanitary Committee of the Antifascist Militia and the answer of the Health Ministry towards the 'new order' was studied.
The second stage ( October 1936- May 1937) finished with the end of the Anarchist hegemony. To remark the work of the doctor Felix Martí Ibañez, Sanitary and Welfare Managing Director, and the role of the Military Health Council
During the third stage ( May 1937- January 1939) the Ministry faced the problems of the raids, refugees, shortage of food and the deterioration of health and hygienic people conditions. Finally, the progressive militaritation of the Public Health led to the creation of a wide system of hospitals to assist wounded and sick people.
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Cortavarria, Erick, Francisco González, Akira Mejía, and Alberto Romani. "Lanzamiento de alimento para bebés dirigido al NSE C "Sanitos"." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC. Escuela de Postgrado, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/273874.
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El presente documento desarrolla una propuesta de lanzamiento de una línea de productos de alimentación complementaria para bebés, con edades comprendidas entre los 6 y 12 meses de edad La línea de productos será lanzada por la empresa Alicorp Esta línea de productos tiene como grupo objetivo principal el NSE C, representados idealmente por Las Trabajadoras , nombre con el que el investigador peruano Rolando Arellano agrupa a personas de características similares en su libro Los Estilos de Vida en el Perú
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Nordin, Ida, and Anjeli Forsberg. "Logistiklösning för värme och sanitet : En jämförelse mellan två logistiklösningar." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215201.
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Planering av hur och var byggmaterialet levereras till byggarbetsplatsen har blivit allt merbetydelsefullt. Byggbranschen stöter på många utmaningar angående leveranser då det finns flerundantag än regler för hur en byggarbetsplats ser ut. Det går inte att förutse hur väder, mark ellertrafikförhållanden ser ut men med en genomtänkt planering går det att påverka materialhanteringen.De företag som använder en välplanerad logistik har en fördel inom produktionen så logistik är idagen stark del inom konkurrensstrategi.Syftet med denna rapport är att undersöka hur Bravida ska kunna effektivisera monteringen av värmeoch sanitet i bostäder med hjälp av en logistiklösning. Undersökningen är avgränsad till enlogistiklösning för VS-projekt som innefattar bostäder av nyproduktion med 100 lägenheter uppdeladepå fem hus.Genom informationssökning och intervjuer skapades två logistikmetoder som var intressanta förBravida att undersöka. Metod 1 baseras på tjänster som utförs av externa företag som Grossist A,Leverantör A och Flyttfirma B. Metod 2 baseras på användningen av ett bygglogistikcenter i Bravidasbefintliga lagerlokal i Nynäshamn. Huvudsyftet med metoderna är att låta montörerna fokusera påvärdeskapande moment genom att överföra arbetsmoment som beställning, förflyttning och kapningtill projektledare, flyttfirmor, leverantörer och långtidssjukskrivna personer.För att genomföra beräkningar granskades arbetstiderna hos montörer, projektledare och projektörerför att se hur mycket tid arbetsmomenten krävde. Därefter gestaltades ett produktionstypfall för attberäkna framtida arbetstider och kostnader vid användning av Metod 1 och 2. Resultatet visade attMetod 1 skulle öka den ekonomiska lönsamheten med 8,2 % jämfört med 5,7 % med Metod 2.Förutom en ekonomisk lönsamhet skulle Metod 1 bidra till en bättre miljö samt att montörerna får enbättre arbetsmiljö som även påverkar hela byggarbetsplatsen.I diskussionskapitlet granskas Metod 1 djupare med dess innebörd för Bravida och jämförelser tillderas nuvarande kostnader och tidsåtgångar.When planning how and where the building materials gets delivered to the construction site hasbecome increasingly more important. The construction industry is facing many challenges regardingdeliveries as there are more exceptions than regulations for how a construction site looks. It is notpossible to predict how weather, ground or traffic conditions are, but with a thoughtful planning it ispossible to influence material management. The companies that use well planned logistics has anadvantage in production, therefore today logistics is a strong part of the competition strategy.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how Bravida can be more effective when installing heatingand sanitation in buildings using a logistics solution. The thesis is delimited to a logistics solution forheating and sanitation projects involving newly built houses with 100 apartments divided into fivebuildings.Through information retrieval and interviews, two logistics methods were created that wereinteresting for Bravida to investigate. Method 1 is based on services performed by external companiessuch as Grossist A, Leverantör A and Flyttfirma B. Method 2 is based on the use of a buildinglogistics center in Bravidas existing warehouse in Nynäshamn. The main purpose of these methods isto allow the installers to focus on value creating moments by transferring suboperations such asordering, relocate and cutting materials to project managers, movers, suppliers and long-term sickpeople.In order to do the calculations the working hours of installers, project managers and planners wereexamined to see how much time the workflow demanded. Thereafter, a production typical case wasconfigured to calculate future working hours and expenses using Methods 1 and 2. The result showedthat Method 1 would increase economic profitability by 8.2 % compared with 5.7 % for Method 2.Besides economic profitability Method 1 also gives a better environment and the installers get a betterworking environment that also affects the entire construction site.In the discussion chapter, Method 1 is investigated deeper with its significance for Bravida andcomparisons to their current expense and duration.
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Brognara, Francesco. "Il project financing nella realizzazione di opere di interesse pubblico: un caso nel settore della sanita." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6384/.
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Ferrari, Francesca. "Rischi per la salute e dinamiche assicurative : la logica precauzionale in sanita' e nella tutela dell'ambiante." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0038.
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Campbell, Kyle Joseph. "Walking With A Ghost: Sodomy, Sanity and the Secular." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/538.
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In the last twenty-five years there has been a boom in scholarship on Charles Brockden Brown that connects his work to social developments that occurred in the early American republic. Brown scholars often read him as a man ahead of his time as his writing addresses, hints at, or even inverts social mores. The scholarship around Brown's novel Edgar Huntly has concentrated on how the narrative addresses westward expansion and white settlers' relationship with Native Americans or the ways in which Edgar Huntly connects to Revolutionary society. Kate Ward Sugar engages with this narrative in a different way, exploring the dynamic of sleepwalking as a way to address male homosocial bonds. Scholars though continue to side step the eroticism within this narrative and the implications of somnambulism's status as a mental illness being tied to an unnamed desire. My thesis will therefore address this gap in the scholarship by integrating a queer and historicist reading of Edgar Huntly to suggest that Brown's use of sleepwalking is done to reflect a social fear of the homoerotic.
It is the goal of my thesis to explore Edgar Huntly as a narrative that weaves the danger of sodomy to sleepwalking, suggesting an implicit relationship between madness, illness, and same-sex desire. In order to fulfill this goal this thesis will employ a queer historicist approach, which aims to engage with the ambiguity of Brown's work to reveal insights into the early American republic. After all as Brown wrote in Edgar Huntly, "There are two modes of drawing forth the secrets of another, by open and direct means and by circuitous and indirect" (4). To develop this paper's argument, I will need to explore the casual relationship between the loss of Waldegrave's letters and Edgar's emotional distress as the cause of his sleepwalking. Brown himself described this as, "...a supposition not to be endured. Yet ominous terrors haunted me", as Edgar's dread is fixated upon the potential of an unauthorized reader seeing these texts (91). Furthermore, close readings of Brown's description of Edgar's fixation on Clithero will highlight his unspeakable desire. This relationship will also allow us to later compare their fates as Clithero becomes, "a madman whose liberty is dangerous, and who requires to be fettered and imprisoned as the most atrocious criminal," while Edgar leaves for Europe with his fiancé (193). Finally, drawing upon medical and legal texts from this period will show how Edgar Huntly suggests a pathologization of sexuality within the time period, in particular the developing figure of a secularized sodomite. This reading of Edgar Huntly not only expands the scholarship on sexuality in Brown's writing, but also the history of sexuality, pointing towards a social development currently unexplored by scholars of the early American republic.
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Lahouar, Saher. "A context based data sanity checking algorithm and its implementation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37248.
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In this dissertation, we present a cost-effective, neural network-based technique for data sanity checking and small system parameter monitoring which utilizes the contextual information in which data is collected to avoid the need for multiple metering. Multiple metering is not always a feasible nor an optimal solution to the problem. In an environment where it is necessary to monitor a large number of different physical variables, the mere installation and maintenance of multiple metering equipment can prove to be very costly. Moreover, multiple measurements of the same quantity result in a phenomenon known as data explosion. Context-based sensoyvalidation is achieved through cross sensor redundancy, which is not to be confused with metering redundancy. Neural networks are used to model the relationships among the various parameters and to provide context-based estimates which help in identifying sensor (versus system) malfunction. Slow tracking of the relationships among the parameters as they change over time is made possible through on-line training of the neural networks on the most recent data. This helps to account for the dependency of the relationships among system parameters on the range of external variables such as ambient temperature.
A prototypical system titled DASANEX is implemented to illustrate the validity of the technique. The system is used to monitor and filter real-time transformer and ambient temperature data. A proof-of-concept is established using field data from the city of Martinsville Electric Department. Results prove the superior ability of the technique to identify sensor malfunction and to provide real-time adequate replacement values during short downtimes of the sensors even when some sensor data are missing or contaminated.Ph. D.
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Dahlin, Martin. "Tillgång till rent dricksvatten och drägliga sanitära anläggningar. - En analys av GoAL WaSH." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170048.
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Brist på rent vatten och bra toalett- och sanitetsanläggningar har allvarliga konsekvenser för människors hälsa. Idag saknar 748 miljoner människor tillgång till rent vatten och kunskap om hygien (World Health Organization & UNICEF, 2014). Problemet är så pass allvarligt att FN gjorde det till ett av sina millenniemål att halvera antalet människor utan tillgång till säkert dricksvatten och grundläggande toaletter till år 2015. På senare tid, först efter att investeringar i teknologi och infrastruktur inte uppnått sin fulla potential, har insatser ökat för att hjälpa länder att koordinera sin vatten- och miljöledning. I takt med att det blir vanligare är det av vikt att kunna utvärdera arbetet och bedöma betydelsen av insatserna (Tropp, 2007). Denna studie har analyserat projektet GoAL WaSH som verkar i länder som ligger efter med att uppnå millenniemålen. Arbetet som GoAL WaSH utför går ut på att implementera reformer och påverka policy, samt införliva vatten- och sanitetfrågan i nationella strategier. Analysen av GoAL WaSH har syftat till att utreda vad GoAL WaSH uträttar och hur prestationen kan bedömas. Målet är att se hur väl projektet bidrar till att uppnå millenniemålen och förbättra situationen för människor utan rent dricksvatten och sanitära anläggningar. För analysen har tillgång till en databas erhållits, innehållande dokument som redovisar vad som har åstadkommits i länderna som GoAL WaSH samarbetar med. Genom att granska innehållet och kategorisera arbete som utförts i samarbetsländerna har analysen åskådliggjort vad som har uträttats. Studien har inte kunna avgöra hur väl GoAL WaSH bidrar till att uppnå millenniemålen, eftersom det har saknats statistik över hur många människor som fått tillgång till rent dricksvatten och sanitära anläggningar till följd av projektet. Däremot avslöjar analysen hur väl projektet lyckas med sin ambition att genomföra reformer. Den visar att den största delen av arbetet involverar förarbete av policy- och lagförslag och att skapa förutsättningar för länderna att bedriva en mer hållbar ledning i vattenfrågor. Om detta förarbete sedan leder till att vatten- och sanitetsfrågan införlivas i nationella strategier och myndigheternas styrning återstår att se. Därför går det endast att vara försiktigt optimistisk över vad som har åstadkommits.A lack of clean water and good toilet and sanitation facilities has serious consequences for the people and their health. Today 748 million people have no access to clean water and knowledge of hygiene. (World Health Organization & UNICEF, 2014). The problem is so serious that the UN made it one of their millennium goals to reduce by half the number of people without access to safe drinking water and basic toilets by 2015. Recently, only after investment in technology and infrastructure have not reached their full potential, have efforts increased to help countries to coordinate and govern their water and environment sector. As this becomes more common it is important to be able to evaluate and assess the importance of the efforts (Tropp, 2007). This study has analysed the GoAL WaSH project which operates in countries which are lagging behind in reaching the millennium goals. The work GoAL WaSH carries out is intended to implement reforms and influence policy, and incorporate water and sanitation into national strategies. The purpose of the analysis of GoAL WaSH has been to investigate what GoAL WaSH achieves and determine how its’ performance can be assessed. The aim is to see to what extent the project contributes to achieving the millennium goals and improving the situation for people without drinking water and sanitation facilities. In order to carry out the analysis, access to a database has been obtained including documents which give accounts of what has been achieved in countries which GoAL WaSH cooperates with. By reviewing the contents and categorizing the work which is carried out in cooperating countries the analyses has made clear what has been achieved. The study has not be able to determine how well GoAL WaSH contributes to achieving the millennium goals since statistics are not available regarding how many people have received access to clean drinking water and sanitation facilities as a result of the project. On the other hand the analysis reveals how well the project has succeeded with its’ ambition to carry out reforms and strengthen governance. It shows that the greatest amount of work involves preparatory work in policy and law suggestions and creating a platform for countries to carry out more sustainable governance in questions regarding water. If this preparatory work then leads to water and sanitation issues being implemented in national strategies and, thereby, strengthening governance of the water and sanitation sector remains to be seem. Therefore, there can only be a careful optimism surrounding what has been achieved.
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Lindegren, Lovisa. "Personer inom biståndsorganisationers erfarenhet av arbetet med vatten och sanitet : En kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-27952.
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Tillgång till rent vatten och grundläggande sanitet är en mänsklig rättighet. Trots detta saknar idag 800 miljoner människor tillgång till rent vatten och 2,5 miljarder människor tillgång till grundläggande sanitet. Om universell tillgång till rent vatten och grundläggande sanitet gjordes möjlig skulle detta kunna rädda 2,5 miljoner människor varje år från att dö av sjukdomar orsakade av smutsigt vatten och bristfällig sanitet. Idag arbetar flera biståndsorganisationer med att tillhandahålla vatten och sanitet, dels genom implementering av projekt dels genom politisk påverkan. Denna studie undersöker genom fem kvalitativa intervjuer vilka erfarenheter personer som arbetar med att tillhandahålla vatten och sanitet har av arbetet. Undersökningen visar att arbetet med vatten och sanitet är komplext där anpassning efter varje land måste göras. Detta påverkas av vilka sociala konstruktioner som ligger till grund för diskriminerande praktik, geografiska förhållanden samt av kulturella skillnader.
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Salem, Claire Elayne. "Sanity, insanity, and man’s being as understood by St. John Chrysostom." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3269/.
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This study examines St. John Chrysostom's teaching on two strands of thought. The first relates to a modern Orthodox commonplace holding eastern Christian thought as fundamentally therapeutic, in contrast to a juridical western Christianity. It was hypothesized that 1) neither provides a strong fundamental paradigm because each can be variously interpreted based on one's answer to the question, “What is man?” and 2) the πολιτεία of heaven (the theme, according to Chrysostom, of all the evangelists), might provide a sufficient paradigm. The πολιτεία of heaven does provide a better major paradigm – seamlessly incorporating therapeutic and juridical language and the common Christian understanding of man as a communal being in relation firstly with God and then with creation. However, this paradigm requires fleshing out with various images to avoid being misconstrued. The second strand furthered earlier work on the Orthodox understanding of sanity, insanity, and demonic possession. Chrysostom allowed for non-demonic mental illness, but was far more concerned with the insanity of sin than with mental illness or possession. This view is common, but Chrysostom is remarkable for his enormous compassion for both groups and his vehement insistence that sin is far worse insanity. Both strands show man on a continuum – the lower limit case being the ἄλογος man who lives for himself and temporal things; the upper case, exemplified by the monk – the true member of the πολιτεία of heaven – who loves God and neighbor and seeks heavenly things. The thesis concludes by examining the consequences of these findings for modern Chrysostom scholarship. These include the necessity of 1) taking seriously Chrysostom’s accusations of insanity and demonic possession, 2) examining the effect of materialistic and democratic presuppositions on one’s understanding of Chrysostom’s work, and 3) addressing the question, “How does one study somebody who would consider one insane?”
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Benini, Stefano <1972>. "L’«educativo» in sanità: reti di complessità e orizzonti di possibilità." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5595/.
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La tesi analizza il dialogo tra due prospettive disciplinari: pedagogia e scienze mediche aprendo ad una serie di riflessioni operative e metodologiche per lo sviluppo della competenza educativa in sanità.
Si tratta di un lavoro di ricerca pedagogica articolata in due parti:una teoretica e una empirica.
La prima parte pone l’attenzione in modo particolare all’epistemologia della cura sanitaria nella prospettiva della complessità e agli elementi che definiscono la competenza educativa degli operatori.
La seconda parte presenta i dati di una indagine esplorativa realizzata tramite focus group che ha coinvolto medici, infermieri, ostetriche e fisioterapisti della provincia di Bologna e medici, infermieri e fisioterapisti del Canton Ticino, Svizzera per far emergere le esperienze, i vissuti e le opinioni legate alle azioni educative sanitarieThe thesis analyzes the dialogue between two disciplines: pedagogy and medical sciences. The aim is opening a series of practice and methodological reflections to improve the educational expertise in healthcare . This educational research is divided in two parts: the first one regarding theories and models of educational care in health practice; the second one is an empirical research. The focus on the first part is the epistemology of health and the educational care analyzing from perspective of complexity. The second part presents data from an explorative research realized through focus groups including doctors, nurses, midwives and physiotherapists in Bologna and doctors, nurses and physiotherapists in Switzerland (Canton Ticino) to bring out experiences, viewpoint and actions about health education.
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Lanzellotto, Rossana <1983>. "La farmacogenetica della narcolessia: comorbidità psichiatriche e risvolti in sanità pubblica." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5827/.
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La farmacogenetica fornisce un importante strumento utile alla prescrizione farmacologica, migliorando l’efficacia terapeutica ed evitando le reazioni avverse. Il citocromo P450 gioca un ruolo centrale nel metabolismo di molti farmaci utilizzati nella pratica clinica e il suo polimorfismo genetico spiega in gran parte le differenze interindividuali nella risposta ai farmaci.
Con riferimento alla terapia della narcolessia, occorre premettere che la narcolessia con cataplessia è una ipersonnia del Sistema Nervoso Centrale caratterizzata da eccessiva sonnolenza diurna, cataplessia, paralisi del sonno, allucinazioni e sonno notturno disturbato. Il trattamento d’elezione per la narcolessia include stimolanti dopaminergici per la sonnolenza diurna e antidepressivi per la cataplessia, metabolizzati dal sistema P450. Peraltro, poiché studi recenti hanno attestato un’alta prevalenza di disturbi alimentari nei pazienti affetti da narcolessia con cataplessia, è stata ipotizzata una associazione tra il metabolismo ultrarapido del CYP2D6 e i disturbi alimentari. Lo scopo di questa ricerca è di caratterizzare il polimorfismo dei geni CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP3A5 e ABCB1 coinvolti nel metabolismo e nel trasporto dei farmaci in un campione di 108 pazienti affetti da narcolessia con cataplessia, e valutare il fenotipo metabolizzatore in un sottogruppo di pazienti che mostrano un profilo psicopatologico concordante con la presenza di disturbi alimentari. I risultati hanno mostrato che il fenotipo ultrarapido del CYP2D6 non correla in maniera statisticamente significativa con i disturbi alimentari, di conseguenza il profilo psicopatologico rilevato per questo sottogruppo di pazienti potrebbe essere parte integrante del fenotipo sintomatologico della malattia. I risultati della tipizzazione di tutti i geni analizzati mostrano un’alta frequenza di pazienti con metabolismo intermedio, elemento potenzialmente in grado di influire sulla risposta terapeutica soprattutto in caso di regime politerapico, come nel trattamento della narcolessia. In conclusione, sarebbe auspicabile l’esecuzione del test farmacogenetico in pazienti affetti da narcolessia con cataplessia.Pharmacogenetics represents an important tool to improve prescribing decisions, enhancing treatment outcomes and avoiding adverse drug reactions. Cytochrome P450 enzymes play a central role in drug metabolism and its genetic polymorphism explains a large portion of interindividual differences in drug response. Referring to the therapy of narcolepsy, it should be specified that narcolepsy with cataplexy is a serious central nervous system hypersomnia characterized by severe daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, hallucinations and awakening during sleep. First-line treatment of narcolepsy includes dopaminergic stimulants for excessive sleepiness and antidepressants for cataplexy, which are extensively metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system. Moreover, due to the high prevalence of eating disorders in narcoleptic patients showed by recent studies, an association between CYP2D6 UM phenotype and eating disorders has been hypothesized. The aim of this study was to characterize the polymorphism of CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP3A5 and ABCB1 genes, involved in drug metabolism and transport, in a total of 108 samples belonging to narcoleptic patients, and evaluate the metabolizer status in a subgroup of patients displaying a psychopathologic profile consistent with eating disorders. The results show no statistical association between CYP2D6 ultrarapid metabolism and eating disorders in narcoleptic patients, proving that these disorders seems to be an integral part of the narcolepsy phenotype. Results from genotyping of all genes analyzed in the study show a an high frequency of patients with intermediate metabolism, potentially affecting therapeutic response especially in case of polytherapy, as in narcolepsy treatment. In conclusion, pharmacogenetic testing it would be beneficial in patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy.
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Ciuffetti, Augusto. "Condizioni materiali di vita, sanità e malattie in un centro industriale Terni, 1880-1940 /." Napoli : Perugia : Edizioni scientifiche italiane ; Università degli studi di Perugia, 1996. http://books.google.com/books?id=VvjaAAAAMAAJ.
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Carano, Matteo. "Tecniche di Business Intelligence applicate al progetto "Cartella SOLE (Sanità On LinE)"." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15011/.
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La seguente tesi ha lo scopo di presentare il lavoro svolto all'interno dell’azienda Engineering Ingegneria Informatica S.p.a durante il tirocinio formativo, della durata di circa quattro mesi.
Il lavoro effettuato ha l'obiettivo di analizzare e studiare uno strumento di Business Intelligence (SpagoBI) per integrarlo nel progetto della cartella clinica informatizzata dei medici di medicina generale di base (Cartella SOLE). L'aggiunta dello strumento rende disponibile ai medici alcune funzionalità di statistica, utilizzabili al fine di semplificarne e supportarne il processo decisionale.
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Goldsmith, Melissa Marie. "Going back: Regaining solace, sanity and self Women's return to smoking postpartum." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280413.
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Cigarette smoking is associated with a myriad of health problems among those who smoke and those who are exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. Evidence indicates that even though many women stop smoking during pregnancy the majority return to smoking within the first six months after delivery. Grounded theory methodology was used to explore women's perceptions of environmental, interpersonal and intrapersonal factors that influenced them to return to smoking postpartum. Participants were over 18 years of age, and self reported that they stopped smoking during pregnancy and returned to smoking after delivery. A basic social process Going Back: Regaining Solace, Sanity and Self was discovered from nine interviews. A six stage process was discovered. Stage One, Being a Smoker described women's personal historical context of becoming and being a smoker. Stage Two Imperative to Protect: Stopping Smoking During Pregnancy For the Baby explained how women who smoke become pregnant and are motivated to stop smoking during pregnancy primarily to protect the unborn baby from harm. Stage Three, Life in Flux: Experiencing the Stress in the Postpartum Transition contributed to the context in which women returned to smoking. Many were challenged with stress from physical and psychosocial changes inherent to the postpartum period. In Stage Four Going Back: Regaining Solace, Sanity and Self, women returned to smoking post delivery. The return was one to their usual being and way of dealing with stressors of daily life. Women described many benefits of returning to smoking in this stage. Stage Five, Considering the Negative Consequences, described how after going back to smoking women realized actual and potential consequences of cigarette smoking to themselves and their children. Stage Six, Extending Protection, described tactics women used to protect their children and themselves from the dangers of cigarette smoking. The grounded theory, Going Back: Regaining Solace, Sanity and Self provides greater understanding of women's smoking behavior across the childbearing process.
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Bengtsson, Ida. "Sanitet i informell bosättning : En intervjustudie om förändringsprocessen vid införandet av ny sanitetslösning i Kibera." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-254768.
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Tillgång till sanitet är en mänsklig rättighet och en förutsättning för liv och hälsa. Trots det lever miljontals människor världen över med bristande sanitet. Den här uppsatsens syfte är att studera hur sanitetssituationen i informella bosättningar kan se ut och hur den upplevs av de boende, samt hur det är möjligt att förbättra den situationen. Genom att utföra en intervjustudie i den informella bosättningen Kibera i Kenyas huvudstad Nairobi, har de boende där fått ge sin bild av hur de upplever sanitetsproblemen och hur det gått till när sanitetslösningen Peepoo introducerades i området. I den här uppsatsen står själva förändringen i centrum och Kurt Lewins teori om förändringsprocessen används som teoretiskt verktyg. Med hjälp av den har informanternas svar analyserats för att se hur processen fortgått och vilka krafter som drivit respektive hindrat förändringen. Det framkom att ett framgångsrikt sätt att genomföra en dylik förändring är genom att minska motståndet till den genom information, både från formella och informella kanaler. Det är också viktigt att det finns tydliga incitament till att genomföra förändringen, både direkt märkbara och ur ett längre perspektiv.Access to sanitation is a human right and a prerequisite for life and health. Despite that millions of people worldwide lives without adequate sanitation. The aims of this thesis is to study how the sanitary situation in informal settlements might look like and how the situation is perceived by the residents, as well as how it is possible to improve the situation. By conducting an interview study in the informal settlement of Kibera in the capital of Kenya, Nairobi, the residents got to give their own view of how they experience the sanitary problems and how the implementation of the sanitary solution Peepoo was conducted in the area. In this thesis the change itself is in the centre and Kurt Lewin's theory of change is used as theoretical tool. With this tool the informants' answers were analysed to see how the process of introducing Peepoo proceeded, and what forces drove and hindered the change. It emerged that a successful way to implement such a change is by reducing the resistance through information, both from formal and informal channels. It is also important that there are clear incentives to implement the change, both directly perceptible and from a longer perspective.
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Speziale, Salvatore. "Oltre la peste : sanità, popolazione e società in Tunisia e nel Maghreb (XVIII-XX secolo) /." Cosenza : L. Pellegrini, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39068234n.
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Cappi, Valentina <1986>. "La sanità mediata: il rapporto medico-paziente dentro e fuori lo schermo televisivo." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7089/.
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L’obiettivo di questa tesi è rilevare se e quanto i medical dramas abbiano contribuito a ridefinire conoscenze, aspettative e pratiche dei telespettatori/pazienti rispetto a questioni concernenti la salute e il loro ruolo all’interno della relazione medico-paziente. Grazie ad un lavoro di campo, fatto di questionari e interviste con utenti, operatori della sanità di Centro e Nord Italia e studenti di Medicina, sono state poi registrate le modalità di interazione che i protagonisti della scena della cura dichiarano di sperimentare quotidianamente. Ciò ha permesso di rendere conto delle trasformazioni più recenti della professione medica e di come viene elaborato oggi il sapere sulla malattia da parte dei soggetti implicati, fra tecnicismi, atteggiamenti difensivi, sfiducia e affidamento. La tesi restituisce anche alcune modalità sperimentali di interazione fra pazienti e medici, messe in atto in contesti locali, che testimoniano l’esigenza di approdare a un sapere partecipato delle relazioni di cura. Infine, raccogliendo la sfida posta dalle medical humanities, immagina un utilizzo del medical drama nella formazione degli studenti di medicina per l’apprendimento di competenze narrative necessarie ad una pratica medica più umana e efficace.The aim of this thesis is to identify whether and to what degree medical dramas have contributed to redefine TV viewers/patients’ knowledge, expectations, and practices with regard to health-related issues and their role in the doctor-patient relationship. The fieldwork, conducted through questionnaires and interviews with users, medical students and health professionals from Central and Northern Italy, has revealed the interactional modes the key players in medical care declare to experience in everyday life. This has made it possible to access the most recent transformations within the medical profession and the way the involved actors acquire knowledges about illness, amidst technical jargon, defensive behaviours, mistrust and entrustment. Moreover, the thesis offers insight into some experimental modes of interaction between patients and physicians taking place in local contexts, revealing the need to achieve participatory understandings of health care relationships. Finally, embracing the challenge posed from the medical humanities, it conceives of medical dramas as a training tool for medical students to acquire the narrative competence necessary to a more human and effective medical practice.
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Mollo, Vittoria. ""A Great Man's Madness": An Inquiry Into Sanity and Gender in Jacobean Tragedy." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/550.
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This thesis delves deep into an analysis of madness in two seventeenth century tragic plays: William Shakespeare's Macbeth and John Webster's The Duchess of Malfi. The first portion of the dissertation will provide historical background and context. The rest will be a critical literary analysis centered around the argument that both plays present an inextricable connection between loss of mental clarity and gender.
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RICCI, ALBERTO. "Collaborazioni pubblico-privato in sanità: classificazione, misurazione della performance, impatti ad ampio raggio." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/10587.
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In un periodo di risorse pubbliche scarse e bisogni collettivi complessi, le collaborazioni (o partenariati) pubblico-privato (PPP) rappresentano un’opzione preziosa per i decisori pubblici e una fonte di crescente interesse per gli studiosi. In tali collaborazioni, il privato viene coinvolto in scelte che, spesso, hanno un notevole impatto sugli interessi pubblici. Tuttavia, i fini istituzionali dei partner continueranno ad essere diversi e dunque a generare delle tensioni. In questo contesto, la ricerca di efficaci forme di accountability (rendicontazione in senso ampio, trasparenza) riveste grande importanza. I tre articoli della tesi dottorale si concentrano sulle PPP in ambito sanitario e socio-sanitario; si ricollegano al tema della valutazione, anche preventiva, delle PPP come strumento per rispondere adeguatamente ai bisogni pubblici.
Il primo articolo rifinisce e allarga le attuali classificazioni delle possibili forme di governance delle PPP. Sul piano teorico, il lavoro mostra un’associazione tra alcune classiche determinanti dell’esternalizzazione dei servizi pubblici (misurabilità e contendibilità) e tratti come la forma giuridica, la natura dei partner, gli obiettivi strategici. Il secondo articolo approfondisce le caratteristiche contingenti dei PPP che possono orientare l’elaborazione di efficaci sistemi di performance measurement. Come contributo teorico, il lavoro presenta un modello per regolare il grado di disclosure economica della collaborazione nei confronti del pubblico e i trade off tra fattibilità e ricchezza della misurazione. Il terzo articolo approfondisce l’impatto delle PPP per il rinnovamento infrastrutturale e la gestione di servizi di supporto in ambito ospedaliero, focalizzandosi su alcuni aspetti non finanziari di valutazione: la coerenza delle caratteristiche quali-quantitative dell’infrastruttura con i desiderata aziendali (alla consegna e nel tempo); la flessibilità di adeguamento a potenziali cambiamenti nei bisogni epidemiologici; il contributo alla riduzione della complessità del cambiamento interno (organizzativo) ed esterno (stakeholder management). Sul piano teorico, l’articolo identifica le PPP come mezzo per conservare autonomia strategica a livello meso (regione) e micro (azienda), anche se gli impatti globali sono molto influenzati dalle economie di esperienza.In times of resource scarcity and swift change in collective needs, public authorities are making increasing use of public - private partnerships (PPPs) to reshape day-by-day delivery of public services or to renovate infrastructure. In PPPs, the private partners become involved in government decision-making and program delivery; however, those partners maintain their own long-term institutional objectives, which naturally diverge from public ones. The three papers of the dissertation relate to the application of the accountability issue to PPPs, with different sub-themes, drawn from Forrer et al. (2010): characteristics and classification of the partnership; performance measurement and management; social and political impacts. The first paper aims to refine the governance taxonomy of PPPs focusing on public service provision. Considering the levels of service contestability and measurability, which were drawn from the literature on public service outsourcing, the study identified four clusters of partnerships. With each of these clusters, I associated some relevant governance features: legal form, institutional aim of the partners, and strategic goal of the PPP. Indeed, higher levels of measurability appear to be associated with contractual (non-organizational) forms of partnerships, whereas higher contestability with corporate forms involving for profit partners. The second paper draws on the consolidated literature on performance management and contingency theory to identify appropriate Key Performance Measures (KPM) for service-focused PPPs. The work provides a model drawing on the integration with the public system to regulate the degree of economic disclosure; while it draws on the degree of specialization to solve the trade-off between measurement feasibility and richness. The third paper focuses on the specific impact of a PPP-DBFO (Design, Build, Finance, Operate) operation on three non-financial issues: building’s compliance to public partner’s desiderata, infrastructure’s flexibility and project’s governance complexity. PPPs appear to help policymakers and managers to maintain the possibility of making strategic choices. If the public partner is experienced enough to cope with a laborious practice, the PPP can help to reach notable social and political achievements; however, costs remain higher compared to the public finance alternative.
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Carretero, Pifarré Víctor. "Assaig clínic d'un tractament grupal en dones amb depressió a la sanitat pública: Projecte PROM-SA·D." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671021.
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La depressió està considerada com el trastorn més comú de l'estat d'ànim, produeix un dany a nivell funcional comparable amb les malalties mèdiques més greus, i pot conduir a una càrrega considerable de malalties i la mortalitat. L'OMS va preveure que en el 2020 aquest trastorn seria la segona malaltia a nivell mundial en quantitat d'afectats, sent les dones la part de la població més vulnerable davant aquesta malaltia. Per altra banda, l’àrea de salut d’atenció primària és el principal recurs públic que acull a les persones afectades per aquest trastorn.
L’objectiu principal d’aquest estudi consisteix en avaluar l’efectivitat d’una intervenció psicoterapèutica grupal basada en la millora de competències adaptatives, dins l’àrea d’atenció primària, amb una mostra de dones que presenten trastorn depressiu. Tanmateix, es pretén comparar l’efectivitat d’aquest tractament (anomenat TCCEM) basat en el treball de l’atenció plena, la intel·ligència emocional i l’autoestima, envers al tractament cognitiu-conductual (TCC) que és el grup control en aquest estudi.
Mètode: Les participants de l’estudi constitueixen una mostra de 120 pacients; el disseny de la investigació consisteix en un assaig clínic aleatoritzat, pel que es va assignar a les participants en dos grups de forma homogènia, 60 pertanyents al grup experimental TCCEM i 60 al grup control TCC. Els instruments utilitzats s’han classificat en 3 categories, segons si valoraven variables clíniques [Inventari de Depressió de Beck-II (BDI-II), Qüestionari d’Ansietat Estat Tret (STAI) i Qüestionari de 90 Símptomes Revisat (SCL-90-R)], competències adaptatives [Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24), Quality of Life Scale (QOL) i l’Escala d’autoestima de Rosenberg] i el nivell de l’aliança terapèutica [Working Alliance Theory of Change Inventory (WATOCI)].
Resultats: Els resultats indiquen que el tractament experimental TCCEM i el TCC han obtingut resultats clínics similars en la milloria de la simptomatologia clínica (ansietat-estat i depressió) i en l’adaptativa (intel·ligència emocional, autoestima, satisfacció amb la vida). En el TCCEM s’observa un resultat superior en l’ansietat-tret i en les capacitats d’observar i actuar del mindfulness.
Conclusions: El TCCEM ha esdevingut una intervenció eficaç per al tractament dels trastorns de l’estat d’ànim i de l’ansietat similar al TCC en les variables clíniques i adaptatives, mostrant millors resultats que el grup control en l’ansietat tret i en la capacitat d’observar i actuar amb consciència.La depresión está considerada como el trastorno más común del estado de ánimo, produce un daño a nivel funcional comparable con las enfermedades médicas más graves, y puede conducir a una carga considerable de enfermedades y la mortalidad. La OMS predijo que en 2020 este trastorno sería la segunda enfermedad a nivel mundial en cantidad de afectados, siendo las mujeres la parte de la población más vulnerable ante esta enfermedad. Por otra parte, el área de salud de atención primaria es el principal recurso público que acoge a las personas afectadas por este trastorno. El objetivo principal de este estudio consiste en evaluar la efectividad de una intervención psicoterapéutica grupal basada en la mejora de competencias adaptativas, dentro del área de atención primaria, con una muestra de mujeres que presentan trastorno depresivo. Sin embargo, se pretende comparar la efectividad de este tratamiento (llamado TCCEM) basado en el trabajo de la atención plena, la inteligencia emocional y la autoestima, para con el tratamiento cognitivo-conductual (TCC) que es el grupo control en este estudio. Método: Las participantes del estudio constituyen una muestra de 120 pacientes; el diseño de la investigación consiste en un ensayo clínico aleatorizado, por lo que se asignó a las participantes en dos grupos de forma homogénea, 60 pertenecientes al grupo experimental TCCEM y 60 al grupo control TCC. Los instrumentos utilizados han clasificado en 3 categorías, según valoraban variables clínicas [Inventario de Depresión Beck-II (BDI-II), Qüestionario de Ansiedad Estado Rasgo (STAI) y Qüestionario de 90 Sintomas Revisado (SCL-90-R)], competencias adaptativas [Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24), Quality of Life Scale (QOL) y la Escala de autoestima de Rosenberg] y el nivel de la alianza terapéutica [Working Alliance Theory of Change Inventory (WATOCI)]. Resultados: Los resultados indican que el tratamiento experimental TCCEM y el TCC han obtenido resultados clínicos similares en la mejoría de la sintomatología clínica (ansiedad-estado y depresión) y en la adaptativa (inteligencia emocional, autoestima, satisfacción con la vida). En el TCCEM se observa un resultado superior en la ansiedad-rasgo y en las capacidades de observar y actuar del mindfulness. Conclusiones: El TCCEM ha convertido en una intervención eficaz para el tratamiento de los trastornos del estado de ánimo y de la ansiedad similar al TCC en las variables clínicas y adaptativas, mostrando mejores resultados que el grupo control en la ansiedad rasgo y en la capacidad de observar y actuar con consciencia.
Depression is considered the most common mood disorder. It produces damage at a functional level comparable to the most serious medical illnesses, and can lead to a considerable burden of disease and mortality. WHO predicts that by 2020 this disorder will be the second disease worldwide in terms of the number of people affected, with women being the most vulnerable part of the population. On the other hand, the Primary Health Care area is the main public resource that welcomes people affected by this disorder. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness intervention of a group psychotherapeutic based on the improvement of adaptive skills, within the primary care area, with a sample of women with depressive disorder. However, it is intended to compare the effectiveness of this treatment (called CBTC) based on mindfulness, emotional intelligence and self-esteem, training with the cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT) that the control group will suppose in this study. Method: The sample is constituted by 120 patients; the research design consists of a randomized clinical trial, so the participants were assigned in two groups in a homogeneous way, 60 belonging to the experimental CBT group and 60 to the CBT control group. The instruments used have been classified into 3 categories, as assessed by clinical variables (Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R)), adaptive skills Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24), Quality of Life Scale (QOL) and The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale) and the level of therapeutic alliance Working Alliance Theory of Change Inventory (WATOCI)). Results: The results indicate that the experimental TCCEM treatment and CBT have obtained similar clinical results in the improvement of clinical symptoms (anxiety-state and depression) and in the adaptive one (emotional intelligence, self-esteem, satisfaction with life). The TCCEM has achieved a superior result in anxiety-trait and in the ability to observe and act of mindfulness. Conclusions: The TCCEM has become an effective intervention for the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders similar to CBT in clinical and adaptive variables, showing a greater influence than the control group on trait anxiety and ability of observing and acting.
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Rylander, Sofia. "En studie om utmaningar kopplade till sanitet och hygien i biståndsprojekt : Med fokus på Kenyas landsbygd." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284576.
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”Rent vatten och sanitet för alla” är ett av FN:s globla mål med ambitionen att alla människor ska ha tillgång till rent vatten och god sanitet innan 2030. Denna rapport är en litteraturstudie med syftet att undersöka vilka utmaningar som finns kopplade till sanitet och hygien i utvecklingsländer. Vatten, sanitet och hygien (WASH), är alla kopplade till varandra men för att avgränsa har denna rapport fokuserat på sanitet och hygien. Studien var från början tänkt som en ”Minor fiend study”, (MFS) som skulle ägt rum i skolor i Kenya via Frälsningsarméns WASH projekt. På grund av pandemin Covid-19 kunde inte resan genomföras och rapporten resulterade därför i en litteraturstudie. I och med tillgång till rapporter från Frälsningsarméns WASH projekt i Kenya, består en stor del av denna litteraturstudie av att utvärdera dessa för att hitta de utmaningar de ställts och just nu ställs inför. En del av de utmaningar som denna rapport tar upp är hur kriser som klimatförändringar påverkar arbetet kring sanitet och pressar utvecklingen av latriner framåt. Jämställdhetsfrågor gällande sanitet mellan kvinnor och män, samt mellan andra grupper i samhället. Hur flickors skolgång kan påverkas positivt av tillgång till bra sanitet på skolorna. Det visar sig också vara viktigt att känna ägandeskap av latriner för att känna ett ansvar om att förvalta och ta hand om latrinerna. Ägandeskap samt självreflektion över sitt eget beteende och sin egen miljö är något som det arbetas med i community led total sanitation approach (CLTS approach), en approach som Frälsningsarmén och många andra projekt inom WASH jobbar med. Dessa är några av de utmaningar inom sanitetsarbeten som tas upp i denna rapport. En slutsats är att koncepten disaster risk reduction (DRR) och ”Recilience” är bra för att minimera konsekvenserna vid eventuella katastrofer. Båda metoderna har ett fokus på att förbereda samhällen att agera på och återhämta sig så snabbt som möjligt efter katastrofer orsakade av exempelvis klimatförändring. Klimatförändringar sätter också press på utvecklingen av förbättrade sanitetsystem då infrastrukturen för sanitet i utvecklingsländer ofta ör känsliga för extrema väder. En annan slutsats är att uppföljning av sanitetsprojekt på längre sikt behöver förbättras. På grund av resursbrist kan detta vara svårt men kan på längre sikt löna sig då eventuella brister efter en längre tid kan upptäckas och förebyggas. Istället för att fokusera på hårdvara så som antal latriner per skola är det bättre att jobba för en beteendeförändring från open defecation (OD) till open defecation free (ODF). Detta är något som görs i approachen CLTS som tycks vara en fungerande metod. CLTS approach förmedlar en känsla av ägandeskap av latrinerna detta genererar ett ökat ansvar och underhåll vilket är positivt. CLTS blir som mest effektiv då självreflektion kombineras med rådgivning och guidning. För att på sikt minska behovet av bistånd gällande sanitet behövs arbete med kapacitetsbyggande och ägandeskap hos nationella myndigheter. Att samarbeta med myndigheter på nationell nivå ökar medvetenhet kring sanitet samt ökar förutsättningarna för en bättre och bestående överblick."To ensure sanitation for all" is one of the UN's sustainable development goals, with the ambition to have clean water and decent toilets for everyone before the year 2030. This paper is a literature study with the purpose to examine challenges connected to sanitation and hygiene in developing countries, with a focus on Kenya. Water, sanitation, and hygiene, (WASH), are all three connected, but to limit this report, only sanitation and hygiene will be studied. The study was, to begin with, supposed to be a “Minor field study” (MFS), taking place in Kenya, in The Salvation Army ́s (TSA) WASH project. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the journey got canceled and the report resulted in a literature study. A major portion of this study is an evaluation of reports of TSA’s WASH project in Kenya, with the purpose to identify current and past challenges of the project. Some of the challenges named in this report addresses to crises, like how climate change affects the work with sanitation and forces the development of latrines forward. Equality in sanitation between men and women, and between other groups in society; and how sanitation in schools has a positive effect on girls' schooling. It also illustrates the correlation between ownership of latrines and increased responsibility. Ownership and self-reflection are something the community led total sanitation approach (CLTS approach) works with and approached used in TSA and other WASH projects. These are some of the challenges of sanitation work that this report includes. One of the conclusions is that the concepts disaster risk reduction (DRR) and "Resilience" are adequate methods to minimize the consequences of disasters. In bouth methods there is a focus on preparing commuities how to act and how to bounce back after disasters caused by, for example, climate change. Climate change also challenges the technics used in sanitation systems since the infrastructure of sanitation in developing countries is sensitive to extreme weather. Another conclusion is the need to monitor the projects in the long term. Due to a lack of resources, this can be challenging, but it will be worth it if eventual deficiencies can be discovered and prevented. Instead of focusing on hardware as the number of latrines per student, the focus should be on changing the behavior from open defecation (OD) to open defecation free (ODF). This is dealt with in the CLTS approach, which seems to be an effective method. The CLTS approach works for implementing a feel of ownership, this increase responsibility and monitoring which is positive. The CLTS approach is most effective when combining self- reflection with consulting and guidance. To minimize the need for aid, in the long run, the national government need to have capacity and interests on their own. A well working cooperation with governments on a national level increases the awareness of sanitation and results in a greater overview.
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Creta, Giacomo. "l'Health Technology Assessment per l'acquisizione di tecnologie sanitarie: ruolo in un sistema sanitario nazionale e il caso Cina." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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Oltre il 50% della popolazione mondiale vive in un contesto nel quale lo stato centrale investe meno dell’8% di PIL in sanità. La sempre maggior diffusione di tecnologia specializzata nelle operazioni di diagnosi, terapia ed assistenza medica ed i crescenti investimenti in ricerca e sviluppo necessari ad assicurare al mercato migliori performance ed elevati standard di sicurezza hanno fatto in modo che le voci di bilancio dedicate ai dispositivi medici ad alto tasso tecnologico crescessero in numero e peso specifico nei bilanci delle strutture sanitarie e del servizio sanitario nazionale. Il dibattito sulla sostenibilità e sull’organizzazione di un sistema sanitario ha dato origine e diffusione, negli ultimi anni, al termine “Health Technology Assessment” abbreviato nell’acronimo HTA. L’invecchiamento della popolazione e la necessità di una sanità che si occupi della prevenzione e della gestione delle malattie croniche comporterà sicuramente un aumento del costo della sanità. In Paesi a limitata reperibilità di risorse, a maggior ragione, le metodiche dell’HTA divengono uno strumento fondamentale e irrinunciabile per operare nel migliore dei modi soddisfacendo le necessità di vincolo senza per questo rinunciare ad erogare prestazioni sanitarie di base e non a tutta la popolazione. Dopo aver contestualizzato storicamente l’argomento si discuteranno la problematica del caso Cina: un paese dall’economia forte ma dal sistema sanitario sviluppato tardivamente che vedrà, grazie agli investimenti nazionali, un forte sviluppo nel prossimo decennio. Storia dell’HTA nel paese asiatico e l’attuale mercato dei dispositivi biomedici.
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Loizidou, Elena. "The King's mad spot : the legal regulation of in-sanity in nineteenth century England." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337216.
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Sassi, Silvia. "Analisi, progettazione e sviluppo di un modulo di gestione di messaggistica orientato alla sanità." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6252/.
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Realizzazione di una libreria che permetta ad applicazioni di diverso tipo e distribuite sulla rete di scambiarsi messaggi con lo scopo di estendere le funzionalità di ciascuna applicazione con quelle fornite dalle altre applicazioni e di rendere virtuali le risorse aziendali, permettendo in questo modo alla logica di business del sistema sanitario di essere sviluppata e gestita indipendentemente dall’infrastruttura della rete e senza apportare modifiche alle applicazioni già sviluppate.
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Pacileo, Guglielmo <1972>. "Giustizia sanitaria e diseguaglianze globali in salute: il caso dell'aiuto allo sviluppo in sanità." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3995/.
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Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years that a group of people born in the same year should live. The estimate for those born in 2010 is 80.2 years for Italy. On the other side of the chart are a number of countries in sub Saharan Africa. Haiti is in last place: children born in this country in 2010 have a life expectancy by an average of even 30 years, fifty in less than peers born in Italy. From a bioethical point of view, the first question that arises is: Is it right? Is it right that there is such inequality in health? The answer is simple: it is not right. But if we ask ourselves what are the best solution to remedy this situation, the answers become more than one. The differences in life expectancy depends on many factors, including no doubt the effectiveness of health systems. The scope of this work is precisely that of justice in health care and how the different general concepts related to it can be applied in health care settings with very limited financial and human resources. The first chapter describes the main inequalities in global health. The second discusses the main theories of justice. In the next chapter we reason on official development assistance and health cooperation. In the fourth we analyze the contribution of theories of justice through such issues as equity in health, the right of access to health services and right to health. In the fifth chapter the aim is to reason about global justice, the role of health in this context and how the official development assistance in health can contribute.
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CAMPAGNA, MAURIZIO. "La tutela della salute nell'ordinamento policentrico tra frammentazione e complessità." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/938.
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Scopo di questa ricerca è illustrare la complessità e la frammentazione delle fonti della legislazione sanitaria. Il corpus normativo che regola la tutela della salute si presenta disorganico e stratificato. Il filo rosso seguito per orientarsi nella regolazione del settore è quello delle forti conflittualità tra ragioni giuridiche, sociali, culturali ed economiche nell’ambito delle quali si produce la regolazione in materia. Il diritto sanitario non sarebbe una disciplina autonoma, ma appunto una legislazione speciale che riunisce il diritto prodotto intorno ad un oggetto politico come la tutela della salute. In subordine, visto il modo di produzione dello stesso, è possibile pervenire ad un’altra importante conclusione: che il settore sanitario, molto sensibile ai cambiamenti culturali e sociali, anzi da questi determinato, sarebbe la punta avanzata del fenomeno di frammentazione delle fonti del diritto per cui il modo tradizionale di descrivere e ordinare le stesse non sarebbe più in grado di contenere l’esuberanza dei modi specifici di regolazione del settore. Una ricerca che voglia descrivere questo assetto normativo non potrà che essere trasversale e multidisciplinare, pronta a recepire problematiche e ad usare categorie proprie di scienze non giuridiche.The aim of this research is to explain the complexity and the fragmentation of the health legislation sources. The perspective corpus that rules healthcare appears unorganized and stratified. The red thread followed to understand the way this sector operates is that of the strong conflict between legal, social, cultural and economic reasons that regulate this field. The healthcare law isn't an autonomous discipline, but a special legislation that unifies the rights around a political issue such as healthcare. Therefore, considering how the law is brought forward, it's possible to reach another important conclusion: the healthcare sector, sensitive to cultural and social changes, indeed has led from these, would be the advanced point of the fragmentation phenomenon of the law sources thus the traditional terms to describe and order them would not be able to contain the exuberance of the specific ways of sector regulation. A research that wants to describe this normative structure can't be but indirect and multidisciplinary, ready to acknowledge difficulties and use categories not proper of juridical sciences.
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Pessoa, Jonatan Onis. "Qualidade da ?gua de rios e sistemas de esgotamento sanit?rio." Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2016. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/437.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Sewage systems when properly operated can help to minimize of aquatic environments degradation. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the river water quality in towns with and without sewage. Therefore, ten towns of Bahia State were selected, seven of them containing sewage and three devoid of such services. It was used secondary data from water river quality (INEMA ? Environmental Stare Agency), sewage (SNIS). Parameters analyzed were concentration of fecal coliforms, biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, dissolved oxygen and the Water Quality Index - IQA 14 points monitored in the period 2008 to 2015. Data were submitted the statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test. It was found that average AQI values ranged from 26 to 72. The four points monitored in towns without public sewage system presented classified waters as "good" while 40% of monitored points in cities with SES have waters classified as "regular 'or' bad '. Results suggest that the release of sewage into storm water systems and receiving bodies seems to be the main cause of low AQI values. Thus, there has been the weakness of the towns as the supervision of illegal sewage connections. Environmental education campaigns are recommended in order to reduce such practices and to improve water quality in rivers in these towns.
Os sistemas de esgotamento sanit?rio (SES), quando bem operados, s?o interven??es que podem contribuir para a minimiza??o da degrada??o de ambientes aqu?ticos. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo avaliar a qualidade da ?gua de rios em cidades com sistema p?blico de esgotamento sanit?rio implantado. Para tanto, foram selecionadas dez cidades do Estado da Bahia, sendo sete delas contendo SES e tr?s sem tais servi?os. Utilizou-se o registro trimestral realizado pelo INEMA da concentra??o de coliformes termotolerantes, demanda bioqu?mica de oxig?nio, f?sforo total, oxig?nio dissolvido e o ?ndice de Qualidade da ?gua - IQA de 14 pontos monitorados no per?odo compreendido entre 2008 a 2015. Os dados foram submetidos ? an?lise estat?stica, utilizando o teste de Kruskall-Wallis. Verificou-se que valores m?dios de IQA variaram entre 26 a 72. Os quatro pontos monitorados nas cidades sem sistema p?blico de esgotamento sanit?rio apresentaram ?guas classificadas como ?boa? ao passo que 40% dos pontos monitorados nas cidades com SES tiverem ?guas classificadas como ?regular? ou ?ruim?. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que o lan?amento de esgotos nos sistemas de ?guas pluviais e nos corpos receptores parece ser a principal causa dos baixos valores de IQA. Dessa forma, constata-se a fragilidade das cidades quanto ? fiscaliza??o de liga??es irregulares de esgoto. Campanhas de educa??o ambiental s?o recomendadas visando a redu??o de tais pr?ticas e a melhoraria da qualidade da ?gua nos rios das cidades avaliadas.
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Grabuleda, Teixidor Carles. "Salut pública i creixement urbà. Política i acció social en el sorgiment de la Barcelona contemporània." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7458.
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Aquest treball preten estudiar els canvis en la política social del liberalisme espanyol, no només a partir de l'anàlisi de l'evolució política general sinó també a partir dels efectes que la revolució liberal i la industrialització van tenir en un marc urbà com el de Barcelona. En aquest sentit, s'analitza com la política social liberal va acabar reduint-se a l'àmbit benèfico-sanitari durant les primeres dècades del nou règim, sempre des d'un estricte individualisme. En aquest context, s'incideix en les conseqüències problemàtiques d'aquest reduccionisme en l'entorn urbà i es valora en quina mesura va cotribuir l'especial realitat industrial a la superació dels plantejaments estrictament individualistes inicials a finals del segle XIX i principis del segle XX. Per arribar-hi ha calgut estudiar el funcionament dels ajuntaments i de les seves relacions amb el poder de l'Estat per tal de copsar la centralitat del paper dels municipis en la gestió del canvi.This work tries to explain the changes in the first spanish liberalism, not only from the analysis of the general political perspective but from the effects of liberal revolution and industrialisation in a urban environment such as Barcelona as well. In this respect, it shows how the liberal social policy was reduced to strict individualistic, sanitarian and welfare terms during the first decades of the new regime. In this context it deepens in the problematic consequences of this reductionism in an urban environment and it tries to assess to what extent the special industrial reality contributed to overcome that strictly individualistic basis at the end of XIXth. and the beginning of XXth. centuries. To do so, it has been useful to know how the town councils worked and how were its relations with the state's government, in order to catch the centrality of its role in that political changes.
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Karlsson, Jennifer. "Ekofeministiska indikationer i biståndsarbetet i Afrika söder om Sahara." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Miljövetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-34583.
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Kvinnor påverkas många gånger i större utsträckning av bristande tillgång på vatten och sanitet, både psykiskt och fysiskt, än män och de fattiga är särskilt utsatta. Att kvinnor påverkas mer än män beror på olika maktrelationer i samhället, dessa behöver medvetandegöras och explicitgöras för att åtgärda kvinnoförtryck. Då tillgång till rent vatten och sanitet är en mänsklig rättighet och därmed också en internationell angelägenhet syftar denna studie till att granska internationella maktstrukturer som påverkar tillgången på vatten och sanitet för fattiga kvinnor i Afrika söder om Sahara. Ekofeminismen kombinerar feministiska ståndpunkter och miljöhänsyn därför kommer denna studie att undersöka vilken ekofeministiskt åsiktslinje som är den mest framträdande och vad detta kan innebär för kvinnorna i Sub-Sahara. Analysmetoden som används i denna studie bestod av en kombination av text- och innehållsanalys på fem jämställdhetsdokument som publicerats av Sveriges biståndsmyndighet, SIDA, för att se hur ekofeministiska åsiktlinjer visar sig. Studien visar att dualism, hierarki och dominanslogik förekommer i samtliga länder och att den andra ekofeministiska vågen är den mest förekommande, men detta är inte ett entydigt svar utan resultatet indikerar på att åsiktlinjerna även förekommer i kombination.Often women are affected to a greater extent by the lack of access to water andsanitation, both physically and mentally, than men. In these situations the poor areparticularly vulnerable. The fact that women get more affected is due to powerrelationship in the society. To address the issues of female oppression, these powerrelationship and structures needs to apparent. Since access to clean water andsanitation is a human right, it is therefore an international concern. This study aims toexamining international power structures that affect the access of water and sanitationfor poor women in sub-Saharan Africa. Ecofeminism combines feminist positions andenvironmental concerns. Therefore, this study will investigate which opinion line ofthe theory ecofeminism is the most prominent and what this can mean for the womenin Sub-Saharan Africa. The analysis method used in this study consisted a combination of text andcontent analysis on five gender equality documents published by the Swedishassistance authority (SIDA). This will allow the study to examine how ecofeministopinion lines emerge in the documents. The study shows that dualism, hierarchy anddominance logic occur in all countries and that the second ecofeminist wave is themost common, but this is not a clear answer, the result indicates that the opinion linesalso occur in combination.
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Pizzardo, Cinzia <1977>. "Gli Uffici Relazioni per il Pubblico e il sistema di gestione dei reclami in sanità." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/86/.
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Arif, Sania [Verfasser]. "Organic-rich shales as archive and resource for microbial extremophiles / Sania Arif." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-21.11130/00-1735-0000-0008-5906-E-7.
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Varello, Katia <1976>. "Ricerche sul ruolo patogeno e sui potenziali risvolti in sanita pubblica di protozoi e microsporidi parassiti di specie ittiche marine e studi sulle micobatteriosi ittiche." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7484/.
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Scopo primario delle attività di ricerca condotte nell’ambito di questo dottorato è stato quello di studiare le infezioni da protozoi e microsporidi enterici in specie ittiche d’allevamento e le micobatteriosi ittiche in ambienti d’allevamento e selvatici per ampliare le conoscenze su eziopatogenesi e diagnosi di queste patologie. Spigole, orate, rombi e cefali da diversi sistemi d’allevamento e di differenti età sono stati sottoposti ad indagini parassitologiche, molecolari ed istopatologiche per evidenziare, identificare e studiare protozoi Apicomplexa e Microsporidi a livello enterico, applicando diverse colorazioni istochimiche e, sui campioni positivi per microsporidi, la colorazione immunoistochimica con anticorpo anti-Encephalitozoon cuniculi. Su mugilidi selvatici e su spigole allevate sono stati condotti studi sui quadri istopatologici associati alle infezioni da Micobatteri atipici al fine di valutare la progressione delle lesioni. Le attività di ricerca hanno permesso di: individuare e descrivere in orate d’allevamento episodi d’infezione enterica da Enterospora nucleophila, microsporidio responsabile di sindromi emaciative in giovanili; rilevare massive infezioni da Cryptosporidium scophthalmi in rombi allevati e di infezioni da Cryptosporidium sp. in post-larve ed avannotti di orata; studiare infezioni da Mycobacterium spp. (M. fortuitum, M. abscessus, M. flavescens, M. chelonae, M. septicum, M. nonchromogenicum) in mugilidi selvatici con lesioni granulomatose positive alla ZN, e da Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida in soggetti con lesioni granulomatose negative; approfondire le conoscenze sulla micobatteriosi nella spigola descrivendo la concomitante presenza di lesioni a diverso stadio in tutti gli organi associate a presenza di batteri alcool-acido resistenti identificati come M. abscessus, M. scrofulaceum e M. gordonae sia all’interno delle lesioni che liberi nei tessuti e nei vasi, ipotizzando una forma di generalizzazione ematogena. Il rilievo di infezioni da micobatteri atipici in pesci marini allevati e selvatici appare di rilievo anche per le loro implicazioni in Sanità Pubblica.Main aim of the research activities carried out within this PhD was to study the infections due to enteric protozoa and Microsporidia in farmed marine fish and mycobacteriosis by atypical mycobacteria in wild and farmed marine fish in order to increase the knowledge about etiopathogenesis and diagnosis of these diseases. European sea bass, gilthead sea bream, turbots and mullets from different breeding systems and at different ages were subjected to parasitological, molecular and histopathological analyses using different histochemical methods; moreover immunohistochemical stain with antibody for Encephalitozoon cuniculi on positive samples for microsporidiosis was performed. Wild mullets and farmed European sea bass were subjected to studies on histopathological features associated to atypical mycobacteria infections in order to evaluate the progression of lesions. The research activities have allowed to: identify and describe in sea bream episodes of enteric infection by Enterospora nucleophila, microsporidium causing emaciative syndromes in juveniles; detect Cryptosporidium scophthalmi massive infections in farmed turbots and Cryptosporidium sp. infection in post-larvae and fry of sea bream; study infections due to Mycobacterium spp. (M. fortuitum, M. abscessus, M. flavescens, M. chelonae, M. septicum, M. nonchromogenicum) in wild mullets with granulomatous lesions positive for ZN, and due to Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida in subjects with negative lesions; increase the knowledge on mycobacteriosis in sea bass describing in all organs the simultaneous presence of lesions at different stages associated with the presence of positive ZN bacteria identified as M. abscessus, M. scrofulaceum and M. gordonae, both within the lesions that free in tissues and vessels, allowing to hypothesize a form of hematogenous generalization. The finding of atypical mycobacteria in wild and farmed fish is also relevant for their implications for public health.
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Lidy, Tanja [Verfasser], and Axel [Akademischer Betreuer] Helmstädter. "In vino sanitas. Apotheker des 19. Jahrhunderts als Wegbereiter der modernen Önologie / Tanja Lidy, geb. Möhring. Betreuer: Axel Helmstädter." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1054419183/34.
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Riccardi, Laura Natalia <1982>. "Valutazione dell'impatto della farmacogenetica in ambito di Sanità Pubblica. Analisi del polimorfismo genetico dell'enzima CYP2D6 metabolizzante xenobiotici." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3479/.
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Pharmacogenetic testing provides an outstanding opportunity to improve prescribing safety and efficacy. In Public health policy pharmacogenetics is relevant for personalized therapy and to maximize therapeutic benefit minimizing adverse events.
CYP2D6 is known to be a key enzyme responsible for the biotransformation of about 25-30% of extensively used drugs and genetic variations in genes coding for drug-metabolizing enzymes might lead to adverse drug reactions, toxicity or therapeutic failure of pharmacotherapy.
Significant interethnic differences in CYP2D6 allele distribution are well established, but immigration is reshaping the genetic background due to interethnic admixture which introduces variations in individual ancestry resulting in distinct level of population structure. The present thesis deals with the genetic determination of the CYP2D6 alleles actually present in the Emilia-Romagna resident population providing insights into the admixture process. A random sample of 122 natives and 175 immigrants from Africa, Asia and South America where characterized considering the present scenario of migration and back migration events. The results are consistent with the known interethnic genetic variation, but introduction of ethnic specific variants by immigrants predicts a heterogeneous admixed population scenario requiring, for drugs prescription and pharmacogenetics studies, an interdisciplinary approach applied in a properly biogeographical and anthropological frame. To translate pharmacogenetics knowledge into clinical practice requires appropriated public health policies, possibly guiding clinicians to evaluate prospectively which patients have the greatest probability of expressing a variant genotype.
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Flores, Silva Alejandra Fatima, and Panduro Erika Ximena Tuesta. "Dimensiones del Brand Experience, Brand Image y Sanity con respecto al grado de satisfacción en los restaurantes." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656751.
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En el presente trabajo de investigación se tiene como objetivo demostrar la posible relación entre el Brand Experience, Brand Image y Sanity con respecto al grado de satisfacción en los restaurantes de Lima Metropolitana. Se consideró importante abordar la categoría por la situación que atraviesa tras la coyuntura y cómo recae sobre los consumidores. Para llevar a cabo este estudio se estudió la categoría y recopiló tanto información relevante como diferentes posturas de autores relacionados a las variables anteriormente mencionadas.
Este análisis se realizó con el fin de conocer las variables dentro de la categoría y cómo repercuten dentro la experiencia de los consumidores. Asimismo, la información nos ha permitido conocer cómo las variables se relacionan y de qué manera puede haber una contribución a nuevas interrogantes. Finalmente, la metodología que se empleará será un enfoque cuantitativo concluyente y transversal.The following research work aims to demonstrate the possible relationship between Brand Experience, Brand Image and Sanity with regard to customer satisfaction in Lima Metropolitana restaurants. It was considered important to study the category because of the situation behind the juncture and how it affects consumers. To carry out this study, the category was analyzed, relevant information and different positions of related authors to the aforementioned variables were collected. This analysis was carried out in order to know the behavior of variables within the category and their impact within the experience of consumers. Likewise, the information has allowed us to know how the variables relate and how there may be a contribution to new interrogations. Finally, the methodology to be used will be a conclusive and cross-cutting quantitative approach.
Trabajo de investigación
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Jonsson, Anna, and Anna Land. "An evaluation of the long-term functionality of Ecological Sanitation (EcoSan) projects in rural Burkina Faso : Reuse of sanitized human excreta as fertilizer in local agriculture." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskaplig kommunikation och lärande (ECE), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-211263.
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2.4 billion people worldwide lack access to basic sanitation solutions, with major health and environmental impact as a result. The recently adopted worldwide Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) aim to reduce this problem and extend the access to basic sanitation. The sanitation systems have to be safe to manage, and resources such as nutrients within the waste be recovered to a great extent, for the system to be worthwhile. For Burkina Faso, a low-income country in West Africa, achieving the SDGs will be a challenge, especially considering the almost 9 million people that lack access to basic sanitation. One way of achieving this is through Ecological Sanitation (EcoSan), an innovation with the goal of protecting human health and enabling reuse of sanitized human excreta as fertilizer. The overall purpose of this study is to provide sanitation practitioners in Burkina Faso with useful information on how to better carry out EcoSan interventions in the future, within the scope of achieving the SDGs.The study aim is to investigate why and to what extent earlier EcoSan latrines have not been used to their full capacity regarding nutrient recovery to local agriculture. The results are mainly based on a household survey conducted on rural Burkinabe households possessing an EcoSan latrine and supplemented with focus group discussions, key informant interviews and measurements on site. To fulfill the study objective, a material flow analysis was performed which showed that nutrient losses of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium all were likely to exceed 80%, compared to the theoretically calculated values. Additionally, 14 barriers for recovery of nutrients were identified, where the most important ones concern urine collection and storage. Furthermore, results showed that use and reuse practices tended to be higher if initialtraining focused on agricultural aspects rather than hygiene aspects.2.4 miljarder människor världen över saknar idag tillgång till grundläggande sanitetslösningar, med stora effekter på människor hälsa och närmiljö som följd. Tillgång till sanitet ska inte bara uppfyllas, enligt de nyligen antagna globala målen för hållbar utveckling (SDG) ska hantering av det mänskliga avfallet ske på ett säkert sätt samt att näringsresurserna i detta återvinnas. För Burkina Faso beläget i Västafrika och ett av världens fattigaste länder, kommer det bli en stor utmaning att uppnå SDG-målsättningarna, särskilt med tanke på de nästan 9 miljoner invånare som helt saknar tillgång till grundläggande sanitet. Ett sätt att uppnå målsättningarna är genom ekologisk sanitet (EcoSan), ett koncept med målen att skydda människors hälsa samt möjliggöra återanvändning av hygieniserat mänskligt avfall som gödningsmedel i det lokala jordbruket. Det övergripande syftet med denna studie är att ge aktörer inom sanitetssektorn i Burkina Faso användbar information om hur EcoSan-interventioner kan genomföras bättre i framtiden inom ramen för SDG. Det närliggande syftet var att undersöka varför och i vilken utsträckning tidigare EcoSan-latriner inte har använts till sin fulla kapacitet när det gäller näringsåtervinning till det lokala jordbruket. Resultaten baseras huvudsakligen på en enkät på Burkinska hushåll som äger en EcoSan och kompletterades med fokusgruppdiskussioner, intervjuer med nyckelpersoner och mätningar. För att uppfylla syftet med projektet genomfördes en materialflödesanalys för att kvantifiera skillnaden mellan teoretisk och praktisk återföring av näringsämnena kväve, fosfor och kalium till jordbruket. Förlusten av samtliga tre näringsämnen överskred 80%. Dessutom identifierades 14 barriärer för återföringen, där de viktigaste rör insamling och lagring av urin. Hushållens återföringspraxis tenderade att bli högre om den initiala undervisningen var mer inriktad mot jordbruksaspekten än på hygienaspekten.