Journal articles on the topic 'Sanlam Art Collection'

Anthropology is the science of being able to talk about man. There are various disciplines in anthropology. Cultural anthropology is one of them. There are two divisions in this cultural anthropology. One of them is ethnography; The other is Ethnology. Of these, ethnographic research appeared in the early 19th century. Ethnography is the study of all kinds of traditions found in a particular group of people or in a particular area. Those who write this will be called "ethnographers". Ethnography is the study of how a person of a particular culture views his or her culture from that perspective. Today, they are writing about the culture of their people. This is what we call "Tinaisar inavariviyal". Cultural studies also form the basis of ethnographic research. Ethnographic research is helpful in examining the culture of a particular ethnic group. That is why ethnographic research may have laid its scepter in the fields of social anthropology, cultural anthropology and folklore. In Short Ethnography is the process of penetrating the life of a particular ethnic group. In this way one can understand the Civilization and Culture. As we seek to explain a particular group and their culture, we begin to act with certain elements in mind. In that sense Bhagwatsala Bharathi exemplifies 37 elements of ethnography in his Cultural Anthropology. These elements contribute to penetrating the lives of a particular ethnic group. In this way one can understand the civilization and culture of the Peoples. Kuṟiñcittiṇai is one of the four geographical categories referred to as Tolkappiyam. There are 488 poems about in the Sangam literature. The purpose of this article is to evaluate these collections on the basis of Ethnographical Study, with a collection of Sangam literary Kuṟiñcittiṇai Poems. It explores the Material, Cultural, Occupations, Rituals, and Beliefs of the people of Kurinji.

Tax is one of the largest revenues from the State of Indonesia, in this case one of the results of tax collection is the tax on the acquisition of rights to structures and buildings (BPHTB). the existence of regional autonomy, collection of fees for the acquisition of land rights andthis building is collected by each region independently. The issuance of Act No. 28 of 2009 concerning local taxes and levies made Kendari city regions issue regulations related to local taxes. It is Kendari city regional regulation No. 02 of 2011 regarding local taxes. The amount of collection of fees for acquisition of land and building rights is 5% (five percent) of the value of the acquisition of tax objects (NPOP), this is stated in Article 54. Meanwhile, the collection of fees for the acquisition of rights to land and buildings is carried out by the regional revenue agency. This study aims to determine the determination of the transaction value as the basis for BPHTB validation by the Bapenda of Kendari and to find out legal problems that can arise due to differences in actual transaction prices with BPHTB verification by the Bapenda of Kendari. The method taken by the author is a normative method. The normative approach is an approach that is carried out based on the main legal material by examining theories, concepts, legal principles and laws and regulations.

In legal research, legal theory becomes a scalpel to analyze problems using legal certainty theory and liability theory. This study uses three (3) sources of data, namely legal materials, namely primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials, while data collection techniques use library research. Data analysis using qualitative analysis method using deductive logic and described analytically descriptive. The results of the research found the rules regarding the prohibition of a Notary concurrently serving as a state official in Article 17 paragraph (1) letter d of Act No. 2 of 2014 concerning amendments to Act No. 30 of 2004 concerning Notary Positions. So it can be concluded that a Notary concurrently serving as a state official is a violation of the law, the Notary Supervisory Board has the right to conduct an examination of alleged violations and impose sanctions on a Notary if proven to have committed a violation.

The legal act of transferring rights to land and/or buildings must always be followed by the making of the necessary deeds, as specifically regulated on this matter. Which deeds must be made by the competent official for this, namely the Official for Making Land Deeds (PPAT), where in certain cases the deed is made by a notary. Thus, the government in its issued regulation has assigned the official making the deed to participate in supervising the payment of taxes payable on the said land and/or building transactions. However, in its implementation there are still many obstacles that arise, especially there is still tax avoidance in land transactions, and a lack of understanding of the calculation and payment of Land Rights Acquisition Tax (BPHTB) by taxpayers, which results in the main tax function to fill State cash receipts, which are often referred to as budgetary functions, which are not well implemented. In the collection of Land Rights Acquisition Fees (BPHTB) in connection with the deed he makes, it is hoped that the Notary as PPAT will play an active role requiring payment of Land Rights Acquisition Fee (BPHTB) in transferring rights to land and buildings, which after the agreement is made and the payment transaction is made, the tax must be paid as soon as possible, then its correctness is checked so that the deed can be signed immediately.

This study aims to examine the implementation of the collection of Customs Tax on Land and Building Rights in Boyolali Regency. Reviewing the obstacles that arise in the implementation of the collection of Customs Tax on Land and Building Rights in Boyolali Regency. Reviewing solutions in overcoming the obstacles that arise in the implementation of the collection of Customs Tax on Land and Building Rights in Boyolali Regency. This research is a sociological juridical research. The results of the study concluded that mHowever, there is a discrepancy with the laws and regulations in the implementation of the collection of Duties on the Acquisition of Rights to Land and Buildings in Boyolali Regency, namely when there is a transfer of rights to land and buildings due to a sale and purchase whose transaction value is lower than the market price, the transaction value will be determined by the BPPKAD officer based on market prices and surveys of the tax object in question, even though the provisions of Article 87 paragraph 2 of Act No. 28 of 2009 and Article 7 of Boyolali Regency Regulation Number 2 of 2011 state that the basis for imposing BPHTB taxes on the acquisition of buying and selling rights with lower transaction value rather than the market price, the basis for the imposition of BPHTB tax is the Tax Object Sales Value (NJOP) of Land and Building Tax. In the collection process there are still some obstacles, namely the lack of knowledge of taxpayers regarding information and socialization of the regulations on the Acquisition of Rights on Land and Buildings, as well as the limited number of Human Resources (HR) from the Office of the Regional Financial and Asset Management Revenue Agency of Boyolali Regency, even though the area and number of transfers of land and buildings is small in Boyolali Regency is high, thus interfering with the performance of the Land Deed Maker Officials and the National Land Agency in terms of land registration. There is a need for periodic socialization regarding the Customs for Acquisition of Land and Building Rights by the Regional Government, while the problem of uncertified land requires cooperation with the local National Land Agency, for example conducting a prona program.

Notary is a public official who has the authority to make authentic deeds and has other powers as referred to in Act No. 2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Act No. 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of a Notary. Notaries as public officials who make authentic deeds have an important role in ensuring legal certainty for the people who use their services. The purpose of this research is to find out and understand the legal position of authentic deeds that are legally owned. The method used in this research is sociological juridical method, the specification in this research is descriptive analytical, the data used are primary data and secondary data, using data collection by interview and literature study. The results of this study indicate thatauthentic deeds have 2 (two) main functions, namely, as a formal function (formality causa) and function as evidence (probationis causa). The formal function (formality causa) means that to make an act declared complete and perfect (not to be valid) a legal act must be made in the form of an authentic deed. Functioning as evidence (probationis causa) it can be interpreted that the authentic deed is deliberately made as proof at a later date. A deed can be categorized as an authentic deed if the deed is drawn up in accordance with the procedures that have been determined based on the provisions of Article 38 of the Law on the Position of Notary Public. A Notary deed can be said to meet the requirements as an authentic deed if the Notary deed is in accordance with the procedures and procedures that have been determined based on the provisions of Article 39 of the Law on the Position of Notary up to Article 53 of the Law on the Position of Notary Public.

This study aims to identify and analyze the juridical implications of the parties' default in the trademark license agreement made before a notary, to identify and analyze the legal remedies for the parties' default in the trademark license agreement made before a notary. The research approach method used in this thesis is a normative juridical legal research method. Specifications This study uses a description of the analysis. Sources of data come from primary data which includes Act No. 20 of 2016 concerning Brands and Geographical Indications, PP No. 36 of 2018 concerning the recording of IPR License Agreements, Act No. 2 of 2014 in conjunction with Act No. 30 of 2004 concerning the position of a Notary, as well as secondary data containing books and other supporting documents. Data collection methods include library research, Document Study. The data analysis method used in analyzing the data is qualitative analysis. The results of the study indicate that in a trademark license agreement made before a notary, it is obligatory to submit an application for registration to the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in order to obtain legal protection. However, if the license agreement is not registered, the license agreement is only binding on the parties who entered into the license agreement and in the event of a default, the license agreement can be canceled or null and void and has no impact on third parties. Legal remedies if there is a dispute in the trademark license agreement, namely by litigation and non-litigation.

This research aims to identify and analyze legal protection for Notary employees who are instrumental witnesses in the Notary Deed, and to identify and analyze legal responsibilities for Notary employees who are instrumental witnesses in the Notary Deed which contains defects. This study used a normative juridical approach by using descriptive analytical research specifications. The type of data in this legal research was normative using primary legal materials and secondary legal materials, as well as tertiary legal materials. The data collection method in this study was in the form of literature and the data analysis method used qualitative data analysis. Based on the results of research and discussion, that the legal protection of a Notary employee who is an instrumenter witness is found in Act No. 31 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Act No. 13 of 2006 concerning the Protection of Witnesses and Victims. Then that the Notary employee who is the instrumenter witness in the Notary deed is not responsible for the deed and if there is a formal defect in the Notary Deed so that the Notary Deed is degraded its proof value as an underhand deed or if in the Notary Deed there is a material defect so that the Notary Deed can be canceled or null and void by law is not the responsibility of the Notary employee who is the instrumenter witness in the deed.

Notary is one of the public officials (openbaar ambtenar) who is authorized to make all kinds of agreements in the form of authentic deeds, set the date, keep the deeds and issue grosses, copies and quotations, all of this as long as the act of the deed is not also required to other officials. or specifically the obligation. However, it often happens that notaries do things outside their authority, one of which is committing a criminal act of falsifying authentic deeds which results in harming other parties so that this is very disturbing and must be handled either preventively or giving criminal sanctions. The method used in this research is normative juridical, the specification of this research is descriptive analytical research. The data source uses secondary data. Data collection techniques using literature study or document study. The data analysis technique used a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of the research on the first and second conclusions. In the case of falsification of an authentic deed which is very possible to be carried out by a notary person because the authentic deed which is the product is a deed that has perfect proof before the court and cannot be denied, but if the product of the notary in the form of an authentic deed contains things that are not true then the deed is degraded into a private deed and can be declared null and void by law.

Notary as PPAT is a public official who is given the authority to make authentic deeds regarding certain legal actions regarding land rights or property rights over apartment units. The formulation of the research problem is: How as a result of the notarial deed regarding the sale and purchase of land that did not match the actual price in Kendari City? This research method uses a sociological juridical approach with research specifications using descriptive research specifications. Meanwhile, the method of collecting research data is through field studies and literature studies. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively. Qualitative analysis is carried out by describing and describing the data and facts resulting from a field study with an interpretation, evaluation, and general knowledge. The conclusions of this study are: As a result, the notary deed regarding the sale and purchase of land does not match the actual price in Kendari City has an impact on the Notary because it is not suitable Article 17 letter i Act No. 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary Public. Where the action in question can affect the honor and dignity of the position of a Notary who can be subject to sanctions in accordance with Article 85 of Act No. 30 of 2004. The legal consequence is that there is a violation of Article 16 paragraph (1) of Act No. 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary which may cause administrative sanctions in accordance with Article 85 of Act No. 30 Of 2004 which include: a. verbal warning, b. written warning, c. temporary dismissal, d. honorific dismissal; or, e. dishonorable discharge.

Literature focuses on human life. It is a feast for human thought, feeling, and imagination. It is related to human language. It has the power to stir the mind of the learner and blossom in the heart. Literature is an art form that reflects social sentiments. Literature expresses the spiritual feelings and worldly attachments, successes and failures, and likes and dislikes of mankind. Kurunthokai is one of the Ettutthokai texts in the Sangam love genre of songs. It is described as a "good kurunthokai". It is known as Kurunthokai because it is a collection of songs with fewer lines. This book is explained by the beauty of words, the beauty of meaning, the beauty of sentence construction, the beauty of explanation, and the beauty of literary style. There are so many parables that it is said to be a parable repository. They express the thoughts and memories of the people and the moods of the poets. The ideas on the life of the Tamils of the Sangam age, as well as the poets' skills on literary qualities, captivate the minds of the readers. Due to its poetry, Kurunthokai is a book that is quoted by all writers and has the power to confront the realities of life. The simile, the description, the imagination, the theme, the iraichi, the rhyme, and the alliteration draw the reader's heart and entertain the thoughts, revealing the beauty. This research paper also aims to explore the features of such subtle literary techniques in short songs.

Perishable artifacts provide an alternative to projectile points for examining spatial patterns in Archaic material culture between northern and southern portions of the Colorado Plateau of the North American Southwest. This is so because they possess a potential great variety of specific construction and design attributes and can be directly dated to establish independent chronologies of development. The analysis and dating of a collection of warp-faced plain weave sandals from Chevelon Canyon, Arizona demonstrates the potential utility of perishable artifacts to our understanding of prehistory. The collection provides an important first sample of early Archaic footwear for the southern Colorado Plateau. AMS dating reveals that the oldest Chevelon Canyon sandal (8300 ± 60 B.P.) is 1,500 years earlier than the oldest directly dated sandal of this style on the northern Colorado Plateau. Most of the Chevelon Canyon sandals date from 7500 to 6000 cal. B.C., contemporaneous with open-twined sandals on the northern Colorado Plateau. This study provides another contrast in forager material culture between southern and northern portions of the plateau during the early Archaic, prior to ca. 5700 cal. B.C. After this time, the plain weave sandal style was adopted on the northern Colorado Plateau but not because of population replacement.

The purpose of this research is to analyze and find out: 1). The role of the Notary in making the deed of the sale and purchase agreement based on Act No. 25 of 2009 concerning Public Services. 2) Constraints and solutions in making a Notary Deed electronically. The method used in this study is the juridical-normative method, the specifications in this study are descriptive analysis, the data used are primary data and secondary data, using data collection with library studies and field studies, qualitative data analysis, problems analyzed by authority theory and legal certainty. The results of this study indicate that: 1) The role of a notary in making a deed of sale-purchase agreement based on Act No. 25 of 2009 concerning Public Services is to authenticate electronic-based documents, which authentication documents can be printed out anywhere, anytime. Notaries also play a role in providing certainty to the parties when conducting transactions completely on their own consciousness and without any coercion or threats to sign electronic-based documents. In this cyber notary, the difference is in terms of facing. So far, facing is done by being physically present but facing in relation to a cyber notary is done by using electronic media, such as teleconference or video call. 2) Obstacles and solutions in making Notary Deeds electronically, namely the absence of laws governing cyber notaries in Indonesia such as in developed countries, is an obstacle for Notaries to take one step further in order to create good, effective, efficient, and safe public services.

This study aims to analyze the responsibilities of the Land Deed Making Officer (PPAT) on the land sale and purchase deed made in the event that there is falsified data by the parties and the legal consequences of the land sale and purchase deed that contains falsified data. This study is a normative law study that departs from the emptiness of norms on legal protection for Land Deed Making Officials (PPAT) on information, identity, and or false documents submitted by the parties that are used as the basis for making a deed of sale. This study uses a legal approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. The legal materials used in this research are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials used is a literature study. The theories used in this research are the Theory of Legal Certainty and the Theory of Legal Authority. The results of this study show that the responsibility of the Land Deed Making Officer (PPAT) for false information, identity, and or documents in the making of the deed of the parties/parties of the deed cannot be held accountable by the Land Deed Making Officer (PPAT) as long as the Land Deed Making Officer (PPAT) does not violates the Law and Regulations of the Department of Land Deed Making Officials (PPAT), does not violate the technique of making deeds or applicable laws and regulations. Consequences of law Against land sale and purchase deeds that contain data that was falsified by the parties and known at the time of applying for a certificate of title, the land sale and purchase deed that has been made that contains data that was falsified by the parties, then the act is legally defective or invalid legally or legally void. Advice to the Land Deed Making Officer (PPAT): The Land Deed Making Officer (PPAT) to always try to be professional and when called the investigator remains silent and states that he is using his right to default.

This research discusses the implementation of the regulation of the minister of agrarian and spatial planning (atr)Act No.national land agency (BPN) number 9 of 2019 concerning the implementation of registration of mortgage rights using an electronic system (problematic analysis and validity of authentic deeds electronically). With the background of the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian and Spatial Planning of the Head of the National Land Agency Number 9 of 2019 concerning Electronic Integrated Mortgage Services which came into effect since it was promulgated, namely on June 21, 2019. This regulation is a continuation of the previous Ministerial Regulation that was passed, namely Permen 3 Act No.2019 concerning the use of electronic systems and Permen 7/2019 regarding changes to the form of certificates. However, the implementation is still not optimal in the field. Therefore, the aim of this research is to analyze the problematics of authentic deeds electronically in relation to the implementation of the regulation of the Minister of ATTAct No.BPN No.9 of 2019 concerning the implementation of registration of mortgage rights with an electronic system. This study uses a normative juridical approach, in addition to using legal principles and principles in reviewing, viewing, analyzing problems. Data collection techniques use books, related constitutions and coupled with field studies. The data from this research were analyzed descriptively qualitatively, by describing all the findings of primary data and secondary data. The results of the analysis are used as material to formulate conclusions in order to answer the problems studied and to formulate suggestions for parties related to this research. The results of this study are The problem of electronic authentic deeds in the implementation of the ministerial regulation ATR Act No. BPN no 9 of 2019 concerning the implementation of registration of mortgage rights with an electronic system, there are two of the most dominant problems, including the Interference of the HT-e System and the Regulations that Have Not Regulated the Subjects and Objects of the Insurance Rights as a whole. Furthermore, on the validity of electronic authentic deeds in the implementation of the regulation of the Minister of ATR Act No. BPN No. 9 of 2019 concerning the implementation of registration of mortgage rights with an electronic system, namely by continuing to implement technological restrictions to maintain the validity of authentic deeds in order to align with the main spirit of the notary profession as a general official.

The purpose of this study was to determine: 1) The powers and responsibilities of Notaries in deed statement of decision general meeting of shareholders of a limited liability company, 2) The legal consequences of a deed statement of decision general meeting of shareholders of a limited liability company, 3) Legal protection for Notaries in the making deed of declaration decision general meeting of shareholders limited liability company. The approach used in this paper is normative, with the help of primary data in the form of legal material which is two primary legal materials and secondary legal materials as the main data. The data collection was obtained by interview and literature. The data were analyzed qualitatively normative. The research results are: 1). Role of Notary in the manufacture of the Deed of General Meeting of Shareholders of the Company Limited by Act No. 30 of 2004 concerning Notary, particularly Article 15 which essentially gives some authority to the Notary as a public official in performing their duties, namely: Notary authorized to make an authentic deed regarding all deeds, agreements, and provisions required by legislation and / or desired by the stakeholders to be stated in an authentic deed, deed of guarantee certainty of the date of manufacture, save deed, giving grosse, copy, and official copies, all of it along the manufacture the deed was not also be assigned or excluded to other officials or any other person specified by law. 2). General Meeting of Shareholders. 3). Deed of the General Meeting of shareholders is an authentic act that is Partij Akten that deed made by the parties before a notary.

For Notaries who do not carry out their obligations as determined by the laws and regulations, the Notary concerned must face the Assembly. Notary Supervisor. In general, the Notary Supervisory Council has the scope of authority to hold sessions to examine any suspected violations of the Notary's Code of Ethics or violations of the implementation of office. Purpose of research it's to Know Responsibilities of Notaries against Violation of the Notary Code of Ethics. The method used in this research is sociological juridical method, the specification in this research is descriptive analytic, the data used are primary data and secondary data, using data collection by interview and literature study, qualitative data analysis, problems analyzed by theory, law enforcement and legal certainty. The results of this study indicate that It is possible for a notary to be included in an illegal act because if there is an element of detrimental to other parties and the loss has a causal relationship between the Notary as the deed maker and the parties entrusting their act to the Notary. Violation of the notary code of ethics can occur due to negligence of responsibility, this is usually the most frequent occurrence. In addition, it could also be due to the absence of strict sanctions and a lot of side with the notary position. The Notary Supervisory Council (MPN) as a body that is trusted to supervise Notaries in their behavior, is considered to have not given any firm action so that the Notary is deterred or afraid of committing violations that have been regulated by existing regulations, this can be an indicator of the occurrence of violations by a Notary.

Property as a life support for the bride and groom in the marriage bond. Where the property is obtained before the marriage (innate property) and obtained during the marriage (joint property). If the marriage bond is dissolved or broken, then each of them will defend their rights to the joint property so that the joint property is often a serious problem and often creates debate between the two parties (husband and wife).The research approach method used in this thesis is sociological juridical. This research specification uses descriptive analysis. The type of data used in this research is primary data which includes the 1945 Constitution; Act No. 2 of 2014 concerning the Position of a Notary; Act No. 16 of 2019 on the amendment to Act No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage; Code of Civil law; Compilation of Islamic Law, as well as secondary data containing books and other supporting documents. Collecting research data with interview techniques and study of documents or library materials. The data analysis method used is qualitative analysis.The results of the research and discussion that: First; the division of joint property for couples who are going to divorce in the concept of justice, namely dividing joint property equally or equally. This is in line with what has been regulated in the Marriage Law, the Civil Code and the compilation of Islamic Law which states that if there is a divorce, the joint assets are divided equally. Second; The role of a notary in making a deed of a joint property distribution agreement for a divorced couple without a marriage agreement, namely a notary as a public official who has the authority to make an authentic deed including a deed of a joint property distribution agreement based on the will of both parties who agree to share their assets in accordance with the law. applicable.

The purpose of this research is to know and analyze; 1). The current implementation of debtor legal protection for bankruptcy is carried out by separatist creditors. 2) Factors that influence the implementation of debtor's legal protection for bankruptcy carried out by separatist creditors. 3) The proper implementation of debtor legal protection for bankruptcy by separatist creditors. This study uses a normative juridical research method, using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. This type of research is descriptive analytical. The data collection technique is the literature study of this thesis. The data analysis method is descriptive qualitative analytical. The results show that: 1. The implementation of the Bankruptcy Law has not provided protection to debtors, because: The requirements for requesting a bankruptcy statement make it easier for the debtor to be declared bankrupt, even though the debtor is actually in a solvent condition; The PKPU mechanism has not provided broad opportunities for debtors to improve company performance; and Efforts in bankruptcy are dominated by the authority of creditors. 2. Factors that influence the implementation of debtor's legal protection against bankruptcy carried out by separative creditors are: There are no funds for the costs of managing and settling bankruptcy assets; Bankrupt Debtor is not cooperative; and The debtor sells/transfers his assets before being declared bankrupt. 3. The Bankruptcy Law in future requires an insolvency test. This is based on reasons to prevent debtors whose assets are more than their debts being declared bankrupt by the court.

As a legal instrument, on the one hand the notary has the right to refuse as a professional public official, by having to hold his oath of office not to disclose the contents of the act, on the other hand the notary must stand in the state's interest which refers to the public interest for the settlement process law in Justice, if in the investigation stage up to the hearing of a notary, it is necessary to become a witness in a criminal case, so as to produce a fair decision, useful and guarantee legal certainty. Purpose of research this To Know the Limits of Opening Secrets in a Court based on Invite Number2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Act No. 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary Public and To Know the Legal Consequences for Notaries who disclose secrets in court based on Invite Number2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Act No. 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary Public. The method used in this research is sociological juridical method, the specification in this research is descriptive analysis, the data used are primary data and secondary data, using data collection by interview and literature study, qualitative data analysis, problems analyzed by theory, law enforcement. And legal certainty. The results of this study indicate that In determining the extent to which the right of denial of the notary public must start from the obligation for the notary not to talk about the contents of his deeds, in the sense of either what is stated in his deeds or about what was notified or conveyed to him in his position as a notary. , even before a court of law, except for matters where there is a higher interest or in matters for which a notary by the applicable laws and regulations expressly exempt him from his oath of secret office. For the purposes of summoning a notary based on Article 66 paragraph 1 letter b. Police, prosecutors and judges must obtain prior permission from the Regional Supervisory Council. On the basis of the request for permission from the Police, the Regional Supervisory Council (MPD) shall hold a panel meeting to examine the notary regarding whether or not the notary is required to provide information at the examination of a criminal case.

The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze: 1). The role and responsibility of the Notary in solving the problem of the loss of the minutes of the deed due to his negligence. 2) Legal implications for a Notary who due to negligence results in the loss of the minutes of the deed. The approach method in this research is sociological juridical. The data used are primary and secondary data obtained through interviews and literature study. The technique of collecting legal materials in this research is by using observation, interview and study document techniques, while the data analysis method is done by analytical descriptive method. The results of the research concluded: 1) The role and responsibility of the Notary in solving the problem of the loss of minutes of deed due to negligence is in accordance with Article 16 paragraph (1) letter b of the Notary Position Act, namely making a deed in the form of a minuta deed and storing it as part of the Notary Protocol. In resolving the loss of the minutes of the deed, one of them is to compensate the parties for losses. 2) The legal implication for a Notary who due to his negligence results in the loss of the minutes of the deed can be sanctioned, as stated in Article 9 paragraph (1) letter d of the UUJN namely temporary dismissal from his position as a Notary If the Notary in making the deed is not in accordance with the laws and regulations applicable law, in this case is not in accordance with UUJN, then the act of the Notary can be qualified as a violation of the law. Unlawful Acts are regulated in Article 1365 to Article 1380 of the Civil Code that every unlawful act causes harm to another person causing the person because of his fault to make the loss to compensate for the loss.

Discussions of polydactyly in the U.S. Southwest describe rock art and skeletal material confirming the presence of six-toed individuals at a variety of sites and in a variety of time periods. A review of Pueblo Bonito collections and archives reveals both skeletal and footprint evidence for six-toed individuals and a large and diverse assemblage of cultural material exhibiting foot-related imagery, including ornaments, sandals, ceramic effigies, and sandal-shaped ground stone. The reiterative nature of these foot-related images, reproduced in a wide range of media, and their frequent associations with highly structured and ritualized contexts, indicates that both five- and six-toed feet had symbolic importance. The evidence also suggests six-toed individuals were accorded special status within Chacoan society.

A notary is a public official who is authorized to make an authentic deed with perfect evidentiary power. The position of a Notary is a Public Position that upholds the dignity and trust of the community so that in carrying out its duties, it must adhere to the prevailing laws and regulations and the Code of Professional Ethics. Based on the provisions of the Professional Code of Ethics, a Notary is prohibited from publishing his position or self-promotion, while in this digital era it is not uncommon for a Notary to list his position on his social media accounts. The purpose of this study is to explain and analyze the legal consequences of the publication of a notary position and how to apply sanctions and solutions for violations of the code of ethics according to Act No. 2 of 2014 concerning the position of notary and the code of ethics of a notary. The method used in this study is the normative juridical method, the specifications in this study are descriptive analytical, the data used are secondary data, using data collection sourced from library research that produces primary law materials, secondary law materials, and tertiary law materials, problems analyzed with the theory of Triadism Law and the theory of Legal Effectiveness. The results of this study indicate that the prohibition on the publication of Notary Positions for Notaries is based on the fact that a Notary as a position that provides services to the public requires the trust of the public, thus Notaries are obliged to uphold their nobility of dignity in accordance with the Law on Notary Positions and the Notary Code of Ethics. The legal consequences for a Notary who publish his Notary Position in Social Media accounts are not in accordance with the oath / promise of Position that has been uttered and mandated by the Notary Position Act, and violates the prohibition provisions in the Notary Code of Ethics.

This study aims to determine and analyze the mechanism of inheritance distribution if the wife of the heir is more than one in terms of Islamic law. The research approach method used in the preparation of this thesis is a normative juridical research method. This research specification uses descriptive analysis. The type of data used is secondary data from legal materials in the form of the Qur'an and Hadith, the Civil Code, the Marriage Law, and the Compilation of Islamic Law. Collecting data by studying documents or library materials that are collected and processed systematically. The results of this study indicate that: first, the acquisition of inheritance rights for wives or wives is contained in the Qur'an letter An-Nisa' verse 12 and in the Compilation of Islamic Law Article 180. After removing part of the joint property, the rest is distributed to the heirs. If the heir leaves children, the wife's share is 1/8 and if the heir does not leave children, the wife's share is of the inheritance. Second: The concept of marriage in Indonesia based on Act No. 16 of 2019 concerning amendments to Act No. 1 of 1974 concerning marriage contains elements of monogamy, but the court can grant permission on fair conditions, the wife's consent, guarantees the necessities of life for the wife and children, and permit has permanent legal force. KHI explains that joint assets in each marriage are separate and independent and are calculated at the time of the second, third or fourth marriage contract.

This study aims to determine and analyze legal protection for Notaries in land sales and purchase disputes in Bengkulu based on Decision Number: 29/Pdt.G/2018/PN.Bgl. The research method uses a normative juridical approach and the specifications used are descriptive analytical, data collection uses a literature study. This study also uses qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that legal protection for Notaries in land sales and purchase disputes in Bengkulu based on Decision Number: 29/Pdt.G/2018/PN.Bgl shows that legal protection for Notaries in land sales and purchase disputes can be realized based on Article 15 paragraph (1) and Article 16 paragraph (1) letter a UUJN-P. These two norms provide legal protection to notaries from the aspect of authority regarding the issuance of authentic deeds and how their positions must be carried out. On the other hand, due to the sale and purchase not proceeding as stated in Article 1457 of the Civil Code, the obligation for the Notary to return it to the Plaintiff must have a strong legal basis. A very adequate legal basis is through a court decision ordering the Notary to return it to the Plaintiff. Meanwhile, from the aspect of public services, the issuance of the Sale and Purchase Deed Number 75 for the purposes of the plaintiff and the defendant and not submitting the plaintiff's certificate carried out by the Notary is an act protected by law based on Public Service Law.

Based on Islamic law and the Civil Code, children who born outside of marriage have a different status with legitimate children. This difference is due to the validity of the marriage relationship. It seems that the issue of children outside of marriage in Indonesia is still being questioned by people, even though conceptually or in formal juridical terms there are legal provisions regulating it. In society and the law, confusion often occurs due to differences in legal rules. The issues that will be discussed in this research are; (1) How is the implementation of the inheritance rights of children outside of marriage according to positive law in Indonesia? (2) How are legal protection measures for children outside of marriage? and (3) What is the legal consequence of the Constitutional Court Decision which is seen as a development towards the inheritance rights of children outside of marriage? This research uses a normative juridical approach that analyzes articles in statutory regulations. The research specification is descriptive analytical, which aims to provide a detailed, systematic and comprehensive description of the civil rights issues of children outside of marriage. The data collection method uses primary legal materials consisting of books and opinions of scholars and various laws and regulations and secondary legal materials consisting of internet sites. The conclusion of this study is that children outside of marriage have legal consequences, namely the consequences of having the right to legal recognition and protection if they fulfill Article 2 paragraph (2) of Act No. 1 of 1974. The Constitutional Court's decision is of the opinion of Article 43 paragraph (1) of Act No. 1 of 1974 that “children who born outside of marriage only have a civil relationship with their mother and their mother's family, as well as men as their father, which can be proven based on science and / or other evidence by law to have blood relations including civil relations with their father's family. The Constitutional Court decision only concerns children resulting from marriage who are not registered, not children resulting from adultery. Regarding the result of adultery children who do not have a family relationship, marriage guardian, inheritance and income from the male who caused the birth.

The notary position is an institution created by the state. Notary as a position is a field of work created by legal rules for certain functions and is sustainable as a work environment. The existence of a notary as a state official who is authorized to make a legal product, namely an authentic deed, does not receive an honorarium from the state, therefore a notary is entitled to receive an honorarium for the legal services provided. Notaries receive an honorarium from the public for services in making an authentic deed. The honorarium is given to those who carry out their duties based on the laws and regulations, while the success fee is given to those who carry out the profession. Based on this description, This study aims to find out and analyze the basic regulatory considerations related to the amount of the Notary's honorarium in the Notary Position Act and the Notary Code of Ethics, analyze the formulation of the minimum amount of Notary honorarium arrangement, and find out the sanctions for notaries who violate the rules on the minimum rate of Notary honorarium. The research method in this thesis uses a sociological juridical approach with descriptive research specifications. Data sources and data collection methods used primary and secondary data which were analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study indicate that the basis for consideration of setting the minimum amount of notary honorarium in the Law on Notary Positions has not been determined regarding the minimum amount. Basically, the Law on Notary Positions only provides a maximum limit on the honorarium that can be withdrawn from transactions. Notaries have the right to determine their own values based on their considerations as long as they do not exceed the maximum provisions of the Law on Notary Positions. It is necessary to amend Article 36 of the Law on Notary Positions in order to mention the determination of the minimum honorarium limit determined by the notary position organization, so that the determination of the notary position professional organization has binding power based on the Notary Position Act.

Public complaints against notaries should be the object of review by the supervisory board based on the code of ethics and applicable laws. When the supervisory panel finds an alleged criminal act in the results of its review, it is important to submit it to the Notary Honorary Council for further action. This study uses a sociological juridical approach (empirical) in a qualitative descriptive manner. This research specification focuses on empirical normative studies, namely legal research equipped with empirical data. The data collection method in this study was carried out by field studies and literature studies. The data obtained were then analyzed qualitatively. The conclusion is that based on the provisions which include Article 66 paragraph (1) UUJN, Constitutional Court Decision Number: 16/PUU-XVIII/2020, Permenkumham No.7/2016, Permenkumham No.15/2020 and MoU No. B/1056/V/2006 Number 01/MOU/PP-INI/V/2006 concerning Development and Enhancement of Professionalism in the Field of Law Enforcement, the role of the Notary Honorary Council must be put forward in connection with the police report No.: LP288/VII/2020 SPKT Polda Sultra after the Constitutional Court decision Number: 16/PUU-XVIII/2020. Whereas the suggestion is that in order to understand the role of the Notary Honorary Council that must be put forward after the Constitutional Court decision Number: 16/PUU-XVIII/2020, socialization is needed in the wider community so that suspected criminal acts by notary persons are not immediately reported to the police but are resolved first through the inspection mechanism in the supervisory board and the honorary council.

Article 88 paragraph (1) of Act No. 40 of 2007 states that RUPS to amend the articles of association can be held if at the meeting at least 2/3 (two thirds) of the total shares with voting rights are present or represented in the RUPS and the decision is valid if it is approved at least 2/3 (two thirds) of the number of votes cast, which causes problems if the Limited Liability Company only has two shareholders with the same percentage of share ownership. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of Limited Liability Company ownership by two people with the same share percentage and to find out the role of a notary in solving the problem of limited liability company share ownership by two people with the same percentage. The method used in this research is sociological juridical method, the specification in this research is descriptive analytic, the data used are primary data and secondary data, using data collection by interview and literature study, qualitative data analysis, problems analyzed by theory, legal certainty, and Justice Theory. The results of this study indicate that the ownership of PT shares owned by 2 (two) shareholders with balanced share ownership can certainly cause losses to the PT, especially causing difficulties in decision making at the implementation of the AGM. Where if during the RUPS, one of the parties does not approve the results of the RUPS, so the decision cannot be taken because the quorum is not fulfilled. The RUPS is an organ of the Company which has the remaining authority which is not given to the Board of Directors and the Board of Commissioners. The RUPS represents the will of the shareholders as a whole, either as a result of a decision by deliberation or a decision as a result of voting results that are in accordance with and in line with the provisions of the Association and or the Company Law. So it can be said that the RUPS is a meeting held by shareholders in their position as the owner of the company, which has the authority that neither the board of directors nor the board of commissioners have.

This study aims to identify and analyze an authentic deed made by a substitute notary has the same power as perfect evidence as made by a notary official, to know and analyze the concept of a substitute notary so that the authentic deed product meets the requirements as perfect evidence like a notary official, and to find out and analyze examples of substitute notarial deeds. The research approach method used in this thesis is a normative juridical law research method. This research specification uses descriptive analysis. The type of data used in this research is primary data which includes the 1945 Constitution; Act No. 2 of 2014; Civil Code; and secondary data containing books, journals and other supporting documents. Collecting research data with techniques literature, laws, government regulations, and regulations under the law, journals, scholarly opinions, and legal cases. The data analysis method used in analyzing the data is a qualitative analysis of the interactive model. The results show that the authentic deed made by the substitute notary has a procedure regarding the provisions, the conditions that must be carried out since the notary official takes leave and the Minister of Law and Human Rights gives a letter of appointment of a substitute notary.

Legal Counseling is carried out by providing clear, directed explanations, so that the meaning and purpose of the authentic deed are easily understood and understood by the parties. Sometimes people only provide explanations and documents without knowing the legal issues. Article 15 paragraph paragraph 2 letter e of Act No. 2 of 2014 explains that, "in addition to the authority as referred to in paragraph (1), the Notary is also authorized to: provide legal counseling in connection with the making of the Deed." Here it is explained that every notary is obliged to explain the responsibility to provide legal counseling to the parties/clients. This research purposed to review and analyze the Responsibilities of the Notary in providing legal counseling to the parties for what he did in the City of Kendari, and to examine and analyze the obstacles and solutions of the notary in providing legal counseling to the parties for what he did. The research approach method used in this research was an empirical juridical research method. The type of data used in this research Primary Data includes Act No. 2 of 2014 concerning Notary Positions and Secondary Data containing books and documentsother supporters. Collecting research data with interview techniques and study of documents or library materials. The data analysis method used in analyzing the data is a qualitative approach in order to obtain descriptive data. The results of the study show that: First, the Notary's responsibility in providing legal counseling is only to provide advice to the parties/clients, it is the client who has the decision in the deed as long as it does not conflict with Article 1320 of the Criminal Code, so that there are no consequences.law in the future. Second, the barriers are competence, clients who do not explain in detail, communication, differences in interpretation, and client characteristics as well as upgrading solutions for notaries, supporting documents, communication skills, discussion for solutions, and psychological approaches.

The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of Notary supervision carried out by MPD, the performance of Notaries based on the results of Notary supervision by MPD, and to find out the obstacles faced by MPD in carrying out Notary supervision in their area. The approach method in this research is normative juridical. The research specification is descriptive analytical. The data sources used in this study consist of primary data and secondary data which can be distinguished in primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. Collecting data in this study using the method of literature study and interviews. The data analysis technique used is the processed data which will be presented in the form of qualitative data analysis. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the Notary has the legal authority to make an authentic deed. In order to improve the quality and quantity of Notaries, a new regulation that applies to Notaries is issued, namely Act No. 30 of 2004 concerning Notary Positions (UUJN). Along with the accountability of the Notary to the community in carrying out his duties, then it must be guaranteed by the existence of a supervision and guidance. Notary supervision is carried out by involving several elements, namely experts from academics, government elements, and notary elements.

This study aims to determine and analyze the implementation of the provisions of the Islamic Law Compilation regarding the distribution of inheritance to orphans who are victims of natural disasters who are in guardianship. To find out and analyze the role of the notary in the implementation of the distribution of inheritance to orphans victims of natural disasters who are in guardianship. And to find out and analyze the obstacles and solutions to the distribution of inheritance experienced by orphans who are victims of natural disasters who are in guardianship. The research method used in this research is juridical empirical, while the data collection method uses library research and field research. The data analysis method was carried outqualitative then presented descriptively. This research resulted in the main notary's responsibility in making inheritance deeds for the share of orphans who are victims of natural disasters who are in guardianship, still following the perspective provisions of Article 106 of Act No. 23 of 2006 as amended by Act No. 24 of 2013 concerning Population Administration. , because population classification has no longer been applied since the enactment of the Population Administration Law. Notaries have the authority to make a Certificate of Inheritance regardless of population classification. The authority of the Notary in making the Certificate of Inheritance for Indonesian Citizens is based on the provisions of Article 15 of the UUJN, so that the Certificate of Inheritance for Indonesian Citizens is made in the form of this authentic deed based on the provisions of Article 1868 of the Civil Code. The role of the notary in making SKW is only to confirm that the existence of an SKW is very authentic evidence. In addition, the role of the notary in the distribution of Islamic inheritance, but the one who has full authority to determine legal recognition and termination is the Religious Court. Notary in the distribution of inheritance plays a role in making the Deed of Inheritance Statement and Certificate of Inheritance Rights. If there is a dispute, the notary can make peace deeds and/or an agreement to relinquish the rights of claim. The notary in the distribution of inheritance plays a role in making the Deed of Inheritance and Certificate of Inheritance If there is a dispute, the notary can make peace deeds and/or an agreement to relinquish the rights of claim. The notary in the distribution of inheritance plays a role in making the Deed of Inheritance and Certificate of Inheritance If there is a dispute, the notary can make peace deeds and/or an agreement to relinquish the rights of claim.

The purpose of this study was to analyze: 1) The role of the Regional Supervisory Council on the responsibility of the Notary Public Protocol who has passed away in Jepara Regency. 2). The liability of the heirs to the protocol of the deceased notary public. The approach method to discuss this research is juridical empirical. This type of research is classified as a descriptive analytical research. Data collection was obtained from primary data and secondary data, by means of interviews and literature study. The data analysis technique is qualitative data analysis. The research results are: 1). The role of the Regional Supervisory Council for the responsibility of the Notary Public Protocol who has passed away in Jepara Regency, namely the MPD of the Jepara Regency working area as the supervisory council has played an active role in providing guidance and supervision to Notaries. MPD's firmness, especially regarding the Notary protocol that must be applied, so that when a Notary dies, such as the case of notary Muhammad Chaidzar, SH. M.Kn, and the protocol has been submitted to another notary appointed by the MPD. Legal aspects related to the accountability of the heirs of a capable Notary by immediately submitting the Notary protocol to another Notary who is appointed by MPD as the Notary holding the protocol. 2). The obligation of the heirs to the protocol of the deceased Notary is that the State archives in the form of documents that have been made by the notary must be kept, by submitting the Notary protocol through the MPD because of its authority. The responsibility of a notary public for a notary protocol that has not been submitted to another notary in this case can be categorized as an act of legal competence. Actions proficient in law here are defined as the implementation of the heir's responsibility in carrying out or submitting the protocol of the deceased.

PPJB land contains the rights and obligations of the parties who made it, so that if the matters that have been agreed in the deed of sale and purchase are violated or not fulfilled by the parties who made it then the parties are authorized to request cancellation in the agreement before the court. In practice, the sale and purchase agreement can be revoked by the heirs. The purpose of this study; to find out how the position of the Heirs' Law and legal protection to the Buyer in the case of the Sale and Purchase Agreement entered into by the Heir is canceled by the heirs and How the Laws of the Cancellation of the Sale and Purchase Agreement are Unilateral by the Heirs. The method used in this study is the Sociological Juridical method, the specification in this study is descriptive analytical, the data used is primary and secondary data, using data collection with interviews and library studies, qualitative data analysis, problems analyzed with theory, legal certainty and Authority Theory. The results of this study show that, the heirs can cancel the sale and purchase of the heirs' land if the legal conditions of the sale and purchase are not met through the court. Heirs who do not give their consent in the sale and purchase of inherited land as their right, have the right to cancel the sale and purchase of the land. If an agreement does not meet the Subjective requirements, then the agreement can be revoked. The PPJB Deed made by the Notary is basically an authentic act that will not be disputed if one party does not feel harmed, but with the content of the agreement in PPJB then the cancellation can arise a problem because one party feels harmed by the other party.The seller who is the heir has an obligation to continue the agreement, because the heirs receive the obligation from the heirs in general, in the sense of assets and passions of the heirs are the responsibility of the heirs.

This study aims to analyze the legal strength and authority of local governments in the implementation of land acquisition for the public interest based on statutory regulations, to explain the constraints and solutions for implementing land acquisition for the public interest in Banyumas Regency. The approach method in this research is juridical empirical. The research specification used is descriptive analytical. Sources of data used in this study consist of primary data and secondary data which can be distinguished into primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. Collecting data in this study using literature study and interviews. The data analysis technique used is that the analyzed data will be presented in the form of qualitative data analysis. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the regulation of regional government authority in terms of land acquisition for the public interest is based on the provisions of Article 47 Paragraph (1) Presidential Regulation Number 148 of 2015 concerning Implementation of Land Acquisition for Development for Public Interest, the Governor with the authority he has can conduct land for public use. The governor in this case can carry out his own authority in the preparation of land acquisition or delegate it to the Regent and in the implementation of the authority of the regional government in land acquisition for public interest in Banyumas Regency, it is in accordance with Act No 2 of 2012 concerning Land Acquisition for Development for Public Interest, namely from the planning stage, the preparation stage, and implementation.

This study aims to determine and analyze the process and responsibilities of a notary in the manufacture and storage of minutes of deed electronically and to find out examples of deeds that contain electronic elements. The research approach method used in this thesis is a sociological juridical legal research method. This research specification uses descriptive analysis. The type of data used in this research is primary data which includes the 1945 Constitution; Act No. 2 of 2014; Code of Civil law; the Criminal Code, as well as secondary data containing books and other supporting documents. Collecting research data with interview techniques and study of documents or library materials. The data analysis method used in analyzing the data is qualitative analysis. The results showed that: First, the electronic deed has not yet obtained a strong legal basis, so it does not provide a guarantee of legal certainty. Legal certainty can be achieved, if there are no conflicting provisions between one law and another. Second, electronic storage of deed minutes can already be done because several laws already allow it. The requirement for a deed to be stored electronically is an authentic deed that must be made and stored conventionally. Storage of minutes of deeds electronically can already be done because some laws already allow it. The requirement for a deed to be stored electronically is an authentic deed that must be made and stored conventionally. Storage of minutes of deeds electronically can already be done because some laws already allow it. The requirement for a deed to be stored electronically is an authentic deed that must be made and stored conventionally.

Notary is one of the public officials (openbaar ambtenar) who is authorized to make all kinds of agreements in the form of authentic deeds, set the date, keep the deeds and issue grosses, copies and quotations, all of this as long as the act of the deed is not also required to other officials or specifically the obligation. However, it often happens that notaries do things outside their authority, one of which is as the party receiving the deposit of payment of fees for the acquisition of land and building rights. The formulation of this research isknow the responsibilities of the notary in terms of receiving the deposit of payment of taxes on the acquisition of land and building rights, then associated with the appropriate theory in order to draw hypotheses and be supported by research data in the field, as well as civil settlement in the event of a dispute. The method used in this research is the approach method in this writing is normative juridical, the specification of this research is descriptive analytical research. The data source uses secondary data. Data collection techniques using literature study or document study. The data analysis technique used a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of the research on the first and second conclusions. In terms of depositing fees for the acquisition of land and building rights, basically the notary's clients appear to be paying them, but in practice it is often found that notaries are trusted by many appearers/clients to pay the fees for the acquisition of land and building rights from their clients. Related to this, the laws and regulations do not regulate the authority of a Notary as a land deed official to pay land sale and purchase tax from his client or appearer, but if the appearers/clients authorize the notary concerned to represent to pay the land sale and purchase tax in the form of fees for the acquisition of land and building rights to the state treasury, the notary concerned basically does not have the authority to carry out the payment.

Trafficking in human organs is a threat and also a crime for humanity. Crimes against humanity, the United Nations then formulated the practice of trafficking in human organs which was carried out with illegal means and purposes as part of a transnational crime. The regulation on organ transplantation in Indonesia is regulated in Act No. 36 of 2009 concerning Organ Transplantation. To ensure legal certainty in organ transplantation, both donors and recipients will submit a written statement not to buy organs from a prospective donor or enter into a special agreement with a prospective donor, which is stated in the form of a notary deed or a written statement ratified by a notary. The research objective is to analyze the urgency of the notarial deed of organ transplantation in the context of preventing the sale and purchase of human organs based on the Minister of Health Regulation No. 38 of 2016, the obstacles that arise in the making of a notary deed, the formulation of a notary deed in the implementation of organ or human tissue transplantation. This research is included in empirical juridical research with descriptive analysis research specifications. Sources of data used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection was carried out by field research and library research, then after the data was analyzed, conclusions were drawn using inductive thinking methods. Based on the results of the study found From the positive law, namely Permenkes No. 38 of 2016 and Islamic law, in organ transplantation it is known that there is a condition that there is no sale and purchase of organs, there is no special agreement that provides benefits to the donor and is carried out with a notarial deed in the form of an agreement or written statement under the hand that legalized or waarmerking. Currently, there are no technical or procedural obstacles in making a notarial deed of organ transplantation in the context of preventing the sale and purchase of human organs. The formulation of a notarial deed in the implementation of human organ or tissue transplants based on the Minister of Health Regulation No. 38 of 2016 is based on the legal arrangement regarding authentic deeds, namely Article 1868 BW.

Analysis of the Role of a Notary in the Implementation of Credit Agreements and Efforts to Settle Default with Guaranteed Mortgage at Bank BRI, Tegal City requires the assistance of a Notary. This happens because the Notary is authorized to make a form of authentic deed that is able to provide legal protection to the parties to the agreement. Regarding the authority of a Notary as a general official making an authentic deed, it can be seen in the provisions of Article 15 paragraph (1) of Act No.: 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of a Notary. The objectives of this journal research are one, to identify and analyze the role of a Notary in a credit agreement with mortgage guarantees at Bank BRI Tegal City Branch Office; two, to find out and analyze the factors causing the occurrence of Default in the credit agreement with the guarantee of Mortgage at Bank BRI Tegal City Branch Office; three, to find out and analyze how to settle defaults in credit agreements with mortgage guarantees at Bank BRI Tegal City Branch Office. The approach method used is the sociological juridical method, the research specifications used are analytical descriptive, using observation and interviews, secondary data collection techniques using library research, and data analysis methods using qualitative analysis. The results of the research and discussion, First, the role of the Notary in the implementation of the credit agreement, as an official authorized to make an authentic deed who is burdened with responsibility in connection with his work in making the deed and the deed can provide legal certainty for the parties in the credit agreement so that the Notary is to prioritize the balance between the namely rights and obligations of the parties who appear before the Notary. Second, the factors causing the occurrence of Default in the credit agreement with guaranteed mortgage rights at Bank BRI Tegal City Branch Office, there are internal factors and external factors causing non-performing loans. Third, Settlement of default in the credit agreement with collateral rights at the BRI bank Tegal City Branch Office can be done by using rescheduling, reconditioning, and restructuring methods.

The notary makes a power of attorney to sell on the binding of subsidized housing loans is a legal act that has been in accordance with the law on his authority to make an authentic deed and has been based on the wishes of the appearers. However, in practice, the power of attorney (in this case, the debtor of subsidized housing loans) when there is a default, the debtor sues the notary deed to be canceled or cancelled. This study aims to identify and analyze the responsibility of the Notary for making a power of attorney to sell on subsidized housing loans to debtors who default. The research approach method used in this thesis is a normative juridical legal research method. This research specification uses descriptive analysis. The type of data used in this research is primary data which includes the Civil Code; Permenkumham No. 17 of 2021; Letter of Exit from the Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, as well as secondary data containing books and other supporting documents. Collecting research data with interview techniques and study of documents or library materials. The data analysis method used in analyzing the data is a qualitative analysis of the interactive model. The results of the study show that: (1) The authority of the Notary to make a power of attorney to sell on subsidized housing loans is appropriate based on the Exit Letter of the Head of the National Land Agency No. 4398/17.3-300/XI/2011. (2) The Notary's responsibility as a public official if proven guilty of making a power of attorney to sell a house on a subsidized housing loan, then based on the Law on Notary Position, the deed in question only has the power of proof as a private deed.

The results in the emergence of rights and obligations for a person as well as the emergence of law between children, parents and the surrounding community. A child has the right and authority as a legal subject. Children have an important role in a marriage bond, apart from being the hope of parents, children also act as successors of offspring. Children in general are a group of people who are immature, unmarried and incapable of acting for themselves. The purpose of this paper is to determine the implementation of the transfer of land rights and responsibilities to minors due to inheritance. This study uses a sociological juridical approach, which is carried out by field research aimed at the application of law. This research specification uses descriptive analysis, namely research which in addition to providing an overview, writing and reporting an object or an event will also draw general conclusions from the existing problem. The data sources of this study are primary data sources and secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Methods of data collection using interviews, document studies and library materials. While the data analysis used qualitative analysis. The results of the study show thatthe implementation of the transfer of land rights to minors must apply for the determination of child guardianship and a permit to sell at the Religious Courts for Muslims and the District Courts for non-Muslims as one of the administrative requirements. After the decision on the guardianship determination has been issued by the local court, it can be used as a basis for the transfer of land rights by sale and purchase owned by minors due to inheritance.In the transfer of inheritance rights to land owned by minors, they cannot be freely transferred by their parents, they must comply with and comply with the applicable legal regulations in the transfer of inheritance of minors. The responsibility of the guardian towards minors due to inheritance is that the guardian is obliged to carry out his obligations to take care of the children who are under his control and all property as well as possible. The guardian is obliged to make a list of the child's property under his control and record all changes in the child's property.

The purpose of this study is to analyze: 1) The legal position of a notary covernote in a credit agreement in the event of bad credit at Bank Rakyat Indonesia Pangkal Pinang. 2). The process of settling bad loans in a credit agreement based on a notary covernote at Bank Rakyat Indonesia Pangkal Pinang. The approach method used in this study is an empirical juridical approach. The research specification used is descriptive analytical research. This type of data uses primary data and secondary data with library research and interview collection methods. The data analysis method used in this research is descriptive analysis. The results of the study concluded: 1) The legal position of a notary covernote in a credit agreement in the event of bad credit at Bank Rakyat Indonesia Pangkal Pinang is that the covernote is used as the basis for credit disbursement. Notary covernotes should not be used as the basis for credit disbursement, because basically covernotes are only temporary guarantees. A covernote made by a notary is usually only a statement that the certification process is still ongoing. Covernote does not have a legal umbrella because it is not regulated in laws and regulations, both the Banking Law and UUJN, so that the consequences that will then be caused by the existence of this covernote apply legal provisions both criminally and civilly. 2). The process of settling bad loans in a credit agreement based on a notary covernote at Bank Rakyat Indonesia Pangkal Pinang is completed through litigation/lawsuits to court. Notary G was proven to have committed a criminal act of corruption together and was detrimental to the state. In the decision of the Notary Court, they must be criminally responsible and fined. The use of a notary covernote in a credit agreement is basically not prohibited and is possible under the Banking Law and the Mortgage Law. In the event of non-performing loans before the issuance of mortgage rights, the bank only serves as a concurrent creditor. Legal protection for banks is based on Articles 1131 and 1132 of the Civil Code. In the event of non-performing loans before the issuance of mortgage rights, the bank only serves as a concurrent creditor. Legal protection for banks is based on Articles 1131 and 1132 of the Civil Code.

Notary as a public official who is not paid, either by the state, ministry, or any other party according to UUJN. Sociologically, notaries are stigmatized as one of the respectable professions in society. On the other hand, the presence of a notary in the community has also increased in quantity, so that it is correlated with competition in the task of a notary.This study aims to determine and analyze the responsibilities of a notary in carrying out the position of a notary, to find out and analyze the role of the Indonesian Notary Association in implementing the welfare of a notary in the city of Semarang, and to find out an example of a Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement. The research approach method used in this thesis is an empirical juridical legal research method with descriptive analysis research specifications.Data sources and data collection methods used primary and secondary data which were analyzed qualitatively.The results showed that: First,The position of a notary in Article 1 point 1 UUJN, namely a public official authorized to make authentic deeds and other authorities as referred to in the law. While the term public official is translated from openbare ambtenaren as in Article 1868 of the Civil Code that, "An authentic deed is a deed made in the form determined by law by or before public officials who have power for that, at the place where the deed is. made." On the other hand, Act No. 25 of 2009 concerning Public Services also applies to notaries, because according to Article 15 of the UUJN, the authority of a notary in addition to the UUJN applies, other laws also apply. This means that the Civil Code and the Public Service Law or other laws also apply.Second,Regarding the uncertainty of the minimum honorarium limit from the notary service fee, the Semarang City regional association organization once agreed on a reference regarding the minimum limit for the notary service fee, however, this reference could not last long or was not effectively enforced because after all the economic demands that made notaries compete in getting clients for the sake of to support himself, his family and of course for the operational costs of the office. Meanwhile, as a form of attention from the government, for example, the provision of incentives for the position of a notary has never been proposed to the government.

Unlike the European nations that shifted from privatized tax collection to a centralized government control system, the Ottoman Empire successfully maintained its tax farming system. Yet, there is ample evidence against the views that such a system was backward and wasteful are not entirely correct, but that the Ottoman tax collection method was successful in its own historical context. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reveal evidence of whether the Ottoman Empire implemented a successful tax farming system in the 19th century based on the accounting records of tax farming revenues considering the Ottoman public finances, institutional infrastructure, and administrative practices in a broader European context. Accordingly, the present study utilized the Prime Minister’s Ottoman Archives, the records of Revenue (Varidat) Accounting Administration, and the tax farming auctions in the Central Council (Majlis-i Val’a). The economic and financial conditions of the period were also considered in the analysis of the data. Evaluation of the tax collected by tax collectors in Kocaeli Province (Sancak) revealed the nature of economic activities in the empire. It can be stated that tax collectors in Kocaeli Province paid the total amount of 395,612 Guruş (Ottoman currency) tax revenue in five installments in 3 months and that the highest tax was collected from the sales of alcoholic beverages. Adet-i Ağnam (the tax collected for sheep and goat breeding) collected from each district was auctioned for tax farming price of 51,610 Guruş. In addition to these taxes, taxes from trade, forestry, maritime, and industrial production were included in the tax farming revenues. Overall, considering the adverse political and economic conditions in the historical process, the Ottoman Empire’s tax farming system was successful in collecting taxes and was a part of the formation of the modern Ottoman public finance system.

The fall of Jerusalem to Saladin in 1187 and the loss of the Frankish Levant in 1291 triggered new calls or crusade and the literature dedicated to "the recovery of the Holy Land" (pro recuperatione Terre Sancte). The exhortation to war and the urgency of Jerusalem's deliverance were also expressed through liturgy. This article examines two liturgical texts, a "Votive mass for the recovery of the Holy Land" (Missa devota ad recurandam Terram Sanctam) and an "Introit to the Holy Sepulchre of the Lord" (Ad Sanctum Sepulcrum Donin introitus), transmitted in manuscripts from the Franciscan library in Jerusalem, the Biblioteca Generale della Custodia di Terra Santa. This article explores the two liturgical texts in the historical context of fifteenth-century Jerusalem, when the Franciscan friars where the only Latin clergy allowed to serve at the Holy Places. Historical accounts produced in this milieu evince the friars' efforts to memorialize the deeds of the crusader kings, celebrated as liberators of the Holy Land. The liturgical texts analysed here complement this militant memorialization.
 Keywords: Jerusalem, Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Franciscan liturgy, recovery of the Holy Land. 
 On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

STEAM-based learning is a global issue in early-childhood education practice. STEAM content becomes an integrative thematic approach as the main pillar of learning in kindergarten. This study aims to develop a conceptual and practical approach in the implementation of children's education by applying a modification from STEAM Learning to R-SLAMET. The research used a qualitative case study method with data collection through focus group discussions (FGD), involving early-childhood educator's research participants (n = 35), interviews, observation, document analysis such as videos, photos and portfolios. The study found several ideal categories through the use of narrative data analysis techniques. The findings show that educators gain an understanding of the change in learning orientation from competency indicators to play-based learning. Developing thematic play activities into continuum playing scenarios. STEAM learning content modification (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Math) to R-SLAMETS content (Religion, Science, Literacy, Art, Math, Engineering, Technology and Social study) in daily class activity. Children activities with R-SLAMETS content can be developed based on an integrative learning flow that empowers loose part media with local materials learning resources.
 Keyword: STEAM to R-SLAMETS, Early Childhood Education, Integrative Thematic Learning
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The Sangam literature provides very valuable information on the social, economic and political life of the Tamil society. Sanga kaalam (Sangam age) is considered to be the Golden Age of Tamil Literature. The study aims to collect and quantify the scales found in the decimal texts and to classify their types such as verbal, melody, and verbal scales, to distinguish the scales from the following places first, middle, and last, and to look at the measurements at the high level and to identify and measure the measurements in the decimal. The Ten Idylls, known as Pattuppāṭṭu or Ten Lays, is an anthology of ten longer poems in the Sangam literature – the earliest known Tamil literature. They range between about 100 and 800 lines, and the collection includes the celebrated Nakkīrar's Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai (lit. "Guide to Lord Murukan"). The collection was termed as "Ten Idylls" during the colonial era, though this title is considered "very incorrect" by Kamil Zvelebil – a scholar of Tamil literature and history. He suggests "Ten Lays" as the more apt title. Five of these ten ancient poems are lyrical, narrative bardic guides (arruppatai) by which poets directed other bards to the patrons of arts such as kings and chieftains. The others are guides to religious devotion (Murugan) and to major towns, sometimes mixed with akam- or puram-genre poetry.