Academic literature on the topic 'Sans Serveur'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sans Serveur"
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Walker, Claudette, and Marianne Robinot Cottet-Dumoulin. "Oser sans limite d’âge !" Servir N° 524, no. 6 (2023): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/servir.524.0054.
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Najib, Muhammad, Bambang Purnomosidi D.P, and M. Agung Nugroho. "IMPLEMENTASI SECURITY AUDITOR UNTUK STANDARDISASI INSTALASI SERVER PADA LAYANAN SAAS MENGGUNAKAN CIS BENCHMARK." Cyber Security dan Forensik Digital 5, no. 2 (2023): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/csecurity.2022.5.2.3929.
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Pertumbuhan layanan sistem pada era ini semakin banyak dan variatif, termasuk juga adalah layasan SaaS. Pada layanan SaaS kebutuhan sebuah kemanan informasi itu cukup penting dan vital. Salah satu cara meningkatkan keamanan adalah dengan melakukan hardening pada server yang digunakan. Hardening dapat dilakukan jika memiliki data konfigurasi pada sistem dan kontrol terdahap isu-isu kemanan informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan CIS Security untuk mengetahui hasil audit dari CIS Benchmark berupa penilaian sehingga dapat meningkatkan keamanan sistem operasi Centos 6.10 dengan rekomendasi dari CIS Security ini. Sistem ini dibuat bertujuan untuk melakukan audit pada server dengan sistem operasi Centos 6. 10, kemudian hasil dari audit akan ditampilkan dalam data agar lebih mudah dibaca dan dapat dijadikan bahan untuk menjadi evaluasi bagi instalasi layanan SaaS agar lebih baik. Dalam sistem security auditor ini terdapat 2 buah server, masing-masing adalah server testing dan server pool. Server testing adalah server yang akan di audit menggunakan program audit yang disesuaikan dengan CIS Benchmark. Program audit ini ditulis dalam bahasa bash script. Hasil audit dapat dikirimkan ke server pool dan ditampilkan oleh server pool dengan halaman web. Pada server pool ini menggunakan PHP sebagai backend dengan manajemen datanya adalah mysql. Sedangkan menggunakan framework Bootsrap untuk meperindah frontend nya. Untuk enviroment server pool ini dijalankan dengan virtulasisasi docker. Berdasarkan analisa yang dilakukan sehingga diperoleh hasil yaitu sistem security auditor untuk standardisasi instalasi server pada layanan SaaS menggunakan CIS Benchmark. Untuk membangun sebuah security auditor membutuhkan standardisasi yang sudah diakui dunia. CIS Control memiliki kaitan penting dalam implementasi ISO 27001. Dalam sistem security auditor ini dapat memberikan nilai pada setiap hasil audit yang dijalankan pada server testing dengan CIS Benchmark berdasarkan CIS Control. Selain itu sistem ini memberikan ceklist data hasil audit yang dapat digunakan System Administrator untuk mengevaluasi intalasi server pada layanan SaaS. Kata kunci: audit keamanan sistem, CIS benchmark, CIS Control, CIS Security, ISO 27001 ------ The development of system services this year is increasing, especially SaaS services. In SaaS services, the need for information security is quite important. One of the solutions to improve security in the system is to harden the server used. Hardening can be done if you have configuration data on the design and controls for information security issues. This study aims to implement CIS Security to find out the results of an audit from CIS Benchmark in the form of an assessment so that it can improve the security of the Centos 6.10 operating system with recommendations from CIS Security. This research is building a system to conduct an audit on a server with the Centos 6.10 operating system; then, the audit results will be displayed in the data so that it is easier to read and can be used as material for evaluation for better SaaS service installations. In this security auditor system, there are two servers: a testing server and a pool server. Server testing is a server that will be audited using an audit program that is adjusted to the CIS Benchmark. This audit program is written in a bash script language. Audit results can be sent to the pool server and displayed by the pool server with a web page. This server pool uses PHP as the backend, with MySQL as data management. At the same time, use the Bootstrap framework to beautify the front end. The server pool environment is run with docker virtualization. Based on the analysis, the results are a security auditor system for standardizing server installations in SaaS services using CIS Benchmarks. Building a security auditor requires standardization that has been recognized worldwide. CIS Control has an important link in the implementation of ISO 27001. The system can give a value to each audit result run on the testing server with CIS Benchmark based on CIS Control. In addition, this system provides a checklist of audit results data that System Administrators can use to evaluate server installations on SaaS services. Keywords: network security auditing, CIS benchmark, CIS control, CIS security, ISO 27001
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Iranpour, Eiman, and Saeed Sharifian. "An FPGA implemented brain emotional learning intelligent admission controller for SaaS cloud servers." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 39, no. 10 (2016): 1522–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331216644042.
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Dynamic resource allocation in a cloud environment has become possible using virtualization technologies in cloud computing. One of the applications of these technologies is offering various applications by Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) infrastructures. Unfortunately, due to request rate increments in cloud rush hours, the related server cannot serve all the requests according to the service level agreement. Hence, the cloud provider’s quality of service will decrease. Thus a mechanism is required to control the admission rate of requests for cloud servers. In this study, an intelligent controller is designed and implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) in order to control the admission rate of requests for a SaaS server in the cloud. The controller is based on a brain emotional learning-based intelligent controller (BELBIC). First, an analytical model of a server is proposed and simulated, which shows the behavioural characteristics of a real server. Next, the BELBIC is designed to control the admission rate of the server. Finally, the system is implemented on FPGA hardware and simulated by a synthetic cloud workload in a hardware-in-the-loop manner. In order to compare the performance of the BELBIC, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) controller in addition to the popular PID controller is provided. The controllers’ efficiencies are compared in terms of server utilization, admission rate, drop rate of requests and the agility of the controllers. The results proved that the BELBIC offers faster rise time compared with the PID controller, which leads to better cloud utilization and a smaller number of dropped requests.
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Schwartze, Christian, Franciska Zander, Sven Kralisch, and Wolfgang-Albert Flügel. "Virtual Appliances for geospatial data management and processing in the Integrated Land Management System (ILMS)." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 49 (November 13, 2012): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/49/2480.
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Virtualization is increasingly taking on a key role in various system architectures which follow new platform concepts like Software as a Service (SaaS). This trend addresses more instant and short-term environments and comes with new methods and strategies for the distribution of mainly complex application stacks not only in large IT infrastructures. The paper presents how a so called Virtual Appliance can be set up in order to operate in virtual server environments using hypervisor software like Oracle Virtual-Box. Using the example of two server-side components within the Integrated Land Management System (ILMS), it will be shown that the use of state-of-the-art methods, standardized tools and interfaces on servers enables different aspects of environmental system management, analysis and planning.
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Rowe, Timothy. "Contraception orale sans ordonnance? Servez-vous!" Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 30, no. 4 (2008): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1701-2163(16)32795-5.
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Courtney, Robert C. "Canada GEESE 2: Visualization of Integrated Marine Geoscience Data for Canadian and Proximal Waters." Geoscience Canada 40, no. 2 (2013): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2013.40.0010.
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The Geological Survey of Canada has made most of its holdings of marine geoscience data available online with unrestricted access. These holdings constitute the premier collections of geological and geophysical source data for Canadian and proximal waters. Multibeam bathymetric imagery, analog high resolution seismic and sidescan sonar data, seabed photographs, grain size analyses, and radiocarbon dates can be directly downloaded from NRCan’s Geogratis (http://geogratis.cgdi.gc.ca) servers. KML files allow the user to discover and explore these collections, highlighting the building blocks of marine data downloadable from ftp/http servers.SOMMAIRELa Commission géologique du Canada a mis en ligne la plupart de ses fonds de données géoscientifiques marines et y donne accès sans restriction. Ces fonds constituent des collections de premier choix de données géologiques et géophysiques de base des eaux canadiennes ou proximales. On peut ainsi télécharger des serveurs Géogratis de RNCan (http://geogratis.cgdi.gc.ca) des données d’imagerie bathymétrique par secteurs, des données analogiques séismiques haute résolution et de levé de sonar à balayage latéral, des photographies du fond marin, des analyses granulométriques, et des datations au radiocarbone. Le format KML des fichiers permet aux utilisateurs d’exploiter facilement le contenu de ces collections, en mettant en relief les données marines de base téléchargeables depuis les serveurs FTP/HTTP.
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Adjerad, Raphaële. "À quoi servent les banques centrales sans inflation ?" Idées économiques et sociales N° 188, no. 2 (2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/idee.188.0035.
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Ramalingam, Chithambaramani, and Prakash Mohan. "An Efficient Applications Cloud Interoperability Framework Using I-Anfis." Symmetry 13, no. 2 (2021): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13020268.
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Cloud interoperability provides cloud services such as Software as a Service (SaaS) or customer system to communicate between the cloud providers. However, one of the most important barriers for existing researches was to adopt the application’s or data’s in cloud computing environments so as to obtain efficient cloud interoperability. This paper focuses on reliable cloud interoperability with a heterogeneous cloud computing resource environment with the objective of providing unilateral provision computing capabilities of a cloud server without the help of human interaction and allowing proper utilization of applications and services across various domains by using an effective cloud environment available at runtime. Moreover, the framework uses hybrid squirrel search genetic algorithm (HSSGA) to select the relevant features from a set of extracted features in order to eliminate irrelevant data which provides advantages of low computational time and less memory usage. Thereafter, for a proper selection of cloud server with respect to the selected features, the system has developed the improved adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (I-ANFIS) which provides accurate server selection and helps against uncertainties caused by servers or applications. Hence, the experimental result of the proposed framework gives an accuracy of 94.24% and remains more efficient compared to existing frameworks.
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Kumar, Sarvesh, Anubha Jain, and Astha Pareek. "Designing heuristic driven hybrid optimization algorithms for efficient workflow scheduling in IaaS cloud." Journal of Autonomous Intelligence 7, no. 5 (2024): 1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/jai.v7i5.1024.
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<p class="Abstract">Each one of the real resources or hardware like workstations, work ranges, joins, switches, switches, server ranches, and capacity contraptions are fundamental for the establishment. In disseminated computing, all the establishment is virtualized and given to infrastructure as a service. Usually called IaaS. IaaS quickly increments or down with ask and avoids the got to procure genuine servers and distinctive server cultivate establishment; each resource is displayed as a specific help portion. A conveyed computing pro-organization bargains with the establishment, whereas the client presents, plans, and manages programming, counting applications, middleware, and working systems. IaaS dispersed computing offers clients induction to figuring resources like servers, stockpiling, and frameworks organization. Affiliations utilize their possess establishment and applications interior a master organization’s system. For cloud service providers, cloud schedulers automate IT procedures. Schedulers are used by end users to automate jobs, or tasks, that support everything from big data pipelines to machine learning processes to cloud infrastructure. Infrastructure as a service, or IaaS, is a type of cloud computing that uses the internet to provide virtualized computing resources. IaaS is one of the three main types of cloud computing services, along with Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS). The precise task is assigned to the CPU, the network, and the storage by resource scheduling. The point behind this is the outrageous use of assets. However, both cloud providers and users require well-organized scheduling.</p>
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Afif, Nur. "IMPLEMENTASI OPEN MEETINGS MENGGUNAKAN RASPBERRY PI SEBAGAI SERVER." JURNAL INSTEK (INFORMATIKA SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI) 2, no. 2 (2017): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/instek.v2i2.4015.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Sans Serveur"
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Rafamantanantsoa, Fontaine. "Etude des performances d'un serveur web et d'un réseau local sans fil utilisant les techniques neuronales." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00725472.
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La popularité du service web soulève de nombreux problèmes liés à sa performance. L'utilisation de mécanismes " intelligents " dans le système permet de surmonter la difficulté liée aux méthodes plus traditionnelles pour prendre en compte toute la complexité engendrée par l'introduction des paramètres influents sur la qualité de service d'un serveur web. C'est dans ce contexte que se situent les présents travaux de thèse. Nous nous intéressons au problème de l'évaluation des performances d'un serveur web et du mécanisme d'accès au réseau local sans fil en mode infrastructure. Au lieu d'utiliser les méthodes traditionnelles pour modéliser leurs performances, nous proposons d'utiliser les capacités d'apprentissage et de généralisation des réseaux de neurones pour apprendre ces performances à partir des données obtenues des expérimentations et des simulations. D'abord, nous étudions les effets des différents paramètres influents d'un serveur Web sur ses métriques des performances. Les résultats obtenus permettent de donner des idées aux administrateurs système et réseau sur les façons d'ajuster les paramètres du serveur afin d'améliorer ses performances. Nous proposons aussi un modèle simple basé sur la file d'attente représentant l'architecture du serveur web (processeur, mémoire et disque) en utilisant la technique itérative basée sur les équations MVA (Mean Value Analysis). Ensuite, la thèse propose une nouvelle approche basée sur l'utilisation des réseaux de neurones pour modéliser les performances d'un serveur web en tenant compte ses paramètres d'optimisation. Ces modèles ont été ensuite implémentés sur un serveur web réel, Apache avec un système d'exploitation FreeBSD afin de mettre en place un mécanisme de contrôle de surcharge à boucle ouverte du serveur. Cette stratégie de contrôle permet d'éviter la surcharge du serveur. Un mécanisme de contrôle mixte basé sur la combinaison de deux contrôleurs, neuronal à boucle ouverte et à action proportionnelle intégrale, PI a été élaboré. Ces derniers permettent ensemble d'améliorer considérablement le mécanisme de contrôle d'admission du serveur Web. Enfin on s'est intéressé à la modélisation des performances du mécanisme d'accès au réseau sans fil en mode infrastructure. Les deux modèles, mathématique et neuronal servent à estimer le débit maximal observé sur chaque station sans fil en fonction de la taille de paquet, de la vitesse de transmission et du nombre de stations pour les protocoles UDP et TCP. Les résultats obtenus permettent à l'utilisateur de connaître la capacité d'une borne hot spots de son réseau sans fil.
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Jeatsa, Toulepi Armel. "Optimisation de l'allocation de la mémoire cache CPU pour les fonctions cloud et les applications haute performance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP089.
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Les services informatiques contemporains reposent principalement sur deux paradigmes majeurs : le cluster computing et le cloud computing. Le premier implique la répartition des tâches de calcul entre différents nœuds qui fonctionnent ensemble comme un seul système, tandis que le second se fonde sur la virtualisation de l'infrastructure informatique qui permet sa fourniture à la demande. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, notre attention se porte sur l'allocation du cache de dernier niveau (LLC) dans le contexte de ces deux paradigmes, en se concentrant spécifiquement sur les applications distribuées et les fonctions FaaS. Le LLC est un espace mémoire partagé et utilisé par tous les cœurs de processeur sur un socket NUMA. Étant une ressource partagée, il est sujet à de la contention qui peut avoir un impact significatif sur les performances. Pour pallier ce problème, Intel a mis en œuvre une technologie dans ses processeurs qui permet le partitionnement et l'allocation de la mémoire cache : Cache Allocation Technology (CAT).Dans ce travail, à l'aide de la technologie CAT, nous examinons d'abord l'impact de la contention du LLC sur les performances des fonctions FaaS. Ensuite, nous étudions comment cette contention dans un sous-ensemble de nœuds d'un cluster affecte les performances globales d'une application distribuée en cours d'exécution. De ces études, nous proposons CASY et CADiA, des systèmes d’allocation intelligents du LLC respectivement pour les fonctions FaaS et pour les applications distribuées. CASY utilise l'apprentissage automatique supervisé pour prédire les besoins en cache d'une fonction FaaS en se basant sur la taille du fichier d'entrée, tandis que CADiA construit dynamiquement le profil d'une application distribuée et effectue une allocation harmonisée sur tous les nœuds en fonction de ce profil. Ces deux solutions nous ont permis d'obtenir des gains de performance allant jusqu'à environ 11% pour CASY, et 13% pour CADiA<br>Contemporary IT services are mainly based on two major paradigms: cluster computing and cloud computing. The former involves the distribution of computing tasks between different nodes that work together as a single system, while the latter is based on the virtualization of computing infrastructure, enabling it to be provided on demand. In this thesis, our focus is on last-level cache (LLC) allocation in the context of these two paradigms, concentrating specifically on distributed parallel applications and FaaS functions. The LLC is a shared memory space used by all processor cores on a NUMA socket. As a shared resource, it is subject to contention, which can have a significant impact on performance. To alleviate this problem, Intel has implemented a technology in its processors that enables partitioning and allocation of cache memory: Cache Allocation Technology (CAT).In this work, using CAT, we first examine the impact of LLC contention on the performance of FaaS functions. Then, we study how this contention in a subset of nodes in a cluster affects the overall performance of a running distributed application. From these studies, we propose CASY and CADiA, intelligent LLC allocation systems for FaaS functions and distributed applications respectively. CASY uses supervised machine learning to predict the cache requirements of a FaaS function based on the size of the input file, while CADiA dynamically constructs the cache usage profile of a distributed application and performs harmonized allocation across all nodes according to this profile. These two solutions enabled us to achieve performance gains of up to around 11% for CASY, and 13% for CADiA
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Cherif, Amina. "Sécurité des RFIDs actifs et applications." Thesis, Limoges, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LIMO0015.
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Au cours des 30 dernières années, les dispositifs RFID actifs sont passés de simples dispositifs d’identification (tags) à des noeuds autonomes qui, en prime, collectent (à partir de l’environnement ou d’autres sources) et échangent des données. En conséquence, le spectre de leurs applications s’est largement étendu, passant de la simple identification à la surveillance et à la localisation en temps réel. Ces dernières années, grâce à leurs avantages, l’utilisation de noeuds RFID actifs pour la collecte de données mobiles a suscité une attention particulière. En effet, dans la plupart des scénarios, ces noeuds sont déployés dans des environnements adverses. Les données doivent donc être stockées et transmises de manière sécurisée pour empêcher toute attaque par des adversaires actifs : même si les noeuds sont capturés, la confidentialité des données doit être assurée. Toutefois, en raison des ressources limitées des noeuds en termes d’énergie, de stockage et/ou de calcul, la solution de sécurité utilisée doit être légère. Cette thèse est divisée en deux parties. Dans la première, nous étudierons en détail l’évolution des noeuds RFID actifs et leur sécurité. Nous présenterons ensuite, dans la seconde partie, un nouveau protocole sans serveur permettant à des MDC (collecteurs de données mobiles), par exemple des drones, de collecter en toute sécurité des données provenant de noeuds RFID actifs mobiles et statiques afin de les transmettre ultérieurement à un tiers autorisé. L’ensemble de la solution proposée garantit la confidentialité des données à chaque étape (de la phase de mesure, avant la collecte des données par le MDC, une fois les données collectées par le MDC et lors de la livraison finale), tout en satisfaisant les exigences de faible consommation des ressources (calcul, mémoire, etc.) des entités impliquées. Pour évaluer l’adéquation du protocole aux exigences de performance, nous l’implémenterons sur les dispositifs de sécurité les plus limités en ressources c’est-à-dire à base de processeur de cartes à puce pour prouver qu’il est efficace même dans les pires conditions. De plus, pour prouver que le protocole satisfait aux exigences de sécurité, nous l’analyserons à l’aide de jeux de sécurité et également d’outils de vérification formelle : AVISPA et ProVerif<br>Over the 30 last years, active RFID devices have evolved from nodes dedicated to identification to autonomous nodes that, in addition, sense (from environment or other sources) and exchange data. Consequently, the range of their applications has rapidly grown from identification only to monitoring and real time localisation. In recent years, thanks to their advantages, the use of active RFID nodes for mobile data collection has attracted significant attention. However, in most scenarios, these nodes are unattended in an adverse environments, so data must be securely stored and transmitted to prevent attack by active adversaries: even if the nodes are captured, data confidentiality must be ensured. Furthermore, due to the scarce resources available to nodes in terms of energy, storage and/or computation, the used security solution has to be lightweight. This thesis is divided in two parts. In the first, we will study in details the evolution of active RFID nodes and their security. We will then, present, in the second part, a new serverless protocol to enable MDCs (Mobile Data Collectors), such as drones, to collect data from mobile and static Active RFID nodes and then deliver them later to an authorized third party. The whole solution ensures data confidentiality at each step (from the sensing phase, before data collection by the MDC, once data have been collected by MDC, and during final delivery) while fulfilling the lightweight requirements for the resource-limited entities involved. To assess the suitability of the protocol against the performance requirements, we will implement it on the most resource-constrained secure devices to prove its efficiency even in the worst conditions. In addition, to prove the protocol fulfills the security requirements, we will analyze it using security games and we will also formally verify it using the AVISPA and ProVerif tools
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Hoseini, Leila. "Advantages and Disadvantages of Adopting ERP Systems Served as SaaS from the Perspective of SaaS Users." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-128516.
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Scholarly reviews expound that current prevailing on-premise Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems could not be sufficient for enterprises to form highly dynamic units around vibrant requirements of the market. In response to satisfying ever-changing demands of the market, cloud computing has been recently emerged which its basic promise is convergence of IT efficiency and business agility in information technology. Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) is the most common type of cloud service which has been heralded to be a serious alternative for on-premise software. Considering shortages of current on-premise ERPs and high potentiality of SaaS to be as an alternative for on-premise software, this study seeks to empirically understand real advantages and disadvantages of adopting ERP systems served as SaaS from the perspective of SaaS users. "Real advantages and disadvantages" in this study are the ones which are not only certified through literature but also through empirical data. Grounded in literature review and personal communication with two Information Systems (IS) professionals, 19 items were considered as advantages and 12 items as disadvantages of ERP as SaaS adoption categorized in three groups of strategic, financial, and technical. Survey data of 90 responses were collected and analyzed out of 212 contacts with industry experts in different types of business and sizes of the enterprise in Sweden through nonprobability sampling. By application of Non-parametric test, our data analysis revealed that users of ERP as SaaS believed in five real advantages in adoption of ERP as SaaS while they did not agree with any real disadvantages in such adoption. They accepted that adoption of ERP as SaaS a) helps users to run their business more globally, b) enhances users’ business to go mobile, c) reduces large up-front investment of users on resource provision, d) saves technology costs, and e) helps users not to be concerned about management and maintenance of the ERP as SaaS. Moreover, our final results showed that majority of every enterprise size do not have plan of adopting ERP as SaaS in the future. Based on the findings, detailed discussion will be given about social consequences of the results and underlying reasons which could have impact on recognition of few real advantages and no real disadvantages in this study.
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PANDERS, TOMS. "How to scale SaaS business from local toglobal markets? Case of ad servers." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-147762.
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This thesis will describe SaaS (Software as a Service) business in a global environment. The prior focus will be to give suggestions of models and good examples of how to scale local business into global markets. The necessary theoretical framework on software product and scalability issues is given. Qualitative research is carried out to find out how the suggested models are adopted among selected ad serving companies. The results from three different companies were analyzed to find similarities and the extension of strategy described in theory.The main aim is to illustrate how scalability fits into each company’s business model rather than gain results for the whole industry. Software industry is changing towards the SaaS business model. This paper describes the significant advantages over the traditional software distribution. SaaS can be easily accessible over the internet and provide more scalability for software vendors. Apart from cost efficiency SaaS gives flexibility in maintaining and updating the product. Most importantly it enables vendors to tap into the global customer base, as there is less dependency on local distribution. Scalability has become a major factor for the success of software vendors. The stability of brand solutions is challenged by fast growing startup companies. Main theoretical framework of scalability criteria lies on the Stampfl, Prügl and Osterloh (2013) model. It suggests most important components of designing and implementing scalable businesses. General insight of market expansion strategies are based on Gupta and Govindarajan (2000) framework and adopted to software industry. Qualitative research methods were chosen for this study. Interviews were carried out with three vendors representing advertising technology companies. They qualified the important scalability issues and studied the strategies of expansion. Qualitative study allowed focusing on essential information that lies among the responsibilities of company managers. Research result shows the similar path of scaling among the three interviewed companies. Importance of experience among startup owners and the need of a first engaging customer are highlighted as crucial. Findings suggest vendors to invest in well-developed system fundamentals that do not limit the scalability on later stages. Results prove that majority of development is coming from existing client requests. They are treated with highest priority due to the nature of business to business relations. Nevertheless, categorization of clients is needed to decide if developments should be entered in product roadmap. The strategy of “launch vehicle” was confirmed by one of the vendor which has several products on its portfolio. Global expansion is described in the theory and was discussed on interviews. SaaS companies express great strive towards scaling their business internationally. Presence on global software markets like US is treated as the only chance for winning competitors in a long run. They never stop looking for growth and exploring new possibilities that would help them getting there.
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Orue-Echevarría, Arrieta Leire. "From software as a good to software as a service (SAAS): a methodology to define the transformation towards the SAAS business model." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Abat Oliba, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398024.
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Cloud Computing o computació en el núvol pot ser entesa com a una tecnologia disruptiva. Tanmateix, el cloud computing és sobretot un model de negoci.Empreses proveïdores de software que distribueixen les seves aplicacions sobre la base d'un model de negoci de llicències es troben amb la necessitat de canviar el seu model de negoci per adequar-se als nous temps i així no perdre quota de mercat. L'enfocament utilitzat en aquesta tesi doctoral parteix d’una caracterització de l'aplicació –basada en uns estàndards– ex ante (estat present) i ex post (ideal futur) en aspectes de tecnologia, model de negoci i processos organizatius. L’objectiu és determinar com de lluny s'està de ser una aplicació cloud.Una vegada realitzat aquesta anàlisi s'estudia l'impacte que aquesta migració causa a nivell de processos organitzatius, costos, beneficis i resultats financers. L'objectiu d'aquesta solució és proveir els òrgans de decisió de l'empresa d’uns mecanismes adequats per seleccionar l'opció més viable que garanteixi la sostenibilitat de l'empresa.
Un cop la decisió de migrar d’aquestes aplicacions llegades ha estat presa, es comença el procés de migració, que en el cas de les aplicacions com a servei, inclouen una reflexió estratègica sobre quin és el model de de preus i el model de negoci associat i que inclou la reestructuració de l'empresa per poder afrontar aquest nou model. En el cas d'aplicacions provisionats com a servei, la determinació de la política de preus depèn en gran manera del proveïdor cloud seleccionat, privat o públic, sobre el qual desplegar l'aplicació, al que cal afegir altres variables com analitzar les funcionalitats que demanda el mercat o que el client considera de valor afegit i que permeten una entrada més fàcil al competitiu mercat SaaS, sobretot quan el producte o la tecnologia no es comprenen prou bé. Però decidir quina estratègia de preus permetrà que l’aplicació SaaS sigui sostenible a llarg termini és una tasca complicada. Aquest treball presenta una solució sistemàtica per analitzar què estratègia de preus és la més convenient perquè una aplicació SaaS sigui sostenible en el llarg. S'han modelat i descrit tres estratègies de preus comuns al món de SaaS (pagament-per-ús, freemium, per capes); s'han calculat els beneficis, així com l'efecte de triar una o una altra estratègia en el balanç de resultats i en altres indicadors econòmics rellevants. Finalment, aquest treball presenta una metodologia per definir, pas a pas, el model de negoci d'un proveïdor SaaS d'acord amb cinc pilars: la proposta de valor, la provisió de valor, el client, el mercat o forces externes i les activitats financeres, que inclouen la definició de l'estratègia de preus comentada anteriorment. Totes les eines presentades en aquest treball s'han executat en diferents proves de concepte i s’han reportat en aquest document.<br>Se habla de Cloud Computing o computación en la nube como una tecnología disruptiva. Sin embargo, cloud computing es ante todo un modelo de negocio. Empresas proveedoras de software, que distribuyen sus aplicaciones en base a un modelo de licencias se encuentran con la necesidad de cambiar su modelo de negocio para adecuarse a los nuevos tiempos y no perder así cuota de mercado. El enfoque utilizado en este trabajo comienza con una caracterización, basada en estándares, de la aplicación en su estado actual y en el estado ideal futuro en aspectos de tecnología, modelo de negocio y procesos organizacionales, con el objetivo de detectar cómo de lejos se está de ser una aplicación cloud. Una vez realizado este análisis se estudia el impacto que esta migración causa a nivel de procesos organizacionales, costes, beneficios y resultados financieros. El objetivo de esta solución es proveer a los órganos de decisión de la empresa con los mecanismos adecuados para seleccionar la opción más viable que garantice la sostenibilidad de la empresa.
Una vez que la decisión de migrar esas aplicaciones legadas ha sido tomada, se comienza con el proceso de migración que, en el caso de las aplicaciones como servicio (SaaS), incluyen una reflexión estratégica de cuál es el modelo de precios y el modelo de negocio asociado y que incluye la reestructuración de la empresa para poder afrontar ese nuevo modelo. En el caso de aplicaciones SaaS, la determinación de la política de precios depende en gran manera del proveedor cloud seleccionado, privado o público, sobre el que desplegar la aplicación, a lo que hay que añadir otras variables como analizar las funcionalidades que demanda el mercado o que el cliente considera de valor añadido y que permiten una entrada más fácil en el competitivo mercado SaaS. Decidir qué estrategia de precios permitirá que la aplicación SaaS sea sostenible a largo plazo puede ser una tarea complicada. Este trabajo presenta una solución sistemática para analizar qué estrategia de precios es la más conveniente para que una aplicación SaaS sea sostenible en el largo. Se han modelado y descompuesto tres estrategias de precios comunes en el mundo de SaaS (pago-por-uso, freemium, por capas), se han calculado los beneficios, así como el efecto de elegir una u otra estrategia en el balance de resultados y en otros indicadores económicos relevantes. Por último, este trabajo presenta una metodología para definir, paso por paso, el modelo de negocio de un proveedor SaaS de acuerdo con cinco pilares: la propuesta de valor, la provisión de valor, el cliente, el mercado o fuerzas externas y las actividades financieras, que incluyen la definición de la estrategia de precios comentada anteriormente. Todas las herramientas presentadas en este trabajo se han ejecutado en distintas pruebas de concepto y reportadas asimismo en este documento.<br>Cloud computing is still considered as a disruptive technogloy. However, cloud computing is above all a business model. Software providers that distribute their applications following a license-based model are facing the need to change their business model in order to adjust to the new times and thus not lose market quota. The decision of migrating into a SaaS business model against staying with the current business model is challenging. The approach presented in this work begins with a standard-based characterization of the application in its current status and in the ideal future one, in terms of technology, business model and organizational processes, with the aim of deciphering how far the application is of being cloud-compliant. Once this analysis is performed, the impact of this migration is studied, in terms of organizational processes, costs, benefits and financial results. The ultimate goal of this approach is to provide decision makers with mechanisms to select the most viable option so as to guarantee the sustainability of the company.
Once the decision of migrating those legacy applications has been taken, and is positive, the migration process starts, that in the case of changing to a SaaS delivery model, includes a strategic reflection of which is the best pricing strategy and accompanying business model, which also involves a complete re-structuring of the organizational processes of the company in order to be able to face such a new business model. In the case of SaaS applications, the determination of the pricing model depends highly on the selected target platform upon which to deploy the application (private cloud or a public one), added to other issues such as determining which features offer added value to the customer and which ones will allow an easy entry in the market, especially when the technology and the product is not well. Deciding which pricing strategy will allow a long-term sustainable SaaS application can be a difficult task. This work presents a systematic approach to analyse which pricing strategy is the most convenient one for a SaaS application to stay sustainable. Three commonly used SaaS pricing strategies have been modelled (pay-per-use, freemium and tiered) and decomposed, recurring revenues calculated and the effect of selecting one or the other in the profit and loss account as well as in other economic indicators in the medium term is presented. Finally, this work presents a methodology to determine the business model of a SaaS provider following a step-by-setp procedure, based on five pillars: the customer, the value proposition, the market or external driving forces, the value delivery and the financial activities, related to the pricing strategy method also described in this work. All the approaches presented along this work have been proven in a set of different proof-of-concepts, that are also reported in this document.
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PANDERS, TOMS. "How to scale SaaS business from local to global markets? : Case of ad servers." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-147698.
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This thesis will describe SaaS (Software as a Service) business in a global environment. The prior focus will be to give suggestions of models and good examples of how to scale local business into global markets. The necessary theoretical framework on software product and scalability issues is given. Qualitative research is carried out to find out how the suggested models are adopted among selected ad serving companies. The results from three different companies were analyzed to find similarities and the extension of strategy described in theory.The main aim is to illustrate how scalability fits into each company’s business model rather thangain results for the whole industry. Software industry is changing towards the SaaS business model. This paper describes the significant advantages over the traditional software distribution. SaaS can be easily accessible over the internet and provide more scalability for software vendors. Apart from cost efficiency SaaS gives flexibility in maintaining and updating the product. Most importantly it enables vendors to tap into the global customer base, as there is less dependency on local distribution. Scalability has become a major factor for the success of software vendors. The stability of brand solutions is challenged by fast growing startup companies. Main theoretical framework of scalability criteria lies on the Stampfl, Prügl and Osterloh (2013) model. It suggests most important components of designing and implementing scalable businesses. General insight of market expansion strategies are based on Gupta and Govindarajan (2000) framework and adopted to software industry. Qualitative research methods were chosen for this study. Interviews were carried out with three vendors representing advertising technology companies. They qualified the important scalability issues and studied the strategies of expansion. Qualitative study allowed focusing on essential information that lies among the responsibilities of company managers. Research result shows the similar path of scaling among the three interviewed companies. Importance of experience among startup owners and the need of a first engaging customer are highlighted as crucial. Findings suggest vendors to invest in well-developed system fundamentals that do not limit the scalability on later stages. Results prove that majority of development is coming from existing client requests. They are treated with highest priority due to the nature of business to business relations. Nevertheless, categorization of clients is needed, to decide if developments should be entered in product roadmap. The strategy of “launch vehicle” was confirmed by one of the vendor which has several products on its portfolio. Global expansion is described in the theory and was discussed on interviews. SaaS companies express great strive towards scaling their business internationally. Presence on global software markets like US is treated as the only chance for winning competitors in a long run. They never stop looking for growth and exploring new possibilities that would help them getting there.
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Santi, Nina. "Prédiction des besoins pour la gestion de serveurs mobiles en périphérie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILB050.
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L'informatique en périphérie est un paradigme émergent au sein de l'Internet des Objets (IoT) et complémentaire à l'informatique en nuage. Ce paradigme propose l'implémentation de serveurs de calcul situés à proximité des utilisateurs, réduisant ainsi la pression et les coûts de l'infrastructure réseau locale. La proximité avec les utilisateurs suscite de nouveaux cas d'utilisation, tels que le déploiement de serveurs mobiles embarqués sur des drones ou des robots, offrant une alternative moins coûteuse, plus éco-énergétique et flexible par rapport aux infrastructures fixes lors d'événements ponctuels ou exceptionnels. Cependant, cette approche soulève également de nouveaux enjeux pour le déploiement et l'allocation de ressources en temps et en espace, souvent dépendants de la batterie.Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous proposons des outils et des algorithmes de prédiction pour la prise de décision concernant l'allocation de ressources fixes et mobiles, à la fois en termes de temps et d'espace, au sein d'environnements dynamiques. Nous mettons à disposition des jeux de données riches et reproductibles qui reflètent l'hétérogénéité inhérente aux applications de l'Internet des Objets (IoT), tout en présentant un taux de contention et d'interférence élevé. Pour cela, nous utilisons le FIT-IoT Lab, un banc d'essai ouvert dédié à l'IoT, et nous mettons l'ensemble du code à disposition de manière ouverte. De plus, nous avons développé un outil permettant de générer de manière automatisée et reproductible des traces de l'IoT. Nous exploitons ces jeux de données pour entraîner des algorithmes d'apprentissage automatique basés sur des techniques de régression afin de les évaluer dans leur capacité à prédire le débit des applications de l'IoT. Dans une démarche similaire, nous avons également entraîné et analysé un réseau neuronal de type transformateur temporel pour prédire plusieurs métriques de la Qualité de Service (QoS). Afin de tenir compte de la mobilité des ressources, nous générons des traces de l'IoT intégrant des points d'accès mobiles embarqués sur des robots TurtleBot. Ces traces, qui intègrent la mobilité, sont utilisées pour valider et tester un framework d'apprentissage fédéré reposant sur des transformateurs temporels parcimonieux. Enfin, nous proposons un algorithme décentralisé de prédiction de la densité de la population humaine par régions, basé sur l'utilisation d'un filtre à particules. Nous testons et validons cet algorithme à l'aide du simulateur Webots dans un contexte de serveurs embarqués sur des robots, et du simulateur ns-3 pour la partie réseaux<br>Multi-access Edge computing is an emerging paradigm within the Internet of Things (IoT) that complements Cloud computing. This paradigm proposes the implementation of computing servers located close to users, reducing the pressure and costs of local network infrastructure. This proximity to users is giving rise to new use cases, such as the deployment of mobile servers mounted on drones or robots, offering a cheaper, more energy-efficient and flexible alternative to fixed infrastructures for one-off or exceptional events. However, this approach also raises new challenges for the deployment and allocation of resources in terms of time and space, which are often battery-dependent.In this thesis, we propose predictive tools and algorithms for making decisions about the allocation of fixed and mobile resources, in terms of both time and space, within dynamic environments. We provide rich and reproducible datasets that reflect the heterogeneity inherent in Internet of Things (IoT) applications, while exhibiting a high rate of contention and interference. To achieve this, we are using the FIT-IoT Lab, an open testbed dedicated to the IoT, and we are making all the code available in an open manner. In addition, we have developed a tool for generating IoT traces in an automated and reproducible way. We use these datasets to train machine learning algorithms based on regression techniques to evaluate their ability to predict the throughput of IoT applications. In a similar approach, we have also trained and analysed a neural network of the temporal transformer type to predict several Quality of Service (QoS) metrics. In order to take into account the mobility of resources, we are generating IoT traces integrating mobile access points embedded in TurtleBot robots. These traces, which incorporate mobility, are used to validate and test a federated learning framework based on parsimonious temporal transformers. Finally, we propose a decentralised algorithm for predicting human population density by region, based on the use of a particle filter. We test and validate this algorithm using the Webots simulator in the context of servers embedded in robots, and the ns-3 simulator for the network part
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Vila, Gimeno Carme. "El Servei d’Urgències de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau de Barcelona (1967-1986)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/133349.
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La memòria històrica que aquí es presenta, pretén descriure la història del Servei d’Urgències de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau de Barcelona, una història, que s’ha anat construint a través de testimonis, documentació escrita publicada i documentacions de diferents entitats privades.
El Servei d’Urgències de l’Hospital de Sant Pau, va sorgir d’unes necessitats sanitàries i socials produïdes amb l’arribada de la revolució industrial a la ciutat de Barcelona i el procés immigratori que es va produir. Aquests fets, van suposar un augment de la població molt important, no tant sols dins de la ciutat, sinó també als seus voltants, on varen aparèixer les anomenades ciutats dormitori.
Per aconseguir la categoria de ser un dels millors serveis d’urgències del moment, va ser necessari adequar la seva funcionalitat aconseguida amb l’espai de l’ala dreta del soterrani de l’edifici de l’Administració, adaptant el servei, al circuit que havien de fer els pacients, des de els primers auxilis fins a la sala d’observació.
El moviment demogràfic produit, va crear unes necessitats que de cap manera es podien cobrir amb els serveis existents, en aquestes circumstàncies es va inaugurar el Servei d’Urgències de l’Hospital de Sant Pau l’any 1967. Quan l’Hospital no va ser capaç d’absorbir les demandes de la població en èpoques d’epidèmies hivernals principalment, es veié obligat a tancar les seves portes en diferents moments, fet aquest que va provocar una sèrie de reivindicacions ciutadanes que es van escampar com una taca d’oli, en d’altres capitals espanyoles, fins que la Seguretat Social va recomanar l’existència de serveis d’urgències en els seus centres hospitalaris i en els centres que tenia concertats.
La relació que es va establir entre l’Hospital i la població veïna, va fer que el mateix hospital a través d’un cicle de xerrades organitzades per les associacions de veïns de la zona, donaria informació i educació sanitària relacionada amb les urgències en un principi, però també s’informava sobre la sanitat en general, i posteriorment, es faria sobre els drets dels malalts. S’introduiria el dret a decidir sobre el tractament de la malaltia i la preparació per una mort digne. Aquesta educació sanitària, es realitzava amb la intenció d’arribar al màxim nombre de persones a través de les associacions de veïns.
Durant l’any 1978, es constituí el Consell d’Usuaris de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, que havia estat promogut per les associacions de veïns. L’objectiu fonamental del Consell, era treballar per fer arribar la veu dels usuaris a la direcció, partint de la base que en l’administració dels organismes públics hi havien d’estar-hi presents. Era evident que, en el regim polític anterior (feia poc més d’un any de les primeres eleccions democràtiques) aquests drets no estaven reconeguts, i per tant la lluita per la participació popular en l’Administració, havia anat de parella amb la lluita per la democràcia en el nostre país. Era en aquell moment quan s’estrenaven formules democràtiques, quan era possible iniciar mecanismes de participació dels usuaris en els organismes administratius dels centres públics. A partir d’aquí s’inicià un camí en el que es va aconseguir el reconeixement per part de la Direcció del centre del Consell d’Usuaris com a organisme integrat dins la seva estructura, la realització i la publicació de la Carta de Declaració dels Drets dels Usuaris (el primer document publicat d’aquestes característiques de tot l’Estat espanyol) i l’obertura del servei de Suggeriments i Reclamacions.
Així va ser com durant la dècada dels vuitanta l’Hospital de Sant Pau passaria a convertir-se d’un hospital privat i de beneficència a ser un Hospital de la Xarxa Hospitalària d’Utilització Pública de Catalunya (XHUP).<br>The historical memory presented here aims to describe the history of the Emergency Department of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau in Barcelona , a history that has been elaborated thanks to the contribution of witnesses, written published documents and different private documents.
The Emergency Department of the Hospital de Sant Pau, came into being in response to the health and social needs prompted by the arrival of the industrial revolution in the city of Barcelona and the immigration process that followed. These factors led to a very important population increase, not only within the city but also the surrounding area, where there appeared what were called bedroom communities.
To achieve the status of being one of the best emergency services at the time, it was necessary to adapt their space functionality achieved with the right wing of the basement of the administration building, adapting the service to the circuit patients who had gone from first aid to the observation room.
Despite this demographic movement, the needs created in no way could be covered by existing services, and in these circumstances the Emergency Hospital of Sant Pau opened in 1967. When the hospital was not able to absorb the demands of the population in times of epidemics mainly in winter time, its doors had to be closed at different times. This fact led to a series of demands which became widespread and were made in other Spanish cities, including the idea that Social Security would promote the existence of emergency services in their hospitals and schools.
The relationship established between the hospital and the neighbourhood was achieved through a series of talks organized by neighbours associations in the area, in order to give information and health education related to emergencies as a principle, but also informed about health in general, and later, the rights of patients. It introduced the right to decide on the treatment of illnesses and preparation for a dignified death. Health education was carried out with the intention of reaching as many people through neighbourhood associations.
In 1978, the Board of Members of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau was founded, which was sponsored by neighbourhood associations. The main objective of the Council was to work to make the voice of users heard by management, on the basis that the administration of public bodies there had to be present. It was obvious that during the previous political regime (it was just over one year since the first democratic elections had taken place) rights were not recognized, and therefore the struggle for popular participation in government, had been part and parcel of the fight for democracy in our country. It was then that democratic formulas prevailed and it was possible to initiate mechanisms for the participation of users in the administrative bodies of public schools. Since then, there has been a procedure recognised by management. A user’s council is an integral part of its structure, as are the implementation and publication of the Letter of Declaration Users Rights (the first document of this kind in Spain) and the service offering suggestions and complaints.
So it was during the eighties that Sant Pau Hospital would evolve into a hospital which would be part of Catalonia’s public healthcare network after having been a charity-based, private hospital.
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Pokhrel, Jeevan. "Intelligent quality of experience (QoE) analysis of network served multimedia and web contents." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TELE0027/document.
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De nos jours, l’expérience de l'utilisateur appelé en anglais « User Experience » est devenue l’un des indicateurs les plus pertinents pour les fournisseurs de services ainsi que pour les opérateurs de télécommunication pour analyser le fonctionnement de bout en bout de leurs systèmes (du terminal client, en passant par le réseaux jusqu’à l’infrastructure des services etc.). De plus, afin d’entretenir leur part de marché et rester compétitif, les différents opérateurs de télécommunication et les fournisseurs de services doivent constamment conserver et accroître le nombre de souscription des clients. Pour répondre à ces exigences, ils doivent disposer de solutions efficaces de monitoring et d’estimation de la qualité d'expérience (QoE) afin d’évaluer la satisfaction de leur clients. Cependant, la QoE est une mesure qui reste subjective et son évaluation est coûteuse et fastidieuse car elle nécessite une forte participation humaine (appelé panel de d’évaluation). Par conséquent, la conception d’un outil qui peut mesurer objectivement cette qualité d'expérience avec une précision raisonnable et en temps réel est devenue un besoin primordial qui constitue un challenge intéressant à résoudre. Comme une première contribution, nous avons analysé l'impact du comportement d’un réseau sur la qualité des services de vidéo à la demande (VOD). Nous avons également proposé un outil d'estimation objective de la QoE qui utilise le système expert basé sur la logique floue pour évaluer la QoE à partir des paramètres de qualité de service de la couche réseau. Dans une deuxième contribution, nous avons analysé l'impact des paramètres QoS de couche MAC sur les services de VoD dans le cadre des réseaux sans fil IEEE 802.11n. Nous avons également proposé un outil d'estimation objective de la QoE qui utilise le réseau aléatoire de neurones pour estimer la QoE dans la perspective de la couche MAC. Pour notre troisième contribution, nous avons analysé l'effet de différents scénarios d'adaptation sur la QoE dans le cadre du streaming adaptatif au débit. Nous avons également développé une plate-Forme Web de test subjectif qui peut être facilement intégré dans une plate-Forme de crowd-Sourcing pour effectuer des tests subjectifs. Finalement, pour notre quatrième contribution, nous avons analysé l'impact des différents paramètres de qualité de service Web sur leur QoE. Nous avons également proposé un algorithme d'apprentissage automatique i.e. un système expert hybride rugueux basé sur la logique floue pour estimer objectivement la QoE des Web services<br>Today user experience is becoming a reliable indicator for service providers and telecommunication operators to convey overall end to end system functioning. Moreover, to compete for a prominent market share, different network operators and service providers should retain and increase the customers’ subscription. To fulfil these requirements they require an efficient Quality of Experience (QoE) monitoring and estimation. However, QoE is a subjective metric and its evaluation is expensive and time consuming since it requires human participation. Therefore, there is a need for an objective tool that can measure the QoE objectively with reasonable accuracy in real-Time. As a first contribution, we analyzed the impact of network conditions on Video on Demand (VoD) services. We also proposed an objective QoE estimation tool that uses fuzzy expert system to estimate QoE from network layer QoS parameters. As a second contribution, we analyzed the impact of MAC layer QoS parameters on VoD services over IEEE 802.11n wireless networks. We also proposed an objective QoE estimation tool that uses random neural network to estimate QoE from the MAC layer perspective. As our third contribution, we analyzed the effect of different adaption scenarios on QoE of adaptive bit rate streaming. We also developed a web based subjective test platform that can be easily integrated in a crowdsourcing platform for performing subjective tests. As our fourth contribution, we analyzed the impact of different web QoS parameters on web service QoE. We also proposed a novel machine learning algorithm i.e. fuzzy rough hybrid expert system for estimating web service QoE objectively
Books on the topic "Sans Serveur"
1
Habraken, Joseph W. Sams Teach Yourself Microsoft Windows Server 2003 in 24 Hours. Pearson Education, 2004.
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Spence, Colin. Sams Teach Yourself Microsoft SharePoint 2003 in 10 Minutes. Pearson Education, 2008.
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Manpreet, Singh, and Santhakumari Vinu Vasudevapanicker, eds. Sams teach yourself SharePoint 2010 development in 24 hours. Sams Pub., 2012.
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Waymire, Richard. Sams teach yourself Microsoft SQL server 2000 in 21 days. 2nd ed. Sams, 2003.
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Waymire, Richard. Sams Teach Yourself Microsoft SQL Server 2000 in 21 Days. Pearson Education, 2004.
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Wille, Christoph. Sams teach yourself Active Server Pages in 24 hours. Techmedia, 1999.
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Mitchell, Scott. Sams teach yourself Active Server Pages 3.0 in 21 days. Sams, 2000.
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Anthony, Steven, and Grote Patrick, eds. Sams teach yourself Microsoft Exchange Server 5.5 in 21 days. Sams, 1999.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Sans Serveur"
1
Zheng, Jianbo, and Weichang Du. "Cloud Services for Deploying Client-Server Applications to SaaS." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11167-4_31.
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Brown, Moira Wilding, and Mariano Sironi. "Right Whale Sexual Strategies and Behavior." In Sex in Cetaceans. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35651-3_23.
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AbstractNorth Atlantic and southern right whale social interactions and sexual behavior have been studied for decades. Understanding whale mating systems can inform about many aspects of their biology and even their anatomy. Right whales have a polygynandrous mating strategy where females and males mate with multiple partners within a breeding season. It is hypothesized that this promotes sperm competition among males and likely explains the large testis-to-body-size ratio in Eubalaenids. Surface active groups (SAGs) characterize mating behavior in North Atlantic and southern right whales, where two or more animals are at the surface with frequent physical contact. Observations of copulation in SAGs have led to the hypothesis that conception is the primary function, with females practicing a mating strategy where the chance of conception with the largest and likely healthiest male would be maximized. Right whales produce their entire acoustic repertoire of known calls while in SAGs and sounds are thought to serve a social communication function. In the North Atlantic, surface active behavior is seen in all habitat areas and in all months of the year in which right whales are sighted. SAGs tend to increase in size and vigor as the mating season approaches, resulting in spectacular and highly energetic courtship activity with group sizes numbering 30 animals and more; however, the whereabouts of any breeding ground is unknown. On southern right whale calving grounds, mother-calf pairs use relatively shallow waters along the coastline, and SAGs tend to occur farther from shore: calving and mating occur in winter in largely the same habitat areas. Analyses of seasonal timing and group composition of individually identified animals within SAGs suggest that they may serve multiple other roles, since conceptive and non-conceptive groups have been revealed. SAGs often include pregnant females, juveniles, and occasionally calves. Some groups consist of exclusively same sex individuals. It has been hypothesized that, in addition to conception, SAGs may also provide opportunities for right whales to socialize, play, learn, practice mating, and identify potential future mates.
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Hughes, David A. "Weaponised Deception." In “Covid-19,” Psychological Operations, and the War for Technocracy. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41850-1_6.
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AbstractTotalitarianism is facilitated by what Hannah Arendt calls “gigantic lies and monstrous falsehoods,” which the masses are organised to believe. This tradition has a long history, even in the West. The “Covid-19 pandemic” was a Big Lie: there is no credible epidemiological evidence to support its existence. Rather, the “pandemic” was a media-driven social phenomenon that served to deflect attention from far-reaching technocratic agendas being advanced across every area of life. “Pandemic preparedness” provides cover for building the institutional architecture of global dictatorship under the pretext of public health. It is unclear whether “SARS-CoV-2” is real: problems exist regarding its alleged “isolation” (involving cytopathic effects, genome sequencing, and electron microscopy images). There is, however, evidence to suggest that “SARS-CoV-2” may, in part, have been influenza rebranded. The “vaccines,” which instead of protecting people have caused catastrophic harm, are likely bioweapons aimed at controlling the population in multiple ways. Yet, despite the “Covid-19” narrative being saturated with deceit, most people cannot and will not see it, owing to cognitive dissonance.
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Grais, Rebecca F., and Emmanuel Baron. "30.1 In Focus: Research and Medical Humanitarian NGOs." In Principles and Practice of Emergency Research Response. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48408-7_44.
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AbstractIt is a commonplace belief that medical humanitarian organizations, of which Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), or Doctors without Borders, have a mission very different from that of research scientists investigating medical interventions against disease. While this may be so to an extent, MSF has also been a leader not only in effective humanitarian action but also in incorporating needed research into its response to infectious disease emergencies. Epicentre is a research organization within MSF that can work with MSF humanitarian staff to facilitate potentially useful research in an emergency, especially as the possibility of generating data for medical countermeasure approval during an emergency has become more realistic in recent years. Epicentre promotes research that is most useful to the disadvantaged populations it often serves, in part because it does not depend on pharmaceutical company or government funding. Moreover, Epicentre is committed to making its colleagues from developing countries full partners in research as in medical care, thus contributing to medical research capacity building—an area that often gets more lip service than investment.
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Dunbar, Sherry A., and Yi-Wei Tang. "Diagnostic Tests and Procedures During the COVID-19 Pandemic." In Springer Actuarial. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78334-1_10.
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AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought a huge impact on global health and the economy. Early and accurate diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections is essential for clinical intervention and pandemic control. This book chapter addresses the evolving approach to the laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 covering preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical steps. The rapidly changing dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic serve as an example which will be important for laboratories to plan for future pandemics. With the quick identification of the causative pathogen and availability of the genome sequence, it will be possible to develop and implement diagnostic tests within weeks of an outbreak. Laboratories will need to be flexible to continuously adapt to changing testing needs and burdens on the healthcare system, plan mitigation strategies for bottlenecks in testing and workflow due to limitations on resources and supplies, and prepare back-up plans now in order to be better prepared for future pandemics.
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Durner, Edward F. "Procedures for non-normal data." In Applied plant science experimental design and statistical analysis using the SAS® OnDemand for Academics. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249927.0018.
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Abstract This chapter will serve as an introduction to nonparametric statistics with an emphasis on several methods supported by SAS® (Statistical Analysis System). The yield (dozens of ears per hectare) from a new sweetcorn cultivar was used as an example.
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Orbach, Dara N., Uko Gorter, and Sarah Mesnick. "Sexual Anatomy of Female Cetaceans: Art and Science Contribute Insights into Functionality." In Sex in Cetaceans. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35651-3_5.
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AbstractThe relationship between sexual selection and the diversity and rapid evolution of male genitalia has been well-documented across many animal taxa, while the morphological variability of female genitalia has received comparatively little attention. Female whales, dolphins, and porpoises possess unusual flaps, folds, and blind sacs in their vaginas, which vary among taxa and may serve several functions. We review the relationship between form and function of these unusual vaginal structures in cetaceans and discuss evidence that supports or refutes various functional hypotheses. A compilation of three-dimensional vaginal endocast models, contemporary high-resolution photographs of dissected reproductive tracts, and detailed anatomical illustrations ranging over 175 years are used to highlight the diversity of forms and fill in gaps in taxonomic knowledge. We discuss the complementary nature of anatomical illustrations and modern analytical and visual tools and how they can help us better understand the evolution of such unusual morphological structures. We identify opportunities for future studies in cetacean genital evolution and discuss the insights they may provide into mating strategies of cetaceans.
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Edwards-Groves, Christine. "The Sand Through My Fingers: Finding Aboriginal Cultural Voice, Identity and Agency on Country." In Living Well in a World Worth Living in for All. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7985-9_6.
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AbstractConcerns about supporting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander learners to reach their potential endure in contemporary Australian education and society. Moreover, supporting these Aboriginal learners to have a sense of self-worth, self-awareness and personal identity that enables them to manage their emotional, mental, cultural, spiritual and physical wellbeing was identified as a key goal of the “Alice Springs (Mparntwe) Education Declaration”. This declaration sets out the national vision for education and the commitment of Australian Governments to improve educational outcomes for Aboriginal peoples across Australia (Commonwealth of Australia, 2019). This is a critical responsibility for the practices of Australian educators, policymakers and researchers alike. This chapter presents a unique on-Country approach to research with young Aboriginal people seeking to understand what a world worth living in means to them as individuals and for the communities they live in. The approach involved multimodal research methods that included poetry composition and photography, as media that revealed their Aboriginal youth voices, cultural sensitivities, identity and agency. For these young Aboriginal people, sitting on their own Country with sand from their Wiradjuri land sifting through their fingers, their words and images emerged as powerful resources for connecting to culture and to self as their Aboriginal identities flourished despite previously being demeaned by racism, ignorance, injustice and inequity. The poetry and photographs produced by these young Aboriginal males serve as a window into how cultural voice and vision expose ways identity and agency are socially-culturally-politically configured—both in their production and deployment. Their words and images demonstrate the kind of resilience needed for these Aboriginal youth to take their place in the world—one that they, too, see as worth living in.
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Stoll, Mathieu. "Chapitre IX. Un ministre sans clientèle ?" In Servir le Roi Soleil. Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pur.125406.
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Stoll, Mathieu. "Chapitre VIII. Un ministre sans ministère (1689-1711)." In Servir le Roi Soleil. Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pur.125400.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Sans Serveur"
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Wu, Guang, and Shaomin Yan. "N-terminal Domain (NTD) of Spike Protein from SARS-CoV-2 May Cause COVID-19 Multiple Tropisms and Serve as a Potential Drug Target." In 2024 24th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icton62926.2024.10648119.
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Chudi, Obinna, Jaume Hernandez, Gautam Kumar, et al. "A Novel QI Screening Technique for Identifying Deep-Water AVO False Positive: Learnings from Well X." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/221794-ms.
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Abstract The quest for hydrocarbon has led explorationist to investigate amplitude anomalies popularly known as direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHI) from seismic data. Although DHI technology has proven to be a reliable tool in reducing exploration risk leading to many discoveries, it is not infallible and therefore can lead to disappointing outcomes of drilling into water bearing reservoirs that are classed as false positives which were characterized at predrill phase as hydrocarbon bearing sands. Hence the effectiveness of DHI's should properly be ranked particularly on the backdrop of sound geological and geophysical models. This paper presents a study from a deep-water field where an integrated QI workflow has revealed a distinction between false positives and conventional hydrocarbon bearing sands. An Exploration well - Well X was recently drilled targeting Body X sand - a channelized lobe displaying high amplitude anomaly and Class II/III AVO signature. The well turned out to be a 78ft thick brine sand with 32% porosity and 100% net-to-gross. A post-mortem rock physics analysis of this sand and other false positives that were previously encountered in the field indicate that false positives show a distinct behavior compared to conventional oil and brine bearing sands. Two elastic properties; - LambdaRho, a fluid indicator and MuRho - a proxy for lithology, formed the basis of this analysis. From the rock physics cross plot, false positives are observed to be more rigid with higher MuRho values compared to conventional hydrocarbon and brine filled sands. LambdaRho and MuRho deterministic seismic inversion attributes were generated directly from broadband angle stacks that highlighted the high rigidity values of the false positives in line with the rock physics cross plot. This technique therefore serves as a first pass screening tool for identifying false positives that could improve our predrill prediction and future risking of potential hydrocarbon opportunities in Nigeria Deep-water operations.
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Thomas, E., M. O. van Deventer, M. L. Champel, O. Oyman, T. Stockhammer, and A. C. Begen. "Applications and deployments of server and network assisted DASH (SAND)." In IBC 2016 Conference. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ibc.2016.0022.
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Kadir, Masran, Muhammad Ruzwin Rusli, Bukhari Samsudin, et al. "First Successful Installation of Through-Tubing Ceramic Sand Screen in Seligi Oil Field, Offshore Peninsular Malaysia." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21440-ms.
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AbstractThe Seligi field, located 240 kilometers offshore peninsular Malaysia in the Malay basin was discovered in May 1971 and is one of the largest oil fields in Malaysia. Sand production in the Seligi field has been observed, especially from the J reservoirs group. Within the Seligi field, Well G was identified as one of the wells with sand production to surface that could lead to sand accumulation at surface facilities and erosion of equipment. Historically, there had been no in-situ sand control measures in the well. The default practice for sand control was to choke back the well, to prevent triggering of the surface sand probe (production with maximum sand-free rate). This approach however is a compromise, while it limits sand production, it also limits the production potential of the well (well technical potential). As part of the production enhancement assessment program, remedial sand-control methods were considered to increase the oil production while minimising sand production. Among the options considered was ceramic downhole sand screen installation. Ceramics have been used in many extreme erosion and corrosion applications, with ceramic sintered silicon carbide being 50 times harder than steel. Ceramic sand screens made with sintered silicon carbide offer much higher erosional resistance at speeds of 300ft/s sand impingement velocity. Due to the aggressive nature of the sands and high velocities of greater than 50ft/s in Well G, a through-tubing ceramic sand screen was selected. The ceramic sand screen served as a fit for purpose solution that allowed the well potential to be fully maximised, enabling a continuous production with minimal sand production at surface.This paper reviews the first successful pilot installation of through-tubing ceramic sand screen in Well G in the Seligi Oil Field, Offshore Peninsular Malaysia. Discussed are careful analysis and planning, i.e. velocity calculations, tool deployment simulations, tool inspections and detailed job procedure leading to a successful installation. With the ceramic sand screen installed, the well was able to produce at 100% production choke opening with lower tubing head pressure and has not produced sand at surface despite multiple shutdowns and well bean ups. The installation has also removed the need to have sand handling facilities at topside and has generated an implicated cost saving from expensive intervention programs. Given the success of this pilot installation, a baseline in sand control has been set for this field, with new well candidates being considered for future replication.
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Bin, Jie, Jinjie Huang, Hongyan Lu, and Jie He. "Optimization method of virtual sand table background server based on unity 3D." In 2021 Global Reliability and Prognostics and Health Management (PHM-Nanjing). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/phm-nanjing52125.2021.9612772.
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Dorokhova, Evgenia, Evgenia Dorokhova, Dmitry Dorokhov, and Dmitry Dorokhov. "SEDIMENT MAPPING AND TRANSPORT PATHWAYS IN THE NEARSHORE ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN PART OF THE SOUTH-EASTERN BALTIC SEA." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9489e8deb2.41910928.
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To achieve a more robust interpretation of sediment conditions and transport, our study combines the two different interpretation techniques. A side-scan sonar survey was used as a basis for detail sedimentological investigation. Grain-size analyses of grab samples provided sediment transport direction and decoding of sonar data. The new detail lithological map of the underwater shore slope of the northern Sambian peninsula and the Russian part of the Curonian spit in 1:50 000 scale is created. For the first time, the stretched zone of very fine sands is outlined at depths of 25-30 m of the Curonian spit underwater slope. These sands are relicts, and their formation is connected with accumulative processes on the ancient shores of the Baltic Sea. Separate morpho-lithodynamic cells are distinguished on the submarine slope of the northern Sambian peninsula coast up to a depth of 20 m. The cape areas of the Sambian peninsula serve as cell boundaries where a divergence of sediment trend and seabed erosion are observed. The convergence of sediment transport directions is confined to the bight’s central parts. Fine and very fine-grained sand accumulation prevails here.
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Dorokhova, Evgenia, Evgenia Dorokhova, Dmitry Dorokhov, and Dmitry Dorokhov. "SEDIMENT MAPPING AND TRANSPORT PATHWAYS IN THE NEARSHORE ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN PART OF THE SOUTH-EASTERN BALTIC SEA." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b43152071d3.
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To achieve a more robust interpretation of sediment conditions and transport, our study combines the two different interpretation techniques. A side-scan sonar survey was used as a basis for detail sedimentological investigation. Grain-size analyses of grab samples provided sediment transport direction and decoding of sonar data. The new detail lithological map of the underwater shore slope of the northern Sambian peninsula and the Russian part of the Curonian spit in 1:50 000 scale is created. For the first time, the stretched zone of very fine sands is outlined at depths of 25-30 m of the Curonian spit underwater slope. These sands are relicts, and their formation is connected with accumulative processes on the ancient shores of the Baltic Sea. Separate morpho-lithodynamic cells are distinguished on the submarine slope of the northern Sambian peninsula coast up to a depth of 20 m. The cape areas of the Sambian peninsula serve as cell boundaries where a divergence of sediment trend and seabed erosion are observed. The convergence of sediment transport directions is confined to the bight’s central parts. Fine and very fine-grained sand accumulation prevails here.
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Shuangshuang Shen, Hai Huang, and Xiuqin Lin. "A new architecture of server environment of SaaS system for easier migration and deployment." In 2015 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology (ICCSNT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsnt.2015.7490774.
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Lynne, Kenton J. "Distributing the server function in a multiring PAC system." In Medical Imaging '91, San Jose, CA, edited by R. Gilbert Jost. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.45270.
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Solis, Alejandro, Raul Marin, Javier Marina, et al. "An Underwater Simulation Server Oriented to Cooperative Robotic Interventions: The Educational Approach." In OCEANS 2021: San Diego – Porto. IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/oceans44145.2021.9705666.
Full textReports on the topic "Sans Serveur"
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Chandra, Shailesh, Timothy Thai, Vivek Mishra, and Princeton Wong. Evaluating Innovative Financing Mechanisms for the California High-Speed Rail Project. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2047.
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Millions of dollars are involved in high-speed rail (HSR) infrastructure construction and maintenance. Large-scale projects like HSR require funding from a variety of avenues beyond those available through public monies. Although HSR serves the general public’s mobility needs, any funds (whether State or Federal) flowing from the public exchequer usually undergo strict review and scrutiny. Funds from public agencies are always limited, making such traditional financing mechanisms unsustainable for fulfilling HSR’s long-term operational and maintenance cost needs—on top of initial costs involved in construction. Therefore, any sustainable means of financing HSR projects would always be welcome. This research presents an alternate revenue generation mechanism that could be sustainable for financing HSR’s construction, operation, and maintenance. The methodology involves determining key HSR stations, which, after development and improvement, could significantly add value to businesses and real estate growth. Any form of real estate taxes levied on properties surrounding such stations could substantially support the HSR project’s funding needs. In this research, a bi-objective optimization problem is posed in conjunction with a Pareto-optimal front framework to identify those key stations. With 28 California HSR stations used as an example, it was observed that the four proposed HSR stations in Fullerton, Millbrae-SFO, San Francisco Transbay Terminal, and San Diego would be excellent candidates for development. Their development could increase the economic vitality of surrounding businesses. The findings could serve as valuable information for California HSR authorities to focus on developing key stations that would generate an alternate funding source for an HSR project facing funding challenges.
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Pretorius, Philip Christo, and Radoslav Valev. Forces Shaping Populism, Authoritarianism and Democracy in South Korea, North Korea and Mongolia. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/rp0054.
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This report encapsulates the highlights of the eleventh event hosted by the European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS) as part of its monthly Mapping European Populism (MGP) panel series. Titled “Forces Shaping Populism, Authoritarianism, and Democracy in South Korea, North Korea, and Mongolia,” this event unfolded online on March 30, 2024. The esteemed Dr. John Nilsson-Wright expertly moderated the panel, which boasted insights from five distinguished scholars in the field of populism. The panelists featured in the event included experts such as Dr. Joseph Yi, an Associate Professor of Political Science at Hanyang University, Seoul, renowned for his work on "Discourse Regimes and Liberal Vehemence." Dr. Meredith Rose Shaw, an Associate Professor at the Institute of Social Science, The University of Tokyo, provided valuable insights into the regional context through her research on "Foreign Threat Perceptions in South Korean Campaign Discourse: Japan, North Korea, and China." Dr. Sang-Jin Han, an Emeritus Professor of Sociology at Seoul National University, shared his expertise on sociopolitical trends in South Korea, focusing on the "Transformation of Populist Emotion in Korean Politics from 2016 to 2024." Dr. Junhyoung Lee, a Research Professor in the School of International Relations at the University of Ulsan, South Korea, contributed with his research on "Nationalism and Resilience of Authoritarian Rule in North Korea." Lastly, Dr. Mina Sumaadii, a Senior Researcher at the Sant Maral Foundation, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, offered a unique perspective on "Populist Nationalism as a Challenge to Democratic Stability in Mongolia." The panel served as a platform for a rich exchange of ideas and analysis, shedding light on the complex interplay between populism, authoritarianism, and democracy within these East Asian nations.
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Dassen, Nicolás, and Renzo Lavin. Citizen Participation in Government Audits through Digital Tools: Overview of Initiatives from Supreme Audit Institution. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0013049.
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Citizen participation in government auditing processes by supreme audit institutions (SAIs) has increased in the last 20 years due to digital innovation. This growth has been driven by the Latin American and Caribbean Organization of Supreme Audit Entities (OLACEFS) and the International Organization of SAI Entities (INTOSAI) through the creation of citizen participation commissions that promote collaborative work with civil society. This study surveys 60 cases of citizen participation in fiscal control through digital channels around the world. We classify these cases according to the fiscal control cycle, whose phases include: (i) planning, (ii) execution, (iii) dissemination, and (iv) monitoring. These experiences could pave the way for Latin American and Caribbean countries to analyze and adapt to their specific contexts and needs to empower citizens and strengthen accountability in the different phases of the fiscal control cycle. This work not only provides new ideas for the SAIs of the region, but also serves as a valuable educational resource for those citizens with an interest in the participatory development of open government policies.
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Gregory, Alexander, Jared Lopes, Krystyna Powell, and Safra Altman. Beneficial use of dredged material in the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway : approaching the regulatory process. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48553.
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Following the Chief of Engineer’s January 2023 goal to expand the beneficial use of dredged material (BUDM), the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) strives to apply new and creative ways to increase utilization of dredged materials from a historic 30%–40% to 70% by 2030. As USACE Savannah District (SAS) increases BUDM efforts, a critical component of this transition is understanding and navigating the regulatory requirements. This Technical Note outlines the regulatory process for placement of dredged material in Georgia, identifies challenges and institutional barriers, and offers potential solutions to streamlining the overall process. By increasing the ease of navigating the regulatory process, USACE can facilitate an increase in BUDM and Engineering With Nature® (EWN®) projects in Georgia, and potentially other projects employing nature-based solutions (NBS). While regulatory details may vary from state to state, the Georgia example presented here can serves as a road map for the general types of regulatory procedures and potential hurdles found nationwide.
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Barg, Rivka, Erich Grotewold, and Yechiam Salts. Regulation of Tomato Fruit Development by Interacting MYB Proteins. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7592647.bard.
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Background to the topic: Early tomato fruit development is executed via extensive cell divisions followed by cell expansion concomitantly with endoreduplication. The signals involved in activating the different modes of growth during fruit development are still inadequately understood. Addressing this developmental process, we identified SlFSM1 as a gene expressed specifically during the cell-division dependent stages of fruit development. SlFSM1 is the founder of a class of small plant specific proteins containing a divergent SANT/MYB domain (Barg et al 2005). Before initiating this project, we found that low ectopic over-expression (OEX) of SlFSM1 leads to a significant decrease in the final size of the cells in mature leaves and fruits, and the outer pericarp is substantially narrower, suggesting a role in determining cell size and shape. We also found the interacting partners of the Arabidopsis homologs of FSM1 (two, belonging to the same family), and cloned their tomato single homolog, which we named SlFSB1 (Fruit SANT/MYB–Binding1). SlFSB1 is a novel plant specific single MYB-like protein, which function was unknown. The present project aimed at elucidating the function and mode of action of these two single MYB proteins in regulating tomato fruit development. The specific objectives were: 1. Functional analysis of SlFSM1 and its interacting protein SlFSB1 in relation to fruit development. 2. Identification of the SlFSM1 and/or SlFSB1 cellular targets. The plan of work included: 1) Detailed phenotypic, histological and cellular analyses of plants ectopically expressing FSM1, and plants either ectopically over-expressing or silenced for FSB1. 2) Extensive SELEX analysis, which did not reveal any specific DNA target of SlFSM1 binding, hence the originally offered ChIP analysis was omitted. 3) Genome-wide transcriptional impact of gain- and loss- of SlFSM1 and SlFSB1 function by Affymetrix microarray analyses. This part is still in progress and therefore results are not reported, 4) Search for additional candidate partners of SlFSB1 revealed SlMYBI to be an alternative partner of FSB1, and 5) Study of the physical basis of the interaction between SlFSM1 and SlFSB1 and between FSB1 and MYBI. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: We established that FSM1 negatively affects cell expansion, particularly of those cells with the highest potential to expand, such as the ones residing inner to the vascular bundles in the fruit pericarp. On the other hand, FSB1 which is expressed throughout fruit development acts as a positive regulator of cell expansion. It was also established that besides interacting with FSM1, FSB1 interacts also with the transcription factor MYBI, and that the formation of the FSB1-MYBI complex is competed by FSM1, which recognizes in FSB1 the same region as MYBI does. Based on these findings a model was developed explaining the role of this novel network of the three different MYB containing proteins FSM1/FSB1/MYBI in the control of tomato cell expansion, particularly during fruit development. In short, during early stages of fruit development (Phase II), the formation of the FSM1-FSB1 complex serves to restrict the expansion of the cells with the greatest expansion potential, those non-dividing cells residing in the inner mesocarp layers of the pericarp. Alternatively, during growth phase III, after transcription of FSM1 sharply declines, FSB1, possibly through complexing with the transcription factor MYBI serves as a positive regulator of the differential cell expansion which drives fruit enlargement during this phase. Additionally, a novel mechanism was revealed by which competing MYB-MYB interactions could participate in the control of gene expression. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: The demonstrated role of the FSM1/FSB1/MYBI complex in controlling differential cell growth in the developing tomato fruit highlights potential exploitations of these genes for improving fruit quality characteristics. Modulation of expression of these genes or their paralogs in other organs could serve to modify leaf and canopy architecture in various crops.
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Furman, Burford, Laxmi Ramasubramanian, Shannon McDonald, et al. Solar-Powered Automated Transportation: Feasibility and Visualization. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1948.
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A solar-powered automated transportation network (ATN) connecting the North and South campuses of San José State University with three passenger stations was designed, visualized, and analyzed in terms of its energy usage, carbon offset, and cost. The study’s methodology included the use of tools and software such as ArcGIS, SketchUp, Infraworks, Sketchup, Rhinoceros, and Autodesk 3DS Max. ATN vehicle energy usage was estimated using data from the university’s Park & Ride shuttle bus operation and by modeling with SUMOPy, the advanced simulation suite for the micro-traffic simulator SUMO. The energy study showed that an extensive solar photovoltaic (PV) canopy over the guideway and stations is sufficient for the network to run 24/7 in better-than-zero net-metered conditions—even if ridership were to increase 15% above that predicted from SJSU Park & Ride shuttle data. The resulting energy system has a PV-rated output of 6.2 MW, a battery system capacity of 9.8 MWh, and an estimated cost of $11.4 million USD. The solar ATN also produces 98% lower CO2 and PM2.5 emissions compared to the Park & Ride shuttle bus. A team of experts including urban planners, architects, and engineers designed and visualized the conceptual prototype, including a comprehensive video explaining the need for solar ATN and what a typical rider would experience while utilizing the system. This research demonstrates both benefits and challenges for solar-powered ATN, as well as its functionality within the urban built environment to serve diverse San José neighborhoods.
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F, Verdugo-Paiva, Izcovich A, Ragusa M, and Rada G. Lopinavir/ritonavir for the treatment of COVID-19: A living systematic review protocol. Epistemonikos Interactive Evidence Synthesis, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/ies.4f3c02f030.
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Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. Design This is the protocol of a living systematic review. Data sources We will conduct searches in the [https://app.iloveevidence.com/loves/5e6fdb9669c00e4ac072701d](L.OVE platform for COVID-19), a system that maps PICO questions to a repository maintained through regular searches in electronic databases, preprint servers, trial registries and other resources relevant to COVID-19. No date or language restrictions will be applied. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies and methods We adapted an already published common protocol for multiple parallel systematic reviews to the specificities of this question. We will include randomised trials evaluating the effect of lopinavir/ritonavir— as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs — versus placebo or no treatment in patients with COVID-19. Randomised trials evaluating lopinavir/ritonavir in infections caused by other coronaviruses, such as MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, and non-randomised studies in COVID-19 will be searched in case no direct evidence from randomised trials is found, or if the direct evidence provides low- or very low-certainty for critical outcomes. Two reviewers will independently screen each study for eligibility, extract data, and assess the risk of bias. We will perform random-effects meta-analyses and use GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. A living, web-based version of this review will be openly available during the COVID-19 pandemic. We will resubmit it if the conclusions change or there are substantial updates. Ethics and dissemination No ethics approval is considered necessary. The results of this review will be widely disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, social networks and traditional media. PROSPERO Registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=179212](CRD42020179212) Keywords COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Coronavirus Infections, Systematic review, lopinavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, antivirals
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Olsen, Laurie, Kathryn Lindholm-Leary, Magaly Lavadenz, Elvira Armas, and Franca Dell'Olio. Pursuing Regional Opportunities for Mentoring, Innovation, and Success for English Learners (PROMISE) Initiative: A Three-Year Pilot Study Research Monograph. PROMISE INITIATIVE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.seal2010.
Full textAbstract:
The Pursuing Regional Opportunities for Mentoring, Innovation, and Success for English Learners (PROMISE) Initiative Research Monograph is comprised of four sub-studies that took place between 2006 and 2009 to examine the effectiveness of the PROMISE Initiative across six implementing counties. Beginning in 2002, the superintendents of the six Southern California County Offices of Education collaborated to examine the pattern of the alarmingly low academic performance of English learners (EL) across Los Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino, San Diego, Riverside, and Ventura. Together, these six counties serve over one million EL students, more than 66% of the total EL population in the state of California, and close to 20% of the EL population in the nation. Data were compiled for the six counties, research on effective programs for ELs was shared, and a common vision for the success of ELs began to emerge. Out of this effort, the PROMISE Initiative was created to uphold a critical vision that ensured that ELs achieved and sustained high levels of proficiency, high levels of academic achievement, sociocultural and multicultural competency, preparation for successful transition to higher education, successful preparation as a 21st century global citizen, and high levels of motivation, confidence, and self-assurance. This report is organized into six chapters: an introductory chapter, four chapters of related studies, and a summary chapter. The four studies were framed around four areas of inquiry: 1) What is the PROMISE model? 2) What does classroom implementation of the PROMISE model look like? 3) What leadership skills do principals at PROMISE schools need to lead transformative education for ELs? 4) What impact did PROMISE have on student learning and participation? Key findings indicate that the PROMISE Initiative: • resulted in positive change for ELs at all levels including achievement gains and narrowing of the gap between ELs and non-ELs • increased use of research-based classroom practices • refined and strengthened plans for ELs at the district-level, and • demonstrated potential to enable infrastructure, partnerships, and communities of practice within and across the six school districts involved. The final chapter of the report provides implications for school reform for improving EL outcomes including bolstering EL expertise in school reform efforts, implementing sustained and in-depth professional development, monitoring and supporting long-term reform efforts, and establishing partnerships and networks to develop, research and disseminate efforts.
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Olsen, Laurie, Kathryn Lindholm-Leary, Magaly Lavadenz, Elvira Armas, and Franca Dell'Olio. Pursuing Regional Opportunities for Mentoring, Innovation, and Success for English Learners (PROMISE) Initiative: A Three-Year Pilot Study Research Monograph. PROMISE INITIATIVE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.promise2010.
Full textAbstract:
The Pursuing Regional Opportunities for Mentoring, Innovation, and Success for English Learners (PROMISE) Initiative Research Monograph is comprised of four sub-studies that took place between 2006 and 2009 to examine the effectiveness of the PROMISE Initiative across six implementing counties. Beginning in 2002, the superintendents of the six Southern California County Offices of Education collaborated to examine the pattern of the alarmingly low academic performance of English learners (EL) across Los Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino, San Diego, Riverside, and Ventura. Together, these six counties serve over one million EL students, more than 66% of the total EL population in the state of California, and close to 20% of the EL population in the nation. Data were compiled for the six counties, research on effective programs for ELs was shared, and a common vision for the success of ELs began to emerge. Out of this effort, the PROMISE Initiative was created to uphold a critical vision that ensured that ELs achieved and sustained high levels of proficiency, high levels of academic achievement, sociocultural and multicultural competency, preparation for successful transition to higher education, successful preparation as a 21st century global citizen, and high levels of motivation, confidence, and self-assurance. This report is organized into six chapters: an introductory chapter, four chapters of related studies, and a summary chapter. The four studies were framed around four areas of inquiry: 1) What is the PROMISE model? 2) What does classroom implementation of the PROMISE model look like? 3) What leadership skills do principals at PROMISE schools need to lead transformative education for ELs? 4) What impact did PROMISE have on student learning and participation? Key findings indicate that the PROMISE Initiative: • resulted in positive change for ELs at all levels including achievement gains and narrowing of the gap between ELs and non-ELs • increased use of research-based classroom practices • refined and strengthened plans for ELs at the district-level, and • demonstrated potential to enable infrastructure, partnerships, and communities of practice within and across the six school districts involved. The final chapter of the report provides implications for school reform for improving EL outcomes including bolstering EL expertise in school reform efforts, implementing sustained and in-depth professional development, monitoring and supporting long-term reform efforts, and establishing partnerships and networks to develop, research and disseminate efforts.
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Friedman, Haya, Chris Watkins, Susan Lurie, and Susheng Gan. Dark-induced Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation and Inhibition by Gibberellins: Towards Inhibition of Postharvest Senescence. United States Department of Agriculture, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7613883.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Dark-induced senescence could pose a major problem in export of various crops including cuttings. The assumption of this work was that ROS which is increased at a specific organelle can serve as a signal for activation of cell senescence program. Hormones which reduce senescence in several crops like gibberellic acid (GA) and possibly cytokinin (CK) may reduce senescence by inhibiting this signal. In this study we worked on Pelargonium cuttings as well as Arabidopsis rosette. In Pelargonium the increase in ROS occurred concomitantly with increase in two SAGs, and the increase persisted in isolated chloroplasts. In Arabidopsis we used two recentlydeveloped technologies to examine these hypotheses; one is a transcriptome approach which, on one hand, enabled to monitor expression of genes within the antioxidants network, and on the other hand, determine organelle-specific ROS-related transcriptome footprint. This last approach was further developed to an assay (so called ROSmeter) for determination of the ROS-footprint resulting from defined ROS stresses. The second approach involved the monitoring of changes in the redox poise in different organelles by measuring fluorescence ratio of redox-sensitive GFP (roGFP) directed to plastids, mitochondria, peroxisome and cytoplasm. By using the roGFP we determined that the mitochondria environment is oxidized as early as the first day under darkness, and this is followed by oxidation of the peroxisome on the second day and the cytoplast on the third day. The plastids became less oxidized at the first day of darkness and this was followed by a gradual increase in oxidation. The results with the ROS-related transcriptome footprint showed early changes in ROS-related transcriptome footprint emanating from mitochondria and peroxisomes. Taken together these results suggest that the first ROS-related change occurred in mitochondria and peroxisomes. The analysis of antioxidative gene’s network did not yield any clear results about the changes occurring in antioxidative status during extended darkness. Nevertheless, there is a reduction in expression of many of the plastids antioxidative related genes. This may explain a later increase in the oxidation poise of the plastids, occurring concomitantly with increase in cell death. Gibberellic acid (GA) prevented senescence in Pelargonium leaves; however, in Arabidopsis it did not prevent chlorophyll degradation, but prevented upregulation of SAGs (Apendix Fig. 1). Gibberellic acid prevented in Pelargonium the increase in ROS in chloroplast, and we suggested that this prevents the destruction of the chloroplasts and hence, the tissue remains green. In Arabidopsis, reduction in endogenous GA and BA are probably not causing dark-induced senescence, nevertheless, these materials have some effect at preventing senescence. Neither GA nor CK had any effect on transcriptome footprint related to ROS in the various organelles, however while GA reduced expression of few general ROS-related genes, BA mainly prevented the decrease in chloroplasts genes. Taken together, GA and BA act by different pathways to inhibit senescence and GA might act via ROS reduction. Therefore, application of both hormones may act synergistically to prevent darkinduced senescence of various crops.