Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Santé bucco-dentaire'
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Maille, Gérald. "Santé bucco-dentaire et vieillissement : contexte anthropologique de la dépendance." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0664.
Full textMedical progress has largely contributed to increasing life expectancy and aging of the population inevitably leads to a greater number of dependent elderly persons. All the health professions are thus increasingly faced with the management of elderly persons who are losing their independence and the demand for oral health care for elderly patients continues to increase.The originality of the work presented here is to understand the issue of the use of oral care of dependent elderly people in different places of residence. We considered both the physical and human environnement. Thus, the scientific interest of our research resides in the resolutely anthropobiological approach that places each dependent elderly person in their immediate environment.Our research is based on three studies. In the first work, throught a survey we consider the practitioners’ viewpoint and identify the difficulties they meet in providing care to ederly dependant patients. Then we analyzed the use of oral care and the oral health status of patients living at home or in institutions using data from a national survey.As part of a field survey of institutionalized populations, we used the data collected to compare the oral health experienced by seniors and the clinical reality of their oral status.Finally, we reported the elements obtained during collective interviews conducted with caregivers of institutions for the elderly
Hvostoff, Cécile. "Analyse des obstacles représentationnels chez les personnes autonomes concernant leur santé bucco-dentaire Contribution À la conception de modÈle de programme d’Éducation pour la santÉ bucco-dentaire : Contribution à la conception de modèle de programme d’éducation pour la santé bucco-dentaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD032.
Full textPremise: Given the need to develop educational programmes integrated into more generalmodels to promote oral health (Petersen, 2010), we observe that there are few studies on the cognitiverepresentations of the independent elderly on oral health. This observation is made after an qualitative review ofthe literature drawing on the Precede-Proceed model (Green et Kreuter, 1991). The lack of studies on this topicis especially apparent regarding tooth decay, gingivitis, dental mobility, dry mouth and bruxism. Aims: Toidentify the cognitive representations, defined by Meunier (2002), present in oral health behaviour. Method:According to the qualitative method of Grounded theory, the verbatim’s analysis is realized from the codingstage up to the integrating stage (Paillé, 1994). The sample, non-representative, is based on 12 voluntaryrespondents (5 men and 7 women, aged from 66 years to 90 years). The semi-directive interviews are led with aninterview guide based on the reference design of the Health Belief Model. Data includes reported health status,reported description of the respondent and their resources and reported description of their own oral health.Results: The categories of causal attribution and mechanism of appearance include most of cognitiverepresentations, either positive or negative. The respondents express an important proportion of “ I don’t know”regarding diseases in oral health, with the exception of cavities. They do not perceive themselves as sick persons.They define a good oral health only as opposed to poor oral health. Finally, while these topics are not addressedin the interview guide, aesthetics and financial concerns occupy an important place in the discourses.Discussion: These results reveal the representational barriers to improved oral health behaviour and stress thevarious characteristics of it. The results contribute to structuring a relevant educational diagnosis that isnecessary to prior in an education programme. Every health educational programme must include a positive oralhealth definition. Conclusion: There is a need for further research to address the objectives of educationalprogrammes. The main stake is to bring people to adopting knowledge based on reasoning yielding improvedoral health decisions
Beauroy-Eustache, Hélène. "Considérations sur les pratiques dentaires à la Martinique et aux Antilles, de la période précolombienne à nos jours." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR20091.
Full textSimon, Valérie. "Odontologie et univers carcéral." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR20046.
Full textTchéré, séka Iphigénie marie-laure. "Surveillance de la santé bucco-dentaire en Afrique : recommandations méthodologiques pour le recueil standard d’informations." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10278.
Full textThis work is a contribution to the activities of the World Health Organization relative to the implementation and the distribution of standard tools in the African countries to reach an efficient integration of the essential oral health indicators in surveillance in African countries. These essentials indicators fit into the objectives of the new millennium and exceed the idea according to which " the social problems have to be developed in an isolated way. To be in phase with this new paradigm, African countries have to face these new approaches which require that efforts be realized in all development sectors. Twenty two indicators recommended by the World Health Organization for the African region give opportunities to improve oral health activities on the national level and develop an integrated community approach which is the more operational for surveillance and prevention of oral diseases. The collect of the indicators in Ivory Coast motivates this study, which results are recorded in this document. The findings are the result of many years of research and practice related to the implementation and development of oral health activities in Côte d'Ivoire. Two questionnaires were evaluated and measure respectively oral health indicators for general population, and for children and teenagers. Analyses conclude in relatively good psychometrics properties, but imply the taking account of many recommendations which aim to increase the validity and the feasibility of these questionnaires in the context of the Côte d'Ivoire. Their generalization in the African region requires future researches in a way of their optimization in an integrated operational community based-approach, and a redefinition of the role of local actors in sanitary district
Guillaud-Jullien, Martine. "Aide à la décision dans la mise en place d'un dépistage en santé bucco-dentaire." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10168.
Full textKanoute, Aida. "Poliques, stratégies et perspectives de la recherche en santé bucco-dentaire en Afrique : consultation Delphi, 2012-2013." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10182/document.
Full textThis work is a contribution to the strengthening of research capacity and the identification of strategies and opportunities to promote better research in oral health in Africa through the filing of the notice of a panel of experts at a Delphi consultation. This especially as systems oral health and scientific knowledge evolves rapidly. However, the African continent is facing many challenges, including the burden of oral diseases and the needs of populations that are huge. To meet these challenges care and ask actions effective public health policy makers need tools, skills and information to assess and monitor health needs, choose intervention strategies, policy options appropriate for the design of their own circumstances and improve system performance oral care. In this context, it is necessary to develop a coherent policy approach to oral health in the African Region, but this implies a better knowledge of the situation. For the advancement of Africa depends on its ability to generate, adapt and use scientific knowledge to meet local needs in health and development. That is why there is an urgent need to build the next generation of African scientists. Universities should promote and support research and training so that students are exposed to research and be taught by researchers throughout their courses. The collection of data on oral health is essential to get an accurate picture of the situation in Africa and to measure progress. Thus the objective of this research is to produce the opinion of a panel of experts on various items at a Delphi consultation two phases. In order to assess the current state of research, identify strategies to promote better research in oral health in Africa and prospects for its development. Analyzes give priorities to focus on the actions and involve a number of recommendations to strengthen and promote the capacity of research in oral health. Ultimately, we must promote a culture of research in national programs of oral health, ensure wide dissemination of research results and use them for planning purposes
Diouf, Massamba. "Santé bucco-dentaire et déterminants socio-culturels chez les populations sénégalaises du Ferlo : étude épidémio-anthropologique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5006.
Full textThe objective of this work was to study the oral health and its determinants part and to understand the socio-cultural representations related to dentistry in Fulani populations in the Ferlo. To do this, we conducted a descriptive and cross-sectional study a mixed character with a quantitative and qualitative component 300 people for the quantitative component and 50 for the quality. It was apparent from this study that men were more likely than women with a sex ratio (male/female) 1.2. The average age was 36.13 ±14. Almost half of the sample was breeders and the proportion of persons educated or literate was relatively low (22%). The consumption of milk in liquid form of meat sheep, vegetables or leaves was very frequent. It was the active smoking with the consumption of alcohol commonly referred to as "boulfale" (eau de Cologne between 45 and 90 °) was 11% of the sample. Relation to hygiene practices, 76.3% had no toothbrush while 88.6% used the toothpick at least once per day. The prevalence of dental caries was over 90% and the needs of periodontal treatments were close to 50%. Compared to the General pathologies, 16% of the sample were hypertensive; almost 21 per cent had a declared digestive pathology. More than 70% of the sample (71.3%) were the traditional therapeutic use. The DMFT was associated with the digestive pathology and the types of care used on the age- and sex-adjusted. Periodontal indices were broadly higher in hypertensive patients. On the qualitative level, Ferlo Pulaar felt that dental disease could have a dual causality even if a vast majority originally was a natural
Beurdeley, Didier. "Carie dentaire et facteurs socio-culturels : éléments d'enquête épidémiologique sur une population d'âge déterminé au Centre de Sélection n° 1 de Vincennes." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07F117.
Full textBourgeois, Denis. "Approche économique et anthropologique de l'activité du service de consultations et de traitements dentaires de Lyon." Lyon 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO33017.
Full textThe aim of our study is to define the oro-dental needs of consultees at a dental care hospital centre. An analysis of consumer and producer behaviour is also included. From a representative selection of 320 individuals for 1986, 200 variavles were isolated. Needs appeared numerous (an average of 7 dental treatments per person). For the most part, consultees are young, with a predominance of men and a hight proportion of individuals of north african ethnic origin, associated with low income. Consumption is characterised by its low frequency and its short duration. Symptomatological, emergency treatment predominates. This implies a clear under-production; 90% of centre-activity is related to the dentistry service
Aïdara, Adjaratou Wakha. "Qualité des systèmes d'informations appliqués à la cariologie." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10154.
Full textThe caries process concerns all toothed individuals. However, the frequency of caries varies between populations, between individuals and within the same individual over time. A world control of the incidence of caries is however accompanied by many restorations paradoxically growing exponentially. This high rate of coronary reconstruction and recurrent caries called a refinement of the detection and diagnosis in Cariology. Early carious lesions’ detection and the implementation of preventive measures is the new paradigm in dental public health. The decision-Making should be based on quality data, scientifically valid opinions and qualified expertise. At the various levels of decision correspond different needs for information in terms of form, content and availability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the applicability and relevance of the integration of ICDAS index in a database management system especially in the African region. The results will encourage african health systems to invest in research on evidence of effectiveness and cost-Effectiveness of the use of quality information system in the process of political decision-Making and facilitate the emergence of a new paradigm that combines and articulates research policy and practice for the exchange and the application of knowledge
Tapsoba, Hadissa. "Applicabilité internationale et généralisation transculturelle d'instruments de recueil de données pour l'évaluation des systèmes de santé bucco-dentaire." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN11312.
Full textCarbajal, Rosas Katherine. "Évaluation de l’état de santé bucco-dentaire à différents stades de la maladie d’Alzheimer : étude observationnelle longitudinale prospective." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66793.
Full textPeople suffering from Alzheimer’s disease suffer from cognitive declines which deteriorate their general and oral health. We frequently observe dental cavities, periodontal disease and tooth loss among these people. In that respect, we wanted to establish a health and oral evolutionary curve throughout Alzheimer’s disease. To that end, we conducted a prospective observational study that includes a transverse and longitudinal component. The participants had to have Alzheimer’s disease at different stages, have teeth and live in the province of Quebec. Combative, bedridden people, and those who were diagnosed with bacterial endocarditis or who had heart valve prostheses were excluded from this research. The data corresponding to the variable responses (number of visible and missing teeth, obturations, cavities, retained dental roots and loose teeth, plaque index and gingival bleeding) and explanatory variables (age, gender, education level, resulting score to the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination, co-morbid conditions, quantity of saliva and the use of dental care) have been provided through a medical examination form. We recruited participants (n = 46) from six Quebec health facilities between May 2016 and October 2017. This study showed that as Alzheimer’s disease progresses, dental plaque (p = 0,05) and gingival bleeding (p = 0,01) increase and the number of teeth (p < 0,0001) and fillings (p = 0,04) decreases. Also, the number of cavities, retained dental roots and loose teeth, seem to increase with the progression of the disease. The probability of having a cavity drastically increases as the cognitive decline progresses (p = 0,023). In conclusion, oral health deteriorates with the development of Alzheimer’s disease, and this from the moderate stage of the disease.
Catteau, Céline. "Evaluation d'une mesure nationale expérimentale d'amélioration de l'hygiène bucco-dentaire en établissement médico-social : le Projet Santé Orale et Autonomie." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF1DD01/document.
Full textOral hygiene practices in special care establishments are clearly unsatisfactory, increasing the risk of infectious oral disease and associated morbidity for the population attending these establishments. The 'Oral Health and Autonomy' project was part of the French Oral Health Plan for 2006-2009. Dentists taking in part in the project completed an online training course and were reimbursed for the implementation of an oral health promotion intervention in a special care establishment. The interventions followed a standardised, common protocol, which included: 1) a conference presentation for the staff, 2) individualised oral risk assessment for each resident and 3) hands-on workshops demonstrating oral hygiene techniques for the residents accompanied by their key workers. This document describes and evaluates the impact of the 'Oral Health and Autonomy' project. Twenty-six dentists completed the project. After completion of the online training course, the self-efficacy of the dentists in 16 specific skills significantly increased. A decrease in the presence of dental plaque was observed for 33.7% of the residents (n = 691). Improvement in oral hygiene behaviour within the establishment was observed for 11.5% of the residents (n=814). This study is the first to show the relatively low impact of this type of intervention and suggests that different approaches to oral health promotion should be used in conjunction to improve outcomes
Varenne, Benoît. "Transition épidémiologique et santé orale au Burkina Faso : disparités d'états de santé et de recours aux soins." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066082.
Full textComte, Bruno. "Recherche et développement d'une représentation à objets multipoints de vue dans le cadre de l'assurance qualité en santé bucco-dentaire." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10120.
Full textTavitian, Patrick. "Etat bucco-dentaire et statut nutritionnel chez la personne âgée : étude anthropologique et épidémiologique." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX20687.
Full textLaroussi, Msefer Souad. "L' odontologie au Maroc : recherches sur la situation actuelle et évaluation des besoins en traitements bucco-dentaires : après une enquête épidémiologique nationale." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07F071.
Full textSarraj, Faysal. "Analyse des stratégies de prévention bucco-dentaire chez les enfants à haut risque carieux dans la région Île-de-France." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077172.
Full textWillmann, Claire. "Diagnostiquer un état de santé bucco-dentaire par une double approche macroscopique et métagénomique : application à une population rurale française du XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30001.
Full textRecent developments in High-Throughput DNA sequencing (HTS) technologies and ancient DNA (aDNA) research have opened access to the characterization of the microbial communities within past populations. Most studies have, however, relied on the analysis of dental calculus as one particular material type particularly prone to the molecular preservation of ancient microbial biofilms and potential of entire teeth for microbial characterization, both of healthy communities and pathogens in ancient individuals, remains overlooked. In this study, we used shotgun sequencing to characterize the bacterial composition from historical subjects showing macroscopic evidence of oral pathologies. The objectives of this work were 1) to identify, in an 18th century population of western France, subjects with specific oral pathologies: dental caries; periodontal diseases and periapical inflammatory lesions; 2) to characterize the oral flora of these subjects in terms of its taxonomic composition; and 3) to determine whether it was possible to detect the presence of oral pathogenic bacteria involved in periapical inflammatory lesions, caries and parodontopathies, from a healthy tooth,. The presence of Streptococcus mutans and also Rothia dentocariosa, Actinomyces viscosus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, Olsenella uli and Parvimonas micra was confirmed through the presence of typical signatures of post-mortem DNA damage at an average depth-of-coverage ranging from 0.5 to 7X, with a minimum of 35% (from 35 to 93%) of the positions in the genome covered at least once. Each sampled tooth showed a specific bacterial signature associated with carious or periodontal pathologies. This work demonstrates that from a healthy independent tooth, without visible macroscopic pathology, we can identify a signature of specific pathogens and deduce the oral health status of an individual
Sangare, Abou Dramane. "Comportements en santé orale et déterminants du recours aux soins dans le département de Dabou - Côte d'Ivoire." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845002.
Full textInquimbert, Camille. "Caractérisation du microbiome interdentaire des adolescents." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE1026.
Full textDental caries is one of the most common multifactorial chronic diseases in the world. It results from the change in the composition of dental plaque, with a transition from symbiosis to dysbiosis. Our clinical research characterized, qualitatively and quantitatively by real-time chain polymerization reaction, the interdental microbiota of 50 adolescents aged from 15 to 17 years according to the carious risk. Among the 26 pathogens analyzed, none of the cariogenic bacteria tested showed significant differences according to the carious risk. Only 3 bacteria known mainly for their involvement in periodontal diseases (Streptococcus sobrinus, Eikenella corrodens and Tannerella forsythia) were significantly over-expressed in adolescents with high carious risk. These 3 oral bacteria appear as predictive markers of carious risk. Interdental quantification would improve carious risk classifications, prevent early carious lesions and stabilize existing lesions. In addition, some oral pathogens including Eikenella corrodens and Tannerella forsythia are known to be risk factors, aggravating factors and triggers of some systemic diseases. The implementation of daily interdental prophylaxis by using interdental brushes seems essential from adolescence to restore the symbiosis of the microbiota, prevent oral and systemic diseases as we have shown in adults aged 18 to 35 years
Badran, Sahar. "Aspects Ethiques et Juridiques de la prise en charge des Personnes en Situation de Handicap en Odontostomatologie." Paris 8, 2011. http://octaviana.fr/document/165713577#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textCareing of persons in situation of handicap is a priority of public health since a certain number of years. A collective awareness begun through the societies history showing an evolution of the concept of the handicaped person. Indeed, from the vision centred on the medical deficiency, the society preferred the intégrative vision insisting on the residual capacities of these persons in situation of handicap. This evolution is also reflected in the terminology and in the classifications which are tools of study, evaluation and research for the specific needs in this domain. This work tends to highlight the long work of ethical reflections on the subject which actually inspired numerous legal texts in such a degree, that it remains difficult to distinguish clearly the border between both particularly in health matter. We shall see through this study the difficulties of application of these texts. More specifically, in the field of the odontostomatology, who remains the poor relation of the global medical care of the person in situation of handicap. Thus progresses have to be realized as well on the medical plan that on the legal plan for the futur considering the variety of the situations of handicap which we can meet
Soares, Paula de Lima. "Les facteurs psychologiques impliqués lors des soins dentaires aux enfants brésiliens." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/146284402#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe implication of psychological aspects related to dental consultations constitutes an important topic regarding pediatric dentistry, and to this specific health care situation the Brazilian context figures as the research field. According to the principles of behavioral dentistry, it is essential to search for factors that might influence dental anxiety in order to better understand the reactions of the patient, his parents and even the doctor's. These conditions of treatment depend on the quality of the relationship between the professional and the patient. This thesis explores the reactions of Brazilian children, of favored and non-favored socioeconomic conditions during dentistry treatment. Furthermore, the attitudes of the parents in relation to their children's health care and suffering were analyzed. Therefore, webelieve that the childrens' reactions and their parents' attitudes regarding health care are guided by beliefs. The data collected observing the children's behavior through the video recording of the consultations and the utilization of the Frankl scale, as well as the interviews with the children's parents shows that: -In the first the place, that there is a significant influence of the parents' beliefs, especially among the patients of the less favored group; - the reactions of the children demonstrate a positive and collaborative behavior; -and Finally, that it is important to differentiate the aspects that lead the patients to have negative reactions during the consultation: the experience of a previous chronic disease and socioeconomic context appear to as an important aspect regarding the compliance of the patient and his family. The methodological, theoretical and clinic implications of these original results were discussed during the dentistry treatment
Denis, Frédéric. "Déterminants et perception de la santé orale des patients schizophrènes en Côte d'Or." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCE006/document.
Full textBackground: Schizophrenia is a disease that affects 1 % of the world population. Persons with schizophrenia (PWS) are exposed to excess morbidity and mortality. Poor oral health among PWS is often observed by caregivers and accompanying persons. The objective of our study was to explore predictive factors, representations and perceptions of oral health among PWS and to construct a specific oral health quality of life scale for PWS.Methods: In a randomly selected, representative sample of 109 PWS in the Côte d’Or Department, we recorded socio-demographic, dental, and medical and lifestyle factors associated with oral health. An evaluation of the psychometric characteristics of the Global Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) scale was also performed, as well as a qualitative study based on semi-directive interviews with 20 PWS and 6 carers. Two focus groups (4 patients and 4 carers) enabled investigation of the perceptions and representations of oral health among PWS and building the first draft prototype of a specific tool to assess oral health quality of life of PWS.Results: Among 109 patients included, 61.5% were male, and average age was 46.8 ± 12.0 years. The majority (78%) had secondary level education and 79.8% received ambulatory care. The mean duration of schizophrenia was 17.9 ± 9.4 years, and 55.5% were taking several medications. The average DMFT (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth) was 16.6 ± 8.1. There was a significant relationship between level of education and oral health, lifestyle, medical conditions, polypharmacy and DMI. Concerning the psychometric validation of the GOHAI, internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach α = 0.82). The intraclass correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability were not significantly different (p> 0.05). Construct validity was supported by three factors which accounted for 60.94% of the variance observed. Predictive and concurrent validity were validated. The qualitative study yielded 3245 candidate verbatims for the development of a new scale, namely the SOHP, Schizophrenia Oral Health Perception Profile. Successive selections of items from the expert panel decision criteria and based on a feasibility study in 30 patients resulted in a scale comprising 43 items and one additional module of 11 items.Conclusion: We show the intricate links existing between mental and physical, oral and general health and the GOHAI validity in PWS. Further research is necessary to validate the psychometric properties of the SOHP scale in a larger population
Krobicka, Anna. "Influence de certains aliments laitiers sur la sante bucco-dentaire." Strasbourg 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13124.
Full textCHAULIAC, BUONO MARIE-JOSE. "Methodologie d'un programme de sante publique applique a l'hygiene bucco-dentaire." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE6046.
Full textBenigeri, Mike. "La mesure de la sante dentaire : des indicateurs cliniques a l'auto-evaluation (doctorat : sciences de vie et de la sante)." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05W065.
Full textPichot, Hélène. "Elaboration d'un programme de promotion de la santé orale en Nouvelle-Calédonie." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF1DD02.
Full textThe World Health Organization and the World Dental Federation are calling for decades governments to unite actions to prevent oral diseases and chronic diseases. Curriculum development of health promotion programs should be based on prior identification of needs. The objective of this work is to gather the information needed to set up a program to promote oral health in New Caledonia. Initially, dental status and the social, environmental and behavioral determinants that are related to oral health were assessed in a representative sample of children aged 6, 9 and 12 years schooled in New Caledonia. Secondly, common determinants for oral and metabolic diseases were investigated in pre-teens, to verify the relevance of targeted preventive approach by common risk factors. In addition, as part of this investigation, the assessment of oral health related quality of life was necessary. For this, the questionnaire Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) was validated in a suitable French version for New Caledonia as part of this work. Finally, taking into account the results of these evaluations and recommendations for health promotion, this work proposes an oral health promotion program to be integrated with existing programs in New Caledonia
Etard, Ludovic. "L'alimentation et ses répercussions sur la sphère bucco-dentaire dans l'Egypte ancienne." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05M009.
Full textMusset, Anne-Marie. "Etude épidémiologique des conditions bucco-dentaires des enfants âgés de six à quinze ans de l'Est de la France." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR1O001.
Full textPILLUT, MICHEL, and PATRICE VAUGENOT. "Enquete sur la sante bucco-dentaire et l'evolution des connaissances en matiere d'hygiene chez les etudiants de 2e et 5e annee de la faculte de chirurgie dentaire de nancy." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN13011.
Full textGagnon, Stéphanie. "Utilité de pictogrammes pour améliorer la santé bucco-dentaire et le comportement des enfants autistes." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10076.
Full textIntroduction : Dental care for children with autism is a challenge for parents and dentists. Efforts should be made to improve preventive measures and education of parents. Literature review : Autism is defined as a qualitative disorder of social interaction and communication, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors or activities and by a hypersensitivity to physical stimuli. The lack of cooperation for brushing teeth prevents good oral hygiene in autistic children. Problem : The autistic child is a challenge for the dentist, but also for his parents during daily hygiene. Few clinical studies have examined the utility of pictograms in the delivery of daily dental care and professional. Hypothesis : The use of pictograms improves cooperation of autistic children at the dentist and at home for daily dental care, giving them a better oral hygiene. Materials and methods : According to an experimental randomized design, 17 experimental subjects (with pictograms) and 18 control subjects were recruited at the CHU Sainte-Justine, then reassessed six times over a period of 12 months. Hygiene was marked by a plaque index and the behavior by the Frankl scale. Results : No significant difference was observed between the experimental and control group for the plaque index and the Frankl scale. Overall, lower plaque index and improved behavior were noted for both groups over the 12-months study period. Conclusion : The results of this study do not confirm that the pictograms help to improve oral health and behavior of children with autism in daily and professional dental care.
Tchéré, séka Iphigénie marie-Laure. "Surveillance de la santé bucco-dentaire en Afrique : recommandations méthodologiques pour le recueil standard d’informations." Thesis, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10278.
Full textThis work is a contribution to the activities of the World Health Organization relative to the implementation and the distribution of standard tools in the African countries to reach an efficient integration of the essential oral health indicators in surveillance in African countries. These essentials indicators fit into the objectives of the new millennium and exceed the idea according to which " the social problems have to be developed in an isolated way. To be in phase with this new paradigm, African countries have to face these new approaches which require that efforts be realized in all development sectors. Twenty two indicators recommended by the World Health Organization for the African region give opportunities to improve oral health activities on the national level and develop an integrated community approach which is the more operational for surveillance and prevention of oral diseases. The collect of the indicators in Ivory Coast motivates this study, which results are recorded in this document. The findings are the result of many years of research and practice related to the implementation and development of oral health activities in Côte d'Ivoire. Two questionnaires were evaluated and measure respectively oral health indicators for general population, and for children and teenagers. Analyses conclude in relatively good psychometrics properties, but imply the taking account of many recommendations which aim to increase the validity and the feasibility of these questionnaires in the context of the Côte d'Ivoire. Their generalization in the African region requires future researches in a way of their optimization in an integrated operational community based-approach, and a redefinition of the role of local actors in sanitary district
Michaud, Pierre-Luc. "Relation entre la satisfaction et la qualité de vie reliée à la santé bucco-dentaire chez les patients totalement édentés." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5746.
Full textStatement of problem: Patients’ satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) are two commonly used patient-reported outcomes. Convincing evidence is lacking to demonstrate the relation between these two outcomes in completely edentate patients who receive prosthodontic treatments. In addition, it is still unclear which elements of denture satisfaction share the best association with OHRQoL. Objectives: To evaluate the level of association between patients’ denture satisfaction and OHRQoL in edentulous patients, and to identify the determinants of satisfaction that best predict OHRQoL. Methods: Data from 255 edentulous elders who participated in a randomized clinical trial were used to analyze the relationship between OHRQoL and denture satisfaction. OHRQoL was evaluated with the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-20) questionnaire. The McGill Denture Satisfaction Instrument was used to assess patients’ satisfaction with treatment. Outcomes were measured prior to treatment and 6 and 12 months after delivery of new dentures. Simple and multiple linear regressions analyses were performed to statistically assess the relationship between the variables. Results: A highly positive association exists between oral health-related quality of life and denture satisfaction ratings. Chewing ability (P = .005) and oral condition (P = .002) are the aspects of satisfaction presenting the best association with OHRQoL. These two variables explained 46.4% (P = .0001) of the variance in OHIP’s change score following treatment. This association varied with time, but not with type of treatment or socio-demographic variables. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, a highly positive association exists between OHRQoL and denture satisfaction. Chewing ability and oral condition are the determinant of denture satisfaction best associated with OHRQoL, predicting 46.4% of its improvement following a treatment.
Esfandiari, Shahrokh. "Technology adoption among Canadian dentists." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7983.
Full textCaron, Paré Eugénie. "Manifestations orales du syndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20376.
Full textKaur, Navdeep. "Development and randomized controlled trial evaluation of “Safeguard Your Smile” an oral health literacy intervention promoting oral hygiene self-care behavior among Punjabi immigrants." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19327.
Full textBackground: Research shows that immigrants have higher rates of oral diseases, poorer access to dental care services and lower levels of health literacy than their Canadian-born peers. Recently, oral health literacy has emerged as a potential pathway to reduce oral health disparities. Existent scarcity and methodological shortcomings of studies on oral health literacy interventions particularly among immigrants lent urgency to our present research study. Objectives: The overarching goal of present research study was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an oral health literacy intervention aimed to promote positive oral hygiene self-care behavior among Punjabi immigrants. To achieve this goal, we conducted four separate studies having following objectives: i) To conduct a scoping review to identify and synthesize the current evidence and knowledge gaps on the topic of oral health literacy. ii) To develop a culturally and linguistically appropriate educational material (photonovel) for Punjabi immigrants using a community based participatory approach. iii) To develop a theoretically grounded oral health literacy intervention aimed to improve oral hygiene self-care behavior among Punjabi immigrants. iv) To evaluate the effectiveness of the developed oral health literacy intervention aimed to promote positive oral hygiene self-care behavior among Punjabi immigrants. Results: The main findings of our four investigations were: 1) Findings of the first study affirmed a need to develop new assessment tools to capture all dimensions of oral health literacy and highlighted scarcity of oral health literacy interventions among vulnerable populations particularly among immigrants. Also, it affirmed that low oral health literacy is positively and significantly related to poor oral health knowledge, poor oral health behaviour and poor oral health outcomes. 2) In the second study, the focus group meetings revealed four themes identifying following perceptions held by Punjabi immigrants regarding oral hygiene self-care: i) lack of understanding about oral hygiene self-care related knowledge and risk factors; ii) lack of oral hygiene self-care related adequate skills and routine; iii) lack of emphasis on prevention by oral health care providers; and iv) perceived barriers to access dental health. Findings of the focus group discussions were used to develop an educational material (photonovel) for Punjabi immigrants. 3) The third study developed a theoretically grounded oral health literacy intervention aimed to improve oral hygiene self-care behavior by employing “Behaviour Change Wheel” (BCW) method. Using the BCW method, we first identified various barriers and enablers and linked those with specific intervention functions, policy categories and behavior change techniques identified from the range of options provided by the BCW. Six intervention functions (education, training, modeling, restriction, environmental restructuring and enablement) were subsequently mapped to two policy categories (communication and service provision) since they met the APEASE criteria. 4) In the fourth study, linear mixed model analysis for repeated measures comparing the intervention and control groups at pre-and post-intervention reported that participants who received “Safeguard Your Smile” intervention showed significant improvement in their adequately brushing and flossing routine and in their plaque and gingival indices and oral health literacy than control group participants. Conclusions: The novel attempt of the present research study of developing and evaluating a theoretically grounded and community based oral health literacy intervention among Punjabi immigrants has addressed a deficit in this field and proposed a model of oral health literacy intervention that could be adapted among other low oral health literate communities to reduce the oral health disparities.
Ghawi, Maha. "The impact of nocturnal wear of the prosthesis on the oral health-related quality of life of an apneic edentulous population." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23983.
Full textProblematic: Tooth loss is one of the chronic diseases associated with several anatomical and functional alterations in the oral cavity and the upper airway tract. These changes result in the deterioration in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), particularly among the elderly. Complete dentures can enhance the appearance and restore some impaired masticatory functions, creating a positive impact on OHRQoL. However, continuous nocturnal wear of dentures may raise oral health problems. In contrast, some studies have found that the impact of sleeping with dentures is positive with regard to the quality of sleep and quality of life. Objectives: The aim of this Master’s study is to investigate the impact of sleeping with dentures on OHRQoL in edentulous elderly patients who suffer from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methodology: This master research project is nested in a randomized, crossover trial study of 70 edentulous elderly patients diagnosed with moderate to severe OSA (AHI ≥10). The participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups (sleeping with or without the prosthesis in opposite order), for two periods with a 30-day interval between them. Data on the effect of nocturnal wearing of dentures on OHRQoL and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were collected at the baseline and during the two follow-up visits, using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-20) and Short form (SF-36) questionnaires respectively. Data analysis was performed using mixed effect models appropriate for repeated measures including types of intervention (sleeping with or without dentures), sequence and visit number. Results: Results reported below are based on data collected from 63 patients. The overall OHIP-20 score was slightly higher among patients who wore their dentures while sleeping than in those who did not, but not at a significant level (p=0.08). The scores of all OHIP-20 subscales were increased among patients who slept with prosthesis, except for the social disability which slightly decreased, and the handicap remained at the same average. However, the significant negative impact was reported only for two OHIP scores: psycho-discomfort (p=0.04) and physical disability (p=0.05). OHIP-20 scores were influenced neither by the assignment sequence nor by the period, with an exception for handicap scores which slightly increased among elders assigned to sleep with dentures in the first period of this study. In contrast, SF-36 results showed an improvement in the mean scores in all subscales among the elderly when participants were sleeping with dentures, but the only significant impacts were found on social function and health change aspects (p <0.01, and p=0.01, respectively). The assignment sequence had a significant effect on physical function (p=0.03), pain (p=0.02), and health change (p=0.02). The follow-up visit number had a significant impact only on the physical function domain (p=0.03). Conclusion: While sleeping with dentures could have a negative impact on psycho-discomfort and physical discomfort aspects of OHRQoL, it could have a positive impact on the social function and health change aspects of HRQoL. The results of this Master’s research should be considered as preliminary since the total data analysis has not completed yet.