Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Santé maternelle'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Santé maternelle.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Dujardin, Bruno. "Une approche globale pour améliorer la santé maternelle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212871.
Full textBurgos-Soto, Juan. "Santé de la femme, santé maternelle et infection par le VIH en Afrique de l’Ouest." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0242/document.
Full textHIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa is a major public health threat particularly for girls and women ofreproductive age. The research presented in this thesis was conducted particularly in West Africa andthe specific objectives are i) to estimate the prevalence of intimate partner violence according to HIVserological status; ii) to estimate the incidence rate of pregnancy following ART initiation; iii) todetermine the effect of pregnancy after ART initiation on the risk of death, HIV-disease progressionand loss to follow-up. Firstly, in Togo, According to our findings, the prevalence rates of lifetimephysical and sexual violence (IPV) among HIV-infected women were significantly higher thanamong uninfected women (63.1 vs. 39.3%, p=0.01 and 69.7 vs. 35.3%, p=0.01, respectively).Secondly, Among HIV-infected West African women, the crude incidence of first pregnancy afterART initiation was 2.9 per 100 women-years [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.7 to 3.0] and it could beas high as 4.7 per 100 women-years (95% CI: 4.3 to 5.1) among women aged 25-29 years old. Finally,pregnancy after ART initiation appeared to reduce the risk of death or HIV-disease progression(Adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR] =0.61; 95%CI: 0.40-0.92) and the risk of becoming LTFU at M48(aHR=0.74; 95%CI: 0.60-0.92) among West African HIV-infected women. Intimate partner violence ishighly prevalent among HIV-infected women and it may have negative repercussions on their healthstatus. Pregnancy is a common event after ART initiation and it might have repercussions on thehealth status of HIV-infected women. The design of safe motherhood programs addressed to HIVinfectedwomen and its integration within HIV care services must are a public health priority in sub-Saharan Africa
Prual, Alain Pierre. "Mortalité maternelle en Afrique de l'Ouest : de l'épidémiologie à la santé publique." Nancy 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN11302.
Full textSince the "Safe Motherhood Initiative" was launched in 1987, the epidemiology of maternal morbidity and mortality is better known. At this end of the XXtrh century, maternal mortality is at the same level in West Africa than it was in Europe in the XVIIIth century. Moreover, it does not seem to have decreased since two decades, even in major cities where are concentrated both the qualified personnel and the technical means. The study of maternal morbidity has revealed a high incidence of severe obstetrical morbidity, responsible for a high letality. Since, in cities, maternal health services are largely used by the pregnant women, this letality points to a poor quality of those services. We demonstrated a poor quality of the prenatal consultation (screening for risk factors and iron supplementation) but also a scientific error as to the potential role of prenatal care. Relationships between the midwives, many doctors and the pregnant women are bad : violence, disdain and lack of adequate care are common. Ln addition, few deliveries are effectively performed by midwives even in cities, where they are in sufficient numbers. Ethic is often poor. Although this situation is well known by govemments in West Africa, no organized action has been undertaken. This lack of political will or the incapacity to transform it into actions is analysed. Responsibility is shared by West African govemments and donor agencies. Based on this analysis, propositions are made to move towards a matemity at lesser risk
Nkoumou, Ngoa Brice Gaston. "Essais sur la ressource humaine en santé et l’utilisation des services de santé maternelle en Afrique sub-saharienne." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED081.
Full textThis thesis studies the effect of prices on the decisions of health professionals and the use of maternal health services in sub-Saharan Africa. The first two chapters are concerned with the effect of wages on the effort choices and the multiple job holding of health professionals. Based on data collected at the peripheral level of the Cameroonian health system (Yaoundé and Douala), it appears that wages in the main job have no significant effect on the effort choice and the multiple job holding of the health professionals. Thus, a policy of high wages appears insufficient to control the shirking behaviour and the multiple job holding phenomenon of health professionals in the sub-Saharan context. The third chapter analyzes the short-term impact of the free delivery and caesarean program on the use of maternal health services in Senegal. This evaluation does not show in a short-term any positive impact of the free-of-charge measure on the use of maternal health services. The hasty scaling-up of free-of-charge policies can be then questioned in this context
Savary, Véronique. "Approche sociale des problèmes de santé infantile en Kroumirie(Tunisie)." Nantes, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NANT3490.
Full textLagasse, Raphaël. "Les déterminants de la morbidité maternelle et infantile: influence des facteurs sociaux, géographiques et culturels dans trois arrondissements wallons." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213660.
Full textAzoh, José. "Rapports sociaux, reproduction bio-sociale et santé maternelle, une étude comparée en Côte d'Ivoire." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21418.pdf.
Full textAl, Dahdah Marine. "Les mobiles du développement : santé maternelle par téléphone portable au Ghana et en Inde." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB163.
Full textWith 7 billion mobile users in 2015, mobile phones became the most widespread communication technology worldwide. From appointment reminders by SMS to mobile glucometers, healthcare systems are increasingly using mobile technologies. However, the use of mobile technologies for health called « mhealth » or « mobile health » has not been well documented so far, especially in the Global South. Through the study of a global mHealth program on maternal health implemented in Ghana and India, this research offers a first glance at those devices. Based on an interdisciplinary approach combining sociology of health, users studies and discourse analysis, and a multisite ethnography conducted in Ghana and India, this dissertation describes those particular socio-technical assemblages deployed in a global biomedical context and details the specific impact of those mobile technologies on care provision and health practices for women targeted by those programs. This triple approach reveals power relations underlying the expansion of those new technical artefacts in the Global South. First of all, this work examines the model of « digital development » promoted by mHealth programs: a model that establishes a special relation to knowledge and science, that defines mobile connectivity and mobile market extension as key sources of progress and economic growth in the developing world. This technological and market-based model of development perpetuates imperialist dynamics and reshapes North-South inequalities. Moreover, the thesis studies the role of information and health data in those projets. Seen as central weapons to fight mortality and to preserve health for everyone, patient empowerment and data-driven health are strong characteristics of the studied device that increase the commodification and datafication of health. The research shows that care practices cannot be entirely captured by encoding and transmission techniques, by delegating care to the « digitally engaged patient » and to poorly trained-insecure-low-paid healthworkers, the project deteriorates interpersonal relationships that are essential for care practices. Finally, the thesis examines the multiple power issues at stake in mHealth projects. Those maternal programs are specifically targeting women and intend to compensate gender inequalities thanks to the alleged empowering effect of mobile phones. The studied program contributes to this trend and offers a shallow inversion of the traditional assignment of gender roles thus hardly taking into account the complexitiy of gender determination. This multisite research shows how the technical device far from erasing inequalities transforms them in different ways depending on its context of insertion. The idea that digital technologies contributes to improving care, reducing health disparities and optimizing health systems has taken shape in recent years in a diverse set of technical devices. mHealth or mobile Health is a particular vector of this global movement, which goes beyond the use of mobile phones, and shows how digital technologies contribute to the emergence of new powers, to the reorganization of care, to the globalization, the datafication and the commodification of health
Sombie, Issiaka. "Amélioration de l'utilisation des services de santé maternelle au Burkina Faso: Quelles stratégies adopter ?" Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210671.
Full textLa mortalité maternelle reste encore élevée dans les pays en développement notamment en Afrique où une femme parmi 16 en âge de reproduction sera touchée par cette mortalité contre 1 femme parmi 2400 dans les pays développés. Au Burkina Faso, ce risque de mortalité est de 1 parmi 12 pour une femme en âge de reproduction.
La littérature internationale montre qu’un meilleur accès aux soins qualifiés à l’accouchement et aux soins obstétricaux d’urgence est la solution majeure pour sauver la vie d’une femme au cours de la grossesse, de l’accouchement et dans le post partum. Elle montre que cet accès est limité en milieu rural par l’existence de barrières liées aux services de santé, de barrières économiques et sociales. Au milieu des années 1990, il a été montré qu’il serait possible d’améliorer l’accès des femmes aux soins qualifiés et aux soins d’urgence par des interventions locales visant à réduire ces barrières. Ces résultats ont entraîné la mise en place de plusieurs interventions en milieu rural burkinabè. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’examiner les activités mises en place au niveau du système de santé dans les districts ruraux de Houndé et d’Orodara au Burkina Faso afin de mieux comprendre ce qui a été à la base de l’évolution des indicateurs de santé maternelle.
Méthodologie
Le travail a combiné des méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives. Des études de cas, plusieurs sources d’informations (revue des documents, interview des populations, prise de notes, observation participante) ont été utilisées pour identifier au niveau du système de santé des districts les activités pouvant influencer l’utilisation des soins obstétricaux d’urgence et analyser la dynamique et la qualité de leur mise en œuvre. Des approches quantitatives (étude écologique, analyse transversale, étude avant et après) ont permis d’étudier l’évolution des indicateurs et de mettre celles-ci en parallèle avec la réalisation de certaines activités. Enfin, les résultats dans les deux districts ont été comparés avec ceux d’autres districts ayant aussi bénéficié d’une intervention en santé maternelle.
Résultats
L’analyse du système de santé a identifié l’existence d’activités d’éducation et de mobilisation des populations, d’amélioration de l’environnement de la prise en charge de la femme enceinte et de renforcement de compétence des agents de santé et des accoucheuses villageoises dans les deux districts. Dans le district de Houndé une intervention bien structurée (le projet SAREDO) avec analyse des besoins a été à la base d’une grande partie des activités de 2000 à 2003. Mais l’analyse de la mise en oeuvre des activités de ce projet a montré des écarts par rapport à ce qui avait été planifié, des retards et un manque de suivi des activités. Ces faiblesses du projet étaient liées à l’approche participative de mise en œuvre, à des faiblesses organisationnelles et à l’arrêt avant terme du financement. Dans le district d’Orodara, la mise en place des activités a démarré avec l’arrivée en 2001 d’un médecin chef en provenance du district de Houndé. Aucune intervention planifiée n’a existé. Les activités ont été mises en place à partir de décisions empiriques s’inspirant de l’expérience du projet SAREDO à Houndé. Dans les deux districts, la collaboration avec des intervenants dans et hors du district, le leadership de l’équipe de district et l’utilisation rationnelle des ressources ont été déterminants dans la mise en œuvre des activités.
L’évolution des indicateurs de soins maternels a montré une amélioration de l’utilisation des soins maternels en général de 1999 à 2006 dans les deux districts. En 2004, si l’utilisation des services de consultation prénatale et de maternité pour l’accouchement était meilleure à Houndé qu’à Orodara, il n’existait aucune différence pour ce qui était du taux des accouchements par césarienne. Pour ce dernier indicateur, on notait une croissance linéaire dans le district de Houndé, tandis qu’à Orodara, le taux était resté stable de 1999 à 2002 et à partir de 2003 on assistait à une amélioration avec un taux atteignant celui de Houndé en 2005. La mise en parallèle de l’évolution du taux d’accouchements par césarienne et du calendrier des activités dans les deux districts montre une amélioration après la mise en place du renforcement de la qualité des soins (formation des agents et équipement) et de la réduction du coût des soins d’urgence surtout dans le district d’Orodara. Ces observations suggèrent l’existence d’une relation entre l’évolution du taux des accouchements par césarienne et, d’une part, le renforcement de la qualité des soins et d’autre part, la mise en place de la réduction du coût des soins d’urgence.
Une évaluation a relevé dans le district de Houndé que l’offre de soins était meilleure après la formation des agents de santé et l’équipement des services. Elle a aussi montré une meilleure utilisation des services de base (consultation prénatale et accouchements institutionnels) et un taux plus élevé d’évacuations obstétricales dans le groupe des centres de santé avec un responsable de la maternité ayant bénéficié de la formation que dans le groupe des centres de santé avec un agent non formé responsable de la maternité. Les proportions d’accouchements par césarienne et d’interventions obstétricales majeures réalisées pour sauver la vie de la mère étaient plus élevées dans le groupe des centres de santé avec un agent formé responsable de la maternité mais les différences n’étaient pas statistiquement significatives. Les résultats de cette évaluation montrent qu’au niveau des centres de santé de base, former les agents et équiper les services permettent d’améliorer la qualité et l’utilisation des services de base mais ne suffisent pas pour améliorer l’utilisation des soins obstétricaux d’urgence.
Au niveau de l’hôpital du district d’Orodara, après la mise en place des kits opératoires, les proportions des évacuations obstétricales à l’admission, des évacuations obstétricales prises en charge et des accouchements par césarienne à l’hôpital du district se sont améliorés significativement tandis que les proportions des complications infectieuses post césarienne et des évacuations obstétricales à l’hôpital de référence, et le coût des soins d’urgence ont été réduits. Ceci montre qu’en réduisant le coût des soins via les kits opératoires et en plus d’une formation des agents de santé, on a pu améliorer l’accès et la qualité des soins obstétricaux d’urgence dans cet hôpital.
\
Doctorat en Sciences de la santé publique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Dumont, Alexandre. "Organisation des soins obstétricaux d'urgence et mortalité maternelle en Afrique de l'Ouest." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066103.
Full textGarlantezec, Ronan. "Exposition professionnelle maternelle aux solvants organiques et malformations congenitales." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01020810.
Full textBationo, Bouma Fernand. "Santé publique, hygiène et société (s) au Burkina Faso : soins de santé maternelle et infantile et comportements socio-thérapeutiques des Lyela dans la province du Sanguié." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL1A001.
Full textAssarag, Bouchra. "La morbidité maternelle du post-partum au Maroc: Une information nécessaire pour une réponse appropriée." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/221564.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences de la santé Publique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Martin, Caroline. "Contribution d'un programme de soutien postnatal à domicile en matière de santé maternelle : le point de vue des mères utilisatrices." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27708.
Full textBackground: The postnatal period is an important moment where mothers face many challenges. In Quebec there is a postnatal home-visiting program called "Relevailles" provided by various non-profit organizations. Although this program has been defined in the past, little is known about the activities performed by perinatal assistants especially from the users’ perspectives. Furthermore, how “Relevailles" intervenes on maternal health promotion, more specifically on the development of individual health-enhancing skills remains unknown. Objectives: To understand how the activities of perinatal assistants can intervene on meeting the needs of the mothers and on the development of individual health-enhancing skills. Method: A qualitative explanatory study based on secondary analysis of data including individual interviews and documentary sources (N = 43). A total of 28 mothers, utilizing the “Relevailles” from seven organizations distributed in five regions of Quebec participated in individual interviews. Content analysis was carried out with the QDA Miner software and relied on a framework inspired by the perinatal maternal health promotion model by Fahey and Shenassa (2013). Results: Several findings emerged from the analysis of maternal speech: 1) the needs of mothers were different in nature; 2) activities performed by perinatal assistants were varied and they could satisfy several needs of mothers; 3) these activities could promote the development of the mothers’ individual health-enhancing skills. Conclusion: The “Relevailles” program contributes to the promotion of maternal health by potentiating the development of mothers’ individual health-enhancing skills allowing them to take better care of themselves and their children. Key words: Home-based support, public health, preventive health, perinatal health, mother health
Tomasso, Flora. "Santé des villes, santé des champs : le cas de la reproduction dans le département de Saint-Louis au Sénégal." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00983107.
Full textGaborit, Emilie. "Sanitarisation de l'école et scolarisation de la santé : socio ethnographie de la mise en oeuvre et de l'appropriation du programme "bien manger et bouger dès l'école maternelle" en Haute-Garonne et en Ariège." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30190.
Full textNutrition today holds a central place in the area of public health. Considered as a major State of population health determinant, it is at the heart of government programs, in particular, three programs national health nutrition that occurred from 2001 to 2015. They focus their objectives on primary prevention, screening and early nutritional support. In a comprehensive focus, this thesis work analyses the implementation of a program of preventive health care for young children through the prism of food and physical activity. In a comprehensive focus, this thesis work analyses the implementation of a program of preventive health care for young children through the prism of food and physical activity. This program, entitled Eating well and moving from nursery school is carried by a health institution, CPAM. It comes to understand how this program is implanted in other institutions that are the school and family-based education models and modes of socialization more or less distant concerns health or, at least, treating them differently. The entry by implementation to wonder about conditions and effects of the approximation of these two social worlds that are education and health. Thus, through the example of the nutritional program that we compare in two departments, Haute-Garonne and Ariège, the process of 'sanitizing' social worlds is asked to understand and analyze influence of the local stage on public action through the instruments and mobilized knowledge. We also analyze implementation of health educations system in different contexts, that of nursery schools with a specific mode of education and thus seize "schooling" of health via 'work directors' program. In addition, it is aimed at children whose modes of socialization family and school socially differentiated influence understanding and ownership of the program and induce differentiation and inequality in terms of nutritional knowledge. This work, which is at the crossroads of a sociology of public action and a sociology of childhood and education involves the implementation of a methodology for the ethnographic type corresponding to a participant observation of interventions, supplemented by biographical with 'work directors' interviews, families and early childhood professionals (teachers, ATSEM, etc.). In this thesis, we deconstruct in a first step the downward representation of public health by comparing the program and its variations on two departments and giving a central place to the actors and instruments of public action. Thus, the domination of the health world on other social worlds is nuanced and the idea of homomedicus by the analysis of the modalities of cooperation between CPAM and school. Finally, granted instead to the child in the program reveals early accountabilities forms to young public at the going work to assign a role of "missionary" within the family sphere
Andrieu, Jacquet Armelle. "Quand la langue maternelle devient langue étrangère : pour une éthique du vivre en situation de handicap ouverte aux Sciences humaines et sociales en cas d’aphasie." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05D019/document.
Full textThis study, with an annexe, is a reflection on the approach of aphasic subject, in his medical and rehabilitation contexts, from the very start of the diagnosis of his language disturb: the aphasia, or the loss of the acquired language, is generally a syndrome of adult subject. Based on the fundamentals of philosophy, the initial reflection evokes the difficulty of a homogeneous and satisfactory ethics, during the complex medical and paramedical course of this kind of patient, pointing some specific obstacles in the medical, psychological ethics or in the ethics of education. Then, a brief definition of the neuropsychology of language is followed by a presentation of the aphasia, a comment leaned on a mixed aphasia case study, containing a familial and a medical anamneses (Narrative medicine) and a neuropsychological balance assessment (narrative also), focused on the language, witch tends to show that, in a more or less diffuse way, the aphasic subject suffers from a lack of homogeneity on the set or part of the care chain, till the end of the long period of his language rehabilitation (at least three years), when his mother tongue became foreign language. The didactics of the languages, six-thousand-years-old, and its short history is briefly explained; it is the teaching aids proposed for the rehabilitation: the tutorage is especially conceived and adapted to the subject, showing the interest of the field of humanities and social sciences, in a course of care. The care takes into account the psychological state of the patient, his profoundly bruised identity, the neuropsychological balance assessment and the balance assessment of language. Finally, this study suggests the reality of the multidisciplinary field of medical ethics in the field of aphasiology. It expresses a synergy where the position of psychologist, neuropsychologist or speech pathologist, linguist, educationalist language can join
Dibakana, Mouanda Jean-Aimé. "La politique de santé maternelle et infantile face aux croyances liées à la maternité au Congo : à travers les pratiques des professionnels de santé et des autres acteurs concernés à Brazzaville." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010541.
Full textPetit-Carrié, Stéphanie. "Les bilans de santé à 3-4 ans : description et résultats des dépistages réalisés au premier semestre 1999, par les médecins du service de protection maternelle et infantile de Gironde." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23083.
Full textKodio, Belco. "Niveaux, causes et facteurs de risque de la mortalité maternelle en milieu rural au Sénégal : 1984-1998." Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR28849.
Full textObjective : To assess the magnitude of maternal mortality, their causes and risk factor in rural Senegal. Methods : The study has been carried out in three rural sesttings under continuous demographic surveillance since several years. A total of 317, 110 and 44 deaths of women in reproductive age (15-44 years) has been recorded in Niakhar (1984-87), Bandafassi (1988-97) and Mlomp (1985-98), respectively. Information on each death has been summarised in a confidential verbal autopsy file. The maternal origin of the death, the obstetrical origin of maternal deaths and their essential cause have been independently attributed by two obstetricians and a medical epidemiologist. Maternal mortality measures were based on 87 maternal deaths in Niakhar, 33 in Bandafassi and 10 in Mlomp. A case-control study in Niakhar allowed to identify certain risk factors. Results : Almost a third of the deaths of the women in reproductive age was linked to a maternal cause. The maternal mortality ratio reached 852 deaths for 100,000 live births in Bandafassi, 516 in Niakhar and 436 in Mlomp. Almost two-thirds were directly related to pregnancy or delivery (direct obsteric deaths) and 10 % were indirect obstetric deaths. Haemorrhage was the leading cause of direct deaths and abortion the last frequent cause. A Young or old age, more than six pregnancies, history of abortion or still birth, delivery in a health facility and during the rainy season were identified as risk factors. Matrimonial status and antenatal care were not associated with maternal death. Conclusion : Maternal mortality remains high, although lower than WHO estimates for Senegal. The five main causes of maternal death were found. The role of malaria in maternal mortality should be more deeply investigated, particularly its role in eclampsia. The feasibility of confidential enquiries on maternal deaths has been demonstrated in Senegal
Chouinard, Andrée-Anne. "La contribution de la sensibilité maternelle au développement langagier selon le temps de gestation et l'état de santé de l’enfant à la naissance." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27903/27903.pdf.
Full textChouinard, Andrée-Anne. "La contribution de la sensibilité maternelle au développement langagier selon le temps de gestation et l'état de santé de l'enfant à la naissance." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22729.
Full textAmerijckx, Gaëlle. "Le bien-être des jeunes enfants. Problématisation de la notion et étude socio-écologique au sein d'institutions socio-éducatives." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/218961.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences de la santé Publique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Ndour, Cheikh. "Modélisation statistique de la mortalité maternelle et néonatale pour l'aide à la planification et à la gestion des services de santé en Afrique Sub-Saharienne." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00996996.
Full textBandeira, Cyrille. "Place de l'audiovisuel dans l'information, l'éducation et la communication en matière de santé maternelle et infantile : cas de la province du Kadiogo au Burkina Faso." Grenoble 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE39010.
Full textLacombe, Marie-Alexandrine. "Approche de la santé des enfants de migrants en France : à propos d'une étude comparative entre deux groupes d'enfants turcs et français de 0 à 3 ans suivis en consultation de protection maternelle et infantile dans la communauté urbaine de Bordeaux." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M103.
Full textKante, Almamy Malick. "Santé et mortalité des mères et des enfants à Bandafassi, Sénégal : niveaux, tendances et influence du recours aux soins." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010622.
Full textKoura, Kobto Ghislain. "Conséquences de l'anémie maternelle sur le jeune enfant de la naissance à 18 mois de vie." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00831600.
Full textSéne, Madeleine. "L'implantation des missionnaires et leur implication dans la prise en charge de la santé maternelle et infantile dans les villages de Baback, Fandene, Keur-Moussa et Sanghe au Sénegal, de 2007 a 2011." Paris 8, 2014. http://octaviana.fr/document/192191454#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0f.
Full textBaback and Sanghé are two villages in the rural community (CR) of Notto-Joobaas located in the south of the department of Thies. While Fandène and Keur-Moussa main village of CR are situated respectively the north and north-west department of Thies. These four villages founded before the end of nineteenth century are occupied by different ethnic populations. They benefit from significant physical potential that allow the development of socio -economic activities. Moreover, adverse weather conditions, the financial imbalance, the implementation of structural adjustment policies and the devaluation of the CFA franc resulted in precarious living conditions of the Senegalese people, especially in rural areas. Poor economic performance has affected many sectors, including the health of populations. Women and children are the most vulnerable because they are the most marginalized and poorest of society. They face persistent poverty. Women are more prone to morbidity and mortality during pregnancy and childbirth. With the introduction of the missionaries in the villages of our study from the 60s, many health facilities were put in place and effectively contribute to the management of maternal and child health. These structures support the monitoring of pregnancies by prenatal visits, vaccinations and childbirth. Children are given special attention through vaccinations, weighing and nutrition programmes in the centers for mother and child care, from birth to school age (five to six years). Maternal, infant and child mortality has declined significantly in recent years, but they are still quite high in Senegal. The maternal mortality rate fell from 510/100 000 live births in 1992 to 401/100 000 live births in 2005. The rate of child mortality, it dropped from 150 in 1997 to 121 ‰ in 2005. The infant mortality from 70,1 ‰ in 1997 to 61 ‰ in 2005. Health stations are also facing financial difficulties. Thus, the free health care that prevailed in the services of the missionaries gave way to cost recovery by the financial participation of the beneficiaries. The Association of Private Catholic health stations in Senegal (APSPCS) coordinates activities in matters of health posts to better meet the needs of the population health especially in rural areas
Niada, Gonde Fanta. "Évaluation du plan d'accélération de réduction de la mortalité maternelle et néonatale au Burkina Faso : Cas des provinces du Kadiogo et du Bazèga." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28550/28550.pdf.
Full textFarnarier, Cyril. "Les dimensions sociales d'une politique de santé publique : le cas des consultations de protection infantile." Paris, EHESS, 2009. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01104369.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the analysis of the medico-social action as a particular type of intervention. It is based on a field work in the free consultations of "child protection" (protection infantile in French) in France, and questions the medico-social prevention while being "performed". 1bis research also observes the gaps and tensions which exist between legislation, organization of the consultations, professional positions taken by the protagonists, and the specific issue of the public addressed in priority by these consultations. There are numerous stakes within the articulation of medical and social, as well as various medical and social elements raised in the real-life situations. The analysis of these stakes and elements reveals that prevention is crafted, invented, and necessarily redefined in daily interactions
Servais-Walenda, Sophie. "La maternité avec risques : une analyse ethnographique des risques autour de la procréation au Burkina Faso." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTT056/document.
Full textSuccessive Maternal and Child Health policies during last three decades in the Global South were based on a quantitative approach to reproductive risk, with a homogeneous vision of women's life experiences. On the contrary, the anthropological approach defines risk as a social construction and considers that populations assess and prioritize their exposure risks in a relevant manner.Our approach is based on a long-term ethnographic study in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) and its environment. We conducted formal and informal interviews with women, their families and key informants. Contextual observations in urban and rural areas complete the data set.Our results show a form of trivialization of HIV/AIDS risk in its bioclinical aspects. However, although less visible, stigma is persisting, and the social dimension of disease are still a threat. Our research describes the living and working conditions of poor women. It highlights their exposure to risk related to women's work in both rural areas and cities. It specifically examines the risk associated with the current intensive use of pesticides, which particularly concern women.In addition, our research shows how women perceive the healthcare system as a threat. This perception of risk related to care is part of a broader context of « crisis of confidence » in the health care system that creates « mistreatments », especially among pregnant women.This doctoral research reveals the neglected and « not quantified » risks perceived by women. It contributes to the recognition of environment related risks and informal working conditions as major public health problems affecting mothers and children in West Africa
Aubert, Plard Amélie. "Regards croisés sur l’expérience prénatale : anthropologie de la santé reproductive et de l’action publique à El Alto (Bolivie)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100143.
Full textDespite many changes in the health sector during the three past decades, maternal mortality is still presented as "a public health issue" by the Bolivian government. The institutional mechanisms (free care, interculturalism, cash transfers) set up to attract pregnant and/or childbearing age women into public health facilities haven’t reached the expected results.From an ethnographic field survey carried out in the Andean city of El Alto for more than 19 months between 2013 and 2015, this thesis explores the reasons for this relative immobilism by confronting discourses, representations, and practices of the actors involved in the preconception period, the pregnancy and the childbirth. The analysis is developed upon the encounter of two viewpoints: on one side, the healthcare offer deployment, and, on the other, the women’s stories.After presenting the relational and organizational dimensions of the biomedical standards and their contradictions, it is, then, a matter of bringing to light the actors' games and stakes that emanate from the prenatal daily experience among the parturients: reproductive status, "problem" of adolescent pregnancy, family planning, abortion, body transformation, risk management, and choice of the place for childbirth. It is in the mirroring of these two approaches that the cluster of reasons contributing to explain the deadlocks of public health is revealed, as well as the entanglement of the social, cultural and political logics at work during the prenatal period in Bolivian urban context
Diongué, Birahime. "Les niveaux et les facteurs explicatifs de la santé au Sénégal de 1960 à 1982." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF10018.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is first to study the health levels of Senegalese people and secondly to analyze the factors explaining their health standard. In the first part, we used the result indicators such as morbidity rates, based on the ministry of public health data only, since they are no epidemiologic surveys. The trends analysis indicated a strong prevalence of certain diseases, such as malaria, with nevertheless important disparity between the regions. However, despite the eradication of big endemics such as plague, small pox, sleeping disease, others diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis leprosy, sexually transmissible diseases, nutritional and diarrheal diseases, measles, whooping cough, consequences of abortions and deliveries, represent the most important plagues. But the morbidity data do not correspond to the Senegalese reality: in fact, the health infrastructures are almost exclusively settled in towns and consequently, they benefit only to urban population. Moreover, the attraction of traditional medicine is not to be neglected, but it is the opposite. All the reasons led us to believe that the morbidity is not really known and consequently that the indicator can not constitute a study base of the health (or levels) in Senegal. That is why we choose the mortality, which is a incontestable evidence and a more known indicator. We analyzed in a second part the health factors and, in order to so, we used 17 health and socio-economic variables supposed to explain the levels of infant mortality (explained variables). We went on with a differential econometric analysis, at first at the national level, then with a pooling-data analysis including only 6 regions and finally with a model applied to Dakar, then to Ngayokheme. The demographic variables, the availability of the coverage of beds, as much as the schooling rate have been the main explanatory factors of health status in the regions and in Dakar the income per capita did not reveal itself as a significate variable. But, in terms of personnel in Dakar the medical and paramedical (midwives) coverage have been significate variables, when at the region level, the population per nurse indicator only prove significate
Safi-Stibler, Sofiane. "Mémoire métabolique et épigénétique des trajectoires pondérales maternelles préconceptionnelles, au cours du développement et à long terme." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS357.
Full textMaternal obesity can predispose to metabolic pathologies in adulthood. Preconceptional weight loss is recommended for obese women, but its effects on the health of the offspring are still poorly understood. The objectives of this thesis were to study the effects of preconceptional maternal weight trajectories on the metabolic phenotype of offspring in adulthood and to address the underlying epigenetic mechanisms at gestation term. The study is based on a mouse model comprising three maternal groups (control, obese and weight loss) and two offspring groups (normal or high-fat diet). Multifactorial analyzes revealed a major effect of sex and post-weaning diet on the phenotype of offspring, as well as a conditioning effect by maternal physiology in males under high-fat diet. A metabolomic analysis of the liver, hypothalamus and olfactory bulb of adult male offspring confirmed the major effect of post-weaning diet on several metabolic pathways, and identified 3 metabolites common to all three tissues. In addition, this study revealed a programming effect by maternal obesity in the liver. At term of gestation, we also started a preliminary study concerning the post-translational modifications of the histones, in particular their acetylation. This work brings novel elements concerning the actors and the mechanisms of the programming and the developmental conditioning of the offspring by the preconceptional maternal weight trajectories
VASSEUR, CHARLIER MARYSE. "Bilans de sante en ecole maternelle : une experience de 2 ans au sein de l'equipe de pmi de la circonscription de soissons." Reims, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REIMM062.
Full textAfridi, Muhammad Asim. "The effects of health aid on health outcomes : public versus private channels." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1111.
Full textThe reduction of child and maternal mortality is universally accepted as a millennium development goal (MDG). Foreign aid for health is one of the means implemented to reach it. However, even if many successes of health aid activities have been underlined at the microeconomic level, the effectiveness of health aid in general remains unknown. In spite of many macroeconomic works on aid effectiveness on economic growth, only little deals with its effectiveness in health. The purpose of this thesis is precisely to assess the effectiveness of foreign aid in improving health measurements, at the macroeconomic level. I tried to explore the impact of health aid disbursed by the donors through the government and private sector on health outcomes like child, maternal and adult mortality rates in developing economies. The thesis examines the issue of foreign aid earmarked for health sector using a three-paper format. The three chapters of this thesis can be read independently
RAFEI-DARMIAN, RIOTTE REGINE. "Reflexions a partir d'experiences en action d'education pour la sante sur la z. U. P. De la chapelle saint luc : place du medecin de p.m.i. dans le systeme de sante." Reims, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REIMM010.
Full textHUCHARD, CATHERINE. "Bilans d'ecoles maternelles dans le departement de l'aube." Reims, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REIMM025.
Full textSONCOURT, JEUDY DOMINIQUE. "La prevention precoce des risques d'inadaptation scolaire : une experience de bilan en maternelle chez les enfants de 3-4 ans par le service de sante scolaire." Angers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ANGE1101.
Full textLailler, Josette. "Les bilans de santé des enfants de 3-4 ans en école maternelle : 5 années de pratique en Gironde." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR25254.
Full textRobles, Morgane. "Influence du métabolisme maternel sur la fonction placentaire et la santé du poulain." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLA029/document.
Full textThe economy of the equine industry is based on the production of high performance athlete horses. The metabolism of the pregnant mare can program the development of the foal, its long-term health and therefore its athletic performance at adulthood. Many breeding practices can modify maternal metabolism, such as nutrition during pregnancy, overnutrition during the mare's productive life (overweight and obesity) and the number of foals produced by the mare (parity). The aim of this work was to study the effects of maternal metabolism during pregnancy on placental function and structure, as well as bone growth, energy metabolism, systemic inflammation and osteoarticular status in growing foals. In a first approach, mares fed with forage only during gestation were compared to mares fed forage and concentrates from mid-gestation. Supplementation with concentrates altered maternal carbohydrate metabolism and placental function. In weaned foals, the osteoarticular status and the metabolic response to an overnutrition were also affected by the use of concentrates in maternal nutrition. Conversely, mares fed forage only lost body condition, which led to a delay in the post-natal maturation in terms of energy metabolism and testicular function in foals. In a second approach, the effect of primiparity was studied. Foals born to primiparous mares were growth restricted at birth and had a long-term maturational delay in bone growth, carbohydrate metabolism and testicular function. Finally, given the current high prevalence of overweight and obesity in the equine species, the effects of maternal obesity were studied. Maternal obesity associated with increased maternal insulin resistance and systemic inflammation resulted in increased insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and increased incidence of osteochondrosis in foals. Altogether, these results highlight the relationship between maternal insulin resistance, maternal inflammation and the development of osteochondrosis lesions in foals during growth, but also between in utero undernutrition and maturation delay. These observations will contribute to adjust nutritional recommendations to broodmares
Landry, Marie-Pier, and Marie-Pier Landry. "Expériences de violence obstétricale en milieu hospitalier québécois : une analyse féministe intersectionnelle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37091.
Full textCette recherche qualitative a pour objectif de comprendre les expériences de violence obstétricales au Québec, à partir des témoignages de femmes ayant participé à un entretien. La violence obstétricale est une forme de violence systémique envers les femmes, vécue dans le cadre des soins entourant la grossesse et l’accouchement. Une analyse de contenu thématique des entretiens relève les principaux thèmes abordés, dont plusieurs se trouvent dans les écrits scientifiques : la déshumanisation et la violence psychologique, la violence physique et sexuelle, les relations avec le personnel soignant, la surmédicalisation de l’enfantement et les contraintes organisationnelles, le non-respect des droits et les répercussions de l’expérience difficile ou négative. Des participantes ont aussi exprimé certaines stratégies d’agentivité s’étant déployées durant leur grossesse et leur accouchement et certaines ont nommé des expériences positives s’étant produites parallèlement aux difficultés rencontrées. L’analyse intersectionnelle des résultats suggère que les expériences de violence obstétricale prennent place sur les plans structurels, disciplinaires, hégémoniques, interpersonnels et expérientiels. Les formations sociales soulevées par les femmes rencontrées (orientation sexuelle, langue parlée, nationalité et origine socioculturelle) ont démontré que le fait de se trouver à l’intersection de plusieurs formes d’oppression rend les expériences uniques pour chaque femme ou groupe de femmes. Il parait ainsi important de s’intéresser aux personnes pouvant se trouver dans toutes les intersections pouvant se juxtaposer à l’oppression de sexe dans l’étude de la violence obstétricale. L’évaluation de la prévalence de cette forme de violence et des pistes d’action devraient être envisagées rapidement par les différents acteurs concernés.
The objective of this qualitative study is to understand experiences of obstetric violence in Quebec, through a series of first-hand accounts from women who participated in an interview process. Obstetric violence is a form of systemic violence against women, experienced in the context of healthcare services related to pregnancy and childbirth. An analysis of the thematic content of the interviews reveals the following primary themes, several of which also appear in scientific articles: dehumanization and psychological violence, physical and sexual violence, relationships to caregivers, the over-medicalization of childbirth and organizational constraints, lack of respect for individual rights and the difficult or negative effects of the experience. Some participants also expressed strategies used to gain agency during pregnancy and childbirth and some named positive experiences that occurred in parallel with the difficulties they encountered. Intersectional analysis of the results suggests that experiences of obstetric violence take place on structural, disciplinary, hegemonic, interpersonal and experiential levels. The forms of socialization brought up by the women interviewed (sexual orientation, language, nationality and sociocultural background) showed that being at the intersection of several forms of oppression makes the experience unique for each woman or group of women. It therefore seems important, in studying obstetric violence, to take a specific interest in mothers who may find themselves at any intersection that may be juxtaposed with gendered oppression. Assessment of the prevalence of this type of violence and potential courses of action should be considered quickly by the different actors concerned.
The objective of this qualitative study is to understand experiences of obstetric violence in Quebec, through a series of first-hand accounts from women who participated in an interview process. Obstetric violence is a form of systemic violence against women, experienced in the context of healthcare services related to pregnancy and childbirth. An analysis of the thematic content of the interviews reveals the following primary themes, several of which also appear in scientific articles: dehumanization and psychological violence, physical and sexual violence, relationships to caregivers, the over-medicalization of childbirth and organizational constraints, lack of respect for individual rights and the difficult or negative effects of the experience. Some participants also expressed strategies used to gain agency during pregnancy and childbirth and some named positive experiences that occurred in parallel with the difficulties they encountered. Intersectional analysis of the results suggests that experiences of obstetric violence take place on structural, disciplinary, hegemonic, interpersonal and experiential levels. The forms of socialization brought up by the women interviewed (sexual orientation, language, nationality and sociocultural background) showed that being at the intersection of several forms of oppression makes the experience unique for each woman or group of women. It therefore seems important, in studying obstetric violence, to take a specific interest in mothers who may find themselves at any intersection that may be juxtaposed with gendered oppression. Assessment of the prevalence of this type of violence and potential courses of action should be considered quickly by the different actors concerned.
Marousez, Lucie. "Variations de la composition du lait maternel : causes et conséquences sur la santé métabolique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1S113.
Full textEpidemiological and experimental studies indicate that nutrition in the early postnatal period can program long term health and disease such as obesity. Indeed, according to the concept of Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD), the developing organism could keep the memory of a specific nutritional environment. Although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, this notion is well illustrated in humans by the fact that breastfeeding, as opposed to artificial infant formula, is a protective factor against later obesity risk. However, recent data indicate that the protective properties of breast milk can be modulated by its composition, emphasizing the importance of better characterizing the quality of breast milk, its causes of variation and its consequences on metabolic health. In this context, the work carried out during this thesis was aimed at: 1) studying the consequences of a maternal hyperlipidic diet (HF) in rats during lactation on the programming of obesity in the offspring ; 2) to characterize the effect of this diet and maternal obesity on the composition of breast milk, including metabolic hormones such as apelin, leptin, adiponectin and insulin; and 3) to test the hypothesis of the role of milk apelin on intestinal absorption of glucose in the early postnatal period. Our results indicate that maternal HF diet during lactation in rats does not induce maternal obesity, but alters drastically the breast milk fatty acid composition. Indeed, this diet reduces the composition of milk to medium chain fatty acids but increases the milk proportions of long chain fatty acids, especially of the omega-6 type. This diet programs male offspring to develop increased visceral epididymal adiposity in adulthood. In this tissue, we have shown an increase in the expression of the enzyme SCD1, a key enzyme of fatty acid metabolism and storage. This overexpression of SCD1 is correlated with the decrease in the DNA methylation of a CpG dinucleotide located in its promoter. Moreover, this CpG is flanked by a DNA binding site of the transcription factor PPARg, whose attachment at this level is increased. Complementary experiments have shown that this epigenetic mark (decreased CpG DNA methylation) was already present from the 12th day of life after birth, suggesting that the milk fatty acids of HF mothers could be involved in epigenetic mechanisms of metabolic programming. In a second part of our work on milk hormones, we have shown that maternal obesity in lactating women and maternal HF during lactation in rats modulate the levels of several metabolic hormones in milk. The most affected being apelin, the rate of which is increased under these two conditions. Additional tests in rats have shown that this hormone is produced in the mammary gland at the level of myoepithelial cells. Finally, in neonatal rats, we did not demonstrate any significant effect of oral apelin administered on intestinal glucose uptake. All of our experimental and clinical data suggest that maternal nutrition and metabolism alter the composition of breast milk. These modifications could participate in the programming of various pathologies in the offspring or to that of an obesity by epigenetic and / or endocrine mechanisms
Martin, Natacha. "Contribution à la question du sens de la chute du sujet âgé : les raisons de la chute, la chute de la raison." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20142.
Full textWith the increase of life expectancy, psychological writings about ageing have not developed as much as those concerning adults and children. It seemed to us interesting, fascinating and fruitful to think about this senescence period by restating the « somat/psyche » duality throughout the deterioration event. The use of a quantitative and qualitative methodology allows us to tackle the fall event as a traumatic experience according to physical data (fragile ou valid subject, somatic or psychomotor consequences…), temporal (since the last fall, moment of the fall, objective and subjective age of the fall…) and psychic (defenses set up, reminiscence, the work of getting old…) So we specifically looked at the turning point of this event in the context of expensive treatment of conflicts emerging at that time to discover obsessive defense mechanisms and primary maternal regression. In consequence, the development of psychological and psychoanalytical reasoning on the observation of the fall of the ageing subject can only be appreciated by not « falling » in the belief of a unique link of casuality, within an indistinguishable demographic class where age would be seen as an etiological factor. The use of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the discourse gives access to postfall reactive data but also to psychic treatment methods of the conflicts and affects which emerged from this event. We combined verbal communication with the drawing technique to get an insight of the mental images set in the historical narrative of memory. The fall is then exposed as an action, to mitigate the failure of the protective shield system and the capacities of development and connection to the narcissistic injury of senescence. However, it can also be appreciated as a coming back an elaborative resumption of attachment that leads to an inevitable end. It was then that "what is called a reason for living is also an excellent reason for dying" (Albert Camus). Indeed writings on the subject of the psychological deterioration of the ageing person are mainly studied in the context of the psychopathological or deficient process of the frail person in question, hospitalized without really taking into account the individual and collective complex alterations common to the process of ageing. We therefore concentrated on the psychic process of a valid old subject in order to glean more clinical reflections on the type of anxiety and object interaction. The TAT/SAT proposed concerning our study has established the psychic constitution of an internal model of an insecure relationship of the ageing, linked with an infringing relational experience with a failing and disappointing maternal object
MOREL, FRANCINE. "L'allaitement en comminges en 1985 : circonscription de saint-gaudens (haute-garonne) ; recherche action aupres des meres et de professionnnels de sante." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU31055.
Full textSánchez, Rodríguez Raquel. "Le burn-out maternel : état des lieux, vécu des mères et validation d'un questionnaire Fatigue et épuisement des mères, du vécu personnel à l’influence environnementale : une étude qualitative Stress, depression and anxiety in burned out mothers of preschool and school-aged children: Insight from cluster analysis Development and preliminary validation of the Mother Burnout Scale (MBS): Bifactorial structure, reliability and validity." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20055.
Full textMotherhood subjects women to high demands that can lead them to maternal burnout. Although psychopathology in the perinatal period has been the subject of many studies, little research has focused on the difficulties experienced by women in their specific role as mothers afterwards. The purpose of this work is thus to provide scientific knowledge concerning the psychopathology of maternal burn-out, its experience and its evaluation.Study 1 is a qualitative exploratory study conducted with 4 focus groups. The goal was to explore concepts specifically related to maternity such as notions of sacrifice or ideal mother, as well as the expectations of the entourage. The results have shown that maternal exhaustion is rooted in tasks and responsibilities that are often related to maternal roles and peer pressure. Study 2 provides profiles of burnout mothers based on parental stress, environmental stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Four profiles were highlighted in the sample: the first characterized by difficulties with the child, the second showed a predominance of anxiety symptoms and great parental distress, the third had severe distress and the fourth had low levels of all symptoms. Study 3 aimed at creating and validating a maternal burnout questionnaire (MBS) to examine the prevalence of the mothers concerned. Factor analyzes retained a three-factor structure that accounted for 51% of the variance: negative emotive-behavioral manifestations, physical and emotional exhaustion, and sense of parental achievement. According to the threshold scores, 18.3% of mothers would have some degree of burnout and 6.6% could suffer from maternal burnout
Cariot, Axelle. "Analyse de traces de micropolluants dans l'eau et le lait maternel en vue d'évaluer leur impact sur la santé." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT1405/document.
Full textBisphenol A and nonylphenols are widespread industrial chemicals which over the past decade have demonstrated their toxicity as endocrine disruptors. Residual chlorine present in drinking water may react with these compounds to form chlorinated derivatives, which have demonstrated a heightened level of estrogenic activity. In this work, we have comprehensively validated accurate and reproducible methods of quantification measuring these target compounds in water using LC-MS/MS. We have discussed and selected 353NP as the reference material for the analysis of nonylphenols. Bisphenol A and 353NP were found in both surface and treated water samples extracted from eight French drinking water treatment plants, at a level ranging from 2.0 to 29.7 ng.L-1 and from <4.1 to 124.9 ng.L-1, respectively. Neither chlorinated BPA nor chlorinated 353NP was detected. Quantification of bisphenol A and its chlorinated derivatives in 14 tap water samples and 4 bottled water samples showed that those pollutants are present in drinking water. Exposure to bisphenol A and its chlorinated derivatives in the population was investigated through breast milk. We developed a method using on-line SPE-UPLC-MS/MS to quantify these chemicals in breast milk according to internationally accepted guidelines. The target compounds were found in the colostrum of 21 women at concentrations ranging from <0.40 to 6.12 ng.mL-1. Drinking water may consequently constitute a source of human exposure to bisphenol A and its chlorinated derivatives
Robert, Emmanuelle. "La situation de l'allaitement maternel en Wallonie et à Bruxelles au travers d'enquêtes de couverture vaccinale." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/234997.
Full textDoctorat en Santé Publique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Richard, Fabienne. "La césarienne de qualité au Burkina Faso: comment penser et agir au delà de l'acte technique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209716.
Full textL’objectif de notre thèse est de contribuer à une meilleure connaissance des déterminants d’une césarienne de qualité et de montrer comment en situation réelle (cas d’un district urbain au Burkina Faso) on peut agir sur ces déterminants pour améliorer la qualité des césariennes.
Dans le cadre d’un projet multidisciplinaire (santé publique, mobilisation politique et sociale, anthropologie) d’Amélioration de la QUalité et de l’Accès aux Soins Obstétricaux d’Urgence - le projet AQUASOU (2003-2006) - nous avons pu mettre en œuvre des activités visant à améliorer l’accès à une césarienne de qualité dans le district du Secteur 30) à Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Nous avons mené une étude Avant-Après et utilisé des méthodes d’évaluation mixtes quantitatives et qualitatives pour comprendre dans quelle mesure et comment ce type d’approche globale améliore la qualité de la césarienne. Nous avons utilisé le cadre d’analyse de Dujardin et Delvaux (1998) qui présente les différents déterminants de la césarienne pour organiser et structurer nos résultats. Cette expérience s’étant déroulée dans le cadre d’un projet pilote nous avons également évalué le degré de pérennité du projet AQUASOU quatre ans après sa clôture officielle et analysé sa diffusion au niveau région et national.
Le cadre d’analyse de la césarienne de qualité avec ses quatre piliers (Accès, Diagnostic, Procédure, Soins postopératoires) a permis d’aller au-delà de la simple évaluation de la qualité technique de l’acte césarienne. Il a structuré l’analyse des différentes barrières à l’accès à la césarienne comme par exemple l’acceptabilité des services par la population et le coût de la prise en charge.
L’analyse des discours des femmes césarisées a mis en lumière le sentiment de culpabilité des femmes d’avoir eu une césarienne - ne pas avoir été « une bonne mère » capable d’accoucher normalement. Les questionnements sur la récurrence de la césarienne pour les prochaines grossesses, les dépenses élevées à la charge du ménage, la fatigue physique et les complications médicales possibles après l’opération mettent la femme dans une situation de vulnérabilités plurielles au sein de son couple et de sa famille.
L’évaluation du système de partage des coûts pour les urgences obstétricales mis en place en 2005 dans le district du Secteur 30 a montré qu’il était possible de mobiliser les collectivités locales de la ville et des communes rurales pour la santé des femmes. La levée des barrières financières a pu bénéficier à la fois aux femmes du milieu urbain et rural mais l’écart d’utilisation des services entre le milieu de résidence n’a pas été comblé et cela confirme l’importance des barrières géographiques (distance, route impraticable pendant la saison des pluies, manque de moyen de transport) et socioculturelles.
L’étude sur le rôle des audits cliniques ou revues de cas dans l’amélioration de la qualité des soins a montré que les soignants avaient une bonne connaissance du but de l'audit et qu’ils classaient l'audit comme le premier facteur de changement dans leur pratique, comparé aux staffs matinaux, aux formations et aux guides cliniques. Cependant, l’institutionnalisation des audits se révèle difficile dans un contexte de manque de ressources qui affecte les conditions de travail et dans un environnement peu favorable à la remise en question de sa pratique professionnelle.
L’évaluation de la pérennité du projet pilote quatre ans après la fin du soutien financier et technique montre que les bénéfices pour la population sont toujours là en terme d’accessibilité à la césarienne :coûts directs pour les ménages de 5000 FCFA (US $ 9.8), qualité des soins maintenue avec une diminution de la mortalité périnatale précoce pour les accouchements par césarienne de 3,6% en 2004 à 1,8% en 2008.
\
Doctorat en Sciences de la santé publique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished