Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Santé publique bucco-dentaire'
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Beauroy-Eustache, Hélène. "Considérations sur les pratiques dentaires à la Martinique et aux Antilles, de la période précolombienne à nos jours." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR20091.
Full textHvostoff, Cécile. "Analyse des obstacles représentationnels chez les personnes autonomes concernant leur santé bucco-dentaire Contribution À la conception de modÈle de programme d’Éducation pour la santÉ bucco-dentaire : Contribution à la conception de modèle de programme d’éducation pour la santé bucco-dentaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD032.
Full textPremise: Given the need to develop educational programmes integrated into more generalmodels to promote oral health (Petersen, 2010), we observe that there are few studies on the cognitiverepresentations of the independent elderly on oral health. This observation is made after an qualitative review ofthe literature drawing on the Precede-Proceed model (Green et Kreuter, 1991). The lack of studies on this topicis especially apparent regarding tooth decay, gingivitis, dental mobility, dry mouth and bruxism. Aims: Toidentify the cognitive representations, defined by Meunier (2002), present in oral health behaviour. Method:According to the qualitative method of Grounded theory, the verbatim’s analysis is realized from the codingstage up to the integrating stage (Paillé, 1994). The sample, non-representative, is based on 12 voluntaryrespondents (5 men and 7 women, aged from 66 years to 90 years). The semi-directive interviews are led with aninterview guide based on the reference design of the Health Belief Model. Data includes reported health status,reported description of the respondent and their resources and reported description of their own oral health.Results: The categories of causal attribution and mechanism of appearance include most of cognitiverepresentations, either positive or negative. The respondents express an important proportion of “ I don’t know”regarding diseases in oral health, with the exception of cavities. They do not perceive themselves as sick persons.They define a good oral health only as opposed to poor oral health. Finally, while these topics are not addressedin the interview guide, aesthetics and financial concerns occupy an important place in the discourses.Discussion: These results reveal the representational barriers to improved oral health behaviour and stress thevarious characteristics of it. The results contribute to structuring a relevant educational diagnosis that isnecessary to prior in an education programme. Every health educational programme must include a positive oralhealth definition. Conclusion: There is a need for further research to address the objectives of educationalprogrammes. The main stake is to bring people to adopting knowledge based on reasoning yielding improvedoral health decisions
Beurdeley, Didier. "Carie dentaire et facteurs socio-culturels : éléments d'enquête épidémiologique sur une population d'âge déterminé au Centre de Sélection n° 1 de Vincennes." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07F117.
Full textSimon, Valérie. "Odontologie et univers carcéral." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR20046.
Full textBourgeois, Denis. "Approche économique et anthropologique de l'activité du service de consultations et de traitements dentaires de Lyon." Lyon 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO33017.
Full textThe aim of our study is to define the oro-dental needs of consultees at a dental care hospital centre. An analysis of consumer and producer behaviour is also included. From a representative selection of 320 individuals for 1986, 200 variavles were isolated. Needs appeared numerous (an average of 7 dental treatments per person). For the most part, consultees are young, with a predominance of men and a hight proportion of individuals of north african ethnic origin, associated with low income. Consumption is characterised by its low frequency and its short duration. Symptomatological, emergency treatment predominates. This implies a clear under-production; 90% of centre-activity is related to the dentistry service
Kanoute, Aida. "Poliques, stratégies et perspectives de la recherche en santé bucco-dentaire en Afrique : consultation Delphi, 2012-2013." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10182/document.
Full textThis work is a contribution to the strengthening of research capacity and the identification of strategies and opportunities to promote better research in oral health in Africa through the filing of the notice of a panel of experts at a Delphi consultation. This especially as systems oral health and scientific knowledge evolves rapidly. However, the African continent is facing many challenges, including the burden of oral diseases and the needs of populations that are huge. To meet these challenges care and ask actions effective public health policy makers need tools, skills and information to assess and monitor health needs, choose intervention strategies, policy options appropriate for the design of their own circumstances and improve system performance oral care. In this context, it is necessary to develop a coherent policy approach to oral health in the African Region, but this implies a better knowledge of the situation. For the advancement of Africa depends on its ability to generate, adapt and use scientific knowledge to meet local needs in health and development. That is why there is an urgent need to build the next generation of African scientists. Universities should promote and support research and training so that students are exposed to research and be taught by researchers throughout their courses. The collection of data on oral health is essential to get an accurate picture of the situation in Africa and to measure progress. Thus the objective of this research is to produce the opinion of a panel of experts on various items at a Delphi consultation two phases. In order to assess the current state of research, identify strategies to promote better research in oral health in Africa and prospects for its development. Analyzes give priorities to focus on the actions and involve a number of recommendations to strengthen and promote the capacity of research in oral health. Ultimately, we must promote a culture of research in national programs of oral health, ensure wide dissemination of research results and use them for planning purposes
Tchéré, séka Iphigénie marie-laure. "Surveillance de la santé bucco-dentaire en Afrique : recommandations méthodologiques pour le recueil standard d’informations." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10278.
Full textThis work is a contribution to the activities of the World Health Organization relative to the implementation and the distribution of standard tools in the African countries to reach an efficient integration of the essential oral health indicators in surveillance in African countries. These essentials indicators fit into the objectives of the new millennium and exceed the idea according to which " the social problems have to be developed in an isolated way. To be in phase with this new paradigm, African countries have to face these new approaches which require that efforts be realized in all development sectors. Twenty two indicators recommended by the World Health Organization for the African region give opportunities to improve oral health activities on the national level and develop an integrated community approach which is the more operational for surveillance and prevention of oral diseases. The collect of the indicators in Ivory Coast motivates this study, which results are recorded in this document. The findings are the result of many years of research and practice related to the implementation and development of oral health activities in Côte d'Ivoire. Two questionnaires were evaluated and measure respectively oral health indicators for general population, and for children and teenagers. Analyses conclude in relatively good psychometrics properties, but imply the taking account of many recommendations which aim to increase the validity and the feasibility of these questionnaires in the context of the Côte d'Ivoire. Their generalization in the African region requires future researches in a way of their optimization in an integrated operational community based-approach, and a redefinition of the role of local actors in sanitary district
Diouf, Massamba. "Santé bucco-dentaire et déterminants socio-culturels chez les populations sénégalaises du Ferlo : étude épidémio-anthropologique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5006.
Full textThe objective of this work was to study the oral health and its determinants part and to understand the socio-cultural representations related to dentistry in Fulani populations in the Ferlo. To do this, we conducted a descriptive and cross-sectional study a mixed character with a quantitative and qualitative component 300 people for the quantitative component and 50 for the quality. It was apparent from this study that men were more likely than women with a sex ratio (male/female) 1.2. The average age was 36.13 ±14. Almost half of the sample was breeders and the proportion of persons educated or literate was relatively low (22%). The consumption of milk in liquid form of meat sheep, vegetables or leaves was very frequent. It was the active smoking with the consumption of alcohol commonly referred to as "boulfale" (eau de Cologne between 45 and 90 °) was 11% of the sample. Relation to hygiene practices, 76.3% had no toothbrush while 88.6% used the toothpick at least once per day. The prevalence of dental caries was over 90% and the needs of periodontal treatments were close to 50%. Compared to the General pathologies, 16% of the sample were hypertensive; almost 21 per cent had a declared digestive pathology. More than 70% of the sample (71.3%) were the traditional therapeutic use. The DMFT was associated with the digestive pathology and the types of care used on the age- and sex-adjusted. Periodontal indices were broadly higher in hypertensive patients. On the qualitative level, Ferlo Pulaar felt that dental disease could have a dual causality even if a vast majority originally was a natural
Tapsoba, Hadissa. "Applicabilité internationale et généralisation transculturelle d'instruments de recueil de données pour l'évaluation des systèmes de santé bucco-dentaire." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN11312.
Full textComte, Bruno. "Recherche et développement d'une représentation à objets multipoints de vue dans le cadre de l'assurance qualité en santé bucco-dentaire." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10120.
Full textLaroussi, Msefer Souad. "L' odontologie au Maroc : recherches sur la situation actuelle et évaluation des besoins en traitements bucco-dentaires : après une enquête épidémiologique nationale." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07F071.
Full textAïdara, Adjaratou Wakha. "Qualité des systèmes d'informations appliqués à la cariologie." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10154.
Full textThe caries process concerns all toothed individuals. However, the frequency of caries varies between populations, between individuals and within the same individual over time. A world control of the incidence of caries is however accompanied by many restorations paradoxically growing exponentially. This high rate of coronary reconstruction and recurrent caries called a refinement of the detection and diagnosis in Cariology. Early carious lesions’ detection and the implementation of preventive measures is the new paradigm in dental public health. The decision-Making should be based on quality data, scientifically valid opinions and qualified expertise. At the various levels of decision correspond different needs for information in terms of form, content and availability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the applicability and relevance of the integration of ICDAS index in a database management system especially in the African region. The results will encourage african health systems to invest in research on evidence of effectiveness and cost-Effectiveness of the use of quality information system in the process of political decision-Making and facilitate the emergence of a new paradigm that combines and articulates research policy and practice for the exchange and the application of knowledge
Tavitian, Patrick. "Etat bucco-dentaire et statut nutritionnel chez la personne âgée : étude anthropologique et épidémiologique." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX20687.
Full textBadran, Sahar. "Aspects Ethiques et Juridiques de la prise en charge des Personnes en Situation de Handicap en Odontostomatologie." Paris 8, 2011. http://octaviana.fr/document/165713577#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textCareing of persons in situation of handicap is a priority of public health since a certain number of years. A collective awareness begun through the societies history showing an evolution of the concept of the handicaped person. Indeed, from the vision centred on the medical deficiency, the society preferred the intégrative vision insisting on the residual capacities of these persons in situation of handicap. This evolution is also reflected in the terminology and in the classifications which are tools of study, evaluation and research for the specific needs in this domain. This work tends to highlight the long work of ethical reflections on the subject which actually inspired numerous legal texts in such a degree, that it remains difficult to distinguish clearly the border between both particularly in health matter. We shall see through this study the difficulties of application of these texts. More specifically, in the field of the odontostomatology, who remains the poor relation of the global medical care of the person in situation of handicap. Thus progresses have to be realized as well on the medical plan that on the legal plan for the futur considering the variety of the situations of handicap which we can meet
Inquimbert, Camille. "Caractérisation du microbiome interdentaire des adolescents." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE1026.
Full textDental caries is one of the most common multifactorial chronic diseases in the world. It results from the change in the composition of dental plaque, with a transition from symbiosis to dysbiosis. Our clinical research characterized, qualitatively and quantitatively by real-time chain polymerization reaction, the interdental microbiota of 50 adolescents aged from 15 to 17 years according to the carious risk. Among the 26 pathogens analyzed, none of the cariogenic bacteria tested showed significant differences according to the carious risk. Only 3 bacteria known mainly for their involvement in periodontal diseases (Streptococcus sobrinus, Eikenella corrodens and Tannerella forsythia) were significantly over-expressed in adolescents with high carious risk. These 3 oral bacteria appear as predictive markers of carious risk. Interdental quantification would improve carious risk classifications, prevent early carious lesions and stabilize existing lesions. In addition, some oral pathogens including Eikenella corrodens and Tannerella forsythia are known to be risk factors, aggravating factors and triggers of some systemic diseases. The implementation of daily interdental prophylaxis by using interdental brushes seems essential from adolescence to restore the symbiosis of the microbiota, prevent oral and systemic diseases as we have shown in adults aged 18 to 35 years
Sangare, Abou Dramane. "Comportements en santé orale et déterminants du recours aux soins dans le département de Dabou - Côte d'Ivoire." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845002.
Full textDaou, Dany. "Les déterminants du recours aux soins dentaires chez les adultes libanais." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASR039.
Full textLebanon is no exception to the difficulties associated with oral health care, leading to a prevalence of dental caries that is among the highest in the world. In the past, it was a stable and well-structured country in terms of health, but today it is prey to an unprecedented multifactorial crisis that is jeopardizing its healthcare system. The objectives of this study are to evaluate and characterize the use of dental care in Lebanon in pre- and post-crisis periods (analysis of predisposing, facilitating, reinforcing and forgoing factors), in order to propose solutions for the future.Methodology: A mixed research method was used, combining a qualitative phase to explore the factors influencing dental care use in Lebanon, and a national quantitative phase to enrich the data. Finally, a 3rd quantitative study was carried out to define the determinants of post-crisis dental care use. Analyses were descriptive, bivariate and multivariate.Results: In the pre-crisis period, 23% of Lebanese had given up medical care in the last 12 months for financial reasons, including 58% who had given up dental care. In the post-crisis period, these figures reached 41% and 70% respectively. This use of dental care is affected by patients' knowledge of subjects such as the link between oral health and general health, and the links with risk factors for oral diseases. For 31% of Lebanese in the pre-crisis period, a care plan favored the use of dental care, while this score doubled in the post-crisis period (60%). Pain was the most frequently declared reason for consultation for 53% of Lebanese, and almost 50% of them declared that they resorted to self-treatment, while 36.5% of the population used analgesics without medical advice. In the post-crisis period, the number of consultations for dental pain dropped from 32.8% to 14.6%.In financial terms, we note an evolution, with 14% of respondents in the pre-crisis period considering themselves "comfortable", compared with 5% in the post-crisis period. The cost of treatment thus appears to be a factor limiting access to care. It was mentioned by 30% of pre-crisis respondents and 51% of post-crisis respondents. The influence of cost on utilization was particularly noted among women (p-value=0.007) and the over-65 age group (p-value = 0.02). Fear of the dentist is a factor hindering consultation for 30% of Lebanese. Geographical proximity was mentioned as a facilitating factor, with an incidence of 19% pre-crisis and 30% post-crisis. The COVID-19 pandemic was cited as a hindering factor by 18% of respondents. The multi-varied approach shows that, in the pre-crisis period, 3 factors had a significant impact on people giving up dental care. These were the existence of social security coverage (OR=0.492; p=0.003; [CI=0.38-0.786]), the cost of treatment (OR=0.279; p<0.001; [CI=0.181-0.430]) and a behavioral factor, represented by the perception of the dentist's qualities (OR=0.531; p=0.015; [CI=0.319-0.883]). In the post-crisis period, the 3 above-mentioned factors gave way to a single criterion, which is now the level of family income (OR=0.54; p=0.02; [CI=0.33-0.90]).Discussion: Our results show that the use of dental care in Lebanon is insufficient, and can be explained in different ways (cost of care, patient education...). On the other hand, the economic crisis that has affected the country for several years is limiting its ability to revive its healthcare system. It is therefore becoming urgent to propose a national strategy based on the 5 axes of the Ottawa Charter to improve it. In the absence of such a strategy, and given the factors weighing on the country (demographic, economic, migratory factors, etc.), the situation will continue to deteriorate inexorably
Soares, Paula de Lima. "Les facteurs psychologiques impliqués lors des soins dentaires aux enfants brésiliens." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/146284402#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe implication of psychological aspects related to dental consultations constitutes an important topic regarding pediatric dentistry, and to this specific health care situation the Brazilian context figures as the research field. According to the principles of behavioral dentistry, it is essential to search for factors that might influence dental anxiety in order to better understand the reactions of the patient, his parents and even the doctor's. These conditions of treatment depend on the quality of the relationship between the professional and the patient. This thesis explores the reactions of Brazilian children, of favored and non-favored socioeconomic conditions during dentistry treatment. Furthermore, the attitudes of the parents in relation to their children's health care and suffering were analyzed. Therefore, webelieve that the childrens' reactions and their parents' attitudes regarding health care are guided by beliefs. The data collected observing the children's behavior through the video recording of the consultations and the utilization of the Frankl scale, as well as the interviews with the children's parents shows that: -In the first the place, that there is a significant influence of the parents' beliefs, especially among the patients of the less favored group; - the reactions of the children demonstrate a positive and collaborative behavior; -and Finally, that it is important to differentiate the aspects that lead the patients to have negative reactions during the consultation: the experience of a previous chronic disease and socioeconomic context appear to as an important aspect regarding the compliance of the patient and his family. The methodological, theoretical and clinic implications of these original results were discussed during the dentistry treatment
CHAULIAC, BUONO MARIE-JOSE. "Methodologie d'un programme de sante publique applique a l'hygiene bucco-dentaire." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE6046.
Full textDenis, Frédéric. "Déterminants et perception de la santé orale des patients schizophrènes en Côte d'Or." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCE006/document.
Full textBackground: Schizophrenia is a disease that affects 1 % of the world population. Persons with schizophrenia (PWS) are exposed to excess morbidity and mortality. Poor oral health among PWS is often observed by caregivers and accompanying persons. The objective of our study was to explore predictive factors, representations and perceptions of oral health among PWS and to construct a specific oral health quality of life scale for PWS.Methods: In a randomly selected, representative sample of 109 PWS in the Côte d’Or Department, we recorded socio-demographic, dental, and medical and lifestyle factors associated with oral health. An evaluation of the psychometric characteristics of the Global Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) scale was also performed, as well as a qualitative study based on semi-directive interviews with 20 PWS and 6 carers. Two focus groups (4 patients and 4 carers) enabled investigation of the perceptions and representations of oral health among PWS and building the first draft prototype of a specific tool to assess oral health quality of life of PWS.Results: Among 109 patients included, 61.5% were male, and average age was 46.8 ± 12.0 years. The majority (78%) had secondary level education and 79.8% received ambulatory care. The mean duration of schizophrenia was 17.9 ± 9.4 years, and 55.5% were taking several medications. The average DMFT (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth) was 16.6 ± 8.1. There was a significant relationship between level of education and oral health, lifestyle, medical conditions, polypharmacy and DMI. Concerning the psychometric validation of the GOHAI, internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach α = 0.82). The intraclass correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability were not significantly different (p> 0.05). Construct validity was supported by three factors which accounted for 60.94% of the variance observed. Predictive and concurrent validity were validated. The qualitative study yielded 3245 candidate verbatims for the development of a new scale, namely the SOHP, Schizophrenia Oral Health Perception Profile. Successive selections of items from the expert panel decision criteria and based on a feasibility study in 30 patients resulted in a scale comprising 43 items and one additional module of 11 items.Conclusion: We show the intricate links existing between mental and physical, oral and general health and the GOHAI validity in PWS. Further research is necessary to validate the psychometric properties of the SOHP scale in a larger population
Pichot, Hélène. "Elaboration d'un programme de promotion de la santé orale en Nouvelle-Calédonie." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF1DD02.
Full textThe World Health Organization and the World Dental Federation are calling for decades governments to unite actions to prevent oral diseases and chronic diseases. Curriculum development of health promotion programs should be based on prior identification of needs. The objective of this work is to gather the information needed to set up a program to promote oral health in New Caledonia. Initially, dental status and the social, environmental and behavioral determinants that are related to oral health were assessed in a representative sample of children aged 6, 9 and 12 years schooled in New Caledonia. Secondly, common determinants for oral and metabolic diseases were investigated in pre-teens, to verify the relevance of targeted preventive approach by common risk factors. In addition, as part of this investigation, the assessment of oral health related quality of life was necessary. For this, the questionnaire Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) was validated in a suitable French version for New Caledonia as part of this work. Finally, taking into account the results of these evaluations and recommendations for health promotion, this work proposes an oral health promotion program to be integrated with existing programs in New Caledonia