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Journal articles on the topic 'SAPPhIRE Model of Causality'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Bhatt, Apoorv Naresh, Anubhab Majumder, and Amaresh Chakrabarti. "Analyzing the modes of reasoning in design using the SAPPhIRE model of causality and the Extended Integrated Model of Designing." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 35, no. 4 (2021): 384–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060421000214.

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AbstractLiterature suggests that people typically understand knowledge by induction and produce knowledge by synthesis. This paper revisits the various modes of reasoning – explanatory abduction, innovative abduction, deduction, and induction – that have been proposed by earlier researchers as crucial modes of reasoning underlying the design process. First, our paper expands earlier work on abductive reasoning – an essential mode of reasoning involved in the process of synthesis – by understanding its role with the help of the “SAPPhIRE” model of causality. The explanations of abductive reason

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2

Sartori, Julian, Ujjwal Pal, and Amaresh Chakrabarti. "A methodology for supporting “transfer” in biomimetic design." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 24, no. 4 (2010): 483–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060410000351.

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AbstractBiomimetics involves transfer from one or more biological examples to a technical system. This study addresses four questions. What are the essential steps in a biomimetic process? What is transferred? How can the transferred knowledge be structured in a way useful for biologists and engineers? Which guidelines can be given to support transfer in biomimetic design processes? In order to identify the essential steps involved in carrying out biomimetics, several procedures found in the literature were summarized, and four essential steps that are common across these procedures were ident

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3

Bhattacharya, Kausik, and Amaresh Chakrabarti. "A KNOWLEDGE GRAPH AND RULE BASED REASONING METHOD FOR EXTRACTING SAPPHIRE INFORMATION FROM TEXT." Proceedings of the Design Society 3 (June 19, 2023): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2023.23.

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AbstractRepresentation of design information using causal ontologies is very effective for creative ideation in product design. Hence researchers created databases with models of engineering and biological systems using causal ontologies. Manually building many models using technical documents requires significant effort by specialists. Researchers worked on the automatic extraction of design information leveraging the computational techniques of Machine Learning. But these methods are data intensive, have manual touch points and have not yet reported the end-to-end performance of the process.

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4

Srinivasan, V., and Amaresh Chakrabarti. "Investigating novelty–outcome relationships in engineering design." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 24, no. 2 (2010): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s089006041000003x.

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AbstractDesign creativity involves developing novel and useful solutions to design problems. The research in this article is an attempt to understand how novelty of a design resulting from a design process is related to the kind of outcomes, described here as constructs, involved in the design process. A model of causality, the SAPPhIRE model, is used as the basis of the analysis. The analysis is based on previous research that shows that designing involves development and exploration of the seven basic constructs of the SAPPhIRE model that constitute the causal connection between the various

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Chakrabarti, Amaresh, V. Srinivasan, B. S. C. Ranjan, and Udo Lindemann. "A case for multiple views of function in design based on a common definition." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 27, no. 3 (2013): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060413000279.

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AbstractFunctions are important in designing. However, several issues hinder progress with the understanding and usage of functions: lack of a clear and overarching definition of function, lack of overall justifications for the inevitability of the multiple views of function, and scarcity of systematic attempts to relate these views with one another. To help resolve these, the objectives of this research are to propose a common definition of function that underlies the multiple views in literature and to identify and validate the views of function that are logically justified to be present in

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6

Finkbeiner, Bernd, and Andrey Kupriyanov. "Causality-based Model Checking." Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science 259 (October 10, 2017): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4204/eptcs.259.3.

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7

Iwasaki, Yumi, and Herbert A. Simon. "Causality and model abstraction." Artificial Intelligence 67, no. 1 (1994): 143–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(94)90014-0.

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8

Gibbons, G. W. "Causality and the Skyrme model." Physics Letters B 566, no. 1-2 (2003): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(03)00384-8.

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9

Lee, Hyun Seop, and Taek Yung Lee. "Material Removal Model of Lap Grinding for Sapphire Substrate Based on Roughness Parameters." Materials Science Forum 890 (March 2017): 384–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.890.384.

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Sapphire is one of difficult-to-machine materials because of its high hardness and brittleness. It can be used for an optical window or cover named as sapphire glass and a substrate for semiconductor circuits. Before preparing the required surface roughness of sapphire substrate, the geometrical shape should be retained through mechanical machining processes. The lapping and diamond mechanical polishing (DMP) are essentially used for achieving the required thickness and surface roughness of sapphire substrate prior to chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). In this study, we introduce a lap grind

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10

Martinussen, Torben. "Causality and the Cox Regression Model." Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application 9, no. 1 (2022): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-statistics-040320-114441.

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This article surveys results concerning the interpretation of the Cox hazard ratio in connection to causality in a randomized study with a time-to-event response. The Cox model is assumed to be correctly specified, and we investigate whether the typical end product of such an analysis, the estimated hazard ratio, has a causal interpretation as a hazard ratio. It has been pointed out that this is not possible due to selection. We provide more insight into the interpretation of hazard ratios and differences, investigating what can be learned about a treatment effect from the hazard ratio approac

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11

Sun, R. "A neural network model of causality." IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 5, no. 4 (1994): 604–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/72.298230.

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12

Benedetti, Dario, and Joe Henson. "Imposing causality on a matrix model." Physics Letters B 678, no. 2 (2009): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2009.06.027.

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13

Baghli, Mustapha. "A model-free characterization of causality." Economics Letters 91, no. 3 (2006): 380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2005.12.016.

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14

Heckman, James J. "1. The Scientific Model of Causality." Sociological Methodology 35, no. 1 (2005): 1–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0081-1750.2006.00164.x.

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15

Sobel, Michael E. "Discussion: ‘The Scientific Model of Causality’." Sociological Methodology 35, no. 1 (2005): 99–133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0081-1750.2006.00165.x.

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16

Krivulin, N. O., D. A. Pavlov, and P. A. Shilyaev. "Growth model of silicon nanoislands on sapphire." Semiconductors 47, no. 12 (2013): 1595–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063782613120117.

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17

Pogatshnik, G. J., Y. Chen, and B. D. Evans. "A Model of Lattice Defects in Sapphire." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 34, no. 6 (1987): 1709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.1987.4337541.

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18

Zulfikar, Akbar Lufi, and Muh Shadiqul Fajri AF. "Causality Analysis of The Money Supply and Interest Rate and Its Effect on Inflation and Investment in Indonesia." Es Economics and Entrepreneurship 1, no. 03 (2023): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.58812/esee.v1i03.71.

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This study aims to determine the effect of the money supply and interest rates on inflation and investment in Indonesia without using causality and using causality. In this study, the type of data used was secondary data from 2006 to 2017. The analysis tools used were Path. Money supply without using causality or using causality has a positive and significant effect on inflation in Indonesia. Interest rates without using causality or using causality have a positive and significant effect on investment in Indonesia. Inflation without using causality or using causality has a negative and signifi

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19

Mahadevan, Sridhar. "Universal Causality." Entropy 25, no. 4 (2023): 574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25040574.

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Universal Causality is a mathematical framework based on higher-order category theory, which generalizes previous approaches based on directed graphs and regular categories. We present a hierarchical framework called UCLA (Universal Causality Layered Architecture), where at the top-most level, causal interventions are modeled as a higher-order category over simplicial sets and objects. Simplicial sets are contravariant functors from the category of ordinal numbers Δ into sets, and whose morphisms are order-preserving injections and surjections over finite ordered sets. Non-random interventions

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20

Kageyama, Chika, Kohki Monna, Hui Deng, Katsuyoshi Endo, and Kazuya Yamamura. "Study on Removal Mechanism of Sapphire in Plasma Assisted Polishing." Advanced Materials Research 1136 (January 2016): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1136.317.

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A sapphire substrate is essential for epitaxial growth of GaN, which is used for high brightness light-emitting diodes (LEDs), high-power and high-frequency devices. However, the material removal rate (MRR) of sapphire in conventional polishing is very low because of its high hardness and chemical inertness. We proposed application of plasma assisted polishing using a resin-bonded silica grinding stone for finishing of sapphire surface and investigated basic removal properties. The results of a ball-on-disc type test results showed that irradiation of water vapor containing atmospheric pressur

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21

Eveland, William P., Dhavan V. Shah, and Nojin Kwak. "Assessing Causality in the Cognitive Mediation Model." Communication Research 30, no. 4 (2003): 359–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093650203253369.

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22

Sakakura, Moriaki, and Ichiro Inasaki. "An Adaptive Causality Model of Grinding Process." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 59, no. 567 (1993): 3555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.59.3555.

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23

Urbain, J. P. "Model selection criteria and granger causality tests." Economics Letters 29, no. 4 (1989): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(89)90209-7.

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24

Klunnikova, Yulia, Sergey Malyukov, Alexandr Sayenko, and Alexey V. Filimonov. "An Analysis Approach to the Sapphire Crystals Growth by Horizontal Directed Crystallization Method." Key Engineering Materials 806 (June 2019): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.806.203.

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The model for sapphire crystals growth parameters estimation has been suggested. It can be served as a basis for the analysis of heat transfer processes during sapphire crystals obtaining. It allows to predict the bubbles, stresses and cracks appearing during sapphire crystals growth. We describe the results of the analysis and parameters estimation of sapphire crystals growth on all stages by horizontal directed crystallization method.

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25

Lu, Cong Da, Dong Min Qian, and Shao Fei Jiang. "Material Removal Model of Sapphire Substrate in Double-Side Lapping Process." Key Engineering Materials 407-408 (February 2009): 460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.407-408.460.

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The material removal mechanisms of sapphire substrate in double-side lapping process were studied. The concepts of brittle vs. ductile machining and two-body vs. three-body abrasion were used to classify the processing mechanisms. The material removal models of double-side lapping process in different mechanisms were analyzed and researched. The experiment showed that the material removal model can describe double-side lapping process of sapphire qualitatively.

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26

Hasbullah, Endang Soeryana, Endang Rusyaman, and Alit Kartiwa. "THE GARCH MODEL VOLATILITY OF SHARIA STOCKS ASSOCIATED CAUSALITY WITH MARKET INDEX." International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling 1, no. 1 (2020): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46336/ijqrm.v1i1.3.

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the volatility of Islamic stocks related to the causality of the composite stock price index (CSPI). The aim is to investigate the causality of several levels of stock returns with the movement of the CSPI, and determine its volatility as a measure of risk. To determine the causality relationship is done by using the granger causality test method, with Vector Autoregressive (VAR) modeling. Whereas to determine the volatility is done using the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastisiy (GARCH) model approach. The results of the causality tes

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27

Jose, Babu, and Daniel Lazar. "Causality between Indian Futures and Cash Markets - Analysis with Granger Causality Block Exogenity Model." Asian Business Review 5, no. 3 (2015): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/abr.v5i3.590.

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28

Jose, Babu, and Daniel Lazar. "Causality between Indian Futures and Cash Markets - Analysis with Granger Causality Block Exogenity Model." Asian Business Review 5, no. 3 (2015): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/abr.v5i3.61.

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29

Olomola, PA. "The FDI-growth hypothesis: A VAR model for Nigeria." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 7, no. 1 (2004): 170–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v7i1.1435.

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The objective of this study was to examine the causal relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth in Nigeria using annual data covering the period 1970 to 2002. The study employed the Granger causality procedure to test the direction of causality between foreign direct investment and economic growth for the Nigerian economy. The endogenous production function was derived to accommodate foreign investment and other domestic policies that could influence growth and foreign investment. The study found a one-way causality between from foreign direct investment to economic gr

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30

Li, Yang, and Guorong Wu. "Anisotropic Analysis of Etch Rates for Sapphire Based on a Layer-by-Layer Removal Model of Surface Atoms." Processes 11, no. 4 (2023): 1290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11041290.

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In this paper, a layer-by-layer removal model of surface atoms (Al) is established according to the atomic structure of sapphire, which can accurately calculate etch rates of crystal planes and analyze the anisotropy of etch rates of sapphire. Firstly, etch rate distributions of sapphire are gained through different etching experiments of sapphire hemispheres, and the effect of concentrations of the etching solution on etch rate distributions are analyzed. Then, different types of surface atoms are classified based on the types of chemical bonds of surface atoms, the arrangement laws of surfac

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31

Walach, Harald. "Does Science have to be Causal in Order to be Science? Reflections on Nina Azari's Questions." Archive for the Psychology of Religion 31, no. 3 (2009): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/008467209x12499946199489.

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Nina Azari in her commentary on our article in this issue “Spirituality: The Legacy of Parapsychology” has raised the issue of what it actually takes for something to be called science. Does causality come into the picture? If so, how does causality relate to our non-local model that seems to explicitly eschew the question of causality? The answer lies in what one is willing to accept as causality. If causality can be conceived broader than just efficient-mechanistic causality then certainly our model is causal. If one insists on efficient-mechanistic causality as the only and truly scientific

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32

Qamruzzaman, Md, and Jianguo Wei. "Financial Innovation, Stock Market Development, and Economic Growth: An Application of ARDL Model." International Journal of Financial Studies 6, no. 3 (2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs6030069.

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This study aims to explore the relationship between economic growth, financial innovation, and stock market development of Bangladesh for the period 1980–2016. To investigate long-run cointegration, this study used the autoregressive distributed lagged (ARDL) bounds testing approach. In addition, the Granger-causality test is used to identify directional causality between research variables under the error correction term. Study findings from the ARDL bound testing approach confirm the existence of a long-run association between financial innovation, stock market development, and economic grow

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33

Sarwoko, Sarwoko. "The Role of the Tourism Sector on Employment Opportunities in Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 15, no. 1 (2014): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v15i1.115.

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The objective of this paper are to examine the long run effects of tourism receipt and national real product domestic bruto on the employment in Indonesia and the causality relationship among those variables in a multivariate model using annual data spanning 1980-2011. To test the unit root, we employed ADF and PP tests. To test cointegration we used Johansen dan Joselius model (1990) and to test the direction of the causality relationship we used Ngranger causality with VECM or Wald Block Exogeneity test. The empirical findings show that the long run equilibrium exists among those variabels a

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34

Austriaco, Nicanor P. G. "Causality Within Complexity." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 11, no. 1 (1999): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis1999111/27.

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By nature, every man is a philosopher who continuously seeks explanations for both the universe and the human condition. In the modern era, scientific explanations based on the scientific method and its accompanying philosophical framework of quantification, naturalism, and reductionism have obscured other approaches to explaining the world. Curiously, the emerging science of complexity and complex systems is challenging scientists to develop a more holistic approach to nature. The resulting more comprehensive view of nature combines traditional modeling based on the scientific method and empi

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35

Debbi, Hichem, and Mustapha Bourahla. "Generating Diagnoses for Probabilistic Model Checking Using Causality." Journal of Computing and Information Technology 21, no. 1 (2013): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2498/cit.1002115.

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36

Wolf, Karsten. "Interleaving Based Model Checking of Concurrency and Causality." Fundamenta Informaticae 161, no. 4 (2018): 423–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-2018-1709.

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37

Kim, Hyeong-Chan, Jae-Weon Lee, and Jungjai Lee. "Causality problem in a holographic-dark-energy model." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 102, no. 2 (2013): 29001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/102/29001.

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38

HAQUE, ASRARUL, and SATISH D. JOGLEKAR. "Causality in 1+1-dimensional Yukawa model-II." Pramana 81, no. 4 (2013): 569–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12043-013-0602-8.

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39

Berndsen, R., and H. Daniels. "Qualitative Dynamics and Causality in a Keynesian Model." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 22, no. 5 (1989): 513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)53497-7.

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40

Berndsen, Ron, and Hennie Daniels. "Qualitative dynamics and causality in a Keynesian model." Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 14, no. 2 (1990): 435–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1889(90)90028-f.

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41

Crane, M., J. G. Byrne, T. Glynn, and J. T. Boyle. "Causality and the Complex Modulus Model of Damping." ZAMM - Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 75, no. 10 (1995): 807–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zamm.19950751019.

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42

Yan, Fengxiao, Bo Shen, and Chenyang Dai. "Causality Extraction Cascade Model Based on Dual Labeling." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 27, no. 3 (2023): 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2023.p0421.

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Causal relation extraction is a crucial task in natural language processing. Current extraction methods have problems, including low accuracy of causal-event division and incorrect extraction of important semantic features. This study uses the bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) and attentive convolutional neural network (ACNN) models to construct a cascaded causal relationship extraction model to improve the precision of the extraction. The model uses two kinds of labels and then divides the causal event boundary after determining the relationship between the front and rear causal e

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43

Lahaie, D. J., G. G. Timmins, and J. D. Embury. "Internal stress measurements in a model Cu-sapphire composite." Scripta Materialia 40, no. 6 (1999): 751–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6462(98)00447-3.

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44

Howes, R., W. Redman-White, K. G. Nichols, S. J. Murray, and P. J. Mole. "Silicon-on-sapphire MOSFET model for analogue circuit simulation." IEE Proceedings G Circuits, Devices and Systems 139, no. 1 (1992): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-g-2.1992.0007.

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45

He, Xiao Ying, and Hui Zhou. "Investment Analysis of Electricity Industry Based on Cointegration Model." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 2400–2405. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.2400.

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By undertaking the cointegration theory with annual data over the period 1978-2008 in China, empirical studies on the relationship among power investment, electricity consumption and economic growth is carried out, and long-term equilibrium model and short-term vector error correction model are established; Granger causality test indicates that power investment is not the Granger causality of electricity consumption, while there exists bidirectional Granger causalities between electricity consumption and economic growth.

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46

Kanevskiy, Vladimir Mikhaylovich, Ilya Alekseyevich Tarakanov, and Vladimir Anatol'yevich Fedorov. "Mathematical model of radiation-induced conductivity in sapphire with electron-phonon interaction." Keldysh Institute Preprints, no. 15 (2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/prepr-2022-15.

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The mathematical model of radiative conductivity in crystalline sapphire under the action of X-rays is constructed. The model consists of kinetic equations for photons, fast electrons and conduction electrons and self-consistent Maxwell equations. The frequencies of conduction electrons scattering by acoustic and optical phonons are calculated. The model was verified by calculating the leakage current in the sapphire detector and comparing the current with experimental data. The analysis of the calculated physical quantities and the approximations adopted in the course of the calculation is ca

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47

Chen, Ming, Lei Xie, and Hongye Su. "Detection and Location of Model-Plant Mismatch in Multiple Input Multiple Output Systems under Model Predictive Controller Using Granger Causality Method." Processes 9, no. 11 (2021): 1976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9111976.

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In closed-loop control systems, the model accuracy exerts large influences on the controllability, stability and quality of the whole process. Among all the faults that could affect the system performance, Model Plant Mismatch (MPM) is the one that not only directly threatens the system stability but also deteriorates the controller performance. Meanwhile, MPM has a major influence on the qualities of outputs about industrial products. In this work, a new detection method based on Granger Causality is proposed to detect and locate the MPM in multiple input multiple output systems. Causality ca

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48

Faizin, Moh. "Penerapan Vector Error Correction Model pada Variabel Makro Ekonomi di Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi 25, no. 2 (2020): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/je.v25i2.671.

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In this time, the countries can be said to be in a good condition of the national economy if there are some indicators in positive economic macro, it is including the decline of inflation, the amount of money circulating is also decline, and the exchange rate strengthening against foreign currencies and reduced interest rates. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causality and cointegration relationships of economic macro variables, by using time series data for 2010-2019 and using the VECM model. The results of the study found that there is no causality relationship between inflation a

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49

Katoch, Rupinder, and Shilpa Shilpa. "Cointegration between Nifty 50 Spot and Future Indices: An Empirical Analysis Applying Vector Error Correction Model." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 10, no. 12 (2022): 168–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v10i12.5933.

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This paper aims to investigate the cointegration of the spot market and future indices (NIFTY, NIKKEI, S&P 500 AND Singapore FTSE) of selected developed and developing nations from January 2011 to December, 2021. The Johansen cointegration test, Granger Causality Test, and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) are all used to gauge the degree of cointegration. The study's empirical findings support the hypothesis that there is cointegration between the spot market and future market indices of selected global markets. Comparative Granger tests for causality using the error correction model a

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50

Liu, Ying, and Selin Aviyente. "Quantification of Effective Connectivity in the Brain Using a Measure of Directed Information." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/635103.

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Effective connectivity refers to the influence one neural system exerts on another and corresponds to the parameter of a model that tries to explain the observed dependencies. In this sense, effective connectivity corresponds to the intuitive notion of coupling or directed causal influence. Traditional measures to quantify the effective connectivity include model-based methods, such as dynamic causal modeling (DCM), Granger causality (GC), and information-theoretic methods. Directed information (DI) has been a recently proposed information-theoretic measure that captures the causality between

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