Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sarre (Allemagne) – Histoire – 20e siècle'
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Cormier, Yannick. "Im Spiegel der Parteipresse : la perception de la dénazification par les partis politiques sarrois : 1946-1947." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24838/24838.pdf.
Full textFortounatto-Behr, Alexandra. "Les réfugiés russes en Allemagne : 1918-1925, histoire d'un accueil forcé." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100067.
Full textDrawing upon previously unexplored archival sources, this thesis studies the history of Russian emigration in Germany (1917-1925) and deals with two main themes : presentation of the camps of refugees as temporary rest centers and analysis of the evolution of German politics concerning the reception of the Russian diaspora. Composed of three parts this study presents first of all the history of migrations between Russia and Germany in order to understand better the ebb and flow of migrants between this two countries and the effects it had on the Russian migratory logic towards Germany after the Revolution. The second part focuses on the social aspect of this diaspora in Germany and especially on the community that found refuge in the camps, and introduces the idea of the "Russia abroad" which developed from that situation. The last part analyses the policy of the German government towards Russian emigration and the measures taken to settle the problems caused by this emigration
Herlem, Didier. "Féminisme et antiféminisme en Allemagne : étude de l'évolution des rapports hommes-femmes du début du XIXème siècle à nos jours." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040105.
Full textConceived as a study of German society, the present work analyses the evolution of the relationships between men and women since the industrial revolution, and the parallel rise of a new social logic centered on the individual. It therefore enlightens both the specifity of the German reaction in front of the emergence of modern values, and the universal problem of having to reconsider the ancient codes: the respective role and status of men and women in society together with their functions in production and reproduction, the social discriminations and hierarchies, all show in a concrete and symbolic way how difficult it is for mankind to conciliate difference and identity. The sexual cleavage, one of the primary divisions of human society, is a good illustration of this fact. Even though it acts in an unobtrusive way - which is generally ignored, it emerges as a determining factor of history. The present research bearing on two centuries or so, is articulated on three main points: the ideological debate between feminism and antifeminism; the different policies of German governments till the time of reunification; the consequences of both these former factors on people's lives in their conditions of living, mentalities and behaviors. It reveals the singularity and intensity of the debates that agitated - and agitate - Germany, the astonishing range of the political measures adopted, and shows that the problem is still unsolved today. The German experience, alone of its kind and exemplary, leads us to ponder the validity of productivism as the law of the modern world and to appreciate the importance of some economic, ecological, and demographic problems which greatly influence the future of human societies
Hallair, Gaëlle Frédérique. "Histoire croisée entre les géographes français et allemands de la première moitié du XXe siècle : la géographie du paysage (Landschaftkunde) en question." Paris 1, 2010. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01730408.
Full textLiszka, Arnaud. "Protestantisme et politique en République démocratique allemande : L'Eglise luthérienne de Saxe et le mouvement pacifiste, 1978-1989." Paris, EPHE, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPHE5050.
Full textSchneider, Marie-Alexandra. "Desseins politiques. Représentations iconographiques de la France en Sarre (1945-1956)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040104.
Full textIn the wake of World War II, the Saar was subjected to a specific treatment from the victors. Separated from the French zone of occupation, the territory is managed in autonomy and is economically tied with France from the end of 1947. Ten years later, the Saar returns to Germany. During this first post-war decade, perception of France changes. With the years passing by and depending on the local political forces, official or dissidents ones, France embodies both the face of the liberator and the invader, the partner and the enemy, the protector and the exploiter. France’s image turns into a conflict of representations, which will affect the campaign of the 1955 referendum. This is the main subject of this thesis. In order to determine the way France was depicted in the Saar between 1945 and 1956, we will establish two directions: we will analyse on one hand the depictions France carried out, with the help of the powers in place in the Saar, to subserve its political ambitions. On the other hand, we will study the dissident depictions published by those in favour of a return to Germany to end the special regime that had been in place since the end of the war. Taking into consideration that visual images nourish mental images, we will study iconographic depictions used in the communications means of the time, press and posters essentially, that circulated in the Saar between the arrival of the French troops in Sarrebruck and the end of this period of autonomy
Zinkhofer, Sabina Maria. "Économie et nation : les deux visions de la pensée économique allemande, de F. List à nos jours." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997IEPP0010.
Full textThe economic thought takes form, during the chosen period (from F. List, who elucidates the links between nation and economics, to present days) inside the specific political, economic and philosophical context of a nation not yet formed. The present thesis argues that in spite of roots in common, this thought can be divided into a dualist vision of economics and nation determinated by historical constraints, and a reconcilatory vision which progresses towards the loosening of these constraints and elaborating the desired order - one which seeks to equilibrate idea and reality, the spiritual and the material. Eventually, the different visions of man in history are responsable for the different concepts of economics and nation, the ways proposed to realise the desired society and the constitutional choices for its integration. This proposition will be backed up by the analysis of representative systems of economic thought : - first, the main philosophical aspects, to discern the ethical "stakes" of this thought : Kant, Fichte, Hegel, Nietzsche, the "neo - kantian and critical historical" philosophy, the School of Frankfurt, Habermas; - next, economic thought, from List to the period of national socialisme : Bismarck and conservative thought, list, Schmoller, Sombart, Weber (the historical school of "Nationalokonomie"), Marx and Bernstein, representing the two branches of socialist thought ; - finally, the theories of Eucken (the "ordo - liberalisme") and Glotz, representing contemporary social democratic thought. We shall examine the potential viability of the elaborated order models, especially by analysing the compatibility of the proposed concepts and the relation between the economic and political order. Their ethical foundations will be made clear to establish the link between the vision of man and that of economics and nation. The conclusion will regroup the analysis of the differents systems of economic thought into either a dualist or a reconciling vision
Maurer, Catherine. "Le catholicisme caritatif dans l'Allemagne du XXe siècle : le Deutscher Caristaverband entre affirmation confessionnelle et exigence scientifique." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040118.
Full textThe deutscher caritasverband emerged at the end of the nineteenth century thanks to the fertilizing influence of catholic charitable practices and the help of catholic associations. Its growth was slow until 1914; nonetheless, in this early period, this caritative organization appealed to an elite catholic audience and defined the two fundamental principles that were to guide its actions: denominational affirmation and scientific exigences. The First World War and the ecclesiastical and state recognitions that this brought enabled the deutscher caritasverband to expand, becoming by the end of the Weimar period one of the most powerful German private charitable organizations. During this period of change, the two founding principles of its activities were preserved, but the competition that developed in social welfare eireles and the process of institutionalization that affected the organization represented a threat to the maintenance of its functional specificity in the world of German social welfare
Briatte-Peters, Anne-Laure. "Citoyennes sous tutelle : le mouvement féministe « radical » dans l’Allemagne wilhelmienne : présupposés, enjeux, stratégies." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA1066.
Full textThis doctoral thesis aims to grasp the stakes in the « radical » women’s movement in Wilhelmine Germany. To this end, it works out the theoretical presuppositions and the strategies of action of this social movement. The goal of this research is to make visible the multiple forms of political intervention of women who were involved in their century. In spite of a context little favourable to the expression of a woman’s political opinion, the « radical » feminists longed to take part in progress and to contribute to answering the questions raised by the rise of modern times. How were the genuine feminist struggles of the « radical » women’s movement in Germany linked with its political project regarding the whole German society? This question sets the framework of our investigation. The central press organ of the title Frauenbewegung. Revue für die Interessen der Frauen, published by Minna Cauer during a quarter of a century, constitutes the main item in the corpus of sources. The analysis of the forming « radical » women’s movement places this social movement in its discursive context and draws first items of a strategy derived from social, ethical and anthropological stakes. Representations of state, citizenship and autonomy of the individual are hinted at in its first struggles and take shape at the climax of the « radical » women’s movement, where its main activists were striving to assert their right to be involved in deciding in Germany’s policies. The last part of this investigation analyses and explains the decline of the « radical » women’s movement before and during the First World War and points out the ideal legacy of this movement after its disbanding in 1919
Doré, Pier-Alexandre. "La chimère polonaise : la social-démocratie allemande et la Question polonaise au cours de la Première Guerre mondiale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66445.
Full textInherited from the 19th century, the Polish Question was one of the major challenges of the internal policies of the German Empire at the turn of the century. Far from admitting defeat,the Polish national minority, marginalized and targeted by assimilation policies, remains an object of concern which increases with the First World War. Amidst tensions between theGerman state and its Polish citizens, the German social democratic movement is gradually integrating socio-political debates concerning the Polish problems of East Prussia. Faced with domestic and foreign political environments dependent on the throes of war, the SocialDemocrats are struggling to impose their visions on the future of German-Polish communities.Repeated foreign interventions, the implosion of the social democratic movement, the Peace of Brest-Litovsk, military defeats and the German and Polish revolutions ultimately mark the failure of the German social democracy’s polish program. In many ways, the First World Warand the management of the Polish national minority in Germany desired by the SocialDemocrats marked the end of a chapter for Polish-German relations. At the end of the conflict,the German defeat and the new social-democratic government set the stage for years of PolishGerman competition, which can be seen in the numerous conflicts marking the years of theInterwar period.
Fiegle, Thomas. "Von der 'Solidarité' zur 'Solidarität' : der Transfer eines politisch-sozialen Grundbegriffs von Frankreich nach Deutschland (19. und 20. Jahrhundert)." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHESA119.
Full textThe word ‘Solidarität’ is part, in German, of the traditional key words in politics and society. But in spite – or just because – of its inflationist use in political and social discourse, the concept’s meaning is very ambiguous. In order to clarify the concept, it is necessary to reconstruct it from both a historical and a critical point of view. Such a reconstruction is impossible, however, if the genesis of the concept ‘solidarité’ in France, as well as the conditions and prerequisites of what we call the concept’s ‘transfer process’ from France to Germany isn’t taken into account. The present work combines therefore the method of the ‘history of concept’ (Begriffsgeschichte), as it has been developed especially by R. Koselleck, with the theory of ‘cultural transfer’ (M. Werner/M. Espagne). That allows to find a horizon of philosophical sense which the two at the same time distinct and interrelated ‘histories of concept’ have in common
Molinet, Marylin Anne-Laure. "L'art de la crise : étude comparative sur la fonction et la réception de l'Art aux 19e et 20e siècles : france-Allemagne : arts plastiques, littérature." Thesis, Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ007L.
Full textThis research concerns the many multiple artistic ans philosophical innovations produced by the early german Romanticism inside of the Athenaeum cercle, first avant-gardist group of modern art, in the fields of literature and visual arts. The exigence to introduice modern art in the concept of education (Bildung) represents a crucial step, as well as the question of experimentation, and the autonomy of the work. The long-lasting refusal to promote modern art in France, and the reasons of this reject (strong centralism, but also denegation of teaching skills), are explained, as well as the lateness in a lot of museographic and didactic, by museums done, investigations. Exceptional case of the museum in Grenoble. In Germany, the most important steps reaching, during thirty years (1903-1933), at the victory of modern art on the academic art, are analysed : early Romanticism, opening of art-unions on the whole territory, fighting of Secessions, and, finally, the support of an important and non centralized museal scene (more than 40 museums), especially the Kronprinzenpalais, first museum of modern art, unknown in France. The research reveals the impact of all these innovations : evolution of the concept of Bildung, museums reform concerning didactic and scenographic aims, importance of temporary exhibitions and their movement, significant widening of the field of art
Ludmann-Obier, Marie-France. "Le contrôle de l'industrie chimique en zone française d'occupation en Allemagne (1945-1949)." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR30006.
Full textWith its 62 factories and 200,000 workers, the huge chemical trust IG Farben, provided considerable support to Adolf Hitler and his policies. After the war, its properties were confiscated and handed over to the control council, though, in fact, they were administered by allied trustees in their respective zones. The first part of this work studies the regulatory framework which tightly bound the chemical industry in post-war Germany. After reviewing the most essential elements of the quadripartite texts relative to the economy in general, the long elaboration by the technical commitees in Berlin of those texts specifically impacting the chemical industry is examined. The content of these texts has been analysed along with the reactions caused by their publication. This analysis is repeated for the texts specific to the french zone and the structures developed to control the chemical industry there. This latter effort also sheds light on the problems surrounding these structures. The second part deals with the conditions of production : physical plant (factories with their problems of war damage, reconstruction and start-up) and product output. The problem of reparations and compensation having been one of the most important clashes between France and Germany during this period, we tried an assessment of the different types of reparations on the main branches of production and attempted a global estimate of the reparation impact based on data provided by the french authorities. It seemed important in the end to join to this study on the chemical industry three fields closely connected to it : control of scientific research, the transfer of german scientists to France and the question of patents
Jaccard, Camille. "Paroles folles dans la psychiatrie du XIXe siècle et du début du XXe siècle : histoire et épistémologie." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H206.
Full textThis doctoral thesis offers a historical and epistemological reflection on the way in which mental medicine has studied speech alterations.Tracing the various stages of the interest given to patients’ speech in alienist medicine and in psychiatry from the 19th century to the early 20th century, this work attempts to understand the goals and motivations of medical doctors observing these phenomena. The analysis helps clarify how speech modifications have become fundamental in diagnosing mental illness and how specialists have attributed a special place to them in their semiology of madness. It also questions the practical and theoretical resources with which medical doctors have observed and analysed language disorders. It examines the methods and processes used to gather patients’ speech and the conceptual tools that enable its apprehension. Moreover, this survey emphasizes the partition of the medico-psychological disciplines occurring at the time, by observing the ways in which the authors name, define and classify these speech and language disorders, and considering the links implicitly or explicitly made with other non-medical fields such as philosophy, anthropology, psychology and linguistics
Schulz, Daniel. "Verfassung und nation : formen politischer institutionalisierung in Deutschland und Frankreich von der Französischen revolution bis zur europäischen integration." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHEA002.
Full textBauer, Paul. "Les espaces frontaliers de la Bohême au XXe siècle : un essai de géographie de la mémoire." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0054.
Full textUntil the passing of the Benes decrees in 1945, over 80% of the Bohemian borderlands' inhabitants were part of the ethnic German minority. These populations, whose settlements dated back to the 13th century, had profoundly shaped the structure and organization of western bohemian borderlands. The forced migrations of the ethnic German populations to the Bavarian areas across the Czech-German border was followed in the immediate postwar period, by the resettlement of abandoned border villages by heterogeneous populations which, in most cases, had no previous link with their new settlement areas. If this past is often mobilized and used for political means in the Czech Republic, and to a lesser extent in Germany, then how is it represented and what uses are made of it in the areas where cohabitation between Germans and Czech has been the most tense and problematic? What is the place devoted to state socialism in such memorial practices? By focusing on the one hand on social and territorial restructuration in the borderlands and on the other on the Europeanization of the border between Germany and the Czech Republic, this analysis argues for an understanding of territory as a decisive factor and witness of the social relations and successive political regimes by which it was shaped. It is essential to know to which extent the territory represents a social framework for collective memorial practices for local communities of the Bohemian borderIands
Sounac, Frédéric. "Modèle musical et composition romanesque dans la littérature française et allemande du XXe siècle : genèse et visages d'une utopie esthétique." Paris, EHESS, 2003. https://acces.bibliotheque-diderot.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.15122/isbn.978-2-8124-3042-8.
Full text"This is my grand piano": these words in themselves, handwritten in french by Thomas Mann on a photograph of his desk sent to his translator, Louise Servicen, betray the dreamy assimilation of a novel writting to musical composing. Why does the author of Doktor Faustus consider his works as "good scores"? A novel, as welle as the full activity of the mind, are they comparable to a brilliant counterpoint exercise, as Hermann Hesse suggests in Das Glasperlenspiel? Did Proust's hypermnesia really had, jusy before turning into writting, to be associated with the redeeming Septuor? Beginning with the literary theory of first german Romantism, contemporary of a stream of "absolutisation" of instrumental music among arts, this work is intended to go back to the sources of a genuine aesthetic utopia: the use of musical devices in fiction. As a paradigm in the idealist and historicist thought that Jean-Marie Schaeffer calls " Speculative theory of art", music becomes an intellectual category, particulary with Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Adorno, Lévi-Strauss and Barhes. The theory concerned, thus, leads the study of french and german texts, including, among those already mentionned, novels by André Gide, Hermann Broch, Hans Henny Jahnn, Michel Butor, and many other contemporary writers. The hypothesis of a musical ideality of the novel, which was actually already noticeable in some of Friedrich Schlegel's analyses (most of all his famous reading of Goethe's Wilhelm Meister), is consequently the purpose of this research. With the help of the concept of meloform, musical ideal is first studied as a key to the romantic modern "Poem"; then as the aim of some novels including a reflexive meditation on musical composition; and eventually as the practice of authors experimenting with the adaptation of musical structures to narrative fiction
Fournier, Ismaël. "La préparation pré-déploiement de l'infanterie canadienne avant le débarquement allié en Sicile : doctrine et entraînement des armées canadiennes et allemandes 1919-1944." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26015.
Full textBouchard, Anne-Marie. "Ce qui se passe réellement : à propos de la contribution du dadaïsme berlinois à l'histoire de la culture visuelle allemande." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/23120/23120.pdf.
Full textChapoutot, Johann. "Le national-socialisme et l'Antiquité." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010722.
Full textBierwerth, Gesa. "Tourisme de mal du pays : Revisiter et ré-habiter les lieux d'origine." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28859/28859.pdf.
Full textMuhidine, Eléonore. "Reconstruire la ville par les mots : trajectoires et engagements des critiques d’architecture berlinois des années 1950 à 1980." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20055.
Full textBoth in East and West Berlin, as soon as the mid-fifties, architecture critics have come to the fore and shown that in spite of political pressures imposed on them, they shared a will to reflect upon the urban identity of the divided city. Indeed, the Reconstruction of German towns after WWII refers to a vast project of restoration of the material infrastructures but also the redefinition of a cultural and intellectual landscape bearing the heavy mark of Nazi ideology. Choosing a perspective of cultural and intellectual history, this thesis explores the careers, writings and networks of Ulrich Conrads, Günther Kühne, Julius Posener, Wolf Jobst Siedler, Klaus Duntze, Dieter Hoffmann-Axthelm and Nikolaus Kunhert in West-Berlin and of Kurt Liebknecht, Richard Paulick, Hermann Henselmann, Kurt Junghanns, Bruno Flierl and Wolfgang Kil in East-Berlin. Whether architects or history of art specialists, writers in the specialist press, journalists in the general press but also sometimes publishers and teachers in universities and art schools, those critics committed themselves to making the Berlin architectural culture [Baukultur] known in the XXth century. To a large extent they initiated a redefining of the stakes of architectural and urban criticism in post 1945 Germany
Auphan, Etienne. "Obsolescence ou renaissance des réseaux ferrés pour le transport des voyageurs en Europe occidentale ? (France, Grande-Bretagne, Allemagne fédérale)." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX23004.
Full textHerbet, Dominique. ""Die neue Zeitung" : un journal américain pour la population allemande - 1945-1949." Valenciennes, 1996. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/643e6e46-59ae-4ab3-acf6-bdec17f77273.
Full text"Die neue Zeitung", a german language newspaper (1945-1949) has been a very important part of the US-programm in Germany and was from the beginning, directed frankly to the presentation of american policies to german readers
Khoudour-Castéras, David. "Migrations internationales, régimes de change et politiques sociales : un nouveau trilemme de politique économique ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat1n0o44.
Full textThe thesis is based on two main ideas : first, labor mobility constitutes a central adjutment mechanism in exchange rate regimes ; second the development of social policies contributes to slowing down the emigration process. The argument rests at the same time on a theoretical reflection, based in particular on the optimum currency area theory, and on historical analysis, focused on two periods of contemporary history : the gold standard period and the interwar period. Thus, Chapter 1 aims at showing the key role of international migration in the adjustement process of the gold standard. Then, Chapter 2 analyses the impact of Bismarck's social legislation on German emigration. Finally, Chapter 3 provides an alternative explanation to the fall of the gold exchange standard. In total, the purpose of the thesis is to show the existence of an economic policy trilemma between international migration, exchange rate regimes and social policies
Metzger, Chantal. "L'Empire colonial français dans la stratégie du Troisième Reich : 1936-1945." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040178.
Full textProlongeau, François. "Une critique de la civilisation à partir de l’esprit du judaïsme ? Martin Buber, Franz Rosenzweig et la modernité européenne." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL162.
Full textSince the beginning of the modern era, at the end of the 18th century, a decline of religion has been observed in european societies. Whereas the Jews gradually assimilated to the german society in which they lived, some of them felt, like their christian fellow citizens, a religious vacuum. At the end of the First World War, since the horrors of the war – and the military defeat – had undermined the confidence of many german intellectuals in progress, the expressions of cultural criticism (“Kulturkritik”) are quite a few in the cultural world. Among jewish intellectuals, a new use of religious references is made in order to criticize the world which made the war possible. Within the “jewish Renaissance” in Weimar Germany, the works of Martin Buber and Franz Rosenzweig are distinguished by their focus on theological issues. This doctoral thesis first presents the criticism of the western world which both authors develop out the point of view of a recently rediscovered “religious” judaism. It then studies the relations between jewish messianism and political thought in the works of these authors and other important jewish philosophers of the same period. The intricate relationship between philosophy and religion in both authors’ works is thereupon analysed. Eventually, the dissertation deals with the renewal of “marcionism” (a trend in christian theology denying the validity of the Old Testament) in philosophy and theology during the inter-war period, and the manner in which Martin Buber and Franz Rosenzweig tried to fight against it
Morel, Jean-François. "Le New York Times devant la consolidation des Nazis au pouvoir et les premières persécutions des Juifs en Allemagne, 1933-1935." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ48944.pdf.
Full textGaida, Peter. "Camps de travail sous Vichy : les "Groupes de Travailleurs Etrangers" (GTE) en France et en Afrique du Nord 1940-1944." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010714.
Full textVuillet, Hélène. "Les métamorphoses d'Hermès : Motif secret et secrets d'un motif dans la tétralogie romanesque de Thomas Mann, Joseph et ses frères." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040137.
Full textEven if his name does not appear anywhere, Hermès has his place in the novel of Thomas Mann Joseph and his brothers. But only Hermès, the Greek god, had been seen up to now. This study shows that another Hermès haunts the tetralogy, Hermès-Trismégiste, the father of the hermetic or alchemical tradition. After having revealed the presence of this other Hermès and the function of the hermetic metaphor in the framework, the analysis explores the reasons for the fascination of the author for this theme. It would appear that this one is systematically invoked in the creative imagination of the writer whenever there is a question of education. Because Joseph is the only education novel that Mann managed to write, a novel which examines all the meanings of generic designation: education of the hero, education of the reader, education of the author to the benefit of the formation of the work. Why then is the hermetic metaphor, in spite of its extraordinarily expressive quality, so discrete in this novel?
Kremser-Dubois, Sabine. "Satire ou éloge – et de quoi ? Le théâtre de Carl Sternheim : 1910-1922, Écriture dramatique, pratique scénique, réception." Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30065.
Full textCarl Sternheim's drama (1878-1942) has long been considered as a satire of German bourgeoisie under Wilhelm II. In 1963, referring to the playwright himself, W. Emrich stated that this drama is “the very opposite of satire” and an incentive for everyone to bring out his/her own “nuance”. Since then, this major point has been much debated. This dissertation confronts those contradictory appreciations, through the analysis of seven plays written between 1910 and 1922 and studied together according to their themes, examining their genesis, their “schema actantiel” and the texts themselves. It also resorts to the analysis of staging practices presented in press reviews or to film adaptations. This dissertation concludes that these plays extol individualism – which has led to differing interpretations and to a frequent lack of understanding from the public; it nevertheless has a satirical dimension which is not directed at a social class in particular but at any stereotyped behaviour
Trubert, Jean-François. "La mise en oeuvre du "caractère gestuel de la musique" chez Kurt Weill dans les années 1927-1929 et ses incidences sur la forme de l'opéra "Aufstieg und Fall der Stadt Mahagonny"." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE2012.
Full textThe Kurt Weill and Bertolt Brecht's partnership has established itself to the most significant of the Weimar Republic. Composed between 1927 and 1929, the opera Aufstieg und Fall der Stadt Mahagonny is both emblematic and purpose-made for such ideas like "epic opera" or "Song", that are resultant of the author's reflections about relationship between music and theatre. In a 1929 paper, Kurt Weill has lead to the "gestic character of music", which is relevant to local drama events as well as the global construction of the form. The aim of this study is to understand this particular musical feature in the period of the collaboration between Weill and Brecht during the creation phase of Mahagonny. The approach wants to focus on musical analysis, to understand how musical idiom can both lead the dramaturgy and shape its form
Matrau, Alice. "Peuples allemand et américain des années 1945-1960 : regards croisés entre poésie et photographie. Comment toucher le nerf d’une époque ? René Burri, Les Allemands ; Hans Magnus Enzensberger, Landessprache ; Robert Frank, Les Américains ; Allen Ginsberg, Howl and other poems." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030063.
Full textFour young poets and photographers trawl through the troughs and peaks of history in a divided and destroyed Germany struggling to come to terms with its Nazi past and an America grappling with McCarthysm and the Cold War. René Burri in Les Allemands, Hans Magnus Enzensberger in Landessprache, Robert Frank in Les Américains, and Allen Ginsberg in Howl and other poems are the consciences of their time. They see their artistic activity as an essential criticism of a social order which only grudgingly allows them to do so. They thoroughly examine the prevailing opinion ("American way of life", "melting pot", "economic miracle", "collective responsibility") through their words and images and in doing so cast light on the paradoxes and aporiae that underline it. Somehow, they attempt to draw the outlines of an identity that is both collective – that of a people – and individual – their own, all the time battling against a society in which they have difficulty existing. They grasp at literary figures, rebellious brothers from the present or the past who give them comfort in their act of resistance. Each in his way explores several paths and voices – real or imaginary – in order to escape from the imprisonment and alienation that threatens him: wandering, traveling, anarchy, utopia, drug-use, madness or a poetical dual personality are all brought to bear. In various degrees their poetical or photographical gesture finds expression in a phenomenological gesture that feeds on living images and sensations that sharpen the sense of perception. It is with this critical gesture, at the same time both creative and critical, that they capture the spirit of their age
Parent, Marielle. "Les crimes de disparitions forcées du Parti communiste (bolchevique) de l'Union soviétique : une pratique antérieure au Décret "Nacht und Nebel" examinée à la lumière de la Convention internationale pour la protection de toutes les personnes contre les disparitions forcées." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28076.
Full textHistorians, jurists and human rights defenders trace the origin of enforced disappearances to the “Night and Fog Decree” issued by Hitler. Our contribution will consist of questioning this historic reference by proving the existence of a past practice within Soviet territory. The study highlights the obstacles faced during the searches conducted by close relatives, diplomatic and consular services, and NGOs (Red Cross, Memorial Society), in order to reconstruct the route taken by the disappeared persons. Facts underlying the disappearances are established and analyzed along with the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance.
Историки, юристы и защитники прав человека считают, что насильственные исчезновения впервые вошли в практику в связи с декретом «Ночь и туман» гитлеровского режима. Мы хотели бы поставить под вопрос это историческое утверждение и показать, что подобная практика существовала на советской территории и ранее. Настоящее исследование выявляет препятствия, встреченные при розысках исчезнувших их близкими, а так же дипломатическими и консульскими службами, общественными организациями (Красным Крестом, Oбществом Мемориал), что бы восстановить их маршрут передвижения. Факты исчезновений установлены и исследованы совместно с Международной Конвенцией для защиты всех лиц от насильственных исчезновений.
Gwet, Ghislaine Ariane. "L'école au Cameroun pendant les périodes coloniales allemande et française et leur retombée sur la situation actuelle." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0008.
Full textThis thesis deals with the school issue in Cameroon during the German and French colonial periods, as well as their impact on the current situation. This is a thorough analysis of the place and forms of education in Cameroon under the German and French colonial yokes. It takes into account the different political objectives and conceptions of man, specific to each of the two colonial powers. It specifically underlines feminine education in each part of this work. The comparative analysis of the German and French colonial educational systems highlights the differences and similarities between the both educational policies and their concrete applications. Our work is not restricted to this comparative approach but goes beyond this. It shows that the educational system in Cameroon is now essentially marked by the French colonial past, whereas the remains of German colonization academically are almost absent
Claass, Victor. "Julius Meier-Graefe contre l'impressionnisme." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040076.
Full textSelf-taught art critic and historian, but also publisher, gallery owner, curator, expert, broker and tireless field man, Julius Meier-Graefe (1867-1935) played a prominent role in the European art world of the early 20th century. Based on a close study of numerous archives and letters, as well as a careful rereading of his vast body of published work, this dissertation endeavours to retrace the life of a reckless facilitator, whose career is too often reduced to the role of “importer” of modern French art in Germany. If Meier-Graefe has been frequently identified through his progressive francophile positions and formalistic viewpoints on visual arts, a detailed analysis of his involvement in the art market and institutions—and more broadly, in the political/cultural debates of his time—reveals a richer personality. Wary of the identity concerns shared by conservative elites of the Empire, he vigorously encouraged a “positive” nationalism, hoping to adjust the course of a fragmented Germanic culture hostile to the values of modernity. Tracing the steps of a cosmopolitan German whose path was brutally affected by the outbreak of World War I, this essay examines the mechanisms of his ambitious project of cultural regeneration, involving both action and discourse. Jostled between phases of enthusiasm and deep disillusionment, Meier-Graefe emerges as the champion of an idealized modernism, whose avant-garde experiments he nevertheless severely condemned
Levy-Jahanbakht, Dominique. "A la découverte de l'Iran entre tradition et modernité : récits de voyages en Iran entre 1906 et 1941 : quête de savoirs et discours interculturels de voyageurs germanophones." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAC011/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at analyzing the discourses on Iran in the narratives of German-speaking travelers between 1906 and 194. The body of literature is made of thirty narratives written by scientists and their spouses, businessmen, diplomats and writers. The analysis is structured along the perception of nature, the vision of technical progress, and the judgements of religions and women’s conditions. This research questions the means of circulation of knowledge in these stories and the specificity of the female travel story.The thesis takes into account the influence rooted in the travelers’ cultural background and their criticism of European values. If some travelers’ narratives demonstrate the importance of interaction with the local population and challenge the supremacy of European-like progress, others, and especially the women’s narratives, offer the image of a German patriarchal society the travelers sought to escape
Waschbüsch, Viviane. "La notion de simplicité comme concept de création dans la musique contemporaine en Allemagne : positionnement entre sources et légitimation." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040167.
Full textThis thesis proposes a cross-disciplinary approach between: historical musicology, analytical musicology (analysis of pieces and the genetics of the piece) and art sociology (socio- economic analysis and sociological analysis of artistic practice). The "New Simplicity" composers were the source of a very wide compositional current reintegrating traditional musical forms in a new interpretation, reactivating the function of the polarity of consonance and dissonance. The notion of "simplicity" and ideas that emerged from this concept were a catalyst that contributed to the establishment of postmodernism in Germany. However, the generation of the "New Simplicity" and their shared ideas and concepts came to an abrupt end with the fall of the Berlin Wall and the cultural and political changes induced by this upheaval. Political developments and the creation of a new Akademie der Künste Berlin representing a fusion of Akademie der Künste Berlin East and West led to an opposing position between two first manifesto signatories of this generation of composers: W. Rihm with his abstention from the debate and H-J. von Bose with his withdrawal from the Akademie der Künste Berlin in common with many other artists such as G. Ligeti and G. Baselitz, marking the definitive end of the collaboration of this generation of composers
Schwabe, Stefanie. "Identité et mémoire : art contemporain en RDA et dans les nouveaux Länder à partir de 1971 : Lutz Dammbeck, Karla Sachse." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00772604.
Full textDolliat, Laure Anne. "Genèse et écriture de l’Histoire : "Mein Jahrhundert" de Günter Grass." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20107.
Full textOur research has a dual aim: first to offer a new reading of Mein Jahrhundert by Günter Grass from the manuscripts and from a genetic perspective while remaining as close as possible to the text. Using a restricted but representative corpus of studies with explicit source documents and pointing to various phases of writing, we have highlighted a certain number of procedures which are characteristic of the way Grass wrote, as well as phenomena of both an endogenous and exogenous nature which show his recourse to declared or hidden proteiform intertextuality. This descriptive and interpretative undertaking was then doubled with a hermeneutic approach aimed at establishing whether the work fulfils the didactic ambitions the author asserts regarding the conveying of History with a civic agenda aimed at overcoming the author’s stuttering. By opting for polyphony and a narrative from below, Grass also intends to fill gaps in the discourse of official historiography. After researching proved or hypothetical sources, we were able to demonstrate that Grass essentially uses journalistic sources which allow him to anchor his narrative in historic reality while writing his book in a popular vein. The presence of often dense implicit documentary material nevertheless makes far‐reaching extra‐textual knowledge on the part of the reader necessary, even if various layers of reading are possible.Recourse to the polyphony which is put forward as a guarantee for a narration from differing perspectives is misleading because of the negative value judgements of certain narrators revelatory of the author’s ideological position. The choice of narrators, whether borrowed from historic reality or fictional, just as the choice of the events is part of an unequivocal value hierarchy which constantly refers to the author’s epitextual discourse, which may be read a an inter‐text. The writing of History thus is based upon a rhetoric which consists of polymorphous and transversal repetition, ranging between autotextual, thematic, and pictorial and absorbed by narrative procedures. This corroborates the hypothesis that the work is highly self‐referential and based upon a self‐centred perception of the century
Vercauteren, Pierre. "Des politiques européennes à l'égard de l'URSS: la France, la RFA et la Grande-Bretagne de 1969 à 1989." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211974.
Full textArgelès, Daniel. "Ecriture de l'histoire et construction de soi : les textes de fiction de l'écrivain allemand Klaus Schesinger (1937 - 2001)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030030.
Full textThis thesis analyses the fictional texts of Berlin author Klaus Schlesinger under the aspect of history-writing. Born in 1937 in East-Berlin, this important yet still under-estimated writer lived under five different regimes – national-socialist Germany, occupied Germany, the GDR (from 1949 to 1980), the FRG (from 1980 to 1989), unified Germany – and as many major changes that find reflection in his work: the revelation of the scope of Nazi crimes, the reorientations in the post-war era and under the socialist regime, the building of the Berlin Wall, political “dissidence” and exile in the West in the wake of the Biermann affair, then the fall of the Wall, the disappearance of the GDR and German unification. While the analysis falls into four chronological periods, thus allowing for an overview of his intellectual and political itinerary, the thesis primarily focuses on the way Schlesinger represented this half-century of German history, its impact on individuals and the questions that arose from it (the heritage of the past, the individual’s position in “real”-socialism, in capitalist societies or the Cold war, utopia, identity). It looks at the narrative and formal choices made in each text and underlines the historiographical, moral, political and personal-identity questions inextricably linked to them. Drawing from several theoretical sources (Ricœur, Foucault, de Certeau, Turner, Geertz), it underlines the specific nature of the often heterotopical or liminal spaces in which Schlesinger places his characters and interprets fictional writing as a privileged space of self-apprehension and self-construction in history. While focused on the fictional writings, the analyses also uses the author’s essays and autobiographical texts as well as the Klaus Schlesinger archives of the Akademie der Künste in Berlin (correspondence, first drafts, text fragments, Stasi surveillance files, reviews, interviews)
Pellegrini, Laurence. "Les activités du « couple » Valéry Giscard d’Estaing-Helmut Schmidt après 1981/82 : L’entente personnelle au service de l’Union monétaire de l’Europe." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3046/document.
Full textThe present dissertation describe how the construction of Europe, point of confluence of the political measure of Valery Giscard d'Estaing and Helmut Schmidt, was determinant in the pursuit of their collaboration after 1981/82. In this goal it is focussing on the works of the Comity for Monetary union of Europe, created by Valery Giscard d'Estaing and Helmut Schmidt in 1986, before the adoption of the Single European Act by their successors. What role their initiative did played on the constitution of the Delors Comity in 1988, charged to study the project of Economic and Monetary Union of Europe and more widly on the execution of the Maastricht Treaty? The analysis, with the replacement of the European concept of Valery Giscard d'Estaing and Helmut Schmidt in the beginning of the years 1980 and 1990between the approaches institutionalist and integrationist, economist and monetist, keynesianist and ordoliberal, or French and German , reveal the issues of the lobbyist and the economical integration in the process of the construction of Europe
Moussaoui, Nedjma. "Max Ophuls et l’œuvre de Goethe : matériau génétique et substrat esthétique." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20106.
Full textMax Ophuls remains a neglected film maker. Several movies he directed (such as Liebelei, Lettre d'une inconnue, La Ronde) have linked his name with fin de siècle Vienna and Austrian literature, overshadowing his relationship with Goethe and with Germany, his native country. Our thesis proposes a new approach to Ophuls, based on a study of his relationship with the German writer : we examine the way in which the Goethean sources both operate in the works directly inspired by Goethe and influence the aesthetic tenets of the director. The first part of our work deals with Goethe as a source of inspiration. It is mostly based on the analysis of the 1938 movie Le Roman de Werther, and of the 1954 radio drama Novelle. This new approach to works considered of lesser importance reveals the development of Ophuls's relationship with Goethe and highlights his connection with Germany and German culture in the turbulent context of twentieth century. The second part, on a more theoretical level, traces the paths linking Ophuls's conception of art and Goethean aesthetics. Our analysis of Thoughts on Film (Gedanken über den Film), a 1956 radio drama, highlights the importance of Goethe as a theoretical frame of reference: other texts of different nature allow us to describe an implicit poetics of cinema, based on Goethean organic aesthetics
Marques, Karina Carvalho de Matos. "De l'écriture personnelle à l'écriture de l'histoire : questions d'identité dans l'oeuvre d'Ilse Losa et de Samuel Rawet." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030103.
Full textOur compared study deals with the literary work of Ilse Losa (1913-2006), a German exiled in Portugal, and Samuel Rawet (1929-1984), a Polish immigrant in Brazil, which have adopted Portuguese as writing language. Having arrived in these lusophone countries a few years before the declaration of the Second World War, both share a jewish origin which is expressed in their characters in the form of conflicts between memory and forgetfulness, communitarianism and integration, tradition and cultural performativity. Moreover, their conditions of women and homosexual acted as an inspiration for the construction of a work opposing gender duality in a context of oppression in these host countries : The Salazarist New State (1933-1974) and the military dictatorship in Brazil (1964-1985). This way, through their personal writings in which the jewish identity and the gender identity are key elements, we can consider the exclusion in a broader way. These authors give us a picture of the brazilian and portuguese societies between the end of the 30’s and beginning of the 80’s, highlighting the power relations between elites and masses. During a period in which the national identity is being built on the basis of the myth of the great empire in Portugal and of multiculturalism in Brazil, Ilse Losa and Samuel Rawet show that the nation is always a narrative
Legault-Béliveau, Julie. "Le rôle des collections dans la légitimation de l'art marginal : le cas de la collection d'art pathologique Prinzhorn." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4610.
Full textModern art began its rise at the beginning of the twentieth century in both France and Germany. Somme art theorists like Francastel, propose an identifying characteristic of modern art is the deconstruction of the classic plastic space. During the two World Wars, many artists used this deconstructive process, thus reinvigorating art with ‘‘primitive’’ styles which challenged the ‘‘civilized’’ art of the day. This fascination with the ‘‘primitive’’, including art from children, amateurs, and the ‘‘mentally ill’’, is apparent in many art collections of the time. By collecting these forms of art, the collectors were supporting this new ideology in opposition to occidental rationalism. The psychiatrist Hans Prinzhorn, along with the art sellers Wilhelm Udhe and the artists Andre Breton, Jean Dubuffet and Arnulf Rainer, are a few of the notable collectors. They each influenced the progress of Modern Art; the impact of which is now evident in contemporary art. The individuality of their unique collections offers different interpretations of the marginalized ‘‘outsider art’’. By analyzing the terminologies employed by these collectors, particularly in regards to ‘‘pathological art’’, we may outline a portrait of the development of ‘‘outsider art’’ as it progressed along side modern art.