Academic literature on the topic 'Sartre, Jean-Paul (1905-1980) – Langue'

Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980), nephew of the Alsatian theologian, Albert Schweitzer, was born in Paris, passed his agrégation at the Ecole Normale Superieure in 1929, and was a lycée teacher between 1931 and 1945. He was called up to the French Army in 1939, captured by the Germans in 1940 and released after the armistice. In 1938 he published a novel, La Nausée, translated by Robert Baldick as Nausea (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1965), and in 1940, L'Imaginaire: Psychologie phénoménologique de l'imagination, translated by Bernard Frechtman as The Psychology of Imagination (London: Methuen, 1972). His major philosophical work, L'Etre et le Neant, was published in 1943, and translated by Hazel E. Barnes as Being and Nothingness (London: Methuen, 1957). As a novelist he is best known for a trilogy, Chemins de la Liberté (Roads to Freedom), comprising L'Age de raison (1945) translated by E. Sutton as The Age of Reason (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1961), Le Sursis (1945), translated by E. Sutton as The Reprieve (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1963) and La Mort dans l'āme (1949), translated by G. Hopkins as Iron in the Soul (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1965). His main work of literary criticism is Qu'est-ce que la littérature? (1947), translated by B. Frechtman as What is Literature? (London: Methuen, 1950). Plays includeLes Mouches (1943) and Huis Clos (1944), both translated by S. Gilbert and published in one volume, as The Flies and In Camera (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1965).

Partindo dos projetos de intelectualidade representados por Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) e Michel Foucault (1926-1984) na década de 1960, este artigo pretende analisar os conceitos de intelectual universal e de intelectual específico, bem como sua influência no pensamento francês contemporâneo e no engajamento político

Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980), escritor y filósofo francés, es considerado el fundador del existencialismo ateo en Francia. Por medio de sus ideas, contradice a todos los conformistas defensores de los valores universales que mantienen las apariencias, incluyendo entre ellos a los cristianos. Hacemos una selección de historias de su autobiografía Les mots con el fin de analizar cómo la niñez determinó su pensamiento.

Resumo: Estudos atuais relacionam o nada (neant) em Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) com o dos místicos medievais, entre os quais figura Mestre Eckhart (1260-1328). Um de seus sermões está citado textualmente por Sartre em Saint Genet – ator e mártir. Contudo, o filósofo francês não revela textualmente a fonte consultada. Em um primeiro momento, investigaremos a possibilidade de Sartre ter lido diretamente o místico alemão ou mediante a interpretação de Heidegger; ou ainda a do medievalista francês Etienne Gilson. Ao que parece, Sartre leu diretamente a obra do místico. No entanto, isso só nos leva a ter de mostrar, em outro momento, que a compreensão do nada (nicht) eckhartiano por Sartre resulta da leitura da obra do medievalista francês. É isso que, ao final, determinará a diferenciação entre um nada cognitivo e ideal, atribuído por Sartre a Eckhart, e um nada ontológico e existencial, resultante de seu existencialismo.Abstract: Current studies relate nothingness (neant) in Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) with that of the medieval mystics, among which figures Master Eckhart (1260-1328). One of his sermons is textually cited by Sartre in Saint Genet — actor and martyr. However, Sartre doesn’t textually reveal the referred source. At first, we will investigate whether a direct reading of the German mystic occurred, or if its reception took place by means of Heidegger’s interpretation or that of French medievalist Etienne Gilson. As it seems, Sartre read directly from the mystic’s work. However, secondly, we will show that the understanding of nothingness (nicht) in Eckhart results from the French medievalist’s interpretation. That is what will, ultimately, determine the differentiation between the cognitive and ideal nothingness in Eckhart and the ontological and existentialist nothingness in Sartre.

O artigo estuda as posições políticas de Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) relacionadas ao Terceiro Mundo entre 1947 e 1979. Além disso, e a partir delas, enseja reflexões e/ou debates sobre o papel do intelectual na sociedade à luz do conhecimento histórico. As posições políticas de Sartre sobre o Terceiro Mundo constituem, portanto, o objeto deste trabalho cujo problema é a liberdade. Sob o “impacto da História”, isto é, no curso dos acontecimentos do Terceiro Mundo – da Guerra da Argélia (1954-1962), da Revolução Cubana (1959-1961) e da Revolução Vietnamita (1946-1976) – Sartre elabora uma nova concepção de liberdade que contradiz sua concepção existencialista anterior. Se a liberdade na concepção existencialista tem uma base teórico-filosófica, situada no plano da ontologia, ou seja, abstrata e individual, sua nova concepção de liberdade tem uma base político-econômica, situada no plano da história, logo, concreta e coletiva. Em outras palavras, Sartre redefine a sua concepção de liberdade à luz de determinados problemas colocados pela emergência do Terceiro Mundo no cenário político mundial. Sob a ótica do marxismo e do método dialético, Sartre procura redefini-la em seus aspectos econômico (como independência), social (como justiça e igualdade), político (como soberania) e cultural (como humanização, em oposição à tortura e ao racismo). O referencial teórico-metodológico provém do marxismo, particularmente, suas contribuições acerca das relações entre indivíduo, sociedade e história. Os principais textos utilizados são os de Michael Löwy, Jean Chesneaux, István Mészáros, Eric Hobsbawm, Gérard Chaliand e Perry Anderson. Esse referencial nos permite pensar a trajetória de Sartre como uma unidade contraditória e as suas posições políticas sobre o Terceiro Mundo tendo em vista o seu fundamento histórico-social. Sartre radicaliza suas ideias e passa a defender o socialismo; intervém contra as guerras coloniais com a assinatura de manifestos, petições, passeatas e comícios populares; divulga as conquistas revolucionárias argelina, cubana e vietnamita ao público mundial, sobretudo, por meio da revista Les Temps Modernes; propõe a criação de um tribunal internacional para julgar os crimes de guerra norte-americanos contra a população vietnamita. Nessa esteira, devemos entender a afirmação de Sartre o “homem é possível” que contradiz a sua máxima ontológica o “homem é uma paixão inútil”. Enfim, para Sartre, o “problema humano” – a liberdade – somente pode ser resolvido em termos de produção e de relações sociais de produção de tipo socialista.
 
 The article studies the political positions of Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) related to the Third World between 1947 and 1979. In addition, and based on them, it encourages reflections and/or debates about the role of the intellectual in society in the light of historical knowledge. Sartre's political positions on the Third World constitute, therefore, the object of this work whose problem is freedom. Under the "impact of history," that is, in the course of Third World events - from the Algerian War (1954-1962), the Cuban Revolution (1959-1961), and the Vietnamese Revolution (1946-1976) - Sartre elaborates a new conception of freedom that contradicts his previous existentialist conception. If freedom in the existentialist conception has a theoretical-philosophical basis, situated on the level of ontology, that is, abstract and individual, his new conception of freedom has a political-economic basis, situated on the level of history, therefore, concrete and collective. In other words, Sartre redefines his conception of freedom in light of certain problems posed by the emergence of the Third World on the world political scene. From the standpoint of Marxism and the dialectical method, Sartre seeks to redefine freedom in its economic (as independence), social (as justice and equality), political (as sovereignty), and cultural (as humanization, in opposition to torture and racism) aspects. The theoretical and methodological framework comes from Marxism, particularly its contributions on the relationship between the individual, society, and history. The main texts used are those by Michael Löwy, Jean Chesneaux, István Mészáros, Eric Hobsbawm, Gérard Chaliand, and Perry Anderson. This reference allows us to think of Sartre's trajectory as a contradictory unit and his political positions on the Third World in view of its social-historical foundation. Sartre radicalizes his ideas and starts to defend socialism; he intervenes against colonial wars by signing manifestos, petitions, marches, and popular rallies; he publicizes the Algerian, Cuban, and Vietnamese revolutionary conquests to the world public, especially through the magazine Les Temps Modernes; he proposes the creation of an international tribunal to judge American war crimes against the Vietnamese population. In this vein, we must understand Sartre's statement that "man is possible" which contradicts his ontological maxim that "man is a useless passion. Finally, for Sartre, the "human problem" - freedom - can only be solved in terms of production and social relations of production of a socialist type.

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo describir una síntesis de los fundamentos, conceptos y principios que articulan y otorgan sentido a la fenomenología existencial de Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980), estableciendo como eje central de investigación su trabajo y producción fenomenológica. Para cumplir este objetivo general, en primer lugar, se revisará el concepto de intencionalidad, a la luz del distanciamiento que toma nuestro autor respecto del padre de la fenomenología Edmund Husserl (1859-1938). Esto servirá como suelo de sentido para nuestro segunda labor, a saber: revisar y analizar la íntima relación entre la reformulación de la intencionalidad, la preeminencia ontológica del cogito pre-reflexivo y la constitución de lo imaginario. Es importante realizar este paso, pues, como se verá, resulta fundamental para el devenir de la filosofía sartriana. De este modo, podremos acercarnos a nuestro tercer objetivo, sostener y profundizar nuestro análisis hacia la tesis más radical en el pensamiento de Jean-Paul Sartre, a saber: la absoluta libertad de una conciencia existente. Finalmente, proponemos una sintética revisión a los preceptos principales de la fenomenología existencial sartriana, destacando sus nexos con los conceptos abordados a lo largo de la investigación. Es decir, revisaremos la relación entre lo que Jean-Paul Sartre denomina pour-soi, en-soi y néantisation.

Trata-se da apresentação e da análise das posições políticas de Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) sobre a Guerra da Argélia (1954-1962). Este texto, com modificações, integra um dos capítulos de minha Tese de Doutorado, intitulada “As posições políticas de Jean-Paul Sartre e o Terceiro Mundo (1947-1979)”. O artigo está dividido em quatro seções: “A dialética do colonialismo”; “A violência do colonialismo: o racismo e a tortura”; “A ‘constelação gaullista’ e os caminhos da fascização na França” e “Os problemas da (des)unidade da esquerda e da não ‘solidariedade de interesses’ entre o operariado francês e os colonizados argelinos”. Em “A dialética do colonialismo” apresento a definição de colonialismo para Sartre, particularmente, o francês, em que Sartre o define como um sistema econômico, histórico e contraditório. Em “A violência do colonialismo: o racismo e a tortura”, Sartre considera o racismo e tortura como um dos principais resultados da violência colonial, isto é, a sub-humanização do colonizado pelo colonizador. Nessa esteira, em “A ‘constelação gaullista’ e os caminhos da fascização na França”, Sartre afirma que a violência do colonialismo, justamente pelo viés do racismo e da tortura, caracteriza o processo de fascização durante o segundo governo de Charles De Gaulle (1958-1969). Finalmente, a última seção, dedica-se a analisar “Os problemas da (des)unidade da esquerda e da não ‘solidariedade de interesses’ entre o operariado francês e os colonizados argelinos”, tendo em vista as posições pró-colonialistas do operariado francês, de acordo com Sartre.

Este artigo visa mostrar a amplitude e as derivações do conceito de liberdade em Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980). Nesse sentido, vem investigar, por meio de análise bibliográfica, as condições de possibilidade de tal conceito como fundamento para um compromisso ético-moral que se traduza em responsabilidade para com a sociedade. É possível deduzir um compromisso ético-moral a partir da liberdade? A filosofia de Sartre contempla uma visão humanista? Tal filosofia, a partir do eixo central de suas concepções, entendido como liberdade, apresenta-se como práxis, processo de ação e reflexão na história humana. Sartre, em defesa da filosofia do engajamento, enfatiza a importância de o homem se entregar à ação prática para alargar os horizontes possíveis de cada ser humano livre. Para Sartre, a liberdade é a condição própria do homem e tem por base a atitude de compromisso.

Cette étude du langage dramatique de J. -P. Sartre est basée sur la double préoccupation. Si les oeuvres théatrales de Sartre témoignent de son assidue pratique de cet art, un abondant corpus d'entretiens affirme son souci d'établir une théorie dramatique qui le satisfasse. Or, l'importance et l'acuité du langage est remarquable dans le genre dramatique. Pour étudier tous les éléments théatraux, nous examinerons deux grandes questions. Les élements paraverbaux qui sont en dehors des paroles prononcées, comportent le décor, le geste, et la structure dramatique. Ensuite, pour les éléments verbaux, nous étudierons quelques rapports entre le langage et la vie, ainsi qu'entre le langage et sa fonction, et les différents registres du langage utilisés par Sartre. Cette recherche nous permet d'apprécier la vertu et la qualité du langage dramatique de Sartre<br>This essay on "the dramatic language of J. -P. Sartre" is based on the twofold preoccupation. Whereas Sartre's plays bear witness with his assiduous practing on this art, a corpus of numerous conversations assert his aim to set up a theory of drama, that would satisfy him, when the importance and the sharpness of this specific language is outstanding in this drama genre. In order to examine all the component of the play, we will study the subject in the two differents parts. Out of the words said, paraverbal elements including scenary, gesture and drama's structure. Verbal elements including the relationship between language and life, and the between language and its function, the various level of language used by sartre. This essay permit us to appreciate both the quality and the virtue of the dramatic language of Jean-Paul Sartre

Le present travail regroupe vingt annees de recherches sur sartre, sur sa critique litteraire et sa critique d'art. La these comprend les textes publies de michel sicard : essentiellement la critique litteraire de jean-paul sartre (minard, 1976 et 1980) et essais sur sartre (galilee, 1989) et une note de synthese. Pour cette derniere, une premiere partie analyse les rapports d'un chercheur avec son auteur encore vivant; il en reste des entretiens publies et des travaux generaux : etablissement d'inedits (mallarme, le tintoret, freud), essais, vaste recherche iconographique qui se continue par des expositions des artistes de sartre. La seconde partie scrute la methodologie, qui met en jeu les concepts d'intertexte, de serie, de dialogisme; sartre est l'ouverture a la modernite et a la postmodernite. En troisieme lieu, en fait le point des problemes de l'imaginaire et du langage verbal, si mal compris depuis la distinction prose poesie, pour en venir au style vu comme un melange en lui-meme de realisme et d'imaginaire. Une quatrieme partie etudie la specificite du langage pictural, qui apporte des notions neuves quant a la materialite, a la reconnaissance historique de l'art abstrait international. Enfin une analyse des conceptions de sartre quant au livre complete ce tableau, dont la pratique repose sur une tentative d'abolition du livre qui met sartre du cote des "biblioclastes"<br>This work is the fruit of twenty years'research into sartre, his literary and art criticism. The thesis brings together the publish writings of michel sicard, notably j. -p. Sartre literary criticism i and ii (minard, 1976 and 1980) and essays on sartre (galilee, 1989), plus a brief synthesis comprising 5 parts. Firstly, a section analysing the relationship between a research student and a still-living author, which gave rise to a number of published interviews and general works such as the sifting of previously unpublished material (on mallarme, tintoretto, freud), essays and wide-ranging iconographic studies which have led to a series of exhibitions of artists studied by sartre. Secondly we shall analyse the methodology which calls upon the concepts of intertext, series, dialogisme; sartre turning to wards modernity and postmodernity. Thirdly, we shall look at the problems of the imagined and the expressed, misunderstood since first the distinction between prose and poetry, so as to come finally to the notion of style, which contain a blend of realism and imagination. The fourth section will study the specificity of pictural language which conveys new ideas concerning materiality, and also historic recognition of international abstr act art. Finally we shall analyse sartre's conception of the book, based upon anattempt to abolish the notion of the book

L'objectif de cette enquête est d'exposer le fonctionnement linguistique d'un type de structure syntaxique dans un corpus homogène, et de faire apparaitre les déterminations langagières qui conduisent le scripteur à adopter de façon surabondante un tel mode d'agencement verbal. La première partie, théorique, examine les définitions de l'apposition qui ont été proposées des origines rhétoriques aux analyses textuelles, afin de déterminer l'extension de la notion, puis elle traite des éléments d'analyse syntaxique et textuelle retenus pour l'examen du corpus. La deuxième partie, descriptive, étudie la configuration syntaxique et l'environnement textuel des constructions à partir de données statistiques. Cet examen est limité aux trois principaux types d'appositions détachées : a, substantives pourvues d'un déterminant, b, substantives dépourvues de déterminant, c, adjectives. La troisième partie, interprétative, est consacrée à la production du sens dans le système appositif. Ce volet vise à évaluer l'efficacité phrastique, textuelle et discursive des constructions. On procède à l'examen des rapports entre le système appositif et la cohésion de l'énoncé (étude de la dynamique communicative et des marquages lexicaux). Puis, on analyse l'incidence du système appositif sur le mouvement de la phrase (étude de la disposition des masses syntaxiques et étude de la mélodie)<br>The object of this research is to investigate the linguistic functioning of a syntactical structure in a homogeneous corpus, and to expose the language determinations leading the writer to use wealthily such an arrangement of words. First part, theoretical, examines definitions of the apposition proposed from the rhetoretical origins of the notion to the textual analysis, in order to define its extent. Then this part treats of the elements of syntactical and textual analysis selected for the corpus examination. Second part, descriptive, studies the syntactical configuration and the textual environment of the appositive constructions from statistical data. This examination is limited to three main types of detached appositions : a, substantival with a determiner, b, substantival without any determiner, c, adjectival. Third part, interpretational, treats of the production of sense in the appositive system and intends to estimate the phrasal, textual and discursive efficacy of constructions. Relations between the appositive system and the cohesion of the sentence are examined (study of the communicative dynamism and the lexical features). Then, the incidence of the appositive system on the sentence movement (disposal of syntactical groups and melody) is studied

Mon sujet de thèse est une tentative d’éclairage de l’énigme du corps absent/ présent, obscur, fictif et extraordinaire chez les personnages romanesques et philosophiques d’un grand auteur français du XXe siècle : Jean-Paul Sartre. L’énigme de ce corps obscur traduit dans les œuvres de Sartre une réalité ontologique, charnelle. Or, la description du corps (absent ou présent) chez Sartre est avant tout imaginaire et il y a un nombre infini d’énigmes corporelles dans son œuvre. Elles se cherchent encore des significations. Le savoir encyclopédique de Sartre mérite, et sans limite, une multitude de lectures qui pourraient enrichir durablement la compréhension du texte littéraire de cet auteur. Beaucoup de questions cherchent des réponses bien précises. La recherche de l’absence du corps ou de l’énigme corporelle dans le texte sartrien n’a jamais été l’objet principal d’une étude entière, ce qui nous permet de prétendre à l’originalité d’un nouveau trajet de lecture. Notre étude a pour objectif de définir les modalités, les structures, les emblèmes, le sens et la nature de l’énigme dans l’œuvre de Sartre. Faire une analyse détaillée de l’énigme existentielle du corps surtout mais tout en s’appuyant sur ce que nous pouvons appeler l’herméneutique de l’énigme et les différents aspects de la présence/ absence. Lire Sartre, avec cette nouvelle méthode va tracer, nous l’espérons bien, une nouvelle ligne de recherche et créer une nouvelle dimension dans la compréhension de la philosophie et de l’écriture littéraire de Sartre<br>The subject of my thesis is an attempt to shed light on the enigma of the mysterious human body which is fictitious and extraordinary as depicted in the characters of the philosophical works of French writer Jean-Paul Sartre. These contradictions demand an understanding of the ultimate nature of the reality of the body which is both carnal and at the same time real. But the description of the body by Sartre is essentially imaginary and can lead to an infinite number of interpretations The information and facts provided by this author therefore fully deserve an analysis meant to enrich the understanding of his literary works. Such an attempt to solve these riddles through a search for the understanding of the puzzle of the body in the text of Sartre has never been the main subject of a full study. This allows us to claim originality of a new way of understanding his work. Our study aims to determine the structures, symbols, meaning, and nature of this enigma. This dissertation contains a detailed analysis of the existential contradictions of the body primarily based on interpretation of the absence/ presence dilemma. Hence a reading of Sartre with these hopefully more enlightening insights is intended to develop a novel thought process for research and to create a new dimension in the understanding of Sartre’s philosophy and writings

L’Idiot de la famille est complément de Questions de Méthode. Sartre demande dans Questions de Méthode un changement de langage. Il s’agira dans cette thèse de déchiffrer l’écriture sartrienne en ses nuances, détails et couleurs. En d’autres mots, il s’agira d’étudier les livres de Sartre pour trouver un sens qui nous parle, là où sa parole se contredit et s’affirme en même temps. Notre tâche de relecture dans L’Idiot de la famille est ainsi d’expliciter l’axe central de la psychanalyse existentielle et d’aller chercher le sens le plus caché de la philosophie de la vie. Dans la mesure où Sartre va montrer que nous devons décider du genre de vie que nous voulons avoir, cette étude vise à éclairer pourquoi Sartre est un penseur nécessaire pour l’homme d’aujourd’hui. Il s’agira ainsi de traiter L’Idiot de la famille comme une œuvre d’apprentissage. Dans ce sens, le sens et la signification de notre recherche ne sont pas fermés et continuent ouverts à des nouvelles relectures. Notre principal objectif est aussi bien d’expliciter quel a été le fil conducteur de Sartre pour écrire L’Idiot de la famille que de vérifier si l’essence de l’écrivain peut être définie par ses écritures. Autrement dit, est-ce que les écritures montrent qui est l’auteur en tant qu’homme, ou bien pouvons-nous plutôt voir son double, celui qui parle à sa place et qui devient parole écrite ?<br>The Fool of the family is complement to the book of philosophy Questions of Method. Sartre asks in Questions of Method a change of language. It will be in this thesis to decipher Sartre writing in its nuances, details and colors. In other words, it is designed to study books from Sartre in order to find a meaning that makes sense for us, where his words are full of statements and their contrary at the same time. Our task of re-reading in The Fool of the family is to clarify the central axis of the existential psychoanalysis and point the most hidden of the philosophy of life. Insofar as Sartre will show that we must decide on the kind of life we want to have, this study aims to illuminate why Sartre is an indispensable thinker for the man of today. Thus, it will be necessary to treatThe Fool of the family as a work for learning. In this sense, the meaning and significance of our research are not closed and still opened to new readings. Our main objective is to clarify what has been the main theme of Sartreto write The Fool of the family and to check if the essence of the writer can be defined by his writings. In other words, do the writings show us who is the author as a man, or else can we rather see his double, one who speaks at his place and then become written word?

Le découpage phrastique – par le point final – dépourvu de structure verbale dans le roman de La Nausée a suscité notre intérêt pour le phénomène des ruptures typographiques. Pour rendre compte de leur prédicativité, la logique syntaxique s’est avérée insuffisante. Nous avons donc envisagé le principe de l’énonciation qui a donné à ces découpages sans verbe un fondement énonciatif et sémantique. Ce travail aurait ainsi tenté de résoudre la problématique de la prédication sans verbe en s’appuyant sur l’analyse du texte et également sur des recherches historiques<br>Our interest in the phenomenon of typographical disconnection was sparked by the use of final periods to organize propositions without verbal structure in the novel Nausea. Logical syntax was inadequate to accunt for their predicative value. We found that the principle of enunciation gives these sentenses a semantic and enunciative basic. This work has tried to solve the problem of verbless predication based on text analysis as well as on historical research

Le but de notre these consiste a repondre a deux questions: la premiere, pourquoi y a t=il eu un "phenomene sartre" en chine dans le debut des annees 80 ?; et la seconde, comment sartre a-t-il ete recu en chine, notamment dans le domaine litteraire, par les chercheurs chinois tout au long des annees 80 ? elle comporte donc deux parties: la premiere tente d'eclairer l'arriere-plan historique de la societe chinoise au moment ou sartre a ete decouvert et a provoque immediatement un grand retentissement. Nous estimons que l'enthousiasme qu'eprouverent certains intellectuels et certains etudiants a l'egard de sartre et de l'existentialisme manifeste en effet une crise ideologique a la suite de la grande perturbation sociale provoquee par le revolution culturelle. L'oeuvre de sartre, de ce point de vue, a repondu a un besoin urgent de l'epoque, celui de l'humanisme et a contribue a l'evolution des mentalites. Les deuxieme partie est consacree a l'etude de la facon dont les chercheurs chinois percoivent l'oeuvre et la creation litteraire de sartre. Un probleme majeur a ete releve dans les etudes sartriennes: la predominance ideologique qui fait que le critere politique est omnipresent dans les etudes litteraires, ce qui rend souvent difficiles le debat et les discussions entre chercheurs et aboutit a simplifier abusivement l'interpretation de ses oeuvres<br>The aim of our thesis consists of the response to two questions: the first, why did there exist a "sartre phenomenon" in china in the early days of the 80s ?; and the second, how was sartre received in china, particularly in respect of literature, by chinese researchers throughout the 80s thus it is composed of two parts: the first attempts to clarify the historical background of chinese society when sartre was discovered and which gave rise immediately to great repercussions. We estimate that the enthusiasm for sartre and the existentialism of certain intellectuals and certain students strikes an ideological crisis after a heavy social perturbation provoked by the cultural revolution. From this point of view, sartre's works were geared to the urgent needs of that times which was humanism and contribud to the evolution of the mentality. The second party was used to study the comprehension of these chinese researchers to sartre's works and his literary creation. A major problem has been revealed in the study of sartre: the ideological superiority shows that the political standard is entangled in the literary study which usually makes debate and discussion between the researchers difficult. This then leads to excessive simplicity of the interpretation of his works