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Journal articles on the topic 'Satsuki'

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Published: 24 April 2022

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1

Henning, Frank P., Timothy J. Smalley, Orville M. Lindstrom, and John M. Ruter. "Effect of Fall Fertilization on Freeze Resistance of Deciduous Versus Evergreen Azaleas." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 28, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-28.4.235.

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Abstract Plants that maintain their leaves throughout winter may respond differently to fall fertilization than deciduous plants. The effects of fall fertilization on cold hardiness, nutrient uptake, growth and flower production of evergreen versus deciduous azaleas were studied. Rhododendron canescens (Michx.) Sweet and R. × satsuki ‘Wakaebisu’ were grown in containers, outdoors in Athens, GA, under three fall fertigation regimes applied daily as 0.5 liter (0.13 gal) solutions containing: 1) 75 mg·liter−1 N from August 1 through September 29, 2) 75 mg·liter−1 N from August 1 through November 28, and 3) 125 mg·liter−1 N from August 1 through November 28. Stem freeze resistance was analyzed monthly November through March. Growth of azaleas that received 120 days of extended fertigation (August 1 through November 28) was not increased compared to azaleas that received 60 days of extended fertigation (August 1 through September 29). Growth of the two taxa did not differ in their response to fertilization treatments. The high rate of extended fertilization 125 mg·liter−1 N (from August 1 through November 28) reduced stem freeze resistance November through February, while the moderate rate of extended fertilization (75 mg·liter−1 N from August 1 through November 28) reduced azalea freeze resistance in December. Fall fertilization regimes did not produce differences in the timing of cold acclimation, or deacclimation of R. canescens and R. × satsuki. The high rate of extended fertilization promoted early budbreak of R. × satsuki and postponed flower budbreak of R. canescens. Flower production of R. canescens was not affected by fall fertilization, but the high rate of extended fertilization increased flower production of R. × satsuki compared to plants that received the moderate rate of fertilization 75 mg·liter−1 N from August 1 through September 29.

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2

Briller, Sherri. "Book Reviews." Anthropology & Aging 33, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/aa.2012.61.

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Nature's Embrace: Japan's Aging Urbanites and New Death Rites (Satsuki Kawano) Ruth ToulsonAging, Society, and the Life Course, 4th Edition (Leslie A. Morgan and Suzanne R. Kunkel) Samantha SolimeoRemembering Home: Rediscovering the Self in Dementia (Habib Chaudhury) Mary Durocher

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3

Ariesta Cakadha Meganing, Ni Nyoman, I. Made Budiana, and I. Nyoman Rauh Artana. "Pembentukan dan Makna Gitaigo dalam Komik Handa Kun Karya Satsuki Yoshino." Jurnal SAKURA : Sastra, Bahasa, Kebudayaan dan Pranata Jepang 1, no. 2 (August 30, 2019): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/js.2019.v01.i02.p05.

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The title of this research is “Formation and Meaning on Gitaigo of Handa Kun Comic by Satsuki Yoshino” that aimed to explain the forming process and meaning on gitaigo of Handa Kun comic 1-7 volume by Satsuki Yoshino. The problem in this research was analyzed by using formal method and informal technique. Gitaigo formation analysis used Japanese morphology theory by Tsujimura (1996) and characteristic of Japanese onomatopoeia by Akimoto (2002). While the gitaigo meaning analysis used semantic property theory by Chaer (2015a). The result of this research is on Handa Kun comic was found three types of gitaigo formation i.e. reduplication, affixation, and compounding. Furthermore, the characteristic of onomatopoeia that found are hanpuku, sokuon, choo’on, hatsuon, and -ri morpheme addition. Then, inheritance elements and additional elements was found in each gitaigo. Through additional elements found, there is an expansion meaning or constriction meaning can be known in the words that formed by gitaigo.

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4

Pitelka, Morgan. "Kimono: A Modern History by Terry Satsuki Milhaupt." Journal of Japanese Studies 42, no. 2 (2016): 375–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jjs.2016.0035.

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5

Henning, Frank P., Timothy J. Smalley, Orville Lindstrom, and John Ruter. "Effect of Fall Fertilization on Freeze Hardiness of Deciduous versus Evergreen Azaleas." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 1126B—1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1126b.

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This experiment compared the effect of fall fertilization on freeze hardiness of evergreen vs. deciduous azaleas (Rhododendron). Beginning in Spring 2003, a 2 × 3 factorial experiment was conducted in Athens, Ga., on container plants grown outdoors under nursery conditions involving two taxa (R. canescens and R. ×satsuki `Wakaebisu') and three fall fertigation regimes (Aug.–Sept., 75 mg·L-1 of N; Aug.–Nov., 75 mg·L-1 of N; and Aug.–Nov., 125 mg·L-1 of N). On 15 Nov. and 17 Dec. 2003 and 16 Jan., 18 Feb., and 19 Mar. 2004, plant stem tissue was harvested and exposed to 10 progressively lower temperature intervals between –3 °C and –30 °C under laboratory conditions in order to estimate azalea freeze hardiness. Freeze hardiness was affected by fertilizer and taxa treatments, but there were no significant interaction effects in this study. The timing of freeze hardening was not significantly different among the two species over time, and the fall fertilizer treatments did not affect the timing of hardening. Compared to the industry standard (75 mg·L-1 of N, Aug.–Sept.), R. canescens that received extended fertilization at the high rate (125 mg·L-1 of N, Aug.–Nov.) was less freeze hardy in November, December, and January, and R. ×satsuki was less freeze hardy in December. However, when compared to the industry standard, the low rate of extended fertilization (75 mg·L-1 of N, Aug.–Nov.) did not affect azalea freeze hardiness.

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6

Aubin, Françoise. "Satsuki Kawano, Nature’s Embrace. Japan’s Aging Urbanites and New Death Rites." Archives de sciences sociales des religions, no. 164 (December 30, 2013): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/assr.25523.

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7

Anderson, Emily. "Nature's Embrace: Japan's Aging Urbanites and New Death Rites - By Satsuki Kawano." Religious Studies Review 37, no. 3 (September 2011): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0922.2011.01544_3.x.

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8

MATSUNAGA, LOUELLA. "Nature's embrace: Japan's aging urbanites and new death rites - By Satsuki Kawano." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 18, no. 2 (May 2, 2012): 501–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9655.2012.01754_33.x.

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9

Moore, Katrina. "Nature's Embrace: Japan's Aging Urbanites and New Death Rites by Satsuki Kawano." American Anthropologist 113, no. 2 (May 23, 2011): 369–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1433.2011.01344_14.x.

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10

MacWilliams, Mark. "Ritual Practice in Modern Japan: Ordering Place, People, and Action ? Satsuki Kawano." Religious Studies Review 32, no. 3 (July 2006): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0922.2006.00100_2.x.

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11

Tioho, Hanny. "Larval dispersal of Pocillopora damicornis at high latitude coral communities." AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2013): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jasm.1.1.2013.1963.

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In order to elucidate the patterns of dispersal in scleractinian coral Pocillopora damicornis near the northern limit of its latitudinal range, a total of 50 colonies (15-25 cm in diameter) of this coral were collected from Ooshima Island, Japan, and transplanted within one hour to the area of Satsuki, where they were not present before. Three concentric areas were established such as; the parental area (PA), intermediate area (IA) and outer area (OA). A total of 831 new corals were found in 1997 while 54.3% of these occurred in PA, 30.5% in IA and 15.1% in OA. In 1998, 52.3% of recruits settled in PA, 30.5% in IA and 17.2% in OA. A significant difference in the density of recruits was found among three areas, but recruit density was not significantly different between years and there was no interaction between area and year. There was no significant difference in the number of recruits among different directions, indicating no tendency for larvae to be concentrated in one particular direction. The present study suggests that the planulae of P. damicornis have limited dispersal distances at high-latitudes© Untuk menjelaskan pola penyebaran karang scleractinia Pocillopora damicornis yang berada di batas Utara penyebarannya, total 50 koloni (15-25 cm) dari karang ini dikumpulkan dari Pulau Ooshima, Jepang, dan di transplantasikan dalam waktu satu jam ke daerah Satsuki yang tidak ditemukan jenis ini. Tiga daerah ditetapkan yaitu, Daerah Induk (PA), Daerah Tengah (IA), dan Daerah Luar (OA). Sebanyak 831 karang baru ditemukan pada tahun 1997, sementara 54,3% ditemukan di PA, 30,5% di IA dan 15,1% di OA. Pada tahun 1998, 52,3% ditemukan di PA, 30,5% di IA, dan 17,2% di OA. Ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan untuk kepadatan antara ketiga daerah tersebut, tetapi tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antar tahun dan tidak ada interaksi antara daerah dan tahun. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam jumlah pada arah yang berbeda sehingga hal ini menunjukkan tidak ada kecenderungan bagi larva untuk terkonsentrasi pada satu arah tertentu. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa planula P.

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12

Falconer, Elizabeth, and Tony Lewis. "Like a Bird: Satsuki Odamura with Ian Cleworth, Riley Lee, Cleis Pearce, Kazue Sawai." Ethnomusicology 39, no. 1 (1995): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/852220.

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13

Eakes, Joseph, and John W. Olive. "A COMPARISON OF 12- TO 14- MONTH SLOW RELEASE FERTILIZERS IN AZALEA PRODUCTION." HortScience 26, no. 5 (May 1991): 485a—485. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.5.485a.

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Five 12- to 14- month slow release fertilizers (Osmocote 17-7-12, Sierra 16-6-10, High-N 24-4-7, Sierrablend 17-7-10, and Nutricote 16-10-10 Type 360) were incorporated into a 3:1 pine bark: peat moss potting medium at one of 4 rates (0.9, 1.2, 1.5, and 1.8 kg N/m3). Plant growth of 3 azale a species, `Coral Bells' (Kurume), `Formosa' (Southern Indica), and `Pink Gumpo' (Satsuki), and monthly medium solution electrical conductivity (EC) were determined. Growth indices 180 days after applying fertilizer were greatest for plants receiving the Sierrablend and Osmocote fertilizers regardless of azalea species. Plant growth indices increased as N rate increased for the 3 azaleas, regardless of the fertilizer product. The highest media solution EC readings occurred during the first 90 days after fertilizer application for all fertilizer treatments and declined thereafter.

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14

White, Merry. "Satsuki Kawano, Glenda S. Roberts and Susan Orpett Long (eds),Capturing Contemporary Japan: Differentiation and Uncertainty." Japanese Studies 36, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10371397.2016.1145038.

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15

Wilson, Chris, and Ted Whitwell. "Tolerance of Nineteen Species of Container Grown Landscape Plants to Postemergence Applications of Basagran." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 11, no. 2 (June 1, 1993): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-11.2.86.

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Abstract Nineteen container grown landscape species were evaluated for tolerance to postemergence (topical) applications of Basagran (bentazon) at 1.1 and 2.2 kg ai/ha (1 and 2 lb ai/A). Visual injury ratings were made at 14 and 37 days after treatment and growth measurements at the end of the study. Both rates of Basagran were phytotoxic to Amagasa Azalea (Rhododendron satsuki ‘Amagasa’), Crimson Pygmy Barberry (Berberis thunbergii D.C. ‘Crimson Pygmy’), Coral Beauty Cotoneaster (Cotoneaster dammeri C.K. ‘Coral Beauty’), Heavenly Bamboo (Nandina domestica Thunb.) and Holmstrup Arbovitae (Thuja occidentalis L. ‘Homstrup’) 14 days after treatment. Azalea and Heavenly Bamboo treated with the low rate recovered from the earlier injury by 37 days after treatment. Sasanqua Camellia (Camellia sasanqua Thunb. ‘Cleopatra’), Rotunda Holly (Ilex cornuta Lindl. and Paxt. ‘Rotunda’) and Schellings Dwarf Yaupon Holly (Ilex vomitoria Ait. ‘Schellings’), Hetzi Blue Chinese Juniper (Juniperus chinensis L. ‘Hetzi I. Glauca’), and Wax-Leaf Privet (Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.) exhibited no visual damage or growth reduction. The remaining species were injured to differing degrees.

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16

Martinez, Dolores. "Capturing Contemporary Japan: Differentiation and Uncertainty, edited by Satsuki Kawano, Glenda S. Roberts and Susan Orpett Long." Japan Forum 27, no. 3 (July 3, 2015): 428–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09555803.2015.1069880.

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17

BENDER, SHAWN. "Capturing Contemporary Japan: Differentiation and Uncertainty. Satsuki Kawano, GlendaRoberts, and Susan OrpettLong, eds. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2014. viii + 360 pp." American Ethnologist 42, no. 3 (August 2015): 556–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/amet.18_12146.

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18

Danely, Jason. "Nature's Embrace: Japan's Aging Urbanites and New Death Rites. By Satsuki Kawano. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2010. ix, 220 pp. $47.00 (cloth)." Journal of Asian Studies 70, no. 1 (February 2011): 239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911810003402.

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19

Sanico, Alvin M., Satsuki Atsuta, David Proud, and Alkis Togias. "Plasma extravasation through neuronal stimulation in human nasal mucosa in the setting of allergic rhinitis." Journal of Applied Physiology 84, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1998.84.2.537.

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Sanico, Alvin M., Satsuki Atsuta, David Proud, and Alkis Togias. Plasma extravasation through neuronal stimulation in human nasal mucosa in the setting of allergic rhinitis. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(2): 537–543, 1998.—We have previously shown that capsaicin nasal challenge in subjects with allergic rhinitis produces a dose-dependent increase in the albumin content of nasal lavage fluids. In the present set of studies, we determined whether this observation represents plasma extravasation that is neuronally mediated. To evaluate whether glandular secretions contribute to the albumin increase in nasal lavage fluids, volunteers with allergic rhinitis were pretreated with atropine or placebo before capsaicin challenge. Atropine significantly reduced the volume of returned lavage fluids and their lysozyme content but increased their albumin and fibrinogen content. To assess the contribution of sensory nerve stimulation, subjects with allergic rhinitis were pretreated in a second study with lidocaine or placebo before capsaicin challenge. Lidocaine significantly attenuated the capsaicin-induced increases in the volume of nasal lavage fluids, as well as their lysozyme and albumin content. To rule out the possibility of a direct effect of lidocaine on blood vessels rather than on nerves, healthy subjects were pretreated in a third study with lidocaine or placebo before bradykinin nasal challenge. Lidocaine did not affect the bradykinin-induced increase in the albumin content of nasal fluids. We conclude that, in allergic rhinitis, high-dose capsaicin induces plasma extravasation in the human nose and that this effect is neuronally mediated. This provides more definitive evidence that neurogenic inflammation can occur in vivo in the human upper airway.

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20

Ebersole, Gary L. "Satsuki Kawano, . Ritual Practice in Modern Japan: Ordering Place, People, and Action. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2005. viii+152 pp. $42.00 (cloth); $17.00 (paper)." Journal of Religion 87, no. 4 (October 2007): 658–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/522457.

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21

Knight, Patricia R., John M. Anderson, and Ralph A. Parks. "The Effect of Media and Lime Incorporation on Growth of Three Azaleas." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 516a—516. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.516a.

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The influence of media and lime incorporation was investigated for a satsuki (Rhododendron eriocarpum `Pink Gumpo'), a kurume (Rhododendron obtusum `Girard's rose), and a Southern indica azalea (Rhododendron indicum `Formosa'). Uniform liners of each cultivar were planted into 2.8-L containers on 11 Apr. 1997 and placed under shade. Media evaluated included 4 pine bark (pb):0 coconut coir pith (cc), 3 pb:1 peatmoss, 3 pb:1 cc, 2 pb:2 cc, 1 pb:3 cc, and 0 pb:4 cc. Dolomitic limestone was incorporated at 0 or 1.2 kg/m3, and Micromax was incorporated at 0.6 kg/m3. Data collected included pH and electrical conductivity and growth. Liming increased pH for 4 pb:0 cc and 4 pb:1 peatmoss treatments compared to unlimed 4 pb:0 cc and 4 pb:1 peat moss treatments 0 DAT, respectively, but electrical conductivity measurements were similar. By 240 DAT, pH measurements for all treatments were similar. Medium composed of 4 pb:0 cc and dolomitic limestone had higher conductivity compared to all other treatments. Growth of Formosa was only impacted when plants grown in 3 pb:1 peat moss or 2 pb:2 cc with no dolomitic limestone were compared to plants grown in 4 pb:0 cc and dolomitic limestone. Addition of dolomitic limestone did not influence growth within any media. Growth of Girard's rose was higher for plants grown in 1 pb:3 cc regardless of dolomitic limestone amendment, and growth was lower for plants grown in 4 pb:0 cc with no dolomitic limestone although there were similarities between other treatments. Incorporation of dolomitic limestone increased growth when plants were grown in 4 pb:0 cc. Growth of pink gumpo was not influenced by media.

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22

Martinez, D. P. "Ritual Practice in Modern Japan: Ordering Place, People, and Action. By Satsuki Kawano. Honolulu: University of Hawai/i Press, 2005. viii, 152 pp. $42.00 (cloth); $17.00 (paper)." Journal of Asian Studies 65, no. 1 (February 2006): 194–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911806000386.

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23

Copes, Warren E., and Eugene K. Blythe. "Chemical and Hot Water Treatments to Control Rhizoctonia AG P Infesting Stem Cuttings of Azalea." HortScience 44, no. 5 (August 2009): 1370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.44.5.1370.

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In the southern and eastern United States, azalea stems cut during the spring for propagation may be infested with Rhizoctonia spp. Multiple methods were evaluated in a series of laboratory experiments for the purpose of eliminating Rhizoctonia from stem cuttings of Rhododendron L. ‘Gumpo White’ [‘Gumpo White’ (Satsuki) azalea] to prevent spread of azalea web blight during the propagation phase of nursery production. Leafless stem sections were inoculated with an isolate of binucleate Rhizoctonia anastomosis group P (AG P). Disinfestants (sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen dioxide, and quaternary ammonium chloride) or fungicides (chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl and flutolanil) applied at several rates (below, at, and above label rates) did not eliminate Rhizoctonia AG P from stem sections. Recovery of Rhizoctonia AG P was not reduced by submersing stem pieces in 45 °C water, but was eliminated at water temperatures of 50 °C or greater. Mortality of Rhizoctonia infesting azalea stem pieces was best explained by a cubic regression model. Mortality increased with increasing time (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5, 6, 7.5, 9, 10.5, 12, 15, 18, and 21 min) in water at 50 and 55 °C and with increasing temperatures (52, 55, 58, 61, 64, 67, and 70 °C) when stem pieces were submerged for 30 and 60 s. The duration of hot water treatment at which 99% of stem pieces were predicted to be free of Rhizoctonia was 20 min 16 s at 50 °C and 5 min 19 s at 55 °C. The average water temperature at which 99% of the stem pieces were predicted to be free of Rhizoctonia was 60.2 and 56.9 °C when stem pieces were submerged for 30 and 60 s, respectively. Only minor leaf damage occurred on terminal, leafy stem cuttings when submerged in 50 °C water after 40 min. Severe leaf damage did occur if cuttings were submerged long enough in water of 55 °C or greater. Leaf damage was predicted to exceed a proportional leaf damage value of 0.25 (indicating severe damage) when leafy stem cuttings were submerged in 55 °C water for longer than 13 min 54 s or for 30 and 60 s with water temperature greater than 57.4 and greater than 56.8 °C, respectively. Of the methods tested, submersion in hot water has the greatest potential for eliminating Rhizoctonia AG P from azalea stem cuttings. Submerging stem pieces in 50 °C water for 21 min eliminated Rhizoctonia and provided the least risk for development of severe leaf damage.

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24

Li, Zhao, Peng Li, and Tianyong Han. "Bifurcation, Traveling Wave Solutions, and Stability Analysis of the Fractional Generalized Hirota–Satsuma Coupled KdV Equations." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (October 18, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5303295.

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In this paper, the bifurcation, phase portraits, traveling wave solutions, and stability analysis of the fractional generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV equations are investigated by utilizing the bifurcation theory. Firstly, the fractional generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV equations are transformed into two-dimensional Hamiltonian system by traveling wave transformation and the bifurcation theory. Then, the traveling wave solutions of the fractional generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV equations corresponding to phase orbits are easily obtained by applying the method of planar dynamical systems; these solutions include not only the bell solitary wave solutions, kink solitary wave solutions, anti-kink solitary wave solutions, and periodic wave solutions but also Jacobian elliptic function solutions. Finally, the stability criteria of the generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV equations are given.

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25

Ankiewicz, A., U. Bandelow, and N. Akhmediev. "Generalised Sasa–Satsuma Equation: Densities Approach to New Infinite Hierarchy of Integrable Evolution Equations." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 73, no. 12 (November 27, 2018): 1121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2018-0377.

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AbstractWe derive the new infinite Sasa–Satsuma hierarchy of evolution equations using an invariant densities approach. Being significantly simpler than the Lax-pair technique, this approach does not involve ponderous 3 × 3 matrices. Moreover, it allows us to explicitly obtain operators of many orders involved in the time evolution of the Sasa–Satsuma hierarchy functionals. All these operators are parts of a generalised Sasa–Satsuma equation of infinitely high order. They enter this equation with independent arbitrary real coefficients that govern the evolution pattern of this multiparameter dynamical system.

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26

Zhai, Yunyun, and Xianguo Geng. "The coupled Sasa–Satsuma hierarchy: Trigonal curve and finite genus solutions." Analysis and Applications 15, no. 05 (October 19, 2016): 667–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219530516500214.

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Based on the Lenard recursion equations and the stationary zero-curvature equation, we derive the coupled Sasa–Satsuma hierarchy, in which a typical number is the coupled Sasa–Satsuma equation. The properties of the associated trigonal curve and the meromorphic functions are studied, which naturally give the essential singularities and divisors of the meromorphic functions. By comparing the asymptotic expansions for the Baker–Akhiezer function and its Riemann theta function representation, we arrive at the finite genus solutions of the whole coupled Sasa–Satsuma hierarchy in terms of the Riemann theta function.

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27

Ma, Wen-Xiu, Jie Li, and Chaudry Masood Khalique. "A Study on Lump Solutions to a Generalized Hirota-Satsuma-Ito Equation in (2+1)-Dimensions." Complexity 2018 (December 2, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9059858.

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The Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation in (2+1)-dimensions passes the three-soliton test. This paper aims to generalize this equation to a new one which still has abundant interesting solution structures. Based on the Hirota bilinear formulation, a symbolic computation with a new class of Hirota-Satsuma-Ito type equations involving general second-order derivative terms is conducted to require having lump solutions. Explicit expressions for lump solutions are successfully presented in terms of coefficients in a generalized Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation. Three-dimensional plots and contour plots of a special presented lump solution are made to shed light on the characteristic of the resulting lump solutions.

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28

Kitajima, Akira, Atsu Yamasaki, Tsuyoshi Habu, Bannarat Preedasuttijit, and Kojiro Hasegawa. "Chromosome Identification and Karyotyping of Satsuma Mandarin by Genomic In Situ Hybridization." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 132, no. 6 (November 2007): 836–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.132.6.836.

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Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marcow.) chromosomes were stained with Giemsa and fluorochromes chromomycin A3 (CMA)/4′,6-diamidino-2-phenyindole (DAPI). Eighteen chromosomes were categorized into eight groups by the position and relative size of the CMA (+) region and relative length of chromosome. Ponkan (C. reticulata Blanco) DNA labeled with Dig-rhodamine (red) and pummelo [C. maxima (Burm.) Merr.] DNA labeled with biotin-fluorescein isothiocyanate (green) were used as genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) probes. GISH signals were detected on CMA (+) regions and other heterochromatin blocks. The chromosomes were categorized into 12 groups by the coloration and size of GISH signals with relative length of chromosomes. GISH allowed six pairs of speculated homozygous and six individual heterozygous chromosomes of satsuma mandarin to be identified unambiguously. In 10 chromosomes with distinct GISH signals on the CMA (+) regions, red GISH signals were detected on nine chromosomes, indicating that satsuma mandarin is closely related to ponkan. Two colors (red and green) of GISH signals were detected on type C chromosome and three different colors (red, green, and yellow) were detected on type A, indicating that pummelo is involved in the origin of satsuma mandarin. The origins of types A and C chromosomes in satsuma mandarin were also discussed. This article demonstrates that GISH is a powerful tool for chromosome identification and karyotyping in citrus.

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29

Lu, Jun-Feng, and Li Ma. "Analytical approach to a generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled Korteweg-de Vries equation by modified variational iteration method." Thermal Science 20, no. 3 (2016): 885–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1603885l.

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In this paper, we apply the modified variational iteration method to a generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. The numerical solutions of the initial value problem of the generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV equation are provided. Numerical results are given to show the efficiency of the modified variational iteration method.

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30

Sudo, Miki, Kiichi Yasuda, Masaki Yahata, Mai Sato, Akiyoshi Tominaga, Hiroo Mukai, Gang Ma, Masaya Kato, and Hisato Kunitake. "Morphological Characteristics, Fruit Qualities and Evaluation of Reproductive Functions in Autotetraploid Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marcow.)." Agronomy 11, no. 12 (November 29, 2021): 2441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122441.

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The morphological characteristics and fruit quality of an autotetraploid plant selected from nucellar seedlings of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marcow.) were investigated. Additionally, in order to evaluate the reproductive potential of male and female gametes of the tetraploid Satsuma mandarin, reciprocal crosses with diploid cultivars were also carried out. The tetraploid had significantly thick and round leaves, as compared to those of the diploid Satsuma mandarin. The sizes of the flowers and pollen grains of the tetraploid were significantly larger than those of the diploid. Pollen fertility of tetraploid was high compared with that of the diploid. The tetraploid produced seedless fruits. The fruit weight of the tetraploid was equal to that of the diploid. Compared to the diploid fruits, the tetraploid fruit had less sugar contents and more organic acid contents. Although the tetraploid fruits showed similar traits to other Citrus tetraploids such as thick and hard peels, the tetraploid had a higher content of carotenoids in the flavedo than the diploid, and the rind color of the tetraploid was much better. In the reciprocal crosses between the tetraploid Satsuma mandarin and diploid cultivars, some seeds were obtained, and triploid progenies were obtained in all cross combinations.

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de Souza, Monique, Raghuwinder Singh, Churamani Khanal, Ansel Rankins, and Brett Laird. "Screening of Commercially Available Satsuma (Citrus unshiu and C. reticulata) Cultivars for Their Susceptibility to Citrus Canker Caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri." Plant Health Progress 22, no. 2 (January 1, 2021): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-12-20-0105-rs.

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Citrus canker presents major challenges in citrus production worldwide. The disease spreads and develops rapidly under conducive environmental conditions, and Louisiana’s hot and humid weather provides highly favorable conditions for citrus canker development in both commercial and backyard citrus production. Despite being considered eradicated in late 1940s, citrus canker was reconfirmed in Louisiana in 2013. Citrus is the most popular fruit tree grown commercially and in backyards in Louisiana, and satsumas dominate with 63% of total citrus acreage. The results from an annual citrus cooperative agricultural pest survey from 2014 to 2016 revealed that satsumas are highly tolerant to citrus canker with only 2.5% disease incidence, but the survey lacked information on the types of satsuma cultivar. The main objective of this study was to screen commercially available satsuma cultivars including Brown’s Select, Louisiana Early, Miho, Owari, and St. Ann for their susceptibility to citrus canker under natural field disease inoculum conditions with a goal to provide citrus growers with alternate disease management tactics. The results showed that there were significant differences in disease severity (average number of lesions per leaf) among the satsuma cultivars. Of the five satsuma cultivars, Brown’s Select and Miho consistently showed less disease severity with delayed incidence. Additionally, both Brown’s Select and Miho exhibited significantly smaller lesion size, which could lower canker inoculum production for secondary infections. This work provides Louisiana growers with scientific field-based data to make sound decisions in selecting less-susceptible satsuma cultivars for future plantings to mitigate disease spread and development in the state.

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Kishi, Kenshi, Yoshimasa Tohnai, and Masashi Yamada. "The ‘‘Satsuma’’ biwa." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 100, no. 4 (October 1996): 2744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.416866.

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Choi, Soo Hyun. "Satsuma - 3rd Place." Journal of Medical Humanities 42, no. 4 (November 23, 2021): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10912-021-09719-w.

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Liu, Xi-Zhong, and Jun Yu. "Solving Supersymmetric Hirota–Satsuma Equation by a Direct Bosonization Approach." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 68, no. 8-9 (September 1, 2013): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/zna.2013-0034.

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The N = 1 supersymmetric Hirota-Satsuma equation is transformed into systems of coupled bosonic equations by expanding fermionic superfield in terms of 2, 3, and n(n ≥ 4) Grassmann parameters, respectively. Taking advantage of the resulting coupled bosonic systems being linear in the undetermined variables, the supersymmetric Hirota-Satsuma equation is solved out by using the mapping and deformation method. Besides, the richness of the localized excitations of the supersymmetric integrable system is discovered.

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Tignor, Milton E., Frederick S. Davies, and Wayne B. Sherman. "Freezing Tolerance and Growth Characteristics of USDA Intergeneric Citrus Hybrids US 119 and Selection 17-11." HortScience 33, no. 4 (July 1998): 744–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.4.744.

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Two USDA intergeneric, hybrid citrus scions, US 119 {[Citrus paradisi Mac. `Duncan' × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] × C. sinensis Osb. `Succory'} and selection 17-11 {C. grandis US 145 × [Citrus paradisi Mac. `Duncan' × P. trifoliata (L.) Raf.]} on `Swingle' citrumelo (C. paradisi × P. trifoliata) rootstocks were examined for freeze hardiness traits (4 years) and general growth characteristics (2 years). Hardiness was compared with that of `Hamlin' orange [C. sinensis (L.) Osb.] and satsuma mandarin (C. unshiu Marc) from Fall 1993 to Spring 1997. As expected, US 119 and 17-11 were both hardier than `Hamlin' orange as determined by leaf disc electrolyte leakage (EL). Both showed freezing tolerance similar to that of satsuma mandarin, but 17-11 was significantly hardier than satsuma or US 119 at several times during the 4-year study. Trunk diameter and tree height were similar for US 119 and selection 17-11.

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Zhang, Min, Xiuxin Deng, Changping Qin, Chunli Chen, Hongyan Zhang, Qing Liu, Zhiyong Hu, et al. "Characterization of a New Natural Periclinal Navel–Satsuma Chimera of Citrus: ‘Zaohong’ Navel Orange." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 132, no. 3 (May 2007): 374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.132.3.374.

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‘Zaohong’ navel orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck + C. unshiu Marc.], a new strain of citrus from a graft chimera, was discovered in China. It was diploid and arose at the junction where a ‘Robertson’ navel orange scion was top-worked onto a Satsuma mandarin (C. unshiu). Some characteristics determined by the L1 cell layer, such as juice sacs of fruit and stoma length, were similar to those of Satsuma mandarin, while others, including leaf index, fruit shape, navel, and color and aroma of the rind, were determined by the L2 cell layer, were similar to ‘Robertson’ navel orange. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the carotenoid extracts of the flesh of ‘Zaohong’ navel orange indicated that it had the carotenoids profile of Satsuma mandarin with β-cryptoxanthin as the predominant component in the juice sacs in mature fruit. Simple sequence repeats (SSR) and chloroplast simple sequence repeats (cpSSR) analysis showed that both nuclear and chloroplast genomes of ‘Zaohong’ navel orange were composed of both donor plants. On the basis of these facts, ‘Zaohong’ navel orange was found to be a periclinal chimera consisting of L1 derived from Satsuma mandarin and L2/L3 from ‘Robertson’ navel orange. It combined the valuable traits of both donor plants, matured ≈1 month earlier than the present navel orange cultivars, and therefore had good potential in citrus fresh market.

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Abouzari, Abouzar, Mahmood Solouki, Behrouz Golein, Barat Ali Fakheri, and Atefeh Sabouri. "The change trend in physiological traits of 110 citrus accessions in response to cold stress." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 49, no. 2 (September 20, 2020): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v49i2.49319.

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In order to investigate the change process of some physiological indices in response to four temperature levels (3, 0, ‒3 and ‒6°C), 110 Citrus accessions consisting of 76 unknown natural biotypes and 34 known genotypes were studied using the split-plot design with three replications. Two genotypes Poncirus and Mexican lime (as cold tolerant and cold susceptible, respectively) were used as control genotypes. Electrolyte leakage, leaf water soaking, and lipid peroxidation had increasing trends with the decrease of temperature. On the other hand, for tolerance criteria (antioxidant capacity, proline content, total carbohydrates, and enzymatic activities) sigmoidal trends were recorded. For electrolyte leakage and leaf water soaking, Poncirus, Satsuma mandarin, and the unknown biotype G8 had the smallest range of mean variation at four stress temperatures. Also, for lipid peroxidation, Siavaraz 1, Satsuma mandarin, and sour orange had the lowest range of change. Proline content evaluation showed that Satsuma mandarin and two natural biotypes- Moallemkoh and Siavaraz 2-experienced the highest changes in proline accumulation.

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Hellyer, Robert I. "INTRA-ASIAN TRADE AND THE BAKUMATSU CRISIS: RECONSIDERING TOKUGAWA COMMERCIAL POLICIES IN LATE EDO PERIOD JAPAN." International Journal of Asian Studies 2, no. 1 (December 10, 2004): 83–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479591405000045.

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By moving away from locating the significance of late Edo period Japanese foreign trade within the context of industrialization, this essay offers an alternative interpretation of the weakness of the Tokugawa regime and contrasting success of the Satsuma domain during the bakumatsu period crisis of the mid-nineteenth century. It argues that the marine product export trade to China provides a useful tool to understand the Tokugawa commercial strategy that focused not on “capital accumulation,” so important in the Western experience, but on supporting the economy of Nagasaki and the port's key role in the system of foreign relations. In turn it shows how Satsuma, not fettered with the same “national” goals, developed a more flexible strategy that used marine product exports to build a broad domestic and foreign trade network. With its commercial enterprises, Satsuma challenged Tokugawa commercial dominance and by implication, political authority, contributing to the larger political divisions that helped to define the bakumatsu crisis.

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39

Siqueira, Dalmo Lopes de, José Luis Guardiola Barcena, and Marlon Dutra Degli Esposti. "Florescimento de tangerineiras satsuma 'Owari' tratadas com paclobutrazol, anelamento do caule e baixa temperatura." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 26, no. 3 (December 2004): 406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452004000300009.

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O retardador de crescimento paclobutrazol (PBZ) e o anelamento dos ramos foram aplicados em mudas de tangerineira satsuma 'Owari' sobre porta-enxerto de citrange 'Carrizo', cultivadas em vaso e mantidas em dois ambientes (câmaras de crescimento com temperatura diurna de 15(0)C e noturna de 8(0)C e com temperatura diurna de 26(0)C e noturna de 20(0)C). Houve aumento significativo no florescimento da tangerineira 'Satsuma', devido ao regime de baixas temperaturas (15/8ºC); entretanto, o PBZ não foi efetivo na indução do florescimento da tangerineira 'Satsuma' em ambas as condições de temperatura (15/8ºC e 26/20ºC). O florescimento aumentou quando as plantas foram aneladas, principalmente nas condições de temperaturas baixas (15/8ºC). A aplicação de paclobutrazol e o anelamento induziram variações nas concentrações de carboidratos nas folhas e raízes das plantas; entretanto, não foi possível estabelecer relação de causa-efeito entre florescimento e os níveis de carboidratos na planta.

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Beaulieu, John C., Maureen A. Tully, Rebecca E. Stein-Chisholm, and Javier M. Obando-Ulloa. "Processing and Enzymatic Treatment Effects on Louisiana-grown Fresh Satsuma Juice." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 139, no. 4 (July 2014): 374–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.139.4.374.

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A study was performed to evaluate the ability to rapidly produce fresh satsuma (Citrus reticulata) juice from local fruit with minimum processing inputs. Volatile flavor and aroma compounds, subjective assessments, and quality parameters were used to determine the changes that occur from different juice processing techniques, storage conditions, and enzymatic treatments. In freshly pressed Louisiana-grown satsuma juices, 44 compounds were recovered, of which 31 were positively identified. Based on volatile recovery and a consensus approach used in orange-fleshed Citrus species reported in the literature, 19 compounds were evaluated. Limonene was the dominant integrated peak in all unpeeled and peeled pressed juices (PPJ). Peel removal resulted in 98.4% of the total volatiles being lost and the distribution of the volatiles remaining was markedly different compared with whole-pressed fruit juice. Aside from a 63.4% increase in valencene after enzyme treatments, there seemed to be no marked volatile, subjective, or quality improvements from the enzymes used in this study. In general, peeled pressed fruit produced an acceptable, mildly citrus-flavored, balanced acidity, sweet, not-from-concentrate juice. Concentrates made from PPJ and reconstituted satsuma juices indicated clearly that most desirable aroma/flavor volatile compounds were stripped from juices during concentrating. Data reported suggest more attention would be required to maintain the top notes and subtle volatile balance during commercialization in rapidly produced fresh satsuma juices through use of industrial equipment (peeler) or by adding back essence or flavor packs for consistent consumer satisfaction.

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Muramatsu, Noboru, Toshio Takahara, and Tatsushi Ogata. "Seasonal Fluctuations of the Firmness and Cell Wall Polysaccharides of Citrus Fruit Rind." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 684f—685. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.684f.

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To compare to two types of Citrus fruit rind [i.e., soft type (satsuma mandarin, Citrus unshiu Marc.) and firm type (Hassaku, C. Hassaku Hort. Tanaka)], rind firmness and contents of cell wall polysaccharides were measured from August to January. In August, firmness was measured by a puncture test and found to be ≈3000g in both species. Firmness of satsuma mandarin decreased drastically with time from August to September and decreased slightly thereafter. In contrast, Hassaku firmness increased slightly from August to September, decreased from September to November, and fluctuated. Hassaku firmness, therefore, was significantly higher than satsuma mandarin firmness after September. We measured sugar content in each fraction after fractionalizing cell wall polysaccharides. In flavedo tissue, sugar content in cellulose fraction was the highest, followed by hot-water and EDTA fraction; hemicellulose fraction was the lowest. Although both species were almost the same in sugar content in cellulose and EDTA fraction in August, satsuma mandarin was significantly higher than Hassaku in January. These data showed that changing of rind firmness in citrus was related to the sugar content of cellulose and EDTA fraction in flavedo tissue. In albedo tissue, sugar content in the cellulose fraction was the highest, followed by hemicellulose and hot-water fraction, and EDTA fraction was the lowest. However the extent of seasonal fluctuation in albedo tissue was smaller than that of flavedo tissue, not having any relation to the changing of the firmness.

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Korzune, Maciel, Fabrício William Ávila, Renato Vasconcelos Botelho, Marcelo Marques Lopes Muller, Poliana Horst Petranski, Eduardo Luiz Costa Tobias Pinto, Talia Aksenen, Sidnei Osmar Jadoski, and Leandro Rampim. "Effects of gypsum on growth and nutrient status of forage grasses cultivated between the rows of organically grown Satsuma mandarin in an Oxisol from subtropical Brazil." Crop and Pasture Science 72, no. 11 (2021): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp21316.

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Gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) decreases the harmful effect of soil acidity on plants and provides calcium (Ca) and sulfur (S) for plant nutrition. Setaria grass (Setaria anceps Stapf) and black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) are forage grasses that are tolerant of low soil fertility and may be suitable as inter-row crops for Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) grown organically on Oxisol soils, which may suffer low native fertility and high acidity. We evaluated the effect of gypsum application to a low fertility soil from subtropical Brazil on soil chemical fertility, growth and plant nutrition of Satsuma mandarin, and plant biomass yield and soil nutrient extraction of setaria grass and black oat cultivated between the orchard rows, in the absence of soluble industrial (NPK) fertilisers. The entire experimental field was limed, and ground natural phosphate rock was applied. During planting of the Satsuma mandarin, organic manure and ground natural phosphate rock were mixed with soil and placed in each planting hole. Two agricultural gypsum treatments were applied: one without gypsum (control), and the other with gypsum at 6 tha−1. After 12months, gypsum reduced the level of aluminium (Al3+) and increased Ca2+ at soil depth 0–40cm, and increased S-SO42− at soil depth 0–60cm. Other soil chemical components (pH, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and micronutrients) were not affected by gypsum application. Gypsum did not affect growth of Satsuma mandarin, but increased leaf S concentration. Between the rows, gypsum decreased nitrogen extraction by setaria grass and increased Ca and S extractions by black oat. Biomass yield and nutrient extraction by the studied forage grasses were satisfactory, considering the poor soil fertility conditions. Setaria grass exhibited higher efficiency in recycling nutrients from the chemically poor soils than black oat. In general, setaria grass and black oat can be used as inter-row forage grasses for organic orchards of Satsuma mandarin, where there are restrictions on use of soluble industrial fertilisers.

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Horn, Pierre L., and Jacques Alisier. "La dame hors de saison: Journal de Satsuko." World Literature Today 64, no. 2 (1990): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40146422.

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Fan, Engui. "Travelling Wave Solutions for Two Generalized Hirota-Satsuma Coupled KdV Systems." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 56, no. 3-4 (April 1, 2001): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2001-0314.

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Abstract In this paper we present an extended tanh method that utilizes symbolic computations to obtain more travelling wave solutions for two generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV systems in a unified way. The key idea of this method is to take full advantage of a Riccati equation involving a parameter and use its solutions to replace the tanh-function by the tanh method. It is quite interesting that the numbers and types of the traveling wave solutions can be judged from the sign of the parameter. In this paper we investigate the two generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV systems

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Khalique, Chaudry Masood. "Closed-form solutions and conservation laws of a generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV system of fluid mechanics." Open Physics 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2021-0002.

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Abstract In this article, a generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) system is investigated from the group standpoint. This system represents an interplay of long waves with distinct dispersion correlations. Using Lie’s theory several symmetry reductions are performed and the system is reduced to systems of non-linear ordinary differential equations (NLODEs). Subsequently, the simplest equation method is invoked to find exact solutions of the NLODE systems, which then provides the solitary wave solutions for the system under discussion. Finally, we construct conservation laws of generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV system with the aid of general multiplier approach.

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Yakushiji, Hiroshi, Hiroshi Nonami, Toshio Fukuyama, Sukeyuki Ono, Nobuo Takagi, and Yasushi Hashimoto. "Sugar Accumulation Enhanced by Osmoregulation in Satsuma Mandarin Fruit." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 121, no. 3 (May 1996): 466–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.3.466.

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The effect of water stress induced to enhance sugar accumulation in Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) fruit was investigated. Satsuma mandarin trees were subjected to water stress using mulch cultivation from late August to early December. In mulch treatment, soil was covered with double-layered plastic sheets that prevented rainfall from permeating the soil, but allowed water from soil to evaporate. The water status of soil, fine roots, pericarps, and juice vesicles was determined using the isopiestic psychrometer. As the severity of water stress increased, both water potential and osmotic potential of fine roots and pericarps significantly decreased in plants grown under mulch cultivation compared to well-watered trees. Although water potential and osmotic potential decreased, turgor of both roots and pericarps of the water stressed trees did not decrease under water stress conditions. Because turgor was maintained, osmoregulation occurred in Satsuma mandarin trees in response to water stress. The osmotic potential of juice vesicles in water-stressed fruit gradually decreased, and sugars accumulated in vesicle cells. Concentrations of sucrose, fructose, and glucose increased in fruit sap under water stress, and the acidity in the fruit juice increased. Furthermore, the total sugar content per fruit of water stressed trees was significantly higher than in fruit of well-watered trees. These results suggest that sugar accumulation in Satsuma mandarin fruit was not caused by dehydration under water stress but rather that sugars were accumulated by active osmoregulation in response to water stress. When sugar components in osmoregulated fruit were analyzed, it was found that monosaccharides, i.e., glucose and fructose, were largely responsible for active osmoregulation in fruit under water stress conditions.

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LI, ZHU. "EXACT TRAVELING WAVE SOLUTIONS OF THE GENERALIZED HIROTA–SATSUMA COUPLED KdV EQUATION." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 22 (September 10, 2010): 4333–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979210054270.

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48

Černi, S., D. Škorić, and M. Krajačić. "Preliminary molecular characterization of some Citrus tristeza Closterovirus isolates infecting Croatian citrus." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (December 31, 2017): 264–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10460-pps.

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Citrus tristeza Closterovirus (CTV) is widespread in major citrus-growing regions of the world often causing destructive diseases. Citrus samples were taken from orchards in the Croatian coastal region. CTV was detected in two symptomless field trees of Satsuma mandarins and one diseased lemon tree. Double-stranded RNA was isolated from the field trees and the dsRNA patterns were compared in polyacrylamide gels. The same dsRNA extracts were used as templates in RT-PCR experiments amplifying the CTV coat protein sequence. Amplicons were subjected to SSCP and RFLP analyses. The results indicate greater similarity between CTV isolates from Satsuma mandarins than between these two and the lemon isolate.

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Izumi, Hidemi, Kazuo Hisa, and Yukari Murakami. "Sanitation and Microbiological Quality in Production Field and Fruit-Packing Shed of Persimmon and Satsuma Mandarin in Japan." Microbiology Insights 1 (January 2008): MBI.S868. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/mbi.s868.

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The effects of sanitation treatments including chlorination (ca 10 ppm available chlorine) of agricultural water and ethyl alcohol (70%) spraying on packing shed equipment on microbial contamination on fruits and the environment were determined and compared with those in conventionally managed field and packing shed in persimmon and satsuma mandarin orchards. Chlorinated water reduced the microbial counts to levels below the lower limit of detection (1.4 log CFU/ml for bacteria and 2.0 log CFU/ml for fungi) in most agricultural water samples. Microbial counts of pesticide solution, which contained the agricultural water or chlorinated water for the mixture, were lower in sanitary field than in control field in both fruit orchards. The number of bacterial and mold species detected in agricultural water, chlorinated water, and pesticide solution were almost proportional to microbial counts in each sample throughout the year. The chlorination treatment of agricultural water tended to reduce the counts of mesophiles and fungi on the peel of persimmon fruit during production season. The ethyl alcohol spray treatment on packing shed equipment resulted in a substantial microbial reduction on plastic harvest basket and container in persimmon orchard and plastic harvest basket and container, gloves, scissors, and size sorter in satsuma mandarin orchard. The spray application on packing shed equipment reduced the counts of mesophiles and fungi on the peel of persimmon fruit by >1 log CFU/g. The number of satsuma mandarin packing shed equipment containing the species found on fruit peel was higher in control than in sanitary packing shed. No human pathogens such as verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella were detected in any of the fruit and environmental samples. These results indicate that uses of sanitizers such as chlorine for agricultural water and ethyl alcohol for packing shed equipment would be useful in a good agricultural practices program of persimmons and satsuma mandarin.

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N, Pudyastuti Anggit, Darmanto YS, and Fronthea Swastawati. "Quality Analysis Satsuma Age of Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus sp) Processed Using Different Kind of Flours." Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (July 19, 2011): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.6.2.13-22.

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Satsuma age is one kind of diversification product, originally characterized as a traditional food from Japan, that processed by surimi added with flour, vegetables, and spices, and then cooking by frying. The aim of this research were to evaluate the effect of different kind of flours used on gel strength and hedonic value and also to know the best kind of flour use in processing of satsuma age of threadfin bream. The experimental design that used is Randomized Block Design. Different treatments used was different kind of flour, namely tapioca flour , sagu flour, and garut flour. The result indicated that different kind of flour treatment gave very significant different (P<0.01) on gel strength and gave significant different (P<0.05) on value of hedonic with specificate on texture , but were not significant different on ( P>0.05) on appearance , odour , taste , and colour. The result support parameter to test bite of 7.94 for treatment tapioca flour; 7.98 for treatment sago flour; and 7.40 for treatment arrowroot flour. Folding test result of 4.30 for tapioca flour; 4.26 for sago flour ; and 3.66 for arrowroot flour. The moisture content of 40.40% for tapioca flour ; 41.91% for sago flour; and 40.89% for arrowroot flour. Protein content of 21.53% for tapioca flour ; 21.17% for sago flour; and 21.57% for arrowroot flour. Fat content of 7.97% for tapioca flour ; 7.49% for sago flour; and 7.43% for arrowroot flour. The ash content of 2.69% for tapioca flour; 2.66% for sago flour ; and 2.36% for arrowroot flour. Carbohidrate content of 27.93% for tapioca flour ; 27.10% for sago flour; and 27.27% for arrowroot flour. Satsuma age processed using sago flour to was most prever based on hedonic scale and has high gel strength. Key word : Satsuma Age, Tapioca Flour, Sago Flour, Arrowroot Flour, Gel Strength, Hedonic

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