Academic literature on the topic 'Saturated aliphatic compound'

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Journal articles on the topic "Saturated aliphatic compound"

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Argemí-Armengol, Immaculada, Daniel Villalba, Marc Tor, Cristina Pérez-Santaescolástica, Laura Purriños, José Manuel Lorenzo, and Javier Álvarez-Rodríguez. "The extent to which genetics and lean grade affect fatty acid profiles and volatile compounds in organic pork." PeerJ 7 (July 17, 2019): e7322. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7322.

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Niche production is intended to produce premium pork, but several husbandry factors may affect the meat fatty acid composition and aroma. Fatty acid profile (by GC-FID) of raw meat and volatile compounds (by SPME-GC–MS) of cooked meat were analysed in loin samples from two pig genetic types-75% Duroc (Du) and 50% Pietrain (Pi) rossbreds that were slaughtered at different weights (90 kg and 105 kg, respectively) to achieve similar target carcass fatness, and the outcome carcasses were balanced for lean grade groups (<60% or ≥60% lean) within genotypes. Genetic type did not affect fatty acids (FA) profile of meat. The leaner meat had lower C12:0 and C20:3n − 3, lower saturated fatty acids (SFA) and higher MUFA/SFA ratio content than the fattier meat. Short-chain alcohols were lower in Pietrain and in leaner pork compared to the samples from Duroc crossbreds and fattier pork. A greater amount of hexane,2,4,4-trimethyl (an aliphatic hydrocarbon) but lower carbon disulphide (sulphur compound) content was detected in pork from leaner compared to fattier pork. Higher aromatics hydrocarbons were exclusively associated with Duroc crossbreds, and lower aliphatic hydrocarbons with pigs classified as fattier. Most of the volatile compounds detected in the present study came from lipid oxidation.
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Rethemeyer, Janet, Christiane Kramer, Gerd Gleixner, Guido L. B. Wiesenberg, Lorenz Schwark, Nils Andersen, Marie-J. Nadeau, and Pieter M. Grootes. "Complexity of Soil Organic Matter: AMS 14C Analysis of Soil Lipid Fractions and Individual Compounds." Radiocarbon 46, no. 1 (2004): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200039771.

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Radiocarbon measurements of different lipid fractions and individual compounds, isolated from soil samples collected on 2 different agricultural long-term study sites, located in the rural area of Rotthalmünster (Germany) and in the city of Halle/Saale (Germany), were analyzed to obtain information about sources and the stability of soil organic matter (SOM). Different lipid compound classes were isolated by automated solvent extraction and subsequent medium-pressure liquid chromatography. Generally, 14C contents of lipid compound classes from topsoil samples of maize plots at Rotthalmünster are close to the modern atmospheric 14C content. Lower 14C values of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons isolated from neutral lipids suggest a contribution of old carbon to these fractions. In contrast, 14C values of bulk soil (52 pMC) as well as isolated lipid classes from Halle are highly depleted. This can be attributed to a significant contribution of fossil carbon at this site. Extremely low 14C contents of aromatic (7 pMC) and aliphatic hydrocarbons (19 pMC) reflect the admixture of fossil hydrocarbons at the Halle site. Individual phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), which are used as a proxy for viable microbial biomass, were isolated by preparative capillary gas chromatography (PCGC) from topsoils at Rotthalmünster and Halle. PLFA 14C values are close to atmospheric 14C values and, thus, indicate a clear microbial preference for relatively young SOM. At Rotthalmünster, the 14C concentration of short-chain unsaturated PLFAs is not significantly different from that of the atmosphere, while the saturated PLFAs show a contribution of sub-recent SOM extending over the last decades. At Halle, up to 14% fossil carbon is incorporated in PLFAs n-C17:0 and cy-C18:0, which suggests the use of fossil carbon by soil microorganisms. Moreover, it can be concluded that the 14C age of soil carbon is not indicative of its stability.
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Bano, Jafra, Swapna Santra, and Ekta Menghani. "EVALUATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUND OF HAMELIA PATENS PLANT WITH THE GC-MS SPECTROSCOPY." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 11 (November 7, 2018): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i11.27557.

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Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the bioactive compound present in the leaves, root, flower, and stem by gas chromatography (GC) analysis. Novel drugs are isolated from plants against human diseases.Methods: The plant parts (leaves, stem, flower, and root) were collected, washed, shade dried, and powdered, and the methanol extracts of all plant parts were prepared by Soxhlet reflux method. The methanolic extracts were analyzed for the identification of phytochemical compounds present in the Hamelia patens plant parts using GC-mass spectrometry (MS) matched by the National Institute of Standards And Technology-11 library and Willey 8 library.Results: The bioactive fraction on GC-MS analysis revealed a chromatogram showing highest peaks. Methanol extracts of H. patens leaf are found to possess a wide range of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons and their isomers such as 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl- 4H-pyran (1.77%), 1,3-propanediol, 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl) (3.06%), mome inositol (18.22%), pentadecanoic acid (1.66%), and squalene (11.47%). GC-MS analysis revealed chromatogram, showing that the highest peaks of H. patens stem are methyl salicylate (3.41%), 2-amino-9-(3,4- dihydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl) (9.53%), mome inositol (63.73%), and squalene (1.07%).Conclusion: Isolation of such bioactives and their use as therapeutic target is the prime motto of our research to isolate novel bioactive that can used as potential therapeutic agents.
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Lodowska, Jolanta, Daniel Wolny, Sławomir Kurkiewicz, and Ludmiła Węglarz. "The Pyrolytic Profile of Lyophilized and Deep-Frozen Compact Part of the Human Bone." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/162406.

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Background. Bone grafts are used in the treatment of nonunion of fractures, bone tumors and in arthroplasty. Tissues preserved by lyophilization or deep freezing are used as implants nowadays. Lyophilized grafts are utilized in the therapy of birth defects and bone benign tumors, while deep-frozen ones are applied in orthopedics. The aim of the study was to compare the pyrolytic pattern, as an indirect means of the analysis of organic composition of deep-frozen and lyophilized compact part of the human bone.Methods. Samples of preserved bone tissue were subjected to thermolysis and tetrahydroammonium-hydroxide- (TMAH-) associated thermochemolysis coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS).Results. Derivatives of benzene, pyridine, pyrrole, phenol, sulfur compounds, nitriles, saturated and unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, and fatty acids (C12–C20) were identified in the pyrolytic pattern. The pyrolyzates were the most abundant in derivatives of pyrrole and nitriles originated from proteins. The predominant product in pyrolytic pattern of the investigated bone was pyrrolo[1,2-α]piperazine-3,6-dione derived from collagen. The content of this compound significantly differentiated the lyophilized graft from the deep-frozen one. Oleic and palmitic acid were predominant among fatty acids of the investigated samples. The deep-frozen implants were characterized by higher percentage of long-chain fatty acids than lyophilized grafts.
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Yanchevskaya, E. Yu, and Olga A. Mesnyankina. "MICROCIRCULATION OF THE SKIN IN WORKERS OF GAS-PROCESSING PLANT." Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases 20, no. 4 (September 15, 2017): 234–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9588-2017-20-4-234-237.

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Microcirculatory disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis of dermatoses, including those caused by the influence of adverse factors of production environment. 158 men from the Astrakhan gas processing plant (AGPS) aged from 28 to 59 years (40.23 ± 0.49 years) and 77 healthy volunteers, resident in the city of Astrakhan in age from 25 to 55 years (38,18 ± 0,99 years) were examined. Depending on the technological stage of processing of reservoir gas workers AGPS had contact with various harmful and dangerous factors, among which were the formation of gas, elementary sulfur, hydrocarbons, saturated and unsaturated aliphatic compound, nitrogen oxides, etc. In more than 90% of cases in the skin of workers AGPS serious violations of blood perfusion in small vessels, and in the surface areas more often than in the deep, while marked asymmetry of cutaneous microcirculation were revealed. Laser Doppler flowmetry can be recommended as a noninvasive method of monitoring the condition of microcirculation and early diagnosis of premorbid changes in the skin of workers of the gas processing plant exposed to adverse factors of production environment.
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Brahmbhatt, Harshad, Maja Molnar, Valentina Pavić, and Vesna Rastija. "Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potency of NSubstituted- 2-Sulfanylidene-1,3-Thiazolidin-4-one Derivatives and QSAR Study." Medicinal Chemistry 15, no. 8 (November 18, 2019): 840–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573406415666181205163052.

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Background: Rhodanine is known for its potential and important role in the medicinal chemistry since its derivatives exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, antitubercular, anti-HIV, antiparasitic, antioxidant, anticancer, antiproliferative and anthelmintic agents. Objectives: Since N-substituted rhodanine synthons are rarely commercially available, it is desirable to develop a straightforward synthetic approach for the synthesis of these key building blocks. The objective was to synthesize a series of rhodanine derivatives and to investigate their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Also, in order to obtain an insight into their structure-activity relationship, QSAR studies on the antioxidant activity were performed. Methods: 1H and 13C FTNMR spectra were recorded on Bruker Avance 600 MHz NMR Spectrometer, mass analysis was carried out on ESI+ mode by LC-MS/MS API 2000. 2,2-Diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (% DPPH) was determined in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent. The antibacterial activity was assessed against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram negative) bacteria in terms of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) by a modified broth microdilution method. Results: A series of N-substituted-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR, GC MS, LCMS/MS and C,H,N,S elemental analysis. Most of the synthesized compounds showed moderate to excellent antibacterial activity (MIC values from 125 μg/ml to 15.62 μg/mL) and DPPH scavenging activity (from 3.60% to 94.40%). Compound 2-thioxo-3- (4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)thiazolidin-4-one showed the most potent activity against Escherichia coli (3.125 μg/mL), equivalent to antibiotic Amikacin sulphate and against Staphylococcus aureus (0.097 μg/ml), 100 times superior then antibiotic Amikacin sulphate. It has also shown a potent antioxidant activity (95% DPPH scavenging). Two best QSAR models, obtained by GETAWAY descriptor R7p+, Balabans molecular connectivity topological index and Narumi harmonic topological index (HNar), suggest that the enhanced antioxidant activity is related to the presence of pairs of atoms higher polarizability at the topological distance 7, substituted benzene ring and longer saturated aliphatic chain in N-substituents. Conclusion: A series of novel N-substituted-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one derivatives were designed, synthesized, characterized and evaluated for their antibacterial and antioxidant activity in vitro. Majority of the compounds showed excellent antibacterial activity compared to ampicillin and few of them have an excellent activity as compared to Chloramphenicol standard antibacterial drug. The QSAR study has clarified the importance of presenting a pairs of atoms higher polarizability, such as Cl and S at the specific distance, as well as the substituted benzene ring and a long saturated aliphatic chain in N-substituents for the enhanced antioxidant activity of 2-sulfanylidene-1,3- thiazolidin-4-one derivatives.
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Farmani, Zahra, and Wolfgang Schrader. "A Detailed Look at the Saturate Fractions of Different Crude Oils Using Direct Analysis by Ultrahigh Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHRMS)." Energies 12, no. 18 (September 7, 2019): 3455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12183455.

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SARA (Saturates, Aromatics, Resins, Asphaltenes) fractionation is a common simplification technique used for decades in petrochemical analysis. A large number of studies are dealing with the different fractions, but overall, the saturate fraction is strongly neglected. Of the very few available studies on the saturates fraction, almost all have been performed using gas chromatographic (GC) techniques. This discriminates the results of the saturate fraction especially since non-volatile, high molecular weight and polar constituents are mostly excluded. Here, for the first time, saturate fractions of different crude oils from different origins are analyzed using direct infusion ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (UHRMS), to study the compositions on a molecular level. Electrospray (ESI), atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) are used in positive mode. The observed results show the presence of different heteroatom containing classes, with different chemical identities (i.e., presence of thiophenes, mercaptans and cyclic-sulfides in case of S-containing compounds). These results show the high affinity of some specific compounds towards different ionization techniques. Finally, the saturate fraction is shown to include much more than only volatile, saturated and aliphatic compounds. The detected compounds in this fraction present a very wide variety, not only in terms of their carbon atoms per molecule and their aromaticity, but also with regard to their functional groups and structural arrangements.
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Menéndez, R., R. Más, A. M. Amor, N. Ledón, J. Pérez, R. M. González, I. Rodeiro, M. Zayas, and S. Jiménez. "Inhibition of rat lipoprotein lipid peroxidation by the oral administration of D003, a mixture of very long-chain saturated fatty acids." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 80, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y01-088.

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Previous results have demonstrated that policosanol, a mixture of aliphatic primary alcohols isolated and purified from sugar cane wax, whose main component is octacosanol, inhibited lipid peroxidation in experimental models and human beings. D003 is a defined mixture of very long-chain saturated fatty acids, also isolated and purified from sugar cane wax, whose main component is octacosanoic acid followed by traicontanoic, dotriacontanoic, and tetracontanoic acids. Since very long-chain fatty acids are structurally related to their corresponding alcohols, we investigated the effect of oral treatment with D003 (0.5, 5, 50, and 100 mg/kg) over 4 weeks in reducing the susceptibility of rat lipoprotein to oxidative modification. The combined rat lipoprotein fraction VLDL + LDL was subjected to several oxidation systems, including those containing metal ions (CuSO4), those having the capacity to generate free radicals 2,2-azobis-2-amidinopropane hydrochloride (AAPH), and a more physiological system (resident macrophages). D003 (5, 50, and 100 mg/kg) significantly inhibited copper-mediated conjugated-diene generation in a concentration-dependent manner. D003 increased lag phase by 53.1, 115.3, and 119.3%, respectively, and decreased the rate of conjugate-diene generation by 16.6, 21.5, and 19.6%, respectively. D003 also inhibited azo-compound initiated and macrophage-mediated lipid peroxidation as judged by the significant decrease in thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) generation. In all the systems the maximum effect was attained at 50 mg/kg. There was also a parallel attenuation in the reduction of lysine amino groups and a significant reduction of carbonyl content after oxidation of lipoprotein samples. Taken together, the present results indicate that oral administration of D003 protects lipoprotein fractions against lipid peroxidation in the lipid as well in the protein moiety.Key words: D003, very long-chain saturated fatty acids, lipoprotein lipid peroxidation.
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Miyazato, Hironari. "Identification of the Compounds Responsible for the Sweat-Like Odor in Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) Volatile Oil." Journal of Food Research 2, no. 5 (August 7, 2013): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v2n5p34.

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<p>The aroma of hop volatile oil contains a sweat-like odor. We studied the odorous volatile compounds responsible for the sweat-like odor in the volatile oil extracted from Hallertau Perle hop (<em>Humulus</em><em> </em><em>lupulus</em><em> </em>L.) pellets. The combined use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfactometry (GC-MS/O), aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) by GC-MS/O (an odor dilution technique), and heart-cut multidimensional GC-MS (heart-cut MDGC-MS) equipped with the polar (1D) and apolar (2D) capillary columns revealed seven sweat-like odor producing compounds: methyl-branched saturated and unsaturated aliphatic acids, such as 3-methylbutanoic acid (sweaty/rancid/cheese-like), 2-methylbutanoic acid (sweaty/rancid/cheese-like), 4-methyl-3-pentenoic acid (sweaty/urine-like/malodor in laundry), and (<em>E</em>)-4-methyl-3-hexenoic acid (sweaty/urine-like/malodor in laundry), as well as others, such as an unknown compound (sweaty), methyl (<em>E</em>)-4-methyl-3-hexenoate (sweaty/malodor in laundry/fruity), and <em>S</em>-methyl (<em>E</em>)-4-methyl-3-hexenethioate (sweaty/rubber). The reference substances were synthesized stereo selectively using for the identification procedures. In this study, (<em>E</em>)-4-methyl-3-hexenoic acid, methyl (<em>E</em>)-4-methyl-3-hexenoate, and <em>S</em>-methyl (<em>E</em>)-4-methyl-3-hexenethioate were identified for the first time in hop volatile oil.</p>
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Tanaka, Takeshi. "Polishing Performance of Electro-Rheological Fluid of Polymerized Liquid Crystal Contained Abrasive Grit." Key Engineering Materials 404 (January 2009): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.404.123.

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In this study, we proposed an electro-rheological fluid-aided polisher (ERAP) using one-sided, patterned electrodes. The characteristics of ER fluid and ER fluid containing abrasive grit were investigated. The polishing performances of ER fluids with and without abrasive grit employing ERAP were verified and the following conclusions were obtained. Decreases in viscosity and in the ER effect were observed when highly polymerized liquid crystal (hereafter referred to as HPLC) was diluted with silicon oil. However, the mixing of abrasive grit increases the ER effect, but the ER effect of ER fluid containing abrasive grit decreased when mixed with abrasive grit. The viscosity decreased with increases in aliphatic saturated cyclic hydrocarbon oil (hereafter referred to as NCDM) mixed in highly polymerized compound (one kind of HPLC). The larger the positive dielectric anisotropy, the larger the ER effect in low-polymerized liquid crystal (hereafter referred to as LPLC). The smaller the grit size, the weaker the ER effect. When polished with HPLC, the polished surface was rough due to the large viscosity of an HPLC:silicon oil ratio of 4:14 mixed with #2000WA. However, the smallest surface roughness was attained at 0.5kV/mm for an HPLC:silicon oil ratio of 1:17 mixed with #2000WA. The surface quality was improved at an HPLC: silicon oil ratio of 1:17 mixed with #3000WA. When polished with LPLC, the surface roughness was improved by the increased ER effect when LPLC having a positive dielectric anisotropy was used. However, the surface roughness showed no change when LPLC with a negative dielectric anisotropy was used, due to its small ER effect.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Saturated aliphatic compound"

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Berrue, Jacques. "Contribution à l'etude de la diffusion de la lumière : étude spectrale de la diffusion collisionnelle, de la dépendance en densité des taux de diffusion et mise au point d'une méthode optique de détermination des équations d'état." Angers, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ANGE0004.

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Etude de la diffusion de la lumière dans un gaz de molécules isotropes. Les intensités lumineuses faibles sont situées de part et d'autre de la raie Brillouin Rayleigh. On utilise la méthode de comptage de photons. On a obtenu des spectres d'intensité diffusée dépolarisée en fonction de la longueur d'onde pour AR et CF::(4). Mesure du rapport de l'intensité diffusée dépolarisée a l'intensité diffusée polarisée pour N::(2),AR,CF::(4) et CH::(4). Détermination des équations d'état des gaz par diffusion de la lumière
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Chakir, Abdelkhaleq. "Etude cinetique et modelisation du mecanisme d'oxydation a haute temperature de n-butane et de 1-butene." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066132.

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L'etude experimentale de l'oxydation du butane et du butene-1 a ete effectuee en reacteur auto-agite par jets gazeux dans un large domaine de conditions experimentales (900-1200 k, 1 a 10 atm, rapports d'equivalents oxygene-hydrocarbure 0,1-4)
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Muller, Michel. "Etude de reactions d'isomerisation, de cracking et d'alkylation d'hydrocarbures en presence de divers superacides." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13022.

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Denise, Bertrand. "Etude par spectrométrie neutronique de la phase à désordre d'orientation du néopentane et du perchlorate de potassium." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066342.

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Utilisation du formalisme des fonctions adaptées à la symétrie pour développera les différentes densités de probabilité intéressant les cristaux à désordre d'orientation. Obtention des sections efficaces de diffusion neutronique en fonction d'un petit nombre de coefficients independants, reflétant les propriétés de symétrie du cristal et de la molécule. Application à l'analyse des facteurs de structure de diffraction de monocristaux de néopentane et de perchlorate de potassium.
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HOUTTEVILLE, MARIE-CLAIRE. "Etude de la simple et de la double diastereoselectivite de la reaction d'aldolisation de l'acide propanedithioique : synthese de beta-oxodithioesters par oxydation chimioselective de beta-hydroxydithioesters." Caen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CAEN2006.

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Piva, Olivier. "Photodeconjugaison enantioselective de systemes conjugues." Reims, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REIMS001.

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Hadj, Romdhane Youssef. "Hydrogenolyse du n-butane sur des catalyseurs modeles au nickel : influence du facteur electronique." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066556.

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Hannachi, Hassen. "Etudes cinetiques sous conditions atmospheriques simulees des reactions de composes carbonyles avec oh', o::(3), no'::(3) : consequences sur la chimie de basse troposphere." Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA077213.

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Dubois, Joëlle. "Contribution a l'etude du mecanisme de la carboxylation dependant de la vitamine k." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066346.

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LE, BLANC ALAIN. "Reactions unimoleculaires en phase gazeuse, de radicaux cations bifonctionnels : beta ceto-alcool, beta ceto-esters et de cations beta ceto-acylium." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066349.

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Une introduction generale sur la spectrometrie de masse precede une premiere partie portant sur l'interpretation des fragmentations de la dimethyl-3,3 hydroxy-4 butanone-2 a basse energie. Une seconde partie est reservee aux fragmentations de plusieurs beta ceto-esters diversement substitues. Dans une troisieme partie sont examinees les decompositions unimoleculaires d'ions acylium beta carbonyles de faible energie interne. L'accent est mis, tout au long de ce travail, sur le role essentiel des atomes d'oxygene dont la presence induit des ruptures caracteristiques mais aussi sert de relais aux transferts d'hydrogenes
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Book chapters on the topic "Saturated aliphatic compound"

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Bergman, J. "Monobasic aliphatic saturated acids." In Second Supplements to the 2nd Edition of Rodd's Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, 137–74. Elsevier, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-044453347-0.50022-7.

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"Product Class 5: Aliphatic Azoxy Compounds (Aliphatic Diazene Oxides)." In Category 5, Compounds with One Saturated Carbon Heteroatom Bond, edited by Banert and Shinkai. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-041-00457.

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"Product Class 6: Aliphatic Azo Compounds." In Category 5, Compounds with One Saturated Carbon Heteroatom Bond, edited by Banert and Shinkai. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-041-00470.

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