Academic literature on the topic 'Saturated Vapour Pressure'

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Journal articles on the topic "Saturated Vapour Pressure"

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PANASEVICH, Lyudmila T., and Viktor I. YURIEV. "Experimental assessment of liquid motor fuels saturated vapour pressure." Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination 3 (2024): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/fe.2024.3.44-51.

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Purpose. Currently, new brands of liquid motor fuel are produced, whose fire hazardous properties are not reflected in regulatory documents and reference literature. The values of saturated vapour pressure of petroleum products presented in them differ significantly from each other and that may affect the results of assessing fire and explosion hazard of the facility under protection. The article provides the results of experimental evaluation of motor gasolines and diesel fuel saturated vapour pressure. Methods. Analytical and experimental methods for determining saturated vapour pressure of
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Wang, Yarong, and Peirong Wang. "Analysis of thermodynamic process of water vapor in boiler." E3S Web of Conferences 252 (2021): 02043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125202043.

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In steam power plant, the working medium used for energy transformation is water vapor. The generation process of water vapor has experienced three stages: pre-heat, vaporization and superheat stage. There are five states in the process. They are sub-cooled liquid, saturated water, saturated liquid-vapour mixture, saturated vapor and superheated vapor. The thermodynamic properties of each state are usually obtained by using water vapor tables and charts. The constant pressure process of water vapor is very common in engineering application. In general, we first determine the state parameters b
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Golding, Peter D., and William D. Machin. "The vapour pressure of benzene. Part 2.—Saturated vapour pressures from 279 to 300 K." Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases 83, no. 9 (1987): 2719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/f19878302719.

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Novák, Josef P., Anatol Malijevský, and Ivan Cibulka. "Calculation of Orthobaric Densities from Equations of State." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 64, no. 7 (1999): 1087–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19991087.

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A numerical method for calculation of densities of saturated vapour and liquid phases, and of saturated vapour pressure using an equation of state is proposed. The method proved to be both robust and efficient using the Redlich-Kwong equation of state for methane. The method can be straightforwardly extended for the case of multicomponent systems.
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Mumah, S. N., and H.F. Nwafulugo F.U. &. Alexander S. Akande. "SATURATED PROPERTIES CORRELATIONS FOR STEAM AND VAPOUR OVER SATURATED ICE." Nigerian Journal of Renewable Energy Research 1, no. 3 (2025): 97–106. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15031464.

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<em>Accurate data correlations are fundamental for the effective design, simulation, and optimization of chemical processes. However, generating precise correlations, particularly for complex systems involving multiple independent variables, poses significant challenges. This study focuses on the generation of accurate correlations for saturated properties of steam and water vapour over ice. To validate the correlations, all the values generated were compared with the EES data. All showed coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) higher or equal to 0.9998. The correlations therefore demonst
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Severin, Valery I., Alia V. Tseplyaeva, Nonna E. Khandamirova, Yury A. Priselkov, Natalya A. Chernova, and Iten V. Golubtsov. "Saturated Vapour Pressure and Enthalpy of Sublimation of Germanium." Mendeleev Communications 1, no. 2 (1991): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/mc1991v001n02abeh000025.

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Severing, Valerii I., Alla V. Tseplayaeva, Nonna E. Khandamirova, et al. "Saturated Vapour Pressure and Enthalpy of Sublimation of Nickel." Mendeleev Communications 2, no. 3 (1992): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/mc1992v002n03abeh000152.

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Boltalina, Olga V., Vitaliy Yu Markov, Andrey Ya Borschevskii, et al. "Saturated vapour pressure and enthalpy of sublimation of C84." Mendeleev Communications 8, no. 4 (1998): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/mc1998v008n04abeh000979.

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Covarrubias-Cervantes, Marco, Ilham Mokbel, Dominique Champion, Jacques Jose, and Andrée Voilley. "Saturated vapour pressure of aroma compounds at various temperatures." Food Chemistry 85, no. 2 (2004): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.07.004.

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Rykov, S. V., P. V. Popov, I. V. Kudryavtseva, and V. A. Rykov. "Thermodynamic properties of perfluorooctane on the liquid-gas coexistence curve: calculation method and tabulated data." Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika, no. 7 (September 5, 2024): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2024-7-23-34.

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A technique has been developed for constructing a phase equilibrium line in the range from the triple to the critical point for a technically important substance, perfluorooctane (C8F18), which is currently used in various fields of industry and medicine. The proposed phase equilibrium line model includes the following equations: vapour pressure; saturated liquid density; saturated vapour density; “apparent” heat of vaporization. In this case, the vapour pressure equation satisfies the requirements of the scale theory of critical phenomena near the critical point, and the Wegner model in the v
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Saturated Vapour Pressure"

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Valorso, Richard. "Développement et évaluation d’un modèle explicite de formation d’aérosols organiques secondaires : sensibilité aux paramètres physico-chimiques." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1126/document.

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Les aérosols fins ont un impact environnemental primordial. Ils influencent notamment la santé, ont un impact sur la visibilité et le climat. Les Aérosols Organiques Secondaires (AOS) représentent une fraction importante des aérosols fins. Les AOS résultent de la conversion d'espèces gazeuses, formées au cours de l'oxydation des composés organiques volatils (COV), en particules par des processus de nucléation et/ou condensation sur des aérosols préexistants. L'oxydation gazeuse des COV implique une myriade de composés secondaires intermédiaires pouvant participer à la formation d'AOS. Les AOS
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Mokdad, Sid-Ali. "Contribution à la détermination de la courbe de pression de vapeur saturante de l’eau pure dans la plage de –80 °C à +100 °C, avec une très haute exactitude." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CNAM0825/document.

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La détermination des propriétés physiques de l’eau pure, notamment la pression de vapeur saturante en fonction de la température, est un enjeu majeur en humidité et identifié comme tel par le Comité Consultatif de Thermométrie (CCT-WG6) sous-groupe Humidité du Comité Technique de Température (TC-T) afin d’améliorer les incertitudes des références nationales en humidité. A cette fin, le LNE-CETIAT et le LNE-Cnam ont développé conjointement un dispositif expérimental permettant d’accéder au couple température / pression de vapeur saturante de l’eau pure. Le principe est basé sur une mesure stati
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Rybka, Tomáš. "Náhrada základních výměníků v Teplárně Malešice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228705.

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The main goal of this master´s thesis is a proposal of double way heat exchanger with integrated air-vapor mixture cooler and compare of heat transfer surface´s materials. Second goals are solidity dimensioning of this heat exchanger and economic effectiveness of used heat transfer surface´s materials.
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Huang, Mei-Huei, and 黃美惠. "The Generalized Neural Network Model of Nonpolar Fluid Surface Tension, Saturated Vapor Pressure and Saturated Density." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h7b39r.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>化學工程研究所<br>95<br>Thermodynamic data are required in the application of different chemical fields. Because the data is difficult to find so there is a few inconvenient for use. In the computer aided design field, thermodynamic data is collected and fitted into some equations. Those fitting equations are more convenient for use. In general, the thermodynamic data of different chemical substance are fitted into different correlation equations. If one generalized correlation equation can be used to describe all substances, it can increase the convenience for use. In our rese
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Shih, Zhuang-Xin, and 施壯欣. "A New Four-Parameter Corresponding States Principle of Nonpolar and Polar Fluids for Saturated Vapor Pressure, Saturated Densities." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74407500838733463002.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>化學工程系碩士班<br>92<br>For this research, first, The methodology of corresponding states principle (CSP) was used to developed the generalized correlation according to saturated liquid densities experimental data for nonpolar fluids, acentric factor and critical properties for nonpolar substances. Besides, a new extended corresponding-states principle generalized correlation for saturated vapor pressure was developed. This correlation requires four parameters, the critical temperature, the critical pressure, and new two parameters(ωh、ωp). The new two parameters means shape and pol
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KO, MING-TENG, and 柯茗騰. "Study of the effect one the exposure quantitative estimation and operating environmental monitoring - Take the ventilation and saturated vapor pressure mode in the workplace as an example." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/upb8u5.

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碩士<br>國立高雄科技大學<br>環境與安全衛生工程系<br>107<br>Background: Currently, analysis methods have not been established for all publicly announced chemical substances that have accepted exposure standards. To enable enterprise units to meet the requirements of the law, without other precise devices or methods to measure environmental concentration, preliminary estimation models may be used to evaluate on-site chemical concentration risk levels. This study employed a zero-ventilation model and a saturated vapor pressure model to evaluate publicly announced and designated job sites in Taiwan; this paper discus
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Books on the topic "Saturated Vapour Pressure"

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Escudier, Marcel. Engineering applications of Bernoulli’s equation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198719878.003.0008.

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In this chapter it is shown how Bernoulli’s equation can be applied to practical fluid-flow problems. In the case of internal flows, such as that through a Venturi tube, it is also necessary to use the continuity equation to relate changes in cross-sectional area to changes in flow velocity. For liquid flows it is shown that for sufficiently high flowspeeds the static pressure could fall below the saturated vapour pressure and lead to cavitation. The designs of various flow-measuring devices, including the orifice-plate flowmeter, the Venturi-tube flowmeter, and the Pitot tube, are based on Be
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Book chapters on the topic "Saturated Vapour Pressure"

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Murakami, M., M. Yamaguchi, N. Yanase, and H. Inaba. "Various Film Boiling States in He II at Hydrostatic Pressures from Saturated Vapor Pressure to 1 ATM." In Advances in Cryogenic Engineering. Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9047-4_178.

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Pisano, Antonio. "Physics in a Vaporizer: Saturated Vapor Pressure, Heat of Vaporization, and Thermal Expansion." In Physics for Anesthesiologists. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57330-4_12.

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Pisano, Antonio. "Physics in a Vaporizer: Saturated Vapor Pressure, Heat of Vaporization, and Thermal Expansion." In Physics for Anesthesiologists and Intensivists. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72047-6_15.

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Kamiya, K., M. Murakami, and N. Yanase. "Experimental Study for Dynamical Characteristics of He I–He II Interface Under Saturated Vapor Pressure Condition." In Advances in Cryogenic Engineering. Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9047-4_183.

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Cruickshank, Steven. "Measuring SVP: the normal distribution." In Mathematics and Statistics in Anaesthesia. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192623133.003.0040.

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Abstract A pharmaceutical manufacturer has produced a new volatile anaesthetic agent and, in order to deliver it by vaporizer, needs to establish a value for the saturated vapour pressure (SVP) at 20°C. The SVP of a substance at any fixed temperature is a physical constant-it has no inherent variability. Unfortunately, the measurement method itself is subject to error, and even though the laboratory might control the experimental conditions as well as possible, there is always some variability in the measurement. The manufacturer has been using the same method for a long while, and knows that on average 95% of the SVP measurements fall within 8 mmHg to either side of the mean value.
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Glyde, Henry R. "Physics Of Solid Helium." In Excitations in Liquid and Solid Helium. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198510093.003.0004.

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Abstract Natural helium was first solidified in the famous Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory in Lieden by Keesom in 1926 (Keesom 1942). The much rarer isotope, 3He, was first solidified in 1951 at Los Alamos National Laboratory by Osborne, Abraham, and Weinstock (1951). Under its own saturated vapour pressure (SVP) helium remains a liquid at the lowest temperatures. Owing to its light mass, the de Broglie wavelength of 4He is long (e.g. thermal wavelength λT- = (h 2/2 π mk;T)1/2 is λT ∼ 5 Å at T = 4.2 K). The attractive potential between helium atoms is weak (Aziz 1984; Aziz et al. 1987). Thus helium atoms can be localized enough to form a solid only under pressure. At p ≃ 25 bars, 4He solidifies into a bcc or an hep phase, depending on the temperature (see Fig. 3.1) (Keller 1969; Wilks 1967). At p ≈ 30 bars, 3He solidifies into the bcc phase, a highly expanded solid of molar volume V ≃ 24.5 cm3 mol-1and interatomic separation R ≃ 3.75 Å.
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Bokstein, Boris S., Mikhail I. Mendelev, and David J. Srolovitz. "Phase equilibria I." In Thermodynamics and Kinetics in Materials Science. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198528036.003.0004.

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This chapter addresses the general features of phase equilibria and applies them to single component systems. Before extending our study of phase equilibria to the interesting case of multiphase, multicomponent systems, we examine the special case of single phase, two-component systems (Chapter 3). Phase equilibria in multiphase, multicomponent systems is deferred until Chapter 4. A single substance may exist in different states. For example, H2O can exist as water vapor, liquid water, or any one of several solid phases (ices). Different states can co-exist indefinitely under certain sets of conditions. Under such conditions, the co-existence of these states suggests that they are in equilibrium with respect to one another, that is, phase equilibrium has been established. It is convenient to graphically represent phase equilibria in the form of phase diagrams. An example of such a diagram for a one-component system (with no solid state allotropes) is shown in Fig. 2.1. The AO, OB, and OC lines represent conditions for which two phases are in equilibrium. Since each set of two-phase equilibrium is represented by a one-dimensional surface (i.e. a line), we see that we can vary one parameter (either T or p) without entering a one-phase region of the diagram. For example, if we set the temperature to T1 we can find a saturated vapour pressure p1 such that the liquid and gas co-exist. Three phases simultaneously co-exist at point O, which is called the triple point. Since the three-phase co-existence surface is zero dimensional (i.e. a point), three-phase equilibrium only exists at a specific temperature and pressure, that is, no conditions can be varied. On the other hand, every single-phase region of the diagram is a two-dimensional area and, hence, we can simultaneously, vary two parameters (i.e. both the temperature and pressure) and still remain in the same single-phase region of the diagram. Equations describing the lines of phase equilibria will be derived in Section 2.2, below. Unlike the lines describing the solid–liquid or solid–vapor co-existence, the liquid–vapor co-existence line terminates in a single-phase region of the diagram.
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Kipnis, A. Ya, B. E. Yavelov, and J. S. Rowlinson. "Scientific work in the 1880s." In Van der Waals and Molecular Science. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198552109.003.0006.

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Abstract At the meetings of the Section of Sciences in October and November 1880 he set out a fruitful development in molecular physics called the principle (or law) of corresponding states [12aci]. Two substantial papers in Dutch were published the same year [12,15]. Roth worked quickly; abstracts appeared in the Beibliitter in January and April 1881, and complete and even extended translations were incorporated into the German version of Continuity. Roth, one of the most active contributors to the Beibliitter, was for many years almost a ‘personal abstractor’ of van der Waals’s work, and even drew atten tion to it in his abstracts of other papers in the field [3]. Van der Waals arrived at the principle of corresponding states by analysing the transition from gas to liquid represented by the loops in his isotherms, that is the curve Bcdefgh in Fig. 3.2. These loops are unobservable and the experimental points lie on the horizontal line CG. At what pressure must this line be drawn? In 1873 he had ‘not had the good fortune to solve this important problem.... I have not succeeded in finding, in any of the properties of the saturated vapour, a characteristic one that I could use to determine where this line must be drawn through the isotherm’ [le2, p. 232,233].
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"Saturated Vapor Pressures and Densities." In Hydrogen Properties for Fusion Energy. University of California Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8595631.7.

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"4. Saturated Vapor Pressures and Densities." In Hydrogen Properties for Fusion Energy. University of California Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520338401-005.

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Conference papers on the topic "Saturated Vapour Pressure"

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Nyborg, Rolf, Arne Dugstad, and Liv Lunde. "Top-of-the-Line Corrosion and Distribution of Glycol in a Large Wet Gas Pipeline." In CORROSION 1993. NACE International, 1993. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1993-93077.

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Abstract Glycol can be used to prevent hydrate formation and reduce corrosion in subsea wet gas pipelines. Top-of-the-line corrosion was studied in a one phase gas flow loop with wet gas containing glycol and CO2. The corrosion rate increased with CO2 partial pressure, gas flow rate and condensation rate. A large reduction in corrosion rate in the top of the line was observed when glycol was added to the gas. Transport of glycol from a liquid phase trapped under a hydrocarbon layer to the top of the line in a large wet gas pipeline was studied in a three-phase flow loop. The small amounts of g
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Wilson, P. T., and S. Harjac. "Predictive Modeling of Carbamate Formation in Ammonia Recovery Stills." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07195.

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Abstract The recovery of ammonia and carbon dioxide from leaching solutions in a nickel refinery contributes to the economics of the process and to reducing the environmental impact of waste streams. The ammonia and carbon dioxide recovery process involves the counter current contact between steam and the process and tailings streams in steam stripping columns. The recovered stream consists of a mixture of water vapour, carbon dioxide and ammonia at a pressure of 125 kPa and having a temperature range of 50 to 90°C. Energy recovery heat exchangers are part of the ammonia and carbon dioxide rec
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Furman, Alla Y., Margarita Kharshan, and Christophe J. Chandler. "Performance and Testing of Vapor Phase Corrosion Inhibitors." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04418.

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Abstract Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors (VCIs) possess the appreciable pressure of saturated vapors under normal atmospheric conditions. These vapors enrich the metal surface and provide corrosion protection by adsorption on it. Corrosion testing can be performed in the laboratory under controlled conditions and in the field under natural or service conditions. In both the laboratory and field tests, corrosion rate can be evaluated by the direct determination of the metal loss or by measuring of corrosion current, corrosion potential, polarization resistance, and other electrochemical corrosion ch
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Iimura, Seiji, Hiroshi Yakuwa, Matsuho Miyasaka, Yoshiro Kuriki, and Jun'ichi Sakai. "Corrosion Behavior of Several Commercial Alloys in Supercritical Water Including High Concentration of Chloride Ions." In CORROSION 2001. NACE International, 2001. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2001-01363.

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Abstract The corrosion behavior of various commercial alloys in sub- and super-critical water including extraction from the fly ash of an incinerated municipal solid waste ([Cl-]=2800mg/L) between 473 K/saturated vapor pressure and 873 K/25 MPa. Though the corrosion problems for Ni-base alloys were the crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking near the critical point (between 623 K/saturated vapor pressure and 723 K/25 MPa), they were the metal loss at 873 K/25 MPa. Stress corrosion cracking did not occur on Ti. Though the corrosion-scale growth rate on Ti was smaller than that of UNS N0
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Chiang, Kuang-Tsan Kenneth, and Lietai Yang. "High-Temperature Electrochemical Sensor for Online Corrosion Monitoring." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10168.

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Abstract Electrochemical sensors incorporating diamond-like carbon-coated (DLC-coated) electrodes are effective tools for online, real-time corrosion monitoring at high temperatures. A vacuum-based chemical vapor deposition process was used to deposit a DLC thin film coating on the surface of the sensing electrodes. The chemical inertness of the DLC coating on the sensing electrodes produced a crevice-free electrode that can be used at temperatures above 100 °C. In this paper, we present the coating deposition process for sensor electrodes and fabrication of coupled multielectrode array sensor
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Liebhart, Steve. "The Irony of Creating a Lining Failure in the Process of Inspection." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-21128.

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Abstract Inspection and shipping schedules often require hydrocarbon storage tanks and rail cars to be removed from service and turned around quickly. This can be for lining/tank inspection or to clean and repurpose it, among other reasons. For whatever reason needed the tank is drained, and any remaining material, including all vapors, must be removed for safe entry into the tank. This process might involve forced heat and ventilation but is not often precisely controlled and even less often are details of the process documented. After cargo is evacuated from the tank the hope is to find the
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Zeng, Yimin, Muhammad Arafin, Chao Shi, and Renata Zavadil. "Influence of Impurity Hydrogen Sulfide on the Corrosion Performance of Pipeline Steels in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Stream." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07223.

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Abstract Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technique is one of the most promising technologies available today that can protect the climate while preserving the value of fossil fuel reserves and existing infrastructure. CO2 Pipeline transportation is a key component in a CCS system. The CO2 stream, captured from power plants, usually contains impurities including H2O vapor, oxygen, and hydrogen sulfide etc., which could lead to extensive corrosion of pipe steels as well as cracking. Available corrosion data on supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) transportation pipelines are insufficient to de
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Mountain, Bruce W., Terry M. Seward, and Julia K. Björke. "Amorphous Aluminous Silica Scales: Thermochemistry for Better Scale Prediction Models." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02246.

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Abstract Amorphous aluminous silica (AAS) scale samples from the Wairakei and Ohaaki power stations, New Zealand, have been characterized chemically and mineralogically. These show that Al is present in the amorphous phase and not in a distinct aluminosilicate mineral. The electron microprobe analyses show zonation of the aluminum concentration, which correlates with the concentration of sodium and potassium. One of the Ohaaki scales (SP3 2011) was used in a flow-through experiment at 100 – 250 °C and pressures slightly above saturated water vapor pressure, using distilled water. Measured solu
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Hoa, Le Quynh, Andreas Kratzig, Ralph Bäßler, Dirk Bettge, Sandra Knauer, and Axel Kranzmann. "Droplet Corrosion of CO2 Transport Pipeline Steels." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-10845.

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In this work, the focus was set on the corrosion process of condensate as drops on the surface of carbon steels (X52, X70), martensitic steel UNS S41500, and superaustenite UNS N08031 in CO2 atmosphere with impurities at 278 K (to simulate the transportation condition in a buried pipeline). Exposure tests were performed at both normal pressure and high pressure where CO2 is supercritical or in dense phase. The drop, 1 ‑ 10 μL in volume, was prepared by dropping CO2 saturated ultra-pure water onto the surface of steel coupons in a one-liter-autoclave. The CO2 gas stream, simulating the oxyfuel
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He, Xihua, Kaushik Das, and Laurie Perry. "Evaluating Drying Time of Residual Hydrotest Water in Crevices and Dead Legs." In CORROSION 2017. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-08958.

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Abstract This work evaluated the effectiveness of the dewatering process after hydrotesting and examined the internal corrosion threat posed by residual water trapped in crevices and water pushed into a dead leg. A “time to dry” calculation for both cases was conducted based on pipeline operating conditions. Analysis of the evaporation of water trapped in crevices indicated that maintaining low pressures and high temperatures are the most effective measures for drying the trapped water. At the lowest pressure of 14.7 psi and at 100 °F, trapped water can be dried in days. At increased pressure
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Reports on the topic "Saturated Vapour Pressure"

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Das and He. PR-015-143601-Z01 Drying Time of Residual Hydrotest Water in Crevices and Dead Legs. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010852.

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Abstract:
The objective of this project was to evaluate the effectiveness of the dewatering process after hydrotesting and to examine the internal corrosion threat posed by residual water trapped in crevices and water pushed into a dead leg. A "time to dry" calculation for both cases was conducted based on pipeline operating conditions. Analysis of the evaporation of water trapped in crevices indicated that maintaining low pressures and high temperatures are the most effective measures for drying the trapped water. At the lowest pressure of 14.7 psi and at 100 �F, trapped water can be dried in days. At
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