Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Saturniidae Saturniidae'
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Rougerie, Rodolphe. "Phylogénie et biogéographie des Saturniinae (Lepidoptera : Bombycoidea, Saturniidae) : approche morphologique et moléculaire." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MNHN0038.
Full textThe Saturniinae subfamily is the most heterogeneous group of the Saturniidae. Following a detailed overview of the background knowledge on this group, a phylogenetic analysis is carried out based on three sets of characters: the morphology of the adults, the morphology of the immature stages, and the sequences of the 16S-LSU gene. The results of the analyses of each of these matrices are presented and discussed, and an original procedure for a posteriori weighting is put forward. A simultaneous analysis of the data as a whole is carried out and the results of this taken into account. The monophyly of the Saturniinae, as well as that of tribes Bunaeini, Micragonini and Attacini are strongly supported by the combined datasets; Saturniini are paraphyletic and Urotini polyphyletic. The position of problematic genera is discussed and an hypothesis for the biogeographical history of the subfamily is proposed : an African origin is suggested and 2 main lineages appeared subsequently
Nunes, Fabrício Guerreiro. "Saturnídeos (lepidoptera, saturniidae) ocorrentes no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/5365.
Full textThe family Saturniidae includes moths of medium the great load. About 1. 300 species described, disposed all over the world with a lot of species happening in the tropics of the New World. Tends as objective the contribution for the knowledge of the lepidopterofauna of Rio Grande do Sul, they were analyzed and collected insects belonging to the 11 physiographic areas of the State, observed museum collections, besides search of existent data in literature. They were also lifted up the representatives' main morphologic aspects for the preparation of an analytical table and respective dicotomical key. Species of Arsenurinae had been listed 12, 30 species of Ceratocampinae and 10 species of Saturniinae and already added 2 species to the recent listing of Hemileucinae. The species Caio romulus, Callodirphia arpi, Copaxa decrescens, Copiopteryx derceto, Dirphia dolosa, Dysdaemonia brasiliensis, Citheronia brissotii brissotii, Eacles bertrandi, Eacles ducalis, Eacles mayi, Mielkesia paranaensis, Paradaemonia platydesmia, Rhescyntis pseudomartii, Scolesa totoma e Titaea tamerlan tamerlan are distinguished as new registers for State.
A família Saturniidae inclui mariposas de médio a grande porte. É constituída por cerca de 1. 300 espécies descritas, distribuídas em todo o mundo, com muitas espécies ocorrendo nos trópicos do Novo Mundo. Tendo como objetivo contribuir para o conhecimento da lepidopterofauna do Rio Grande do Sul, foram coletados e analisados exemplares pertencentes às 11 regiões fisiográficas do Estado, observados exemplares em coleções, além de busca de dados existentes em literatura. Também foram selecionados os principais aspectos morfológicos dos representantes para o preparo de quadros analíticos e respectivas chaves dicotômicas. Foram listadas 12 espécies de Arsenurinae, 30 de Ceratocampinae, 10 de Saturniinae e acrescida 2 espécies à recente listagem de Hemileucinae. Destacam-se como novos registros para Estado Caio romulus, Callodirphia arpi, Copaxa decrescens, Copiopteryx derceto, Dirphia dolosa, Dysdaemonia brasiliensis, Citheronia brissotii brissotii, Eacles bertrandi, Eacles ducalis, Eacles mayi, Mielkesia paranaensis, Paradaemonia platydesmia, Rhescyntis pseudomartii, Scolesa totoma e Titaea tamerlan tamerlan.
Nunes, Fabr?cio Guerreiro. "Saturn?deos (lepidoptera, saturniidae) ocorrentes no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2006. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/150.
Full textA fam?lia Saturniidae inclui mariposas de m?dio a grande porte. ? constitu?da por cerca de 1.300 esp?cies descritas, distribu?das em todo o mundo, com muitas esp?cies ocorrendo nos tr?picos do Novo Mundo. Tendo como objetivo contribuir para o conhecimento da lepidopterofauna do Rio Grande do Sul, foram coletados e analisados exemplares pertencentes ?s 11 regi?es fisiogr?ficas do Estado, observados exemplares em cole??es, al?m de busca de dados existentes em literatura. Tamb?m foram selecionados os principais aspectos morfol?gicos dos representantes para o preparo de quadros anal?ticos e respectivas chaves dicot?micas. Foram listadas 12 esp?cies de Arsenurinae, 30 de Ceratocampinae, 10 de Saturniinae e acrescida 2 esp?cies ? recente listagem de Hemileucinae. Destacam-se como novos registros para Estado Caio romulus, Callodirphia arpi, Copaxa decrescens, Copiopteryx derceto, Dirphia dolosa, Dysdaemonia brasiliensis, Citheronia brissotii brissotii, Eacles bertrandi, Eacles ducalis, Eacles mayi, Mielkesia paranaensis, Paradaemonia platydesmia, Rhescyntis pseudomartii, Scolesa totoma e Titaea tamerlan tamerlan.
Stone, Stephen E., and Michael J. Smith. "Buckmoths (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileuca) in Relation to Southwestern Vegetation and Foodplants." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/609134.
Full textCâmara, Joseleide Teixeira. "Obtenção e caracterização de células embrionárias indiferenciadas de Syssphinx molina (Cramer) (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-25072017-151046/.
Full textSyssphinx molina (Cramer) is considered a species of phytosanitary interest, it can be curse of some plants cultivated by man, in addition, in monoculture plantations, accidents may occur with the larvae of this species, causing dermatitis in workers. The main objective of this study is to obtain and characterize the undifferentiated embryonic cells of Syssphinx molina. Eggs of the species will be obtained through pregnant female moths, collected by the team of the Coleção Zoológica do Maranhão (CZMA), Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Caxias-MA. The eggs were characterized and compared with eggs of other phylogenetically close species of S. molina. Primary cultures of S. molina embryonic cells were cultured for 20 days, Two passes occurred and proceeded with freezing. After thawing of the cells, there were 10 passes. Cell samples from each passage were analyzed to obtain cell cycle data and cell characteristics through the use of markers: Anti-Axons, Anti-Caspase 3 ativa, Anti-CD105, Anti-CD117, Anti-CD24, Anti-CD43, Anti-CD73, Anti-CD90/Thy1, Anti-Ciclina D1, Anti GM 130, Anti-HLA DR, Anti-HSP47, Anti-HSP70,. Anti-KI67, Anti-MCP1, Anti- Oct 3/4, Anti-p53, Anti RAB 5, Anti-SSEA4, Anti-Stro-1, Anti-TGF beta 1, Anti-Vimentina e Schneider L2. For the first time a protocol for cooling eggs of S. molina is determined, as well as protocol for primary and secondary culture of embryonic cells of this species. The gestational age of S. molina eggs and compared to eggs of other species of moths of the same subfamily. Cell cycle analysis and markers confirm the high rate of cell proliferation, however, analysis with the active Anti-Caspase 3 and Anti-P53 antibodies showed the percentage of programmed cell death (apoptosis) is generally greater than 25 % in the analyzed cell populations. Markers Anti GM130 and anti RAB 5, which participate respectively, recruitment of proteins by cis phase of the Golgi apparatus and endosome maturation process, scored more than 50% of the cells in the samples analyzed. Anti-HLA-DR, which reveals T lymphocyte membrane proteins, with a percentage generally greater than 30% labeling. Among the multi- and pluripotent cell markers, the one that scored the highest cell rate was Anti-CD117, which binds to hematopoietic stem cells. All antibodies used to label cells from the hematopoietic system (Anti-CD24, Anti-CD43, Anti-CD73, Anti-CD90 / Thy1, Anti-HLA DR and Anti-MCP1) were expressed in the cultured cells of S. molina. Therefore, it is understood that insects, like S. molina, are a group that has complex metabolic activities and the understanding of these activities will, in the future, outline new forms of biological control. In addition, the unpublished data on the hamatopoietic system of insects presented in this work, beyond is a key benefit to establish future important models for studies of biological control strategies, but may also assist in the development of techniques to combat diseases transmitted by insects.
Maggi, Silviane. "Hemolinfa bruta e frações de Lonomia obliqua Walker, 1855 (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae : avaliação do perfil proteico e viabilidade celular em cultura hipocampal primária de ratos Wistar." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2015. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1263.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES.
Increased life expectancy and the decline in births results in aging population, with increasing of neurodegenerative diseases incidence. The therapeutic is limited, often only palliative, with low or no prospect damage reversal. Study of substances with potentially neuroprotective has been the focus of research. Toxic proteins of Lonomia obliqua caterpillars, which have caused several accidents in southern Brazil, were identified in the hemolymph with anti-apoptotic activity. This protein had demonstrated the maintaining of high electric potential of mitochondrial membrane, preventing cell death by apoptosis mechanism. This study aims the evaluation of the protein profile and effect of hemolymph and fraction on cell viability of rats primary cultured hippocampal neurons after induction of apoptosis. Semi-quantitative shotgun proteomics approach was used to evaluate the protein profile of 3 lots of different origin, 71 in hemolymph and 40 in fractions, in a total of 76 proteins. Antiviral protein predominated in crude extract of hemolymph, following by serine proteases, hemolines and protease inhibitors. In fractions were identified hemolines, serine proteases and protease inhibitors. No statistics differences were found (p<0.05) in the cell viability induced of oxidative damage, which were treated with hemolymph or fractions. However, the treatment with the fraction at concentration of 0.05 and 0.1% (v/v) for 24 hours, was able to maintain cell viability significantly higher than positive control (p<0.05 and p<0.01 respectively). These results may contribute to the identification of proteins with potential use as neuroprotective in degenerative conditions.
Albertoni, Fabiano Fabian. "Análise faunística de Saturniidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera) em fragmento de Mata Atlântica do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/38/38131/tde-26112014-170238/.
Full textThis study evaluated and summarized the composition and structure of the saturniid community attracted to light trapping in a remnant of Atlantic Rainforest of the Boraceia Biological Station (EBB), Salesópolis, São Paulo, Brazil. The EBB belongs to Zoological Museum of University of São Paulo (MZUSP) and comprises a 96 ha area located inside the largest Brazilina remananent of the Atlantica Rain Forest. The Saturniidae fauna of this reserve was inventoried based on the specimens deposited at the MZUSP, and it was complemented with 13 months of recently field samplings between 2012 and 2013. Complementary field sampling was based on nocturnal collections of 12 hours along four nights on each of the 13 months. As a result we listed 114 species of the family Saturniidae. Many species were photographed in situ, for illustration of the dorsal and ventral habitus of each species we used the pinned specimens of the collection. Comparisons with other inventories of Saturniidae conducted in different Brazilian localities were performed and demonstrated an elevated number of species in EBB when compared to the data available from other inverntories, from Rio Grande do Sul state, Paraná state and the Savana bioma. Recent field samplings (2012-2013) were compared with the assemblage of saturniids from 25 consecutive months between 1948 and 1950. This comparison demonstrated that the richness and the uniformity of the species recentelly registered (2012-2013) is similar to that from the historical period (1948-1950). Few specimens constituted new record for EBB and other few were sampled exclusively on the whole range of the historical period. The studied area indicated high density of species of Hyleisa Hübner, 1920 with at least 15 species (with three morphospecies) collected, distributed in 1.158 specimens. The results stress the importance of the Serra do Mar Atlatic forest remanent to the conservation of the species of Saturniidae and yet, demonstrate the importance of EBB for the study of insects from the Atlantic Rain Forest. The analysis related to the seasonality and circadian pattern of the recently collected specimens (2012-2013) can be further used to test hypothesis of behavior and biology of the species. The abundance of species showed distinct fluctuation along the year, while some had concentrated distribution, others were broadly sampled along several months. Similarly, some species presented high pics of abundance on restricted periods during the night, while other speces were sampled in several distinct periods. The evaluation of the interchange of species during the year and during the night indicated hight interchanging of species for both cicles, sazonal and cyrcadina, stressing the importance of inventories of Saturniidae with effort along the entire year and along the hole night period. The same evaluation also demonstrated that the fluctuation of the abundance of species grouped by subfamilies follow similar and contrasting patters depending on the subfamilies that are being compaired.
Kapraly, Edward C. "An Experimental Study of Survival and Mortality of Callosamia promethea (Drury) [Lepidoptera: Saturniidae] Eggs in Central Ohio." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392824212.
Full textBarcellos, Bárbara Duarte. "Análise sazonal de saturniidae (Insecta: Lepidoptera) em floresta remanescente de mata atlântica no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2018. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/22513.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
As mariposas noturnas, principalmente da família Saturniidae, são frequentemente utilizadas em diversos estudos comparativos, entre parâmetros ecológicos e diferentes condições ambientais. O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo analisar a dinâmica dos parâmetros ecológicos, frente às variações sazonais do ambiente no decorrer de seis anos consecutivos. O estudo foi conduzido na Reserva Natural Vale Vale, remanescente de Mata Atlântica, localizado no município de Linhares, ES. A fauna de Saturniidae foi levantada através de armadilhas luminosas onde foram coletados 1.445 exemplares, distribuídos em quatro subfamílias, 30 gêneros e 47 espécies. Houve uma variação significativa nos parâmetros riqueza e abundância na composição das espécies dentro da comunidade entre os períodos sazonais e uma relação significativa entre a abundância e a temperatura. Revelando uma tendência de diminuir a abundância com a diminuição da temperatura, afetando diretamente a flutuação populacional. Nas comparações anuais, somente a equitabilidade e dominância não apresentaram significância. Dentre os anos de estudo constatou-se uma maior ocorrência de espécie nos períodos com maiores incidências de chuvas. Considerando a recuperação da comunidade e as oscilações instáveis durante os vários anos analisados é possível enquadrar esta família como estruturalmente estável com pouca resistência e alta resiliência. A qualidade dessa família como bioindicador juntamente com a eficiência dos parâmetros ecológicos e a associação com os fatores bióticos indicaram a estabilidade estrutural que a Reserva Natural Vale proporciona a esta comunidade.
Nocturnal moths, mainly from the Saturniidae family, are frequently used in comparative studies, connected to ecological parameters and different environmental conditions. The present study’s main objective is to analyze the dynamics of ecological parameters, in relation to seasonal variations of the environment for six consecutive years. The study was done at the Vale Natural Reserve, remaining Atlantic Forest, located in the municipality of Linhares, ES. The fauna of Saturnidiiae was identified with luminous traps which captured 1445 samples. These were distribuited in four subfamilies, thirty genera and fourty-seven species. There was a significant variation of the parameters wealth and abundancy in the composition of the species in the community between seasons. There was also a significant relation between abundancy and temperature. There was a tendency to decrease abundancy with falling temperatures, directly affecting the population. In annual comparisons, only equitability and dominance didn’t show significance. During the study years, it was observed that the species was seen more in periods with more rain. Considering the recovery of the community and instable oscillations during the study years, it is possible to label this family as structurally stable, resistant and highly resilient. The quality of the family as a bioindicator, the efficiency of ecological parameters and the association with biotic factors indicate the structural stability that the Vale Natural Reserve provides this community.
Mazzoni, Marina Katia Ferreira. "Clonagem e expressão de proteína antiapoptótica presente na hemolinfa de Lonomia obliqua WALKER 1855 (Lepdoptera: Saturniidae) em Escherichia coli." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-07032016-134221/.
Full textThe caterpillar L. obliqua has become known for performing in their hemolymph proteins with biological activity demonstrated in cell cultures. The available literature does not provide studies on the expression of antiapoptotic protein L. oblique, so this study aims cloning and expression of anti-apoptotic protein present in the hemolymph of L. oblique, bacterial system in Escherichia coli. The extracted mRNA L. obliqua husk gave a cDNA obtained by RT-PCR, which was cloned into pCR II-TOPO vector for subsequent transformation of E. coli bacteria JMQC. The heterologous expression, the fragment was subcloned into pET28a vector and transformed E. coli bacteria BLQC. The induction of expression was performed with 1 mM IPTG. The APLOrEC purified by chromatography was identified by Western blot. The biological activity was examined in APLOrE VERO and L929 cells after death induction, and it was found that this protected crops H2O2 induced with 4mM therefore effective in the structural maintenance of the cytoskeleton of such cells.
Aragão, Clara Wandenkolck Silva. "O genoma de um baculovírus isolado de cadáveres de larvas de Lonomia obliqua (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) : uma lagarta de interesse médico." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/2015.03.D.18273.
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Lonomia obliqua (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) é uma lagarta venenosa de importância médica devido a severidade de acidentes causados no Brasil pelo contato dessas lagartas com humanos. Patógenos naturais foram isolados dessa lagarta, como o baculovírus Lonomia oblique multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus – LoobMNPV. Nesse contexto, esse trabalho envolve o sequenciamento, a montagem, a análise da composição genômica e do contexto evolutivo de LoobMNPV. Esse genoma possui 120,023 pb, 134 ORFs, 12 ORFs únicas, 7 regiões homólogas (hrs) e conteúdo G+C de 35,7%. Baseado em análises que incluem os genes conservados de baculovírus (core genes) de 72 espécies únicas de baculovírus sequenciados, LoobMNPV localiza-se filogeneticamente no grupo I de Alphabaculovirus, pertencente a um clado irmão aos genomas similares a AcMNPV, apresentado também inversões e rearranjos genômicos em relação a esse clado. Uma das ORFs únicas (LoobNPVOrf-35) apresentou similaridade (E-value de 3e10-11) significativa a um Fator de Terminação de Transcrição (Transcription terminator factor -TTF2) oriundo do lepidóptero Danaus plexippus (GenBank: EHJ68439.1). Por outro lado, ao restringir essa busca aos baculovírus, essa ORF também apresentou similaridade (E-value de 1e10-6) ao Global Transactivator (GTA) de Antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedrovirus (Genbank:YP_611073.1). Esses resultados indicam duas hipóteses para a possível origem dessa ORF em LoobMNPV: esse gene pode ter sido adquirido independentemente por transferência horizontal de genes, ou é uma variação divergente do gene GTA. Esse genoma também apresentou a ausência dos genes da catepsina e quitinase, que por sua vez estão envolvidos na liquefação do hospedeiro ao final da infecção, propiciando a dispersão dos corpos de oclusão do baculovírus no ambiente. Essa ausência pode estar relacionada ao hábito gregário observado em Lonomia obliqua.
Lonomia obliqua (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is a poisonous larvae of medical importance due to the severity of accidents caused by the contact of these larvae with humans occurred in Brazil. Natural pathogens were isolated from these larvae, such as the baculovirus Lonomia oblique multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus – LoobMNPV. In this work, we have sequenced the genome of the baculovirus LoobMNPV and analyzed its genomic composition and evolutionary history. The genome is 120.023 bp long, comprising 135 putative ORFs, 12 unique ORFs, 7 homologous regions (hrs), and 35, 7% G+C content. Furthermore, in an evolutionary context, based on analysis that include the core genes from 72 unique species of sequenced baculovirus, LoobMNPV is located among Alphabaculovirus group I, as a sister-clade of the AcMNPV-like genomes, also presenting genomic inversions and rearrangements when compared to this clade. Interestingly, one unique ORF (LoobNPVOrf-35) showed significant similarity (E-value equals to 3e10-11) to a eukaryotic Transcription Terminator Factor (TTF2) from the lepidoptera Danaus plexippus (GenBank: EHJ68439.1). On the other hand, when restricting this search only to baculoviruses, this ORF also demonstrated similarity (E-value of 1e10-6) to the Global Transactivator (GTA) gene from Antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedrovirus (Genbank: YP_611073.1). These results indicated two hypothesis: this gene may have been independently acquired from the host through horizontal transfer, or it is a divergent variation of the GTA. This genome also lacks the cathepsin and chitinase genes that are involved in the host liquefaction at the end of the infection, benefiting the spread of the baculovirus occlusion bodies in the environment. This absence may be due to the gregarious habits observed in Lonomia obliqua.
Moraes, Roberto Henrique Pinto. "Identificação dos inimigos naturais de Lonomia obliqua Walker, 1855 (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae) e possíveis fatores determinantes do aumento da sua população." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11146/tde-30122002-090738/.
Full textThe main purpose of this study was to identify the natural enemies of Lonomia obliqua Walker, 1855, the caterpillar responsible for the hemorrhagic syndrome in human beings. From immatures of L. obliqua, collected in the field and reared in the laboratory, insects of the orders Diptera, Hymenoptera and Hemiptera, and also viruses and nematodes, were obtained. Based on the knowledge of the localities where hemorrhagic accidents were registered, the insect habitats were recognized. Comparing biotic and abiotic characteristics of these localities, generally rural, ones with those of the end of the XIX century, when the municipalities were created, an attempt was made to discuss the main factors might have influencing the increase of the species population.
Santos, Fábio Luis dos. "Riqueza, abundância e variação temporal de Saturniidae e Sphingidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) na localidade de Vossoroca, Tijucas do Sul, Paraná, Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/27308.
Full textCaovilla, Jairo José. "Avaliação da eficácia do soro antilonômico na reversão da síndrome hemorrágica causada por contado com lagartas da Lonomia obliqua (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10080.
Full textThe hemorrhagic syndrome caused by contact with Lonomia obliqua caterpillars has reached epidemic proportions in southern Brazil. This study aimed at assessing the efficacy of different dosages of an antilonomic serum (SALon) in the treatment of patients who had accidental contact with Lonomia obliqua caterpillars. A randomized, double-blinded, prospective clinical trial was conducted at São Vicente de Paulo Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Passo Fundo, Brazil. From January 2000 to April 2002, 44 patients with grade I or II hemorrhagic syndrome were randomly assigned to either group A (22 patients treated with 10,5mg total dose, 3 vials of SALon) or group B (22 patients treated with 17,5mg total dose, 5 vials of SALon). Treatment efficacy was assessed according to time necessary for blood coagulation to go back to normal, incidence of adverse reactions, and hospitalization time. There were no differences in clinical picture and laboratory findings between the two groups. Mean time for coagulation to go back to normal was 15.3±6.6 h and 19.1±8 h in groups A and B, respectively. Adverse reactions and hospitalization time were similar in both groups. SALon was effective and well tolerated. Results suggest that substantially smaller doses than those routinely prescribed may be sufficient for the treatment of envenoming by Lonomia caterpillars.
Gamboa, Osores Evelyn Fabiola. "Riqueza y distribución altitudinal de los Arctiinae (Erebidae), Sphingidae y Saturniidae (Insecta: Lepidoptera) en la Reserva Paisajística Nor YauyosCochas, Lima, Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/16355.
Full textCorrêa, Danilo do Carmo Vieira. "Biodiversidade de Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) nos biomas brasileiros, padrões de atividade temporal diária e áreas prioritárias para conservação de Sphingidae e Saturniidae no Cerrado." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2017. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/24663.
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Mariposas representam aproximadamente 12% de toda a fauna terrestre vivente. As famílias Sphingidae e Saturniidae são importantes indicadores da qualidade ambiental e respondem rapidamente às alterações no habitat. O conhecimento da composição, riqueza, abundância, distribuição e padrões de atividade desses lepidópteros nos biomas brasileiros ainda é restrito. Este estudo buscou elaborar um panorama da biodiversidade e distribuição de Sphingidae nos biomas brasileiros, caracterizar padrões de atividade diária de Sphingidae e Saturniidae no Cerrado e identificar áreas prioritárias para conservação dessas famílias nesse Bioma. Análises de registros de ocorrência levantados de dados secundários e de levantamentos populacionais realizados nos Parque Nacionais Chapada dos Veadeiros, Diamantina e em Rio Pardo de Minas-MG revelaram que: a Mata Atlântica e a Amazônia são os biomas com maior riqueza e número de espécies endêmicas de Sphingidae, seguidos do Cerrado e Caatinga, cujos padrões de riqueza são influenciados por variáveis abióticas; há um alto grau de compartilhamento de espécies entre os biomas brasileiros, onde as matas de galeria do Cerrado e brejos de altitude da Caatinga podem ser as principais vias de dispersão entre a Amazônia e Mata Atlântica; a esfingofauna do Pantanal é praticamente desconhecida; em mais de 95% das UCs ainda não foram realizados levantamentos de Sphingidae; os padrões de atividade diária de assembleias de Sphingidae e Saturniidae ocorrem em horários sobrepostos e deslocados para o final da noite, sendo uma possível estratégia anti-predação; as áreas prioritárias para conservação de Sphingidae e Saturniidae no Cerrado encontram-se em regiões atualmente fragmentadas e com alto risco de fragmentação; 83% das áreas prioritárias para conservação ainda não estão protegidas; 62,5% das áreas prioritárias não estão atualmente contempladas nas prioridades de proteção para o Cerrado, colocando em risco a conservação desta enorme biodiversidade. Estes resultados podem orientar novos levantamentos populacionais e futuras ações de conservação destes lepidópteros.
The Sphingidae and Saturniidae families are important indicators of environmental quality and respond quickly to changes in habitat. Knowledge on composition, richness, abundance, distribution and activity patterns of these Lepidoptera in Brazilian biomes is still limited. This study aimed to elaborate an outlook of the biodiversity and distribution of Sphingidae in Brazilian biomes, characterize patterns of daily activity of Sphingidae and Saturniidae in the Cerrado and identify priority areas for conservation of these families in this biome. Analyses of occurrence records collected from secondary data and population surveys carried out in Chapada dos Veadeiros and Chapada Diamantina National Parks, as well as in Rio Pardo de Minas-MG revealed that: the Atlantic and Amazon forests are the richest biomes with the highest number of endemic species of Sphingidae, followed by the Cerrado and Caatinga, from which patterns of richness are influenced by abiotic variables; There is a high degree of species sharing among the Brazilian biomes, where the Cerrado gallery forests and Caatinga highland marshes may be the main dispersion paths between the Amazon and the Atlantic Forest; The sphingofauna of the Pantanal is practically unknown; Sphingidae have not been surveyed in more than 95% of Brazilian conservation units; The diel activity patterns in Sphingidae and Saturniidae assemblages occur at overlapping and displaced schedules towards the end of the night, that being a possible anti- predation strategy; The priority areas for conservation of Sphingidae and Saturniidae in the Cerrado are located in highly fragmented regions and at high risk of further fragmentation; 83% of priority areas for conservation are not yet protected; 62,5% of the priority areas are not currently included in the protection priorities for the Cerrado, which endangers the conservation of this enormous biodiversity. These results may guide new population surveys and future conservation actions for these Lepidoptera.
Oliveira, Laura Braga de. "Importância das fitofisionomias e estações climáticas na distribuição espacial e temporal de mariposas noturnas (Lepidoptera : Arctiinae, Saturniidae e Sphingidae) no Parque Estadual dos Pireneus, GO." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2014. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/17413.
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Mariposas são indicadoras da qualidade de habitat e respondem às perturbações antrópicas, ao tipo de vegetação e aos processos sucessionais. No bioma Cerrado, pouco se conhece sobre a distribuição das espécies de mariposas em diferentes fitofisionomias e suas variações sazonais. Sendo assim, o presente estudo teve como principal objetivo descrever os padrões de distribuição espacial e temporal de três táxons de mariposas (Erebidae [Arctiinae], Saturniidae e Sphingidae), que diferem em suas ecologias e histórias de vida. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma área de Cerrado localizada no Parque Estadual dos Pireneus (PEP), GO. Primeiramente verificou-se o efeito das fitofisionomias na estruturação da diversidade alfa e beta de mariposas, utilizando a análise de partição aditiva hierárquica. Em seguida foram descritos os padrões de distribuição espacial e temporal, para cada táxon separadamente, nas fitofisionomias e estações climáticas caraterísticas do bioma Cerrado. Foram capturados 4.854 indivíduos pertencentes a 340 espécies de mariposas. Destas, 2.184 indivíduos de 199 espécies correspondeu à subfamília Arctiinae, 2.197 indivíduos de 93 espécies aos saturniídeos e 473 indivíduos de 48 espécies aos esfingídeos. A partição da diversidade das mariposas noturnas do PEP indicou claramente que as fitofisionomias constituem a escala espacial mais importante na determinação da composição da comunidade. A partição aditiva apresentou, ainda, resultados distintos para cada grupo taxonômico, indicando que as famílias de mariposas respondem diferentemente ao efeito da heterogeneidade de habitat. Os padrões de distribuição espacial e temporal diferiram entre os táxons estudados. Para Arctiinae (Erebidae) a distribuição temporal da abundância observada diferiu entre as fitofisionomias, e as fitofisionomias e estações climáticas influenciaram a estruturação da composição de espécies. Para estas mariposas a mata semidecídua, aparentemente, funciona como um refúgio durante a estação seca. A distribuição temporal da abundância observada das espécies de Saturniidae foi agrupada na estação chuvosa e não diferiu entre as fitofisionomias, no entanto, a composição de espécies diferiu entre as fitofisionomias e estações climáticas. Enquanto a família Sphingidae apresentou sazonalidade, ocorrendo principalmente na estação chuvosa, mas a distribuição temporal da abundância observada diferiu entre as fitofisionomias. Não houve um efeito significativo das fitofisionomias e estações climáticas na estruturação da composição de espécies destas mariposas. As diferenças observadas nos padrões de distribuição espacial e temporal entre as famílias de mariposas estudadas no PEP podem ser explicadas pelas diferenças nas suas histórias de vida. __________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Moths are considered to be bioindicators of habitat quality because they respond to anthropic disturbances, to vegetation type and successional processes. In the Cerrado biome, little is known regarding the distribution of moth species in vegetation types and their seasonal variations. Therefore, this study had the main objective to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of three taxa of moths (Erebidae [Arctiinae], Saturniidae and Sphingidae), which differ in their ecologies and life histories. This study was carried out in an area of Cerrado within the Parque Estadual dos Pireneus (PEP), GO, Brazil. Firstly, it was verified the effect of the vegetation types in the structure of alpha and beta diversity of moths, using the analysis of hierarchical additive partitioning. Subsequently, were described the temporal and spatial distribution patterns for each taxon, accordingly to vegetation types and seasons. Were captured 4,854 individuals belonging to 340 species of moths, of these, 2,184 individuals of 199 species corresponded to Arctiinae, 2,197 individuals of 93 species to saturniids, and 473 individuals of 48 species to hawkmoths. The additive partitioning of the moth diversity in the PEP clearly indicated that the vegetation types are the most important spatial scale in determining the composition of the community. It also indicated that families of moths respond differently to the effect of habitat heterogeneity. Patterns of spatial and temporal distribution differed among taxa. Temporal distribution of relative abundance of Arctiinae (Erebidae) differed between vegetation types. Vegetation types and seasons influenced the structuring of their species composition. Apparently, the semideciduous forest functions as Arctiinae refuge during the dry season. Temporal distribution of the relative abundance of Saturniidae was grouped in the wet season and did not differ among the vegetation types however, the species composition differed among the vegetation types and seasons. The distribution of Sphingidae was seasonal occurring mainly in the wet season, but the temporal distribution of relative abundance differed among vegetation types. The vegetation types and seasons had not a significant effect in structuring their species composition. The observed differences in the patterns of spatial and temporal distribution among families of moths can be explained by differences in their life histories.
Fugiwara, Cintia Yumi. "Estudo de algumas atividades biológicas do extrato de cerdas da lagarta Lonomia obliqua Walker, 1855 (Lepidóptera, Saturniidae) preparado após diferentes períodos de armazenamento das cerdas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-21032007-151156/.
Full textContact with Lonomia obliqua caterpillar bristles may cause a consumptive hemostatic disturbance. The first human accident caused by Lonomia was described in Venezuela, in 1967. Thirty six cases were reported in Northern Region of Brazil by a retrospective study between 1978 and 1982, but since 1989 a high incidence of hemorrhagic syndrome, caused by contact with L. obliqua caterpillars has also been reported in Southern Brazil, mainly in rural areas around Passo Fundo (RS) and Chapecó (SC). The occurrence of such accidents has spread to central regions of Brazil and some sporadic notifications have been reported in other regions of South America. Initially, severe human accidental contact with L. obliqua caterpillars was treated with antifibrinolytics drugs and infusion of packed red cells in Venezuela and Brazil. Since 1994, nonetheless, a specific antivenom that neutralizes the biological effects of the bristle extract has been produced by Butantan Institute, using bristles obtained from caterpillars collected in areas of large prevalence. Thereafter, antivenom therapy has been used successfully in Brazil. Taking into account that biological activities of extracts used for antivenom production may decrease during the storage period of bristles, the aim of this study was to compare their stability, using extracts prepared from fresh (without freezing) and frozen bristles stored for 2, 4 and 6 months at -20ºC. Bristles were from caterpillars in instars 5 and 6. Three batches of bristle extract (A, B and C) were prepared from caterpillars collected in Passo Fundo area (RS); each batch of bristles were pooled, and used immediately or stored for 2, 4 and 6 months at -20º C, before being used for extract production. Our results showed that the clotting activity of extracts of batches A and C were decreased in bristles frozen for 2 months or longer (p <0.05), while it was reduced in samples frozen for 4 months or longer in batch B. Similarly, phospholipase A2 activity was reduced in extracts prepared with bristles frozen for 2 months or longer in batches A and C, and for 4 months or longer in batch B (p <0.05). On the other hand, storage affected neither the hemolytic activity evaluated indirectly, nor immunogenicity in samples of different batches. Additionally, direct hemolytic activity and fibrinolytic activity were not detected in any sample of the three batches. Electrophoretic protein profile of extract batches on SDS-PAGE did not show evident alterations, but the densitometric analyses of samples indicated degradation and denaturation, which could be associated with the reduction of biological activities. Our results indicate that freezing bristles for two months or longer decrease both procoagulant and phospholipase A2 activities of the extract. However, extracts prepared from frozen bristles can be used for antivenom production, since freezing affected neither the quantity nor quality of produced antibodies. Experiments will be accomplished to verify the effectiveness of these antibodies in vivo.
Vassal, Jean-Michel. "Biologie, écologie et pathologie d'Hylesia metabus (Cramer 1775) (Lépidoptères:Saturniidae), agent de la "papillonite" en Guyane française : mise en place d'une structure de lutte intégrée." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20046.
Full textGerson, Elizabeth Ann. "Protection of pandora moth (Coloradia pandora Blake) eggs from consumption by golden-mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis Say)." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/10597.
Full text"Saturnídeos (lepidoptera, saturniidae) ocorrentes no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." Tese, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUCRS, 2006. http://tede.pucrs.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=178.
Full textDitlhogo, Marks K. "The natural history of Imbrasia belina (Westwood)(Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), and some factors affecting its abundance in north-eastern Botswana." 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/19148.
Full text"Identificação dos inimigos naturais de Lonomia obliqua Walker, 1855 (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae) e possíveis fatores determinantes do aumento da sua população." Tese, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11146/tde-30122002-090738/.
Full textWalter, C. T., M. Tomasicchio, V. Hodgson, D. A. Hendry, M. P. Hill, and Rosemary Dorrington. "Characterization of a succession of small insect viruses in a wild South African population of Nudaurelia cytherea capensis (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006161.
Full textThiboldeaux, Robert. "Mechanisms of differential toxicity to dietary 1,4-naphthoquinones in Saturniid moths." 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/36987686.html.
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