Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Savoirs professionnels'
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Habboub, El Mostafa. "La didactique professionnelle et la didactique des savoirs professionnels dans la documentation scientifique francophone." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/569.
Full textVenet, Valérie. "Production, diffusion et usage des savoirs professionnels en formation d'adultes : les lectures professionnelles des formateurs d'adultes." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50377-2003-37.pdf.
Full textQuemeneur, Geneviève. "Les savoirs professionnels engendrés par la pratique enseignante à l'école élémentaire." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100188.
Full textCan we learn how to teach ? What learns a teacher by teaching and how? Since the creation of elementary school, this matter has been the subject of many studies. The level of knowledge of teachers has been improved in a progressive and continuous maner. In order to take into account the complexity of pratical teaching, pedagogy has been introduced very early in the professional cursus.Therefore what do the the teachers of elementary school know?This work, by inquiring experimented teachers of elementary schools tries to point out the knowledges coming out by practising teaching, the origin of them and their aims. Most of the answers of the teachers shows that they ask themselves about the existence of such knowledge from practising. However these teachers, estimate that, by the way, they have acquired a “know to be” which modifies deeply their personnality and their teaching
Trivière, François-Xavier. "La bricole ouvriere savoirs professionnels et activites peripheriques en milieu ouvrier." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT3025.
Full textThis research, conducted among a working class population in the nantes-saint-nazaire area, concerns working practices referred to as "de bricole", carried out on the fringe of regular paid employment. Following a lexicographical study making it possible to point out a category of thought and experience relating to the "travail de bricole" (almost to potter, to tinker), in turn followed by a rereading of monographic sources from the last century aiming at situating from a historical standpoint certain marginal forms of work discernable today, the author analyses the construction of a field of leasure in witch these practices were classified in the do-it-yourself category. This effort on elaboration answers a questionning formulated between the two world wars in literature dealing with working class leasure activity, in light of the evolution of working class living conditions and industrial labor. This concern encounters a sociological reflection on working class labor wich herein forms the subject of a critical examination. The end result is a definition of do-it-yourself/ odd jobs as a leasure activity, exempt from productive constraints and operating against the tide of professional life. The analysis of currently observed practices overturns this viewpoint. Indeed, it is shown that professional labor constitutes a matrix of do-it-yourself practices by those people concerned wich mobilizes, while reconstructing them, industrial logic and knowledge in the private sphere. They in turn reestablich a "productive order" and widen the scope of work
Andrade, Ludimila Tomé de. "Les discours et les lieux de formation des enseignants de langue maternelle : du savoir savant aux savoirs professionnels." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081192.
Full textI have researched into the scientific knowledge of linguistics focusing my attention on the mouvement of their diffusion in the field of mother tongue teachers training in brazil. My objective was to place the teacher in relation to the whole of the knowledge he is in contact with. This knowledge was combined with its places of origin and its major development steps : from the university, in the very begining, up to the teachers, the knowledge receivers, going through the official training institution, placed in an intermediate position. The analysis of the texts that constitute the training's discursive analysis made possible a description of the procedures deployed by their authors taking the image of the ideal reader-teacher as a starting point. This research was based on the idea that this type of image plays an essential role, among other factors, in the construction of the teacher's identity. Linguistic knowledge is successively appropriated by the field's agents according to the specifics needs of each transmission institution. These appropriations and the conditions necessary for their production could be described through the analysis of the training documents. We could conclude that the importance given to the teacher's savoir- faire is not great enough in these texts. The teacher's savoir-faire must be the target of the academic research in order for it to diffuse knowledge that could constitute a source of transpositions and become a real training knowledge
Mezui, M'obiang Samuel. "Les gestes professionnels, entre savoirs scolaires formalisés et savoirs d’expérience dans la formation des enseignants de maintenance des systèmes motorisés au Gabon." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3007.
Full textThis thesis deals with the training of teachers. In the context of Gabonese maintenance trades are organised on a large variety of professional practices. Appreciates posture adopted this diversity by professors of the ENSET students and the impact of the training on their evolution. The goal is the change in the knowledge of teachers. The study presents the comparative analysis of the activity of two groups previously subject to different educational approaches. She is interested in the static ignition timing. Submitted to the same questionnaire, the pre test and post test, and a semi directive interview, productions have undergone a qualitative analysis of content on mastery of concepts, the construction of the gestures and adaptability to technological change. The results show best prerequisites of the witness to the pre test group; a better acquisition of concepts in the experimental group the test post; a good overall efficiency during the classical ignition timing; a good transfer of knowledge in the experimental group during the change in technology and a better conceptualization of the situation of the experimental group when the verbatim. This thesis is that the identification of key concepts and putting them in perspective in professional situations representative of diversity, is a possible solution for these courses. It postulates that the knowledge of the principle, associated with the acquisition of skills in technology, is capable of adapting to the use of the trained students
Blanc, Julie. "Construction et mobilisation des savoirs professionnels : le cas des pratiques enseignantes d'évaluation à l'école primaire." Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20014.
Full textWithin the framework of studies regarding teachers' professional development, the present research revolves around the relationship between teaching practices (the class context) and collegial practices, as implemented within the school itself. They are envisaged from the aspect of social learning. Adopting a socio-cognitive approach, the thesis defends that the shared work implemented by teachers (during collegial practices) is favorable to the constructing of professional knowledge, which is to be mobilized afterwards, especially during teaching practices. This study used longitudinal observations of both teaching practices (tests in mathematics) and collegial practices. These observations were followed and developed further through semi directive interviews, and by the utilizing of a "livret scolaire" or school report book (an official document aimed at communicating scholar results to the families). The analysis of empirical documents was based on the triangulation of data regarding quantity and quality. The results bring to light two modalities concenring collegial practices : one is based on shared minima, the other on the sharing of common practices inducing a specific form of teaching. They show that the implementation of a shared activity plays a significant part in the organizing of practices of appraisal. The collegial dimension of professional activity appears thus as one of the organizers of teachers' teaching practices. Indeed, these latter construct and subsequently mobilize professional knowledge, and the modality of that constructing is for its major part linked to the nature of the collegial activity implemented within the school
Baya, Chatti Chedli. "Innovation et transmission intergénérationnelle des savoirs professionnels dans les entreprises artisanales de métiers ancestraux en Tunisie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28871/28871.pdf.
Full textBORGES, CECILIA MARIA FERREIRA. "L ENSEIGNANT DE L ÉDUCATION DE BASE DU 5E AU 8E. DEGRÉ ET LEURS SAVOIRS PROFESSIONNELS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2002. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=3988@1.
Full textCette thèse s inscrit dans le champ de la recherche internationale sur les savoirs des enseignants abordés en lien avec leur travail et leur formation. Elle propose plus spécifiquement une recherche sur les savoirs professionnels en relation avec la problématique des composantes disciplinaires (formation disciplinaire, disciplines enseignées ou matières scolaires, structures disciplinaires du curriculum, orientations disciplinaires, etc.) qui interviennent dans la formation et le travail des enseignants de l éducation de base de l enseignement fondamental des niveaux 5 à 8 au Brésil. Notre recherche s efforce de comprendre, en s appuyant sur des entrevues semi-structurées avec vingt-trois enseignants de différentes disciplines, comment ils conçoivent leurs savoirs professionnels en relation à ces composantes disciplinaires. Quel place, quel poids et quelle signification leur attribuent-ils tant dans leur formation initiale que leur travail quotidien? Exploitant plus particulièrement trois ordres de questions relatifs àl apprentissage du travail enseignant, aux savoirs à la base de la profession et au travail curriculaire, la recherche explore, entre autres, des idées comme la connaissance pédagogique de la matière, les connaissances disciplinaires, les disciplines enseignées et les savoirs d expérience. Elle montre comment les références aux expériences préprofessionnelles et professionnelles dominent largement le discours des enseignants en ce qui a trait à leur apprentissage du métier. Cependant, cela n implique pas, de leur part, une dévalorisation de leur propre formation initiale d orientation disciplinaire, même si cette dernière ne permet pas, aux dires des enseignants, de rendre compte de la complexité de l exercice de leur profession. La recherche met également en évidence l existence de six catégories de savoirs professionnels identifiées par les enseignants eux-mêmes et parmi lesquelles se situent les savoirs disciplinaires ; cet ensemble de savoirs est considéré globalement comme un amalgame impliquant des compétences, des savoir-faire et des savoir-être ainsi que des connaissances, des postures et des valeurs. Finalement, la thèse souligne comment, face au travail curriculaire, les enseignants envisagent l enseignement comme un art. De la sorte, face aux finalités scolaires d éducation et d instruction qu ils doivent assumer, notre recherche met en évidence comment les enseignants définissent et situent leurs propres savoirs ainsi que leur propre tâche de responsables de l enseignement d une matière, laquelle met en jeu, certes, leur responsabilité dans la transmission d une connaissance spécifique mais, surtout, un engagement plus global dans le processus de socialisation et d éducation des élèves. La figure central résultant de cet amalgame de savoirs professionnels pourrait notamment s exprimer par l image d un kaléidoscope dans lequel les savoirs, en constant mouvement, se recomposent, se réorganisent, se reconstruisent et, en même temps, se hiérarchisent selon les exigences et les situations contingentes de leur propre travail d enseignant.
Esta tese inscreve-se no âmbito das pesquisas internacionais que se interessam pelos saberes dos docentes, considerando o seu trabalho e a sua formação. Trata-se de uma investigação sobre os saberes profissionais em relação à problemática dos componentes disciplinares (formação disciplinar, disciplinas ensinadas ou matérias escolares, estrutura curricular disciplinar, orientações disciplinares) que intervêm na formação e no trabalho dos professores da Educação Básica do Ensino Fundamental de 5a. a 8a. séries no Brasil. A pesquisa busca compreender, por meio da análise de depoimentos colhidos através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, como vinte e três professores, de diferentes disciplinas, concebem seus saberes profissionais em relação a esses componentes. Que lugar, peso e significado eles lhes atribuem, tanto na sua formação inicial quanto no seu trabalho? Centrando-se, particularmente, sobre três ordens de questões relativas à aprendizagem do trabalho docente, aos saberes na base da profissão e ao trabalho curricular, explora conceitos como conhecimento pedagógico da matéria, conhecimentos disciplinares, disciplinas, saberes da experiência, entre outros. Mostra como as experiências préprofissionais e profissionais ocupam boa parte do discurso dos docentes no que concerne à aprendizagem do métier, sem, contudo, desconsiderar a formação inicial, de orientação disciplinar que, porém, não dá conta da complexidade do ofício docente. Indica seis categorias de saberes profissionais, apontadas pelos professores, entre os quais, os saberes disciplinares são considerados no bojo de um amálgama, envolvendo as competências, o saber-fazer e saber-ser, os conhecimentos, as posturas e valores etc. Por fim, aponta como, frente ao trabalho curricular, os professores aproximam-se da idéia do ensino como arte. De modo que, entre as finalidades escolares de educar e instruir, evidencia como definem e situam seus saberes e a si próprios enquanto professores de uma disciplina, responsáveis pela transmissão de um conhecimento específico mas, sobretudo, engajados de modo mais global no processo de socialização e educação de seus alunos. Uma das figuras centrais resultante desse amálgama de saberes profissionais aponta para a imagem de um caleidoscópio, no qual os saberes, em constante movimento, compõem-se, reorganizam-se, reconstroem-se e, mesmo, hierarquizam-se de acordo com as demandas e situações contingentes do seu trabalho.
Eyland, Isabelle. "Les savoirs professionnels liés au care chez les infirmiers libéraux : construction d'un outil d'analyse des gestes professionnels liés au care dans des situations de soins." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTD012/document.
Full textThe term care has become, in recent years, increasingly popular in various fields such as education, sociology or politics. Historically, the notion of caring, care, has always been attached to the nursing function. The first references to the concept date from the 1970s in the USA and have given rise to many works, writings and definitions. This dissertation in Education Sciences focuses on the organisation of professional gestures related to care provided by nurses in private practice in rural areas. The research question is: In real work situations, what professional gestures related to care do the private practice nurses mobilize and what types of professional knowledge are they based on?The objective, through research carried out, is a double challenge. The first step is to identify the professional gestures related to care in order to make them visible and to question their possible added value in care. Secondly, it is proposed to develop a tool for the analysis of care gestures in order to inform the activity of nurses during care and to approach the concerns of professionals in work situations. In a training context, this tool would permit the analysis of care situations and to identify the mobilization of professional gestures related to care
Garel, Gilles. "Reduction du temps de conception, concourance et savoirs professionnels : le cas de l'emboutissage dans les projets automobiles." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EPXX0029.
Full textDhahri, Mohamed Noureddine. "Impact de la formation continuée sur les représentations liées au métier d'enseignant : apport des savoirs théoriques aux savoirs professionnels, transformation des pratiques et des identités professionnelles (le cas de la formation à l'ISEFC en Tunisie)." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT3037.
Full textNeumann, Cédric. "De la mécanographie à l’informatique : les relations entre catégorisation des techniques, groupes professionnels et transformations des savoirs managériaux." Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100149.
Full textThe history of information processing considers that the apparition and use of computers fall within a broader movement of mechanization of administrative tasks and more generally of writing. This vivid prospect allows relativizing analyses dealing with the « society of information » in which the use of computers is an unprecedented phenomenon, leading to brutal and first ever society transformations, thanks to a growing production of information circulating fast. The continuity between the « mécanographiques » machines and computers can be seen at the level of the manufacturers as well as at the level of the clients and their uses. It does not explain however why computers have no longer been seen as a development of « mécanographie » but as a radically different phenomenon in the 1960s. This thesis will precisely deal with the elaboration of this difference. For that purpose, our work will analyze a relatively short period compared to previous analysis: 1945 to 1975. This period is first characterized by the extension of the use of punched cards machines, then by their progressive replacement by computers. It happened in a delimited area, France, in which the invention of a new term, « informatique » highlights the symbolic difference between « mécanographie » and computers. To understand why « informatique » could appear as a « revolution » compared to « mécanographie », one should not restrict the analysis to the uses of the different equipment but restitutes the relations of equivalence existing between the machines, the staff using it, the different activity fields of companies, and the knowledge the latter require. This transformation of these relations explains why comparable uses of different equipment have actually come along with the elaboration of so heterogeneous and antinomic categories as « mécanographie » and « informatique ». We show that the notion of « mécanographie », used to describe the range of equipment rationalizing the administrative tasks is aligned with the principles of scientific management. « La mécanographie » is primarily justified by the increase of the productivity of administrative work. The latter relies on a narrow specialization of «mécanographes » and the use of a female staff for the most depreciated tasks. The « mécanographe » staff is briefly trained, most of the time by the manufacturers themselves (ch. 1). On the contrary, the use of computers is no longer only linked to productivity but to the improvement of management quality. The close association of computers with conception and direction tasks give birth to the notion of « informatique » in the economic field and to beliefs inherent to the «révolution informatique » (ch. 2). In this context, individuals working on computers are no longer considered like a staff executing but conceiving, which leads to the creation of a labor market of computer engineers autonomous from the one of the machines. The assimilation of computer engineers to executives and the rise of the cultural capital required contributed to exclude the majority of former « mécanographes » from computer-related jobs and to increase the difference between « informatique » and « mécanographie » (ch. 3). The distinct properties of computer engineers compared to « mécanographes » are reinforced by the creation of university-level training in computer engineering to supply the labor market of specialists. Nonetheless, the content of these trainings shows the struggling between the university professors teaching those and the employers (ch. 4). Finally, as opposed to « mécanographie », « informatique » is considered as a specific tool for the majority of the executives. This is due on one hand to the « grandes écoles » introducing the teaching of computer engineering in their curriculum, transforming the latter in a mandatory know-how for the students (ch. 5); and on the other hand to the transformation of executives into « users » via the permanent training, conceived as a means to get optimal use of «’informatique » (ch. 6)
Beaujouan, Joffrey. "Contributions des récits professionnels à l’apprentissage d’un métier : le cas d’une formation d’ergonomes." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21836/document.
Full textThis research aims at understanding the contribution of professional narrative accounts in preparing future ergonomists for their profession. It follows the recent introduction of a training program piloted by teachers in a university training center during which ergonomists gave students narrative accounts about their professional practice. The study of the effects of these narratives indicates that their educational purpose does not prejudge how the student will use them in a learning perspective. Some narratives were much more captivating, were better remembered, and produced much more targeted effects of ergonomics training than others by a majority of the students. All the narratives are not equivalent. Several favorable learning conditions were identified, among them the development of the professional’s explanation of the educational purpose of the narrative account, using dynamic visuals, giving real applications of how the accounts could be useful for students, involving the addressees of narratives and the development of the number of problem situations discussed during professional narratives and their resolutions. These results highlight the crucial role of the trainer and professional contributors, and provide food for thought regarding the design of training programs and the conditions of production, narration and utilization of accounts by the students and the participating professionals. We also note an influence of the student’s own cultural background, goals and mobiles in the process of operating accounts. We argue the principle of a double contribution {narrative-subject} whose some coupling properties promote a productive use of narratives.Finally, several professional guides use narratives in the context of university education are developed. They address several audiences. First, anyone wishing to be guided in developing an account of his experience. In addition, anyone wishing to engage professionals to share their experience in a training context.Keywords: professional training, professional narratives, ergonomics, teaching situation, conditions and learning process, episodic knowledge
Deligny, Clara. "La compétence éthique des professionnels soignants : une analyse des savoirs et des usages de soi dans les hôpitaux de l'APHM." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0638.
Full textHow can we define a competent individual in ethics ? If ethical skill is characterized by an ability to adopt the way to act as fairas possible to the lived situation, the confrontation with realities must highlight debates of standards underlying the ethical skill. We propose to make it more readable and to update it by identifying the elements that constitute the work activity, in particular that of healthcare professionals at work in the public hospitals of Marseille (APHM). How to be competent in services welcoming a heterogeneous public from the point of view of the diseases, of the culture and the values ? In the line with Ergologie’s work, this study proposes to perceive ethical skill with language exists in work and analyzing the knowledge and the « uses of one » of the nursing staff
Grober-Traviesas, Diane. "Des formateurs d’infirmiers à l’épreuve de l’universitarisation et de la professionnalisation : la réforme de la formation des infirmiers de 2009." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080031.
Full textThis thesis updates new questions concerning the professionalization of nurse trainers, both in its individual and collective dimension, to develop a new form of emancipatory relationship with oneself, in the context of the reform of the initial training of nurses in 2009. Indeed, initiating the movement of universitarization of paramedical training in France, the training of nurses then engaged in transformations based on contemporary models of the skills-based approach and reflective practitioner. Our problem is that of the forms of understanding of this reform of nurse trainers, through the prism of their relationship to knowledge. Our corpus is made up of semi-structured interviews and written records of these trainers as part of so-called integration units aimed at analyzing complex professional situations and developing an autonomous professional posture. Our results show that these trainers who seem to share the same professional doxa, the "heart-of-business", do not value the same professional knowledge. These conflicts in relation to knowledge can turn into conflicts of legitimacy, raising the question of their mediation within institutions. They also show that the form of professionalization of nurse educators has a major impact on their relationship to knowledge. They thus open up perspectives for a reflection on the forms of translation of the reform by management teams and the means that can participate in changing their professional habitus, as well as on the challenges of mastering trainers
Beaujouan, Joffrey. "Contributions des récits professionnels à l'apprentissage d'un métier. Le cas d'une formation d'ergonomes." Phd thesis, Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00777722.
Full textThébault, Jeanne. "La transmission professionnelle : processus d'élaboration d'interactions formatives en situation de travail. Une recherche auprès de personnels soignants dans un Centre Hospitalier Universitaire." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00968610.
Full textGardiès, Cécile. "De la mouvance identitaire à l'ancrage scientifique des professionnels de l'information-documentation dans l'Enseignement Agricole." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349759.
Full textCes interrogations montrent la nécessité de repenser les liens entre les pratiques et leurs référents théoriques comme susceptibles de constituer un socle scientifique et professionnel commun et un cadre d'analyse constructif. Ainsi les Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication peuvent éclairer les problèmes soulevés au travers de la définition d'un réseau de concepts propres à l'information-documentation et d'une réflexion épistémologique. Cette centration sur les SIC n'exclut pas des apports complémentaires comme ceux de la sociologie du travail ou des Sciences de l'Education sur les questions de professionnalisation, de formation et d'enseignement. L'hypothèse d'une interaction productive entre recherche scientifique et évolution des pratiques professionnelles permet de repenser la place des savoirs et d'envisager une meilleure appréhension et compréhension des phénomènes informationnels en jeu dans l'enseignement secondaire en France.
Martinez, Perez Christian. "Apprendre et Appartenir La socialisation ouvrière à l'aune des apprentissages professionnels, sociologie comparée des ateliers de construction métallique et d'une grande entreprise d'aéronautique." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651566.
Full textAlglave, Nathalie. "L’influence des stratégies hétérorégulatives des infirmières sur l’auto-efficacité des adultes atteints de maladie chronique à autoréguler leur santé-dans-la-maladie : expérimentation d’une méthode intégrative des savoirs expérientiels des personnes atteintes de maladie chronique et des savoirs professionnels des soignants." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9850.
Full textVaz, Céline. "Le franquisme et la production de la ville : politiques du logement et de l’urbanisme, mondes professionnels et savoirs urbains en Espagne des années 1930 aux années 1970." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100196.
Full textFrancoism and urban production. Housing and urban policies, professionals and urban sciences in Spain from the 1930's to the 1970's.An urban model oriented towards growth, lack of public facilities and infrastructure, high proportion of owner-tenancy, shortage of public housing, or the relevance of real state in the national economy are some of the characteristics of Spain’s urban development during Franco’s dictatorship. It became a main social concern and way to criticize Franco’s regime at the end of the dictatorship. The aim of this PhD thesis is to study the mode of production of Spanish cities during the dictatorship and the social urban movement at the end of the regime. This research is based on the double analysis of national urban planning and housing policies and of the role of one of their principal actors: the architects. During the Franco’s era, State’s intervention was indeed reflected on housing and town-planning through a set of central institutions or bodies, of legal provisions and official measures. Theses decisions determined the mode of urban development. Owing to their privileged position in the building sector in Spain, architects play a key role in the definition and implementation of these policies. Moreover, some architects were years later the leaders of urban criticism and urban social movement. This set-up brings into light the development, if not the constitution, of the urban space as a category of public action during the Franco years, as well as its effects on the professional and scientific fields. This PhD thesis intends to constitute a social history of urban policies during the Franco’s era (1939-1975). Through this approach, it contributes to a better knowledge of the history of this period, of the history of urban social sciences and public action and of the sociology of professions
Hemdi, Ali. "Étude du processus d'enseignement-apprentissage du concept de résistance des matériaux : influence des discours des enseignants de mécanique sur leurs pratiques." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX10120.
Full textGarcia, Audrey. "De l'apprentissage professionnel : le cas des enseignants stagiaires de l'enseignement agricole français durant le stage de pratique accompagnée." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00650045.
Full textGand, Sébastien. "L'organisation des dynamiques de services professionnels : logique de rationalisation, cadre de gestion et formes de collégialité. À partir d'une recherche intervention dans un cabinet d'expertise et de conseil." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00738425.
Full textAlves, Ribeiro Petitjean Rosimare. "Le dialogue entre les différentes catégories d’acteurs dans les démarches de prévention des risques au travail : une source de savoirs utile à la production de connaissances." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3139.
Full textThis research aimed at studying the dialogue between the actors involved in risk prevention at work. As the preventive field covers several areas of knowledge, companies seek to control occupational hazards within a multidisciplinary perspective. However, despite the importance of viewing from various fields of knowledge, several factors are part of the activities of a collective that deals with prevention: the interaction among group members, circulation and dialogue between the knowledge of the actors, a relationship of power among people or groups that make up this team, etc. The circulation of knowledge between the actors of the CHSCT (Committee for Hygiene, Safety and Working Conditions) of NF-B Center and its contribution to risk prevention was taken into account. So that this study could reflect the reality of CHSCT, the established knowledge (formal) and also the knowledge of the actors experience were considered. Relying on ergological approach that considers these two forms of knowledge the point of view of those who participate in the CHSCT was taken into account. Data analysis was focused on the development of the dialogue on certain topics over time. It showed that the actors find various difficulties that interfere in the dialogues that take place in the fulfillment of their missions. Thus, it was seen that the circulation and dialogue between the knowledge of different actors promote risk prevention, and that this is also favored by the way these actors overcome these obstacles, by placing their knowledge ultimately circulating between various actors of the CHSCT, so there may be a dialogue on this knowledge
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de estudar o diálogo entre as diferentes categorias de atores que intervêm na prevenção de riscos no trabalho. Em razão do campo preventivo abranger vários domínios do conhecimento, as empresas procuram controlar os riscos profissionais dentro de uma prespectiva pluridisciplinar. Contudo, apesar da importância do olhar dediversos campos do conhecimento, observou-se que vários fatores fazem parte das atividades de um coletivo que se ocupa da prevenção, como: a interação entre os membros do grupo, a circulação e o diálogo entre os saberes dos diferentes atores, uma relação de forças entre as pessoas ou os grupos que constituem esta equipe, etc. Investigou-se a circulação de saberes entre o diferentes atores do Comité de higiene, segurança e condições de trabalho (CHSCT)do Centro NF-B e sua contribuição na prevenção de riscos. Este CHCT é composto de atores que representam disciplinas e profissões diferentes e de vários níveis hierárquicos. Para que este estudo refletisse a realidade do trabalho do CHSCT, levou-se em conta os saberes contituídos (formais) e também os saberes da experiência dos atores. Apoiando-se naabordagem ergológica, que considera estas duas formas de saberes, levou-se em conta o ponto de vista daqueles que participam do CHSCT. A análise de dados foi centarada na evolução do diálogo sobre certos temas, ao longo do tempo. Constatou-se que os atores encontram várias dificuldades que interferem nos diálogos que se estabelecem no cumprimento de suas missões. Assim, viu-se que a circulação e o dialogo entre os saberes dos diferentes atores favorecem a prevenção de riscos e que, esta é também favorecida, pela a maneira como os atores superam esses obstáculos colocando, finalmente, seus saberes em circulação entre os diversos atores do CHSCT, para que, assim, haja um dialogo sobre esses saberes
Lapostolle, Dany. "L'ingénierie territoriale vue des pays : une bureaucratie professionnelle territoriale en gestation." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20016/document.
Full textThe study of territorial engineering in two “Pays” (rural areas) of the Rhône-Alpes Region – the “Beaujolais” and the “Roannais”, linked to a number of other measures (urban area contracts, territory/employment/training contracts, Leader) reveals a strong trend towards re-centralising the public management of territories.Territorial engineering is a professional bureaucracy caught between authoritarian dictates from the State and local authority desires for autonomy. On one hand, Europe and central State services convey representations and good practices as strict as the impersonal rules of Weber’s model of bureaucracy. On the other hand, local authorities, faced with the insufficiencies of decentralised State services construct their own composite territorial engineering to acquire the expertise necessary for their development strategies. Paradoxically, it is in the context of constitutive policies that local authorities, in acquiring a system of expertise – guarantee of autonomy, create the conditions of their own control and their submission to an agency system which asserts itself as the new way of regulating public action to the detriment of contractual negotiation.In other words, the instruments of public action and the expertise mobilized by territorial engineering in project planning participate in a technology of governance which, rather than bringing bureaucratic rationality to an end, transform it
Bacon, Céline. "Explicitation de l'interrelation identité professionnelle-éthique professionnelle à partir de savoirs théoriques et de savoirs pratiques." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/927.
Full textLe, Bellu Sophie. "Capitalisation des savoir-faire et des gestes professionnels dans le milieu industriel : mise en place d’une aide numérique au compagnonnage métier dans le secteur de l’énergie." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21825/document.
Full textIn large industrial companies, the transmission of the embodied in professional practices traditionally takes place as part of a series of training courses given by former operators and of journeyman practices implemented directly on site. This situation will undoubtedly change, because nowadays many companies are facing the problem of a massive departure of operators into retirement. This requires, on the one hand, the preservation of the appropriate professional gestures for the maintenance of aging technical plant, and on the other hand an adaptation of the professional gestures to technological evolution. In the energy sector, Electricité de France (EDF) is also confronted with this issue of the evolution of these journeyman practices. For the company, the situation is rendered more complex as a result of highly variable practices due to the presence of almost one hundred power generation plants with a wide geographic distribution, and with diversified generation methods involving different cultural practices (nuclear, thermal, hydraulic).The present research addresses two objectives:(1) On the theoretical level, we sought to understand, based on field data, the nature of the explicit and implicit transmission and formalization of knowledge underlying the performance of professional gestures. This takes place: - on the one hand, by means of the confrontation of the existing approaches in the different schools, at international level, with the empirical reality; - and, on the other hand, by means of the identification of the gap in the literature as concerns the treatment and modelling of tacit knowledge and embodied know-how as compared to the practical requirements of transmission.(2) On the practical level, we sought to develop an approach to situational learning of embodied know-how by exploring the recourse to digital ethnography tools. This aims:- on the one hand, to perpetuate the knowledge linked to the gestures;- and, on the other hand, to devise a method for the creation of structured, video-based educational supports. This practical phase has afforded the opportunity to test our models on real life cases. The combination of technical, theoretical and methodological tools we applied has led to the design of several products.We designed, and tested on the field, a method for the capture and analysis of professional gestures. This method is based on dual video recordings: an external camera and a subjective camera mounted on the safety helmet of the operator performing the gesture. This recording is coupled to a specific protocol of oral expression whilst performing the gesture.We also modelled, tested and formalised a teaching resource in an educational setting: the Multimedia platform for APprenticeship (MAP). It is based on a decomposition and structuring of the gesture illustrated primarily by annotated video but also by means of functional schematics images, photos, etc. This decomposition results from the analysis of the gesture carried out upstream and based on Russian Activity Theory and Perceived Quality.These two products provide an operational chain intended for the trainers of EDF’s Training Division, for the capture and transmission of the tacit and explicit knowledge involved in professional gestures. The incorporation of the MAP into EDF’s educational system, in real life training sessions, has been very positively evaluated and received by both trainers and trainees. In May 2011 it was decided to launch the industrialization phase of the method and the MAP throughout the company
Le, Bellu Sophie. "Capitalisation des savoir-faire et des gestes professionnels dans le milieu industriel : mise en place d'une aide numérique au compagnonnage métier dans le secteur de l'énergie." Phd thesis, Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00630386.
Full textCrouzillas, Gaëtan. "Savoirs et rapport au savoir des enseignants d’éducation physique et sportive : données cliniques sur la construction d’une identité professionnelle." Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0190_CROUZILLAS.pdf.
Full textWhat do teachers impart to pupils in P. E. ? The answer to this question is not an easy one if we take into account the fact that teaching does not merely consist in enforcing the official instructions issued by the French bulletin on the subject. Pragmatic experience of imparting knowledge and teachers’ contact with their pupils put to the test the illusion which consists in believing that a knowledge-based job is the ultimate solution for our institution. Beyond knowledge, the individual’s relation to knowledge, which we define together with J. Beillerot (1989) as the “process by which a subject, on the basis of acquired learning, produces new singular knowledge that enables them to think, transform and feel the natural and social world”, gives us food for thought as regards the fundamental link between the subject with the Other and with their desire. This process partly influences the teachers’ construction of their teaching methods towards a freedom they take upon themselves. The clinical point of view shows that the research worker’s position is not external to the knowledge they work on. Thus, their involvement in research, which puts forward the existence and effects produced by the subconscious, is a condition to an epistemological adventure. Lacan’s teaching reveals in particular that knowledge is full of gaps, that there is ‘non-knowledge’. Studying teachers’ relation to knowledge thanks to interviews shows how this dialectic between knowledge and non-knowledge works for each teacher and how they use their imagination to build up solutions, sometimes between crisis periods and traumatic experiences, and find ways to rearrange their psychic space to overcome this feeling of unease
Crouzillas, Gaëtan Labridy Françoise. "Savoirs et rapport au savoir des enseignants d'éducation physique et sportive données cliniques sur la construction d'une identité professionnelle /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2006_0190_CROUZILLAS.pdf.
Full textAhmad, Abir. "Le lycée professionnel et son public : des élèves partagés entre formation professionnelle et formation scolaire." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE2054/document.
Full textVocational schools have been created with the purpose of establishing a balance between academic education and job-specific training, in order to reinforce the workforce. Thus, this institution has experienced several changes following the economic and social developments. Vocational schools impart two kinds of education: theoretical and professional training. This combination distinguishes the vocational education from other secondary education. Between these two kinds of training, vocational school students spend their scholar experience. This experience is a set of different factors: social background, grade level, group of classmates, school specialty, etc.The present work focuses on exploring the student scholar experience. It is conducted on students of the third grade, in three schools which are different by specialty.In order to get a better understanding of this experience, we study three points: The characteristics of students attending vocational schools, the orientation towards vocational school, and the choice of a job-specific training and how students explain their choice. The third point is specifically completed by the reports of students themselves. These three points were studied on a sample composed of students and teachers of three vocational schools located in the Alpes Maritimes region. Information was gathered through a questionnaire distributed to students, and interviews with teachers
GARIGLIO, JOSE ANGELO. "LA CULTURE ENSIGNANTE DE PROFESSEURS D` EDUCATION PHYSIQUE D` UN LYCÉE PROFESSIONNEL: SAVOIRS ET PRATIQUES PROFESSIONNELLES EN CONTEXTE D` ACTIONS SITUÉES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5696@1.
Full textCette thèse s` inscrit dans le cadre d` études qui s` intéressent au processus d` édification et de constitution des savoirs enseignants. Il s` agit plus spécifiquement d` une investigation sur les savoirs de base professionnelle de trois enseignants d` Education Physique d` un lycée professionnel du Reseau Fédéral d` Enseignement . Le travail veut analyser quelle est le rapport existant entre les savoirs professionnels nécessaires à l` enseignement el la composante curriculaire enseignée. La recherche veut comprendre, par l` intermédiaire d` entrevues avec des enseignants d` Education Physique, des directeurs, des spécialistes et des élèves, d` observation du quotidien du travail des enseignants et d` analyses de documents produits par l` école et par les professeurs, comment les enseignants d` Èducation Physique conçoivent leurs savoirs enseignants selon des aspects sui generis qui concernent l` enseignement de cette composante curriculaire dans l` espace scolaire. En prenant comme point de départ que l` obectif de l` enseignement de l` Éducation Physique , c` est-à-dire, ses contenus d´ enseignement, sont différents de ceux des plusieurs disciplines scolaires, que les rôles attribués à cette discipline dans le cursus scolaire sont différents, que les conditions ambientales ou l` enseignement s` effectue (la salle de classe de l` Education Physique) impliquent un ensemble de particularités, on se demande quelle serait sa place, son poids et le sens de la dite composante curriculaire dans le processus de construction des savoirs pédagogiques de ses enseignants. On part du pressuposé que les savoirs des enseignants sont situés, construits en fonction de situations particulières et singulières de travail et que c`est dans cette relation spécifique de travail que ces savoirs prennent du sens et de la validité . On se centre basiquement sur quatre ordres de questions concernant les apprentissages du travail enseignant, c` est-à-dire, la trajectoire pré-professionnelle, la formation initiale, la totalité de l ´ expérience professionnelle à l` école et l` enseignement de la discipline scolaire . On montre que les enseignants d` Éducation Physique apprennent depuis três tôt que le travail enseignant en Education Physique est différent de l` action professionnelle dans les autres disciplines, parce qu` il exigerait la connaissance de certains savoirs professionnels capables d`agir plus directement dans le processus de formation générale des élèves, que vraiment dans l` instruction des connaissances disciplinaires. Enfin, l` étude indique que les études sur les savoirs enseignants doivent avancer pour faire face à l` idée de l` existence d` une culture enseignante, commune à l` ensemble des professeurs . On se place à côte d` études qui indiquent l` existence de cultures professionnelles structurées par diverses conditions de travail,comme, par exemple, des ordres scolaires, des secteurs d` enseignement, des champs d` enseignement et des établissements d` enseignement. Les savoirs enseignants sont, donc, marqués par cette diversité, parce qu` ils portent en eux les conditions de travail vraiment efféctuées par les divers sous-groupes de professeurs et par leurs missions éducatives spécifiques.
Esta tese inscreve-se no âmbito de estudos que se interessam pelo processo de edificação e constituição dos saberes docentes. Mais especificamente trata-se de uma investigação sobre os saberes da base profissional de três professores de Educação Física de uma escola de educação profissional da Rede Federal de Ensino. Procura analisar qual a relação existente entre os saberes profissionais necessários ao ensino e o componente curricular ensinado. A pesquisa busca compreender, por meio de entrevistas com professores de EF, diretores, especialistas e alunos, de observação do cotidiano de trabalho dos professores e de análises de documentos produzidos pela escola e pelos professores, como os professores de EF concebem seus saberes docentes em função de aspectos sui generis que envolvem o ensino desse componente curricular dentro do espaço escolar. Tomando como ponto de partida que o objeto de ensino da EF, ou seja, seus conteúdos de ensino são diferentes das demais disciplinas escolares, que os papéis atribuídos a essa disciplina no currículo escolar são diferenciados, que as condições ambientais onde o ensino se materializa (a sala de aula da EF) encerra um conjunto de particularidades, questiona-se qual seria o lugar, o peso e o significado do referido componente curricular no processo de construção dos saberes pedagógicos de seus professores. Parte do pressuposto que os saberes dos professores são situados, construídos em função das situações particulares e singulares de trabalho e que é nessa relação específica de trabalho que esses saberes ganham sentido e validade. Centra-se basicamente em quatro ordens de questões relativas às aprendizagens do trabalho docente, ou seja, a trajetória préprofissional, a formação inicial, a totalidade da experiência profissional na escola e o ensino da disciplina escolar. Mostra que os professores de EF aprendem desde muito cedo que o trabalho docente em EF se diferencia da ação profissional nas demais disciplinas escolares, porque exigiria o domínio de determinados saberes profissionais capazes de interferir mais diretamente no processo de formação geral dos alunos do que propriamente na instrução dos conhecimentos disciplinares. Por fim, aponta que os estudos sobre os saberes docentes devem avançar para se contrapor à idéia da existência de uma cultura docente, comum ao conjunto dos professores. Coloca- se ao lado de estudos que apontam para a existência de culturas profissionais estruturadas por diversas condições de trabalho, como, por exemplo, ordens escolares, setores de ensino, campos de ensino e estabelecimentos de ensino. Os saberes docentes são, portanto, marcados por essa diversidade, porque trazem consigo as condições de trabalho realmente efetuadas pelos diferentes subgrupos de professores e pelas suas missões educativas específicas.
Mazereau, Philippe. "Pour une sociologie historique des professionnalités éducatives: entre pédagogie et médecine." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Caen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01058766.
Full textDeret, Lydia. "Les savoir-agir langagiers professionnels des enseignants débutants." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC027/document.
Full textThis work takes place within a line of research regarding teachers’ professionalism. We are looking particularly at the language activity of beginners. The central hypothesis is that it is possible to identify, within teachers’ conversations as they interact with pupils, clues regarding their professional development. The theoretical framework links the contributions made by professional didactics with those of language pragmatic and interactional linguistic theory. Set within a didactical context, we consider language as the first strategical tool to teach and we are placed within an approach orchestrated by teacher activity. We lead an ergonomic investigation alongside three newly qualified teachers, from videos shot during mathematics lessons and from self- confrontation interviews. Language interactions between teachers and their students have been analysed qualitatively and quantitatively, in relation with the identification of pedago-didactic functions. Results highlight professional language know-hows, revealing of the professionalism and the professional development of each of the teachers investigated
Leclaire-Olivier, Francine. "Systèmes d'apprentissage, systèmes d'évaluation : compétences, savoirs et lien théorie/pratique. Le cas de la "résolution de problèmes" dans la formation scolaire d'assistants de direction." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10006.
Full textTerral, Hervé. "Sociologie des savoirs et des competences : la construction de la professionnalite enseignante et les savoirs de reference." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20011.
Full textBuilding teachers' professionalism is often presented as a new entreprise at the end of the 20th century, with the creation of the iufm (teachers' university training colleges). The "master" - an archaic term- is endowed with new "skilles" - a modern term. Yet several rationales for justification are used : civic, industrial and domestic rationales, each referring to the past of such-and-such educational area or to privileged moments in the history of education (from pre-revolutionary times until after 1945). In the restructuring of teaching cultures presently under process, one norm tends to prevail : that of a "modern secondary system" largely based on subjects and their didactics
Joffray-Carré, Carole. "Genèse du savoir-agir professionnel : le cas des professeurs d'école débutants." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN1646.
Full text« How do novice primary school teachers succeed in developing, orientating and putting into practice their teaching using multiple resources such as operational and predicative knowledge, personal conceptions, institutional demands, work environment, identity dynamics, personal and professional experience? » Such is the object of the research presented in this thesis. We have apprehended this object from a theoretical framework inscribed in the fields of social and cultural psychology, professional didactics and from language pragmatics. We have observed the professional development of nine newly trained primary school teachers during two consecutive years starting from a self confrontation plan of action of the novice teachers with their school practice. A diachronic analysis of the development of each participant and a comparative study of the development of all the participants have enabled us to identify the existence of constructive articulations between seventy-two different « know-how » and ten « organizing concepts » integrated into the teaching practice of beginners. A model of potential development has also been outlined
Henry, Odile. "Un savoir en pratique : les professionnels de l'expertise et du conseil." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0088.
Full textThis study gives an analysis of the correspondances between the professions of "consultants" - here defined both through the conditions of their work and their social positions - and the totality of the caracteristics of these who enter into these professions. From a variety of indicators like their school career, their social and family background, we have been able to construct some "ideal types" to describe and explain the various ways to enter into the profession and how the profession is being perceived from various stend points. Like other news or remode professions the profession "consultants" is being invaded by both those coming from power middle class who have suceed in gathering an important and almost incredible school capital and by those from the old "bourgeoisie" who have not succeeded completely to convert their inherited social and economic capital into school capital. There is also a third group - with social caracteristics that differ from the others - that seems to head for the consultant business : students ho have made a heavy investment in a school career in an institution whose symbolic value is declining or threatened. Common to all three groups, here studied, semm to be a feeling of incertainly or ambiguity concerning their individual school orientation and the value of their school investment. The disappointment with the out come of the school career that we find in these groups may also be a result of the intensified competition that has taken place in the educational field during the second half of the century. Since the profession of consultant is not very well defined and strickly regulated it seems to give those who hold it a "flowing value" that obscures the social and school trajectories so far accomplished
Roy, Suzanne. "Expliciter le savoir issu de la pratique porfessionnelle en Centre local de services communautaires (CLSC)(French text)." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2000.
Find full textGuigon, Sylvie. "Le métier de fromager : reconnaissance, monopolisation et dépossession d'un savoir professionnel." Besançon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BESA1004.
Full textIn this study of cheese makers, who are paid by dairy cooperatives in Franche-Comté (a region in the east of France), we are trying to understand why the perenniality of the group is today brought in question in this occupation which was until now marked by the endo-reproduction. We suppose there is a relationship between the no-renewal of the occupation and the evolution of the knowledges constituting the professional identity of cheese makers. To take an interest in professional identity of cheese makers leads up to analysing the relationships between the cheese makers ant the other groups with which they are working. Because the cheese makers are paid by farmers and milk producers, our analysis mainly concerns these two professional groups and their working space (the dairy cooperative). When studying the relationships between the two groups, we distinguished three periods : - the producers don't recognize the knowledges of cheese makers ; - when the recognition is accepted, the cheese makers monopolize and even appropriate the knowledges ; - the cheese makers are dispossessed of their knowledges ; in this period, we notice that they don't hand down their occupation
Jellab, Aziz. "Scolarité, rapport au(x) savoir(s) et à la socialisation professionnelle chez les élèves de CAP et de BEP." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081727.
Full textEuriat, Nicolas. "Transformation de l'enseignement professionnel et rapport au savoir des enseignants : enjeux autour des projets pluridisciplinaires à Caractère Professionnel." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN21024/document.
Full textThis thesis is an attempt to shed light on the stakes revealed by the introduction of a specific innovative teaching method, which has played a key role in the evolution of the teaching practices in French technical schools (vocational education in secondary schools). Since the 2000 school year, within the framework of the reform specific to the Integrated Vocational Educational programme, multi-disciplinary projects based upon professional objectives have been introduced as a nationwide practice in vocational education. It seems to be obvious that this research work goes beyond the simple study of these projects and deal with further questioning. Thus, the objective of the present work is to mobilise an approach in terms of knowledge-based relation within the study of the transformations specific to educational system by considering a particular public, that of teachers. More precisely this thesis will examine to which extent the teachers’ knowledge-based relation is a crucial element into the implementation of a particular reform aimed at transforming educational programmes in technical schools. The theoretical and disciplinary framework of this thesis is mainly based on that of the Sociology of Education, but it will naturally use some elements from that of the Sociology as well as that of the Sciences of Education
Euriat, Nicolas Rose José. "Transformation de l'enseignement professionnel et rapport au savoir des enseignants enjeux autour des projets pluridisciplinaires à Caractère Professionnel /." S. l. : Nancy 2, 2007. http://cyberdoc.univ-nancy2.fr/htdocs/docs_ouvert/doc313/2007NAN21024.pdf.
Full textHan, Jihae. "Mémoire professionnel : outil de pensée, de construction du savoir et de communication." Lille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL3A003.
Full textLorillot, Veronique. "L'enseignement des Sciences Physiques en série Arts Appliqués. Etude curriculaire et analyse de rapports aux savoirs d'enseignants d'Arts Appliqués et de Sciences Physiques. Contribution à l'étude de la construction des identités professionnelles." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00359141.
Full textAppliqués qui conduit aux métiers du Design ? Á travers l'exemple du baccalauréat Sciences et Technologies industrielles spécialité Arts Appliqués, la thèse interroge les rapports aux savoirs scientifiques transmis par l'école. Par ailleurs, notre questionnement sur les enseignants nous conduits à poser la question de leurs identités professionnelles et de leur aspect contextuel. Ainsi, la recherche
propose une approche de ces identités à partir des rapports aux savoirs scolaires des enseignants, ici les savoirs scientifiques. L'étude curriculaire montre comment les savoirs scientifiques et les rapports
aux savoirs scientifiques transmis restent disciplinaires dans une formation qui pourtant est transversale. Elle conduit à s'interroger sur la place occupée par une discipline dans un cursus scolaire qui fait varier les rapports que les enseignants comme les élèves peuvent établir avec elle. Par ailleurs,
les identités professionnelles interviennent dans la pratique quotidienne de l'enseignant, lui-même porteur de ses propres références et agissent dans le sens qu'il donne à son enseignement.
L'enseignement prend ainsi son sens dans un contexte précis, se pose alors la question du rapport aux savoirs des enseignants et de celui véhiculé par les programmes. La dimension identitaire du rapport
aux savoirs permet de comprendre les différences entre les identités professionnelles des enseignants leur donnant ainsi un aspect moins disciplinaire. Nous interrogeons cette question à travers deux
corpus d'enseignants, des enseignants de Sciences Physiques et des enseignants d'Arts Appliqués.
Rigot, Sylvie Dibon. "L'universitarisation de la formation infirmière : nouveaux savoirs, nouveaux profils d'étudiants et infirmiers." Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080043/document.
Full textThe introduction of the university curriculum framework into nursing training has led to a change in the recruitment of students, their training courses and the type of professionals it trains. The majority of successful students come from general high school pathways and a smaller number are retraining. Other students, mostly from technology pathways, have difficulties being accepted onto, following, or finally graduating from the training course. This research has aimed to identify the causes of these differences, and focused on the students’ approach to knowledge. A corpus of data was compiled: written student assessments (integration unit, final year research paper), interviews with students, “newly qualified” nurses and "recruiters". Comparing the analyses of corpus confirms the increase, due to university, in educational inequalities which are identified in secondary school owing to the course content leading up to the different baccalaureates. The existence of this differentiated within the current training programme is largely due to the confrontation between different institution’s teaching practices and the differences in “approach towards” (knowledge, language, writing, but also the profession) that is taken by the students as well as differences linked to their type of social interaction, in or out of school. In this way, the university training syllabus has partially achieved the desired effect through the acquisition of new knowledge and a different way of thinking about the profession. The attitude towards writing remains a major difficulty for some students. It is shown that this situation is not irreversible. Better training of the training staff, as well as clarification of their task, would make it possible to take into consideration the difficulties experienced by some students during their training. However, this measure alone would seem insufficient. Indeed, it is also essential to evoke the evolution of the skills expected by the profession, and subsequently the requirement to train only one kind of health carer profile
Gasparyan, Armen. "Le savoir en pratique dans une organisation hybride : le cas d’un syndicat professionnel." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100039.
Full textIn our research, we focus on the dynamics of knowing in the context of a hybrid organization. We base our research on the knowing in practice approach (Gherardi, 2000, 2006; Nicolini et al., 2003) and the literature of hybrid organizations (Battilana and Dorado, 2010; Pache and Santos, 2010; Battilana and Lee, 2014). Thus, through the case study of a professional association (Fnaim), we study how the hybrid context of Fnaim, represented by a market logic and a professional logic, influences the knowing of workers. We base our research on the legal department of this association where the hybridity is strongest. We collected our data through 12 in-depth semi-structured interviews (including 7 lawyers, which is half of the legal service) combined with observations of lawyers in the workplace and archival documents. Our results show that the hybrid context is expressed in the work of lawyers by three aspects: 1) by the way they prioritize the various demands, 2) by the materials used in their work, and 3) by the development of their specific repertoire
Lucas-Boursier, Jérémy. "Écrire le design d’expérience utilisateur : enquête sur la textualisation d’un savoir professionnel numérique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL118.
Full textOur thesis investigates the formalization of knowledge on digital design, in a context of professionalization of the communications and marketing professions. The investigation is based on the exploration of two sets of data. The first is a collection of articles published on the Medium online platform by professionals, on the theme of user experience design. The second is a corpus of interviews conducted with some of these authors. We explore the professional and digital mediation of design, from three points of view. The first moment sees writing practices caught up in a double movement of authorization and negotiation: with the platform that frames the formalization and circulation of the text as a document; with the organization, a complex and conflictual field from which speakers situate and institute themselves. In the second part, we analyze the forces behind the semio-discursive shaping of a reproducible knowledge on digital design and interface, through specific documents. Finally, we propose to observe a process of qualification of digital objects. Writing digital design is an epistemic project. The questioning of uses, the problematization of the commercial aspects and the will to set specific norms of production, contribute to the qualification of digital objects. This is a semiotic issue: our field of investigation is a place where a multitude of digital signs abound, and their optimal arrangement is discussed and debated. It is also an anthropological issue. Our study allows us to observe the metamorphosis of the question of value, from a commercial point of view to an ethical perspective. The insertion of the interface into specific contexts of use, and questions and concerns about its "effects" make it, through the text, a social object