Journal articles: 'Sawmills. Wood waste. Wood chips'

1

Mirski, Radosław, Adam Derkowski, Dorota Dziurka, Marek Wieruszewski, and Dorota Dukarska. "Effects of Chip Type on the Properties of Chip–Sawdust Boards Glued with Polymeric Diphenyl Methane Diisocyanate." Materials 13, no. 6 (March 14, 2020): 1329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061329.

Full text

Abstract:

This study investigates the effects of chip type and sawdust percentage on physical and mechanical properties of chip–sawdust boards. The used wood chips varied in linear dimensions and original source. The origin determined the wood quality, which translated into the chips’ linear dimensions. The used materials were chips from sawmill waste processing, aggregate processing of sawmill wood, and chips intended for medium-density boards. The experiment demonstrated that the best boards in terms of mechanical properties were obtained from 4-mm-thick chips with 30% sawdust content and a density of 850 kg/m3. These boards meet the requirements of the EN 312 (2010) standard for P5 boards.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Rejdak, Michał, Agata Czardybon, Karina Ignasiak, and Jolanta Robak. "Utilization of waste forest biomass: pelletization studies of torrefied sawmill wood chips." E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000068.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper presents the effects pelletization process of torrefied waste forest biomass – sawmill wastes. The sawmill waste are generated in significant quantities and has significant energy potential. The use of torrefaction and pelletization process enables to produce mechanically durable fuel pellets. Aim of the studies was to evaluate the effect of different kind of additives (binders) to torrefied waste forest biomass on pelletization process characteristic (production capacity, energy consumption) and properties of produced pellets (i.e. density, mechanical durability). The most effective binder among the tested was modified wheat starch. Pellets made with this addition were characterized by the highest mechanical strength.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Shaikh, Sohel. "Design and Improvement of Existing Briquette Making Machine." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 20, 2021): 1391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35060.

Full text

Abstract:

There has been a recent push to replace the burning of fossil fuels with biofuel. The replacement of this non-renewable energy resources with biological waste lowers the overall pollution of the world. The waste biomass similar to dry leaves, sawdust, rice husk, coffee husk etc. are gathered and compressed into the briquettes, these briquettes can also transport and used as fuel to generate heat and energy. It is a time to take initiative to turn Biomass into a source of energy. Hence here we are taking responsibility in converting agricultural and forestry wastes into useful biomass briquettes, which can also be used as a substitute for Coal and other non-renewable resources. Biomass briquettes are a biofuel substitute or replacement to a coal and charcoal. Biomass briquettes can be manufactured by using agricultural and forestry waste. The low-density biomass Is converted into high density biomass briquettes with the help of a briquetting machine that Uses binder or without binder i.e., binder less technique, as there is no any type of chemical is used so it is 100% natural. The mostly used raw material for biomass briquettes, Mustard Stalks, Sawdust, Groundnut Shell, Coffee Husk, Coir Pitch, Jute Sticks, Sugarcane Bagasse, Rice Husk, Cotton Stalks, Caster Seed Shells / Stalk, Wood Chips, Paddy straw, Tobacco Waste, Tea Waste, maize stalks, bajra Cobs, Arhar stalks, Bamboo Dust, Wheat Straw, Sunflower Stalk, Palm Husk, Soya bean Husk, Veneer Residues, Barks & Straws, Leaf’s, Pine Niddle, Seeds Cases etc. are used. Biomass Briquette are largely used for any type of thermal application, like steam generation in Boilers, in furnace & foundries (It can be used for metal heating & melting where melting point Is less than 1000d/cel.), for heating purpose (Residential & Commercial Heating in winter, Heating in Cold areas and Hotels, Canteens, Cafeterias and house hold kitchen appliances, restaurants etc.), There are several machines available in market but those machines are bulky and are costly, hence here we have developed a portable, low-cost briquetting machine, which makes use of simple mechanism to convert the biological waste into useful briquettes. Any waste or any proportion of Agri waste can be used but with proper binding agent. Some raw materials doesn’t require any binding material high pressure compression is used. The paper presents the results of a project focused on the development of briquettes from the sawdust (Waste Wood) resulting from the primary waste from timber companies. This sawdust currently lacks a useful purpose, and its indiscriminate burning generates CO and CO2 emissions which are harmful to nature. Sawmill Agri waste is a huge problem specially in urban cities. These wastes are burnt openly which is causing environmental pollution and also becomes reason for human health care.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Ilyushenko, D. A., V. A. Markov, V. A. Sokolova, and V. A. Kalyashov. "Improving the use of wood waste." E3S Web of Conferences 193 (2020): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019302008.

Full text

Abstract:

On the territory of our country, including St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, there are a large number of enterprises engaged in the processing of wood for various purposes, among which, to a large extent, there are enterprises involved in the primary processing of wood in sawmills. The resulting wood waste from bark and sawdust, in most enterprises, lead to rotting processes. The issue of the utilization of these wastes in practice can increase the production culture, increase the amount of recyclable waste from a timber processing enterprise and, thus, increase its efficiency. The article describes a mathematical model for the dynamic compaction of ground wood bark with the aim of producing fuel briquettes of their debarking waste.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Yang, P., and B. M. Jenkins. "Wood residues from sawmills in California." Biomass and Bioenergy 32, no. 2 (February 2008): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2007.09.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Kurata, Yasundo, Yoichi Watanabe, Yusaku Ono, and Kiyoshi Kawamura. "Concentrations of organic wood preservatives in wood chips produced from wood wastes." Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 7, no. 1 (March 5, 2005): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10163-004-0124-z.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Owoyemi, Jacob Mayowa, Habeeb Olawale Zakariya, and Isa Olalekan Elegbede. "Sustainable wood waste management in Nigeria." Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/environ-2016-0012.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Wood industries produce large volumes of residues which must be utilized, marketed or properly disposed of. Heaps of wood residues are common features in wood industries throughout the year. In Nigeria, this residue is generally regarded as waste and this has led to open burning practices, dumping in water bodies or dumping in an open area which constitutes environmental pollution. Sawmills in Nigeria generated over 1,000,000 m3 of wood waste in 2010 while about 5000 m3 of waste was generated in plywood mills. Nigeria generates about 1.8 million tons of sawdust annually and 5.2 million tons of wood wastes. The impact of improper disposal of waste wood on the environment affects both the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Also burning of waste wood releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere causing various health issues. Reuse/recycling of these wood residues in Nigeria will reduce the pressure on our ever decreasing forests, reduce environmental pollution, create wealth and employment. The literature available on this subject was reviewed and this article, therefore, focuses on the various methods of wood waste disposal and its utilization in Nigerian wood industries, the effects of wood waste on the environment as well as on human health and the benefits of proper wood waste management practices.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Simal Alves, Luciane, Sérgio Augusto Mello da Silva, Maximiliano dos Anjos Azambuja, Luciano Donizeti Varanda, Andre Luis Christofóro, and Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr. "Particleboard Produced with Sawmill Waste of Different Wood Species." Advanced Materials Research 884-885 (January 2014): 689–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.884-885.689.

Full text

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate physical performance of particleboards produced with waste from sawmills, containing different wood species, and two adhesives: urea-formaldehyde (UF) based resin and castor-oil (PU) based bi-component polyurethane resin. Panels were produced with nominal density 0.8gcm-3; pressing temperature 110°C; pressing time 10 min; specific pressure 5 MPa. Water absorption (2 and 24h); thickness swelling (2 and 24h); density; and moisture content were investigated. Results confirmed that the produced panels presented compatible physical properties in comparison with other researches referred in literature, proving the feasibility of inputs employed. Panels produced PU showed better performance than those produced with UF.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Brožek, M., A. Nováková, and M. Kolářová. "Quality evaluation of briquettes made from wood waste." Research in Agricultural Engineering 58, No. 1 (March 15, 2012): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/33/2011-rae.

Full text

Abstract:

At logging and at the subsequent wood and wood semi-products treatment the fine grained loose waste arises, e.g. wood dust, saw dust, shavings, chips, bark etc. One of possibilities of its meaningful utilization is the briquetting technology, products of which are briquettes determined for energetic utilization (combustion). In the paper the experimental results are published. The briquettes quality evaluation was their aim. For the briquetting tests bark (pine), shavings (about 90% spruce + 10% pine), sawdust (spruce), birch chips and poplar chips were used. The basic physical-mechanical properties were the evaluation criteria. Following properties were determined: gross calorific value, total moisture content, density, rupture force, length, diameter, density and mechanical durability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Choi, Jae-Jin, and Kwan-Ho Lee. "Performance of Sidewalk Pavement Containing Waste-Wood Chips." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 42, no. 1 (October 15, 2013): 20120253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte20120253.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

FIGUEIRA, CLAUDECILIA CHAVES DE OLIVEIRA, MARCELINO CARNEIRO GUEDES, and ANA MARGARIDA CASTRO EULER. "HARVESTING AND PROCESSING OF NATIVE WOOD FROM UPLAND TROPICAL FORESTS IN AMAPÁ, EASTERN AMAZONIA." FLORESTA 50, no. 4 (September 29, 2020): 1827. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v50i4.66018.

Full text

Abstract:

Knowledge about the activity of the timber sector and local industries assists in the management of a forest economy based on sustainable use in the Amazon. In this study, the situation of the timber sector of the municipality of Porto Grande-AP was examined to detail the extraction and processing of native wood from the Amazon and the sustainable use of this resource by the local sector. Forms were applied in all sawmills of the municipality, which collected information on factors of production and commercialization of native wood for the year 2017. In addition, interviews with local merchants were done and secondary data collection from several institutions related to the sector was conducted. All sawmills in the municipality exercise licensed activity and processed 69,300 m3 of wood in the period, with an average extraction of 21 m3/ha. The sawmills productive income was 55%, above of the 35%, maximum recently established by CONAMA. There is no destination for productive of residual waste generated by most sawmills and lumber is marketed mainly to the Northeast of Brazil for use in civil construction. Thus, in order to guarantee better economic and environmental performance of the sector, it is recommended that sawmills search for new forest areas as sources of raw material, participate in forest certification programs, and seek ways to use residual waste for bioenergy generation. The government recommends that new forests be managed through actions that solve land tenure problems and increase the supply of public forests, and for certified management units the recommendation is to reduce licensing costs, and simplify the bureaucratic processes of environmental agencies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Grigorev, Igor, Anatoly Shadrin, Anna Voronova, Nikolay Kostyukevich, Dmitry Levushkin, Vyacheslav Borisov, and Roman Diev. "IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF WOOD CHIPPING OPERATIONS." INMATEH Vol.61 61, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-61-24.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper presents a novel approach to the problem of utilizing wood chips as a valuable raw material. It shows how advances in machine vision can enable the conversion of wood chips from waste to a valuable resource. Empirical dependencies that are used to calculate the slip velocity of wood chips on the walls of the tank have been obtained. The problems of particle–fluid and particle–particle interactions within the flow are solved. Findings may be applied not only in countries with traditionally developed wood industries but also in many others.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Oh, Jeong-Ik, Jechan Lee, Kun-Yi Andrew Lin, Eilhann E. Kwon, and Yiu Fai Tsang. "Biogas production from food waste via anaerobic digestion with wood chips." Energy & Environment 29, no. 8 (June 11, 2018): 1365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x18777234.

Full text

Abstract:

In many countries, the uncontrolled generation of large amounts of food waste has resulted in severe environmental issues. Among various treatment methods that have been proposed, anaerobic digestion to produce biogas from food waste is a proven and environmentally friendly route for simultaneous food waste treatment and energy recovery. In this study, we suggest an effective methane fermentation of food waste by mixing wood chips with feedstock to minimize the sludge generation in the process. The food waste generated in an apartment complex in the Republic of Korea was used as biogas feedstock. The use of wood chips in the process increased the production of methane and hydrogen. At the food waste to wood chip ratio of 0.5, 20 ml g−1 of methane and 13.9 ml g−1 of hydrogen were produced for 15 days at 35°C. The results of this study suggest the successful application of wood chips to the anaerobic digestion of food waste for producing biogas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Vich, Daniele Vital, Hitomi Pires Miyamoto, Luciano Matos Queiroz, and Viviana Maria Zanta. "Household food-waste composting using a small-scale composter." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 12, no. 5 (August 23, 2017): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.1908.

Full text

Abstract:

Household food-waste composting is an attractive alternative for Brazilian waste management; however, there are few programs or studies regarding the implementation or management of this small-scale process. This study investigates the performance of food‑waste composting using a simple and small-scale domestic composter. Three composting trials were conducted using food waste and wood chips in 10 L plastic bins using different filling schemes. In the first trial, the composter was filled weekly over two months. In the second, the composter was filled once with a mixture of food waste and 100% of the used wood chips from the previous trial. In the last third trial, the composter was filled with food waste and wood chips (50% of wood chips used in the second trial and 50% of untreated wood chips). The physical chemical parameters of the compost were monitored and the total coliforms and E. coli were measured. In all trials, the temperature varied between 26.7°C and 46.2°C throughout the process. The reduction in wet mass was 58-69%, while the reduction in dry mass was 37-61%. The pH value, the contents of carbon and nitrogen and the C/N ratio were in accordance with the values recommended in norm 25 (July, 2009) adopted by Brazil's Agriculture Ministry. Only the compost from Trial 2, which had 1900 MPN g-1total solids, did not meet the E. coli standards; this was likely due to the fact that when the temperatures did not reach the thermophilic phase, the relatively long time the waste remains in the composter allows these pathogenic microorganisms to decay naturally.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Page-Dumroese, Deborah S., Monica R. Ott, Daniel G. Strawn, and Joanne M. Tirocke. "Using Organic Amendments to Restore Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of a Mine Site in Northeastern Oregon, USA." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 34, no. 1 (2018): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.12399.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. New cost-effective strategies are needed to reclaim soils disturbed from mining activity on National Forests. In addition, disposal of waste wood from local timber harvest operations or biosolids from waste water treatment plants can be expensive. Therefore, using organic byproducts for soil reclamation activities on National Forests may provide an opportunity to increase soil cover and productivity, and decrease restoration costs. To test the effectiveness of these amendments for reclamation, a field study was established using organic amendments applied to gold dredgings capped with 10 cm of loam and with little regenerating vegetation within the Umatilla National Forest in northeastern Oregon. Study plots had biochar (11 Mg/ha), biosolids (17 Mg/ha), or wood chips (22 Mg/ha) applied singly or in combination. Each plot was divided in half. One half of the plot was seeded with native grasses and forb and the other half was planted with a combination of California brome ( Hook & Am.) and Jepson’s blue wildrye ( Buckl.). After two growing seasons, there were no significant differences in plant cover between the planted or seeded plots. Biosolids, biosolid + biochar + wood chips, and biosolid + wood chips had greater grass and forb planted cover after two years; seeded plots on the biosolid + biochar + wood chips and biosolid + wood chip treatments had the greatest grass and forb cover. Soil properties were significantly altered by individual treatments; combination treatments improved nutrient availability and soil moisture, resulting in up to twice as much plant cover than in the control plots. Forest managers can produce biochar and wood chips from the abundant forest waste generated during harvest operations, and class “A” biosolids are available in Oregon from local municipalities. Using these three amendments in combination to restore disturbed mine soils can provide an affordable and effective strategy. Keywords: Biochar, Biosolids, Bromus carinatus, Elymus glaucus, Wood chips.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Pereira, Matheus F., Vicente P. Nicolau, and Edson Bazzo. "Exergoenvironmental analysis concerning the wood chips and wood pellets production chains." Biomass and Bioenergy 119 (December 2018): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.09.022.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Oguntoke, Olusegun, Olufemi K. Otusanya, and Harold J. Annegarn. "Emission of pollutants from wood waste incineration at sawmills in Abeokuta metropolis, Nigeria." International Journal of Environmental Studies 70, no. 6 (December 2013): 964–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207233.2013.845709.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Трещева, E. Treshcheva, Стородубцева, Tamara Storodubtseva, Головатенко, and Yu Golovatenko. "The wood as a biopolymer composite system." Modeling of systems and processes 7, no. 1 (August 8, 2014): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/4962.

Full text

Abstract:

This article describes the prospects for application of wood and agricultural waste in the production of various finishing and heat-insulating materials, as well as a composite material with a reinforcing filler – chips.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Pandey, Laxman Kumar, Amit Kumar, Surendra Pal Singh, and Dharm Dutt. "Xylanase pretreatment of mechanically destructured chips of Eucalyptus tereticornis and its effect on kraft pulping." BioResources 16, no. 3 (June 10, 2021): 5361–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.3.5361-5375.

Full text

Abstract:

Mechanical pulping of raw wood material is a highly energy intensive and pollution generating step in the papermaking process. This study focused on combined mechanical and xylanase treatment prior to the kraft pulping of E. tereticornis. A screened pulp yield of 49.1% (on oven-dry wood basis) with a Kappa number of 24.9 was obtained at the optimum cooking temperature of 160 °C without any pretreatment of the wood chips. After mechanical treatment (destructuring), a slightly higher screened pulp yield (49.4%) was obtained with a Kappa number of 24.2 at the cooking temperature of 145 °C with the same active alkali charge (15%). The optimum cooking temperature was further reduced to 140 °C for the destructured xylanase-treated wood chips. The xylanase treatment resulted in a 2% reduction in screened pulp yield due to hydrolysis of xylan. However, the Kappa number was reduced to 18.2 after xylanase pretreatment of the mechanically destructured wood chips. The combined pretreatment (destructured and xylanase treatment) of wood chips resulted in a reduction in cooking temperature by 20°C compared to untreated wood chips. Such a reduction in cooking temperature can effectively reduce steam consumption. The combined pretreatment improved the pulp brightness by 2.0 (ISO points) and physical strength properties, which included the tensile index, tear index, and burst index by 11.06%, 21.72%, and 21.79%, respectively, compared to the control.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Gryazkin, Anatoliy, Vladimir Beliaev, Natalia Beliaeva, Nikolay Kovalev, and Alexey Shakhov. "The logging waste as inexhaustible resource for alternative energy." Thermal Science 21, no. 2 (2017): 1135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci150306047g.

Full text

Abstract:

The article shows that during the production and consumption of fuel wood for bioenergy projects in the organization of the Northwest and other regions of Russia there is the problem of lack of raw materials. It is established that the waste timber, during cutting on average, about 20% of the stock of standing timber. This value varies according to region, type forest resources and the skills, and technical equipment performer. Therefore, the main purpose of the article is a system evaluation of the use of forest residues in Russia. The authors present data on volumes of raw materials for production of wood chips and pellets on example, the Northwest region of Russia. Only about 30% of wood chips are now received from wood waste, bulk wood chips, and pellets produced from the wood of stems. Small volume of use of bark, twigs, branches, tops, stumps, and roots is due imperfection of processing technologies. Another important issue addressed in the article ? the lack of standards and guides taxation inventory valuation and structure of the waste in many regions of Russia. This primarily relates to the hardwood. Research has shown that, depending on tree species, the structure and volume of waste are significantly different. Expert evaluation conducted by the authors shows that the proportion of forest residues from 5 to 20% of the stock of wood. It is found that in different forest types share twigs, branches, stumps, and roots vary considerably according to species of tree. But even within the forest reserves such as twigs, branches, and underground parts of the same species depend strongly on the age of stands and their completeness, and the differences may reach 2 to 5 times the size.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Asamoah, Obed, Suvi Kuittinen, Jones Abrefa Danquah, Ebo Tawiah Quartey, Dastan Bamwesigye, Charles Mario Boateng, and Ari Pappinen. "Assessing Wood Waste by Timber Industry as a Contributing Factor to Deforestation in Ghana." Forests 11, no. 9 (August 27, 2020): 939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11090939.

Full text

Abstract:

This study assesses the wood waste generation, its management practices, and its effects on the forests in Ghana. The rate of logging in Ghana has increased and this can be attributed to the increase in the establishment of Sawmilling companies in the country. Increased in the installation of sawmilling companies has increased the sawn timber production. The use of outmoded milling machines has led to an increase in waste generation. An increase in production has led to an increase in the annual allowable cut in the country, which has overrun the limit of sustainable forestry. A qualitative research method was employed for the research work. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to the study to solicit the views of the wood industries about wood waste generation and its management practices. The study population comprised of 50 sawmilling companies. From the data collected, it was observed that most of the timber production companies do not know how to manage the waste generated and the waste is left un-utilized. In general 80% of the timber production companies responded that they have an idea of wood waste management but do not have the technical know-how to manage the waste. It was observed that 80% of the timber production companies do not manage the waste they generate during their operations. Wood shavings, sawdust, wood slabs, offcuts, branches, and others are left un-utilized. From the observations made in the visited sawmills, chunks of waste are generated on the site. The fact that the wood which is un-utilized (waste) and the wood, which is utilized as sold products, are equal in cost to the company which highlights the poor material and cost-efficiency. Wood industry materials and cost efficiency, together with waste management practices and their contribution to deforestation in the country, are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Venner, Kirsty, Caroline Preston, and Cindy Prescott. "Characteristics of wood wastes in British Columbia and their potential suitability as soil amendments and seedling growth media." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 91, no. 1 (February 2011): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss09109.

Full text

Abstract:

Venner, K. H, Preston, C. M. and Prescott, C. E. 2011. Characteristics of wood wastes in British Columbia and their potential suitability as soil amendments and seedling growth media. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 95–106. In British Columbia, alternative uses for poor-quality wood-waste fines (approximately 50 mm or less) are being sought to replace traditional methods of disposal, including landfilling and burning without energy recovery. As a complement to associated field trials to assess the potential suitability of woody wastes as soil amendments, we determined chemical, physical and spectroscopic characteristics of a variety of wood wastes, co-composts and wood chips and carried out a plant (Betula papyrifera) bioassay. Chemical properties and 13C NMR spectra indicated similarity to other woody wastes, and suitability for site rehabilitation if applied under conditions to avoid excessive leachate. Seedlings grew poorly in the wood waste materials (final height <4 cm), except for co-composts prepared with municipal biosolids (final height 93 cm). Seedlings also grew poorly in wood chips unless fertilizer was added, indicating that nutrient deficiencies were the primary cause of the poor growth in wood chips. Even with nutrient addition, seedling growth was low in the finest wood chips (<10 mm), probably as a consequence of retention of excessive moisture. This problem could be overcome by applying larger particles or by incorporating the wood chips into soil rather than leaving them as a surface mulch. In conjunction with results from field trials, these results support the application of woody wastes for site rehabilitation, where in situ mixing with mineral soil should reduce bulk density and improve water-holding capacity, and fertilization can compensate for N immobilization by wastes with high C:N ratios.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Calva, Miguel Angel Guallpa, Sonia Carmita Rosero Haro, Galo Briam Montenegro Córdova, and Darío Javier Quinchuela Guamán. "Estimación De Los Residuos Forestales En Los Aserraderos De Tres Cantones, Zona 3 Interandina, Ecuador." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 30 (October 31, 2018): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n30p228.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper focuses on the current situation of the availability and use of forestry waste generated in sawmills of the Ecuadorian interandina zone 3. It specifically highlights information about different types of waste, its volume, sales price, and final location. Through the stratification of the sample, 38, 25 and 19 surveys were carried out with loggers from the cantons of Riobamba, Ambato, and Latacunga with a level of reliability of 95%. It was stated that the most common waste are sawdust, shavings, and wood scrap. The monthly production average is 2.92, 1.64, and 2.74 tons of waste in the first village. 31.6%, 40%, and 31.6% of sawmills in Riobamba, Ambato and Latacunga sells from 6.1-8, 4.1-6, and 8.1-10 dollars per ton respectively. There was highly significant differences in the sale prices (p<0, 0001) of the by product in the sawmills of the three villages. The evidence in Ambato is different and in contrast with sawmills in Riobamba and Latacunga which shows a similar behavior in selling forestry waste periodically in the stages of primary and secondary transformation. This, therefore, is in a bid to take advantage of the opportunities for the development of new enterprises.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

de Lima Felix, Adriele, Carolina Rezende Pinto Narciso, Fernanda Silveira Lima, Rafael Farinassi Mendes, Lourival Marin Mendes, and José Roberto Soares Scolforo. "Use of Waste Wood for Particleboard Production." Key Engineering Materials 668 (October 2015): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.668.375.

Full text

Abstract:

In parallel with the growing demand for lumber, there has been an increase in the amount of waste generated by this industry, such as chips, shavings, and sawdust as the main waste. Such wastes are disposed in unsuitable locations or burned for energy generation. The present study aimed to evaluate the use of sawdust for particleboard manufacturing. The particleboard were produced with Pinus oocarpa wood and 11% urea-formaldehyde adhesive, with a nominal density of 0.70 g/cm3 and a pressing cycle of 160°C temperature, specific pressure of 3.92 MPa, and a operation time of 8 min. The panels were evaluated for the properties such as apparent density, thickness swelling after 24-h immersion in water, Janka hardness, screw pullout (top and face), compression ratio, internal bond, according ASTM D1037 (2006) standard and modulus of elasticity (MOE), and modulus of rupture (MOR) to static bending acordingo DIN 52362 (1982) standard. The panels produced with sawdust of P. oocarpa wood met all the requirements stipulated by the marketing standard, demonstrating great potential for use in particleboard manufacturing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

HARTMANN, H., T. BOHM, P. DAUGBJERGJENSEN, M. TEMMERMAN, F. RABIER, and M. GOLSER. "Methods for size classification of wood chips." Biomass and Bioenergy 30, no. 11 (November 2006): 944–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2006.06.010.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Ruslinda, Yenni, Rizki Aziz, and Lutfina Lutfina. "Pengaruh Penambahan Serpihan Kayu terhadap Kualitas Kompos Sampah Organik Sejenis dalam Komposter Rumah Tangga." Jurnal Dampak 14, no. 1 (January 3, 2017): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/dampak.14.1.13-22.2017.

Full text

Abstract:

One way to improve compost quality of typical organic waste is by addition of additive such as wood chips. This study aims to analyze the impact of the wood chips addition (ratio 1:10) on compost quality of typical organic waste (fruits, vegetables, yard waste, and food waste) in home composter, and to compare the compost quality with the standard of domestic compost according SNI 19-7030-2004. Analysis was conducted on composts raw material, compost maturity process in every 5 days measurement, and on compost product. Analysis of compost product of typical organic waste with addition of wood chips showed that parameters of temperature, moisture content, and pH of vegetables and yard waste has complied the standard whilst parameter of C/N ratio has not complied. The addition of wood chips caused the drop of compost temperature and moisture content, resulted in the decomposition process located in aerobic condition, resulted in production of compost in form of humus in greater volume. The addition of wood chips also caused the compost pH and C/N ratio increased.Keywords: compost quality, home composter, typical organic waste, wood chipsAbstrakSalah satu upaya untuk memperbaiki kualitas kompos sampah organik adalah dengan penambahan bahan aditif, seperti serpihan kayu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan serpihan kayu (perbandingan 1:10) terhadap kualitas kompos sampah organik sejenis (buahan, sayuran, halaman dan sisa makanan) dalam komposter rumah tangga dan membandingkan kualitas akhir kompos ini dengan kualitas kompos sampah domestik menurut SNI 19-7030-2004. Analisis dilakukan terhadap bahan dasar kompos, proses kematangan dengan pengukuran setiap lima hari sekali, dan kualitas akhir kompos. Dari analisis akhir kualitas kompos sampah organik sejenis dengan penambahan serpihan kayu, parameter yang telah memenuhi standar adalah temperatur, kelembapan, pH untuk sampah sayuran dan sampah halaman, sedangkan untuk parameter rasio C/N belum memenuhi standar. Penambahan serpihan kayu menyebabkan temperatur dan kelembaban kompos menurun, sehingga proses dekomposisi berada pada suasana aerobik, yang menghasilkan kompos dalam bentuk humus dengan volume yang lebih banyak. Penambahan serpihan kayu juga meningkatkan pH dan rasio C/N kompos. Kata kunci: komposter rumah tangga, kualitas kompos, sampah organik sejenis, serpihan kayu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Батурин, K. Baturin, Стородубцева, and Tamara Storodubtseva. "Composite materials for the upper coverings railways." Modeling of systems and processes 6, no. 3 (January 15, 2014): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2389.

Full text

Abstract:

The results of theoretical and experimental research of composite materials, the main components of which are furfuralcohol resin STONE and wood chips, semi-anticipated by so from waste wood complex, their composition and physical-mechanical characteristics. They used vans for technological capacities of the wood chemical industries and railway sleepers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Zyryanov, M. A., and S. O. Medvedev. "Modeling the Production Processes of Wood-Fiber Semi-Finished Products Aimed at Expansion of the Raw Material Base of Forest Enterprises." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 5 (November 5, 2020): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2020-5-176-183.

Full text

Abstract:

Currently, materials made of wood-fiber semi-finished products are widely used in house building as structural, finishing and insulating materials. According to the results analysis of numerous studies, the raw material for their production is technological chips of woodworking waste. While production, the chips are subjected to hydrothermal treatment and further grinding in disk knife grinding machines in two stages. Significant energy consumption of the wood fiber production process is driven not only by grinding wood chips in stages, but also by overcoming the hydrodynamic resistance of the aqueous environment, where grinding is carried out. The process of grinding wood chips, made of from chopping residues, in an aerodynamic medium on an upgraded cross-bar mill was studied in order to solve the problem of expanding the raw material base for the production of a wood fiber semifinished product and reducing the energy intensity of the grinding process. The features of this process were analyzed and its effectiveness was assessed. The influence of the exposure time of wood chips of chopping residues in an acetic acid solution, the size of the working gap and the angle of inclination of the front edge of the knife on the grinding degree and fractional quality of wood pulp grinding was determined. Statistical and mathematical equations, that describe the studied process, were obtained, and the graphical dependencies are constructed. The following basic requirement is fulfilled for the dependencies: the experimental points for a total should lie quite close to the curve. These equations allow predicting the quality of wood pulp depending on the set modes of the grinding process; as well as determining the quality indicators of wood pulp with known values of the technological and structural parameters of the grinding machine. The efficiency of the process of obtaining the wood-fiber semi-finished product in an aerodynamic environment from wood chips produced as a result of chopping residues (branches, twigs, etc.) processing in a mobile wood chipper, is proven.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Najser, Jan, Ondřej Němček, and Marcel Mikeska. "Characterization of syngas produced from biomass gasification." MATEC Web of Conferences 168 (2018): 08003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816808003.

Full text

Abstract:

This conference paper presents biomass (wood chips from the production process of sawmills) as a renewable energy source to produce electric energy by gasification. Executed measurements from the gasifier with a fixed bed and properties of produced syngas are described in this paper. The goal is to use the produced syngas at co-generation units with piston combustion engines to produce electric energy and heat. The syngas composition is the final result of these measurements. The syngas from gasification contains pollutants which cause technical difficulties during its use in engines with internal combustion and for this reason it is necessary to choose an adequate system of syngas cleaning.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Souček, Jiří, and Patrik Burg. "The determination of heating value by wood chips of waste cane." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 58, no. 1 (2010): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201058010185.

Full text

Abstract:

This work deals with determination of heating value by wood chips of waste cane of seven varieties of grape wine. The results show, that the highest values of heating power has variety Portugais Bleu (16,64 MJ . kg−1) and MOPR (16,39 MJ . kg−1). The wood chips from this varieties were at the same time with lowest values of all water volume (12,71 %–4,59 %). Opposite the lowest values of heating power were by varieties Saint Laurent (15,93 MJ . kg−1) and Petit Riesling (16,10 MJ . kg−1) with all water volume 49,09 % and 41,97 %. By the help of laboratory measurement, calculations and statistic evaluation of results was not show the influence of different varienties on funds of heating value.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Sesseng, Christian, Nina K. Reitan, Karolina Storesund, Ragni F. Mikalsen, and Bjarne C. Hagen. "Effect of particle granularity on smoldering fire in wood chips made from wood waste: An experimental study." Fire and Materials 44, no. 4 (March 4, 2020): 540–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.2812.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Talbot, V. L., P. S. Holloway, and G. E. M. Matheke. "LINGONBERRY ESTABLISHMENT ON SOILS AMENDED WITH FISH WASTE AND WOOD CHIPS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 574 (April 2002): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2002.574.45.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Hamajima, Keisuke, Hideto Nonoyama, Takeru Araki, and Takuma Jinno. "Geotechnical utilisation of soil generated from earthquake waste-derived wood chips." Japanese Geotechnical Society Special Publication 2, no. 54 (2016): 1880–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3208/jgssp.jpn-122.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Wei, Weihua, Rui Cong, Tongming Xue, Ayodele Daniel Abraham, and Changyong Yang. "Surface roughness and chip morphology of wood-plastic composites manufactured via high-speed milling." BioResources 16, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 5733–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.3.5733-5745.

Full text

Abstract:

Wood-plastic composites have attracted extensive attention throughout the world because of their advantages. However, the manufacturing mechanism of the wood-plastic composites, i.e., high-speed milling technology, is not perfect and needs further study. The effects of the cutting parameters, i.e., the spindle speed, feed rate, axial milling depth, and radial milling depth, on the surface roughness and chip morphology were studied; the surface roughness values, Ra and Rz of high-speed milling wood-plastic composites samples were measured via high precision surface roughness measuring instrument, and their regression equations were calculated. The chips produced via a high-speed milling process were collected and studied. The results showed that the surface roughness of the wood-plastic composites increases with an increase in the axial depth, feed rate, or radial depth, but decreases with an increase in the spindle speed. In addition, the axial milling depth, feed rate, and spindle speed had a significant effect on the morphology of the chips. However, the effect of the radial milling depth on the morphology of the chips was not obvious. The results can provide a scientific basis for the optimization of high-speed milling processing of wood-plastic composites.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Kłosowski, Grzegorz, Dawid Mikulski, and Aleksandra Menka. "Microwave-Assisted One-Step Conversion of Wood Wastes into Levulinic Acid." Catalysts 9, no. 9 (September 7, 2019): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9090753.

Full text

Abstract:

This study aimed to evaluate the use of softwood and hardwood waste for the production of levulinic acid by one-stage conversion using microwave radiation combined with acid catalysis. The analysis demonstrated that the type and concentration of the acid used, the concentration of biomass in the reaction mixture and pressure value had the greatest impact on the yield of levulinic acid. The highest efficiency of carbohydrate conversion to levulinic acid, regardless of the type of raw material, was achieved using a pressure of 225 PSI and sulfuric acid as a catalyst. Maximum yield from biomass, ca. 16.5% for cherry wood chips and ca. 25% for pine chips, was obtained using sulfuric acid at a concentration of 1% v/v and 2% v/v, respectively, for the following process parameters: Exposure time 20 min, biomass concentration 3.3%, and the pressure of 225 PSI. The ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield was high: 64.7% ± 4.5% for pine chips and 43.4% ± 1.0% for cherry wood chips. High efficiency of the presented method of biomass conversion to levulinic acid indicates the possibility of its use for waste management in the wood processing industry. High concentration of levulinic acid in the post-reaction mixture allows for cost-effective extraction and purification of the compound.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Timmons, Dave, and César Viteri Mejía. "Biomass energy from wood chips: Diesel fuel dependence?" Biomass and Bioenergy 34, no. 9 (September 2010): 1419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.04.010.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Burg, Patrik, and Jiří Souček. "The classification of wood chips parameters by crushing of waste cane from different varieties of grapevine." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 56, no. 2 (2008): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200856020051.

Full text

Abstract:

This work deales with exploitatives parameters monitoring of wood shreder PEZZOLATO 110 Mb by crushing of waste cane of six varieties. The results shows that the wood shreders efficiency, fuel consumption and the wood chips elements size can be influenced by varieties characters of cane. The valued machines efficiency was 230–470 kg . h−1 by average volume 40.70 % water in wood. The highest values by cane crushing had the variety Saint Laurent (0.47 t . h−1) and the lowest variety Blauer Portugieser (0.23 t . h−1). The specific consumption of petrol Natural 95 was 4.52.10−3–8.12.10−3 l . kg−1. The average middle elements lenght was 6.64 mm by crushed varieties.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Aprilia Lestari, Veni, and Trisaksono Bagus Priambodo. "KAJIAN KOMPOSISI LIGNIN DAN SELULOSA DARI LIMBAH KAYU SISA DEKORTIKASI RAMI DAN CANGKANG KULIT KOPI UNTUK PROSES GASIFIKASI DOWNDRAFT." Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) 16, no. 1 (November 25, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jel.v16i1.4572.

Full text

Abstract:

Gasification of biomass can be used to produce fuel gas that could potentially be used as a powersource for the sustainable development. The main aim of this study is to determine the effect of lignin,cellulose, proximate and ultimate of ramie wood chip biomass and shell coffee to produce gas and thepotential for regional electricity generated. Research carried out by the analysis of lignin and cellulose,proximate and ultimate, calorific value, gasification, composition gases and energy potential. From theresearch results, the waste of coffee shells and ramie wood chips were used as a new energy source toproduce syngas by means of the gasification process. The highest lignin content was for 45.10% coffeeshell and the lowest for flax wood chips was 18.26. Meanwhile, the highest cellulose content was hempwood chips 44.82% and the lowest was coffee skin shell 17.93%. The potential energy produced fromgasified gas provides a correlation with levels of lignin and cellulose. The higher the lignin content andthe greater the cellulose content, the higher energy that occurs in the coffee shell shells of 5.78 kW, andvice versa what happens to hemp wood chips with low lignin levels and high cellulose content providesa potential energy of 4. 64 kW

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Shirinkina, E. S., Ya I. Vaisman, and O. N. Kurilo. "Use of the Energy Potential of Organic Waste during its Incineration at Recycling Facility." Ecology and Industry of Russia 22, no. 7 (July 17, 2018): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2018-7-54-58.

Full text

Abstract:

To develop recommendations for improving the efficiency of the use of resource potential of organic waste, studies were carried out on the process of their thermal treatment using the example of plant manufactured by company Wellons type 2D6C8.AO. The plant is operated at one of the enterprises of the pulp and paper industry and is designed to generate process steam both by burning primary gas fuel and by using as a fuel mixture different types of organic waste (bark and wood waste, wood chips and sewage sludge). Based on the results obtained, the criteria for estimate the quality of fuel mixture: ash content (not more than 5 %), humidity (not more than 58 %), calorific value (not less than 4000 J/g), homogeneity of the component and fractional composition of the fuel mix (grain size not more than 25–50 mm) were worked out. Taking into account the developed criteria, the optimum composition of fuel mixture was determined (bark and wood waste 70–80 %, pulp and paper sludge 20–30 %, wood chips 4 %). As the main measures to reduce and stabilize the humidity of the fuel used for combustion, the introduction of dry debarking of wood, preliminary mechanical dewatering of the pulp and paper sludge, additional dosing in the main waste stream of waste formed in auxiliary industries (wooden pallets, boxes, paper scrap, etc.) is recommended. The introduction of the developed measures will prevent the disposal of waste in the environment and minimize the impact of the landfills on the geosystems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Pujate, Agnese, and Gotfrīds Noviks. "WOOD THE POTENTIAL RESOURCE OF COMPLEX USE OF LIGNIN." HUMAN. ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. Proceedings of the Students International Scientific and Practical Conference, no. 23 (April 24, 2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/het2019.23.4405.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of the work is to investigate the use of existing wood waste, the most effective method of obtaining lignin and to create composite material made from renewable natural resources. The work looked at the current wider use of wood resources - construction, energy and chemical processing. The current waste from the use of wood - lignin is investigated. And the complex and rational use of this waste without waste. Experimentally, lignin was obtained with two methods, alkali and acid, from different Latvian tree species. Experimentally obtained composite samples with different compositions - alkali / acid lignin (binder) and leafy tree ash / chips (filler). Also, composite materials are considered at different proportions, where the percentage of both binders and fillers changes. Experimental samples were pressed at different temperatures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Shui Yang, Jin, Jin Ren Ni, Hong Li Yuan, and EnTao Wang. "Biodegradation of three different wood chips by Pseudomonas sp. PKE117." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 60, no. 2 (January 2007): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2006.12.006.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Osmak, A. A., and A. A. Seregin. "ALTERNATIVE FUELS – A PROMISING DIRECTION FOR THE ENERGY COMPLEX OF UKRAINE." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, no. 1 (March 20, 2021): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.1.2021.06.

Full text

Abstract:

The perspectives of processing biomass to raise it to the country’s energy mix. The results of studies of fuel characteristics most commonly used renewable energy in Ukraine: wood waste and agricultural industries. In order to determine the flammability of the analysis of the chemical composition of the waste wood and sunflower husk. Presents estimates of effective thermal conductivity sunflower husks and wood waste (chips) depending on porosity, temperature and moisture content. The expediency of using plant biomass as a fuel in regions without centralized energy supply and available fossil fuel resources has been confirmed. This also applies to enterprises for the processing of wood and agricultural products (woodworking and pulp and paper mills, factories for the production of sunflower oil, etc.), where a large amount of waste from the processing of vegetable raw materials is generated. Bibl. 10, Fig. 1, Tab. 5.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Barreto, Maria I. M., Victor De Araujo, Juliana Cortez-Barbosa, André L. Christoforo, and Jorge D. M. Moura. "Structural performance analysis of cross-laminated timber-bamboo (CLTB)." BioResources 14, no. 3 (May 2, 2019): 5045–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.3.5045-5058.

Full text

Abstract:

Construction systems based on cross-laminated timber (CLT) have versatility in material development and are an interesting alternative for construction. This study evaluated the structural performance of cross-laminated timber-bamboo produced from wood (Pinus spp.) and bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus). Panels were produced by strips (wood and bamboo) assorted, under non-destructive structural grading, to support a better panel configuration. Small-length pine pieces were also included in the study, considering their low added-value and underutilization in sawmills from Telêmaco Borba, Brazil. Gluing tests of small specimens were performed to evaluate the bonding quality of three adhesives: melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF), isocyanate polymeric emulsion (IPE), and castor oil-based resin (COR). Shear stress strength parallel to grain between bamboo and wood showed the best performance for MUF resin. After preliminary gluing testing, eight cross-laminated panels were produced with MUF adhesive in a three-layered configuration, with transversal orientation: two external bamboo layers and a central layer of pine wood. Stiffness and rupture strength values were above those specified by the ANSI/APA PGR 320 (2012) standard. Elasticity and rupture moduli were 13,310 MPa and 65 MPa, respectively, showing good potential of this composite for structural uses.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Akpenpuun, Timothy Denen, and Ridwan Gbadeyanka. "Strength and micro-structural properties of wood chips composite panel." BioResources 15, no. 1 (January 28, 2020): 1861–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.1.1861-1876.

Full text

Abstract:

The increase in activities in the wood-based industries has contributed greatly to deforestation, and this has consequently led to the development of new materials to substitute for the felling of trees. In this study, red Ironwood (Lophira alata) chips and cassava starch were used for the production of particleboard. Chip sizes of 0.85 and 1.7 mm and the dosage and types of binders (cassava starch, urea formaldehyde, and glutaraldehyde-modified cassava starch) were the variables. The ratio of wood chips to the binders was 1.0:1.5. The boards were formed in rectangular moulds. Water absorption, thickness swelling, flexural tests, and material characterisation (scanning electron microscopy) were performed. The data were subjected to analysis of variance. The panels produced with modified cassava starch had the best mechanical properties with the modulus of elasticity ranging from 5.9 to 32.3 N/mm2 but had a higher thickness swelling values ranging from 3 to 59.4%. There was a significant difference (p < 0.01) between the boards manufactured using plain starch and modified starch. These results showed that modified cassava starch is a better binding agent than plain cassava starch in terms of panel MOR and MOE. The developed particleboard can be used for indoor paneling, partitioning, and ceilings.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Mendonça Silva, Geislayne, and Claudete Catanhede do Nascimento. "Use of wood waste from Amazonian tree species for the manufacture of products with regional identity." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 9, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss1.2869.

Full text

Abstract:

Based on the problem of the quantity of wood waste generated by the timber milling process in sawmills in the state of Amazonas and the possibility of manufacturing products using this material, the aim of this study was to develop a product with regional identity made from this wood waste. The research process involved analysis of cultural issues in the North Region of Brazil and the quantity and quality of wood waste present in the Wood Engineering and Artefacts Laboratory (LEAM/INPA). This wood was donated by the company Mil Madeireira, located in the municipality of Itacoatiara in the state of Amazonas. Assessment of the regional themes of northern Brazil found that animals are represented in many products. This is especially true for handicrafts, where artisans seek to represent animals typical of the region in carvings, paintings, sewing and other crafts. As a result, a mood board was created with images of the most popular animals in the North region. The product was developed from hand drawings and 3D modeling to check the relationship between the pieces. Later, a physical prototype was developed using sawmill waste from the species Peãozinho (Micrandropsis sclerorylum W. Rodr), Cardeiro (Scleronemoma micranthum) and Mandioqueira (Qualea paraenses), after their classification. Based on the quality and quantity of waste generated from milling, one of the proposed alternatives was a coffee table called Arara (Macaw). The coffee table consists of 5 (five) pieces: 4 (four) of wood and 1 (one) of glass. In search of satisfactory results, this idea arose based on two factors: the aesthetic and emotional appeal, and modularity. The product was generated from analysis of elements of the northern Brazilian regional identity and the classification of waste from milling of certified wood and forestry residues. It has been observed that much of the wood is discarded or is burned to generate energy. In addition to the amount of wood wasted, two other factors were also analyzed: the first is the possibility of generating value through the culture of the northern region, specifically that of the state of Amazonas, through the manufacturing of products, and the second is to leverage the production of the wood industry. The product is easy to construct and the process can be taught to third parties, since the technical details are presented so as to facilitate its large-scale production.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

K.H., Chong, Law P.L., Rigit A.R.H., Baini R., and Shanti F.S. "Sago Bark as Renewable Energy." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 5, no. 2 (September 1, 2014): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.136.2014.

Full text

Abstract:

Much research has been done on the determination of the heating value of biomass waste, but currently no research is being done on the heating value of sago bark. In Malaysia, sago bark is an abundant waste product from sago starch extraction. This study presents the moisture content and heating value determination of paddy straw, empty fruit bunch (EFB), sago bark, oil palm kernel shell (OPKS), and wood chips. The moisture content and heating value of the investigated biomass were determined according to the British Standard EN 1477-2:2009 and bomb calorimeter, accordingly. It was observed that paddy straw recorded the highest moisture content at 97.75% wt. This was followed by EFB 95.34% wt., sago bark 96.05% wt., OPKS 95.28% wt. and wood chips 11.61% wt. In the dry state, wood chips had the highest heating value, with a value recorded as approximately 22.41 MJ kg-1, followed by OPKS 21.40 MJ kg-1, sago bark 19.56 MJ kg-1, EFB 17.82 MJ kg-1 and paddy straw 15.33 MJ kg-1. Current experimental trials suggest that the heating value of sago bark makes it suitable for use for co-firing with coal power generation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Brožek, Milan. "The Effect of Moisture of the Raw Material on the Properties Briquettes for Energy Use." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, no. 5 (2016): 1453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664051453.

Full text

Abstract:

At logging and at the subsequent wood and wood semi-products treatment the fine grained loose waste is arising, e.g. wood dust, saw dust, shavings, chips, bark etc. One of possibilities of its meaningful utilization is the briquetting technology, which product are briquettes determined for energetic utilization (combustion). This report contains the results of tests carried out with the aim to assess the influence of moisture on the briquettes final properties. For the tests the platan tree chips of four moisture levels, namely 5.7 %, 7.7 %, 15.7 % and 23.9 % were used. The basic physical-mechanical properties were the evaluation criteria. Following properties were determined: ash amount, gross calorific value, total moisture content, density, rupture force, length, diameter, weight and mechanical durability. From the results of carried out tests it follows that the best properties were reached at briquettes made from chips of moisture 7.7 %. At higher or lower moisture the briquettes properties were sharply failing (namely rupture force and density).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Surma, Mariusz, Zbigniew Zdrojewski, Stanisław Peroń, Klaudiusz Jałoszyński, and Bogdan Stępień. "Assessment of Utilization Possibilities of Heat Conducted by Waste Gases Exhaust Pipe of SB 1.5 Drum Drier for Drying Wood Chips." Agricultural Engineering 20, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agriceng-2016-0020.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractBased on the exploitation research, the authors evaluated the possibilities of using the heat conducted through the side surface of the waste gases exhaust pipe of SB 1.5 drum drier for drying wood chips. According to the estimated calculations within one hour approximately 173 thousand of kJ of heat may be obtained from the external surface of the waste gases exhaust pipe with the height of 7 m and temperature of approximately 78°C which constitutes an equivalent of approximately 4 kilo of heating oil. In case the above mentioned heat source for drying wood chips in SPA 20 silo with a volume of 6800 kilo within 50% to 20% humidity is used, one may expect that the drying time will be approximately 100 hours.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Atik, Umar, Mahawan Karuniasa, and Yuki Wardhana. "Sawn timber recovery optimization in primary industry from legality aspect." E3S Web of Conferences 211 (2020): 05006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021105006.

Full text

Abstract:

To reduce deforestation and illegal logging several international initiatives have been carried out. Recognition of SVLK existence, among others, is through Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and TradeVoluntary Partnership Agreement (FLEGT-VPA) and Illegal Logging Prohibition Act (ILPA), which are proof of Indonesian Government’s commitment to improving forest governance. Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu (SVLK) regulates compliance from forest management and timber trade aspect. Scope of SVLK audit covers from upstream to downstream forest governance, one of which is sawmill industry. Fulfilling the legality aspect of sawmill industry is mandatory in SVLK. SVLK also analyses wood traceability and sawmill activities in the industry. One of indicators used is sawn timber recovery of sawmills. The research was conducted using literature studies, descriptive analysis and comparative analysis of secondary data and regulations related to SVLK. Case study used as research object was Penggergajian Kayu (PK) Rimba Sari sawmill industry with production capacity of <6,000 m3/year in Banyumas. PK Rimba Sari generates of 59.34% sawn timber recovery. The study shows that there is potential for utilization of wood waste amounting to 40.66%. So far, wood waste is only used for direct sales but no processing has been carried out yet. The objective of research is to analyze the optimization of sawn timber recovery concerning legality aspect of company as a form of compliance with SVLK scheme. This study concludes that researchers recommend an alternative use of wood waste as part of a sustainable industry and clean production.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Merli, Francesca, Elisa Belloni, and Cinzia Buratti. "Production of eco-sustainable insulating panels by recovering wood waste: fabrication and preliminary experimental characterization of thermal and acoustic properties." E3S Web of Conferences 197 (2020): 08021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019708021.

Full text

Abstract:

The work was developed in the ReScaLe FiAer project framework, funded by the Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Perugia. It is focused on the identification and collection of multiple high quality wood waste from a local window manufacturer. Three types of wood were available, from different tree species (pine, oak, and mahogany) and sizes (pieces of wood, mixed coarse chips, and mixed fine chips). Preliminary analyses were performed in order to evaluate the properties of the raw material. For each type of wood, eco-sustainable panels (300x300 mm2) were assembled by gluing. Multiple tests were carried out in order to identify the optimal mixtures and to ensure a good mechanical resistance with the minimum adhesive use. Panels were assembled by using vinyl glue, easily available and cheap, and flour glue, with a lower environmental impact and safe for people’s health. The thermal conductivity of the panels was measured by means of the Small Hot Box experimental apparatus: it varies in the 0.071-0.084 W/mK range, at an average temperature of 10°C, depending on the tree species and regardless of the type of adhesive used. Furthermore, 100-mm diameter cylindrical samples with two different thicknesses for each type of wood and glue were fabricated, in order to investigate their acoustic behaviour in an impedance tube. The use of flour glue improves the sound absorption and insulation performance of the samples.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Sawmills. Wood waste. Wood chips'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles