Journal articles: 'Saxony (Germany)'

1

Khan, Sameer ud Dowla, and Constanze Weise. "Upper Saxon (Chemnitz dialect)." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 43, no. 2 (2013): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100313000145.

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Upper Saxon (Obersächsisch/ɵːpoˁˈsɛksʃ/) refers to a group of dialects spoken by over two million people in the Free State of Saxony in eastern Germany. It is considered one of the eastern branches of Central German (Wiesinger 1983, Lewis 2009), with major phonological, morphological, and lexical differences from Standard German and other regional dialects.

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Dolejš, Martin, Birgit Glorius, and Vladan Hruška. "Motives and barriers of migration to Saxony: the case of migrating health professionals from Czechia." GeoScape 10, no. 2 (2016): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geosc-2016-0006.

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Abstract The regime change in the former German Democratic Republic and its reunification with the Federal Republic of Germany at the beginning of 1990s launched significant social and economic changes which resulted i.a. in high out-migration rate and secondary also rapid demographic ageing of the populations of the states of former Eastern Germany including Saxony. As a consequence, there is a lack of health professionals in Saxon hospitals which is going to be solved by the in-migration of medical staff from abroad. The geographical location of the Federal state of Saxony predetermines representatives of Saxon hospitals to look for missing health care labour in Czechia and latest statistics demonstrate that this could be a successful way to stabilize or even increase the personnel numbers of Saxon health care providers. The aim of this article is not only to bring some basic data about the migration of Czech health professionals to Germany, but especially to focus on processes which facilitate or hinder such kind of mobility, influence the rate of success of their integration both into the work team and German society and form the prospects of their permanent stay in Germany. Ten interviews with Czech health professionals were conducted in order to fulfill these ambitions. As a result, crucial barriers and recommendations for improvements concerning the migration decision making, their integration and sustaining in the migratory destination are presented.

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3

Cook, Robert B. "Stannite Freiberg, Saxony, Germany." Rocks & Minerals 81, no. 6 (2006): 458–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/rmin.81.6.458-461.

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Burckhardt, Florian, Anett Friedrich, Dietmar Beier, and Tim Eckmanns. "Clostridium difficileSurveillance Trends, Saxony, Germany." Emerging Infectious Diseases 14, no. 4 (2008): 691–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1404.071023.

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Klein, Markus. "Die niedersächsische Landtagswahl vom 9. Oktober 2022: Eine Wahl im Zeichen der Energiekrise und des Konflikts um die Atomkraft." Zeitschrift für Parlamentsfragen 54, no. 2 (2023): 253–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0340-1758-2023-2-253.

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The state election in Lower Saxony on October 9, 2022, was the first election in Germany following the termination of Russian gas supplies to Western Europe . The election campaign was therefore dominated by the energy crisis and the associated conflict over the continued use of German nuclear power plants . Issues of Lower Saxony’s state politics, on the other hand, hardly played a role . The election was won by the SPD, which maintained its position as the strongest party in the Lower Saxony state parliament with slight losses . This was due not least to the high popularity of incumbent Minister President Stephan Weil, whom voters trusted to lead the state through the crisis . The CDU lost a massive number of votes and achieved its worst election result in Lower Saxony since 1955 . The Greens, on the other hand, made significant gains and achieved their best result in Lower Saxony since the party was founded . The AfD also improved significantly, while the FDP dropped out of the state parliament . After the two parties that had previously governed in a grand coalition, the SPD and CDU, had announced already before the election that they did not intend to continue their cooperation, a red-green state government was formed after the election .

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Hilgner, Alexandra. "THE GOLD AND GARNET CHAIN FROM ISENBÜTTEL, GERMANY: A POSSIBLE PIN SUITE WITH ANGLO-SAXON PARALLELS." Antiquaries Journal 96 (August 22, 2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581516000536.

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The ‘Isenbüttel gold necklace’, now in the Lower Saxony State Museum in Hanover, was found almost a century ago in Lower Saxony, an area with no history of early medieval gold finds or richly furnished burials. As no parallels are known for the object, scholars have long debated the dating, provenance and function of this unique loop-in-loop chain, with its animal-head terminals and garnet cloisonné. Recent excavations of Anglo-Saxon cemeteries dating to the seventh century have, however, added new finds to the small corpus of objects known as ‘pin suites’, consisting of comparatively short pins perhaps designed to fix a veil or a light shawl in the collar area, with ornate pinheads, linked by chains. This paper focuses on Anglo-Saxon pin suites from high-status burials of the second half of the seventh century and seeks to set the finds group in its wider social and historical context, revealing the far-reaching relationships that existed between early medieval elites.

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Jurkowska, Barbara. "The Federal States of Germany – Analysis and Measurement of Development Using Taxonomic Methods." Oeconomia Copernicana 5, no. 3 (2014): 49–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/oec.2014.019.

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This article presents an analysis of the socio-economic development of the 16 federal states of Germany as compared to the whole country. The main goals of the analysis are to measure the development with the use of selected taxonomic methods, to examine the similarities and differences between the states inasmuch as that development is concerned, as well as to illustrate the distance existing between the new eastern states (Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia) and the remaining states of Germany. The analysis is preceded by an illustration of the present socio-economic situation of the German states. Germany is characterized by internal diversity as regards the socio-economic development, and the policy of supporting the East German economy has failed to reach its goals. An unfavourable demographic situation is a factor that effectively inhibits the development of the new states. A falling birth rate, an increasing population beyond retirement age, as well as great numbers of people emigrating to West Germany all contribute to the depopulation of the eastern states. The taxonomic analysis of the level of socio-economic development of Germany has provided information about the diversity of that development level, but it has also made it possible to determine and set the direction of development for particular states.

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8

Kührer-Wielach, Florian. "Kultur und Werte, Blut und Boden: Siebenbürgisch-sächsische Biopolitik in den „langen“ 1920er-Jahren." Transylvanian Review 32, no. 1 (2023): 63–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33993/tr.2023.1.04.

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The paper deals with the topic of eugenics (“Erbgesundheitslehre” or “Rassenhygiene”) among the Germans in Romania, which was mainly carried by Transylvanian Saxon actors. Based on Tudor Georgescu’s monograph The Eugenic Fortress: The Transylvanian Saxon Experiment in In terwar Romania (2016), the topic is analyzed in depth for the 1920s. Using Heinrich Siegmund’s Sächsisches Wehr- und Mehrbuch, which was published in 1914 and in a revised form in 1922, as well as other source examples, it is shown that the eugenic discourse was not only a transfer from the “West” to Transylvanian Saxony, but took on a specific form. The central actors of the biopo litical discourse among the Transylvanian Saxons, especially Heinrich Siegmund and later Alfred Csallner, acted in an interpersonal and intertextual network, especially one supported by institu tions, that was primarily connected to Germany—the exchange on eugenics was thus a reciprocal process, not an exclusively one-sided “import” from the “West.” However, it is further noted that there was relatively little demonstrable exchange with Romanian and Hungarian eugenicists. The implementation of the teachings of eugenics was intended to counter a demographically induced decrease in the population of the German minority. The main target was the younger generation, especially in rural areas—this milieu was seen as having the best chances of resisting the “decline” by means of biopolitical measures. On the one hand, the analyzed discourse reveals the intertwin ing of traditional and contemporary topoi; on the other hand, a radicalization of biopolitical concepts can be seen parallel to political developments.

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9

LINNEMANN, U. "The Neoproterozoic terranes of Saxony (Germany)." Precambrian Research 73, no. 1-4 (1995): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(94)00080-b.

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10

Kleber, Markus, Sabine Zikeli, Michael Kastler, and Reinhold Jahn. "An Andosol from Eastern Saxony, Germany." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 166, no. 4 (2003): 533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200321102.

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11

Begunovich, R. V. "Consolidation of the Right to Work in the Normative Legal Acts of East Germany in 1945–1990." Siberian Law Herald 2 (2023): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2071-8136.2023.2.3.

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The Constitutions of the states and provinces that were part of the Soviet occupation zone of Germany can be divided into two groups. The Constitutions of Saxony-Anhalt, Mecklenburg and Saxony included a section on basic rights, and also enshrined the right to work. In contrast, the Constitutions of Thuringia and Brandenburg contained neither a section on basic rights nor the right to work. While considering the period 1945-1949 attention should also be paid to the acts of both the Soviet Military Administration in Germany and the German authorities, which, among other things, were aimed at overcoming unemployment, secured the right to form trade unions, regulated the content of the collective agreement, and established measures to improve occupational safety. In the Constitution of the German Democratic Republic of 1949 the right to work was enshrined in Article 15. At the same time, the text of this article shows clear similarities with the norms of the Weimar Constitution, as well as the Constitutions of Saxony-Anhalt, Mecklenburg and Saxony. In the GDR Constitution of 1968, the right to work is enshrined in Article 24. The basic right to work was developed by the provisions of such acts as the Labor Law of 1950, the Labor Code of 1961 and the Labor Code of the GDR of 1977. The GDR Constitution of 1968 and the GDR Labor Code of 1977 establish a legal duty to work. At the same time, in earlier normative legal acts, in particular in the Labor Code of 1961, this duty was characterized by the legislator as moral.

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12

Ehling, Angela. "Cretaceous building sandstones in northern Germany." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 486, no. 1 (2018): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp486.7.

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AbstractCretaceous sandstones occur mainly in the north and NE of Germany. Some of them have been quarried for more than a thousand years and they have been transported to other regions, even abroad, from as early as medieval times. These are the Elbe Sandstones in Saxony, the Wealden Sandstones and the Bentheimer Sandstone in Lower Saxony and the Baumberger Sandstone in North Rhein-Westfalia. All of these are still quarried, and all can be used as building stone as well as for sculptures. They are introduced with their special features and their use over the centuries.

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13

Lück, Heiner. "'Flemish law' in Central Germany." Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis / Revue d'Histoire du Droit / The Legal History Review 78, no. 1-2 (2010): 37–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181910x487314.

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AbstractIn the general context of 12th- and 13th-century migrations in Europe, several communities from the Low Countries settled in central Germany, in territories now divided between the Länder Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia. Many of these settlements were concentrated in the region between Berlin and Wittenberg, still known today as the Fläming (from Flamen, German for Flemings, but also a generic name for populations from the Low Countries); the settlements also include areas around Burg and Magdeburg, a few localities around Leipzig and Naumburg, and the Goldene Aue, near the Kyffhäuser Hills. The law in those Flemish-Dutch settlements can to some extent be traced back through local customs and place-names, as well as through references in charters granting a distinctive legal status to the colonists. Characteristic features of the legal migration are the equal division of property after death and the terms Schulze and Schultheiß, which may in some cases go back to Netherlandish origins and influences.

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14

STUKE, JENS-HERMANN. "New species of Philygria Stenhammar (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Germany." Zootaxa 4942, no. 3 (2021): 439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4942.3.7.

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15

Julius, U., and U. Emmrich. "Lipoprotein apheresis in saxony (Germany) in 2013." Atherosclerosis 241, no. 1 (2015): e200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.964.

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16

Spindler, Gerald, Konrad Müller, and Hartmut Herrmann. "Main particulate matter components in Saxony (Germany)." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 6, no. 2 (1999): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02987559.

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17

Dorka, Markus. "Shark remains from the Triassic of Schöningen, Lower Saxony, Germany." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 221, no. 2 (2001): 219–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/221/2001/219.

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18

Gast, Reinhard, and Thomas Gundlach. "Permian strike slip and extensional tectonics in Lower Saxony, Germany." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 157, no. 1 (2006): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2006/0157-0041.

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19

Heuse, Thomas. "Upper Ordovician acritarchs from the Frankenberger Zwischengebirge (Saxony), Eastern Germany." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 191, no. 3 (1994): 357–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/191/1994/357.

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20

Colson, A., M. Heumüller, and E. Abbentheren. "THE WOODEN TRACKWAY PR6, ASCHENER BOG, LOWER-SAXONY, GERMANY." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-M-1-2023 (June 23, 2023): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-m-1-2023-41-2023.

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Abstract. In northern Europe, wetlands hold valuable cultural heritage and enable the conservation of organic material. The region of Lower-Saxony (Germany) boarders the Netherlands in the West and the North Sea in the North. Until the era of cultivation and drainage large parts of northern Lower-Saxony were covered by bogs. Human populations have been living in this environment and developed strategies for crossings since the Neolithic period. There are about 500 wooden trackways listed in Lower-Saxony and several of them have been excavated.The wooden trackway PR6 located in the Aschener Bog, district of Diepholz has been excavated from 2019 to 2021 in cooperation with the natural park Dümmer and the Lower-Saxony State Service for Cultural Heritage (NLD). The project aimed to study a segment of about 550m, which was endangered by peat mining.The company DENKMAL3D (D3D) was contracted for the project and conducted the excavation on site supervised by Dr. M. Heumüller (NLD). Additionally, several staff members from D3D were involved in different capacity: 3D documentation, surveying, and conservation-restoration. This contribution shows the importance of interdisciplinarity in an archaeological research project involving organic material, which is very challenging to excavated and to conserve long-term. Which ethical decision had to be made and how did 3D documentation played a central role in supporting this process? The technical details will be presented as well as future perspective will be discussed and the following research project shortly mentioned.

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Forejt, Michal, and Ralf-Uwe Syrbe. "The current status of orchard meadows in Central Europe: Multi-source area estimation in Saxony (Germany) and the Czech Republic." Moravian Geographical Reports 27, no. 4 (2019): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgr-2019-0017.

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Abstract Orchard meadows are appreciated as an integrated land use of high cultural and biological value. While such meadows are typical habitats for temperate Europe, they experienced a decline in their total area during the second half of the 20th century, both in Western and Eastern Europe. In this contribution, we compare their current area and status in terms of semantics, law, public support in general, and the efficiency of public support in both Saxony and the Czech Republic. We estimated the area in Saxony on the basis of three public mapping projects. In the Czech Republic, where no recent mapping included orchard meadows as a specific land-use type, we carried out our own mapping. Hence, we mapped 124 randomly selected plots of 1 km2. To cross-reference results from both countries, we used the pan-EU project LUCAS (Land Use/Cover Area frame Survey). According to various different sources, the orchard meadows cover 0.09–0.55% of Saxony and 0.01–0.72% of the Czech Republic. Interestingly, the results of the three mapping projects conducted in Saxony vary from each other. Although orchard meadows are supported by financial incentives of the respective governments in both countries, the Saxon approach concentrating more on individual activities (sanitation of old trees, planting, grassland management), seems more focused than the single measure practised in the Czech Republic. One key to a greater public awareness of the orchard meadow problematic can lie in the promotion of a simple expression referring to this specific landscape feature in Czech, similar to the phrase common in the German language: ‘Streuobstwiese’. Our suggestion for the Czech language is: ‘luční sad’.

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Richter, Michael, Katja Schulz, Tobias Elflein, et al. "The First Eighteen Months of African Swine Fever in Wild Boar in Saxony, Germany and Latvia—A Comparison." Pathogens 12, no. 1 (2023): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010087.

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African swine fever (ASF) emerged in Latvia in 2014. In 2020, the virus has been detected in the German federal state, Saxony. In both regions, the virus was probably introduced by infected wild boar coming from affected neighboring countries. As the current ASF control strategy at EU level had not yet been developed at the time of ASF introduction into Latvia, disease control measures in both study areas differed over time. Assessing the course of ASF in Saxony and the implemented control strategies, the first 18 months of the ASF epidemic were epidemiologically compared between Saxony and Latvia. ASF wild boar surveillance data were analyzed and the prevalence of ASF virus-positive wild boar was estimated. For estimating the wild boar density, the numbers of wild boar per km² were calculated for the respective geographical areas. The number of samples collected from hunted wild boar and wild boar found dead was higher in Saxony. The ASF virus prevalence in Latvia was significantly higher than in Saxony, indicating that Saxony has had more time for getting prepared for dealing with an ASF incursion. Experience from other countries and the rapid implementation of new control strategies may have helped Saxony deal with ASF.

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Yang, Xueqing, Yang Liu, Mei Wang, Alberto Bezama, and Daniela Thrän. "Identifying the Necessities of Regional-Based Analysis to Study Germany’s Biogas Production Development under Energy Transition." Land 10, no. 2 (2021): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020135.

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The German Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) has been deemed successful in promoting German biogas production. However, the German state-level biogas production development (BPD) under the EEG has not been systematically studied and compared. This research aimed to study the German state-level BPD using the multivariate linear regression model with a dummy variable, and to spatially quantify the environmental and agricultural consequences using the geographic information system (GIS) technique to identify the necessities of regional-based analysis on Germany’s BPD. The empirical results indicated that Saxony-Anhalt was advanced in BPD, while farmers’ response from Bavaria to EEG was the weakest. The reason behind could be the differences in farmers’ personality traits and risk cognitions toward the biogas production investment. The spatial analysis indicated that Saxony-Anhalt had more severe environmental problems caused by the biogas production expansion than Bavaria. Therefore, to promote BPD in states such as Bavaria, an increase in the nationwide unified subsidy might lead to an overreaction of the EEG strong response states, e.g., Saxony-Anhalt, leading to more serious environmental problems. In the end, there is a need for more regional-based research on studying the BPD in Germany in the future to avoid the ambiguity of large-scale studies.

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Frandsen, Mary E. "Music in a time of war : the efforts of Saxon Prince Johann Georg II to establish a musical ensemble, 1637-1651." Schütz-Jahrbuch 30 (July 20, 2017): 33–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.13141/sjb.v2008573.

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Elector Johann Georg II of Saxony (r. 1656-1680) is primarily remembered today for his cultivation of elaborate court festivals and a lavish musical life at the Dresden court throughout his twenty-four-year reign. He played an important role in the development of sacred music in seventeenth-century Germany and privileged music in the modern Italian style. This article tells about the efforts of Saxon Prince Johann Georg II in establishing a musical ensemble between 1637 and 1651, hampered by the 30 Years‘ War (1618-1648).

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25

Jurkowska, Barbara. "Spatial diversification of socio-economic potential of the regions in Poland and Germany, particularly considering the Polish-German borderland." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 63, no. 8 (2018): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0688.

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The aim of the article is to demonstrate differences in various aspects of socio-economic life between the states of Germany and voivodships of Poland. Particular attention was devoted to the regions of the Polish-German borderland: Zachodniopomorskie, Lubuskie and Dolnośląskie voivodships and the neighbouring German states: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg and Saxony. As a result of conducted taxonomic research, diversification among particular German states and voivodships in terms of socio-economic development was obtained. Hellwig’s taxonomic method was used in the research of the level of socio- -economic development of Poland and Germany. The study was based on data from Statistics Poland (GUS) and the Federal Statistical Office (Statistisches Bundesamt) in Germany. The analysis concerned years 2014—2017. The conclusions of the study are as follows: the greatest asset of the Polish regions is their demographic potential, which, combined with economic and innovation opportunities of the German regions, may become a stimulus for development in other areas of socio-economic life of the entire Polish-German borderland.

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Maister, Andrii, Volodymyr Lazhnik, and Serhii Puhach. "Spatial patterns of tourism development in Germany." Scientific Herald of Chernivtsi University. Geography, no. 842 (April 10, 2023): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/geo.2023.842.66-77.

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Tourism is one of the most important and dynamic sectors of the world's economy. However, the coronavirus pandemic in 2020–2021 caused significant losses in the tourism industry. The pandemic has also significantly affected the tourism development in Germany, which is one of the world's leading tourist destinations. The article analyzes the dynamics of tourism development in Germany in 2012–2022 and calculates the indicator of the integral index of tourism development in the federal states of Germany. The average values of the initial partial indicators for 2018–2022 are taken, to determine the integral index of tourism development level in the federal lands of Germany, which reflect both absolute and relative parameters of tourism growth. Based on the calculated average integrated index of the tourism development level in the federal lands of Germany, the features of spatial differentiation in the tourism development in the country are clarified. The analysis shows that before the coronavirus pandemic, tourism in Germany was significantly developing. The total number of tourist arrivals by 2020 increased annually by more than 20 %. However, due to the coronavirus pandemic, their number and tourism revenues halved in 2020 and 2021. In 2022, this indicator and other indicators of the development of the German tourism industry tended to improve. Domestic tourists dominate the total number of tourist arrivals. The calculated average integral index of tourism development in the federal lands showed a significant spatial asymmetry in the levels of development of the German tourism industry. According to this index, the federal lands of Germany are divided into five groups: high, high than average, medium, lower than average, and low tourism development levels. The lands of Berlin and Bavaria have a high level of tourism development. These regions are well-known tourist destinations in Germany. They have a rich cultural heritage, abundant natural resources and attractive landscapes, and a large number of tourist accommodation facilities. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein, and Baden-Württemberg have a higher level of tourism development than the national average. These lands are characterised by a large number of tourist overnight stays, accommodation facilities, territorial concentrations, and a high intensity of tourism. The western German lands of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia have an average level of tourism development. These lands are characterised by high tourist arrivals and the number and capacity of accommodation facilities. However, due to the large area of these territories, they have low indicators of the territorial concentration of tourism activity. Hesse, Rhineland-Palatinate, Bremen, Saxony and Brandenburg have a lower level of tourism development than the German average. These regions are characterised by moderate tourism development indicators. The federal lands of Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia and Saarland have the lowest level of tourism development due to low volumes of tourist flows and low concentration of accommodation facilities. The German government has introduced several measures to support the tourism industry during the pandemic, including emergency financial assistance, grant support, a special loan program, tax measures, and short-term leave for businesses. It is known that higher tourism development indicators are typical for the lands with the highest level of social and economic development. Tourism is a factor that influences the economic development of both the country and individual federal states. Keywords: integral index of tourism development, Germany, tourism, tourist arrivals, federal state.

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Boelke, Mathias, Malena Bestehorn, Birgit Marchwald, et al. "First Isolation and Phylogenetic Analyses of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Lower Saxony, Germany." Viruses 11, no. 5 (2019): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11050462.

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Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is the most important tick-borne arboviral disease in Europe. Presently, the main endemic regions in Germany are located in the southern half of the country. Although recently, sporadic human TBE cases were reported outside of these known endemic regions. The detection and characterization of invading TBE virus (TBEV) strains will considerably facilitate the surveillance and assessment of this important disease. In 2018, ticks were collected by flagging in several locations of the German federal state of Lower Saxony where TBEV-infections in humans (diagnosed clinical TBE disease or detection of TBEV antibodies) were reported previously. Ticks were pooled according to their developmental stage and tested for TBEV-RNA by RT-qPCR. Five of 730 (0.68%) pools from Ixodes spp. ticks collected in the areas of “Rauher Busch” and “Barsinghausen/Mooshuette” were found positive for TBEV-RNA. Phylogenetic analysis of the whole genomes and E gene sequences revealed a close relationship between the two TBEV isolates, which cluster with a TBEV strain from Poland isolated in 1971. This study provides first data on the phylogeny of TBEV in the German federal state of Lower Saxony, outside of the known TBE endemic areas of Germany. Our results support the hypothesis of an east-west invasion of TBEV strains in Western Europe.

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Witzke, T. "A new aluminium chloride mineral from Oelsnitz near Zwickau, Saxony, Germany." Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte 1997, no. 7 (1997): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njmm/1997/1997/301.

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Belov, Vladislav. "Elections in Lower Saxony amid economic problems and energy crisis in Germany." Analytical papers of the Institute of Europe RAS, no. 4 (2022): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/analytics42320220512.

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Landtag elections were held in Lower Saxony on October 9, in which the SPD won by a few percent over the CDU. The opposition, Union 90/Greens and Alternative for Germany, strengthened their positions. The FDP barely crossed the 5% hurdle. The election campaign took place against the background of deteriorating German economy, deepening energy crisis and worsening geopolitical situation. The author analyzes the features of the past elections and prospects of a new governing coalition.

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30

Muller, Dieter. "Police Education in Road Traffic Law: Saxony, Germany." Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 72, no. 1 (1999): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032258x9907200107.

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31

Gunreben, M. "Dealing with soil threats in Lower Saxony, Germany." Land Degradation & Development 16, no. 6 (2005): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ldr.709.

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Brautzsch, Hans-Ulrich, and Birgit Schultz. "Auswirkungen des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns im Handwerk in Sachsen-Anhalt." Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik 67, no. 2 (2018): 125–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfwp-2018-0008.

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Abstract This paper examines the effects of the minimum wage introduction in Germany in 2015 on the skilled crafts sector in Saxony-Anhalt. Using novel survey data on the skilled crafts sector in Saxony-Anhalt, we examine three questions: (1) How many employees are affected by the minimum wage introduction in the skilled crafts sector in Saxony-Anhalt? (2) What are the effects of the minimum wage introduction? (3) How did firms react to wage increase? We find that about 8 % of all employees in the skilled crafts sector in Saxony-Anhalt are directly affected by the minimum wage introduction. A difference-in-difference estimation reveals no significant employment effects of the minimum wage introduction. We test for alternative adjustment strategies and observe a significant increase of output prices.

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Pott, Christian. "Plant fossils from the Wealden facies (Lower Cretaceous, Berriasian) of Tecklenburg, Westphalia, Germany." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 294, no. 2 (2019): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/2019/0854.

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While the Early Cretaceous flora of the English Wealden has been extensively revised in the last decades, the flora from the German Wealden is still in need of thorough revision. One major account on a flora from Duingen in the eastern Lower Saxony Basin (Niedersächsisches Becken) has been published a couple of years ago, but was covering freshly collected fossil material only. Here, a small flora from the southern margin of the Lower Saxony Basin is reported coming from Brochter-beck, a district of Tecklenburg, at the northern slopes of the Teutoburger Wald mountain range in Westphalia, Germany. The flora shows a slightly different composition compared to those of the 'classical' German Wealden: it is also characterised by remains of several delicate filmy ferns and cupressoid (taxodiaceous) conifers, but it is dominated by the presence of leaves of Nilssonia schaumburgensis, while other cycadophytes such as cycads and bennettites are entirely absent. One leaf reminiscent of a Ginkgo species was found as well. The relatively fine-grained sandstones of the rocks comprising the flora at Brochterbeck reflect a terrestrial deposit of the Wealden facies, which was deposited under deltaic freshwater conditions in brackish–limnic conditions in a humid, subtropical climate.

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Reim, Stefanie, Frank Lochschmidt, Anke Proft, Ute Tröber, and Heino Wolf. "Genetic structure and diversity in Juniperus communis populations in Saxony, Germany." Biodiversity Research and Conservation 42, no. 1 (2016): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biorc-2016-0008.

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Abstract In recent years, land use changes led to a rapid decline and fragmentation of J. communis populations in Germany. Population isolation may lead to a restricted gene flow and, further, to negative effects on genetic variation. In this study, genetic diversity and population structure in seven fragmented J. communis populations in Saxony, Germany, were investigated using nuclear microsatellites (nSSR) and chloroplast single nucleotide polymorphism (cpSNP). In all Saxony J. communis populations, a high genetic diversity was determined but no population differentiation could be detected whatever method was applied (Bayesian cluster analysis, F-statistics, AMOVA). The same was true for three J. communis out-group samples originating from Italy, Slovakia and Norway, which also showed high genetic diversity and low genetic differences regarding other J. communis populations. Low genetic differentiation among the J. communis populations ascertained with nuclear and chloroplast markers indicated high levels of gene flow by pollen and also by seeds between the sampled locations. Low genetic differentiation may also provide an indicator of Juniper survival during the last glacial maximum (LGM) in Europe. The results of this study serve as a basis for the implementation of appropriate conservation measures in Saxony.

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Weissbrot-Koziarska, Anna D., Inetta Nowosad, and Justyna Michniuk. "Ochrona kultury i języka Serbów łużyckich w Brandenburgii." Edukacja Międzykulturowa 21, no. 2 (2023): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/em.2023.02.04.

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Lusatian Serbs, also called Sorbs, are people living in Upper, Middle and Lower Lusatia. This small nation is a remnant of the Slavic settlement in East Germany (Brandenburg and Saxony). Lower Lusatia now lies in the state of Brandenburg, and Upper and Middle Lusatia in the Free State of Saxony. According to official data, in these areas there are approximately 50,000 – 60,000 Lusatian Serbs, of which it is assumed that two-thirds reside in Saxony and one-third in Brandenburg. The article draws attention to formal and legal issues aimed at protecting the culture and the Lower Sorbian language. The analyses carried out concern the general provisions of the European Union, Germany and more detailed guidelines adopted in Brandenburg. Legal acts are important formal means of protection, the effectiveness of which is expressed by the way of practice. Unfortunately, in Brandenburg, many of the existing regulations have no proper effect on everyday life or are distorted. The article is an attempt to identify the assumptions with the implementation, to recognize the limitations, but also to discuss the directions of improving the existing state.

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Hofmann, Felix Martin, Edward Olawumi, Martina Michaelis, Friedrich Hofmann, and Ulrich Stößel. "Challenges in Infection Epidemiology: On the Underreporting of Norovirus Gastroenteritis Cases in Germany." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (2020): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010314.

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It is commonly accepted that the number of officially reported incidences of norovirus (NoV) according to the German Protection against Infection Act (Infektionsschutzgesetz) does not reflect the ‘true’ incidence of NoV in Germany. This study aims to reveal the reasons for the underreporting of NoV cases by comparing secondary data. Methods: NoV incidence (cases per 100,000 reference persons) in the age group 18–65 was derived from register data of four different sources in the German public health system (2011–2015): Statutory health insurance in the federal state of Lower Saxony (AOK; in- and outpatient cases), the Research Institute of Ambulatory Health Care in Germany (ZI; outpatient cases), the German Federal Statistical Office (inpatient cases; DESTATIS), and the Robert Koch Institute (RKI SurvStat; health reporting data). Results: the incidence derived from the AOK in Lower Saxony varied between 49 and 66 NoV cases per 100,000 persons and was thus lower than at the federal level. Incidences of all inpatient and outpatient data were lower than the incidence according to the RKI in the last 2–3 years of the observation period. Conclusions: the disagreement between NoV incidences calculated from secondary inpatient and outpatient data and the respective numbers published by the RKI can be regarded as an indication that not all NoV cases were reported to public health authorities. This might be due to missed cases during the notification procedure or misclassification of gastroenteritis cases by general practitioners. Considering the limitations associated with analyzing secondary data, the appropriateness of these assumptions should be verified in future studies.

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MÜLLER, T., B. G. KLUPP, C. FREULING, et al. "Characterization of pseudorabies virus of wild boar origin from Europe." Epidemiology and Infection 138, no. 11 (2010): 1590–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268810000361.

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SUMMARYPseudorabies virus (PrV) infections appear to be more widely distributed in the European wild boar (Sus scrofa) population than assumed. In Europe, attempts to isolate and characterize the causative agents have been limited so far. We therefore collected and examined a total of 35 PrV isolates obtained from wild boar or hunting dogs in Germany, France, Spain, Italy, Slovakia and Hungary between 1993 and 2008. Restriction enzyme analysis of genomic DNA using BamHI showed that all isolates, except one, belonged to genogroup I but different subtypes were evident. For further investigations of the phylogenetic relationships, a 732-bp fragment of the glycoprotein C (gC) gene was amplified by PCR. Sequence analysis revealed about 40 variant positions within this fragment. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences supported the separation into a clade containing isolates from North-Rhine Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany), France and Spain (clade B) and an apparently more variable clade comprising isolates from Brandenburg, Baden-Wurttemberg, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt (Germany), Slovakia, Hungary, Italy and France (clade A).

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Kern, Ivana, Olaf Schoffer, Thomas Richter, et al. "Current and projected incidence trends of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease in Germany based on the Saxon Pediatric IBD Registry 2000–2014 –a 15-year evaluation of trends." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (2022): e0274117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274117.

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Aims An increasing number of children and adolescents worldwide suffer from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The present work aims to investigate the incidence, prevalence and future trends of IBD in children and adolescents in Saxony, Germany. Methods The Saxon Pediatric IBD Registry collected data on patients up to 15 years of age from all 31 pediatric hospitals and pediatric gastroenterologists in Saxony over a 15-year period (2000–2014). In 2019, an independent survey estimated a registry completeness of 95.7%. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) per 100,000 person-years (PY) and prevalence per 100,000 children and adolescents were calculated. Evaluation was also been performed in sex and age subgroups. Joinpoint and Poisson regression were used for trend analyses and projections. Results 532 patients with confirmed IBD during 2000–2014 were included in the epidemiological evaluation. 63.5% (n = 338) patients had CD, 33.1% (n = 176) had UC and 3.4% (n = 18) had unclassified IBD (IBD-U). The 15-year IBD prevalence was 111.8 [95%-CI: 102.3–121.3] per 100,000. The incidence ASR of IBD per 100,000 PY over the whole observation period was 7.5 [6.9–8.1]. ASR for the subtypes were 4.8 [4.3–5.3] for CD, 2.5 [2.1–2.9] for UC and 0.3 [0.1–0.4] for IBD-U. The trend analysis of ASR using the joinpoint regression confirmed a significant increase for incidence of IBD as well as CD. For IBD, the ASR per 100,000 PY increased from 4.6 [2.8–6.3] in 2000 to 8.2 [7.5–13.6] in 2014; projected incidence rates for IBD in Germany are 12.9 [6.5–25.5] in the year 2025 and 14.9 [6.7–32.8] in 2030, respectively. Thus, the number of new IBD diagnoses in Germany would more than triple (325%) in 2030 compared to 2000. The increase is expected to be faster in CD than UC, and be more in males than in females. The expected number of newly diagnosed children with IBD in Germany is projected to rise to about 1,584 [1,512–1,655] in 2025, and to about 1,918 [1,807–2,29] in 2030. Conclusion The incidence of IBD in children and adolescents in Saxony increased at a similar rate as in other developed countries during the observation period. Given this trend, the health care system must provide adequate resources for the care of these young patients in the future.

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Hrudey, Ilona, Annemarie Minow, Svenja Walter, Stefanie March, Enno Swart, and Christoph Stallmann. "Regional Utilization of Preventive Services in the 55-Plus Age Group: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study." JMIR Research Protocols 11, no. 1 (2022): e33512. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/33512.

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Background In Germany, the proportion of people with chronic diseases and multimorbidity is increasing. To counteract the emergence and worsening of age-related conditions, there is a need for preventive care structures and measures. The preventive services that are financed by statutory health insurance (SHI; eg, vaccinations, cancer screening) are only used by part of the German population. There are no current findings about the utilization of these services by older adults in the eastern German federal state of Saxony-Anhalt, which is particularly strongly affected by demographic change. Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the actual utilization and determinants of, reasons for, and barriers to utilization of preventive services financed by the SHI in Saxony-Anhalt in the 55-plus age group. Methods In this study, a convergent mixed methods design is used. The actual use of preventive services will be shown by means of (1) a claims data analysis looking at data on statutory outpatient medical care from both the Central Research Institute of Ambulatory Health Care in Germany (Zi) and the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists in Saxony-Anhalt (KZV LSA). The determinants, attitudes, and behaviors associated with use will be analyzed through (2) a cross-sectional survey as well as (3) qualitative data from semistructured interviews with residents of Saxony-Anhalt and from focus group discussions with physicians. (4) A stock take and systematic evaluation of digitally available informational material on colorectal cancer screening, by way of example, provides an insight into the information available as well as its quality. The conceptual framework of the study is the behavioral model of health services use by Andersen et al (last modified in 2014). Results (1) The Zi and KZV LSA are currently preparing the requested claims data. (2) The survey was carried out from April 2021 to June 2021 in 2 urban and 2 rural municipalities (encompassing a small town and surrounding area) in Saxony-Anhalt. In total, 3665 people were contacted, with a response rate of 25.84% (n=954). (3) For the semistructured interviews, 18 participants from the 4 different study regions were recruited in the same period. A total of 4 general practitioners and 3 medical specialists participated in 2 focus group discussions. (4) For the systematic evaluation of existing informational material on colorectal cancer screening, 37 different informational materials were identified on the websites of 16 health care actors. Conclusions This study will provide current and reliable data on the use of preventive services in the 55-plus age group in Saxony-Anhalt. It will yield insights into the determinants, reasons, and barriers associated with their utilization. The results will reveal the potential for preventive measures and enable concrete recommendations for action for the target population of the study. Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00024059; https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00024059 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/33512

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Möller, Carla, and Jörg Mutterlose. "Middle Hauterivian biostratigraphy and palaeoceanography of the Lower Saxony Basin (Northwest Germany)." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 165, no. 4 (2014): 501–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2014/0084.

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Tietz, Olaf, and Jörg Büchner. "Abundant in-situ zircon megacrysts in Cenozoic basaltic rocks in Saxony, Germany." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 158, no. 2 (2007): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2007/0158-0201.

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Czuba, Izabela. "Niemiecka polityka zdrowia publicznego w okresie pandemii COVID-19. Widziane z perspektywy Dolnej Saksonii." Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie 18, no. 1 (2020): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20842627oz.20.006.12660.

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Due to the federal system in Germany, we find different forms of organization of healthcare in each of 16 federal states. In addition to the federal law being in force in all German states, there are state laws that only apply in a given state. The federal, state and local government institutions as well as their competences, functions and tasks will be described in the context of the Covid-19 epidemic. The statistical data from the federal states, particulary of the state of Lower Saxony, allow to observe the differences in the intensity of the spread of coronavirus infection cases, cures and death rate. The document “Lower Saxony everyday life in the context of Covid 19” is indicating a gradual exit from lockdown. Information about assistance measures, but also restrictions, bans and general rules as well as a reflection on social reactions, habits and moods will complete the whole picture.

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Massanek, Andreas, and Christina Seifert. "German Minerals in the Krügerhaus, A New Permanent Exhibition in Freiberg, Saxony, Germany." Rocks & Minerals 88, no. 3 (2013): 212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.2013.777607.

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Flockerzie, Lawrence J. "State-Building and Nation-Building in the “Third Germany”: Saxony after the Congress of Vienna." Central European History 24, no. 2-3 (1991): 268–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000893890001904x.

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In a recent article on state-building in the “Third Germany” during the Rheinbund years, Hans Schmitt noted the “degrees of variation” that were to be found in the tempo, structure, and results of government reform programs among the German states. This variety stemmed not only from the uneven penetration of French influence, but also from the different historical conditions and levels of political development pertaining in each state. Schmitt concluded part of his analysis by pointing out that this variety which so characterized state-building between 1806 and 1813 continued after the fall of Napoleon and the unravelling of the Rheinbund. The multiplicity of state-building programs and agendas in Germany during the Restoration era confirms this assertion. For the monarchs of states such as Bavaria, Württemberg, Baden, and Nassau, the end of the French Imperium was an opportunity—under the new auspices of the German Confederation—to continue the integration of new territories and subjects via bureaucratic centralization and experimentation with constitutional models.

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Rau, Janine, Katharina Köchling, Mandy Schäfer, et al. "Viral RNA in Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) Collected between 2019 and 2021 in Germany." Viruses 15, no. 12 (2023): 2298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15122298.

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Due to globalisation and climate change, mosquito-borne pathogens are emerging in new areas on all continents, including Europe, which has recently faced outbreaks of dengue, chikungunya and West Nile fever. The present study complements previous investigations to evaluate the circulation of mosquito-borne viruses in Germany, with the aim of identifying potential vector species and risk areas. Mosquitoes collected from 2019 to 2021 and identified to species or species group level were screened for viruses of the families Flaviviridae, Peribunyaviridae and the genus Alphavirus of the family Togaviridae. In total, 22,528 mosquitoes were examined, thus providing the most comprehensive study on West Nile virus (WNV) circulation so far in the German mosquito population. Usutu virus (USUV) RNA was detected in six samples, Sindbis virus (SINV) RNA in 21 samples and WNV RNA in 11 samples. Samples containing RNA of USUV and WNV consisted of mosquitoes collected in the East German federal states of Brandenburg, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt, while samples with RNA of SINV originated from more widespread locations. Although minimum infection rates have remained relatively low, the intensity of virus circulation appears to be increasing compared to previous studies. Continuous mosquito screening contributes to the early detection of the introduction and spread of mosquito-borne pathogens.

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FISCHER, CLAUS, and WILKO H. AHLRICHS. "Cephalodella ungulata n.sp. (Monogononta: Notommatidae), a new rotifer species from North-West Germany, with notes on C. tenuiseta (Burn, 1890)." Zootaxa 1378, no. 1 (2006): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1378.1.4.

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We here describe a new rotifer species Cephalodella ungulata n.sp. from North-West Germany. This species was found in a pH-neutral ditch near Leer (Lower Saxony, Germany) in November 2005. It resembles C. tenuiseta (Burn, 1890), especially its variation americana Donner, 1950. This description is based on light and electron microscopy of both the whole specimen and its trophi.

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Baranowski, Shelley, and Claus-Christian W. Szejnmann. "Nazism in Central Germany: The Brownshirts in "Red" Saxony." German Studies Review 23, no. 3 (2000): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1432859.

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Matthes, Heidrun, Corinna Kroner, Thomas Jahr, and Horst Kämpf. "Geophysical modelling of the Ebersbrunn diatreme, western Saxony, Germany." Near Surface Geophysics 8, no. 4 (2010): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/1873-0604.2010020.

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Grill, Johnpeter Horst. "Nazism in Central Germany: The Brownshirts in “Red Saxony”." History: Reviews of New Books 28, no. 1 (1999): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.1999.10527751.

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Franke, J., V. Goldberg, U. Eichelmann, E. Freydank, and C. Bernhofer. "Statistical analysis of regional climate trends in Saxony, Germany." Climate Research 27 (2004): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/cr027145.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Saxony (Germany)'

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