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Strand, Simon. "SCADA-system till Unnefors sågverk." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-96319.
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Södra Timber AB är ett företag som ägs av nordens ca 35 000 skogsägare. Företaget tar hand om nersågat skog som fraktas till nått av Södra Timber AB:s 10 sågverk. Här tar de hand om timret och tillverkar virkesråvara, trävaror och biobränsle. Sågverket önskar att till sitt timmerintaget skaffa sig ett SCADA-system ( Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition). Detta är ett övervakningssystem som kan styra och övervaka produktionen. Ett SCADA-system kan t.ex användas för att styra motorer och avläsa mätvärden som förekommer i produktion. På dataskärmen kan man få uppgifter som ström, spänning, effekt eller om motorn håller på att gå sönder. Med hjälp av ett SCADA-system skulle man med lätthet hitta. t.ex. motorer som gått sönder eller en fotocell som gått sönder och på så vis stoppa linjen innan något händer. På det viset sparar man både tid och pengar. Syftet med detta examensprojekt var att jämföra olika SCADA-system. Jämförelsen gjordes med avseende på pris, prestanda och möjligheter att bygga ut systemet mm Resultatet blev ett dokument med information om bla. SCADA-systemens priser, möjligheter till support och uppgraderings möjligheter till utbyggnad av systemen. Resultatet av detta examensprojekt ger ej tillräckligt underlag för att bedöma vilket av de 3 undersökta SCADA-systemen som är bäst för Unnefors sågverk. För att kunna utvärdera det skulle man behöva mer tid till arbetet.
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Appelgren, Filiph. "Power System Software Development : with possible SCADA System Integration." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-233233.
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In order for power system operators (such as TRANSCO) to maintain and operatethe transmission grid in a safe, secure and effcient way, automatic tools such asSCADA systems is necessary to meet demand at all times. The main purpose of thisthesis was to develop a software/prototype at the load despatch centre at TRANSCOwith the ability to monitor and communicate with power plants. The software issupposed to work in a real-time electronic market. The power plant operators candeclare their availability and capability parameters of their generating and producingunits to TRANSCO and LDC operators can send load despatch instructions to thepower plants (such as load changes and other ancillary instructions). The prototypealso has a compliance monitoring application that validates unit outputs againstdespatched instructions. If the output is outside a specific interval, a transgressionwarning is sent to the power plant informing them that they should adjust their unitoutput against the target load. If further transgression is continued, the operator atLDC can re-declare the units availability on the power plants behalf and issue a newload despatch instruction to the unit. The re-declared availability level will be valid allthe way back to when the unit issued the last availability declaration.The software was successfully developed and could perform all tasks that it wassupposed to in a satisfactory way. In order to make the development as sufficient andeffective as possible, a "dummy" power plant was created and was used to simulateunit outputs and plant operator behaviour. As the time was too short, the SCADAintegration was never investigated and was left to whom is taken over after this thesishas ended.
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Duisembiyeva, Akzharkyn. "Automated security analysis of a SCADA system." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286336.
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Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) is a computer system for analysing, and monitoring data, as well as, controlling a plant in industries such as power grids, oil, gas refining, and water control. SCADA belongs to the category of critical systems that are needed to maintain the infrastructure of cities and households. Therefore, the security aspect of such a system has a significant role. The early SCADA systems were designed with the operation as the primary concern rather than security since they were a monolithic networked system without external access. However, the systems evolved, and SCADA systems were embedded with web technologies for users to monitor the data externally. These changes improved the efficiency of monitoring and productivity; however, this caused a problem of potential cyber-attacks to a SCADA system. One such example was Ukraine’s power grid blackout in 2015. Therefore, it is beneficial for the security of a SCADA system to create a threat modeling technique that can understand the critical components of SCADA, discover potential threats, and propose possible mitigation strategies. One issue when creating a threat model is the significant difference of SCADA from traditional Operational Technology (OT) systems. Another significant issue is that SCADA is a highly customisable system, and each SCADA instance can have different components. Therefore, for this work, we implemented a threat modeling language scadaLang, which is specific to the domain of a SCADA system. We started by defining the major assets of a SCADA system, attackers, entry surfaces, and built attacks and defense strategies. Then we developed a threat modeling domain-specific language scadaLang that can create a threat model for a particular instance of SCADA taking the differences in components and connections into account. As a result, we achieved a threat modeling language for SCADA, ensured the reliability of the results by peer-reviewing of an engineer familiar with the domain of the problem, and proposed a Turing test to ensure the validity of the result of scadaLang as the future development of the project.Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) är ett datorsystem för att analysera och monitorera data samt kontrollera anläggningar för industrier såsom energisystem, olja, raffinering av gas och vatten. SCADA tillhör den kategori av kritiska system som krävs för att bibehålla städer och hushålls infrastruktur. Därför är säkerhetsaspekten av ett sådant system av stor roll. De tidiga SCADA systemen var utformade med funktionen som huvudsaklig oro istället för säkerheten då de var monolitiska nätverkssystem utan extern åtkomst. Systemen utvecklades emellertid och SCADA systemen blev inbyggda med webbteknologier så att användare kan monitorera data externt. De här förändringarna förbättrade effektiviteten av monitorering och produktivitet men skapade problemet med potentiella cyber-attacker mot SCADA systemen. Ett sådant exempel är Ukrainas energy systems elavbrott som skedde 2015. Därför är det fördelaktigt för säkerheten av SCADA systemen att skapa en hotmodelleringsteknik för att bättre förstå de kritiska komponenterna av SCADA, hitta potentiella hot och föreslå potentiella förmildrande strategier. Ett problem för utvecklingen av en hotmodell är den stora skillnaden mellan SCADA från traditionella nätverkssystem inom industri. Ett annat stort problem är att SCADA är ett justerbart system och varje SCADA instans kan ha olika komponenter. Därför utvecklar vi i detta arbete ett språk för hotmodellering scadaLang som är specifikt för domänen SCADA system. Vi började med att definiera de huvudsakliga komponenterna av SCADA system, angriparna, attack ytorna och även bygga attacker samt försvarsstrategier. Sen utvecklade vi ett språk för hotmodelleringen som är domänspecifikt, scadaLang som kan skapa en hotmodell för en specifik instans av SCADA där skillnaderna på komponenter och sammankopplingar tas till hänsyn. Som resultat har vi skapat ett språk för hotmodellering för SCADA,verifierat resultat med hjälp av en ingenjör med domänkännedom och föreslagit ett Turing test för att förbättra verifieringen av resultatet som ett framtida arbete.
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Xu, Hao. "WINCC SCADA system via profibus & OPC." Thesis, Xu, Hao (2013) WINCC SCADA system via profibus & OPC. Other thesis, Murdoch University, 2013. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/21651/.
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Over 1500 hours' effort were put into this intensive project with 6 weeks prior to the commencing date of the project to meet the objectives and requirements of the project. During this project, all the available devices, instruments including their configuration software were properly configured with all the expected features fully functioning. This thesis report summaries most of the work done with a reasonably detailed level to support future students with a comprehensive background to develop the project aspects in the future.
A comprehensive SCADA system was designed and implemented using the configured devices and the control modules in the laboratory. The network structure of the control system was relatively large, but indeed demonstrated the capability of the automation system.
Profibus communication networks in the laboratory were carefully designed and fully set up with proper labels, which would then be used as an education tool to gain the experience of industrial communication by the students.
Over 500 pages of configuration manuals of devices and configuration software were created as a large part of the focus of this project. The configuration manuals contain a huge range of information which covers more than what students need during their study. Those manuals are expected to guide students for their projects and troubleshooting.
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Kabore, Raogo. "Hybrid deep neural network anomaly detection system for SCADA networks." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IMTA0190.
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Les systèmes SCADA sont de plus en plus ciblés par les cyberattaques en raison de nombreuses vulnérabilités dans le matériel, les logiciels, les protocoles et la pile de communication. Ces systèmes utilisent aujourd'hui du matériel, des logiciels, des systèmes d'exploitation et des protocoles standard. De plus, les systèmes SCADA qui étaient auparavant isolés sont désormais interconnectés aux réseaux d'entreprise et à Internet, élargissant ainsi la surface d'attaque. Dans cette thèse, nous utilisons une approche deep learning pour proposer un réseau de neurones profonds hybride efficace pour la détection d'anomalies dans les systèmes SCADA. Les principales caractéristiques des données SCADA sont apprises de manière automatique et non supervisée, puis transmises à un classificateur supervisé afin de déterminer si ces données sont normales ou anormales, c'est-à-dire s'il y a une cyber-attaque ou non. Par la suite, en réponse au défi dû au temps d’entraînement élevé des modèles deep learning, nous avons proposé une approche distribuée de notre système de détection d'anomalies afin de réduire le temps d’entraînement de notre modèleSCADA systems are more and more targeted by cyber-attacks because of many vulnerabilities inhardware, software, protocols and the communication stack. Those systems nowadays use standard hardware, software, operating systems and protocols. Furthermore, SCADA systems which used to be air-gaped are now interconnected to corporate networks and to the Internet, widening the attack surface.In this thesis, we are using a deep learning approach to propose an efficient hybrid deep neural network for anomaly detection in SCADA systems. The salient features of SCADA data are automatically and unsupervisingly learnt, and then fed to a supervised classifier in order to dertermine if those data are normal or abnormal, i.e if there is a cyber-attack or not. Afterwards, as a response to the challenge caused by high training time of deep learning models, we proposed a distributed approach of our anomaly detection system in order lo lessen the training time of our model
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Khan, Ahsan Al Zaki. "Intrusion Detection System Design and Performance Evaluation for SCADA Networks." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1575950415516331.
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Farde, Andreas, and Carl Svinge. "SCADA-system för mindre företag - en inkörsport till Industri 4.0." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar produktionsutveckling (ML), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-255833.
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Den digitala fabriken behöver inte kräva stora investeringar och fördelarna är stora för företag som vill öka sin konkurrenskraft. Med hjälp av den digitala fabriken kan man utveckla varje enskild process eller hela fabriken samt övervaka sin produktion med större precision. Syftet med detta arbete var hur en digitaliserad fabrik kan öka konkurrenskraften, vilka resurser som krävs för att digitalisera och vilka problem som kan uppstå när man digitaliserar. Arbetet har byggts på en specifik studie hos ett litet företag med en redan framtagen prototyp som vidareutvecklades och installerades i ett skapat nätverkssystem med syfte att meddela tillståndet fabriken eller tillverkningsmaskinerna befinner sig i. Studien har gått ut på att jämföra nyckeltal (KPI:er) som är mätta manuellt och automatiskt. De manuellt mätta nyckeltalen samlades in via en framtagen mall, och de automatiska mätta nyckeltalen samlades in via en prototyp som omfattade en RAPID SCADA implementation. Detta för att praktiskt få en uppfattning över vad skillnaden och fördelen är mellan att mäta nyckeltal manuellt eller mäta det automatiskt. KPI:erna som tas fram är baserade på OEE, men det lyfts även fram att utvecklingen till andra viktiga mätvärden kan tas fram från denna grund. Systemet som är framtaget är flexibelt nog för att kunna ses som ett enkelt verktyg att använda för att skräddarsy en lösning som passar hos varje enskild SME. Arbetet visar att digitalisering inte nödvändigtvis måste kräva stora investeringar eller hög kompetens. Det som kan vara bekymmersamt för ett mindre företag är däremot tiden som kan behövas läggas ner för att förstå varför och hur systemet ska byggas då personal kan vara en bristvara.The digital industry does not need a huge investment and the advantages are many for companies that wants to gain competitiveness. With the implementation of a digital factory you can develop each process or the whole factory and at the same time monitor the production with greater precision. The reason for this study is how a digital factory can improve their competitiveness, what resources are necessary and which problems are likely to occur and how to solve them. The study has taken place at a specific small industry with an already established prototype that was further developed and installed in a created network system with purpose to communicate the status of the factory or each single machine. The study's main focus has been to compare manually taken key performance indicators through a form, and automatically taken key performance indicators from the digital system with the help of the prototype which included a RAPID SCADA implementation. This is for practical enlightenment over the difference between a manually and an automatic system and which one to prefer. The KPI:s are based on OEE, but it also highlight that the development to other measurement tools can easily be achieved from this base. The system that has beencreated are flexible and adaptable to be used as a tailor fit solution that most SME can use. The study shows that an implementation of a digital solution does not necessarily need huge means of investments or high personal competence. The worrying part from the perspective of a smaller company is the time it takes to learn why and how the system should be built.
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Yuxiang, Yang, Dang Xiaoyu, and Zhou Tingxian. "PROPOSAL OF POLLED-CSMA PROTOCOL FOR AN AD HOC SCADA SYSTEM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606484.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 23-26, 2000 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaIn this paper we introduce an ad hoc distributed supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system, which covers two types of traffic, a small number of slave stations with stream traffic and much larger number of slave stations with burst traffic. To improve the system’s real-time transmission and channel allocation efficiency, a MAC scheme, named Polled-CSMA, is designed by integrating the merits of polling and CSMA protocols. Extensive analysis shows that this MAC protocol meets the system’s QOS requirements.
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Aykac, Emel Sinem. "Development Of A Scada Control System For A Weighing And Bagging Machine." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611857/index.pdf.
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In this thesis study, a prototype is designed in order to improve the weighing
accuracy of the weighing and packaging machine that used in sugar factories. The
unavoidable factory conditions cause weighing and packaging machine to do
weighing errors. In order to correct these errors, the prototype produced in this study
was designed as a quality control unit which will take the excess sugar and fill the
deficient sugar in the sacks. Because of being small and having an easy installation,
the application of the prototype was done considering 1-kilogram bags rather than
available 50-kilogram ones.
So as to correct the faulty weighing, sugar extraction and filling processes are
provided from a bunker which is designed on the basis of data obtained by statistical
analysis. For suction, vacuum is used and filling is realized by a ball valve. Upwards
and downwards movement of the bunker is carried out with a pneumatic cylinder.
Weighing information is received via a load cell and an indicator. Control of all these
devices is provided by PLC hardware and SCADA interface.
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Bragagni, Cristiano. "Progettazione di uno strumento di analisi dati per sistemi SCADA-ENERGY Management System." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7927/.
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L’obiettivo di questa tesi è approfondire le competenze sulle funzionalità sviluppate nei sistemi SCADA/EMS presenti sul mercato, così da conoscerne le potenzialità offerte: tutte le conoscenze acquisite servono a progettare uno strumento di analisi dati flessibile e interattivo, con il quale è possibile svolgere analisi non proponibili con le altre soluzioni analizzate. La progettazione dello strumento di analisi dei dati è orientata a definire un modello multidimensionale per la rappresentazione delle informazioni: il percorso di progettazione richiede di individuare le informazioni d’interesse per l’utente, così da poterle reintrodurre in fase di progettazione della nuova base dati. L’infrastruttura finale di questa nuova funzionalità si concretizza in un data warehouse: tutte le informazioni di analisi sono memorizzare su una base dati diversa da quella di On.Energy, evitando di correlare le prestazione dei due diversi sottosistemi. L’utilizzo di un data warehouse pone le basi per realizzare analisi su lunghi periodi temporali: tutte le tipologie di interrogazione dati comprendono un enorme quantità d’informazioni, esattamente in linea con le caratteristiche delle interrogazioni OLAP
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Woodard, Chris. "Rise SCADA and electrical system: A report pertaining to the condition and serviceability of the electrical and SCADA systems of the former RISE facility." Thesis, Woodard, Chris (2013) Rise SCADA and electrical system: A report pertaining to the condition and serviceability of the electrical and SCADA systems of the former RISE facility. Other thesis, Murdoch University, 2013. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/14809/.
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The former Research Institute for Sustainable Energy (RISE) testing laboratory was originally a facility for measuring, monitoring and testing a variety of renewable energy systems. The RISE facility was independent of the School of Engineering and Energy, but has recently been taken over by the School as the Engineering and Energy Laboratory.
Many of the systems associated with the laboratory have not been operated for a number of years and the condition of these systems, and the equipment that is associated with them, is not known. Personnel involved with the former RISE facility have since left Murdoch taking with them their knowledge of the facility.
This project was primarily concerned with re-commissioning these systems and developing an operational knowledge of the SCADA based control system. Areas to be covered in particular were:
• connections to the grid from PV arrays and wind turbines
• PLC system and software
• inverters, solar array simulator, environmental chamber and other peripheral equipment
• power supplies such as the diesel generator, motor generator set and battery banks
• 3 phase permanently connected power monitors
• AC and DC electrical systems
Initial inspections of the electrical systems showed that two key components of the facility were found to be defective and would need to be rectified if the facility was to function properly. These components were the diesel generator which provided electricity totally independent of the grid for testing purposes, and a fault on the PLC which was affecting the operation of the electrical systems. Also several main pieces of equipment had since been removed from the facility; most notably of these being the battery banks, main test inverter and the DC supply from the wind turbines located in what is now known as the Renewable Energy Outdoor Test Area (ROTA). Several pieces of equipment required for the operation of the diesel generator would also require attention such as the fuel tank and starting battery.
Approval was granted for the alternator to be repaired and placed back into service. Approval was also granted for the purchase of a replacement analogue input card to rectify the fault with the PLC.
In addition to this another requirement of the project was to develop a system so that the laboratory could be used as a training facility for future students. A procedure was developed so that an electrical system consisting of actual real components; a source, a transmission and distribution system and a load could be simulated. Software was also developed using National Instruments LabVIEW software to monitor and record various power parameters from the system. The system is referred to as the “Small Electrical Distribution System”.
As an aside to this a program has been developed that monitors and records voltage, current and power that is being produced by the Real PV Array located on the roof of the Energy and Engineering Laboratory building.
For someone who is unfamiliar with the setup of the electrical systems that make up the Energy and Engineering Laboratory a simplified block diagram of the Main AC switchboard has been produced. Schedules have been included of all socket inlets and outlets, main AC and communications cables and the Main AC Switchboard nomenclature.
The diesel generator is nearly ready to be re-commissioned after approximately 5 years of non use. Procedures have been developed so that a user can configure the Main AC switchboard so that the “Small Electrical Distribution System” can be operated safely and measurements obtained and analysed.
The main goal of the project was to get the diesel generator operating; therefore this report is focused on the equipment associated with the diesel generator. The equipment focused on was the diesel generator itself, the Main AC Switchboard, the Load Bank and the PLC system. Systems such as the Main DC switchboard and Solar Array Simulator were not covered in as much detail as they are not required for the “Small Electrical Distribution System”.
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GADRÉ, ISABELLE, and JENS-MARTIN VACKERBERG. "Predicting the rate of adoption of IT/OT integration in the Swedish electricity grid system." Thesis, KTH, Hållbarhet och industriell dynamik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-198675.
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Due to the increasing threat of global warming, today’s grid system faces large changes and challenges as more renewable sources are being implemented in the grid. In order to handle these changes and secure future distribution, new technologies and components are necessary. This study investigates the innovation – IT/OT integration and its rate of adoption among potential adopters – Distribution System Operators. Based upon 8 expert interviews, 19 interviews with Swedish DSOs and literature, the study has concluded the following: - Increased micro production in the Swedish electricity grid system is the main drivers for IT/OT integration. IT Security and Swedish Energy Market Inspectorates current pricing model are two of the main inhibitors for IT/OT integration. - Key factors, such as perceived attributes of the innovation and business transformation speed are of high importance when analyzing rate of adoption. - Medium-sized DSOs with high ambition are likely to adopt before other customer segments. Thus, they are potential target customers for suppliers, such as Ericsson. The thesis contributes to literature by providing research of a technical innovation within a complex market. Future research of interest is to apply similar methodology for predicting rate of adoption of IT/OT integration in other nations, since drivers and regulations might differ.Det ökade hotet från klimatförändringar har medfört att dagens elnätssystem står inför stora förändringar och utmaningar då allt fler förnyelsebara källor implementeras i elnätet. För att hantera denna förändring och säkra framtidens eldistribution krävs att ny teknik och nya komponenter implementeras i elnätet. Denna rapport undersöker innovationen - IT/OT integration och hur denna sprids bland potentiella kunder – elnätsdistributörer. Baserat på 8 expertintervjuer, 19 intervjuer med svenska elnätsdistributörer och litteratur har studien kommit fram till följande slutsatser: - Ökad mikroproduktion i det svenska elnätet är den främsta drivaren för IT/OT integration. IT säkerhet och Energimarknadsinspektionens nuvarande regleringsmodell är idag två av de främsta barriärerna för IT/OT integration. - Huvudfaktorer, så som förväntade uppfattningen av innovationen och företags omvandlingshastighet är av stor betydelse för att uppskatta spridningshastigheten av innovationen. - Mellanstora DSOer med höga ambitioner kommer troligast ta till sig tekniken tidigare än andra kundsegment och bör därför vara potentiell målgrupp för leverantörer, så som Ericsson. Rapporten bidrar till forskningen genom att en teknisk innovation analyserats i en komplex marknad. Vidare undersökningar som kan genomföras är att applicera motsvarande metodik för estimera spridningen av IT/OT integration i andra länder, då drivare och regleringar där kan skilja sig från Sverige.
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Hart, Dennis. "An approach to vulnerability assessment for Navy Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FHart.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, Sept. 2004.Thesis advisor(s): Cynthia E. Irvine, Karen Burke. Includes bibliographical references (p. 161-162). Also available online.
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Isacson, Jonas. "Network Interconnectivity Prediction from SCADA System Data : A Case Study in the Wastewater Industry." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-255812.
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Increased strain on incumbent wastewater distribution networks originating from population increases as well as climate change calls for enhanced resource utilization. Accurately being able to predict network interconnectivity is vital within the wastewater industry to enable operational management strategies that optimizes the performance of the wastewater system. In this thesis, an evaluation of the network interconnectivity prediction performance of two machine learning models, the multilayer perceptron (MLP) and the support vector machine (SVM), utilizing supervisory control and dataacquisition (SCADA) system data for a wastewater system is presented. Results of the thesis imply that the MLP achieves the best predictions of the network interconnectivity. The thesis concludes that the MLP is the superior model and that the highest achievable network interconnectivity accuracy is 56% which is attained by the MLP model.Den ökade påfrestningen på nuvarande avloppsnät till följd av befolkningstillväxt och klimatförändringar medför att det finns behov för optimerad resursförbrukning. Att korrekt kunna predicera ett avloppsnät är önskvärt då det möjliggör för effektivitetshöjande operativ förvaltning av avloppssystemet. I denna avhandling evalueras hur väl två maskininlärningsmodeller kan predicera nätverketssammankoppling med data från ett system för övervakning och kontroll av data (SCADA) genererat av ett avloppsnätverk. De två modellerna som testas är en multilagersperceptron (MLP) och en stödvektormaskin (SVM). Resultaten av avhandlingen visar på att MLP modellen uppnår den bästa prediktionen av nätverketssammankoppling. Avhandlingen konkluderar att MLP modellen är den bästa modellen för att predicera nätverkets sammankoppling samt att den högsta nåbara korrektheten var 56% vilket uppnåddes av MLP modellen.
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Grobler, Frederik Antonie. "The development of harmonic content and quality of electricity supply measuring system incorporating scada processing." Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/61.
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Thesis (D.Tech (Engineering Electrical)) - Central University of Technology, Free State, 2005When Thomas Edison invented his carbon filament lamp in 1879, gas shares fell overnight. A committee of inquiry was set up to examine the future possibilities of the new method of lighting, and had reached the conclusion that electric light in the home was fanciful and absurd. Today electric light burns in practically every house in the civilised world, with many great advances in the production and use of electricity and electric power supplied by various utilities. The objective of the electric utility to deliver pure sinusoidal voltage at fairly constant magnitude throughout their system is complicated by the fact that there are currently loads on the system that produce harmonic voltages, which result in distorted voltages and currents that can adversely impact on the system performance in different ways. Because the numbers of harmonic producing loads have increased over the years, it has become necessary to address their influence, when making any additions or changes to an installation. Quality of supply measurements have long been used to characterise non-linearity on the power system, and have traditionally been measured with expensive portable analysers. A potentially faster, more integrated, and more flexible solution to measure the harmonics with a Supervisory System is accomplished by this research. Any script which aspired to cover in full detail the whole field of a subject so enormous as techniques to measure the quality of electricity supply on a SCADA system, would hardly be practical in less than a few volumes. The pretensions of this research are both modest and of a more immediate value to the reader.
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Albiol, Graullera Pablo. "Architecture Design and Interoperability Analysisof a SCADA System for the Power Network Control and Management." Thesis, KTH, Mekatronik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217798.
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SCADA-system (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) har under de senaste decennierna använts i stor utsträckning, med utmärkta resultat för nätverksdrift och -förvaltning. Kunder ställer emellertid krav på att SCADA-system ska kunna integrera externa komponenter för att möjliggöra utveckling av befintliga och nya affärsprocesser. Det innebär att dessa system utvecklas från en monolitisk infrastruktur till en löst kopplad och flexibel arkitektur. Således har nya behov uppstått för att förbättra systemets interoperabilitet, minska komplexiteten och förbättra underhållet. Föreliggande masterprojekt presenterar ett ramverk för att förutsäga systems interoperabilitetet (IPF); ett ramverk som stöder arkitekturprocessen under de tidiga stadierna av produktutveckling. Vidare har arbetet undersökt några alternativa arkitekturer, vilka har modellerats och verifierats med hjälp av ovannämnda ramverk. En första konceptuell arkitektur har utvecklats för att förbättra interoperabiliteten hos interna system, för att reducera kopplingen mellan det grundläggande SCADA-systemet och Energy Management-systemet (EMS). Därefter genererades en andra arkitektur som möjliggör integration av externa komponenter för att främja den externa interoperabiliteten. Resultat visar att de föreslagna arkitekturerna är korrekta (enligt IPF) och systemets driftskompatibilitet förbättras. Vidare förefaller den slutligt föreslagna lösningen vara mindre komplex än den nuvarande arkitekturen på lång sikt, men det skulle behövas en större insats och väsentliga förändringar för att uppgradera systemarkitekturen.SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems have been widely used during the last decades delivering excellent results for the power network operation and management. However, some current customer requirements are for SCADA systems to integrate external components in order to perform advanced power network studies and develop both existing and new business processes. This novel viewpoint will make these systems evolve from a monolithic infrastructure towards a loosely coupled and flexible architecture. Hence, new needs have arisen with the aim of improving the system interoperability, reducing the complexity and enhancing the maintainability. This master´s thesis project presents an Interoperability Prediction Framework (IPF), that supports the architecture design process during the early stages of product development. In addition, this work has also investigated some alternative architectures, which have been modelled and verified using the previously mentioned framework. A first conceptual architecture has been designed to improve the internal system interoperability, reducing the coupling between the basic SCADA and the Energy Management System (EMS). Later, a second architecture that allows the integration of external components has been introduced to promote the external interoperability. Results show that the proposed architectures are correct (according to the IPF) and the interoperability of the system is improved. Furthermore, initial conclusions suggest that the final proposed solution would be less complex than the current architecture in the long term, although a large effort and substantial changes would be needed to upgrade the system architecture.
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Luo, Xu. "Power system fault analysis based on intelligent techniques and intelligent electronic device data." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5797.
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This dissertation has focused on automated power system fault analysis. New
contributions to fault section estimation, protection system performance evaluation
and power system/protection system interactive simulation have been achieved. Intelligent techniques including expert systems, fuzzy logic and Petri-nets, as well as
data from remote terminal units (RTUs) of supervisory control and data acquisition
(SCADA) systems, and digital protective relays have been explored and utilized to
fufill the objectives.
The task of fault section estimation is difficult when multiple faults, failures
of protection devices, and false data are involved. A Fuzzy Reasoning Petri-nets
approach has been proposed to tackle the complexities. In this approach, the fuzzy
reasoning starting from protection system status data and ending with estimation of
faulted power system section is formulated by Petri-nets. The reasoning process is
implemented by matrix operations. Data from RTUs of SCADA systems and digital
protective relays are used as inputs. Experiential tests have shown that the proposed
approach is able to perform accurate fault section estimation under complex scenarios.
The evaluation of protection system performance involves issues of data acquisition, prediction of expected operations, identification of unexpected operations and
diagnosis of the reasons for unexpected operations. An automated protection system performance evaluation application has been developed to accomplish all the tasks. The application automatically retrieves relay files, processes relay file data,
and performs rule-based analysis. Forward chaining reasoning is used for prediction
of expected protection operation while backward chaining reasoning is used for diagnosis of unexpected protection operations. Lab tests have shown that the developed
application has successfully performed relay performance analysis.
The challenge of power system/protection system interactive simulation lies in
modeling of sophisticated protection systems and interfacing the protection system
model and power system network model seamlessly. An approach which utilizes the
"compiled foreign model" mechanism of ATP MODELS language is proposed to model
multifunctional digital protective relays in C++ language and seamlessly interface
them to the power system network model. The developed simulation environment
has been successfully used for the studies of fault section estimation and protection
system performance evaluation.
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Gruber, Jakub. "Využití podnikových dat k zabezpečování kvality výrobku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442862.
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The task of the thesis is a theoretical analysis and description of the use of company data. Emphasis is placed on the system analysis of the problem. The specific production process and the data available from it are evaluated, which help to find a technical and economic evaluation.
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Fundin, August. "Generating Datasets Through the Introduction of an Attack Agent in a SCADA Testbed : A methodology of creating datasets for intrusion detection research in a SCADA system using IEC-60870-5-104." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-175911.
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Прокопов, Микола Миколайович, Іван Сергійович Шилівський, Mykola Prokopov, and Ivan Shylivskyy. "Розробка автоматизованої системи моніторингу і управління основними режимами водозабірного вузла." Bachelor's thesis, Тернопіль, ТНТУ, 2021. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/35415.
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Роботу виконано на кафедрі ком’пютерно-інтегрованих технологій Тернопільського національного технічного університету імені Івана Пулюя Міністерства освіти і науки України Захист відбудеться 23 червня 2021 р. о 09 .00 годині на засіданні екзаменаційної комісії № 23 у Тернопільському національному технічному університеті імені Івана Пулюя за адресою: 46001, м. Тернопіль, вул.Руська, 56, навчальний корпус №1, ауд. 403Прокопов М.М., ШилівськийІ.С.Розробка автоматизованої системи моніторингу і управління основними режимами водозабірного вузла. 151 –Автоматизація та комп’ютерно-інтегровані технології. –Тернопільський національний технічний університет імені Івана Пулюя. –Тернопіль, 2021. У кваліфікаційній роботі було спроектовано автоматизовану систему управління водозабірним вузлом. Впровадження проектованої системи автоматизації на водозабірному вузлі дозволить підвищити ефективності візуалізації проходження процесу та керування режимами роботи водозабірного вузла. За рахунок побудови сучасної системи візуалізації на моніторі у диспетчера, збільшиться швидкість управління параметрами при подачі води в міську мережу. Застосування частотного регулювання електродвигунами насосів дозволить знизити витрати електроенергії і підвищити термін служби обладнання. Також забезпечуватиметься облік поданої користувачу води та відображення рівня підземних вод у водозабірних свердловинах.
Prokopov M., Shylivskyy I. Development of an automatic control and monitoring system of a water-intake facility main modes. 151 - Automation and computer integrated technologies. - Ivan Puliuyi Ternopil National Technical University. - Ternopil, 2021. An automated water intake control system was designed in the qualification work. The introduction of the designed automation system at the water intake node will increase the efficiency of visualization of the process and control of the modes of operation of the water intake node. Due to the construction of a modern visualization system on the monitor of the dispatcher, the speed of parameter control when supplying water to the city network will increase. Application of frequency control by electric motors of pumps will allow to reduce expenses of the electric power and to increase service life of the equipment. It will also provide metering of water supplied to the user and display of the groundwater level in water intake wells.
Вступ 8 1. АНАЛІТИЧНА ЧАСТИНА 10 1.1. Структурна схема водозабірного вузла 10 1.2. Обладнання водозабірного вузла 12 1.3. Вимоги до автоматизованої системи керування водозабірним вузлом 15 2. ПРОЕКТНА ЧАСТИНА 16 2.1. Аналіз технологічного процесу, як об'єкту керування 16 2.2. Аналіз технологічного процесу насосних агрегатів станції 2-го підйому 17 2.3. Обґрунтування вибору функціональної схеми автоматизованої системи керування 19 2.4. Обґрунтування вибору технічних засобів автоматизації 21 2.5. Розрахунок системи автоматичного регулювання рівня в резервуарі холодної води 32 2.6. Розрахунок оптимальних параметрів налаштування регулятора методом розширених частотних характеристик 36 2.7. Розробка функціональної схеми автоматизації 39 2.8. Розробка принципової електричної схеми під’єднання модулів ADAM-4017 і ADAM-4050 41 2.9. Обґрунтування вибору щитів, пультів і монтаж засобів автоматизації 45 3. СПЕЦІАЛЬНА ЧАСТИНА 47 3.1. Дослідження втрат води в резервуарі холодної води 47 3.2. Програмне забезпечення для візуалізації автоматизованої системи керування водозабірним вузлом вищого рівня 53 4. БЕЗПЕКА ЖИТТЄДІЯЛЬНОСТІ, ОСНОВИ ХОРОНИ ПРАЦІ 57 4.1. Виявлення та аналіз потенційних небезпек і шкідливих дій на працівників в водозабірному вузлі 57 4.2. Розробка заходів по запобіганню небезпек при монтажі обладнання 58 4.3. Освітлення виробничих та операторських приміщень 58 4.4. Методи і засоби боротьби з шумом 60 4.5. Розрахунок штучного освітлення водозабірного вузла 64 Висновки 66 Перелік посилань 67
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Hidajat, Ivan. "A prototype of a full-scale SCADA system installation using an operator training simulator module as power grid." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-196218.
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Modulen Operator Training Simulator (OTS) syftar till att hjälpa elkraftsystemsoperatörer att förbättra sina kunskaper av elkraftsystemets beteende. Många kraftföretag har integrerat OTS i sina SCADA-system för utbildningsändamål. Det samma gäller ABB som har en OTS integrerad i sitt Network Manager SCADA / EMS-system. Dock , vid användandet av OTS har Network Manager inte egenskaper såsom det skulle haf om det opererade ett riktigt elkraftnät. Detta projekt syftar till att lösa detta problem och ett alternativt tillvägagångssätt för OTS integration till SCADA föreslagits. Arbetet inleddes med en undersökning av ABB:s SCADA / OTS med en analys av dess avvikelser till ett faktiskt SCADA styrsystem. Efter en inledande fas som involverade testning och studera SCADA / OTS arbetsflöde, fortsatte arbetet med att skapa alternativa lösningar för att undanröja avvikelserna mellan de två systemen. Kärnan i projektet innefattade att konstruera, implementera och testa nya alternativ för integration av OTS och SCADA system. Den framtagna prototypens funktionalitet, nätverksarkitektur, kommunikationsprotokoll och dataflöde undersöktes och jämfördes med de egenskaper på ett SCADA-system för verklig drift. Resultaten av utvärderingen visade att prototypen var en bra representation av ett verkligt SCADA-system.The Operator Training Simulator (OTS) aims to help power system operators to improve their proficiency of the power system behavior in the current increasing complexity of the control system. Many power utility companies have integrated the OTS into their SCADA system (Walve & Edstrom, 1998) (Demjen, Kadar, Meszaros, & Szendy, 1994) for training purposes. There is no exception for ABB’s; they integrated the OTS into their Network Manager SCADA/EMS system, and it is the main tool for this project. However, the ABB’s SCADA/OTS suffers from incomplete real SCADA properties, e.g., PCU and RTU, due to its sandbox nature. Consequently, it does not realistically represent the full properties and functionalities of an actual SCADA system. To address this issue, an alternative approach for OTS integration to the SCADA has been proposed. The work started with an exploration of the current ABB’s SCADA/OTS with an analysis of its deviations to an actual SCADA control system. After a preliminary stage that involved testing and studying SCADA/OTS’s workflow, the work continued with creating alternative solutions to eliminate the deviations between the two systems. Then, the core work of the project involved implementation and testing the new alternative prototype since there is a possibility that KTH and/or ABB will use the simulator for a future project. To finalize the work, the prototype’s functionality, network architecture, communication protocols and data flow were examined and compared with the actual SCADA to evaluate the quality of the design. The results of the evaluation showed that the prototype was a good representation of a real SCADA system.
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Palm, Anders. "LoRa 868 MHz : Undersökning av terrängens inverkan på räckvidd och dataförlust samt överföring av data till SCADA-system." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42399.
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Med ett ökande antal IoT enheter finns behov av energieffektiva metoder för överföring av data över långa avstånd. Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) är ett samlingsnamn för nätverkstekniker som utvecklats för att tillgodose dessa behov. LoRa som undersökt i detta arbete är en av dessa tekniker och arbetets syfte har varit att ta reda på hur olika typer av terränger påverkar överföringen med LoRa samt vilka möjligheter det finns för att förbättra överföringen då förhållandena inte är gynnsamma. Undersökningen har genomförts genom tester där nätverksutrusning ställts upp på utvalda platser för att göra mätningar på signalstyrka och paketförlust vid skogs- och stadsmiljö samt fri sikt. Parametrar som inverkar på signalstyrka och paketförlust har varierats vid ett av testen för undersökning vid ej gynnsamma förhållanden. Att kunna på ett lämpligt sätt samla in och presentera data från en IoT-applikation är en förutsättning för att kunna dra nytta av den informationen som applikationen ger. Ett SCADA system används inom många områden till detta ändamål och arbetet innefattar även en lösning för överföring från LoRa till WinCC som är ett SCADA system. Undersökningen av LoRa har visat att längst räckvidd med bäst signalstyrka och minst paketförlust fås vid fri sikt och den terräng som ger sämst resultat är skogsterräng. Den parameter som ger mest påverkan på signalstyrkan är bandbredden och parametern spridningsfaktor ger vid ökning ett mindre antal förlorade datapaket.With an increasing number of IoT devices, there is a need for energy efficient methods for transferring data over long distances. The Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) is a collective name for network technologies developed to meet these needs. LoRa, which has been investigated in this work, is one of these techniques. The purpose of the investigation has been to find out how different types of terrain affect the transmission with LoRa and what opportunities there are to improve the transmission when the conditions are bad. The investigation has been carried out through tests where network equipment has been placed in selected locations to make measurements on signal strength and packet loss in forest and urban environments as well as free sight. Parameters that give an impact on signal strength and packet loss have been varied in one of the tests for investigation in the case of bad conditions. Being able to collect and present data from an IoT application is a condition to get any benefits form the information from the application. A SCADA is used in many areas for this purpose and the work also includes a solution for transmission of data from LoRa to WinCC which is a SCADA system. The investigation of LoRa has shown that the longest range with the best signal strength and with the minimum number of lost packages are obtained in clear sight and the terrain that produces the worst results is forest terrain. The parameter that has the most impact on signal strength is the bandwidth and the parameter spreading factor gives a smaller number of lost data packets when increasing.
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Bouchair, Nabil. "Diagnostic de systèmes complexes par comparaison de listes d’alarmes : application aux systèmes de contrôle du LHC." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT025/document.
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Au CERN (Organisation européenne pour la recherche nucléaire), le contrôle et la supervision du plus grand accélérateur du monde, le LHC (Large Hadron Collider), sont basés sur des solutions industrielles (SCADA). Le LHC est composé de sous-systèmes disposant d’un grand nombre de capteurs et d’actionneurs qui rendent la surveillance de ces équipements un véritable défi pour les opérateurs. Même avec les solutions SCADA actuelles, l’occurrence d’un défaut déclenche de véritables avalanches d’alarmes, rendant le diagnostic de ces systèmes très difficile. Cette thèse propose une méthodologie d’aide au diagnostic à partir de données historiques du système. Les signatures des défauts déjà rencontrés et représentés par les listes d’alarmes qu’ils ont déclenchés sont comparées à la liste d’alarmes du défaut à diagnostiquer. Deux approches sont considérées. Dans la première, l’ordre d’apparition des alarmes n’est pas pris en compte et les listes d’alarmes sont représentées par un vecteur binaire. La comparaison se fait à l’aide d’une distance pondérée. Le poids de chaque alarme est évalué en fonction de son aptitude à caractériser chaque défaut. La seconde approche prend en compte l’ordre d’apparition des alarmes, les listes d’alarmes sont alors représentées sous forme de séquences symboliques. La comparaison entre ces deux séquences se fait à l’aide d’un algorithme dérivé de l’algorithme de Needleman et Wunsch utilisé dans le domaine de la Bio-Informatique. Les deux approches sont testées sur des données artificielles ainsi que sur des données extraites d’un simulateur très réaliste d’un des systèmes du LHC et montrent de bons résultatsIn the context of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a large number of control systems have been built based on industrial control and SCADA solutions. Beyond the complexity of these systems, a large number of sensors and actuators are controlled which make the monitoring and diagnostic of these equipment a continuous and real challenge for human operators. Even with the existing SCADA monitoring tools, critical situations prompt alarms avalanches in the supervision that makes diagnostic more difficult. This thesis proposes a decision support methodology based on the use of historical data. Past faults signatures represented by alarm lists are compared with the alarm list of the fault to diagnose using pattern matching methods. Two approaches are considered. In the first one, the order of appearance is not taken into account, the alarm lists are then represented by a binary vector and compared to each other thanks to an original weighted distance. Every alarm is weighted according to its ability to represent correctly every past faults. The second approach takes into account the alarms order and uses a symbolic sequence to represent the faults. The comparison between the sequences is then made by an adapted version of the Needleman and Wunsch algorithm widely used in Bio-Informatic. The two methods are tested on artificial data and on simulated data extracted from a very realistic simulator of one of the CERN system. Both methods show good results
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Santos, LucÃlia Alves dos. "IntegraÃÃo de um sistema de recomposiÃÃo automÃtico via OPC para automaÃÃo da rede elÃtrica de distribuiÃÃo em mÃdia tensÃo do campus do Pici da Universidade Federal do CearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16331.
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Durante muito tempo a manutenÃÃo do sistema de distribuiÃÃo do campus do Pici da Universidade Federal do Cearà - UFC foi de responsabilidade da Companhia EnergÃtica do Cearà â Coelce, pela parceria entre os governos federal e estadual. No entanto, com a privatizaÃÃo da Coelce no ano de 1998, a UFC assumiu essa demanda e por muitos anos, por falta de recursos e planejamento, fez-se apenas intervenÃÃes corretivas emergenciais na infraestrutura existente, resultando em vÃrios problemas na continuidade de suprimento. Felizmente, os Ãltimos gestores atentaram para o problema e muitos investimentos na rede de distribuiÃÃo em mÃdia tensÃo estÃo sendo realizados, visando à modernizaÃÃo e melhoria da seguranÃa, disponibilidade e continuidade do suprimento de energia elÃtrica do campus do Pici. Estas aÃÃes tÃm embasamento tÃcnico nos estudos realizados pelo Departamento de Engenharia ElÃtrica em parceria com o setor de engenharia da UFC (UFC-Infra). Nesse contexto, foi idealizada e està em fase de implantaÃÃo uma subestaÃÃo de 69-13,8 kV, composta de dois transformadores de 5/6,25 MVA, sendo um de reserva, trÃs saÃdas de alimentadores e nove religadores distribuÃdos ao longo da rede de mÃdia tensÃo em 13,8 kV do campus. Este sistema serà operado, supervisionado e controlado por um sistema SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Aquisition), desenvolvido na plataforma comercial Elipse Power, utilizando o banco de dados Microsoft SQL Server 2012 â versÃo Express. No Ãmbito da automaÃÃo, foi desenvolvida e integrada ao SCADA, via comunicaÃÃo OPC (Open Platform Communications), uma funÃÃo avanÃada denominada, Sistema de RecomposiÃÃo AutomÃtica (SRA-PICI). O SRA-PICI foi desenvolvido em linguagem C#, utilizando o programa Microsoft Visual Studio 2010, modelado em Redes de Petri Coloridas, e testado usando a ferramenta de anÃlise CPN Tools. Para integraÃÃo dos aplicativos SCADA e SRA foi utilizado o protocolo aberto OPC que especifica a comunicaÃÃo de dados em tempo real entre um elemento fonte e um elemento receptor de diferentes fabricantes. Testes de validaÃÃo do SRA e da comunicaÃÃo entre os aplicativos foram realizados em laboratÃrio, que atestam o sucesso da implementaÃÃo e abrem perspectivas importantes para avanÃar na direÃÃo de uma rede elÃtrica inteligente para o campus do Pici.For a long time the maintenance of the power distribution system of the Pici Campus of the Federal University of Cearà - UFC was the responsibility of the Energy Company of Cearà - Coelce, by the partnership between the federal and state governments. However, with the privatization of Coelce in 1998, the UFC assumed that demand and for many years, due to lack of resources and planning, only the emergency and corrective interventions have taken place, thereby have emerged several problems in continuous supply. Fortunately, the last managers have paid attention to the problem and many investments in the medium voltage distribution network are being carried out, aimed at modernizing and improving security, availability and continuity of energy supply of Pici campus. These actions were based on technical studies conducted by the Department of Electrical Engineering in partnership with the engineering sector of the UFC (UFC-Infra). In this context, was designed and is being implemented a power substation of 69 to 13.8 kV, with two transformers of 5 / 6.25 MVA, , three outputs feeders and nine reclosers distributed throughout the medium voltage distribution network of the campus. This system will be operated, supervised and controlled by a SCADA system (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), developed in the commercial platform Elipse Power using the Microsoft SQL Server 2012 database - Express version. In the field of automation, it was developed and integrated into the SCADA via OPC (Open Communications Platform), an advanced function called Automatic Restoration System (ARS-PICI). The ARS-PICI was developed in C # using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 program, modelled on Colored Petri Nets, and tested using the CPN Tools analysis program. For integration of the SCADA and the ARS application software was used the OPC open protocol that specifies the real time data communication between a source element and a receiving element from different manufacturers. Validation tests of the ARS and communication between the software SCADA-ARS were performed in the laboratory, attesting to the successful implementation and opening important perspectives to advance toward a smart grid to the campus of the Pici.
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Hartmann, Jiří. "Správa a automatizace systému vytápění podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445516.
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The aim of this work is to create a unified control and supervision system, SCADA, for controlling the heating and cooling of the company. The system is controlled by UniPi PLC units. Node-RED is used as control software. The user interface is created by an extension "dashboard". For communication between elements using the MQTT protocol. The InfluxDB database is used for data storage. The Grafana tool is used to visualize historical data. The majority of the created system consists of open software. The system is universal, expandable and it is possible to connect it with another system. The system can be used or adapted to similar problems of advanced heating control.
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Дмитрук, Сергій Анатолійович, Артур Васильович Пишук, Sergiy Dmytruk, and Artur Pyshuk. "Розробка та дослідження автоматизованої системи керування технологічним процесом підготовки сировини для виробництва біопалива." Master's thesis, Тернопіль, ТНТУ, 2021. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/36507.
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Роботу виконано на кафедрі ком’пютерно-інтегрованих технологій Тернопільського національного технічного університету імені Івана Пулюя Міністерства освіти і науки України Захист відбудеться 21 грудня 2021 р. о 09 .00 годині на засіданні екзаменаційної комісії № 24 у Тернопільському національному технічному університеті імені Івана Пулюя за адресою: 46001, м. Тернопіль, вул.Руська, 56, навчальний корпус №1, ауд. 403Дмитрук С.А., Пишук А.В. – Розробка та дослідження автоматизованої системи керування технологічним процесом підготовки сировини для виробництва біопалива. 151 – «Автоматизація та комп’ютерно-інтегровані технології» – Тернопільський національний технічний університет імені Івана Пулюя. – Тернопіль, 2021. В даній кваліфікаційній роботі розроблено автоматизовану систему управління технологічним процесом підготовки ріпакової олійної сировини для виробництва біопалива. Dmytruk S., Pyshuk A. - Development and research of an automated control system for the technological process of preparation of raw materials for biofuel production.151 - "Automation and computer-integrated technologies" - Ternopil Ivan Pul’uj National Technical University. - Ternopil, 2021. In this qualification work the automated control system of technological process of preparation of rapeseed oil raw materials for biofuel production is developed.
ЗМІСТ ВСТУП 7 1. АНАЛІТИЧНА ЧАСТИНА 9 1.1. Аналіз технологічного процесу виробництва ріпакової олії 9 1.1.1. Загальна характеристика ріпаку та олії 9 1.1.2. Загальна характеристика технологічного процесу 10 1.1.3. Сушіння 15 1.1.4. Обрушення олійного насіння та відділення ядра від оболонки 17 1.1.5. Подрібнення насіння і продуктів його переробки 21 1.1.6. Волого-теплова обробка м'ятки 22 1.1.7. Віджим олії 24 1.1.8. Екстракція 25 1.1.9. Очистка місцели 27 1.1.10. Відгін розчинника з місцели 29 1.1.11. Очищення від механічних домішок 31 1.2. Параметри для розрахунку 32 2. ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНА ЧАСТИНА 35 2.1. Визначення параметрів управління технологічним процесом 35 2.2. Визначення частини технологічного процесу для автоматизації 37 2.3. Аналіз напрямку автоматизації технологічного процесу виготовлення ріпакової олійної сировини 39 3. КОНСТРУКТОРСЬКА ЧАСТИНА 41 3.1. Обґрунтування вибору функціональної схеми автоматизованої системи керування 41 3.2. Вибір технічних засобів автоматизації 43 3.3. Вибір мікропроцесорних засобів автоматизації 55 4. НАУКОВО-ДОСЛІДНА ЧАСТИНА 57 4.1. Визначення передатної функції 57 4.2. Визначення стійкості системи згідно критерію Найквіста 62 4.3. Визначення стійкості за критерієм Михайлова 63 5. СПЕЦІАЛЬНА ЧАСТИНА 65 5.1. Розробка алгоритму керування технологічним процесом 65 5.2. Опис системи візуалізації проекту 67 6. ОХОРОНА ПРАЦІ ТА БЕЗПЕКА В НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ СИТУАЦІЯХ 71 6.1. Виявлення шкідливих і небезпечних виробничих факторів при розробці проектованої системи 71 6.2. Електромагнітний імпульс ядерного вибуху і захист від нього радіоелектронних засобів 75 ВИСНОВКИ 77 ПЕРЕЛІК ПОСИЛАНЬ 78
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ARAÚJO, Julierme Silva de. "SICOM: Um conceito de sistema de controle de manobras sensível a contexto aplicado ao setor de energia elétrica." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/16239.
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Dissertacao Julierme Araujo _ Versão Final_Biblioteca Central.pdf: 5689636 bytes, checksum: 17f1c9468e867914d378e2fef1626269 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-31T15:37:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertacao Julierme Araujo _ Versão Final_Biblioteca Central.pdf: 5689636 bytes, checksum: 17f1c9468e867914d378e2fef1626269 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-12
Vários fatores interligados ou isolados podem desencadear graves anormalidades no Sistema Elétrico de Potência (SEP). Dentre estes fatores, um de fundamental importância é o humano. Os operadores (OP) são aqueles que estão constantemente em contato com os equipamentos das instalações (presencialmente ou remotamente) e desempenham papel vital na correta operação do SEP. Um das principais atividades do OP é a execução de manobras em tempo real, seguindo o estabelecido pelo documento de plano de manobras (PM). No entanto, devido à natureza repetitiva destas atividades os OPs estão sujeitos a cometerem falhas operacionais. Tais eventos podem ocorrer através de uma mera desatenção na execução dos PMs ou na total negligência destes. Operações em equipamentos a partir de manobras mal elaboradas, bem como softwares que não favoreçam a elaboração e a validação de tais manobras, também são fatores que promovem a ocorrência de falhas humanas e anormalidades no processo. Neste trabalho é apresentada uma arquitetura para implementação de um conceito de sistema baseado em software, hardware e sensibilidade a contexto. Em simulações referentes às operações sobre manobras, foi possível observar o sistema atuando de forma preventiva ao alertar o usuário sobre possíveis atividades inconsistentes. A execução de manobras em subestações ocorreu através de uma versão do sistema para dispositivos móveis. Essa abordagem promoveu vários benefícios como, por exemplo, a eliminação de falhas oriundas de atividades repetitivas, o estabelecimento de um mecanismo de confirmação da execução da manobra e o aperfeiçoamento do processo de interação entre os operadores de sistemas e operadores de subestações. Tendo como referência resultados que apontam uma redução de 47% da taxa de anormalidades geradas pelos processos de elaboração e validação de manobras operativas, chegou-se a conclusão que o conceito de sistema apresentado neste trabalho promoveu uma considerável diminuição nas deficiências oriundas desses processos e aumentou a qualidade e a segurança no processo de execução de manobras.
Several factors, interconnected or isolated, may be the cause of abnormalities on the Electric Power Systems (EPS). Among such factors, human factors play a fundamental role. Operators (OPs) are the staff responsible to deal with installations equipment, operated both presently or remotely, playing a vital part to the correct operation of the EPS. One of OP’s main activities is executing maneuvers in real time, following what was established by the maneuvers plan (MP) establishes. However, due to the repetitive nature of these activities, OPs are subject to commit operational failures. These events may occur through a mere inattention in the execution of the MPs or in their total neglect. Equipment operations from poorly elaborated maneuvers, as well as softwares that do not favor the elaboration and validation of those maneuvers are also factors that promote the occurrence of human failure and abnormalities in the process. Herein this work we present a hardware - software architecture sensible to context. In simulations related to operations on maneuvers it was possible to observe the system’s prototype acting preventively when it alerts the user about possible inconsistent activities. The maneuvering in substations occurred through a system version for mobile devices. This approach promoted several benefits such as the correction of the faults originated from repetitive activities, the establishment of a mechanism for confirmation of the maneuvering and the improvement of the interaction process between system and substation operators. Having as reference results which show a reduction of 47% in the rate of abnormalities generated by the drafting and validation of operational maneuvers, we concluded that the concept of system presented in this paper promoted a considerable decrease in deficiencies originated from these processes and increased the quality and safety maneuvers in the process.
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Kang, Doo Sun. "Real-Time Demand Estimation for Water Distribution Systems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193614.
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The goal of a water distribution system (WDS) is to supply the desired quantity of fresh water to consumers at the appropriate time. In order to properly operate a WDS, system operators need information about the system states, such as tank water level, nodal pressure, and water quality for the system wide locations. Most water utilities now have some level of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems providing nearly real-time monitoring data. However, due to the prohibitive metering costs and lack of applications for the data, only portions of systems are monitored and the use of the SCADA data is limited. This dissertation takes a comprehensive view of real-time demand estimation in water distribution systems. The goal is to develop an optimal monitoring system plan that will collect appropriate field data to determine accurate, precise demand estimates and to understand their impact on model predictions. To achieve that goal, a methodology for real-time demand estimates and associated uncertainties using limited number of field measurements is developed. Further, system wide nodal pressure and chlorine concentration and their uncertainties are predicted using the estimated nodal demands. This dissertation is composed of three journal manuscripts that address these three key steps beginning with uncertainty evaluation, followed by demand estimation and finally optimal metering layout.The uncertainties associated with the state estimates are quantified in terms of confidence limits. To compute the uncertainties in real-time alternative schemes that reduce computational efforts while providing good statistical approximations are evaluated and verified by Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). The first order second moment(FOSM) method provides accurate variance estimates for pressure; however, because of its linearity assumption it has limited predictive ability for chlorine under unsteady conditions. Latin Hypercube sampling (LHS) provides good estimates of prediction uncertainty for chlorine and pressure in steady and unsteady conditions with significantly less effort.For real-time demand estimation, two recursive state estimators; tracking state estimator (TSE) based on weighted least squares (WLS) scheme and Kalman filter (KF), are applied. In addition, in order to find available field data types for demand estimation, comparative studies are performed using pipe flow rate and nodal pressure head as measurements. To reduce the number of unknowns and make the system solvable, nodes with similar user characteristics are grouped and assumed to have same demand pattern. The uncertainties in state variables are quantified in terms of confidence limits using the approximate methods (i.e., FOSM and LHS). Results show that TSE with pipe flow rates as measurements provide reliable demand estimations. Also, the model predictions computed using the estimated demands match well with the synthetically generated true values.Field measurements are critical elements to obtaining quality real-time state estimates. However, the limited number of metering locations has been a significant obstacle for the real-time studies and identifying locations to best gain information is critical. Here, an optimal meter placement (OMP) is formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem and solved using a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) based on Pareto-optimal solutions. Results show that model accuracy and precision should be pursued at the same time as objectives since both measures have trade-off relationship. GA solutions were improvements over the less robust methods or designers' experienced judgment.
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Srđan, Tegeltija. "Mobilni nadzorni sistemi sa proširenom realnošću i integrisanim industrijskim Internetom stvari." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2018. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=107604&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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U disertaciji je predstavljeno istraživanje usmereno ka problemu unapređenja rada postojećih industrijskih SCADA sistema. U fokus istraživanja su postavljeni zadaci klasičnih SCADA sistema kao što su: prikupljanje podataka o postrojenju, skladištenje i analiza podataka, kao i prikaz podataka o postrojenju i na koji način se ovi zadaci mogu unaprediti kroz primenu postojećih mobilnih tehnologija, tehnologija Interneta stvari, kao i tehnologija proširene realnosti. Kao rezultat istraživanja predložen je novi model mobilnih nadzornih sistema sa proširenom realnošću i integrisanim industrijskim Internetom stvari. Predloženi model omogućava realizaciju novih sistema nadzora industrijskih postrojenja baziranih na Industriji 4.0 kao i jednostavnu integraciju u postojeće industrijske sisteme. Predloženi novi model nadzornih sistema je opšti model i njegova velika prednost je univerzalnost i otvorenost za primenu novih mobilnih tehnologija, tehnologija Interneta stvari, kao i tehnologija proširene realnosti. On takođe ima svojsvo fleksibilnosti zato što se može primeniti za različite strukture preduzeća, kao i različite proizvodne procese. Predloženi novi model omogućava sledljivost prikupljenih podataka o industrijskim postrojenjima i proizvodnim procesima dvosmerno, od senzora i aktuatora ka menadžmentu postrojenja, kao i od menadžmenta postrojenja ka senzorima i aktuatorima. Omogućena je implementacija različitih algoritama obrade podataka, nezavisnih od predloženog novog modela nadzornih sistema, sa ciljem detektovanja grešaka ili potencijalnih problema u radu industrijskog postrojenja. Predloženi model omogućava uvid u podatke o postrojenju ne samo licima zaduženim za nadzor i održavanje postrojenja, već i proizvođačima industrijske opreme koji dobijaju informacije o opremi u realnim uslovima omogućavajući unapređenje kvaliteta industrijske opreme. Za analizu i obradu podataka prikupljnih o industrijskom postrojenju i procesu model omogućava implementaciju više algoritama istovremeno, čime je moguće međusobno porediti algoritme sa različitim parametrima obrade podataka.In this doctoral dissertation, a research oriented to the problem of improvementexisting industrial SCADA systems is presented. The research is focused onthe tasks of classical SCADA systems such as data acquisition, data storageand analysis, and displays of acquired plant data and how these tasks can beimproved by applying existing mobile technologies, Internet technology, andtechnology of augmented reality. As a result of the research, a new model ofmobile supervision systems with augmented reality and integrated industrialInternet of Things was proposed. The proposed model enables theimplementation of new supervision systems in industrial plants based onIndustry 4.0 concept, as well as simple integration into existing industrial plants.The proposed new model of supervision systems is a general model and itsgreat advantage is the universality and openness to the application of newmobile technologies, the Internet of Things technology, and technology ofaugmented reality. It also has its own flexibility because it can be applied todifferent company structures and different production processes. The proposednew model enables the traceability of collected data on industrial plants andproduction processes in two ways, from sensors and actuators to plantmanagement, as well from plant management to sensors and actuators. It ispossible to implement different data processing algorithms, independent of theproposed new model of control systems, with the aim of detecting errors orpotential problems in the operation of industrial plants or production processes.The proposed model provides insight into plant data not only for plantmonitoring and maintenance personnel but also for industrial equipmentmanufacturers who receive information on equipment in real-world conditions,enabling improvement of the quality of industrial equipment. For the analysisand processing of data collected on industrial plants and production processes,the proposed model enables the implementation of several algorithms at thesame time, thus making it possible to compare different algorithms with differentdata processing parameters.
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Chenine, Moustafa. "Analyzing Non-Functional Capabilities of ICT Infrastructures Supporting Power System Wide Area Monitoring and Control." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriella informations- och styrsystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118443.
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The strain on modern electrical power systems has led to an ever-increasing utilization of new information and communication technologies (ICT) to improve their efficiency and reliability. Wide area monitoring and control (WAMC) systems offer many opportunities to improve the real-time situational awareness in the power system. These systems are essen-tially SCADA systems but with continuous streaming of measurement data from the power system. The quality of WAMC systems and the applications running on top of them are heavily, but not exclusively, dependent on the underlying non-functional quality of the ICT systems. From an ICT perspective, the real-time nature of WAMC systems makes them susceptible to variations in the quality of the supporting ICT systems. The non-functional qualities studied as part of this research are performance, interoperability and cyber security. To analyze the performance of WAMC ICT systems, WAMC applications were identified, and their requirements were elicited. Furthermore, simulation models capturing typical utility communication infrastructure architectures were implemented. The simulation studies were carried out to identify and characterize the latency in these systems and its impact on data quality in terms of the data loss. While performance is a major and desirable quality, other non-functional qualities such as interoperability and cyber security have a significant impact on the usefulness of the sys-tem. To analyze these non-functional qualities, an enterprise architecture (EA) based framework for the modeling and analysis of interoperability and cyber security, specialized for WAMC systems, is proposed. The framework also captures the impact of cyber security on the interoperability of WAMC systems. Finally, a prototype WAMC system was imple-mented to allow the validation of the proposed EA based framework. The prototype is based on existing and adopted open-source frameworks and libraries. The research described in this thesis makes several contributions. The work is a systematic approach for the analysis of the non-functional quality of WAMC ICT systems as a basis for establishing the suitability of ICT system architectures to support WAMC applications. This analysis is accomplished by first analyzing the impact of communication architectures for WAMC systems on the latency. Second, the impact of these latencies on the data quali-ty, specifically data currency (end to end delay of the phasor measurements) and data in-completeness (i.e., the percentage of phasor measurements lost in the communication), is analyzed. The research also provides a framework for interoperability and cyber security analysis based on a probabilistic Monte Carlo enterprise architecture method. Additionally, the framework captures the possible impact of cyber security on the interoperability of WAMC data flows. A final result of the research is a test bed where WAMC applications can be deployed and ICT architectures tested in a controlled but realistic environment.QC 20130218
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Fursov, Ihor. "Návrh propojení a programových modulů pro řízení robotické buňky pro zakládání dílů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400941.
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This diploma thesis describes design of interconnections and program modules for robotic cell control for parts creation. Research of this work is focused on industrial comunication protocols. The next part analyzes separate parts of the cell and their ways of connection. Futhermore, control structures of the cell are proposed and after comparison of them SCADA system structure was chosen. Project of connecting separate devices is done in Wonderware Systém Platform. The next step describes procedure of interconection of parts of the cell with each other. Then was designed visualization to operate robotic cell and to illustrate its state. Whole visualization was created using Wonderware InTouch program. In conclusion thesis is reviewed.
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Chenine, Moustafa. "Wide area monitoring and control systems application communication requirements and simulation /." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11316.
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Filho, Francisco Gualberto Santos. "DiagnÃstico de Faltas em Sistemas ElÃtricos baseado em Redes de Petri Coloridas e TÃcnicas de Sistemas Especialistas." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4766.
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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgicoQuando o sistema elÃtrico experimenta qualquer distÃrbio uma avalanche de alarmes à reportada ao Centro de OperaÃÃo do Sistema (COS) dificultando ao operador na identificaÃÃo da causa do distÃrbio. O grande volume de informaÃÃes disponibilizado pelos sistemas supervisÃrios em condiÃÃo de falta no sistema elÃtrico à de pouco valor se nÃo possibilitar um rÃpido diagnÃstico, para uma pronta e correta tomada de decisÃo e restabelecimento à condiÃÃo normal de operaÃÃo. Usando como entrada os dados informados pelo SCADA foi desenvolvido um Sistema de DiagnÃstico de Faltas (SDF), baseado em Redes de Petri Coloridas (RPC), que filtra as informaÃÃes do SCADA e à capaz de fornecer em tempo real aos operadores o diagnÃstico para as faltas no sistema. O diagnÃstico à obtido a partir da simulaÃÃo off-line de um expressivo nÃmero de possÃveis faltas no sistema em que a marcaÃÃo final da RPC para cada falta à convertida em diagnÃstico. Um Programa Especialista foi desenvolvido para a interpretaÃÃo da marcaÃÃo final fornecida pela RPC para geraÃÃo automÃtica do diagnÃstico de falta. O Programa Especialista interpreta os resultados do modelo RPC independente do sistema elÃtrico monitorado, diagnosticando os eventos que ocorrem tanto em uma subestaÃÃo quanto nas linhas de transmissÃo que ligam as subestaÃÃes, fornecendo um diagnÃstico rÃpido, sucinto, e com formato e linguagem comuns ao operador.
When a fault occurs in an electrical system often an avalanche of information is made available to the System Operation Center making it difficult to the operator to identify the cause of the fault. The great deal of information provided by the supervisory system is of any value if it does not make easy to the operator, to take a right and prompt decision to bring the system back to normal operation. Based on the SCADA information a Fault Diagnosis System (SDF) was developed, which uses the Colored Petri Nets (CPN) method to filter out the large amount of information made available by the SCADA system and then to give the fault diagnosis. The drawback of the SDF is that the fault diagnosis is developed off line from the CPN final markings for all the likely fault conditions on the power system. In this work an Expert Program is developed to automatically convert the CPN final markings into the system fault diagnosis. The Expert Program interprets the results of the CPN model independent of the monitored electrical system, it diagnosis events that occur in substations as much as the transmission lines that connect the substations, providing a fast and concise diagnosis with common format and language to the operator.
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Andersson, Karl. "Mapping out dependencies in network components in critical infrastructure." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-143981.
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Companies that operate with critical infrastructure face a growing threat from cyber-attacks while at the same time the development in the business is rapidly moving towards a higher level of digitalization. A common type of system in critical infrastructure is supervisory control and data acquisition systems, these systems have properties that can affect their security and will therefore serve as the basis for this thesis work. To stay protected despite systems changes, companies need to make risk assessments in order to analyze how changes will affect the overall system. One thing that is important to focus on is dependencies within the system, this means that not only interaction among computers and networks are concerned but instead a more holistic view of the system need to be considered. This thesis aims to aid the process of a future risk assessment by providing a methodology to be used as a preparatory step before a risk assessment by describing the current situation of the system. This is done by evaluating two system modeling approaches, and also by proposing a number of perspectives that each provides different kind of information about the system’s dependencies. These perspectives are then evaluated by creating system models and dependency graphs, and discussing the outcomes with experts in a utility company to find out their applicability. According to the experts, the proposed perspectives have promising properties that can be useful in future risk assessments as well as in other scenarios. Moreover, the evaluated modeling approaches got positive comments during evaluation and are considered to serve their purpose.
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NINA, Diogo Luis Figueiredo. "Análise de Ocorrências em Transformadores do SDEE usando Redes Neurais Artificiais MLP." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2012. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1863.
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Diogo Luis.pdf: 4371869 bytes, checksum: adf1274b2033821c3c2a6cca3766a2e6 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-24T14:18:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diogo Luis.pdf: 4371869 bytes, checksum: adf1274b2033821c3c2a6cca3766a2e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-03
Power system operation and maintenance require attention, precise diagnostics on failure and agility on system recovery. On the other hand, power systems involve high risks, where each operation needs to be carefully planned and executed, once errors can be fatal. Power system satisfactory operation and maintenance consist on finding equilibrium between these extremes, acting on a cautious, but agile, way. For this purpose, we propose the development of an intelligent system with the ability of detecting abnormal patterns on the electrical signal, providing support for decisions on Power Distribution System real time operation, from the analysis of power substation transformers primary and secondary currents, including learning at each new information acquired by the system. The challenge of this study is to research and develop a method based on ANN for classifying patterns and providing support for decisions, aiming fault detection and/or fault recovery. The method di↵erentiates disturbances that will lead to faults from disturbances generated by transients on power system (for example an undervoltage caused by powering on an engine). A SCADA supervisory system was developed to contain ANN implementation code and also to provide an interface for Operators, generating visual and sound alarms and messages guiding system recovery. The proposed method was evaluated using real data collected from transformers protection digital relays of CEMAR system substations, achieving excellent results. The ANN developed on this study presented satisfactory performance classifying signals and detecting faults properly.
A operação e manutenção do sistema elétrico requerem atenção, diagnósticos precisos em caso de falhas e agilidade na recomposição do sistema. Por outro lado, sistemas elétricos têm um elevado risco, onde cada manobra precisa ser cuidadosamente planejada e executada, pois erros podem ser fatais. A boa operação e manutenção do sistema elétrico consistem em encontrar o ponto de equilíbrio entre esses dois extremos, atuando de forma cautelosa, porém ágil. Com esse intuito, propomos o desenvolvimento de um sistema inteligente dotado da capacidade de detectar padrões anormais no sinal elétrico, fornecendo apoio à decisão na operação em tempo real do SDEE, a partir da análise das correntes primárias e secundárias de transformadores de força de subestações de energia elérica, incluindo aprendizado a cada nova informação integrada ao sistema. O desafio deste estudo é pesquisar e desenvolver um método baseado em RNA para classificação de padrões e apoio à decisão, visando a detecção e/ou recuperaçao de falhas. O método diferencia perturbações que culminarão em uma falta de perturbações geradas por transitórios na rede elétrica (por exemplo o afundamento de tensão gerado pela partida de uma máquina). Um sistema supervisório SCADA foi desenvolvido para hospedar o código de implementação da RNA, além de fornecer uma interface para o Operador, gerando alarmes visuais e sonoros e mensagens orientando a retomada do sistema. O método proposto foi avaliado utilizando-se dados reais coletados diretamente de relés digitais de proteção de transformadores de subestações do sistema da CEMAR, obtendo-se excelentes resultados. A RNA desenvolvida neste estudo apresentou desempenho satisfatório na classificação dos sinais a ela apresentados, detectando corretamente as faltas.
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Nketoane, Paseka Augustinus. "Design and implementation of a nonlinear controller in PLC as a part of an adroit scada system for optimal adaptive control of the activated sludge process." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1106.
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Thesis (MTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009More than 70% of the earth's surface is covered by water, only a small part of which is suitable for either human consumption or agricultural use. Due to pollution from agriculture, households and industry reaching rivers, lakes and seas it is Important for wastewater to be properly treated in order to remove harmful substances before it reaches the environment. Strict environmental and health regulations together with a demand for cost effective ways of wastewater treatment have made control technology in wastewater Treatment Plants an important priority. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is the amount of oxygen in the effluent and it plays a vital role of controlling VV\YTP. Oxygen dissolves in water through mixing water surface with the atmosphere, The dissolved oxygen concentration in the aerobic part of an activated sludge process should be sufficiently high to supply enough oxygen to the microorganisms in the sludge. an excessive high DO leads to high energy consumption and may also deteriorate the sludge quality, A high DO concentration in the internally recirculated water also makes the denitrification less efficient Hence, both for economical and process reasons, it is of interest to control the DO. The used controllers are normally linear controllers, proportional integral (PI) or proportional integral derivative (PID) ones. The work of these controllers leads to bad system performance, because, the process of dissolving oxygen into the wastewater is a nonlinear process and requires nonlinear control. The aim of the research project is to develop methods for design of linear and nonlinear controllers of the concentration of the DO in the aeration tank of the WWTP and to implement the designed controllers in the frameworks of PLC. The nonlinear linearizing controller based on a reference model and Lyapunov second method is designed. Additionally a linear controller is developed in a form of PI controller based on pole placement method to improve, the performance of the closed loop system. The resultant controller is to be on a PLC as a part of Adroit SCADA system. The developed programmes are used to control the wastewater treatment process in laboratory scale plant and can be applied as a part of SCADA software for control of the wastewater treatment plants.
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Vladimir, Bugarski. "Ekspertski sistem za upravljanje brodskom prevodnicom zasnovan na računarskoj inteligenciji." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2015. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=95378&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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U disertaciji je dato jedno rešenje automatskog operativnogupravljanja dvosmernom brodskom prevodnicom sa jednom komorom.Kreiran je ekspertski sistem zasnovan na rasplinutoj (fuzzy) logici.Upravljački sistem je testiran na modelu brodske prevodnice koji jekreiran na osnovu statističkih podataka o gustini saobraćaja nahidrosistemu DTD (Dunav-Tisa-Dunav), na osnovu tehničkedokumentacije brodske prevodnice i na osnovu razgovora saoperaterima. Sistem je zatim optimizovan globalnim algoritmimaoptimizacije. Dobijeno rešenje se pokazalo značajno bolje u poređenjusa standardnim algoritmima odluke.This thesis presents a solution to automatic control of a two-way one-channelship lock. Expert system based on fuzzy logic is designed. This controlsystem is tested on model of ship lock created using statistical data oftransportation density on DTD (Danube-Tisa-Danube) channel, usingtechnical documentation of ship lock and interview with operators. Thesystem is further optimized with global optimization techniques. Givensolution proved to be significantly better than standard decision algorithms.
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Wyman, Matthew Cody. "The SAP Link: A Controller Architecture for Secure Industrial Control Systems." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8815.
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Industrial Control Systems are essential to modern life. They are utilized in hundreds of processes including power distribution, water treatment, manufacturing, traffic management, and amusement park ride control. These systems are an essential part of modern life and if compromised, could result in significant economic loss, safety impacts, damage to the environment, and even loss of life. Unfortunately, many of these systems are not properly secured from a cyber attack. It is likely that a well-funded and motivated attack from a nation-state will successfully compromise an industrial control system's network. As cyber war becomes more prevalent, it is becoming more critical to find new and innovative ways to reduce the physical impacts from a cyber attack.This thesis presents a new architecture for a secure industrial controller. This architecture protects the integrity of the controller logic, including the safety logic which is responsible for keeping the process in a safe condition. In particular, it would prevent malicious or accidental modification or bypassing of the controller logic. This architecture divides the controller into three components; the logic controller, the interface controller and the SAP link. The logic controller is responsible for controlling the equipment and contains the safety logic. The interface controller communicates with the rest of the control system network. The Simple As Possible (SAP) link is a bridge between the logic and interface controllers that ensures the integrity of the logic controller by drastically limiting the external interface of the logic controller. We implement this new architecture on a physical controller to demonstrate the process of implementing the architecture and to demonstrate its feasibility.
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Hansen, Sinclair D. "An intrusion detection system for supervisory control and data acquisition systems." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16636/1/Sinclair_Hansen_Thesis.pdf.
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Despite increased awareness of threats against Critical Infrastructure (CI), securing of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems remains incomplete. The majority of research focuses on preventative measures such as improving communication protocols and implementing security policies. New attempts are being made to use commercial Intrusion Detection System (IDS) software to protect SCADA systems. These have limited effectiveness because the ability to detect specific threats requires the context of the SCADA system. SCADA context is defined as any information that can be used to characterise the current status and function of the SCADA system. In this thesis the standard IDS model will be used with the varying SCADA data sources to provide SCADA context to a signature and anomaly detection engine. A novel addition to enhance the IDS model will be to use the SCADA data sources to simulate the remote SCADA site. The data resulting from the simulation is used by the IDS to make behavioural comparison between the real and simulated SCADA site. To evaluate the enhanced IDS model the specific context of a water and wastewater system is used to develop a prototype. Using this context it was found that the inflow between sites has similar diurnal characteristic to network traffic. This introduced the idea of using inflow data to detect abnormal behaviour for a remote wastewater site. Several experiments are proposed to validate the prototype using data from a real SCADA site. Initial results show good promise for detecting abnormal behaviour and specific threats against water and wastewater SCADA systems.
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Hansen, Sinclair D. "An intrusion detection system for supervisory control and data acquisition systems." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16636/.
Full textAbstract:
Despite increased awareness of threats against Critical Infrastructure (CI), securing of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems remains incomplete. The majority of research focuses on preventative measures such as improving communication protocols and implementing security policies. New attempts are being made to use commercial Intrusion Detection System (IDS) software to protect SCADA systems. These have limited effectiveness because the ability to detect specific threats requires the context of the SCADA system. SCADA context is defined as any information that can be used to characterise the current status and function of the SCADA system. In this thesis the standard IDS model will be used with the varying SCADA data sources to provide SCADA context to a signature and anomaly detection engine. A novel addition to enhance the IDS model will be to use the SCADA data sources to simulate the remote SCADA site. The data resulting from the simulation is used by the IDS to make behavioural comparison between the real and simulated SCADA site. To evaluate the enhanced IDS model the specific context of a water and wastewater system is used to develop a prototype. Using this context it was found that the inflow between sites has similar diurnal characteristic to network traffic. This introduced the idea of using inflow data to detect abnormal behaviour for a remote wastewater site. Several experiments are proposed to validate the prototype using data from a real SCADA site. Initial results show good promise for detecting abnormal behaviour and specific threats against water and wastewater SCADA systems.
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Taiola, Matteo. "Cybersecurity in impianti dell'industria di processo." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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Nel corso degli ultimi decenni, i processi industriali hanno subito una sempre maggiore automatizzazione e una crescente connessione con reti esterne.
Nell’industria di processo, dove il livello di automazione è sempre stato elevato, l’innovazione tecnologica ha richiesto sempre una maggiore interconnessione tra i sistemi di produzione e sistemi esterni di gestione.
La connessione dei sistemi ha portato a una crescita economica, ottimizzazione dei processi e un aumento della velocità di produzione, dovuti alla gestione dei controlli del processo e dei dati di funzionamento; ciò però, ha portato anche a esporre l’azienda a rischi per la sicurezza da attacchi informatici.
Le minacce alla sicurezza sui sistemi di controllo automatizzato industriale stanno diventando una preoccupazione crescente per tutti gli impianti industriali, in particolare per quelli in cui grandi quantità di sostanze pericolose sono immagazzinate o manipolate.
Lo scopo di questa tesi è verificare l’applicabilità e l’efficacia di due metodologie proposte per l’identificazione degli scenari che possono avere luogo in seguito alla manipolazione dannosa (eseguita da remoto o in seguito ad accesso fisico nella sala controllo) del sistema di controllo e sicurezza di un impianto di processo: PHAROS (Process Hazard Analysis of Remote manipulations through the cOntrol System) e POROS (Process Operability analysis of Remote manipulations through the cOntrol System).
PHAROS permette d’ identificare gli eventi pericolosi originati dalle apparecchiature di processo, che possono essere innescati attraverso una manipolazione malevola dei BPCS e del SIS; mentre POROS mira all'individuazione dei top event che possono portare all'arresto dell'impianto e alla conseguente interruzione della produttività per un certo periodo di tempo, causata da una manipolazione malevola.
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Ahmed, Sipan. "Java integrering med PLC." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektroteknik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-33196.
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Digitization has been given a greater role in the monitoring and control of a processing plant. This trend will grow globally to achieve a smarter production chain that generates ecenomic profits. The purpose of this thesis was to develop an existing process that respresents an automated drilling station. THis i scontrolled by integrating Java-netbeans software into the PLC hardware with a user interface that can read the data flow of PLC.The drilling station is controlled by PLC. This work describes the possible methods for achieving integration between Java-netbeans and PLC. The essential part of the work was literature study, programming of source code and programming of PLC. This work achieved all the objectives.Digitaliseringen har fått en större roll i övervakning och styrning av en processanläggning. Denna trend kommer att växa globalt för att uppnå en smartare produktionskedja som giver ekonomiska vinster. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att utveckla en befintlig process som föreställer en automatiserad borrstation. Detta styrs genom lufttryck, sensorer, cylindrar och relä ventiler. Utvecklingen skedde genom att integrera Java-netbeans mjukvara till PLC hårdvaran med ett användargränssnitt som kan läsa av dataflödet av PLC. Borrstationen styrs av PLC. I detta arbete beskrivs vilka möjliga metoder det finns för att uppnå integrering mellan Java-netbeans och PLC. Arbetets essentiella delar var litteraturstudie, programmering av källkod och programmering av PLC. Detta arbete uppnådde alla målsättningar.
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Křek, Radim. "Distribuovaný řídicí systém s dynamicky modifikovatelnými uzly." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-399165.
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This thesis describes creation of dynamically evolvable node, which will cooperate with other nodes. Group of these nodes will then create a distributed control system. The MQTT protocol is used for communications purposes between individual nodes. As hardware platform is used ESP32 and ESP8266. Whole operating system is written in MicroPython and supports a live uploading of user applications written in the same language. Later in thesis is decribed creation of monitoring node on Raspberry Pi, which control network. Complete system can be then used to control a intelligent house.
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Dawson, Robert Edward. "Secure communications for critical infrastructure control systems." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/20710/1/Robert_Dawson_Thesis.pdf.
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In March 2000, 1 million litres of raw sewage was released into the water system of Maroochy Shire on Queensland’s sunshine coast. This environmental disaster was caused by a disgruntled ex-contractor using a radio transmitter to illicitly access the electronically controlled pumps in the control system. In 2007 CNN screened video footage of an experimental attack against a electrical generator. The attack caused the generator to shake and smoke, visually showing the damage caused by cyber attack. These attacks highlight the importance of securing the control systems which our critical infrastructures depend on. This thesis addresses securing control systems, focusing on securing the communications for supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. We review the architectures of SCADA systems and produce a list of the system constraints that relate to securing these systems. With these constraints in mind, we survey both the existing work in information and SCADA security, observing the need to investigate further the problem of secure communications for SCADA systems. We then present risk modelling techniques, and model the risk in a simple SCADA system, using the ISM, a software tool for modelling information security risk. In modelling the risk, we verify the hypothesis that securing the communications channel is an essential part of an effective security strategy for SCADA systems. After looking at risk modelling, and establishing the value of securing communications, we move on to key management for SCADA systems. Appropriate key management techniques are a crucial part of secure communications, and form an important part of the contributions made in this work. We present a key management protocol that has been designed to run under the constraints specific to SCADA systems. A reductionist security proof is developed for a simplified version of the protocol, showing it is secure in the Bellare Rogaway model.
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Dawson, Robert Edward. "Secure communications for critical infrastructure control systems." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/20710/.
Full textAbstract:
In March 2000, 1 million litres of raw sewage was released into the water system of Maroochy Shire on Queensland’s sunshine coast. This environmental disaster was caused by a disgruntled ex-contractor using a radio transmitter to illicitly access the electronically controlled pumps in the control system. In 2007 CNN screened video footage of an experimental attack against a electrical generator. The attack caused the generator to shake and smoke, visually showing the damage caused by cyber attack. These attacks highlight the importance of securing the control systems which our critical infrastructures depend on. This thesis addresses securing control systems, focusing on securing the communications for supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. We review the architectures of SCADA systems and produce a list of the system constraints that relate to securing these systems. With these constraints in mind, we survey both the existing work in information and SCADA security, observing the need to investigate further the problem of secure communications for SCADA systems. We then present risk modelling techniques, and model the risk in a simple SCADA system, using the ISM, a software tool for modelling information security risk. In modelling the risk, we verify the hypothesis that securing the communications channel is an essential part of an effective security strategy for SCADA systems. After looking at risk modelling, and establishing the value of securing communications, we move on to key management for SCADA systems. Appropriate key management techniques are a crucial part of secure communications, and form an important part of the contributions made in this work. We present a key management protocol that has been designed to run under the constraints specific to SCADA systems. A reductionist security proof is developed for a simplified version of the protocol, showing it is secure in the Bellare Rogaway model.
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Rahman, Anisur. "Rare sequential pattern mining of critical infrastructure control logs for anomaly detection." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/132077/1/__qut.edu.au_Documents_StaffHome_staffgroupW%24_wu75_Documents_ePrints_Anisur_Rahman_Thesis_Redacted.pdf.
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Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are used to drive much of a nation's critical infrastructure, which by definition is essential for the nation's citizens' way of life. They are connected to the computer networks and internet systems to operate, control and monitor their operations. This connectivity enables these SCADA systems to be exposed to cyber-attacks. This thesis detects anomalies or cyber-attacks on SCADA systems. It analyses SCADA control logs to find abnormal process activities which are treated as anomalies. A novel rare sequential pattern mining approach is proposed and developed to find rare or abnormal behaviour in SCADA systems.
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Celino, Ronaldo Andrusyszyn. "Aplicação da norma IEC 61400-25 na automação e controle de parques eólicos no Brasil." Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, 2014. http://ri.ufs.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5047.
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The goal of this project is to develop a system of supervision, communication and control, implemented in a free supervisory software the SCADABR for installed wind farms and/or to be installed in Brazil, from the considerations and recommendations of IEC 61400 - 25. The construction of complete wind farms with full automation, has led entrepreneurs to focus their efforts not only on profit and productivity, but also in: human capital, concerned with the management system, technological mastery and communication at all levels. Information processing with communication, opened borders with new forms of relationship and growing trend in the industrial automation field, which favors different devices to communicate with others in a cooperative way. However, the largest manufacturers of wind generation plants still offer proprietary solutions "black boxes" for the networks field, which results in a variety of protocols of systems, causing the client the full dependence on these suppliers. Aiming interoperability and flexibility of operation, groups of researchers advocate standards of open model, as the solution of networks and protocols for all, leaving customers free. In this struggle, the best-known organization in the field of wind energy is IEC 61400-25, specifically for the monitoring system and free communication among different equipment vendors, nevertheless internal communication of the components of wind power plant is not within the standard. The application range of the standard covers the operation of this kind of wind farm, including wind turbine, meteorological measurement system, electrical system and management system, but does not include the relevant line of the substation feeding and information. Hence, the interaction with the supervisory system SCADABR developed in "open-source" model of free license. It is proposed the application of a multi-platform Java-based, from an application server, like Apache Tomcat the standard choice. Considering the requirements of the present communication model in IEC 61400-25-2 it is defined a model of information for monitoring and control of wind power plants, to this end, part-data simulator MatrikonOPC through customer / OPC DA server interaction (Object Linking and Embedding for Process Control Data Access), with ScadaBR software.O objetivo da pesquisa é desenvolver um sistema de supervisão, comunicação e controle, implementado em um software de supervisão livre o ScadaBR, para parques eólicos instalados e/ou a serem instalados no Brasil, a partir das considerações e recomendações da norma IEC 61400-25. A construção de parques eólicos completos, com automação total, tem levado os empreendedores a focalizar seus esforços não só no lucro e produtividade, mas também no: capital humano, preocupando-se com o sistema de gestão, domínio tecnológico e comunicação em todos os níveis. O processamento da informação com a comunicação, abriu fronteiras com as novas formas de relacionamento e a crescente tendência na área de automação industrial, favorece que diferentes dispositivos comuniquem-se com outros de uma maneira cooperativa. No entanto, os maiores fabricantes de usinas de geração eólica ainda oferecem soluções proprietárias caixas pretas para as redes de campo, o que resulta numa diversidade de protocolos de sistemas, levando dependência desses fornecedores. Visando a interoperabilidade e flexibilidade de operação, grupos de pesquisadores defendem normas de padrão aberto, como a solução de redes e protocolos para todos, deixando os clientes livres. Nesta luta, a organização mais conhecida na área de energia eólica é a norma IEC 61400-25, especificamente para o sistema de monitoramento e comunicação livre entre diferentes fornecedores de equipamentos, porém a comunicação interna dos componentes da usina de energia eólica não está no âmbito desta norma. A faixa de aplicação da norma abrange parte da operação desse tipo de usina, incluindo turbina de vento, sistema de medição meteorológica, sistema elétrico e sistema de gestão, mas não inclui a linha relevante de alimentação e informação da subestação. Daí a interação com o sistema supervisório ScadaBR, desenvolvido em modelo open-source de licença gratuita. Propõe-se a aplicação de uma multi-plataforma baseada em Java, a partir de um servidor de aplicações, com o Apache Tomcat a escolha padrão. Considerando as exigências do modelo de comunicação presentes na Norma IEC 61400-25-2, define-se um modelo de informação para monitoramento e controle de usinas eólicas, para tal, parte-se do simulador de dados MatrikonOPC, por meio da interação cliente / servidor OPC DA (Object Linkingand Embedding for Process Control Data Access), com o software ScadaBR.
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Thall, Anders. "Trafikstyrning med variabel trafikutrustning : en behovsanalys för Vägverket Region Stockholm." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2814.
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When traffic in large cities increases, it becomes more vulnerable to disturbances such as accidents, stalled vehicles or construction; therefore, traffic jams are more likely to occur. For better control of the traffic at a disturbance the Swedish National Road Administration (SNRA) has traffic equipment which can be controlled from a command centre. This traffic equipment consists of gates and signs with variable messages. This report will discuss the system used for traffic control in Stockholm. It will present proposals designed to improve it.
These proposals were prepared based on interviews with people from SNRA and their contractors as well as on comparisons with existing systems.
The focus of this report is the handling of system alarms and graphical user interface. By implementing the proposals in this report, the following will be achieved:
· More efficient alarmcontrol - the errors are discovered immediately or soon after they occur
· Clearer information regarding alarms - the traffic operator receives better information about the error
· Better control of the traffic equipment - the control will be easier and more flexible.
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Araujo, Gabriell John Medeiros de. "Sistema de aquisi??o de dados para estudos de transiente de press?o e detec??o de vazamentos em oleodutos." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18536.
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Previous issue date: 2012-03-05In February 2011, the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP) has published a new Technical Rules for Handling Land Pipeline Petroleum and Natural Gas Derivatives (RTDT). Among other things, the RTDT made compulsory the use of monitoring systems and leak detection in all onshore pipelines in the country. This document provides a study on the method for detection of transient pressure. The study was conducted on a industrial duct 16" diameter and 9.8 km long. The pipeline is fully pressurized and carries a multiphase mixture of crude oil, water and natural gas. For the study, was built an infrastructure for data acquisition and validation of detection algorithms. The system was designed with SCADA architecture. Piezoresistive sensors were installed at the ends of the duct and Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) were used for sampling, storage and processing of data. The study was based on simulations of leaks through valves and search for patterns that characterize the occurrence of such phenomena
Em fevereiro de 2011, a Ag?ncia Nacional de Petr?leo, G?s Natural e Biocombust?veis (ANP) publicou o novo Regulamento Tecnico de Dutos Terrestres para Movimenta??o de Petr?leo, Derivados e Gas Natural (RTDT). Entre outros aspectos, o RTDT tornou obrigat?rio o emprego de sistemas de monitoramento e detec??o de vazamentos em todos os dutos terrestres do pa?s. Este documento traz um estudo sobre o m?todo de detec??o por transiente de press?o. O estudo foi realizado num duto industrial de 16" de di?metro e 9,8 Km de extens?o. O duto e totalmente pressurizado e transporta uma mistura multif?sica de ?leo bruto, ?gua e g?s natural. Para a realiza??o do estudo, foi constru?da uma infraestrutura de aquisi??o de dados e valida??o de algoritmos de detec??o. O sistema foi concebido com arquitetura SCADA. Sensores piezoresistivos foram instalados nas extremidades do duto e Processadores Digitais de Sinais (DSPs) foram usados para a amostragem, armazenamento e processamento dos dados. O estudo se baseou na realiza??o de simula??es de vazamentos por meio de valvulas e busca por padr?es que caracterizassem a ocorr?ncia de tais fen?menos
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Bektas, Hayrettin Onur. "Developing A Methodology For Finding Network Water Losses Using Information Technologies: A Case Study." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612773/index.pdf.
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This study aims to develop an integrated methodology for finding water leaks in a water distribution network. The integrated methodology is formed from SCADA System, Customer Information System (CIS), and Geographic Information System. The methodology is based on forming district-metered areas (DMA) and sub-DMAs in pressure zones by isolation of the network. Leaking spots in the network are localised by step testing within the DMA. With leak noise loggers leaking spots are localized with an increased accuracy and finally pinpointed by ground microphones. Minimum night flows are observed from the SCADA system before and after the repairs of the leaks to calculate physical water loss percentage in the DMA. Monthly non-revenue water percentage is calculated using the data obtained from SCADA and CIS. With a buffer analysis on the water distribution network data, the benefit of the leak noise loggers is maximized and the working time with the ground microphones are minimized. The methodology is applied in two different DMAs in Antalya water distribution network with different characteristics. In the first DMA, only the developed methodology is applied and a decrease of 19.2% is achieved in physical water losses. In the second DMA, pressure reduction is added to the methodology and a decrease of 4.9% is achieved.