Academic literature on the topic 'Scaffold Bone Defect'
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Journal articles on the topic "Scaffold Bone Defect"
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Kim, Jong Min, Jun Sik Son, Seong Soo Kang, Gonhyung Kim, and Seok Hwa Choi. "Bone Regeneration of Hydroxyapatite/Alumina Bilayered Scaffold with 3 mm Passage-Like Medullary Canal in Canine Tibia Model." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/235108.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone regeneration of hydroxyapatite (HA)/alumina bilayered scaffold with a 3 mm passage-like medullary canal in a beagle tibia model. A porous HA/alumina scaffold was fabricated using a polymeric template-coating technique. HA/alumina scaffold dimensions were 10 mm in outer diameter, 20 mm in length, and with either a 3 mm passage or no passage. A 20 mm segmental defect was induced using an oscillating saw through the diaphysis of the beagle tibia. The defects of six beagles were filled with HA/alumina bilayered scaffolds with a 3 mm passage or without. The segmental defect was fixated using one bone plate and six screws. Bone regeneration within the HA/alumina scaffolds was observed at eight weeks after implantation. The evaluation of bone regeneration within the scaffolds after implantation in a beagle tibia was performed using radiography, computerized tomography (CT), micro-CT, and fluorescence microscopy. New bone successfully formed in the tibia defects treated with 3 mm passage HA/alumina scaffolds compared to without-passage HA/alumina scaffolds. It was concluded that the HA/alumina bilayered scaffold with 3 mm passage-like medullary canal was instrumental in inducing host-scaffold engraftment of the defect as well as distributing the newly formed bone throughout the scaffold at 8 weeks after implantation.
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Fang, Yifei, Yong Gong, Zhijian Yang, and Yan Chen. "Repair of Osteoporotic Bone Defects Using Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Seeded in Chitosan/Nanohydroxyapatite-P24 Nanocomposite Scaffolds." Journal of Nanomaterials 2021 (August 21, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6237130.
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Background. The cell regeneration and blood supply of bone defect lesions are restricted under osteoporotic pathological conditions, which make the healing of bone defect of osteoporosis still a great challenge. The current therapeutic strategies that mainly inhibit bone resorption are not always satisfactory for osteoporotic bone defects, which make the development of new therapies an urgent need. Methods. Previously, we prepared chitosan/nanohydroxyapatite (CS/nHA) biomimetic nanocomposite scaffolds for controlled delivery of bone morphogenetic protein 2-derived peptide (P24). In this study, we determined the effect of coculturing adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with the CS-P24/nHA nanocomposite scaffolds on osteoporotic bone defect healing. In vitro mixed coculture models were employed to assess the direct effects of coculture. Results. ADSCs cocultured with HUVECs showed significantly greater osteogenic differentiation and mineralization compared with ADSCs or HUVECs alone. The CS-P24/nHA scaffold cocultured with ADSCs and HUVECs was more effective in inducing osteoporotic bone repair, as demonstrated by micro-computed tomography and histology of critical-sized calvariae defects in ovariectomized rats. Calvariae defects treated with the CS-P24/nHA nanocomposite scaffold plus ADSC/HUVEC coculture had a greater area of repair and better reconstitution of osseous structures compared with defects treated with the scaffold plus ADSCs or the scaffold plus HUVECs after 4 and 8 weeks. Conclusion. Taken together, coculture of ADSCs and HUVECs with the CS-P24/nHA nanocomposite scaffold is an effective combination to repair osteoporotic bone defects.
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Kessler, Franziska, Kevin Arnke, Benjamin Eggerschwiler, et al. "Murine iPSC-Loaded Scaffold Grafts Improve Bone Regeneration in Critical-Size Bone Defects." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 10 (2024): 5555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105555.
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In certain situations, bones do not heal completely after fracturing. One of these situations is a critical-size bone defect where the bone cannot heal spontaneously. In such a case, complex fracture treatment over a long period of time is required, which carries a relevant risk of complications. The common methods used, such as autologous and allogeneic grafts, do not always lead to successful treatment results. Current approaches to increasing bone formation to bridge the gap include the application of stem cells on the fracture side. While most studies investigated the use of mesenchymal stromal cells, less evidence exists about induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). In this study, we investigated the potential of mouse iPSC-loaded scaffolds and decellularized scaffolds containing extracellular matrix from iPSCs for treating critical-size bone defects in a mouse model. In vitro differentiation followed by Alizarin Red staining and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed the osteogenic differentiation potential of the iPSCs lines. Subsequently, an in vivo trial using a mouse model (n = 12) for critical-size bone defect was conducted, in which a PLGA/aCaP osteoconductive scaffold was transplanted into the bone defect for 9 weeks. Three groups (each n = 4) were defined as (1) osteoconductive scaffold only (control), (2) iPSC-derived extracellular matrix seeded on a scaffold and (3) iPSC seeded on a scaffold. Micro-CT and histological analysis show that iPSCs grafted onto an osteoconductive scaffold followed by induction of osteogenic differentiation resulted in significantly higher bone volume 9 weeks after implantation than an osteoconductive scaffold alone. Transplantation of iPSC-seeded PLGA/aCaP scaffolds may improve bone regeneration in critical-size bone defects in mice.
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Li, Ming, Jianheng Liu, Xiang Cui, et al. "Osteogenesis effects of magnetic nanoparticles modified-porous scaffolds for the reconstruction of bone defect after bone tumor resection." Regenerative Biomaterials 6, no. 6 (2019): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rb/rbz019.
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Abstract The treatment of bone defect after bone tumor resection is a great challenge for orthopedic surgeons. It should consider that not only to inhibit tumor growth and recurrence, but also to repair the defect and preserve the limb function. Hence, it is necessary to find an ideal functional biomaterial that can repair bone defects and inactivate tumor. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have its unique advantages to achieve targeted hyperthermia to avoid damage to surrounding normal tissues and promote osteoblastic activity and bone formation. Based on the previous stage, we successfully prepared hydroxyapatite (HAP) composite poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds and verified its good osteogenic properties, in this study, we produced an HAP composite PLGA scaffolds modified with MNPs. The composite scaffold showed appropriate porosity and mechanical characteristics, while MNPs possessed excellent magnetic and thermal properties. The cytological assay indicated that the MNPs have antitumor ability and the composite scaffold possessed good biocompatibility. In vivo bone defect repair experiment revealed that the composite scaffold had good osteogenic capacity. Hence, we could demonstrate that the composite scaffolds have a good effect in bone repair, which could provide a potential approach for repairing bone defect after bone tumor excision.
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Zhou, Shuai, Shihang Liu, Yan Wang, et al. "Advances in the Study of Bionic Mineralized Collagen, PLGA, Magnesium Ionomer Materials, and Their Composite Scaffolds for Bone Defect Treatment." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 14, no. 8 (2023): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14080406.
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The healing of bone defects after a fracture remains a key issue to be addressed. Globally, more than 20 million patients experience bone defects annually. Among all artificial bone repair materials that can aid healing, implantable scaffolds made from a mineralized collagen (MC) base have the strongest bionic properties. The MC/PLGA scaffold, created by adding Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) copolymer (PLGA) and magnesium metal to the MC substrate, plays a powerful role in promoting fracture healing because, on the one hand, it has good biocompatibility similar to that of MC; on the other hand, the addition of PLGA provides the scaffold with an interconnected porous structure, and the addition of magnesium allows the scaffold to perform anti-inflammatory, osteogenic, and angiogenic activities. Using the latest 3D printing technology for scaffold fabrication, it is possible to model the scaffold in advance according to the requirement and produce a therapeutic scaffold suitable for various bone-defect shapes with less time and effort, which can promote bone tissue healing and regeneration to the maximum extent. This study reviews the material selection and technical preparation of MC/PLGA scaffolds, and the progress of their research on bone defect treatment.
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Lim, Jin Xi, Min He, and Alphonsus Khin Sze Chong. "3D-printed Poly-Lactic Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) scaffolds in non-critical bone defects impede bone regeneration in rabbit tibia bone." Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering 32, no. 6 (2021): 375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bme-216017.
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BACKGROUND: An increasing number of bone graft materials are commercially available and vary in their composition, mechanism of action, costs, and indications. OBJECTIVE: A commercially available PLGA scaffold produced using 3D printing technology has been used to promote the preservation of the alveolar socket after tooth extraction. We examined its influence on bone regeneration in long bones of New Zealand White rabbits. METHODS: 5.0-mm-diameter circular defects were created on the tibia bones of eight rabbits. Two groups were studied: (1) control group, in which the bone defects were left empty; (2) scaffold group, in which the PLGA scaffolds were implanted into the bone defect. Radiography was performed every two weeks postoperatively. After sacrifice, bone specimens were isolated and examined by micro-computed tomography and histology. RESULTS: Scaffolds were not degraded by eight weeks after surgery. Micro-computed tomography and histology showed that in the region of bone defects that was occupied by scaffolds, bone regeneration was compromised and the total bone volume/total volume ratio (BV/TV) was significantly lower. CONCLUSION: The implantation of this scaffold impedes bone regeneration in a non-critical bone defect. Implantation of bone scaffolds, if unnecessary, lead to a slower rate of fracture healing.
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Kim, You Min, Min-Soo Ghim, Meiling Quan, Young Yul Kim, and Young-Sam Cho. "Experimental Verification of the Impact of the Contact Area between the Defect Site and the Scaffold on Bone Regeneration Efficacy." Polymers 16, no. 3 (2024): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16030338.
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In the field of bone tissue engineering, which is being developed for the ideal restoration of bone defects, researchers are exploring the improvement of the bone regeneration efficacy of scaffolds through various approaches involving osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and angiogenic factors. In the current trend of research, there is also a suggestion that the topological factors of recent scaffolds may influence the attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of bone cells. Building upon experimental confirmation of the effect of scaffold conformity with the defect site on enhanced bone regeneration in previous studies, we conducted this research to experimentally investigate the relationship between contact area with the defect site and bone regeneration efficacy. The results demonstrated that as the contact area of the scaffold increased, not only did the resistance to bone tissue growth increase, more significant bone regeneration also occurred, as evidenced through histological analysis and micro-CT analysis. This research confirms that the contact area between the scaffold and the defect site is a critical variable affecting bone regeneration efficacy, emphasizing its importance when designing customized scaffolds. This finding holds promising implications for future studies and applications in the field.
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Chen, Shuang S., Ophir Ortiz, Alexandra K. Pastino, et al. "Hybrid Bone Scaffold Induces Bone Bridging in Goat Calvarial Critical Size Defects Without Growth Factor Augmentation." Regenerative Engineering and Translational Medicine 6, no. 2 (2020): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40883-019-00144-z.
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Abstract In the present study, a series of four different scaffolds were comparatively evaluated in a goat calvarial critical size defect model. Such studies are only rarely reported in the literature. In our work, E1001(1k), a member of a large combinational library of tyrosine-derived polycarbonates (TyrPC), was used to prepare two calcium phosphate hybrid, biodegradable bone scaffolds. In one formulation, the widely used β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was incorporated into the polymer scaffold. In the second formulation, a coating of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD, also known as brushite) was used as the mineral phase. These scaffolds were evaluated for bone regeneration in goat calvarial 20-mm critical size defects (CSD) after 16 weeks. Results were compared with chronOS (a clinically used product) and E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds, augmented with 400 μg of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometry were used to assess bone regeneration within the defects. Histomorphometry showed that rhBMP-2-augmented E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds completely healed the defect in all animals within 16 weeks. Among the hybrid scaffolds that were not augmented with rhBMP-2, the degree of bone regeneration within the defect area was low for the clinically used chronOS, which is a poly(lactide co-ε-caprolactone)/β-TCP hybrid scaffold. Similar results were obtained for E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds, indicating that replacing poly(lactide co-ε-caprolactone) with E1001(1k) does not improve bone regeneration is this model. However, a statistically significant improvement of bone regeneration was observed for E1001(1k)/DCPD scaffolds. These scaffolds resulted in significant levels of bone regeneration in all animals and in complete bridging of the defect in three of six tests. This is the first report of a synthetic bone scaffold being able to heal a critical size calvarial defect in a large animal model without the addition of exogenous growth factors. Lay Summary Reconstruction of large bone defects is a significant clinical problem. The overwhelming majority of all research results are obtained in vitro or in small animal models (mouse, rat, rabbit) that cannot predict the clinical outcomes in humans. We address this problem by conducting our studies in a goat calvarial critical size defect model, which is widely regarded as predictive of human outcomes. Among the three rhBMP-2-free scaffolds tested, only one specific formulation, E1001(1k)/DCPD, resulted in massive bone ingrowth into the center of the defect in all animals and in complete bridging of the defect 50% of the animals. This is the first time, a synthetic bone scaffold was able to heal a critical size calvarial defect in a large animal model without the addition of biological growth factors. Given the high cost of biologically enhanced bone grafts and the regulatory complexities of their FDA market clearance, the development of E1001(1k)/DCPD hybrid scaffolds addresses a significant clinical need.
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Mi, Xue, Zhenya Su, Yu Fu, Shiqi Li, and Anchun Mo. "3D printing of Ti3C2-MXene-incorporated composite scaffolds for accelerated bone regeneration." Biomedical Materials 17, no. 3 (2022): 035002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-605x/ac5ffe.
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Abstract Grafting of bone-substitute biomaterials plays a vital role in the reconstruction of bone defects. However, the design of bioscaffolds with osteoinductive agents and biomimetic structures for regeneration of critical-sized bone defects is difficult. Ti3C2 MXene—belonging to a new class of 2D nanomaterials—exhibits excellent biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties, and promotes osteogenesis. However, its application in preparing 3D-printed tissue-engineered bone scaffolds for repairing bone defects has not been explored. In this work, Ti3C2 MXene was incorporated into composite scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite and sodium alginate via extrusion-based 3D printing to evaluate its potential in bone regeneration. MXene composite scaffolds were fabricated and characterized by SEM, XPS, mechanical properties and porosity. The biocompatibility and osteoinductivity of MXene composite scaffolds were evaluated by cell adhesion, cell counting kit-8 test, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red S tests of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). A rat calvarial defect model was performed to explore the osteogenic activity of the MXene composite scaffolds in vivo. The results showed the obtained scaffold had a uniform structure, macropore morphology, and high mechanical strength. In vitro experimental results revealed that the scaffold exhibited excellent biocompatibility with BMSCs, promoted cell proliferation, upregulated osteogenic gene expression, enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity, and promoted mineralized-nodule formation. The experimental results confirmed that the scaffold effectively promoted bone regeneration in a model of critical-sized calvarial- bone-defect in vivo and promoted bone healing to a significantly greater degree than scaffolds without added Ti3C2 MXene did. Conclusively, the Ti3C2 MXene composite 3D-printed scaffolds are promising for clinical bone defect treatment, and the results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the development of practical applications for tissue-engineered bone scaffolds.
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Bergmann, Christian J. D., Jim C. E. Odekerken, Tim J. M. Welting, et al. "Calcium Phosphate Based Three-Dimensional Cold Plotted Bone Scaffolds for Critical Size Bone Defects." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/852610.
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Bone substitutes, like calcium phosphate, are implemented more frequently in orthopaedic surgery to reconstruct critical size defects, since autograft often results in donor site morbidity and allograft can transmit diseases. A novel bone cement, based onβ-tricalcium phosphate, polyethylene glycol, and trisodium citrate, was developed to allow the rapid manufacturing of scaffolds, by extrusion freeform fabrication, at room temperature. The cement composition exhibits good resorption properties and serves as a basis for customised (e.g., drug or growth factor loaded) scaffolds for critical size bone defects.In vitrotoxicity tests confirmed proliferation and differentiation of ATDC5 cells in scaffold-conditioned culture medium. Implantation of scaffolds in the iliac wing of sheep showed bone remodelling throughout the defects, outperforming the empty defects on both mineral volume and density present in the defect after 12 weeks. Both scaffolds outperformed the autograft filled defects on mineral density, while the mineral volume present in the scaffold treated defects was at least equal to the mineral volume present in the autograft treated defects. We conclude that the formulated bone cement composition is suitable for scaffold production at room temperature and that the established scaffold material can serve as a basis for future bone substitutes to enhancede novobone formation in critical size defects.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Scaffold Bone Defect"
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Lui, Yuk-fai, and 呂旭輝. "Evaluation of porous polyurethane scaffold on facilitating healing in critical sized bone defect." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49858865.
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Bone graft substitute is a continuously developing field in orthopedics. When compared to tradition biomaterial in the field such as PLA or PCL, elastomer like polyurethane offers advantages in its high elasticity and flexibility, which establish an intimate contact with surrounding bones. This tight contact can provide a stable bone-material interface for cell proliferation and ingrowth of bone. The aim of this study is to evaluate the osteogenesis capabilities of a porous polyurethane scaffold in a critical size bone defect. In this study, a porous scaffold synthesized from segmented polyurethane is put under in vitro and in vivo tests to evaluate its potential in acting as a bone graft substitute for critical size bone defects. In vitro results indicate osteoblast-like cells are proliferating on the polyurethane scaffold during the 21-days experiment. Cells express their normal morphology when seeded on polyurethane under fluorescent staining. Although cells show a relatively lower cell activity then that seeded on culture plate, they share a similar alkaline phosphatase activity profile with the controls during the experiment period. In the in vivo animal model, reconstructed images from micro CT scanning indicates there are bone ingrowth inside the scaffold. Histology also indicates a tight interface has formed between bone and polyurethane, with osteogenic cells proliferating on the surface. The result has indicates polyurethane is a potential material for orthopedics in acting as a bone graft substitute.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Orthopaedics and Traumatology<br>Master<br>Master of Philosophy
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Wojtowicz, Abigail M. "Genetically-engineered bone marrow stromal cells and collagen mimetic scaffold modification for healing critically-sized bone defects." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34705.
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Non-healing bone defects have a significant socioeconomic impact in the U.S. with approximately 600,000 bone grafting procedures performed annually. Autografts and allografts are clinically the most common treatments; however, autologous donor bone is in limited supply, and allografts often have poor mechanical properties. Therefore, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies are being developed to address issues with clinical bone grafting. The overall objective of this work was to develop bone tissue engineering strategies that enhance healing of orthotopic defects by targeting specific osteogenic cell signaling pathways. The general approach included the investigation of two different tissue engineering strategies, which both focused on directed osteoblastic differentiation to promote bone formation.
In the first cell-based strategy, we hypothesized that constitutive overexpression of the osteoblast-specific transcription factor, Runx2, in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) would promote orthotopic bone formation in vivo. We tested this hypothesis by delivering Runx2-modified BMSCs on synthetic scaffolds to critically-sized defects in rats. We found that Runx2-modified BMSCs significantly increased orthotopic bone formation compared to empty defects, cell-free scaffolds and unmodified BMSCs. This gene therapy approach to bone regeneration provides a mineralizing cell source which has clinical relevance.
In the second biomaterial-based strategy, we hypothesized that incorporation of the collagen-mimetic peptide, GFOGER, into synthetic bone scaffolds would promote orthotopic bone formation in vivo without the use of cells or growth factors. We tested this hypothesis by passively adsorbing GFOGER onto poly-caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds and implanting them into critically-sized orthotopic defects in rats. We found that GFOGER-coated scaffolds significantly increased bone formation compared to uncoated scaffolds in a dose dependent manner. Development of this cell-free strategy for bone tissue engineering provides an inexpensive therapeutic alternative to clinical bone defect healing, which could be implemented as a point of care application.
Both strategies developed in this work take advantage of specific osteoblastic signaling pathways involved in bone healing. Further development of these tissue engineering strategies for bone regeneration will provide clinically-relevant treatment options for healing large bone defects in humans by employing well-controlled signals to promote bone formation and eliminating the need for donor bone.
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Hart, Amanda Peter. "BONE ENGINEERING OF THE ULNA OF RABBIT." UKnowledge, 2005. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/199.
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Repair of bone defects is a major challenge in orthopaedic surgery. Current bone graft treatments, including autografts, allografts and xenografts, have many limitations making it necessary to develop a biomaterial to be a bone graft substitute. One such biomaterial is bioactive resorbable silica-calcium phosphate nanocomposite (SCPC). SCPC was processed using a 3D rapid prototyping technique and sintered at different temperatures to create porous scaffolds. SEM analyses and mercury intrusion porosimetry showed SCPC to be highly porous with micro- and nanopores. BET analysis indicated that SCPC had high surface area. Mechanical testing demonstrated that SCPC had a compressive strength similar to trabecular bone. Analysis of different thermal treatment temperatures indicated as the temperature was increased, the porosity decreased and the mechanical strength increased. When loaded with rhBMP-2 (SCPC-rhBMP-2), SCPC provided a sustained release profile of rhBMP-2 for 14 days. This was shown to be a greater release than hydroxyapatite (HA)-rhBMP-2. After immersion in SBF, ICP analyses showed the calcium concentration of SBF dropped drastically after one day of immersion. In conjunction, FTIR showed the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer on the SCPC surface and was confirmed by SEM. SCPC thermally treated at 850 ??C demonstrated the greatest dissolution/precipitation reactions when immersed in SBF. Processing the SCPC-rhBMP-2 hybrid using a rapid prototyping technique allowed for an exact replica of the rabbit ulna to be fabricated. This was implanted into a 10 mm segmental defect in the rabbit ulna. CT scans during the healing of the defect showed intimate union between SCPC-rhBMP-2 and the bone and about 65% healing of the defect after 4 weeks. Rabbits were euthanized after 12 and 16 weeks. Digital images show almost complete healing of the defect after 16 weeks. Torsional testing of the ulna after 12 weeks demonstrated restoration of maximum torque and angle at failure. Histological evaluation after 12 weeks showed the regenerated bone has all the morphological characteristics of mature bone. Through in-vitro and in-vivo testing, it can be recommended that the porous bioactive SCPC can serve as a successful delivery system for biological growth factors and serve as an alternative to autologous bone grafting.
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Blomberger, Daniela. "Development of a novel Voronoi structured scaffold for critical-size bone defects." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/206168/1/Daniela_Blomberger_Thesis.pdf.
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Over the last decade, technological development has led to a revolution in the treatment of bone injuries. Few technologies hold more promise than 3D printing of biological material, which includes the field of bone science. This dissertation focused on 3D printed biodegradable scaffolds by using a novel Voronoy structured scaffold for critical-size bone defects that follows the definitions defined by mathematician Georgy Voronoy. These offer innovative healing opportunities for patients experiencing large bone defects, induced either by accidental or pathological causes, to regenerate the damaged tissues by using a scaffold as a structural skeleton for cell interaction and mechanical stability.
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Reichert, Johannes Christian. "Tissue engineering bone - reconstruction of critical sized segmental bone defects in a large animal model." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/48080/1/Johannes_Reichert_Thesis.pdf.
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Currently, well established clinical therapeutic approaches for bone reconstruction are restricted to the transplantation of autografts and allografts, and the implantation of metal devices or ceramic-based implants to assist bone regeneration. Bone grafts possess osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, their application, however, is associated with disadvantages. These include limited access and availability, donor site morbidity and haemorrhage, increased risk of infection, and insufficient transplant integration. As a result, recent research focuses on the development of complementary therapeutic concepts. The field of tissue engineering has emerged as an important alternative approach to bone regeneration. Tissue engineering unites aspects of cellular biology, biomechanical engineering, biomaterial sciences and trauma and orthopaedic surgery. To obtain approval by regulatory bodies for these novel therapeutic concepts the level of therapeutic benefit must be demonstrated rigorously in well characterized, clinically relevant animal models. Therefore, in this PhD project, a reproducible and clinically relevant, ovine, critically sized, high load bearing, tibial defect model was established and characterized as a prerequisite to assess the regenerative potential of a novel treatment concept in vivo involving a medical grade polycaprolactone and tricalciumphosphate based composite scaffold and recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins.
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Henkel, Jan. "Bone tissue engineering in two preclinical ovine animal models." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/109909/1/Jan_Henkel_Thesis.pdf.
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This PhD-research was focused on the development and evaluation of innovative scaffold-based bone tissue engineering concepts for the treatment of large volume bone defects, which still represent a major challenge in orthopaedic and reconstructive surgery. Two different types of bone tissue engineering constructs were investigated and successfully applied to regenerate critically-sized segmental bone defects in ovine animal models. The results outlined in the PhD thesis represent a significant contribution to potential future clinical translations of bone tissue engineering concepts from bench to bedside.
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Heidarkhan, Tehrani Ashkan. "Exploring methods of preparing functional cartilage-bone xenografts for joint repair." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/90556/1/Ashkan_Heidarkhan%20Tehrani_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis explores the feasibility of donor-receiver concept for joint replacement where cartilage-bone tissues can be taken from either human or other mammals and prepared scientifically for repairing focal joint defects in knees, hips and shoulders. The manufactured construct is immunologically inert and is capable of acting as a scaffold for engineering new cartilage-bone laminates when placed in the joint. Innovative manufacturing procedures and assessment techniques were developed for appraising this tissue-based scaffold. This research has demonstrated that tissue replacement technology can be applied in situations where blood vessels are absent such as in articular cartilage.
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Tim, Carla Roberta. "Efeitos do laser de baixa intensidade e do Scaffold de Biosilicato® no processo de reparação óssea." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6973.
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Previous issue date: 2011-02-24<br>Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos<br>Several resources have been studied in order to accelerate the process of bone repair. Among these resources, bioactive materials and low level laser therapy (LLLT) have gained prominence. Several studies suggest that both resources are able of stimulating osteoblast proliferation and osteogenesis at the fracture site, promoting a greater deposition of bone mass, which is fundamental for the consolidation process. Within this context, this project aimed to assess the effects of LLLT (_ = 830nm), with the fluencies of 120J/cm ² and scaffold Biosilicate®, used associated or not, on consolidation of induced tibial bone defects in the rats. In this study it was used 40 male Wistar rats (3 months ± 250g) divided into four groups (with 10 animals each): group control bone defect without any treatment (GC), group bone defect irradiated with LLLT 830nm (GL); group bone defect treated with implantation of scaffolds Biosilicate ® (GB); group bone defect treated with implantation of scaffolds Biosilicate ® and LLLT 830nm (GBL). The animals were submitted to laser irradiation (Ga-As-Al, 830nm, 100mW) at a single point on the bone defect for eight sessions, on alternate days. The euthanasia of animals occurred at day 15 after surgery, 24 hours after the last laser treatment session. Morphological analysis revealed that the laser group, showed better tissue organization in relation to other groups. Furthermore, morphometric analysis revealed that the irradiated animals showed a higher amount of newly formed bone compared to the other groups. The expression of COX-2 and RUNX-2/CBFA-1 were higher in GB and GBL groups. Also, biomechanical analysis revealed no statistical differences among experimental groups. From the results obtained in this study, it is possible to suggest that both treatments had osteogenic potential 15 days after surgery, but the LLLT was more effective in bone repair when compared to the biomaterials, or even when the two treatment modalities were associated.<br>Vários recursos têm sido estudados com o intuito de acelerar o processo de reparação óssea. Dentre esses recursos, os materiais bioativos e a Terapia Laser de Baixa Intensidade (LLLT) vêm se destacando, vários estudos sugerem que ambos os recursos são capazes de estimular a proliferação de osteoblastos e a osteogênese no local da fratura, promovendo maior deposição de massa óssea, fundamental para o processo de consolidação. Dentro deste contexto, esse projeto teve como objetivo verificar os efeitos da LLLT (_ = 830nm), com fluência de 120J/cm² e do scaffold de Biosilicato®, utilizados independentemente ou associados na consolidação de defeitos ósseos induzidos em tíbias de ratos. Foram utilizados 40 ratos machos da linhagem Wistar (3 meses de idade ± 250 gramas) distribuídos em 4 grupos experimentais com 10 animais cada: grupo controle com defeito ósseo e sem tratamento (GC); grupo defeito ósseo tratado com Laser 830nm (GL); grupo defeito ósseo tratado com implante de scaffolds de Biosilicato® (GB); grupo defeito ósseo tratado com implante de scaffolds de Biosilicato® e Laser 830nm (GBL). Os animais foram submetidos a irradiação Laser (Ga-As-Al, 830nm, 100mW) em um único ponto sobre o defeito ósseo por oito sessões de tratamento, em dias alternados. A eutanásia dos animais aconteceu no 15º dia após a cirurgia, 24 horas após a última sessão de tratamento Laser. A análise morfológica revelou que o grupo Laser, apresentou melhor organização tecidual em relação os demais grupos experimentais. Além disso, a análise morfométrica evidenciou uma maior quantidade de osso neoformado no grupo tratado com Laser comparado aos animais dos demais grupos. A expressão à COX-2 e a RUNX-2/CBFA-1 mostrou-se mais intensa nos grupos GB e GBL e na análise biomecânica não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos experimentais. A partir dos resultados obtidos neste estudo, pode-se sugerir que ambos os tratamentos apresentaram potencial osteogênico 15 dias após a cirurgia, porém a Terapia Laser de Baixa Intensidade foi mais eficaz no processo de reparo ósseo, quando comparado ao biomaterial, ou mesmo quando as duas modalidades de tratamento foram associadas.
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Jones, Brendan John. "Reconstruction of critical-sized ovine mandibular defects - a pilot study." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/72238/1/Brendan_Jones_Thesis.pdf.
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Establishing the sheep model for translational research of mandible (jaw) segmental defect regeneration. Providing a framework from which additional experimentation and evaluation of novel tissue engineered constructs may be undertaken, compared and collated. For current and future novel approaches to mandible segmental defect reconstruction that may be transferable to the human condition and, ultimately, the operative table.
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Rentsch, Claudia, Wolfgang Schneiders, Ricarda Hess, et al. "Healing properties of surface-coated polycaprolactone-co-lactide scaffolds: A pilot study in sheep." Sage, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35693.
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The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the bioactive, surface-coated polycaprolactone-co-lactide scaffolds as bone implants in a tibia critical size defect model. Polycaprolactone-co-lactide scaffolds were coated with collagen type I and chondroitin sulfate and 30 piled up polycaprolactone-co-lactide scaffolds were implanted into a 3 cm sheep tibia critical size defect for 3 or 12 months (n¼5 each). Bone healing was estimated by quantification of bone volume in the defects on computer tomography and microcomputer tomography scans, plain radiographs, biomechanical testing as well as by histological evaluations. New bone formation occurred at the proximal and distal ends of the tibia in both groups. The current pilot study revealed a mean new bone formation of 63% and 172% after 3 and 12 months, respectively. The bioactive, surface coated, highly porous three-dimensional polycaprolactone-co-lactide scaffold stack itself acted as a guide rail for new bone formation along and into the implant. These preliminary data are encouraging for future experiments with a larger group of animals.
Books on the topic "Scaffold Bone Defect"
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Goldberg, Cory S. Bone engineering in a rabbit craniotomy defect using a composite biodegradable scaffold. National Library of Canada, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Scaffold Bone Defect"
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Yoon, Sun Jung, Ki Suk Park, Bang Sil Choi, et al. "Effect of DBP/PLGA Hybrid Scaffold on Angiogenesis during the Repair of Calvarial Bone Defect." In Advanced Biomaterials VII. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-436-7.161.
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Abdullah, Amira Raudhah, and Intan Maslina Musa. "Establishment of Femoral Bone Defect Model in Sprague-Dawley Rat for Engineered Scaffold Implantation: A Pilot Study." In IFMBE Proceedings. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61628-0_3.
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Min, D. H., M. J. Kim, J. H. Yun, et al. "Effect of Calcium Phosphate Glass Scaffold with Chitosan Membrane on the Healing of Alveolar Bone in 1 Wall Intrabony Defect in the Beagle Dogs." In Bioceramics 17. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-961-x.851.
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Daskalakis, Evangelos, Enes Aslan, Fengyuan Liu, et al. "Composite Scaffolds for Large Bone Defects." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29041-2_31.
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Metzelder, M. L., and G. H. Willital. "Defekt-Auffüllung mit VITOSS Bone-Scaffold bei zystischen Knochenveränderungen im Kindesalter." In Zurück in die Zukunft. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55611-1_484.
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Pavesio, Alessandra, Giovanni Abatangelo, Anna Borrione, et al. "Hyaluronan-Based Scaffolds (Hyalograft® C) in the Treatment of Knee Cartilage Defects: Preliminary Clinical Findings." In Tissue Engineering of Cartilage and Bone. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470867973.ch15.
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Alshammari, Adel, Fahad Alabdah, Lipeng Song, and Glen Cooper. "Computational Analysis of Large Bone Defect Healing Using Bone Tissue Scaffolds, Degradation, and Growth Factor Delivery: A Mechanobiological Model of Bone Tissue Formation." In IFMBE Proceedings. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61625-9_25.
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Park, Min Sung, Young Mee Jung, Soo Hyun Kim, et al. "Regeneration of Bone Defect Using Micro-Bioceramic PLLA Polymer Scaffolds Synthesized by Nonsolvent and Solvent Method." In Advanced Biomaterials VII. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-436-7.145.
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Rajkumar, Abhishek Verma, Anupam Yadav, Janakarajan Ramkumar, and Kantesh Balani. "Finite Element Analysis on the Biomechanical Stability of TPMS-Based Scaffolds for Large Segmental Femur Bone Defect." In Springer Proceedings in Materials. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5963-7_30.
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Rahaman, Mohamed N., Yinan Lin, Wei Xiao, X. Liu, and B. Sonny Bal. "Evaluation of Long-Term Bone Regeneration in Rat Calvarial Defects Implanted With Strong Porous Bioactive Glass (13-93) Scaffolds." In Ceramic Transactions Series. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119190134.ch9.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Scaffold Bone Defect"
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Cheng, XingGuo, Sapna Desai, Gloria Gutierrez, et al. "Promising Biological Performance of Biodegradable 3D Coated Mg Alloy Bone Scaffold." In CORROSION 2012. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01178.
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Abstract Mg alloy in the solid monolith forms has been investigated as a promising orthopedic implant. Different coating techniques have also been developed to control the bio-corrosion and improve the biocompatibility. In the current study, we design novel 3D Mg alloy scaffolds by rolling thin stiff sheets into hollow cylindrical scaffolds. Such designed scaffolds mimic the basic shape of the cortical bone while reduce the amount of alloy used. These scaffolds were further coated with biocompatible coatings to improve the biocompatiblity. Finally, they were tested in vitro using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and in vivo using both rats and rabbits models. Our results demonstrated that coating significantly alter the bio-corrosion behavior and improve the biocompatibility. After 12 weeks of implantation in a critical-size ulna defect in rabbits, the scaffolds lead to different degree of radiographic unions and partial restoration of biomechanical strength in the defect. Post-implantation serum c-reactive protein measurement indicated a moderate level of immune response to the implants. Significantly bony tissue growth was observed both inside and outside the implants. This result suggests our designed and coated Mg alloy might be used as a promising scaffold for bone repair and regeneration.
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Russo, Alessandro, Silvia Panseri, Tatiana Shelyakova, et al. "Critical Long Bone Defect Treated by Magnetic Scaffolds and Fixed by Permanent Magnets." In ASME 2013 2nd Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2013-93193.
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Diaphyseal bone defect represents a significant problem for orthopaedic surgeons and patients. In order to improve and fasten bone regenerating process we implanted HA biodegradable magnetized scaffolds in a large animal model critical bone defect. A critical long bone defect was created in 6 sheep metatarsus diaphysis; then we implanted a novel porous ceramic composite scaffold (20.0 mm in length; 6.00 mm inner diameter and 17.00 mm outer diameter), made of Hydroxyapatite that incorporates magnetite (HA/Mgn 90/10), proximally fixated by two small cylindrical permanent parylene coated NdFeB magnets (one 6.00 mm diameter magnetic rod firmly incorporated into the scaffold and one 8.00 mm diameter magnetic rods fitted into proximal medullary canal, both 10.00 mm long); to give stability to the complex bone-scaffold-bone, screws and plate was used as a bridge. Scaffolds biocompatibility was previously assessed in vitro using human osteoblast-like cells. Magnetic forces through scaffold were calculated by finite element software (COMSOL Multiphysics, AC/DC Model). One week after surgery, magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were injected at the mid portion of the scaffold using a cutaneous marker positioned during surgery as reference point. After sixteen weeks, sheep were sacrificed to analyze metatarsi. Macroscopical, radiological and microCT examinations were performed. Macroscopical examination shows bone tissue formation inside scaffold pores and with complete coverage of scaffolds, in particular at magnetized bone-scaffold interface. X-rays show a good integration of the scaffold with a good healing process of critical bone defect, and without scaffolds mobilization. These datas were confirmed by the microCT that shown new formation of bone inside the scaffolds, in particular at magnetized bone-scaffold interface. These preliminary results lead our research to exploiting magnetic forces to stimulate bone formation, as attested in both in vitro and in vivo models and to improve fixation at bone scaffold interface, as calculated by finite element software, and moreover to guide targeted drug delivery without functionalized magnetic nanoparticles dissemination in all body. Histological analysis will be performed to confirm and quantify bone tissue regeneration at both interfaces.
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Yanoso, Laura, Justin Jacobson, Tulin Dadali, David Reynolds, and Hani Awad. "Evaluation of Polylactic Acid/Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds as Segmental Bone Graft Substitutes." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192978.
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The use of processed structural allografts for treatment of massive segmental defects in long bones can be complicated by poor incorporation and remodeling of the devitalized graft, foreign-body reaction and micro-damage accumulation which often leads to catastrophic graft failure [1]. It is therefore useful to develop a bioengineered, biodegradable scaffold that is able to stimulate healing of the defect region. The use of bioengineered scaffolds has been limited due to their poor mechanical strength that does not permit withstanding large in vivo loads and due to their poor osteoinductive properties. We therefore investigated the use of rigid polylactic acid/beta-tricalcium phosphate (PLA/βTCP) composites used in conjunction with osteoinductive factors such as growth hormones (parathyroid hormone (PTH)) and growth factors (bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) & vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) to stimulate bone formation and vessel ingrowth in the segmental defect region. We examined the physical characteristics of the scaffolds, and evaluated their osteoinductive potential in a clinically-relevant mouse model of a femoral segmental defect with or without PTH treatment. Finally, we used an ectopic bone formation model to assess the efficacy of the scaffold in site-specific delivery of bone anabolic factors.
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Gupta, Akash, Kyung Chil Chung, Ryan J. Quigley, Bong Jae Jun, and Thay Q. Lee. "Evaluation of Scaffold Fixation for Treatment of Osteochondral Defects of the Knee." In ASME 2010 5th Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/biomed2010-32050.
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Articular cartilage damage is a common source of knee pain that can be treated with autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). Fixation of the scaffolds can be accomplished by various means with bone sutures being the most effective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fixation of a new scaffold with three bone sutures after cycling with continuous passive motion (CPM). Two defects, each of 20mm diameter and 5mm depth, were created per knee and the scaffold was fixed with three bone sutures at the 12 o’clock, 4 o’clock and 8 o’clock positions. Knees were then cycled from 0 degrees to 74 degrees to 0 degrees on a CPM machine for a total of 210 cycles and the scaffolds were then evaluated for fixation, fraying and delaminations. All scaffolds were noted to have remained fixed inside the defect. Fraying occurred in 16 out of the 20 scaffolds and delaminations occurred in 12 out of the 20. Only two scaffolds were completely free of both fraying and delaminations. Fraying occurred in 32.5% of the circumference of medial scaffolds while only 15.0% in lateral scaffolds. Fraying occurred mostly over flush areas and the least over recessed areas. Overall, three bone sutures provided excellent fixation of this scaffold. If at all possible, the scaffold should be recessed into the defect to minimize the amount of fraying that occurs.
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Lu, Lin, David Wootton, Peter I. Lelkes, and Jack Zhou. "Bone Scaffold Fabrication System Study." In ASME 2007 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2007-31219.
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Musculoskeletal conditions are a major health concern in United States because of a large aging population and increased occurrence of sport-related injuries. The need for bone substitutes is especially important. Traditional treatments of bone-defect have many limitations. Bone tissue engineering may offer a less painful alternative to traditional bone grafts with lower risk of infection. This research integrates biomimetic modeling, solid freedom fabrication (SFF), systems and control, and tissue engineering in one intelligent system for structured, highly porous biomaterials, which will be applied to bone scaffolds. Recently a new SFF-based fabrication system has been developed, which uses a pressurized extrusion to print highly biocompatible and water soluble sucrose bone scaffold porogens. The fabrication process for PCL scaffold implemented and tested using the newly developed porogen system. The resultant scaffold demonstrates the defined porous structure designed into the sucrose porogens. The viscosity of sucrose mixture has been tested and analyzed. The flow rate measurements of sucrose machine have been carried out. The input factor, which induced uncertainty in the flow rate of the microprinting system has been analyzed. The result showed that the reservoir pressure was dominant to determine the flow rate. This is very important for improving the quality control of our fabrication system.
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Cohen, David O., Sohaila M. G. Aboutaleb, Amy Wagoner Johnson, and Julian A. Norato. "Computational Design of Additively Manufactured Curvilinear Scaffolds for Bone Repair." In ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-90582.
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Abstract This work introduces a computational method for designing ceramic scaffolds fabricated via direct ink writing (DIW) for maximum bone growth, whereby the deposited rods are curvilinear. A mechanobiological model of bone adaptation is used to compute bone growth into the scaffold, taking into account the shape of the defect, the applied loading, and the density distribution of bone in which the scaffold is implanted. The method ensures smooth, continuously varying rod contours are produced which are ideal for the DIW process. The method uses level sets of radial basis functions to fully define the scaffold geometry with a small number of design variables, minimizing the optimization’s computational cost. Effective elastic and diffusive properties of the scaffold as a function of the scaffold design and the bone density are obtained from previously constructed surrogates. These property surrogates are in turn used to perform bone adaptation simulations of the scaffold-bone system. Design sensitivities of the bone ingrowth within the scaffold are efficiently obtained using a finite difference scheme implemented in parallel. A demonstration of the methodology on a scaffold implanted in a pig mandible is presented. The scaffold is optimized to maximize bone ingrowth with geometric constraints to conform to the manufacturing process.
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Lu, Lin, Robert S. Dembzynski, Mark J. Mondrinos, David Wootton, Peter I. Lelkes, and Jack Zhou. "Manufacturing System Development for Fabrication of Bone Scaffold." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80937.
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Musculoskeletal conditions are a major health concern in United States because of a large aging population and increased occurrence of sport-related injuries. The need for bone substitutes is especially important. Traditional treatments of bone-defect have many of limitations. Bone tissue engineering may offer a less painful alternative to traditional bone grafts with lower risk of infection. This research integrates biomimetic modeling, solid freeform fabrication (SFF), systems and control, and tissue engineering in one intelligent system for structured, highly porous biomaterials, which will be applied to bone scaffolds. Currently a new SFF-based fabrication system has been developed, which uses a pressurized extrusion to print highly biocompatible and water soluble sucrose bone scaffold porogens. To date, this system can build simple bone structures. In parallel we are utilizing a commercial rapid prototyping (RP) machine to fabricate thermoplastic porogens of various designs to determine the feasibility of injecting a highly viscous scaffold material into porogens. Materials which have been successfully used to make scaffolds by injection include calcium phosphate cement (CPC), molten poly-caprolactone (PCL), 90/10 and 80/20 (v/v %) composite of PCL and calcium phosphate (CaPO4,). Results presented for the injection method include characterization of attainable feature resolution of the RP machine, as well as preliminary cell-biomaterial interaction data demonstrating biocompatibility of CPC scaffolds. The preliminary results using a commercial rapid prototyping machine have demonstrated that the indirect porogen technique can improve 2–4 folds the resolution of SFF system in fabricating bone scaffolds. The resultant scaffolds demonstrate that the defined porous structures will be suitable for tissue engineering applications.
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Abdelgaber, Yousef, Cole Klemstine, Logan Lawrence, James B. Day, Pier Paolo Claudio, and Roozbeh (Ross) Salary. "A Novel Image-Based Method for In Situ Characterization of the Pore Size Distribution and Dimensional Accuracy of Bone Tissue Scaffolds." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-72132.
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Abstract Pneumatic micro-extrusion (PME) is a high-resolution direct-write additive manufacturing method, which has been widely utilized for the fabrication of biological tissues, structures, and organs. The PME process allows for non-contact, multi-material deposition of a wide range of functional bio-inks for tissue engineering applications. However, the PME process is inherently complex, governed by complex multi-physics phenomena. Consequently, investigation of the effects of significant process parameters and their interactions on scaffold functional properties would be inevitable. The overarching goal of this research work is to fabricate defect-free, porous bone scaffolds for the treatment of large osseous fractures. In pursuit of this goal, the objective of the work is to forward an image-based method for the characterization of the pore size distribution as well as the dimensional properties of bone tissue scaffolds, fabricated using the PME process. The developed method will allow for detection of scaffold pores, thus quantification of pore size distribution, and ultimately assessment of the dimensional accuracy of bone tissue scaffolds. The method was validated based on specimens obtained from a single factor experiment. The specimens were composed of PCL, fabricated using the PME process. The results of this study pave the way for fabrication of complex bone scaffolds with accurate dimensional properties for the treatment of bone fractures and defects.
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Bai, Xueling, Peng Ding, Peng Zhang, and Zhidong Yao. "Research on Modeling of Bionic Porous Scaffold for Bone Defect Repair Based on Bone Mineral Density Distribution." In 2018 International Conference on Computer Modeling, Simulation and Algorithm (CMSA 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cmsa-18.2018.8.
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Hayward, Lauren N. M., and Elise F. Morgan. "Mechano-Regulation of Stem Cell Differentiation During Bending Stimulation of a Healing Bone Defect." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192981.
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Mechanical stimulation of a bone fracture can alter the course of tissue differentiation [1]. Quantitative characterization of this mechano-regulatory effect has great therapeutic potential. For example, mechano-regulation theories are already being applied to tailor scaffold designs in tissue engineering applications [2]. Approaches such as these may lead to improved treatment of bone and joint degeneration as well as treatment of orthopedic injuries.
Reports on the topic "Scaffold Bone Defect"
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Pilia, Marcello, Teja Guda, and Mark Appleford. Development of Composite Scaffolds for Load Bearing Segmental Bone Defects. Defense Technical Information Center, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada616641.
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