Academic literature on the topic 'Scale development and adaption'

The world is changing fast, and cities are facing complex transitions in economic, social and environmental areas. Therefore, the design of city systems will play an essential role in shaping a sustainable, innovative and livable future. Adaptive urban profiling was recently presented as a useful tool for municipals to enhance sustainable city development. It builds upon profile oriented marketing while including elements of adaption management. Thus, city managers can increase their cities attractiveness by providing it with a clear profile that is recognized around the world on the one hand, while flexibly adapting to change if necessary. Only an integrated approach that puts people first can hope to succeed on a global scale. In this paper, an action-oriented model for strengthening and accelerating futureoriented city development is designed in the light of current and future challenges of urbanization. Already existing successful marketing, i.e. profile-oriented marketing, and management models, i.e. adaptive management are adapted from organizations and are sharpened and enriched in their application to cities. The focus lies on the usability of these marketing concepts to increase the sustainability and development quality of urban spaces within city structures. This work addresses city planners and public managers and shall help them prioritize and tackle next innovative and future steps to establish and foster a clearly structured future vision and profile to guarantee a high quality of living and sustainable urban development. A new dynamic profiling model, i.e. the adaptive urban profiling model, shall increase the visibility and uniqueness of competitive sustainable and future-oriented urban structures and provide solutions to optimize the urban living environment.

As a result of globalization, talented employees have been needed in the workplace anymore. With being hired of talented employees, new understanding of management has appeared and talent management has gained importance due to this new understanding. Talent management is a kind of management understanding according to which employees feel motivated and have desire to move forward by taking the initiative, trust in their knowledge and expertise has increased, they believe that they can control the incidents and the conditions which enable them to fulfill the tasks which are suitable and meaningful for them for the sake of organizational purposes have been composed (Doğan, 2006). Talent management is composed of a five-step process, which these steps are hiring, keeping, improving, performance and strengthening personnel. The purpose of this study is to adapt the scale which was used by Oehley (2007) in the thesis of “The Development and Evaluation of a Partial Talent Management Competency Model” for prospective teachers in Turkey. The adaptation study was conducted with 133 prospective teachers who are continuing their education in the Faculty of Education of Sinop University. In the adaptation study, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted. The original scale is composed of 44 items. In the first step of the adaptation study, 40 items are included in the Turkish form with regard to expert opinions. As a result of exploratory factor analysis conducted, item 8 was excluded from the scale. The scale has come up with 8 sub-dimensions as it is in the original scale. To test its accuracy, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted for 39 items.

The Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory (KAI) was evaluated for its factorial composition, internal consistency, and relationship with self-esteem compared with previous studies. Data was from a random sample of adults ( n = 214) in a southern city. Results of the factor analysis revealed the scale to have high factorial stability across populations. The scale was found to be highly internally consistent, and a positive correlation with the Rosenberg Self-esteem scale was successfully replicated. These findings provide evidence for the construct validity of the scale.

Purpose Coastal and floodplain areas are on the frontline of climate change in Bangladesh. Small-scale coastal and floodplain fishing communities of the country face a host of cross-scale stressors continually, some induced by climate change, and they have developed coping and adaption strategies based on customary social and experiential learnings. This paper aims to examine the coping and adaptation strategies that small-scale fishing communities undertake in the face of stresses including climate change and variability. Design/methodology/approach This research takes a nuanced ethnographic-oriented approach based on around two-year-long field study in two coastal and floodplain fishing villages, represented by two distinct ethnic groups. The study adopts direct observational methods to denote the ways small-scale fishing communities address the arrays of stressors to construct and reconstruct their survival and livelihood needs. Findings It was observed that fishers’ coping and adaptation strategies comprise a fluid combination of complex overlapping sets of actions that the households undertake based on their capitals and capabilities, perceptions, socio-cultural embeddedness and experiential learnings from earlier adverse situations. Broadly, these are survival, economic, physiological, social, institutional and religiosity-psychological in nature. Adaptation mechanisms involve some implicit principles or self-provisioning actions that households are compelled to do or choose under given sets of abnormal stresses to reach certain levels of livelihood functions. Originality/value Based on empirical field research, this paper recognizes small-scale fishers’ capability and adaptability in addressing climate change-induced stresses. Policymakers, international development planners, climate scientists and social workers can learn from these grassroots-level coping and adaptation strategies of fishing communities to minimize the adverse effects of climate change and variations.