Dissertations / Theses: 'Scandian'

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Fleck, Andrew. "SCANDAL, INC." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1111086181.

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Miller, Stuart Raymond. "Scandium-bearing open framework materials /." St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/570.

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Miller, Stuart R. "Scandium bearing open framework materials." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/570.

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Here I report the hydrothermal chemistry of scandium, examining the behavior of the Sc³⁺ cation in various systems, including phosphates, phosphites, phosphonates and carboxylates. In total, 27 different materials, 23 of which are novel, have been synthesised and their structures solved. Seven different scandium phosphate-based materials have been successfully synthesised using amines and alkali hydroxides as structure directing agents, producing chain, layer and framework materials. Thermal analysis of these materials indicated that they were not stable upon removal of the template, because there are hydrogen bonding networks between the template and free OH groups on the phosphate groups. Certain conditions lead to the crystallization of either kolbeckite, Sc(PO₄).2H₂O, or a langbeinite-type structure, (NH₄)₂Sc₂(HPO₄)(PO₄)₂, which are dense frameworks. Investigation of scandium phosphites leads to the formation of more thermally stable frameworks. Investigation of scandium phosphite-based materials using different structure directing agents yielded three framework phosphite materials and one layered phosphite / phosphate. The use of lithium hydroxide and ethylenediamine within scandium phosphite systems resulted in the crystallization of a gainesite type framework, (LiSc(HPO₃)₂)and (H₃N(CH₂)₂NH₃)₂Sc₄(HPO₃)₈, which distorts in order to accommodate the amine, but not the lithium cation. Decreasing the potential for the formation of hydrogen bonding networks in the phosphite systems led to the formation of framework structures, however these structures did not retain their crystalline integrity upon removal of the template. In order to impart structure directing properties upon scandium-based materials but avoid the formation of hydrogen bonding networks upon which the crystalline integrity is dependent, scandium phosphonates were investigated. Seven different scandium phosphonate materials have been synthesised, two of which have been solved from powder diffraction data, and one from a combination of powder diffraction data, molecular modeling and single crystal data. Synthesis of scandium phosphonate materials yielded two thermally stable, porous materials with reversible water adsorption properties, NaSc(CH₃PO₃)₂•H₂O and Sc₂(O₃PCH₂(NHC₅H₁₀NH)₋CH₂PO₃)₃4H₂O. The success of this approach led to the examination of scandium carboxylate metal organic framework materials. The incorporation of Sc³⁺ into microporous carboxylate frameworks yielded three aliphatic scandium carboxylates and six aromatic scandium carboxylates. The scandium analogue of MIL-53 shows potential for gas adsorption studies, as well as illustrating that scandium carboxylates can be isostructural to metal carboxylate materials already published. The scandium terephthalate, Sc₂(O₂CC₆H₄CO₂)₃, is a small pore framework material with an unprecedented structure type, the adsorption properties of which have been examined using a variety of different small gas molecules and hydrocarbons, including X-ray analysis of the structures whilst adsorbing different molecules. ⁴⁵Sc MAS NMR has been performed on the materials prepared pure and characterized in this thesis, in order to establish a library of chemical shifts for scandium in different framework environments.

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Xia, Ye, and 夏晔. "High resolution spectroscopy of scandium monohalides." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49617886.

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This thesis reports the study of the molecular and electronic structure of scandium monohalides using the technique of laser ablation/reaction with supersonic free jet expansion used for producing the target molecules and laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy for recording their electronic transition spectrum. The scandium diatomic molecules studied in this work were scandium monoiodide (ScI) and scandium monobromide (ScBr), which were produced by the reaction of Sc atoms with 2% CH3I and 2% C2H5Br gases seeded in Ar carrier gas, respectively. The LIF spectrum of the electronic transition of ScI and ScBr were recorded in the visible and near infrared spectral region between 613 and 854 nm. The analysis of the high resolution electronic spectra of ScI and ScBr yielded molecular constants and information of electronic structures. For all the transition bands observed, rotationally-resolved transition lines were fit to a theoretical model to retrieve molecular constants for both upper and lower electronic states. For the ScI molecule, seven vibrational bands of the D1П –X^1 Σ^+ system were recorded and analyzed. Accurate molecular constants for the v = 0 – 2 levels of the D^1П state and the v = 0 – 3 levels of the X^1 Σ^+ state were obtained. The equilibrium bond lengths, re (Å), for the electronic states of ScI were determined as follows: ScI X^1 Σ^+ D^1П r_e(Å) 2.6078 2.7146 For the ScBr molecule, three electronic transition systems were recorded and analyzed, which include six vibrational bands of the C^1 Σ^+– X^1 Σ^+ system, seven vibrational bands of the e^3Δ–a^3Δsystem and two vibrational bands of the d3Φ – a3Δ system. Rotationally resolved transition lines of both Sc79Br and Sc81Br isotopes were observed and analyzed. Least-squares fitting of the measured line positions yielded accurate molecular constants for the v = 0 – 2 levels of the X^1 Σ^+ state, the v = 0 – 3 levels of the C^1 Σ^+ state, the v = 0 and 1 levels of the d3Φ state and the v = 0 – 2 levels of both e3Δ and a3Δ states, respectively. The equilibrium bond lengths, re (Å), determined for electronic states of ScBr are given as follows: ScBr X^1 Σ^+ a^3Δ C^1 Σ^+ r_e(Å) 2.3806 2.4767 2.4776 A molecular orbital (MO) energy level diagram has been used to examine the electronic configurations giving rise to the different observed electronic states of ScI and ScBr. An attempt has been made to put the MOs of all the scandium monohalides under a single picture. A comparison of the molecular constants for the different electronic states of scandium monohalides indicates a weakening of the chemical bonding between the scandium atom and the halogen atoms down the group.
published_or_final_version
Chemistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Clough, Benjamin. "New scandium and titanium borylimido chemistry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1a9dbfb3-98c3-4fd6-96ac-5fba09f3ffcd.

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This Thesis reports the synthesis and reactivity of scandium and titanium borylimides. New, versatile synthetic routes to such complexes of these two metals were targeted, and their reactions with small, unsaturated compounds were explored, with a particular focus being the reactivity of alkynes with these systems. Chapter One provides a background on Group 4 imido and hydrazido complexes. Group 4 alkoxyimides are also reviewed, as well as the developing field of rare earth imides. The Chapter focuses on the synthesis, structure, and stoichiometric and catalytic reactions of these complexes with unsaturated substrates, and ends with a description of the handful of known transition metal borylimides. Chapter Two first describes the synthesis and structures of new titanium borylimido synthons prepared from Ti(NMe₂)₂Cl₂. From the borylimide Ti{NB(NAr'CH)₂}Cl₂(py)₃ are then formed five new compounds supported by a range of tridentate, nitrogen-based ligands. Chapter Three describes the synthesis of half-sandwich titanium borylimides through tertbutylimide/borylamine exchange. A sandwich compound is also described, and the electronic structures of these complexes are analysed by DFT, QTAIM and NBO studies. Reactivity with heteroallenes, and exchange reactions with amines are also explored. Chapter Four describes the reactivity of diamide-donor-supported titanium borylimides with terminal alkynes. The principal reaction outcomes are [2+2] cycloadditions and CâH bond activations, and an interesting CâF bond activation is also described. Kinetic studies of some reactions are presented, and will be supported by further DFT studies. Chapter Five explores attempts to prepare the first rare earth borylimide. Kinetic and computational evidence is presented for the existence of a transient scandium borylimide which rapidly undergoes interesting sp, sp² and sp³ CâH bond activations. Chapter Six presents full experimental procedures and characterising data for the new complexes reported.

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Riva, Sephira. "Scandium metal processing for aerospace application." Thesis, Swansea University, 2018. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa39867.

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The use of scandium has been conventionally restricted to minor additions in alloys for structural applications. The term ‘scandium effect’ came thus to indicate the properties improvements caused by the precipitation of scandium intermetallics in the matrix. The development of High-Entropy Alloys (HEA, multi-principal component alloys combining compositional complexity with simple crystal structures) opened the door for the development of new systems, and therefore for new applications for lightweight metals such as scandium. This work is a thorough investigation of the potential of scandium-based in- termetallics in the growing field of HEAs. The synthesis and characterisation of multi-principal component alloys contain- ing scandium as active alloying element illustrate the compound-forming ability of this element. The high mixing entropy of the studied systems (comprising alloys of scandium with first raw metals or with hcp-structured elements) cannot efficiently inhibit the precipitation of stable intermetallic compounds. Among them, of in- terest is the so-called W -phase, so-far only reported for Al-basedCu-containing commercial alloys. Small scandium additions to Al2CoCrFeNi, Al0.5CoCrCuFeNi and AlCoCr- Cu0.5FeNi cause the segregation of a secondary phase along grain boundaries. This hexagonal Laves phase, formed by scandium in combination with Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe and Ni, does not disrupt the HEA matrix and is extremely stable. Moreover, it deeply affects microstructure and mechanical properties – for ex-ample, by enhancing the HEA stability with the postponement of a T-dependent phase exsolution by roughly 150 °C. Furthermore, a synergistic effect in the main phase stabilisation takes place when the Sc-doped sample is pressed at 9.5 GPa: no transition occurs and the intermetallic dissolves in the matrix. Preliminary investigations performed by spark-plasma sintering of different additives (among which Sc2O3, used as a source of scandium metal) in combination with the Al CoCrFeNi alloy led to the discovery of a promising nanodiamond HEA composite.

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Kerdsongpanya, Sit. "Scandium Nitride Thin Films for Thermoelectrics." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tunnfilmsfysik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-85917.

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Thermoelectric devices are one of the promising energy harvesting technologies, since they can convert heat (i.e. a temperature gradient) to electricity. This result leads us to use them to harvest waste heat from heat engines or in power plants to generate usable electricity. Moreover, thermoelectric devices can also perform cooling. The conversion process is clean, with no emission of greenhouse gases during the process. However, the converting efficiency of thermoelectrics is very low because of the materials limitations of the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZTm). Thus, there is high demand to maximize the ZTm. I have discovered that ScN has high power factor 2.5 mW/(mK2) at 800 K, due to low metalliclike electrical resistivity (∼3.0 μΩm) with retained relatively large Seebeck coefficient of -86 μV/K. The ScN thin films were grown by reactive dc magnetron sputtering from Sc targets. For ScN, X-ray diffraction, supported by transmission electron microscopy, show that we can obtain epitaxial ScN(111) on Al2O3(0001). We also reported effects on thermoelectric properties of ScN with small changes in the composition with the power factor changing one order of magnitude depending on e.g. oxygen, carbon and fluorine content which were determined by elastic recoil detection analysis. The presence of impurities may influence the electronic density of states or Fermi level (EF) which could yield enhancement of power factor. Therefore, the effects of defects and impurities on the electronic density of states of scandium nitride were investigated using first-principles calculations with general gradient approximation and hybrid functionals for the exchange correlation energy. Our results show that for Sc and N vacancies can introduce asymmetric peaks in the density of states close to the Fermi level. We also find that the N vacancy states are sensitive to total electron concentration of the system due to their possibility for spin polarization. Substitutional point defects shift the Fermi level in the electronic band according to their valence but do not introduce sharp features. The energetics and electronic structure of defect pairs are also studied. By using hybrid functionals, a correct description of the open band gap of scandium nitride is obtained, in contrast to regular general gradient approximation. Our results envisage ways for improving the thermoelectric figure of merit of ScN by electronic structure engineering through stoichiometry tuning and doping.

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Demir, Selvan [Verfasser]. "Scandium cluster and metallocene chemistry / Selvan Demir." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1013831799/34.

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Böhmer, Norbert. "Einwirkung von Ammoniumhalogeniden auf Scandium und Gadolinium." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963638432.

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Scotney, Christopher C. J. "Investigations using chiral scandium (III) Lewis acids." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555431.

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Lewis acidic chiral scandium(III) catalysts have been developed and tested with a range of bidentate substrates in both Diels-Alder and aza-Michael reactions. Scandium(III) complexes incorporating bipybox, phenbox (a new class oftetradentate chiral ligand) and pybox ligands, have been found to give significant enantioselectivity in reactions involving 3-acyloxazolidinones and 3-formylpyrone- containing substrates. Molecular modelling has been used to understand more about the action of these catalysts and to design new ligands which can lead to higher levels of enantioselectivity in these reactions. For acyloxazolidinone-containing substrates it was found that scandium(III)/pybox catalysts gave the same sense of stereocontrol in both Diels-Alder and aza-Michael reactions. It was observed that the sense of enantiocontrol with a particular class of ligand was determined by the stereochemistry of the R -substituent on the ligand and the degree of this stereocontrol was influenced by its size. These observations have lead to a proposal of how the substrates bind to the chiral scandium(III) catalysts for each ligand type and how the enantioselectivity of the products is derived. The chiral scandium(III) Lewis acid catalysts were also used to promote an endo- selective intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of a 3-formylpyrone-containing substrate, the key step in a synthesis of solanapyrone D. This natural product was prepared in up to 77 % ee with all four contiguous formed in this final step of the synthesis. The highest levels of enantioselectivity for this reaction were given by scandium(III)-pybox catalysts. A greater understanding of chiral scandium(III) catalysts, particularly the substrate- catalyst interactions, has been gained in this thesis and can hopefully be used in the future to aid further development of asymmetric catalysis with scandium(III). 11.

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Luo, Xuanli. "Nanostructured magnesium-scandium hydrides for hydrogen storage." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.605586.

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Magnesium hydride, MgH2, is one of the most promising candidates for hydrogen storage due to its high reversible hydrogen storage capacity (theoretically up to 7.6 wt. %) and low cost ($3/kg). However, the relatively slow kinetics and high operating temperature limit its commercial application. In this research, the lightest transition metal, scandium (Sc), was melted together with magnesium to form a bulk MgO.6SSC0.3S alloy which was phase separated to a nanostructured MgO.6SSCO.3S-H system during its first hydrogenation. The hydrogen storage properties of the MgO.6SSC0.3s-H system were thoroughly evaluated. The results showed a high reversible hydrogen storage capacity (4.2 ± 0.1 wt.%), fast kinetics with an activation energy of 82 ± 5 klmor' and good cycling stability. The enthalpy and entropy values were 77.4 ± 0.9 klmor' (H2) and 141 ± 2 J.mor'.K' (H2) respectively. The nanostructure comprised a Sc-rich hydride (MgO.07SCO.93H2.32) nano-cluster distributed within the MgH2 phase with grain sizes ranging from 40 to 100 nm. The in-situ powder neutron diffraction showed that the reaction pathway, phase separation, formed a ScDx-rich phase and an intermediate phase. It is hypothesised that the nano-sized Sc-rich hydride, which has a fluOl'ite structure and higher mobility of hydrogen, provides a fast diffusion pathway to the magnesium core via the grain boundary. In addition, the nano-structure formed after phase separation was stable and remained during cycling. The Sc-rich hydride nano-clusters also function as a grain refiner and reduce the grain growth rate of Mg/MgH2 during cycling. Abstract A xMgH2/(l-x)ScH2 system was also investigated to explore the effect of the ball milling duration and the ScH2 catalyst content on the kinetics of MgH2 dehydrogenation. It was found that the optimal content of the catalyst ScH2 was ca. 12 at. %, which was achieved by the 0.90MgH2/O.lOScH2-40h ball milled sample with an activation energy value of 62 ± 5 kJ.mor i and the reversible hydrogen storage capacity of 5.7 ± 0.1 wt.%. Alternative Sc-based alloys (ScSi and ScAh) were investigated as candidates to reduce the enthalpy of dehydrogenation of MgH2. The samples were prepared by ball milling Mg or MgH2 together with the synthesised ScSi or ScAh alloy at different composition ratios. It was found that the ScSi phase separated to SCH2 and Mg2Si, a process that was irreversible during the hydrogenation cycles of the 3Mg:ScSi-lOh sample. In contrast, the ScAl3 remained unchanged over three cycles but achieved fast kinetics; the decomposition reaction reached its equilibrium within 35 min at 354 QC. 11

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Karlsson, Sara. "Hur hanteras klagomål inom hotellkedjan Scandic?" Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8997.

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Att behålla sina befintliga kunder blir allt viktigare för företag i ett klimat med hårdnande konkurrens. Att värva nya kunder har visat sig vara mer kostsamt än att behålla de som redan är lojala, varför det gäller att vårda sina kunder på bästa sätt. Undersökningar visar att missnöjda kunder till stor del väljer att inte klaga och istället lämna företaget som kund. Därför är det viktigt att bemöta och företaget har chans att göra kunden nöjd och stanna kvar som kund, är klagomålet en utmärkt möjlighet till information om saker som behöver förbättras. Klagomålet kan ses som ett symptom på något som av kunden upplevs som fel och som behöver undersökas av företaget. Syftet med uppsatsen är att utifrån en kvalitativ undersökning beskriva dels hur Scandic hanterar klagomål från sina kunder, dels om och hur företaget använder informationen från klagomålen för att förbättra sin verksamhet. Slutligen avses att jämföra resultaten från en tidigare genomförd undersökning från 1996. Till grund för uppsatsen ligger en omarbetad modell som beskriver hur klagomålsinformation flödar genom fyra olika instanser i hotellets organisation. Modellen mynnar ut i klagomålshantering och klagomålsmanagement. Undersökningen visar att Scandics klagomålshantering i stort är väl fungerande. De flesta i receptionspersonalen känner sig trygga med att hantera klagomål och har tillräckliga befogenheter för att göra så. Brist på erfarenhet är oftast orsaken till att viss personal upplever klagomål som något negativt. Informationen som kommer från klagomål tas om hand i stor utsträckning, men inom klagomålsmanagement finns möjligheter till vidare utveckling. Sedan 1996 har vissa förändringar och förbättringar av klagomålshanteringen gjorts inom Scandic. Orsaken till det är svår att säga, men troligen har det att göra med den hårdnande konkurrensen inom hotellbranschen.

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Krakhmaleva, Tatiana, and Karin Lindell. "En studie om Scandic Hotels miljökommunikation." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-6497.

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Wisner, Deven L., and Brandy A. Brown. "Corporate Toxicity: The WorldCom/MCI Scandal." The Brandy A Brown Lab Website, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/345957.

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What various roles exist in corporate toxicity? In what environment does toxicity thrive? Do toxic leaders exhibit certain characteristics? Questions such as these can be discovered using this classroom tool!
This case study provides a real-world example of corporate toxicity to illustrate the toxic triangle model and show how situations like this one come to pass (Padilla, 2013). The primary focus will be on WorldCom/MCI and the events leading to the world famous accounting scandal that came to light in 2003. This case briefly examines the three major triangle elements, (1) the role of the leader, (2) the enabling efforts of colluding and conforming followers, and (3) the conducive nature of the specific organizational context, all in correlation with the eventual destruction of the organization. Identifying these elements provides an opportunity for students to analyze an actual account of corporate toxicity through critical thinking and discussion. The questions provided are intended to stimulate a discussion focused on the: (1) events leading to the demise of the organization, (2) characteristics of the primary leader and followers, (3) role the environment played in escalating the situation, and (4) the influences of social pressures.

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Chapman, Kiera Ann. "Scandal : gender, publicity, politics 1789-1850." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444606/.

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This thesis, an exercise in cultural history, puts forwards two main lines of argument. Firstly, I explore the way in which scandal was used by early nineteenth century reformers to argue for the inclusion of a wider range of individuals in political debate. I contrast the approaches of Rousseau and Bentham to publicity, exploring the manner in which the latter became especially useful to radicals after the 1790s, as the former became associated with dangerous Jacobinism. Chapters three and four discuss the interplay between these two ways of thinking about scandal in the Mary Ann Clarke affair (1809) and the Queen Caroline affair (1820-1). I show that while scandal allowed the case for reform to be dramatized in an especially vivid way, encouraging ordinary people to get involved in politics, its attention to particular details could also damage the radical cause by distracting attention away from abstract arguments for reform. The second strand of argument deals with the relationship between publicity and feminism. Scandal did not just entrench the sexual double standard rather, debates about publicity provided a way for early feminists to demand recognition of woman's legal and political identity. However, attitudes amongst women towards the balance to be struck between individual self-determination and social convention varied widely. Germaine de Stael and Geraldine Jewsbury reworked the ideas of Rousseau to argue that a woman's ability to follow her feelings rather than moral conventions signalled her suitability for citizenship, and in the Caroline affair, many ordinary women claimed a right to engage in political debate on the grounds of their feelings of sympathy for the Queen. On the other hand, Maria Edgeworth argued for a rapprochement between reason and social duty, while Rosina Bulwer-Lytton used scandal against her husband in order to press for recognition of woman's separate legal identity.

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Canody, Miranda E. "Presidential-Legislative Relations and Presidential Scandal." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32657.

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Studies on Presidential-Executive relations fails to empirically analyze whether or not modern presidential scandal can impact presidential-congressional relations. Meinke and Anderson (2001) find that presidential scandal impacts House of Representatives voting behavior on key votes cited by Congressional Quarterly. A slight revision and replication of Meinke and Andersonâ s research finds presidential scandal impacts Senate aggregate key votes reported by Congressional Quarterly. In addition, political party plays a more important role than scandal in determining the logged odds of Senate key votes and presidential agreement.
Master of Arts

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Fuller, Christian B. "Temporal evolution of the microstructures of Al(Sc, Zr) alloys and their influence on mechanical properties." Full text available, 2003. http://images.lib.monash.edu.au/ts/theses/fuller.pdf.

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Tsui, Hei Chit Leo. "Characterisation of scandium-based III-nitride thin films." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/43378.

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Wurtzite III-nitrides are widely used in optoelectronic applications. However, the external quantum efficiency of III-nitride-based light emitting diodes in the deep-UV region is extremely low compared to those emitting in the visible region. This problem has motivated the search for better materials that can help. Theoretical calculations predict that alloying ScN and GaN can produce wurtzite-structure semiconducting ScxGa1-xN films with direct band gaps in the UV region and a lattice parameter – band gap relationship that differs significantly from that of the AlxGa1-xN alloys used conventionally. Therefore, this thesis investigates the growth, composition, microstructure and optical properties of ScxGa1-xN thin films. Epitaxial ScxGa1-xN (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) thin films were grown using molecular beam epitaxy under metal-rich conditions. The alloy composition was determined by four different techniques. A linear relationship was established between the Sc flux measured in the growth chamber and the Sc content measured by Rutherford backscattering, whereas the compositions measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were 5–8% lower than that by Rutherford backscattering and information obtained from X-ray and electron diffraction (i.e. the a and c lattice parameters and the c/a ratio) cannot provide a reliable estimation of the Sc content. Structural analysis confirmed that ScxGa1-xN can be stabilised in the wurtzite structure up to x = 0.26 using metal-rich growth conditions, which is in line with theoretical predictions and is significantly greater than the value of x = 0.17 for the ScxGa1-xN films grown under N-rich conditions reported previously. UV-Vis absorption measurements showed that the direct optical band gap of ScxGa1-xN increases from 3.33 eV to 3.89 eV as Sc content increases from x = 0 to x = 0.26. This trend is consistent with theoretical predictions but contradicts the observations reported by other groups. Instead, nanoscale cubic inclusions, revealed by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, are responsible for the observed decrease in band gap as the Sc content increases. Finally, valence band offset measurements indicated that type I and type II heterojunctions can be formed by depositing ScxGa1-xN on AlN and on GaN respectively.

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Andersson, Ellen, Kristin Bucht, and Johanna Jansson. "Corporate Social Responsibility Scandics hållbarhetsarbete ur ett medarbetarperspektiv." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-49473.

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Berglund, Camilla, and Benjamin Ekelund. "Corporate Scandal: The Reputational Impact on the Financial Performance : An event study of Danske Bank's money laundering scandal." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44001.

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Maxwell, Nick. "Confronting crisis bishops respond to sex scandal /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1189.

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Sobkowiak, Adam. "Hydrogen absorption properties of scandium and aluminium based compounds." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Materials Chemistry, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-130182.

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In a time of global environmental problems due to overuse of fossil fuels, and a subsequent depletion of the supplies, hydrogen is considered as one of the most important renewable future fuels for use in clean energy systems with zero greenhouse-gas emission. Hydrogen storage is the main issue that needs to be solved before the technology can be implemented into key areas such as transport. The high energy density, good stability and reversibility of metal hydrides make them appealing as hydrogen storage materials. In this thesis research on synthesis and hydrogen absorption properties for intermetallic compounds based on scandium and aluminium is reported. The compounds were synthesized by arc melting or induction melting and exposed to hydrogen in a high pressure furnace. Desorption investigations were performed by thermal desorption spectroscopy. The samples were analyzed by x-ray powder diffraction and electron microscopy. ScAlNi, crystallizing in the MgZn2-type structure (space group: P63/mmc; a = 5.1434(1) Å, c = 8.1820(2) Å), was found to absorb hydrogen by two different mechanisms at different temperature regions. At ~120 °C hydrogen was absorbed by solid solution formation with estimated compositions up to ScAlNiH0.5. At ~500 °C hydrogen was absorbed by disproportionation of ScAlNi into ScH2 and AlNi. The reaction was found to be fully reversible due to destabilization effects which lowered the decomposition temperature of ScH2 by ~460 °C.

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Müller, Marcel. "Magnetische und strukturelle Charakterisierung von amorphen Eisen-Scandium-Legierungen." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://elib.tu-darmstadt.de/diss/000411.

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Ligl, Jana [Verfasser], and Oliver [Akademischer Betreuer] Ambacher. "Aluminium scandium nitride grown by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition." Freiburg : Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1225294118/34.

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Gonzalez-Santiago, Berenice. "Synthesis and properties of scandium carboxylate metal-organic frameworks." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6904.

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This work investigated the synthesis, characterisation and properties of known and novel scandium carboxylate Metal-organic Frameworks (MOFs). The first part reports the performance of these Sc-MOFs as Lewis acid catalysts. The porous MOF scandium trimesate MIL-100(Sc) and the scandium terephthalates such as MIL-101(Sc), MIL-88B(Sc) and MIL-68(Sc) (prepared as the Sc-analogue for the first time), and scandium biphenyldicarboxylate MIL-88D(Sc) were prepared and tested as Lewis acid catalysts. Chromium MIL-101 and MIL-100 and scandium-exchanged zeolites were prepared for comparison. Moreover, successful encapsulation of the phosphotungstate polyoxometalates (POMs) in the cavities of MIL-101(Sc) enhanced the stability of this material. These scandium and chromium MOFs, POM-MOF composites and scandium-exchanged zeolite were tested as heterogeneous catalysts in the carbonyl ene reaction between α-methyl styrene and ethyl trifluoropyruvate. This showed that MIL-100(Sc) was the best catalyst for this reaction, achieving a conversion of 99% to the desired product. The stabilized MIL-101(Sc) was also very active, but less selective for this reaction. Acetalisation of acetaldehyde was also studied, and in this reaction the isoreticular MOFs MIL-88(B) and MIL-88D(Sc) were the most active and selective catalysts. For this reaction, the activity of MIL-100(Sc) was low, which was attributed to reduce pore size and blockage. Functionalisation of the range of scandium terephthalates such as MIL-101(Sc), MIL-88B(Sc), MIL-68(Sc), Sc₂BDC₃,and MIL-53(Sc) particularly with –NH₂ groups, made up the second main part of this research. Solvothermal synthesis were performed at lower temperatures and using mixed solvents to synthesize these amino-terephthalate MOFs, often for the first time, and their adsorption properties were studied, particularly for the adsorption of CO₂. The synthesis of pure Sc₂(NH₂-BDC)₃ and Sc₂(Br-BDC)₃ was achieved for first time by a solvothermal route, lower temperatures, and mixed solvents. This approach yielded large crystals suitable for single crystal diffraction and microcrystal IR spectroscopy. Post-synthetic modification (PSM) of Sc₂(NH₂-BDC)₃ was explored by incorporation of NO₂-groups into the framework by solvent-assisted ligand exchange. The adsorption properties of functionalised and post-modified materials were compared with those of Sc₂BDC₃ and Sc₂(NO₂-BDC)₃ for methanol and hydrocarbons This study demonstrated that Sc₂BDC₃ and Sc₂(NH₂-BDC)₃ give the higher uptakes while the –Br and –NO₂ forms display shape selectivity for n-alkanes over iso-alkanes. Amino-functionalised MIL-53(Sc) was prepared for the first time using a mixed ligand approach, so that 10-20% of a second functionalised terephthalate ligand (NO₂, Br, -(OH)₂) was required for successful single phase synthesis in addition to amino-terephthalic acid. The materials were characterised using PXRD, TGA and gas adsorption, which confirms the samples show a range of behaviour for CO₂ adsorption. Notably, the `breathing´ behaviour is strongly dependent on the type of functionalisation. Finally, the exploratory synthesis of novel scandium MOFs, using isophthalic acid (IA) and its amino and nitro- derivatives, 2,5-furandicarboxylate (FDA) and the porphyrin tetra(carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) as linkers was carried out and six novel materials were synthesized, three of which gave crystals large enough for their structure to be determined by single crystal diffraction. Further characterisation was carried out by PXRD, TGA and solid-state NMR. Some of these materials have been shown to be porous to CO₂ and N₂.

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Marr, Isobel Helen. "Synthesis and reactivity of scandium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/17970.

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Chapter one introduces N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and discusses their use as ligands for rare earth metal complexes, with particular emphasis upon compounds synthesised from 2009 until the present day. Chapter two details the synthesis and characterisation of the homoleptic scandium-NHC complex [Sc(L)3] (L = [OCMe2CH2(1-C{NCHCHNiPr})]). Reactions of [Sc(L)3] with boranes, CO2 and CS2 are described which exploit the relative lability of the Sc–Ccarbene bond and allow formation of [Sc(L)2(OCMe2CH2(1-B'C{NCHCHNiPr}))] (B' = 9-BBN, BPh3, B(C6F5)3, BH3), [Sc(OCMe2CH2(1-O2CC{NCHCHNiPr})3]n, [Sc(L)2(OCMe2CH2 (1-S2CC{NCHCHNiPr})] and [Sc(L)(OCMe2CH2(1-S2CC{NCHCHNiPr})2]2. The chapter also discusses the reactivity of [Sc(L)3] towards substrates containing acidic C–H and N–H bonds and substrates containing polar E–X bonds (where E = C, Si, B, P and X = Cl, I). Chapter three describes the synthesis and characterisation of the NHC substituted scandium benzyl complexes [Sc(Bn)2(L)]2 and [Sc(Bn)(L)2], and the attempted synthesis of NHC substituted scandium aminobenzyl complexes. The reactivity of [Sc(Bn)2(L)]2 with RX substrates (R = alkyl) is discussed in detail; depending on the nature of the alkyl group, these reactions can allow formation of R–Bn , the result of carbon-carbon coupling. The complex [Sc(Bn)(L)Cl]2 has been isolated from these reactions and is structurally characterised. The reactivity of [Sc(Bn)2(L)]2 towards C–H bonds is explored and attempts to prepare NHC substituted scandium hydrides are described. Comparisons of the relative stability and reactivity of [Sc(Bn)2(L)]2 and [Sc(Bn)3(thf)3] are drawn. Chapter four documents the synthesis and characterisation of [Sc(Odtbp)2(L)] (Odtbp = 2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxide), [Sc(Odtbp)(L)2], and the samarium analogue [Sm(Odtbp)(L)2]. The reactivity of these complexes towards various small molecules is described. The chapter also details attempts to prepare the cationic scandium complexes [Sc(L)2][Bort] (Bort = bis[3,3',5,5'-tetra-(tert-butyl)-2,2-diphenolato]borate) and [Sc(L)2][B(Ph)4]. Chapter five provides overall conclusions to the work presented in this thesis. Chapter six contains all experimental and characterising data for the complexes and reactions detailed in this work.

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Akcetin, Elif. "Corruption at the frontier : the Gansu fraud scandal /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10488.

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McPherson, Susan. "Victorian life writing and the production of scandal." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621113.

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Marrs, Richard Andrew. "Gubernatorial Girlfriends: An Analysis of News Media Frames of Political Scandal." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33010.

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Since the earliest days of the American republic, political sex scandals have been a part of the political discourse. Despite the passing of several hundred years, much discussion is still given to political sex scandals by the popular media. Little attention, however, is paid to research into the relationship among political sex scandals, the media reporting of sex scandals, and the ways in which politicians are able to use the media during admissions of sex scandals. This project analyzes the most common characteristics within three major newspapers reporting on five cases of gubernatorial admissions of extramarital affairs. The multiple case studies analysis observes 89 newspaper articles to secure data from the initial speculation of a gubernatorial extramarital affair to the admission of an extramarital affair and the period of time (up to one month) following the admission of an extramarital affair.
Master of Arts

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Halvor, Helena. "Hållbar turism : En studie av hotellkedjan Scandics hållbarhetsarbete i Karlstad." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-5785.

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Sammanfattning

Denna uppsats behandlar ämnet hållbar turism, med hotellkedjan Scandics hållbarhetsarbete i fokus. Uppsatsen syftar även till att ta reda på om detta arbete marknadsförs samt hur kunderna uppfattar arbetet. Studien har genomförts i Karlstad och har därför fokuserats på de tre Scandic hotellen.

Jag har studerat litteratur för att få en inblick i ämnet hållbar turism samt marknadsföring. En kvalitativ metod har använts genom att jag genomfört intervjuer med representanter för Scandics tre hotell i Karlstad. Jag har intervjuat hotellchefen för Scandic Klarälven samt Scandic Winn, Driftansvarige för Scandic City samt miljöansvarige för de tre hotellen. Då jag även har genomfört en enkätundersökning med kunderna på de tre hotellen, har en kvantitativ metod använts. Detta gjorde jag för att även få kundernas syn på hållbarhetsarbetet.

Hotellkedjan Scandic började arbeta med hållbarhetsfrågor 1993. Företaget är idag ett av de ledande inom detta område. Hållbarhetsarbetet innebär att de ekonomiska, miljömässiga samt sociala aspekterna präglar den dagliga verksamheten. Idag är totalt 100 av Scandics hotell Svanenmärkta. Det innebär att hotellen måste uppfylla en del kriterier. På ett Svanenmärkt hotell präglar miljöarbetet hela verksamheten. Kriterierna för ett Svanenmärkt hotell innefattar exempelvis minskning av kemiska produkter samt lägre vattenförbrukning.

Genom uppsatsen har det framkommit att alla delar inom Scandics hållbarhetsarbete är lika viktiga. Det har däremot framkommit att det är miljöarbetet som lyfts fram. Det är den ekonomiska aspekten som styr hela verksamheten, där ett hållbart resultat ska uppnås med ägarnas intressen i fokus. Den sociala aspekten innebär att Scandic tar ett samhällsansvar. Det innefattar bland annat att företaget samarbetar med olika hjälporganisationer. Scandics hållbarhetsarbete marknadsförs idag, men inte på samma sätt som det gjordes vid starten. Idag är hållbarhet en självklar del av verksamheten och det är endast de större förändringarna som marknadsförs. Majoriteten av kunderna känner till hållbarhetsarbetet och det är då främst miljöarbetet de känner till. Intressant är att majoriteten av kunderna dock inte har hållbarhetsarbetet i åtanke vid val av hotell.

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Herding, Thomas [Verfasser]. "Eigenschaften sprühkompaktierter hoch scandiumhaltiger Aluminium-Magnesium-Scandium-Legierungen / Thomas Herding." Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1170526993/34.

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Wickramasinghe, Chamila. "Photoluminescent and electroluminescent properties of aluminium, scandium and europium diketonates." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419809.

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Yagmurlu, Bengi [Verfasser]. "Innovative Technologies for Scandium Recovery from Bauxite Residue / Bengi Yagmurlu." Düren : Shaker, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1236834453/34.

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Lu, Yi Zhi. "Framing Ao Man-Long's corruption scandal : a comparative analysis of Macao and Hong Kong newspapers coverage of Ao Man-Long's corruption scandal." Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2272602.

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35

Grabbe, Jenny, and Emelie Selldén. "Scandic Plaza i Umeå -en ljus framtid till mötes?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-56925.

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Scandic Plaza i Umeå är ett av de 160 hotell som ingår i Nordens ledande hotellkedja Scandic. Umeå är en stad med stark tillväxt och har blivit utnämnd till kulturhuvudstad 2014, något som väntas locka tusentals besökare. Vidare har även IKEA bestämt sig för att etablera sig i det kommande köpcentraprojektet Entré Syd. Detta skapar goda chanser för Scandic Plaza att ytterligare växa och stärka sin position på hotellmarknaden i Umeå. Det finns en rad olika faktorer som påverkar en konsuments förväntningar, samt upplevelse och utvärdering av en hotellvistelse. Varför det gör som de gör, hur de gör det samt vad de har för förväntningar och behov, är några viktiga aspekter att kartlägga för att förstå konsumenters beteende. Kopplat till konsumentbeteende finner vi tillfredsställelse och lojalitet som två faktorer vilka spelar en viktig roll för att ett företag ska växa. Dessa aspekter tillsammans med word of mouth och konkurrens, har också fokuserats på i denna uppsats. Vi vill på uppdrag av Scandic Plaza i Umeå studera det nuvarande kundsegmentet och deras beteende samt de faktorer som påverkar dem i sina val av hotell. Vidare vill vi identifiera vilka tänkbara förbättringar Scandic Plaza kan göra för att upprätthålla, förstärka och skapa nya kundrelationer och på så sätt växa sig starkare på marknaden. Detta har vi gjort med hjälp av en enkätundersökning där vi kartlagt hur konsumenternas hotellvanor ser ut, i vilket syfte de bor på Scandic Plaza idag, vad som påverkar deras val av hotell samt vilka förväntningar och behov de har vid sin vistelse samt hur lojala de är gentemot Scandic Plaza. Resultatet baserat på 140 enkäter visar att affärsresenärer är Scandic Plazas största segment, och att läget, priset samt frukosten är de viktigaste faktorerna vid val av hotell. Vår studie visar att Scandic Plaza i många fall lyckas med att uppfylla dessa kriterier men det finns delar som kan förbättras. Priset ses för många av konsumenterna som en av de viktigaste faktorerna vid val av hotell - dock visar vårt resultat att ett flertal är missnöjda med priset när de kommer till Scandic Plaza. Vidare visar resultatet att Scandic Plaza uppfyller konsumenternas förväntningar och behov, men att majoriteten är ”latent lojala”, d.v.s. kunderna har en positiv attityd till Scandic Plaza men återkommer inte frekvent till hotellet. Dessa faktorer har tillsammans inflytande på aspekter kopplade till word of mouth och konkurrens, där våra resultat visar att word of mouth är av stor betydelse för de allra flesta och därför en marknadsföringsstrategi som bör tas i beaktande.

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Tarlov, Jessica. "Through the looking glass : controversy, scandal and political careers." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/561/.

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This work measures whether MPs are held individually accountable for their actions through a novel analysis of the 1997 and 2010 UK general elections. Previous research suggests that MPs’ behaviour has little effect on their careers; however, developments in the media’s aggressive reporting style, the rise of personality politics and decline in traditional voting patterns indicate that this is an opportune time to examine the effect of political controversies (including scandals) on MPs’ careers. This analysis focuses on three crucial stages that form a chain of accountability: (1) exposure: the media publicises the controversy and a perception is formed; (2) internal sanction: an MP retires before an election; (3) electoral sanction: voters punish MPs at the polls. Data on MP-specific controversies between the 1992 and 1997 and the 2005 and 2010 elections was sourced from The Times, The Guardian, The Daily Telegraph and their respective Sunday editions. This work also contains an original analysis of the 2009–2010 MP expenses scandal that utilises British Election Study panel survey data to examine how information on MP malfeasance affects voters’ perceptions of MPs. The findings indicate that political controversy is linked to whether an MP retires, with those MPs from the governing party driving the result in both the 1997 and 2010 elections. Overall, voters do not hold MPs responsible for their actions at the polls. Analysis of the expenses scandal supports these general findings: constituent perceptions of their MPs’ expenses behaviour respond to public information, but do not translate into election results. Internal sanction is shown to be the most powerful form of political accountability in the chain. While identifying any individual MP accountability is novel, the overall results are in line with traditional analyses of the strength of party politics, and indicate the importance of electoral system design for accountability.

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Mihailovskaja, Darja, and Fransson Emma Nordin. "Scandic Hotels tjänsteutveckling : Nyckeln bakom Nordens mest framgångsrika hotellkedja?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30715.

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Syftet med denna uppsats är att få en djupare förståelse kring hotellkoncernen Scandics tjänsteutveckling, avgränsat till upplevelsetjänsten med basprodukten, upplevelserummet, service samt image som utgångspunkter. Vi finner Scandic vara en intressant koncern att undersöka, då det är en välkänd hotellkedja samt Nordens största hotellkoncern. Vår uppsats börjar med en introduktion där läsaren får en inblick kring begreppen management och tjänsteutveckling, samt information om Scandic, där vi vidare formulerat frågeställningar kring syftet nämnt ovan. Vidare presenterar vi vår metod och hur vi gått tillväga, där vi med hjälp av kvalitativa metoder och semistrukturerade mailintervjuer har fått en djupare förståelse för vilken bild Scandic vill förmedla kring sin tjänsteprodukt samt hur övernattande gäster upplever den. Vi har därtill jämfört svaren emellan för att urskilja om Scandic lyckas förmedla den bild de önskar av sin tjänst. Denna empiri har vi med hjälp av teorier analyserat för att vidare få fram en slutsats kring våra frågeställningar.
The purpose of this essay is to gain a deeper understanding of the hotel group Scandic's service development, limited to the service experience with the basic product, experience room, service and image as main aspects. We find Scandic being an interesting company to study considering it is a well-known hotel chain as well as it is the largest hotel group in Scandinavia. Our essay begins with an introduction in which the reader gets an insight into the concepts of management and service product, as well as information about Scandic. In this introduction we also formulated questions concerning the purpose mentioned above. Furthermore, we present our method and how we proceeded this study, where with the help of qualitative methods and semi-structured email interviews has gained a deeper understanding of which image Scandic wants to convey about their product, and how overnight guests experience it. We have furthermore compared the responses to discern if Scandic manage to convey the image they desire of their service. This empirical data we have with the help of theories analyzed to further obtain a conclusion about our issues.

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Rahm, Oskar. "Scandal and Stigmatization : Regulating Sexual Difference in Contemporary Egypt." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445533.

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Welch, Samantha R. "The Impacts of Political Scandal on the Legislative Agenda." Marietta College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=marhonors1524830510289349.

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40

Thangevelo, Debashine. "Nice like sugar and spice." Pretoria News Tonight, 2013. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000734.

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41

Vaughn, Joel M. "Thermionic Electron Emission Microscopy Studies of Barium and Scandium Oxides on Tungsten." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1279814656.

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42

Meehan, Paul R. "Complexation of neutral and cationic scandium(III) species with macrocyclic ligands." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339827.

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43

Vormawah, L. J. "Collinear laser spectroscopy of scandium and yttrium isotopes at IGISOL IV." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3009054/.

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This thesis presents the results of two separate collinear laser spectroscopy investigations; one of proton-neutron pairing correlations in the odd-odd self-conjugate nucleus 42Sc, and the other investigating the charge radii of neutron-rich Y isotopes and the sudden onset of nuclear deformation in the Z~40, N~60 region of the nuclear chart. For the first time, the 42g,42mSc isomer shift, and corresponding change in mean-square charge radius, has been studied via collinear laser spectroscopy at IGISOL IV. The result for the change in mean-square charge radius supports the qualitative prediction given by the intuitive picture of proton-neutron pairing, in which the nuclear charge radius should be greater for an I=0, T=1 nuclear state than an I≠0, T=0 state. This result is also, qualitatively speaking at least, in agreement with the results of previous proton-neutron pairing studies, namely studies of the charge radii of 38g,38mK and 50g,50mMn. In addition to this, new values of the atomic factors for the mass and field shift, F and M, have allowed for a recalibration of the Sc charge radii measured previously on the same atomic transition as used here. Spectroscopy has been performed on radioactive Y2+ ions for the first time. The motivation for this was to recalibrate previously measured charge radii for 86-90,92-102Y and isomeric states in 87-90,93,96,98Y, which were measured on the 363.3nm 5s2 S0 → 4d5p 1P1 transition occurring in the Y+ ion. The complexity of this transition hindered the ability to reliably calculate the atomic mass and field shift factors, which are necessary for extraction of nuclear charge radii.

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44

Jones, Matthew J. "The effect of scandium on the annealing behaviour of deformed aluminium." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2001. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488064.

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45

Mroz, Michael V. "Characterization of Morphological and Chemical Properties of Scandium Containing Cathode Materials." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou158470102410177.

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46

Champion, Leah. "Crisis Communication and Celebrity Scandal: An Experiment on Response Strategies." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5661.

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Recent allegations surrounding Bill Cosby presented an opportunity to combine, test, and extend situational crisis communication theory typology and image repair theory response strategies for celebrity use. Because Cosby did not respond to the numerous allegations against him, it presented an opportunity to experiment with new and existing typologies using a real case, as opposed to analyzing past response attempts or using a hypothetical case. This study used a 2 X 4 factorial design to test veracity of claims, a proposed concept, and response strategies via survey. Even though none of the hypotheses were supported, the present study opened up a number questions for future researchers to explore and further expand crisis communication theories and typologies.

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47

Röckner, Johan, and Filippa Pihl. "Det hållbara hotellet : En kritisk diskursanalys av Scandic Sveriges hållbarhetskommunikation." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-170072.

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Sustainability communication have in the wake of a wider discussion about climate change been a subject of great exponential growth. This study, The sustainable hotel - A critical discourse analysis of Scandic Sweden´s sustainability communication, aims to present how one of the largest companies in the hotel industry in Scandinavia presents sustainability communication within their system of media. This study relies on a theoretical framework based on Mcluhan´s theory of medium, Bauman´s idea on the society of consumption and the theory of sustainability. With the method of critical discourse analysis combined with rhetorical analysis, we studied Scandic hotels sustainability communication in the context of Fairclough´s three dimensions: textual, discursive practice and social dimension. Furthermore, we analysed how each channel within Scandic Sweden´s media system were used for sustainability communication in the light of Mcluhan´s broad definition of medium. This study makes a number of interesting findings of how sustainability communication mediates from a industry-leading company in regards of sustainability. Scandic hotels make use of vague and broad statements on social media platforms while they communicate about sustainability extensively on their website and in policy documents. This indicates that Scandic construct and presents their sustainability communication differently depending on which medium they make use of.

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McCollough, Christopher Jon. "Media Framing of the Steroids Scandal in Major League Baseball." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33271.

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A content analysis and post hoc content analysis of 362 news articles in national newspapers, regional newspapers, and Internet news Web sites investigated the prevalence of issue-specific and generic frames, frame valence, and the personalization of media coverage of the steroid scandal in Major League Baseball. Research guided by framing theory found 2,353 frames present in the initial analysis and 2,834 frames present after the post hoc analysis. Generic frames were more prevalent than issue-specific frames in coverage in initial analysis. The post hoc analysis, however, indicates that issue-specific frames were more prevalent than generic frames in terms of times present. Frames are valenced negatively more frequently than neutrally or positively in coverage. Media coverage was focused on the individuals more often than on the organization, however, both the individuals and organization were treated similarly in terms of valence of frames. The findings of the analyses supported scholarship calling for more analysis of generic and issue-specific frames, the presence of valence in frames, and the personalization of media coverage in the political communication context that in this case is present in the sports media context as well. Findings merit further scholarship on broader source comparison in coverage of this scandal, agenda-setting in various forms, and further frame analysis in the sports media contexts and other contexts outside of the political communication context as well.
Master of Arts

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Snyder, Kelsey L. "Political (In)Discretion: Hillary Clinton's Response to the Lewinsky Scandal." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1430235052.

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Dedji, Valentin. "HUMAN POVERTY: A SCANDAL IN GOD'S PROJECT FOR THE WORLD." Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 2005. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,2702.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Scandian'

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