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Journal articles on the topic 'Scanning X-ray Spectroscopy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Hitchcock, Adam P., Peter Krüger, Carla Bittencourt, George D. W. Swerhone, and John R. Lawrence. "Spatially Resolved Soft X-ray Spectroscopy in Scanning X-ray Microscopes." Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, S2 (August 2019): 254–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927619002009.

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2

TERADA, Yasuko. "Modern X-ray Spectroscopy II. X-ray Fluorescence Analysis with Scanning X-ray Microprobe." Journal of the Spectroscopical Society of Japan 57, no. 2 (2008): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5111/bunkou.57.87.

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3

Almarshad, Hassan A., Sayed M. Badawy, and Abdalkarem F. Alsharari. "Structural Characterization of Gallbladder Stones Using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 21, no. 7 (November 15, 2018): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207321666180913113803.

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Aim and Objective: Formation of the gallbladder stones is a common disease and a major health problem. The present study aimed to identify the structures of the most common types of gallbladder stones using X-ray spectroscopic techniques, which provide information about the process of stone formation. Material and Method: Phase and elemental compositions of pure cholesterol and mixed gallstones removed from gallbladders of patients were studied using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy combined with scanning electron microscopy analysis and X-ray diffraction. Results: The crystal structures of gallstones which coincide with standard patterns were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Plate-like cholesterol crystals with laminar shaped and thin layered structures were clearly observed for gallstone of pure cholesterol by scanning electron microscopy; it also revealed different morphologies from mixed cholesterol stones. Elemental analysis of pure cholesterol and mixed gallstones using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the different formation processes of the different types of gallstones. Conclusion: The method of fast and reliable X-ray spectroscopic techniques has numerous advantages over the traditional chemical analysis and other analytical techniques. The results also revealed that the X-ray spectroscopy technique is a promising technique that can aid in understanding the pathogenesis of gallstone disease.

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4

Clark, Adam H., Patrick Steiger, Benjamin Bornmann, Stephan Hitz, Ronald Frahm, Davide Ferri, and Maarten Nachtegaal. "Fluorescence-detected quick-scanning X-ray absorption spectroscopy." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 27, no. 3 (April 6, 2020): 681–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577520002350.

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Time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) offers the possibility to monitor the state of materials during chemical reactions. While this technique has been established for transmission measurements for a number of years, XAS measurements in fluorescence mode are challenging because of limitations in signal collection as well as detectors. Nevertheless, measurements in fluorescence mode are often the only option to study complex materials containing heavy matrices or in samples where the element of interest is in low concentration. Here, it has been demonstrated that high-quality quick-scanning full extended X-ray absorption fine-structure data can be readily obtained with sub-second time resolution in fluorescence mode, even for highly diluted samples. It has also been demonstrated that in challenging samples, where transmission measurements are not feasible, quick fluorescence can yield significant insight in reaction kinetics. By studying the fast high-temperature oxidation of a reduced LaFe0.8Ni0.8O3 perovskite type, an example where the perovskite matrix elements prevent measurements in fluorescence, it is shown that it is now possible to follow the state of Ni in situ at a 3 s time resolution.

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5

Goode, Angela E., Alexandra E. Porter, Mary P. Ryan, and David W. McComb. "Correlative electron and X-ray microscopy: probing chemistry and bonding with high spatial resolution." Nanoscale 7, no. 5 (2015): 1534–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr05922k.

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Benefits and challenges of correlative spectroscopy: electron energy-loss spectroscopy in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM-EELS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy in the scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM-XAS).

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6

Hosokawa, Yoshinori, Sumito Ozawa, Hiromoto Nakazawa, and Yasuyuki Nakayama. "An x-ray guide tube and a desk-top scanning x-ray analytical microscope." X-Ray Spectrometry 26, no. 6 (November 1997): 380–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4539(199711/12)26:6<380::aid-xrs237>3.0.co;2-#.

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7

Doyne, Thomas H. "Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis." Microchemical Journal 40, no. 1 (August 1989): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-265x(89)90119-7.

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8

Bluhm, Hendrik, Mary Gilles, Simon Mun, and Tolek Tyliszczak. "Meeting Report: Novel Approaches to Soft X-ray Spectroscopy: Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy and Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy." Synchrotron Radiation News 19, no. 1 (March 2006): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08940880500524948.

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9

Belkhou, Rachid, Stefan Stanescu, Sufal Swaraj, Adrien Besson, Milena Ledoux, Mahdi Hajlaoui, and Didier Dalle. "HERMES: a soft X-ray beamline dedicated to X-ray microscopy." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 22, no. 4 (June 27, 2015): 968–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515007778.

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The HERMES beamline (High Efficiency and Resolution beamline dedicated to X-ray Microscopy and Electron Spectroscopy), built at Synchrotron SOLEIL (Saint-Auban, France), is dedicated to soft X-ray microscopy. The beamline combines two complementary microscopy methods: XPEEM (X-ray Photo Emitted Electron Microscopy) and STXM (Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy) with an aim to reach spatial resolution below 20 nm and to fully exploit the local spectroscopic capabilities of the two microscopes. The availability of the two methods within the same beamline enables the users to select the appropriate approach to study their specific case in terms of sample environment, spectroscopy methods, probing depthetc. In this paper a general description of the beamline and its design are presented. The performance and specifications of the beamline will be reviewed in detail. Moreover, the article is aiming to demonstrate how the beamline performances have been specifically optimized to fulfill the specific requirements of a soft X-ray microscopy beamline in terms of flux, resolution, beam sizeetc. Special attention has been dedicated to overcome some limiting and hindering problems that are usually encountered on soft X-ray beamlines such as carbon contamination, thermal stability and spectral purity.

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10

SUSINI, J., M. SALOMÉ, B. FAYARD, R. ORTEGA, and B. KAULICH. "THE SCANNING X-RAY MICROPROBE AT THE ESRF "X-RAY MICROSCOPY" BEAMLINE." Surface Review and Letters 09, no. 01 (February 2002): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x02001793.

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The development of high brilliance X-ray sources coupled with advances in manufacturing technologies of focusing optics has led to significant improvements in submicrometer probes for spectroscopy, diffraction and imaging applications. For instance, X-ray microscopy in the 1–10 keV energy range is better-suited for analyzing trace elements in fluorescence yield. This article will be biased towards submicron fluorescence microscopy developed on the ID21 beamline at the ESRF. The main technical developments, involving new focusing lenses or novel phase contrast method, are presented. Strengths and weaknesses of X-ray microscopy and spectromicroscopy techniques are discussed and illustrated by examples in biology, materials science and geology.

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11

Diaz-Moreno, Sofia, Monica Amboage, Mark Basham, Roberto Boada, Nicolas E. Bricknell, Giannantonio Cibin, Thomas M. Cobb, et al. "The Spectroscopy Village at Diamond Light Source." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 4 (June 1, 2018): 998–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518006173.

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This manuscript presents the current status and technical details of the Spectroscopy Village at Diamond Light Source. The Village is formed of four beamlines: I18, B18, I20-Scanning and I20-EDE. The village provides the UK community with local access to a hard X-ray microprobe, a quick-scanning multi-purpose XAS beamline, a high-intensity beamline for X-ray absorption spectroscopy of dilute samples and X-ray emission spectroscopy, and an energy-dispersive extended X-ray absorption fine-structure beamline. The optics of B18, I20-scanning and I20-EDE are detailed; moreover, recent developments on the four beamlines, including new detector hardware and changes in acquisition software, are described.

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12

Aquila, I., S. Boca, P. Ricci, G. Perozziello, P. Candeloro, E. Di Fabrizio, N. Malara, S. Gratteri, MA Sacco, and M. Francardi. "The use of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in a case of occupational death." Medico-Legal Journal 88, no. 3 (April 1, 2020): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025817219891085.

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Scanning electron microscopy is a technique that provides high-resolution images at the micro- and nano-scale. The combination of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis is developing fast for application in forensic science. In this work, we report a case of work-related traumatic death of a 50-year-old man. The autopsy showed cranial fractures with cerebral haemorrhage. It was more difficult to understand the accident dynamics because the body had been shifted from the accident site to mask what had really taken place. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to identify the material of the impacting tool and to establish the possible legal responsibility of the employer. In this study, we demonstrate that scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy is a useful forensic tool for the analysis of biological samples. Further, for studying the lacerations on the corpse from doubtful blunt tools, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy can assist in demonstrating that the scene has been falsified, as it was in this case.

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13

Ilkiv, B. I., S. S. Petrovska, R. A. Sergienko, О. О. Foya, O. V. Ilkiv, T. N. Bondarenko, E. Shibata, T. Nakamura, and Ya V. Zaulychnyy. "X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Electronic Structure of Graphene Nanosheets." Фізика і хімія твердого тіла 16, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.16.2.289-292.

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Investigations of graphene nanosheets and oxidized graphene nanosheets were carried out using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy investigations were used in addition to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that functional carboxyl and epoxide groups were removed from samples due to argon bombardment in studies of oxidized graphene nanosheets with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Thus the ОKα-band was not revealed in oxidized graphene nanosheets owing to oxygen removal due to electron bombardment with the use of. ultra-soft X-ray emission spectroscopy.

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14

IWAI, Hideo, Retsu OIWA, Paul E. LARSON, and Masahiro KUDO. "Spherical Aberration and Beam Shape Simulation of Scanning X-ray Source for X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy." Hyomen Kagaku 16, no. 9 (1995): 592–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.16.592.

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15

Zhong, Jun, Jian Wang, Ji-Gang Zhou, Bao-Hua Mao, Chang-Hai Liu, Hui-Biao Liu, Yu-Liang Li, Tsun-Kong Sham, Xu-Hui Sun, and Sui-Dong Wang. "Electronic Structure of Graphdiyne Probed by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 117, no. 11 (March 6, 2013): 5931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp310013z.

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16

Hitchcock, A., M. Obst, T. Tyliszczak, S. Kalirai, and D. Bazylinski. "Chemically selective imaging and spectroscopy with Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy." Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, S2 (August 2013): 2038–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192761301218x.

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17

Mansfield, John F., and Brett L. Pennington. "X-Ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy in the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600021036.

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The environmental scanning electron microscope (Environmental SEM) has proved to be a powerful tool in both materials science and the life sciences. Full characterization of materials in the environmental SEM often requires chemical analysis by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS). However, the spatial resolution of the XEDS signal can be severely degraded by the gaseous environment in the sample chamber. At an operating pressure of 5Torr a significant fraction of the primary electron beam is scattered after it passes through the final pressure limiting aperture and before it strikes the sample. Bolon and Griffin have both published data that illustrates this effect very well. Bolon revealed that 45% of the primary electron beam was scattered by more than 25 μm in an Environmental SEM operating at an accelerating voltage of 30kV, with a water vapor pressure of 3Torr and a working distance of 15mm.

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18

Felten, Alexandre, Carla Bittencourt, Jean-Jacques Pireaux, Manuela Reichelt, Joachim Mayer, Daniel Hernandez-Cruz, and Adam P. Hitchcock. "Individual Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Spectroscopy by Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy." Nano Letters 7, no. 8 (August 2007): 2435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl071134e.

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19

Giray, C. Bahadir, Meral Dogan, Ayse Akalin, Jonas Baltrusaitis, Daniel C. N. Chan, H. Catherine W. Skinner, and A. Umran Dogan. "Sialolith Characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy." Scanning 29, no. 5 (2007): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sca.20069.

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20

Hayakawa, Shinjiro, Shunji Goto, Takashi Shoji, Eiji Yamada, and Yohichi Gohshi. "X-ray microprobe system for XRF analysis and spectroscopy at SPring-8 BL39XU." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 5, no. 3 (May 1, 1998): 1114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s090904959701892x.

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An X-ray microprobe system for X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis and spectroscopy has been developed at SPring-8 BL39XU; it comprises an X-ray focusing or collimation system, energy-dispersive (ED) and wavelength-dispersive (WD) XRF spectrometers, and a sample-scanning system. The conventional ED spectrometer will be utilized for qualitative and quantitative trace-element analysis, and the WD spectrometer will be used both for trace-element analysis and XRF spectroscopy. A combination of monochromated undulator radiation and the WD spectrometer will enable resonant XRF spectroscopy using brilliant hard X-ray undulator radiation.

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21

MA, Wanzheng, Abdol Ghaffar Ebadi, Mostafa shahbazi sabil, Ramin Javahershenas, and Giorgos Jimenez. "One-pot synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives by MNPs@Cu as an effective and reusable magnetic nanocatalyst." RSC Advances 9, no. 23 (2019): 12801–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra01679a.

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MNPs@Cu as an effective, recyclable nanocatalyst was prepared and characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis vibrating sample magnetometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.

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22

Sharma, Shubham, Swarna Jaiswal, Brendan Duffy, and Amit Jaiswal. "Nanostructured Materials for Food Applications: Spectroscopy, Microscopy and Physical Properties." Bioengineering 6, no. 1 (March 19, 2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6010026.

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Nanotechnology deals with matter of atomic or molecular scale. Other factors that define the character of a nanoparticle are its physical and chemical properties, such as surface area, surface charge, hydrophobicity of the surface, thermal stability of the nanoparticle and its antimicrobial activity. A nanoparticle is usually characterized by using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. Microscopic techniques are used to characterise the size, shape and location of the nanoparticle by producing an image of the individual nanoparticle. Several techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy/high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM/HRTEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) have been developed to observe and characterise the surface and structural properties of nanostructured material. Spectroscopic techniques are used to study the interaction of a nanoparticle with electromagnetic radiations as the function of wavelength, such as Raman spectroscopy, UV–Visible spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), dynamic light scattering spectroscopy (DLS), Zeta potential spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. Nanostructured materials have a wide application in the food industry as nanofood, nano-encapsulated probiotics, edible nano-coatings and in active and smart packaging.

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23

Zhuiykov, Serge, Eugene Kats, Tomoaki Sato, Hiroshi Ikeda, and Norio Miura. "Development of quasi-two-dimensional Nb2O5 nanoflakes with thickness-depended electro-chemical properties." Functional Materials Letters 08, no. 01 (February 2015): 1550007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604715500071.

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Quasi-two-dimensional (Q2D) Nb 2 O 5 nanoflakes were synthesized by combined sol–gel/exfoliation method with the average thickness of 10–25 nm. Their structural, surface- and electro-chemical properties were closely studied and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), conductive atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy techniques.

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24

Slater, Thomas, Yiqiang Chen, Gregory Auton, Nestor Zaluzec, and Sarah Haigh. "X-Ray Absorption Correction for Quantitative Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopic Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy of Spherical Nanoparticles." Microscopy and Microanalysis 22, no. 2 (April 2016): 440–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927616000064.

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AbstractA new method to perform X-ray absorption correction for spherical particles in quantitative energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in the scanning transmission electron microscope is presented. An absorption correction factor is derived and simulated data is presented encompassing a range of X-ray absorption conditions. Theoretical calculations are compared with experimental data of X-ray counts from Au nanoparticles to verify the derived methodology. The effect of detector elevation angle is considered and a comparison with thin-film absorption correction is included.

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25

Valdrè, G. "Collimated and windowless x-ray microfluorescence analysis in a scanning electron microscope." X-Ray Spectrometry 22, no. 1 (January 1993): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300220110.

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26

Turner, Nancy K., Catherine Schmidt Patterson, Douglas K. MacLennan, and Karen Trentelman. "Visualizing underdrawings in medieval manuscript illuminations with macro‐X‐ray fluorescence scanning." X-Ray Spectrometry 48, no. 4 (June 21, 2018): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.2956.

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27

Greaves, G. N., A. J. Dent, B. R. Dobson, S. M. Clark, C. A. Ramsdale, G. Sankar, P. A. Wright, S. Natarajan, J. M. Thomas, and R. H. Jones. "Combined QEXAFS-XRD, a new technique combiningin situfast scanning X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 49, s1 (August 21, 1993): c10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767378099699.

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28

Maser, Osanna, Wang, Jacobsen, Kirz, Spector, Winn, and Tennant. "Soft X-ray microscopy with a cryo scanning transmission X-ray microscope: I. Instrumentation, imaging and spectroscopy." Journal of Microscopy 197, no. 1 (January 2000): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2818.2000.00630.x.

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29

Adnan, J., M. Arfan, T. Shahid, MZ Khan, R. Masab, AH Ramish, S. Ahtasham, et al. "Synthesis of cadmium hydroxide nanostructure via composite-hydroxide-mediated approach." Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 9 (January 1, 2019): 184798041985255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1847980419852551.

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Polycrystalline cadmium hydroxide nanomaterials have successfully been synthesized by composite-hydroxide-mediated approach with growth time variation. The influence of growth time on structural, morphological, elemental, and optical properties was explored using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction results revealed the hexagonal and monoclinic phases of cadmium hydroxide along with rhombohedral impurity phase of cadmium carbonate. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy further endorsed the X-ray diffraction results and confirmed the Cd–O bonding vibrations. Time-dependent uniform distribution of spherical morphology was observed in the scanning electron micrographs of the product. The presence of cadmium and oxygen in the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results fingerprinted the purity and formation of the desired nanomaterials. Crystallite size was decreased with the increase of growth time as estimated by the Debye–Scherrer method. Furthermore, the optical bandgap was measured by Tauc’s relation using ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra and found to be in the range of 3.2–3.5 eV.

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Xia, Jin Lan, Hong Chang Liu, Zhen Yuan Nie, Hong Rui Zhu, Yun Yang, Lei Wang, Jian Jun Song, et al. "Characterization of Microbe-Mineral Interfacial Interaction Based on Synchrotron Radiation Techniques." Advanced Materials Research 1130 (November 2015): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1130.123.

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This article presents the progress on characterization of the interfacial interaction between sulfur oxidizing microbes and sulfide minerals by using of synchrotron radiation-based techniques including S/Fe/Cu X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) mapping and micro-scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (μ-STXM) imaging, together with other accessory approaches such as SEM/EDS, Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, and electrochemical methods as well as comparative proteomics methodology.

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O'Donnell, K. M., H. Hedgeland, G. Moore, A. Suleman, M. Siegl, L. Thomsen, O. Warschkow, and S. R. Schofield. "Orientation and stability of a bi-functional aromatic organic molecular adsorbate on silicon." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 39 (2016): 27290–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp04328c.

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In this work we combine scanning tunneling microscopy, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory to resolve a long-standing confusion regarding the adsorption behaviour of benzonitrile on Si(001) at room temperature.

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Srisrual, Anusara, Thammaporn Thublaor, and Patthranit Wongpromrat. "CHAPTER 3 Characterisation of Thermal Oxide Scales on Stainless Steels." Solid State Phenomena 300 (February 2020): 47–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.300.47.

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This chapter aims at reviewing the characterisation techniques that are commonly used for high temperature oxidation study, especially on stainless steels. In addition, the experimental studies about the high temperature oxidation i.e. thermogravimetric method and chromium volatilisation measurement are explained. The various kinds of characterisation techniques for physico-chemical and electronic properties of thermal oxide scales are reviewed, starting from optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), focused ion beam coupled with scanning electron microscope (FIB/SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy (RS), and photoelectrochemical characterisation (PEC). The review focuses on the basic concepts and shows how the characterising tools can be applied to thermal oxide characterisation.

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Wang, Zhiqiang, Jian Wang, Tsun-Kong Sham, and Shaoguang Yang. "Origin of luminescence from ZnO/CdS core/shell nanowire arrays." Nanoscale 6, no. 16 (2014): 9783–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr02231a.

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Chemical imaging, electronic structure and optical properties of ZnO/CdS nano-composites have been investigated using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM), X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) spectroscopy.

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Akram, Hanane, Ouafae Achak, and Tarik Chafik. "Subcritical hydrothermal synthesis of amorphous molybdenum disulfide spheres." Journal of Chemical Research 44, no. 11-12 (May 19, 2020): 738–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747519820923099.

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Amorphous MoS2 spheres with diameters ranging from 150 nm to 1.5 μm are successfully prepared following a reliable one-pot hydrothermal route using a homemade autoclave and inexpensive reactants, at a low temperature (160 °C) and a short reaction time (12 h). The obtained material is comprehensively characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning-electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction pattern reveals the amorphous structure of the prepared sample without stacking layers, whereas scanning-electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images indicate the formation of spheres with regular shape and morphology.

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Wang, Adele Qi, and Teresa Diane Golden. "Electrochemical Formation of Cerium Oxide/Layered Silicate Nanocomposite Films." Journal of Nanotechnology 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8459374.

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Cerium oxide/montmorillonite nanocomposite films were synthesized electrochemically from solutions containing 0.5 to 50% Na-montmorillonite. The nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Nanocomposite films synthesized from montmorillonite concentrations lower than 10% were continuous, uniform, and dense. X-ray diffraction confirmed that the nanocomposite films retain the face-centered cubic structure of cerium oxide while incorporating exfoliated platelets of the montmorillonite into the matrix. In addition, calculations from XRD data showed particle sizes ranging from 4.50 to 6.50 nm for the nanocomposite coatings. Raman and FTIR spectroscopy had peaks present for cerium oxide and the layered silicates in the coatings. Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the presence of montmorillonite throughout the cerium oxide matrix.

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36

Srithar, A., J. C. Kannan, and T. S. Senthil. "Synthesis, structural and optical properties of Mn doped ZnO nanoparticles and their antibacterial application." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 12, no. 12 (June 15, 2016): 4593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v12i12.803.

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In the present investigation, MnxZn1-xO (x = 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1%) nanoparticles have been synthesized by simple precipitation method. Their structural, morphological and optical properties were examined by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The Powder X-ray diffraction studies confirmed that the manganese doped ZnO have a single phase nature with hexagonal wurtzite structure and Mn successfully incorporated into the lattice position of Zn in ZnO lattice. The FESEM and HRTEM images are coincided with each other for aggregation of particles in nature. The elemental analysis of doped samples has been evaluated by EDX. The antibacterial activity of Mn doped ZnO nanoparticles has also been examined.

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37

KISKINOVA, M., M. MARSI, E. DI FABRIZIO, and M. GENTILI. "SYNCHROTRON RADIATION SCANNING PHOTOEMISSION MICROSCOPY: INSTRUMENTATION AND APPLICATION IN SURFACE SCIENCE." Surface Review and Letters 06, no. 02 (April 1999): 265–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x99000287.

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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has become a true microscopic technique at third generation soft X-ray synchrotron sources, finding applications in many domains of academic and applied research. This paper describes the present status of scanning photoemission microscopy, where by using photon optics the photon beam can be focused to micron or submicron dimensions and imaging or spectroscopy can be performed. It discusses different photon focusing optical elements and describes the major components of the constructed scanning microscopes. The applications of imaging and spectroscopy with high lateral resolution in surface science are illustrated, and some recent results obtained in different laboratories are briefly reviewed.

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Tas, A. Cüneyt. "X-ray diffraction data for flux-grown calcium hydroxyapatite whiskers." Powder Diffraction 16, no. 2 (June 2001): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1330273.

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Calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) whiskers were prepared by using the technique of molten salt synthesis with the fluxing agent of potassium sulphate (K2SO4). A tentative x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was suggested for the produced whiskers. Phase purity, composition, and morphology of the whiskers were investigated by powder XRD, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, respectively.

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Hosokawa, Yoshinori, Yoshio Miyoshi, Hirotaka Tanabe, Tohru Takamatsu, Kenichi Obori, and Jun Kawai. "Energy dispersive transmission X-ray scanning micro-imaging with an X-ray guide tube." Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 59, no. 8 (August 2004): 1301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2004.05.015.

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Nozaki, Chika, Takashi Yamada, Kenji Tabata, and Eiji Suzuki. "Synthesis and characterization of homogeneous lead-substituted tin oxide with the (110) face of rutile structure." Journal of Materials Research 15, no. 10 (October 2000): 2076–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2000.0298.

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Synthesis of a rutile-type lead-substituted tin oxide with (110) face was investigated. The characterization was performed by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area measurements. The homogeneous rutile-type lead-substituted tin oxide was obtained until 4.1 mol% of tin was substituted with lead. The surface of obtained oxide had a homogeneously lead-substituted (110) face.

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Quintana Mendoza, Jose H., J. A. Henao, Andrea P. Aparicio, and Arnold R. Romero Bohorquez. "X-ray powder diffraction data and characterization of Mirabegron." Powder Diffraction 32, no. 4 (December 2017): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715617001129.

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Mirabegron, (C21H24N4O2S), is a β3-adrenoceptor agonist approved in Japan, the USA, Canada and Europe, for the treatment of overactive bladder symptoms. There are no entries for this important active pharmaceutical ingredient in the Cambridge Structural Database or the Powder Diffraction File-4/Organics database. In this contribution, the powder diffraction pattern of Mirabegron, an unreported phase, are presented with a study by spectroscopy methods (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy [FT-IR] and RAMAN) and thermal analysis (thermogravimetric analysis [TGA]-differential scanning calorimetry [DSC]).

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Paparazzo, E., L. Moretto, J. P. Northover, C. D’Amato, and A. Palmieri. "Scanning Auger microscopy and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of Roman bronzes." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 13, no. 3 (May 1995): 1229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.579866.

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Stötzel, J., D. Lützenkirchen-Hecht, and R. Frahm. "A new flexible monochromator setup for quick scanning x-ray absorption spectroscopy." Review of Scientific Instruments 81, no. 7 (July 2010): 073109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3458015.

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DE LOZANNE, ALEX. "SCANNING TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY OF THIN FILMS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS." Modern Physics Letters B 03, no. 02 (February 1989): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984989000182.

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In this paper recent results in the synthesis of thin films of Y-Ba-Cu-O and their characterization by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy, resistivity and critical currents will be briefly reviewed.

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45

DiLullo, Andrew, Nozomi Shirato, Marvin Cummings, Heath Kersell, Hao Chang, Daniel Rosenmann, Dean Miller, John W. Freeland, Saw-Wai Hla, and Volker Rose. "Local X-ray magnetic circular dichroism study of Fe/Cu(111) using a tunneling smart tip." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 23, no. 2 (January 28, 2016): 574–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515023383.

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Localized spectroscopy with simultaneous topographic, elemental and magnetic information is presented. A synchrotron X-ray scanning tunneling microscope has been employed for the local study of the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism at the FeL2,3-edges of a thin iron film grown on Cu(111). Polarization-dependent X-ray absorption spectra have been obtained through a tunneling smart tip that serves as a photoelectron detector. In contrast to conventional spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray excitations provide magnetic contrast even with a non-magnetic tip. Intensity variations in the photoexcited tip current point to chemical variations within a single magnetic Fe domain.

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Chakraborty, Pinki, Aman Kothari, and Rajamani Nagarajan. "Highly ordered polyaniline as an efficient dye remover." Adsorption Science & Technology 36, no. 1-2 (April 11, 2017): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617417700146.

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Polyaniline was synthesized by the chemical oxidative polymerization procedure at room temperature employing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidant and ferrous chloride (FeCl2·2H2O) and vanadyl sulphate (VOSO4·H2O) as co-catalysts, respectively. The obtained polymers were characterized by high resolution powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman, UV–Visible, photoluminescence spectroscopy, thermogravimetric Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) techniques. Ordered arrangement indicative of semi-crystalline nature of polyaniline was evidenced from the presence of intense reflection at d = 13.72 Å in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern followed by two lesser intense peaks at 4.61 and 3.47 Å. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopic results indicated the polyaniline to be emeraldine salt form. Fibrous morphology was observed in scanning electron microscope images. Nearly 93% of Methyl Orange dye was adsorbed in 30 min by the ordered polyaniline at room temperature. No significant difference in the crystallinity and/or ordering was noticed in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern after dye adsorption. The correlation between the ordered structure of polyaniline and its higher adsorption property derived in the current study has the potential to fabricate devices consisting polyaniline to detect dye molecules.

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Plotnick, Roy E. "X-ray analysis using energy dispersive and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy." Paleontological Society Special Publications 4 (1989): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200005116.

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Scanning electron microscopy has long been used by paleontologists for the detailed morphological study of fossil organisms. Often, however, as in studies of growth or diagenesis, the researcher is also interested in the chemical composition of the specimen. Traditional methods of chemical analysis, such as “wet” chemistry or atomic absorption, require destructive preparation (crushing, grinding, solution) and provide only bulk chemical analyses; there is no measure of the spatial distribution of elements.

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Ebel, M. F., H. Ebel, R. Svagera, M. Heller, J. Wernisch, and R. Kaitna. "Considerations on a 3D-XRF by pixel scanning and variable x-ray geometry." X-Ray Spectrometry 22, no. 4 (July 1993): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300220423.

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Caliri, Claudia, Marina Bicchieri, Paola Biocca, and Francesco Paolo Romano. "In situ macro X‐Ray fluorescence scanning on a Leonardo da Vinci portrait." X-Ray Spectrometry 50, no. 4 (September 7, 2020): 332–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3193.

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Muresan-Pop, Marieta, Irina Kacsó, Xenia Filip, Emilia Vanea, G. Borodi, N. Leopold, I. Bratu, and S. Simon. "Spectroscopic and physical–chemical characterization of ambazone–glutamate salt." Spectroscopy 26, no. 2 (2011): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/414103.

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Ambazone monohydrate C8H11N7S · H2O (AMB), a well-known antimicrobial compound, was used together with Glutamic Acid C5H9NO4(Glu) to obtain a new solid form using the solvent-drop grinding procedure. The screening of the new solid form was best achieved by the combined use of X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) and several spectroscopic techniques (Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman and13C-NMR spectroscopy) together with Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry (DTA–TGA). The combination of the mentioned analytical techniques allows the compound to be assigned to an ambazone–glutamate salt which crystallizes in monoclinic system having the following lattice parameters:a=9.8352,b=4.7014,c=40.0987 Å and β=94.505°. DSC, TGA data and the before mentioned spectroscopic techniques support the ambazone–glutamate salt formation.

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