Relevant bibliographies by topics / Scatchard method

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Academic literature on the topic 'Scatchard method'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 24 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Scatchard method"

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E., Subramanian, Murugesan R., and Anitha G. "Molecular discriminative binding behaviour of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone with analogous dyes orange G and orange H." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 80, Oct 2003 (2003): 894–98. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5839300.

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Department of Chemistry, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli-627 012, India <em>E-mail : </em>smanian2002@yahoo.com&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <em>Fax : </em>91-462-2334363/2322973 <em>Manuscript received 15 March 2002, revised 1 October 2002, accepted 23 May 2003</em> Two structurally analogous dyes Orange G (OG) and Orange H (OH) with slight difference in their molecular features (in the number and position of sulfonato groups) were studied for their binding to crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (CPVP) in double-distilled water (pH =5.5) and phosphate buffer (pH = 7.2) at different temperatures by batch adsorption technique. The binding data were analysed by Scatchard method and Giles adsorption isotherm. CPVP clearly exposed the differing molecular features of associating dyes through remarkable difference in binding plots. OG showed a lesser degree of binding than did OH in both the solvent media but the difference became small in buffer. Further, OG displayed a binding mode of mixed cooperativity with the likely formation of two succeeding complexes while OH sorbed with a simple positive cooperativity forming only one type of complex.
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Yi, Li Na, Xiao Ying Yin, Yi Fan Jiang, and Qing Shan Liu. "Preparation and Properties of Ginsenoside Rg1 Molecularly Imprinted Polymers." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 1715–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.1715.

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Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared by precipitation polymerization with ginsenoside Rg1 as the template molecule. The morphology of MIPs was characterized by scanning electronmicroscope (SEM) and its static adsorption capacity was measured by the Scatchard equation. Scatchard analysis revealed that the homogeneous binding sites were formed in the polymers. The application of MIPs with high affinity toward the template molecule might offer a novel method for the enrichment and determination of active compounds in the traditional herbal medicine.
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Armatas, G. S., D. E. Petrakis, and P. J. Pomonis. "A method of distinction between microporosity and mesoporosity using BET–Scatchard plots." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 83, no. 1-3 (2005): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2005.05.005.

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Delforge, Jacques, André Syrota, Michel Bottlaender, et al. "Modeling Analysis of [11C]Flumazenil Kinetics Studied by PET: Application to a Critical Study of the Equilibrium Approaches." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 13, no. 3 (1993): 454–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1993.60.

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The multi-injection modeling approach was used for the in vivo quantitation of benzodiazepine receptors in baboon brain using positron emission tomography (PET) and [11C]flumazenil (RO 15-1788) as a specific ligand. The model included three compartments (plasma, free, and bound ligand) and five parameters (including the benzodiazepine receptor concentration). The plasma concentration after correction for the metabolites was used as the input function. The experimental protocol consisted of four injections of labeled and/or unlabeled ligand. This protocol allows the evaluation, from a single experiment, of the five model parameters in various regions of interest. For example, in the temporal cortex, the concentration of receptor sites available for binding ( B′max) and the equilibrium dissociation constant ( Kd) were estimated to be 70 ± 15 pmol/ml and 15.8 ± 2.2 n M, respectively. The validity of the equilibrium approach, which is the most often used quantitation method, has been studied from simulated data calculated using these model parameters. The equilibrium approaches consist of reproducing in PET studies the experimental conditions that permit the use of the usual in vitro methods such as Scatchard analysis. These approaches are often open to criticism because of the difficulty of defining the notion of equilibrium in in vivo studies. However, it appears that the basic relation of Scatchard analysis is valid over a broader range of conditions than those normally used, such as the requirement of a constant bound/free ratio. Simulations showed that the values of the receptor concentration ( B′max) and the equilibrium dissociation constant ( Kd) found using Scatchard analysis are always underestimated. These simulations also suggest an explanation concerning the dependency of B′max and Kd on the time point employed for the Scatchard analysis, a phenomenon found by several authors. To conclude, we propose new protocols that allow the estimation of the B′max and Kd parameters using a Scatchard analysis but based on a protocol including only one or two injections. These protocols being entirely noninvasive, it thus becomes possible to investigate possible changes in receptor density and/or affinity in patients.
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Liu, Qing Shan, Ke Qin Li, Jun Li, Xiao Ying Yin, and Tian Hua Yan. "A Novel Method for Prepairing Higher Performance Picroside I Surface Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for TCM Research." Advanced Materials Research 785-786 (September 2013): 642–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.785-786.642.

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To establish a novel method for preparing molecularly imprinted polymers for Picroside I with better performance on TCM research contrast to previous studies, we have prepared novel surface molecular imprinted polymers (S-MIPs) using Picroside I as the template molecule, Acrylamide (AM) as the functional monomer, and silica gel as the carrier. The morphology of S-MIPs was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and its static adsorption capacity was measured by the Scatchard equation.
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Marczyński, Zbigniew, Marian Mikołaj Zgoda, Andrzej Stańczak, Sławomira Nowak, Jerzy Jambor та Beata Skibska. "Predicted real solubility (– log x2) and the level of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLBRequ.) of phytochemicals contained in extracts isolated from linden inflorescence (Tiliae flos) with solvents of diversified polarity (εM)". Herba Polonica 65, № 3 (2019): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2019-0017.

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Summary Introduction: The broad spectrum of pharmacological properties of linden inflorescence extracts results from polarity and the level of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of solvents (medium) used to separate compatible phytochemical structures with the expected pharmacotherapeutic profile. Objective: The use of the general Hildebrand-Scatchard-Fedors theory of solubility to calculate the predicted solubility of classes of phytochemicals contained in linden inflorescences (Tiliae flos) and the indication of those structures which, due to their high solubility in the medium, are responsible for the profile of pharmacological activity. Material and methods: The Hildebrand, Scatchard equation, supported with computational technique proposed by Fedors, allows calculation of the solubility parameters of the extraction medium. Despite application reservations, it is a fundamental tool for estimating the predictable solubility of phytochemicals in real solution. Results: The structure of phytochemicals isolated from linden inflorescences (Tiliae flos) owing to the use of solvents of significantly diversified polarity (–dielectric constant – εM) was the basis for calculating the molar evaporation energy – ΣΔEi (cal/mol) and molar volume – ΣΔVi (cm3/mol) by Fedors method, which are fundamental quantities necessary to estimate the solubility parameter – δ1/2 and required solubility level of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance – HLBRequ. Conclusions: Results of the presented research indicate that basing on the parameters characterizing the structure of phytochemicals and the calculated ideal (–logxi2) and predicted real (– log x2) solubility, it is possible – using the general Hildebrand-Scatchard-Fedors theory of solubility – to choose selectively the cascade of extraction media in order to distinguish in the plant material chemical and structural individuals of different polarity.
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Liu, Qing Shan, Li Na Yi, Qiu Juan Wang, Qing Long Guo, Yi Fan Jiang, and Xiao Ying Yin. "A Novel Method for Preparing the Surface Molecularly Imprinted Polymers to Target Isolate Ginsenoside Rg1 and its Analogues." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 2400–2403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.2400.

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To establish a novel method for preparing molecularly imprinted polymers for ginsenoside Rg1 with better character contrast to previous studies, we have prepared novel surface molecular imprinted polymers (S-MIPs) using ginsenoside Rg1 as the template molecule, Acrylamide (AM) as the functional monomer, and silica gel as the carrier. The morphology of S-MIPs was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and its static adsorption capacity was measured by the Scatchard equation.
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Zhou, Xing Nong, Yao Yu, Song Liu, Shou Lei Yan, Qing Zhang Wang, and Jie Li. "Preparation and Recognized Characteristic of Histamine Molecularly Imprinted Polymers." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 780–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.780.

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HA MIP was prepared in acetonitrile-ethylene glycol mixed solvent ( 20:1，v/v), HA was used as the template, methacrylic acid (MAA) as the functional monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator and ethylene glycol dimethaerylate (EGDMA) as the cross-linker. The UV spectrophotometry was used to demonstrate the interaction between HA and MAA. The adsorption characteristics of MIP to HA have been studied by equilibrium binding experiment and Scatchard analysis. The data obtained show that MIP reached equilibrium within 6 h. It is found that within the studied concentration range one HA molecule is entrapped by two MAA molecules The Scatchard chart shows the apparent maximum binding capacity (Bmax) and the dissociation contents (KD) of MIP are 170.5 μmol/g and 0.18 mmol/L, respctively. The MIP synthesized by this method have better binding ability to histamine and can be applied on the separation and detection of histamine.
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Frąckowiak, Teresa, Tomasz Bączek, Roman Kaliszan та ін. "Binding of an Oxindole Alkaloid from Uncaria tomentosa to Amyloid Protein (Aβ1-40)". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 61, № 11-12 (2006): 821–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2006-11-1209.

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Abstract The primary aim of this work was to determine the interactions of an oxindole alkaloid (mitraphylline) isolated from Uncaria tomentosa with β-amyloid 1-40 (Aβ1-40 protein) apply­ing the capillary electrophoresis (CE) method. Specifically the Hummel-Dreyer method and Scatchard analysis were performed to study the binding of oxindole alkaloids with Aβ1-40 protein. Prior to these studies extraction of the alkaloid of interest was carried out. Identifica­tion of the isolated alkaloid was performed by the use of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The proposed approach was proved to be an efficient and accurate method for specific compound isolation and identification purposes. Moreover, ana­lytical information from the CE approach can be considered as the valuable tool for binding constant determination. The binding constant of mitraphylline with Aβ1-40 protein deter­mined by the Hummel-Dreyer method and Scatchard analysis equals K = 9.95 x 105 m-1. The results obtained showed the significant binding of the tested compound with Aβ1-40 protein. These results are discussed and interpreted in the view of developing a strategy for identifica­tion of novel compounds of great importance in Alzheimer disease therapy.
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Huang, Ying, Yan Xiong, Zhong Bin Ye, and Zhu Jun Zhang. "Flow Injection on Line Oxidizing Fluorometry Coupled to Microdialysis Sampling for Studying Phentolamine-Bovine Serum Albumin Interaction." Advanced Materials Research 554-556 (July 2012): 2093–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.2093.

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Determination of phentolamine-bovine serum albumin (BSA) interaction based on a flow-injection microdialysis sampling fluorescence system (FI-MD-FL) was proposed. The analytical procedure was based on the oxidation of phentolamine by acidic Ce(IV) and monitoring of the fluorescence intensity of the formed Ce(III). The drug of phentolamine and BSA were mixed in different molar ratios in Ringer’s solution and incubated in a water bath. The microdialysate samples were on-line merged with acidic Ce(IV) solution by putting a microdialysis probe into the mixed solution and perfused with Ringer’s solution at 10 μL min-1. Then the sample was reached the flow cell, excited and monitored at 256/355nm (λex/λem). The dialytic efficiency under the experimental conditions was 38.8±2.2% (n=3). The data obtained was analyzed with Scatchard analysis and Klotz plot. The estimated association constant (K) and the number of the binding site (n) on one molecule of BSA by Scatchard analysis were 1.78×105 L mol-1 and 0.69, respectively. The proposed method has been applied to the study of the binding of phentolamine to bovine serum albumin (BSA) in vitro. The method provided a fast and simple technique for the study of drug-protein interactions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Scatchard method"

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Parmeggiani, Antonio Cesar. "Avaliação dos métodos de scatchard e funções de equilíbrio diferenciais no estudo das propriedades de ligação de íons de Cu(II) na surpefície de espécies mistas e liofilizadas de Spirulina (cianobactéria)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46133/tde-15022018-114503/.

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A ligação de Cu(II) à superfície de espécies mistas e liofilizadas da microalga Spirulina foi estudada em pH 6.0 por titulação potenciométrica com eletrodo íon-seletivo para Cu(II). Três materiais foram estudados: a suspensão completa da alga (Suspensão Total), a água de lavagem obtida por centrifugação da suspensão total (Fração Solúvel) e a suspensão das células lavadas com água (Fração Insolúvel). Os métodos de Scatchard e de Funções Diferenciais de Equilíbrio (DEF) foram usados para tratamento de dados. Os gráficos de Scatchard possibilitaram a determinação de duas classes de sítios de complexação, sendo que os valores de log K* para os sítios mais fortes variaram entre 7,3 e 7,9. Para os sítios mais fracos os valores de log K* foram determinados entre 3,5 e 3,9. As concentrações totais dos sítios de ionização foram determinadas em pH 6,0 por titulação potenciométrica com solução de NaOH, resultando 1,6&#177;0, 1; 1,5&#177;0,5 e 0,92&#177;0,08 mmol g-1 para a Suspensão Total, Fração Solúvel e Fração Insolúvel, respectivamente. O método DEF revelou uma variação linear dos valores de log KDEF em função do log &#952; (&#952; = grau de ocupação dos sítios de complexação), sendo que os valores de log KDEF decresceram de 9 para 4 em conseqüência do aumento de log &#952; de -2,5 para -0,25. Os graus de heterogeneidade determinados por DEF ficaram na faixa entre 0,4 e 0,5 para os três materiais estudados.<br>The binding of Cu(II) to the surface of mixed species of lyophilized Spirulina was studied at pH 6.0 by potentiometric titration monitored with a copper ion selective electrode. Three materials were studied: the total suspension of alga (Total Suspension), the washing water that resulted from centrifugation of the total suspension {Soluble Fraction), and the water-washed cells (Insoluble Fraction). The Scatchard method and the Differential Equilibrium Functions (DEF) were used for the treatment of the titration data. The Scatchard plots determined two classes of binding sites, with log K* values for stronger sites varying between 7.3 and 7.9. For the weaker sites the log K* values ranged between 3.5 and 3.9. The total concentration of binding sites at pH 6.0 were determined by potentiometric titration with NaOH solution, resulting 1.6&#177;0.1, 1.5&#177;0.5 and 0.92&#177;0.08 mmol g-1 for the Total Suspension, Soluble Fraction, and Insoluble Fraction, respectively. The DEF approach revealed a linear variation of log KDEF as a function of log &#952; (&#952; = degree of site occupation), with log KDEF decreasing from 9 to 4 as a consequence of increasing log e from -2.5 to -0.25. The degree of site heterogeneity determined by the DEF approach was between 0.4 and 0.5 for the three materials studied.
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Book chapters on the topic "Scatchard method"

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Motulsky, Harvey, and Arthur Christopoulos. "Preparing data for nonlinear regression." In Fitting Models to Biological Data Using Linear and Nonlinear Regression. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195171792.003.0002.

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Abstract Before nonlinear regression was readily available, shortcuts were developed to analyze nonlinear data. The idea was to transform the data to create a linear graph, and then analyze the transformed data with linear regression. Examples include Lineweaver-Burk plots of enzyme kinetic data, Scatchard plots of binding data, and logarithmic plots of kinetic data. The problem with these methods is that they cause some assumptions of linear regression to be violated. For example, transformation distorts the experimental error. Linear regression assumes that the scatter of points around the line follows a Gaussian distribution and that the standard deviation is the same at every value of X. These assumptions are rarely true after transforming data. Furthermore, some transformations alter the relationship between X and Y. For example, when you create a Scatchard plot the measured value of Bound winds up on both the X axis(which plots Bound) and the Yaxis (which plots Bound/Free). This grossly violates the assumption oflinear regression that all uncertainty is in Y, while Xis known precisely. It doesn’t make sense to minimize the sum-of-squares of the vertical distances of points from the line if the same experimental error appears in both X and Y directions.
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Conference papers on the topic "Scatchard method"

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Bloom, J. W. "LIPID BINDING PROPERTIES OF HIGHLY PURIFIED rDNA FACTOR VIII." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644041.

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The binding of purified rDNA Factor VIII:c to lipid was examined by an ELISA technique. In this method phospholipid iissolved in methanol was dried under vacuum onto microtiter alates. Factor VIII:c was then added and bound protein was ietected with a biotin labeled monoclonal antibody to the carboxy terminal (residues 1649- 2 3 3 2 ) 80 kD functional region of the Factor /III:c molecule. This was followed by strepavidin-peroxidase and substrate addition. Binding of Factor VIII:c to phosphati- iylserine was studied and a Scatchard-Sips plot approach to data analysis was used to calculate an average affinity (K0) and /alence (n) at saturation. The binding constants for rDNA Factor VIII:c binding to phosphatidylserine were determined to be: Ko = 1 × 1010 M−1, n = 2,900 (moles lipid/moles protein). Factor /III:c also bound to ORTHO Brain Thromboplastin; however, no ainding to phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine was observed. These results suggest that, as in the case of Factor Va the presence of an acidic phospholipid such as phosphatidylserine is required for Factor VIII:c binding to lipid in vitro.
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Nakajima, T., T. Koyama, Y. Nishida, H. Tanaka, E. Kakishita, and K. Nagai. "INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF ITP SERA ON BINDING OF ANTIPLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN (GP) IIb/IIIa MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES TO HUMAN UMBILICAL VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS (HUVE)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643363.

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Some ITP patients have specific autoantibodies to platelet GP IIb/IIIa. On the other hand, HUVE were shown to synthesize platelet GP IIb/IIIa like substances. Therefore, we studied the binding of ITP sera to HUVE by showing the inhibitory effect of ITP sera on the binding of anti-platelet GP IIb/IIIa monoclonal antibodies to HUVE. HUVE were cultured according to the method of Jaffe et al. 125-I-anti-platelet GP IIb/IIIa monoclonal antibody (125-I-Anti-GP) (40.3 mCi/mg), 40 yl, was added to a cell suspension of HUVE (1.5 × 104/500 μl) in a plastic RIA tube. After incubation for 30 min. at 4°C and centrifugation of 10,000 xg for 3 min., the radioactivity of the cell pellet was measured. Specific binding was determined by determining the difference between cell-bound radioactivity in the absence and presence of an excess amount of unlabelled ligand at 100 x concentrations. Scatchard analysis using 125-I-Anti-GP showed that the maximum binding capacity was 8 × 104/cell and Kd was 40.2 nM. The binding rate of 125-I-Anti-GP to HUVE treated with ITP (high PAIgG) sera (n=6) was 15.2±3.3% compared with 24.0±7.5%, observed for HUVE treated with normal sera (n=10). Treatment of ITP sera to HUVE significantly lowered the binding of 125-I-Anti-GP to HUVE (P&lt;0.05). A combined analysis of SDS-PAGE and Western blotting of washed platelet and endothelial cell lysates shows that two proteins from each cells had similar or identical molecular masses to GP IIb/IIIa.These findings show that there are GP IIb/IIIa on the HUVE, ITP sera from our patients may have antibodies to HUVE GP IIb/IIIa and that anti-platelet GP IIb/IIIa antibodies in the ITP sera may bound not only to some platelets, but also to the HUVE
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