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Journal articles on the topic 'Scene simulator'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Sriram, Vinay, and David Kearney. "Towards A Multi-FPGA Infrared Simulator." Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology 4, no. 4 (2007): 343–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154851290700400404.

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High speed infrared (IR) scene simulation is used extensively in defense and homeland security to test sensitivity of IR cameras and accuracy of IR threat detection and tracking algorithms used commonly in IR missile approach warning systems (MAWS). A typical MAWS requires an input scene rate of over 100 scenes/second. Infrared scene simulations typically take 32 minutes to simulate a single IR scene that accounts for effects of atmospheric turbulence, refraction, optical blurring and charge-coupled device (CCD) camera electronic noise on a Pentium 4 (2.8GHz) dual core processor [7]. Thus, in

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Luo, Yaotao, Donghui Xie, Jianbo Qi, Kun Zhou, Guangjian Yan, and Xihan Mu. "LESS LiDAR: A Full-Waveform and Discrete-Return Multispectral LiDAR Simulator Based on Ray Tracing Algorithm." Remote Sensing 15, no. 18 (2023): 4529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15184529.

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Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a widely used technology for the acquisition of three-dimensional (3D) information about a wide variety of physical objects and environments. However, before conducting a campaign, a test is typically conducted to assess the potential of the utilized algorithm for information retrieval. It might not be a real campaign but rather a simulation to save time and costs. Here, a multi-platform LiDAR simulation model considering the location, direction, and wavelength of each emitted laser pulse was developed based on the large-scale remote sensing (RS) data and

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Kennedy, Robert S., Kevin S. Berbaum, and Martin G. Smith. "Methods for Correlating Visual Scene Elements with Simulator Sickness Incidence." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 18 (1993): 1252–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129303701811.

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Simulator sickness occurs in a large number of Army, Navy, and Marine Corps simulators, and is most prevalent in moving-base, rotary-wing devices which employ cathode ray tube (CRT) video displays as opposed to fixed-wing, dome-display trainers with no motion base. Based on data from a factor analysis of over 1000 Navy and Marine Corps pilot simulation exposures, a new scoring procedure was applied to two helicopter simulators with similar rates of simulator sickness incidence. Based on the factor analytic scoring key, the two simulators showed slightly different sickness profiles. Preliminary

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Sheppard, Daniel, Daniel Westra, and Gavan Lintern. "Simulator Design and Instructional features for Air-to-Ground Attack: Transfer Study." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 30, no. 10 (1986): 1038–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128603001022.

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A transfer-of-training experiment was conducted to provide guidelines for simulator design and training procedures for air-to-ground attack. Two levels of scene detail (complex day scene versus a low detail dusk scene), three levels of field of view (160H X 80V, 135H X 60V, 103H X 60V), and three levels of simulator training trials (24, 48, 72) were tested in the experiment. Student Naval Aviators (SNAs) were trained in the Visual Technology Research Simulator (VTRS) in 30-degree bombing prior to their standard weapon training phase. Other students, not pretrained in the VTRS, were used for co

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Li, Qianhui, Liquan Dong, Yao Hu, et al. "Skylight Polarization Pattern Simulator Based on a Virtual-Real-Fusion Framework for Urban Bionic Polarization Navigation." Sensors 23, no. 15 (2023): 6906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23156906.

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In a data-driven context, bionic polarization navigation requires a mass of skylight polarization pattern data with diversity, complete ground truth, and scene information. However, acquiring such data in urban environments, where bionic polarization navigation is widely utilized, remains challenging. In this paper, we proposed a virtual-real-fusion framework of the skylight polarization pattern simulator and provided a data preparation method complementing the existing pure simulation or measurement method. The framework consists of a virtual part simulating the ground truth of skylight polar

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Paugam, Ronan, Hadi Bordbar, Alba Àgueda, et al. "Simulation of Thermal Infrared Images from Simulated Fire Scenes." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2885, no. 1 (2024): 012074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2885/1/012074.

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Abstract We summarize here the current development of a simulation strategy aiming at creating a 3D virtual fire lab that can model radiative transfer in simulated fire scenes, and render images in the infrared spectrum. While the end objective is to simulate open landscape scale vegetation fires to help improving fire monitoring Earth Observation products, this work presents a validation exercise performed using a small scale fire scene focusing on flame emission. The fire scene is simulated using the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) model to generate 3D distribution of temperature, soot volume

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Zhu, Tianhui, Hongxiang Ren, Haijiang Li, and Xiao Yang. "An Improved High-Realism Turbulence Simulation of Ocean Scenes in a Maritime Simulator." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 9 (2024): 1498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091498.

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The realism of ocean visual systems is a key challenge in developing maritime simulators within ocean engineering. Achieving high realism in turbulence simulation is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of these simulators. Traditional spectrum-based methods lack realism and fail to generate turbulent interaction effects. To address this, an improved Hybrid Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method is proposed for simulating ocean scenes, incorporating advanced micropolar fluid model techniques to enhance detail realism. The proposed algorithm introduces a density constraint solver that direct

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Feng, Shangchen, Xikai Fu, Yanlin Feng, and Xiaolei Lv. "Single-Scene SAR Image Data Augmentation Based on SBR and GAN for Target Recognition." Remote Sensing 16, no. 23 (2024): 4427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16234427.

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High-performance neural networks for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR) often encounter the challenge of data scarcity. The lack of sufficient labeled SAR image datasets leads to the consideration of using simulated data to supplement the dataset. On the one hand, electromagnetic computation simulations provide high amplitude accuracy but are inefficient for large-scale datasets due to their complex computations and physical models. On the other hand, ray tracing simulations offer high geometric accuracy and computational efficiency but struggle with low amplitud

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WU Di, 武迪, 施蕊 SHI Rui, and 蔡本睿 CAI Benrui. "An IR scene/point target simulator." Optical Technique 41, no. 1 (2015): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/gxjs20154101.0048.

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Zhang, Xiangdong, Zhengwei Xu, and Chengke Wu. "A real time infrared scene simulator." International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves 17, no. 11 (1996): 1987–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02069472.

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Park, Jisung. "An Efficient Acoustic Camera Simulator for Robotic Applications: Design, Implementation, and Validation." Sensors 24, no. 23 (2024): 7835. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24237835.

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As forward-looking imaging sonar, also called an acoustic camera, has emerged as an important sensor for marine robotics applications, its simulators have attracted considerable research attention within the field. This paper presents an acoustic camera simulator that efficiently generates acoustic images using only the depth information of the scene. The simulator approximates the acoustic beam of a real acoustic camera as a set of acoustic rays originating from the center of the acoustic camera. A simplified active sonar model and error models for the acoustic rays are incorporated to accoun

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Zhang, Qihua, Zhihui Li, and Mingjun Liu. "Research on the Relationship between Motion Performance and User Experience of Golf Virtual Simulation Putting Simulator." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (November 26, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1616636.

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This paper designs and develops a virtual golf simulation putting simulator based on the existing computer technology and conducts in-depth research and analysis on the relationship between its motion performance and user experience. The network architecture of the distributed virtual golf simulation system and the scene data management model are established, based on which the server-side system design and the client-side network communication module design of the distributed virtual golf simulation system are carried out. In the requirement analysis, the functional requirements such as build

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Zhang, Haihan, Chun Xie, Hisatoshi Toriya, Hidehiko Shishido, and Itaru Kitahara. "Vehicle Localization in a Completed City-Scale 3D Scene Using Aerial Images and an On-Board Stereo Camera." Remote Sensing 15, no. 15 (2023): 3871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15153871.

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Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) forms the foundation of vehicle localization in autonomous driving. Utilizing high-precision 3D scene maps as prior information in vehicle localization greatly assists in the navigation of autonomous vehicles within large-scale 3D scene models. However, generating high-precision maps is complex and costly, posing challenges to commercialization. As a result, a global localization system that employs low-precision, city-scale 3D scene maps reconstructed by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is proposed to optimize visual positioning for vehicles. To add

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Li, Haijiang, Hongxiang Ren, Shaoyang Qiu, and Chang Wang. "Physics-Based Simulation of Ocean Scenes in Marine Simulator Visual System." Water 12, no. 1 (2020): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12010215.

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The realistic simulation of ocean scenes is of great significance in many scientific fields. We propose an improved Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) framework to simulate the ocean scenes. The improved SPH combines nonlinear constant density constraints and divergence-free velocity field constraint. Density constraints adjust the particle distribution on position layer, so that the density is constrained to a constant state. The addition of the divergence-free velocity field constraint significantly accelerates the convergence of constant density constraint and further reduces the density

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Sheppard, Daniel J., Joyce Madden, and Sherrie A. Jones. "Simulator Design Features for Helicopter Shipboard Landings." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no. 2 (1987): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100222.

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The Vertical Takeoff and Landing Simulator (VTOL) at the Naval Training Systems Center's (NTSC) Visual Technology Research Simulator (VTRS) was used to study the effects of simulator design features on pilot performance in helicopter shipboard landings. The research was designed to evaluate the effects of current design features on the SH—60B Operational Flight Trainer (OFT) used to train helicopter shipboard landing and four proposed simulator design modifications. These were: (1) scene detail (SH—60B OFT scene versus an upgraded VTRS scene), (2) field-of-view (VTRS wide versus a smaller SH—6

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Duh, Henry Been-Lirn, James J. W. Lin, Robert V. Kenyon, Donald E. Parker, and Thomas A. Furness. "Effects of Characteristics of Image Quality in an Immersive Environment." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 11, no. 3 (2002): 324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105474602317473259.

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Image quality issues such as field of view (FOV) and resolution are important for evaluating “presence” and simulator sickness (SS) in virtual environments (VEs). This research examined effects on postural stability of varying FOV, image resolution, and scene content in an immersive visual display. Two different scenes (a photograph of a fountain and a simple radial pattern) at two different resolutions were tested using six FOVs (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 deg.). Both postural stability, recorded by force plates, and subjective difficulty ratings varied as a function of FOV, scene content,

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Duh, Henry Been-Lirn, Donald E. Parker, and Thomas A. Furness. "An Independent Visual Background Reduced Simulator Sickness in a Driving Simulator." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 13, no. 5 (2004): 578–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1054746042545283.

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Simulator sickness (SS)-virtual environment (VE) sickness is expected to become increasingly troublesome as VE technology evolves. This paper investigated using an independent visual background (IVB) to reduce SS and VE sickness. The IVB is a visual scene component that provides visual motion and orientation cues that match those from the vestibular receptors. In this study, the IVB was stationary, fixed with respect to inertial space. Two experiments were conducted. The first experiment examined the differences in visual motion-induced postural disturbance as a function of simultaneous exposu

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Hughes, L. H., S. Auer, and M. Schmitt. "INVESTIGATION OF JOINT VISIBILITY BETWEEN SAR AND OPTICAL IMAGES OF URBAN ENVIRONMENTS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2 (May 28, 2018): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-129-2018.

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In this paper, we present a work-flow to investigate the joint visibility between very-high-resolution SAR and optical images of urban scenes. For this task, we extend the simulation framework SimGeoI to enable a simulation of individual pixels rather than complete images. Using the extended SimGeoI simulator, we carry out a case study using a TerraSAR-X staring spotlight image and a Worldview-2 panchromatic image acquired over the city of Munich, Germany. The results of this study indicate that about 55&amp;thinsp;% of the scene are visible in both images and are thus suitable for matchin

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Estock, Jamie L., Amy L. Alexander, Emily M. Stelzer, and Kathryn Baughman. "Impact of Visual Scene Field of View on F-16 Pilot Performance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, no. 2 (2007): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705100205.

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The tremendous expense and inherent dangers of training in the aircraft have led to the increased use of simulators for practicing and maintaining air combat skills; However, the advantages and disadvantages of using high or low-fidelity simulators for such training must be specified. An experiment was conducted to examine the in-simulator performance differences between pilots flying lower-fidelity simulators compared to higher-fidelity simulators. The primary difference between the two simulators is the visual scene field-of-view. Sixteen U.S. Air Force F-16 pilots flew standard training mis

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Kleiss, James A. "Properties of Computer-Generated Scenes Important for Simulating Low-Altitude Flight." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 1 (1993): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129303700124.

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Previous research indicates two properties of real-world scenes are important to pilots for visual low-altitude flight: (a) vertical development mediated by presence or absence of hills and ridges, and (b) discrete objects exemplified by large objects or groups of objects. The present investigation sought to determine whether these scene properties can be represented with adequate perceptual fidelity in flight simulator visual scenes. The stimuli were sixteen computer-generated scenes exhibiting variation in both properties described above. Subjects rated the visual similarity of scenes with r

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Meng, Lingyu, Zhiqiang Xing, and Dongning Fu. "Reference Map Generation for Synthetic Aperture Radar Based on CycleGAN." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2384, no. 1 (2022): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2384/1/012003.

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Abstract The real-time closed-loop simulator of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) needs to input the SAR radar reference map as the simulation target scene information in the process of simulation. However, it is difficult to obtain the scene map of SAR radar in the detection range that is realistic and consistent with the task target, and the data sets are limited. In this article, Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks (CycleGAN) is applied to realize the migration learning of SAR radar reference map and solve the task required of a directional generation of SAR images.

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Zahidi, Usman A., Peter W. T. Yuen, Jonathan Piper, and Peter S. Godfree. "An End-to-End Hyperspectral Scene Simulator with Alternate Adjacency Effect Models and Its Comparison with CameoSim." Remote Sensing 12, no. 1 (2019): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12010074.

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In this research, we developed a new rendering-based end to end Hyperspectral scene simulator CHIMES (Cranfield Hyperspectral Image Modelling and Evaluation System), which generates nadir images of passively illuminated 3-D outdoor scenes in Visible, Near Infrared (NIR) and Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) regions, ranging from 360 nm to 2520 nm. MODTRAN TM (MODerate resolution TRANsmission), is used to generate the sky-dome environment map which includes sun and sky radiance along with the polarisation effect of the sky due to Rayleigh scattering. Moreover, we perform path tracing and implement ray

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Zhou, Yicheng, Tuo Sun, Shunzhi Wen, et al. "Effectiveness Analysis on Human-Machine Information Interaction of Intelligent Highway." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 (January 11, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2728984.

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Different human-machine collaboration modes and driving simulation tests with the orthogonal method considered are designed for a series of typical intelligent highway landscapes. The feedback of drivers under different interaction modes is evaluated through NASA-LTX questionnaire, driving simulator, eye tracker, and electroencephalograph (EEG). This optimal interaction mode (including voice form, broadcasting timing, and frequency) of each driving assistance scene in CVI (Cooperative Vehicle Infrastructure) environment under the conditions of high and low traffic is determined from subjective

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Kleiss, James A. "Effect of Terrain Shape and Object Grouping on Detection of Altitude Change in a Flight Simulator." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 38, no. 1 (1994): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129403800124.

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Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analyses of flight simulator visual scenes reveal that both the shape of the terrain surface as well as the spatial distribution of objects on the terrain are salient to pilots flying at low altitudes. MDS is based upon similarity ratings and it was deemed important to verify the relevance of these scene properties using a performance based task in a flight simulator. The task was an ascent/descent discrimination task similar to that used in other flight simulation research. Terrain shape and elements on the terrain (texture and objects) were factorially manipula

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Guanzon, Ellen Mae, Rocel Mae Dorimon, Angela Beatriz Siason, Pearly Joy Belmonte, and Alyssa Marie Sareno. "2D Crime Scene Investigation Simulator for the Criminology Schools of Negros Occidental." Kabatiran 1, no. 1 (2023): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.61864/kabatiran.v1i1.35.

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Criminal investigation is a fundamental subject of Criminal Justice education, where students develop analytical and critical thinking skills by performing crime scene investigations. However, the demand for enhanced training is also rising due to the rising population of criminology colleges. This training is vital as this is where the student’s skills and knowledge are applied and improved. This study aimed to develop a reliable, easy-to-use 2D crime scene investigation simulator to address this issue. The study utilized descriptive analytical tools for monitoring and assessing students’ per

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Scannapieco, Antonio Fulvio, Alfredo Renga, and Antonio Moccia. "Indoor Operations by FMCW Millimeter Wave SAR Onboard Small UAS: A Simulation Approach." Journal of Sensors 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4968476.

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A dedicated system simulator is presented in this paper for indoor operations onboard small Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) by a novel millimeter wave radar sensor. The sensor relies on the principle of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) applied to a Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar system. Input to the simulator are both design parameters for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), which should be able to cope with the stringent requirements set by indoor operations, and information about platform navigation and observed scene. The scene generation task is described in detail. This is based

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Zhou, Jing Tao, Huai Guang Wang, and Liang Zhou. "Development of Driving Training Simulator of a Caterpillar Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 2653–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.2653.

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Driving training simulator of a caterpillar vehicle is a simulation system which can simulate all kinds of training course and has the evaluation function, this system using VC++ 6.0 and Direct X software, which has solved the 3D modeling, model introduction, 3D scene modeling, view dynamic control, collision detection, communication control, special effects, sound control, and other key technical problems, it has meted effectively the new equipment teaching and training needs.

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Sidorova, Natalya V., Elena M. Tolstoluzhinskaya, and Elena A. Khabarova. "New challenges in teaching legal disciplines in higher education: the virtual forensic training ground." Perspectives of science and Education 75, no. 3 (2025): 247–64. https://doi.org/10.32744/pse.2025.3.16.

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Introduction. Most Russian VR simulators for forensic science offer limited functionality, unrealistic visuals, and a modest range of available forensic tools and techniques. These simulators generally do not provide alternative (analog) ways of solving forensic problems. Developers of forensic VR simulators tend to focus on visual variety and vividness of crime scenes, creating step-by-step training versions, yet often fail to present how these tools are used within actual academic curricula. The existing simulators do not align with current trends in forensic science education. To match the

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Sgheri, Luca, Claudio Belotti, Maya Ben-Yami, et al. "The FORUM end-to-end simulator project: architecture and results." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 15, no. 3 (2022): 573–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-573-2022.

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Abstract. FORUM (Far-infrared Outgoing Radiation Understanding and Monitoring) will fly as the ninth ESA's Earth Explorer mission, and an end-to-end simulator (E2ES) has been developed as a support tool for the mission selection process and the subsequent development phases. The current status of the FORUM E2ES project is presented together with the characterization of the capabilities of a full physics retrieval code applied to FORUM data. We show how the instrument characteristics and the observed scene conditions impact on the spectrum measured by the instrument, accounting for the main sou

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Grassini, Simone, Karin Laumann, and Ann Kristin Luzi. "Association of Individual Factors with Simulator Sickness and Sense of Presence in Virtual Reality Mediated by Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs)." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 5, no. 3 (2021): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti5030007.

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Many studies have attempted to understand which individual differences may be related to the symptoms of discomfort during the virtual experience (simulator sickness) and the generally considered positive sense of being inside the simulated scene (sense of presence). Nevertheless, a very limited number of studies have employed modern consumer-oriented head-mounted displays (HMDs). These systems aim to produce a high the sense of the presence of the user, remove stimuli from the external environment, and provide high definition, photo-realistic, three-dimensional images. Our results showed that

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Zhang, Qiao Fen, Jian Bo Sun, Cai Qin Sun, and Cheng Jun Shi. "Marine Engine Simulation System for Crew Operation Examination Based on Virtual Reality." Applied Mechanics and Materials 441 (December 2013): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.441.465.

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Aiming at the present deficiency of operation examination for marine engine, a simulation system of marine engine based on virtual reality is developed. In this paper, the virtual scene and 3D entity model of marine engine is constructed by 3DS MAX according to the actual situation of engine room and the specific operation requirements, and then the 3D model is driven by DirectX in the environment of Visual C++6.0 to achieve the functions of VR scene roaming, human-computer interaction and operation examination. The VR simulation system developed as a part of the whole marine engine simulator

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Li, Haijiang, Hongxiang Ren, Xingfeng Duan, and Chang Wang. "An Improved Meshless Divergence-Free PBF Framework for Ocean Wave Modeling in Marine Simulator." Water 12, no. 7 (2020): 1873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071873.

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It is a challenging work to simulate wind and waves in virtual scenes of marine simulators. In this paper, a divergence-free position based fluid (DFPBF) framework is introduced for ocean wave modeling in marine simulators. We introduce a set of constant density constraints and divergence-free velocity constraints to enforce incompressibility. By adjusting the position distribution of fluid particles, the particle density is forced to be constant. Constraining the divergence-free velocity field can keep the density change rate at zero. When correcting the position and velocity of particles, we

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Wang, Ming-Shyan, Jing Lee, and Jian-Hao Chen. "Remote Control of a Moving Platform and Its Applications." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 219, no. 8 (2005): 539–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095965105x33653.

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The paper introduces a motion simulation, monitoring, and controlling system based on a three-degree-of-freedom (3DOF) motion platform, stereographic display, and network communication. Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and fuzzy logic (FL) controllers are applied to control the motion platform and to compare their control qualities with each other. Two applications of the present system are demonstrated. One is a car simulator, in which the motion platform simulates the behaviour of a car running on the road. The other one is an animated virtual reality (VR) remote control system. By coo

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Chapman, Q. H., L. S. Carr, M. J. Syrzycki, and B. Dufort. "Test vehicle for a wafer-scale thermal pixel scene simulator." IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging, and Manufacturing Technology: Part B 17, no. 3 (1994): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/96.311782.

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Geng, Jianrong, Juan He, Hongxia Ye, and Bin Zhan. "A Clutter Suppression Method Based on LSTM Network for Ground Penetrating Radar." Applied Sciences 12, no. 13 (2022): 6457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136457.

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It is critical to estimate and eliminate the wavelets of ground penetrating radar (GPR), so as to optimally compensate the energy attenuation and phase distortion. This paper presents a new wavelet extraction method based on a two-layer Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. It only uses several random A-scan echoes (i.e., single channel detection echo sequence) to accurately predict the wavelet of any scene. The layered detection scenes with objects buried in different region are set for the 3D Finite-Difference Time-Domain simulator to generate radar echoes as a dataset. Additionally, the si

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Li, Quan Yong, Da Mu, Yu Nan Du, and Bo Qi Wu. "Optical Projection System Design of the Infrared Dynamic Scene Simulator Based on DMD." Key Engineering Materials 552 (May 2013): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.552.69.

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Infrared dynamic target simulator can simulate infrared scene practicality in the laboratory, and reduce the research cost of the optical electrical system and offer recycle experiment environments， which are used to evaluate and test the infrared imaging system performance. Infrared scene projection technology based on the digital micro-mirror device (DMD) has been developed and applied to infrared target simulator, whose infrared images were obtained by modulating the launch of infrared radiation. Compared with the traditional simulator, the infrared scene simulator based on digital micro-mi

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Hsu, C.-F., C.-T. Lin, T.-Y. Huang, and K.-Y. Young. "Development of multipurpose virtual-reality dynamic simulator with a force-reflection joystick." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 219, no. 2 (2005): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095965105x9452.

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The objective of this paper is to develop a multipurpose virtual-reality (VR) dynamic simulation system to meet the requirements of public security in the training of human operators. In this way, the operator can feel that he or she is controlling a real machine or vehicle to achieve the objective of real training. The developed VR dynamical simulation system in this paper mainly consists of three elements: a six-degree-of-freedom motion platform (Stewart platform), a force-reflection joystick, and an interactive VR scene. In the developed VR dynamic simulation system, the operator could sit

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Tao, Rui, Hongxiang Ren, and Yi Zhou. "A Ship Firefighting Training Simulator with Physics-Based Smoke." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 8 (2022): 1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081140.

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Under the current background of navigation education, students generally lack a comprehensive grasp of ship firefighting equipment’s operation. Therefore, we develop a novel ship firefighting training simulator with a multi-sensory human–computer interaction function for teaching and training marine students. In the simulator, we consider a container ship of 1.8w containers as the prototype ship, and the entire ship models are built using three-dimensional modeling technology. We design various interactive modes and realize a full-process operation simulation of several standard ship firefight

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Li Zexuan, 李泽宣, 王加朋 Wang Jiapeng, 金尚忠 Jin Shangzhong, 占春连 Zhan Chunlian та 吴柯萱 Wu Kexuan. "基于微辐射阵列的红外动态场景模拟器". Infrared and Laser Engineering 52, № 11 (2023): 20230170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/irla20230170.

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Liu, Ke, Paul Green, and Yili Liu. "Traffic and Ratings of Driver Workload: The Effect of the Number of Vehicles and Their Distance Headways." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (2019): 2134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631051.

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This experiment examined how variations in traffic affected driver workload. Some 24 subjects, 12 younger, 12 older, drove a driving simulator. There were eight scenarios that involved a lead vehicle, a following vehicle, and up to two vehicles in an adjacent lane, one ahead, one behind. Depending on the condition, the subject rated the workload of driving or the visual scene was periodically occluded (visible for 0.5 s after each button press). Ratings were obtained by showing looped clips of expressway scenes (anchors) below the center channel of the simulator. This paper only discusses the

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Hwang, Taemin, and Ik-Hyun Youn. "Difficulty Evaluation of Navigation Scenarios for the Development of Ship Remote Operators Training Simulator." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (2022): 11517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811517.

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The enhancement of navigators’ ability has been promoted by on-scene training; however, considering the safety and repeatability, simulation training (ST) is recommended. Notably, the training of maritime autonomous surface ship (MASS) remote operators has to be performed in a systemic simulated environment. In various fields, ST has differentiated levels of training scenarios considering the proper training effect and evaluation. Although the accuracy and implementation of a realistic situation have received the most attention in simulated navigation, the objective criteria of difficulty are

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Zhao, Ding Xuan, Ying Jie Li, Guo Jun Yang, Qing Bo Hao, Gang Liu, and Miao Xu. "A Type of Fighter Dynamics Modeling and Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 466-467 (February 2012): 577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.466-467.577.

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Dynamics model of fighter was proposed in order to drive on flight simulator virtually. The model took Lagrange equation as basis and simplified analysis of the force on fighter according to the real-time input state information from joystick. The dynamics equation was solved in real time using Runge-Kutta method (RK4). It was proved finally that the model and simulation algorithm had higher dependability through datum and simulation scene which was obtained with graphics engine OpenGVS and 3D visual modeling Software Multigen Creator.

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Fang, Tae-Hyun, Jun-Hyuk Jang, Seung-Bin Oh, and Hong-Tae Kim. "Study on Simulator Sickness Measure on Scene Movement Based Ship Handing Simulator Using SSQ and COP." Journal of Navigation and Port Research 38, no. 5 (2014): 485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5394/kinpr.2014.38.5.485.

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Mourant, Ronald R., and Zhuoyun Ge. "Measuring Attentional Demand in a Virtual Environments Driving Simulator." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, no. 2 (1997): 1268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181397041002121.

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The measurement of drivers' attentional demand is of importance to highway designers as well as to human factors engineers concerned with in-vehicle navigational displays and their user interface. When attentional demand is great, older drivers in particular are subjected to information overload which may adversely affect their driving performance. In 1967, Senders, et. al. measured drivers' attentional demand using a visual occlusion device. They found that attentional demand increased with vehicle velocity, but their study was limited to off-road driving due to safety considerations. The pre

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Bechtold, S., and B. Höfle. "HELIOS: A MULTI-PURPOSE LIDAR SIMULATION FRAMEWORK FOR RESEARCH, PLANNING AND TRAINING OF LASER SCANNING OPERATIONS WITH AIRBORNE, GROUND-BASED MOBILE AND STATIONARY PLATFORMS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences III-3 (June 3, 2016): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-iii-3-161-2016.

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In many technical domains of modern society, there is a growing demand for fast, precise and automatic acquisition of digital 3D models of a wide variety of physical objects and environments. Laser scanning is a popular and widely used technology to cover this demand, but it is also expensive and complex to use to its full potential. However, there might exist scenarios where the operation of a &lt;i&gt;real&lt;/i&gt; laser scanner could be replaced by a computer simulation, in order to save time and costs. This includes scenarios like teaching and training of laser scanning, d

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Bechtold, S., and B. Höfle. "HELIOS: A MULTI-PURPOSE LIDAR SIMULATION FRAMEWORK FOR RESEARCH, PLANNING AND TRAINING OF LASER SCANNING OPERATIONS WITH AIRBORNE, GROUND-BASED MOBILE AND STATIONARY PLATFORMS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences III-3 (June 3, 2016): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iii-3-161-2016.

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In many technical domains of modern society, there is a growing demand for fast, precise and automatic acquisition of digital 3D models of a wide variety of physical objects and environments. Laser scanning is a popular and widely used technology to cover this demand, but it is also expensive and complex to use to its full potential. However, there might exist scenarios where the operation of a <i>real</i> laser scanner could be replaced by a computer simulation, in order to save time and costs. This includes scenarios like teaching and training of laser scanning, development of ne

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Gouvello, Alix de, Laurent Soulier, and Antoine Dupret. "From the radiance reflected by a scene to a digital picture : a compact model based simulator for image sensor design." Electronic Imaging 2020, no. 7 (2020): 329–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.7.iss-329.

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In order to explore the design space of a new, potentially unconventional, sensor or to optimize sensor characteristics for a given computer vision application, an image acquisition process simulator has been designed. Its aim is to be simple and modular, yet complete and accurate enough to match the physical phenomena involved. The approach has been described in this paper to highlight the different steps of the acquisition process and to explain the implementation choices and the hypotheses that were made. The simulator has been tested on images of point sources, on simulated test patterns a

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Holen, Martin, Kristian Muri Knausgård, and Morten Goodwin. "Development of a Simulator for Prototyping Reinforcement Learning-Based Autonomous Cars." Informatics 9, no. 2 (2022): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics9020033.

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Autonomous driving is a research field that has received attention in recent years, with increasing applications of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms. It is impractical to train an autonomous vehicle thoroughly in the physical space, i.e., the so-called ’real world’; therefore, simulators are used in almost all training of autonomous driving algorithms. There are numerous autonomous driving simulators, very few of which are specifically targeted at RL. RL-based cars are challenging due to the variety of reward functions available. There is a lack of simulators addressing many central RL r

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Çetin, Yasemin, Erdal Yılmaz, and Yasemin Yardımcı Çetin. "Evaluation of visual cues of three-dimensional virtual environments for helicopter simulators." Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology 9, no. 4 (2011): 347–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548512911422240.

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Visual cues are an essential part of helicopter flight simulators. The required cues for hover are particularly large, due to closeness to the ground and small movements. However, the research on low-altitude helicopter flight is limited. In this research, the density and height of the three-dimensional (3D) objects in the scene are analysed to find their effect on hovering and low-altitude helicopter flight. An experiment is conducted using a personal computer-based flight simulator on 10 professional military pilots. The results revealed that 3D object density and 3D object height affect bot

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Tapiro, Hagai, Avinoam Borowsky, Tal Oron-Gilad, and Yisrael Parmet. "Where do older pedestrians glance before deciding to cross a simulated two-lane road? A pedestrian simulator paradigm." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (2016): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601003.

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Knowing where to older pedestrians allocate their glances before deciding to cross the road can contribute to understanding the causes that lead them to make bad road crossing decisions. Research on older drivers suggest that they are over involved in crashes that involve navigation through intersections mainly because they focused on their travel path and rarely on other areas in the scene from where a hazard might appear. Yet, it is less known how older pedestrians spread their attention on their expected travel path. Eleven older participants (over 65) and ten younger adults were asked to m

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