Relevant bibliographies by topics / Scherrer formula / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Scherrer formula.

Journal articles on the topic 'Scherrer formula'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 15 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Scherrer formula.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

Sumadiyasa, Made, and I. B. S. Manuaba. "Determining Crystallite Size Using Scherrer Formula, Williamson-Hull Plot, and Particle Size with SEM." BULETIN FISIKA 19, no. 1 (2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/bf.2018.v19.i01.p06.

Full text

Abstract:

It has been determined the crystallite size by XRD technique using Scherrer equation and Williamson-Hull Plot method. While the particle size is determined by SEM using Image-J software. For this purpose, synthesized samples of compound Gd0,95La0.05Ba2Cu3O7-d phase. From the calculation results, obtained the crystallite size in nanometers order, however the crystallite size resulting from the Scherrer equations and Scherrer Modified is different, i.e. 63.1675 nm and 67.0005 nm. The results of the crystallite size calculation by the scherrer equation directly and modified differed from that of the Williamson-Hull Plot method (97,3040 nm). Meanwhile, the results of the Williamson-Hull Plot methods and SEM show almost the same value (98.7297nm).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Rahavi, Soheila, Ahmad Monshi, Rahmatollah Emadi, Ali Doostmohammadi, and Hamed Akbarian. "Determination of Crystallite Size in Synthetic and Natural Hydroxyapatite: A Comparison between XRD and TEM Results." Advanced Materials Research 620 (December 2012): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.620.28.

Full text

Abstract:

The study reported here focuses on the crystallite size of synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) obtained using sol-gel method and natural HAp obtained by processing the natural bone. Human and camel bones were used for obtaining natural HAp. HAp particles were produced, characterized and compared for their crystallite size. The average crystallite size of the samples was derived from the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) data using the Scherrer formula and a new method called modified scherrer equation that was came by developing the Scherrer formula. The results showed the crystallite size of HAp gained from different sources were different. The crystallite size of synthetic, human and camel bone-derived HAp, were approximately 18, 23 and 29 nanometer, respectively. These values were less than those obtained from TEM images. It seems that calculated crystallite size using XRD data and Scherrer equations is less than the real size. This important finding must be taken into consideration in applying Scherrer equations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Jaboyedoff, M., B. Kübler, and Ph Thélin. "An empirical Scherrer equation for weakly swelling mixed-layer minerals, especially illite-smectite." Clay Minerals 34, no. 4 (1999): 601–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985599546479.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe Scherrer equation links the measured width of an X-ray diffraction peak (Scherrer width, SW) to the number of stacked cells (N) in the direction normal to the diffracting planes. The formula is only valid for one d-value occurring in the coherently diffracting domain. This equation can be modified for weakly swelling mixed-layer minerals. This assumes that the peak broadening caused by the mixed-layering is proportional to the amount of swelling component (S) and that the effects of size and mixed-layering are additive.If two SW can be measured on XRD patterns from samples treated in two different ways (such as air dried or glycolated), N and S can be determined. This equation is applicable to illite-smectite mixed-layer minerals with high illitic content. The results are most accurate for N>30. The use of Scherrer's equation is discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Smilgies, Detlef-M. "Scherrer grain-size analysis adapted to grazing-incidence scattering with area detectors." Journal of Applied Crystallography 42, no. 6 (2009): 1030–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889809040126.

Full text

Abstract:

Ever since its formulation, the Scherrer formula has been the workhorse for quantifying finite size effects in X-ray scattering. Various aspects of Scherrer-type grain-size analysis are discussed with regard to the characterization of thin films with grazing-incidence scattering methods utilizing area detectors. After a brief review of the basic features of Scherrer analysis, a description of resolution-limiting factors in grazing-incidence scattering geometry is provided. As an application, the CHESS D1 beamline is characterized for typical scattering modes covering length scales from the molecular scale to the nanoscale.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Hall, B. D., D. Zanchet, and D. Ugarte. "Estimating nanoparticle size from diffraction measurements." Journal of Applied Crystallography 33, no. 6 (2000): 1335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889800010888.

Full text

Abstract:

Nanometre-sized particles are of considerable current interest because of their special size-dependent physical properties. Debye–Scherrer diffraction patterns are often used to characterize samples, as well as to probe the structure of nanoparticles. Unfortunately, the well known `Scherrer formula' is unreliable at estimating particle size, because the assumption of an underlying crystal structure (translational symmetry) is often invalid. A simple approach is presented here which takes the Fourier transform of a Debye–Scherrer diffraction pattern. The method works well on noisy data and when only a narrow range of scattering angles is available.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Zhu, Yan, Xiao Zhang, and Shuai Yuan. "The Preparation of ZrO₂ and the Influence of the Calcination Temperature." Advanced Materials Research 1095 (March 2015): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1095.67.

Full text

Abstract:

nanoZrO2ceramic powders have excellent properties in many field. In order to obtain nanoZrO2powder with excellent properties, the study of preparation methods become a hotspot. The nanoZrO2powders new preparation technology from cheap raw materials is target of this paper. nanoZrO2powers were preparated from ZrOCl2and NaCO3as raw material. The optimum technology parameters were determined as follow, namely at 40°C, C (ZrOCl2) =0.4mol/L, C (NaCO3) =1.0mol/L, 2% the surface activity agent. nanoZrO2powders preparated were characterized by XRD, TEM and Electron Diffraction . The results show that the ZrO2powders prepared are crystal and the sizes are nanometer. The ZrO2average sizes were calculated with the scherrer formula. The nanoZrO2sizes change with temperature was discussed. The result is ageerment with that calculated with the scherrer formula.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Bolotnikova, Anastasiia. "DETERMINATION OF THE SIZES OF PARTICLES OF SUPERCONDUCTING CUPRATE Y3Ba5Cu8OX BY MEANS OF DIFFERENT METHODS." Technology transfer: fundamental principles and innovative technical solutions 4 (November 30, 2020): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2585-6847.2020.001504.

Full text

Abstract:

The superconducting cuprate Y3Ba5Cu8Ox was obtained with the help of sol-gel technology (sample C), co-precipitation of hydroxocarbonates (sample B) and solid-phase synthesis methods (A). Based on the results of scanning electron microscopy and methods based on the analysis of X-ray diffraction data: the Williamson-Hall construction and the Scherrer formula, features of the microstructure of the synthesized samples are established. The smallest particle size has a sample that has been synthesized by the sol-gel method. The tendency to aggregation and sedimentation for this sample is the smallest. The sample obtained by the co-precipitation method has larger grains and a higher tendency to aggregate. The size of the microparticles and the tendency to aggregate for the sample synthesized by the solid-phase method are greatest. The morphology of particles was studied using three methods: SEM, Scherrer and Williamson-Hall formulas and the following results were found: particle size depends on the synthesis method, but a relatively narrow size distribution within one synthesis method remains, the value of crystal lattice microdeformation for samples increases in a line: C sample– A sample– B sample. Thus, the work was carried out for determining the size, structure and morphology of superconducting phases. It expands knowledge in the field of research of superconducting compounds

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Wang, Bing, Li Dan Tang, and Jian Zhong Wang. "Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline ZnO Powders by a Novel Combustion Synthesis Method." Advanced Materials Research 152-153 (October 2010): 674–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.674.

Full text

Abstract:

Nanocrystalline ZnO powders have been synthesized by a novel combustion synthesis method using glycine and urea as mixed fuels and zinc nitrates as oxidant. The as-synthesized ZnO powders are characterized by DSC, XRD and SEM. Results show that the as-synthesized ZnO powders show well crystalline with hexagonal crystal structure and purity without any other impurities and the particle sizes are about 50~70nm calculated by the Scherrer formula.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Choudhary, Pankaj, P. Saxena, A. Yadav, V. N. Rai, and A. Mishra. "Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of CoCr2O4 nanoceramics." Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 09, no. 03 (2019): 1950015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x19500152.

Full text

Abstract:

CoCr2O4 nanoceramics are prepared by sol–gel auto combustion method. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis affirms the single-phase pristine cubic structure with space group [Formula: see text]. Debye–Scherrer method estimates the crystallite size of main intense peak to be [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]nm. Prominent bands obtained in infrared spectra at 448 and 599[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] are due to metal–oxygen stretching bond present at tetrahedral and octahedral sites. Dielectric parameters decrease as frequency increases from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Hz that can be interpreted by Maxwell–Wagner-type interfacial polarization. Complex impedance spectra (Nyquist plot) reveal arc like behavior, which is mainly due to intergrain (grain boundary) resistance that also exhibits conducting nature of the nanoceramics. Weak ferroelectricity is mainly associated with the partial reversal of the polarization. Leakage current behavior follows the Ohmic and Child square law. Electron conduction process was interpreted by space-charge limited current (SCLC) mechanism. Leakage current behavior observed in cobalt chromite nanoceramics is mainly attributed to the oxygen vacancies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Cheng, Xian Zhong, Kuang Cheng, Jin Liu, and Xue Fang Sun. "Synthesis and Characterizations of Nanoparticle Sulfur Using Eggshell Membrane as Template." Materials Science Forum 675-677 (February 2011): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.675-677.279.

Full text

Abstract:

Nanoparticles of sulfur with an average diameter of 5-35 nm were successfully prepared using eggshell membrane (ESM) as template in the the presence of surfactant Tween-80. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The sizes of the nanoparticles sulfur were estimated by Debye-Scherrer formula according to XRD spectrum. Based on the detailed investigation, a possible synthesis mechanism is discussed here.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Khasanov, Rustem. "Perspective on muon-spin rotation/relaxation under hydrostatic pressure." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 19 (2022): 190903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0119840.

Full text

Abstract:

Pressure, together with temperature, electric, and magnetic fields, alters the system and allows for the investigation of the fundamental properties of matter. Under applied pressure, the interatomic distances shrink, which modifies the interactions between atoms and may lead to the appearance of new (sometimes exotic) physical properties, such as pressure-induced phase transitions; quantum critical points; new structural, magnetic, and/or superconducting states; and changes of the temperature evolution and symmetry of the order parameters. Muon-spin rotation/relaxation ([Formula: see text]SR) has proven to be a powerful technique in elucidating the magnetic and superconducting responses of various materials under extreme conditions. At present, [Formula: see text]SR experiments may be performed in high magnetic field up to [Formula: see text] T, temperatures down to [Formula: see text]–15 mK, and hydrostatic pressure up to [Formula: see text] GPa. In this Perspective, the requirements for [Formula: see text]SR experiments under pressure, the existing high-pressure muon facility at the Paul Scherrer Institute (Switzerland), and selected experimental results obtained by [Formula: see text]SR under pressure are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Yang, Ming, Guo Qing Zhou, Jiang Guo Zhao, and Zhan Jun Li. "Synthesis and Characterizations of Nanocubes, Monodispersed Nanocrystals and Nanospheres of Au." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 2163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.2163.

Full text

Abstract:

Nanocubes, monodispersed nanocrystals and nanospheres of Au have been prepared by a simple reaction between HAuCl4·4H2O, NaOH and NH2OH·HCl in the presence of gelatin. The role of gelatin and the affection of pH in producing the nanoparticles of Au were discussed. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. The sizes of the monodispersed nanocrystals of Au were estimated by Debye-Scherrer formula according to XRD spectrum.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Gupta, Ragini, and Akhilesh Kumar Srivastava. "PIPERAZINE MONO- AND BIS- (DITHIOCARBAMATO) COMPLEXES OF OXOVANADIUM (IV): SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND alpha-AMYLASE INHIBITION STUDIES." International Journal of Advanced Research 13, no. 04 (2025): 523–29. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20748.

Full text

Abstract:

Mono and bis (piperazine) dithiocarbamatocomplexes with oxovanadium(IV) have been synthesized. Structures of the complexes were proposed on the basis of elemental analysis, electricalconductance and spectral data (FTIR, UV-Vis., EPR, XRD). The mononuclear complex is non-electrolytic whiledinuclear complex is electrolytic in nature. The particle sizes of the complexes are found to be in 24-32 nm range using Debye-Scherrer formula. Antidiabeticproperties by alpha amylase inhibition activities of the complexes have also been determined.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Astik, Nidhi, Prafulla K. Jha, and Vasant Sathe. "Temperature dependent Raman Spectroscopic Study of the Fe doped La-=SUB=-0.67-=/SUB=-Sr-=SUB=-0.33-=/SUB=-MnO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- Prepared Using Ball Milling Method." Физика твердого тела 61, no. 4 (2019): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2019.04.47423.302.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractPolycrystalline samples of La_0.67Sr_0.33Mn_0.65Fe_0.35O_3 (LSMFO) were synthesized using the standard ball mill method with different calcination temperatures ranging from 800 to 1100°C for 7 h. The phase purity of these samples was confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. All samples were found to have rhombohedral crystal structure with $$R\bar {3}c$$ space group. The lattice parameters, cell volume, bond angle and bond length have been obtained using the Rietveld refinement by FullProf software. The average crystallite size calculated using the Debye-Scherrer formula was found between 27 and 60 nm. Surface morphology of the prepared samples has been examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM images show the formation of well-arranged grain sizes distributed from 240 to 400 nm, much larger than one estimated using the Scherrer formula. All tiny particles are highly agglomerated with the increasing temperature and porosity decreases with increasing temperature. An analysis of the frequency and peak broadening of Raman modes as a function of temperature clearly shows the significant temperature effect on the A _1 g and E _ g modes of LSMFO. The shifts and broadening of the A _1 g and E _ g modes are discussed in light of the oxygen sublattice distortion. Our study shows the reduction in distortion with increasing calcination temperature, which suggests a decrease in the JT effect.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Khorrami, Gh H., M. Mousavi, and M. Dowran. "Structural and optical properties of KNN nanoparticles synthesized by a sol–gel combustion method." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 15 (2017): 1750175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917501755.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, potassium sodium niobate (KNN) nanopowders were successfully obtained by sol–gel combustion method. According to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results, the produced xerogel was calcined at 500[Formula: see text]C, 600[Formula: see text]C, and 700[Formula: see text]C to obtain KNN powders. The structural and optical properties of the prepared powders were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–vis spectroscopy. The XRD patterns indicated formation of orthorhombic KNN samples. The Scherrer formula and size–strain plot (SSP) method were employed to calculate crystallite size and lattice strain of the KNN powders. The TEM image revealed that the average particle size of the prepared samples is about 30 nm and they have cubic shape. The optical band gap energy of the samples was calculated using UV–vis absorbance spectra of the samples along with Tauc relation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Fu, Ming, Ji Zhou, Bo Li, Qun Fang Xiao, Yue Hui Wang, and Long Tu Li. "Optical Properties of Nanocrystalline Ag Doped Silica Inverse Opals." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 555–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.555.

Full text

Abstract:

Nanocrystalline Ag doped silica inverse opals were prepared by a sol-gel chemistry method via templating of polystyrene colloidal crystals. The ordered structures of colloidal crystal templates and inverse opals are characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Ag nanocrystals size is estimated as 20~30nm by Scherrer Formula from X-ray diffraction. The color and the stop band of the inverse opals are characterized by transmission spectrum. And five emission peaks of the nanocrystalline silver clusters are observed from fluorescence spectrum.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Raji, P. "Structural, optical and morphological characterization of Zinc Selenide Nanoparticles synthesized by Solvothermal method." International Scientific Journal of Engineering and Management 03, no. 05 (2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/isjem01915.

Full text

Abstract:

Zinc Selenide nanoparticles were synthesized via solvothermal method using zinc chloride and selenium powder. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Ultraviolet – Visible spectroscopy and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy were used to analyze the sample. XRD confirmed the cubic zinc blende phase and the mean size of the particle was determined using Scherrer formula was 65nm. SEM image revealed the spherical shape of the particles. Photoluminescence spectra with excitation wavelength (325nm) show a weak emission peak at 555nm. Key Words: ZnSe ,SEM, UV – Vis, XRD

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

T.Arokiya, Mary, P.Sakthivel, and Jesudurai* Joe. "SYNTHESIS OF LEAD SELENIDE WITH SURFACTANT (SDS) BY HYDROTHERMAL METHOD." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 4 (2016): 412–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.49721.

Full text

Abstract:

Lead Selenide nano cubes were synthesized by using convenient lead soruce i.e., lead acetatate along with Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a surfactant by a simple hydrothermal technique. The as prepared nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FTIR, I-V studies, and SEM with EDAX to exhibit the phase structure, mode of vibration, conductivity, morphology and the purity of the as prepared PbSe nanoparticles. The crystallite size was calculated using Scherrer’s formula. The variation in current with the applied voltage was studied and SEM analysis indicates the morphological structure to be cubic..

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Bokuniaeva, A. O., and A. S. Vorokh. "Estimation of particle size using the Debye equation and the Scherrer formula for polyphasic TiO2 powder." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1410 (December 2019): 012057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1410/1/012057.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

BOUREGUIG, K. M. E., H. TABET-DERRAZ, and T. SEDDIK. "INSIGHT INTO STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF COBALT OXIDE Co3O4 THIN FILM." Surface Review and Letters 27, no. 04 (2019): 1950134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x19501348.

Full text

Abstract:

In the present paper, experimental investigations on structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of Co3O4 thin film deposited by spray pyrolysis method are reported. Using the interplanar spacing of the XRD reflection and Scherrer formula, respectively, we observed that the obtained films identified crystallize in the cubic spinel structure with [Formula: see text] nm and [Formula: see text] nm. From the SEM picture, a dense grain in the morphology of Co3O4 is detected which has a uniform spherical shape. In addition, transmittance, absorbance, optical bandgap and extinction coefficient of the film versus incident photon energy were calculated. We found that Co3O4 film has a direct bandgap and direct forbidden transition varying from 1.69 eV to 2.85 eV and 1.62 eV to 1.88 eV, respectively. Further, the variation of (DC) electrical resistivity with temperature (from the room temperature of 27∘C to 350∘C) shows that the electrical resistivity was decreased with increasing temperature indicating a semiconducting transport behavior.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Yellapragada, Naga Venkata Sai Ram, Tara Sasanka Cherukuri, Prabakaran Jayaraman, and Sameer Kumar Devarakonda. "Estimation of Lattice Strain in Lanthanum Hexa Aluminate Nanoparticles Using X-Ray Peak Profile Analysis." Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés 31, no. 1 (2021): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/rcma.310102.

Full text

Abstract:

This work confers to the preparation of Lanthanum Hexa Aluminate (LHA) nanoparticles by chemical precipitation and filtration technique followed by characterization studies conducted through X-ray peak profile analysis (XPPA) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) supported by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). From the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, it has been observed that the prepared powder has hexagonal crystal structure. Further, Scherrer Method (S-M), modified Williamson–Hall (W-H), and Size–Strain Plot (SSP) methods have been implemented to all LHA reflection peaks for the comprehensive crystalline analysis. The influence of crystallite size, stress, strain, and energy density values on the peak broadening of LHA nanoparticles has been critically examined and discussed in the current work. In addition to regular mathematical models this paper also provides an insight into the calculation of Youngs modulus without tedious experimental procedure. The predicted crystallite size estimated from Scherrer’s formula, and W-H models are correlated to scanning electron microscopy results and observed that the average grain size of LHA nano particles estimated from SEM analysis, and models have less deviation in the present study.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Khorrami, Gh H., M. Mousavi, S. A. Khayatian, A. Kompany, and A. Khorsand Zak. "Green synthesis and characterization of ANbO3 (A = Na, K) nanopowders fabricated using a biopolymer." International Journal of Modern Physics B 31, no. 27 (2017): 1750194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979217501946.

Full text

Abstract:

Lead-free sodium niobate (NaNbO3, NN) and potassium niobate (KNbO3, KN) nanopowders were successfully synthesized by a simple and green synthesis process in gelatin media. Gelatin, which is a biopolymer, was used as stabilizer. In order to determine the lowest calcination temperature needed to obtain pure NN and KN nanopowders, the produced gels were analyzed by thermogravometric analyzer (TGA). The produced gels were calcined at 500[Formula: see text]C and 600[Formula: see text]C. The structural and optical properties of the prepared powders were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The XRD results revealed that pure phase NN and KN nanopowders were formed at low temperature calcination of 500[Formula: see text]C and 600[Formula: see text]C, respectively. The Scherrer formula and size-strain plot (SSP) method were employed to estimate crystallite size and lattice strain of the samples. The TEM images show that the NN and KN samples calcined at 600[Formula: see text]C have cubic shape with an average particle size of 60.95 and 39.29 nm, respectively. The optical bandgap energy of the samples was calculated using UV–Vis diffused reflectance spectra of the samples and Kubelka–Munck relation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Yi, Hong Liang, Jie Zhang, Ming Tu Ma, Hao Zhang, Bong Ho Lee, and Jeung Soo Huh. "Ultrafine TiO₂ Powders Prepared from Aqueous TiCl₄ Solutions at Room Temperature." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 2135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.2135.

Full text

Abstract:

Ultrafine TiO2 powders as rutile and anatase phase were simply precipitated at room temperature for only tens of hours by simply controlling the pH value and Ti4+ concentration via aqueous TiCl4 solution. Under the optimal pH value and Ti4+ concentration, the average particle size of powders with rutile phase was 3.7nm, while that of powders with anatase phase was 3.0nm. The average particle size was calculated from the broadening of corresponding X-ray spectral peaks by Scherrer formula. In addition, 3.0 mol.l-1 are suggested to be used as concentration of stock solutions instead of the current concentration 2.0 mol.l-1.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Zhang, Xiao Yan, Teng Zhang, Xi Wei Qi, et al. "Preparation and Characterization of LaAlO₃ via Sol-Gel Process." Advanced Materials Research 624 (December 2012): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.624.26.

Full text

Abstract:

Lanthanum aluminate powders were synthesized by sol-gel process with metal nitrates as raw materials, 2-methoxyethanol/water as solvent and citric acid as chelating agent. The influence of this techniques (the amount of citric acid, pH value, calcination temperature and the ratio of 2-methoxyethanol/water) on the lanthanum aluminate powders were studied. The XRD shows pure LaAlO3 powders could be obtained after calcining at 600-900 °C. The SEM analysis indicates that the LaAlO3 particles are uniform and nanosized with a range of about 40-70 nm, which is slightly larger than the estimated particle size using Scherrer formula.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Zhao, Xiqian, Aimin Sun, Wei Zhang, et al. "Studies on structural and magnetic properties of Ni-Mg-Co spinel ferrite nanoparticles sintered at different temperatures." Modern Physics Letters B 34, no. 03 (2020): 2050041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984920500414.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to study the effect of sintering temperature on the structure and magnetic properties of nickel-magnesium-cobalt ferrite, [Formula: see text] spinel ferrite with different sintering temperatures (500[Formula: see text]C, 600[Formula: see text]C, 700[Formula: see text]C, 800[Formula: see text]C, 900[Formula: see text]C and 1000[Formula: see text]C) was prepared by sol–gel method. The magnetic properties of the prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results show that the sintering temperature has a significant effect on the structure and magnetic properties of nickel-magnesium-cobalt ferrite. Analysis of the XRD pattern confirmed that all samples showed a single-phase cubic spinel structure. The particle size of the prepared sample determined by the Scherrer equation was 51 nm to 135 nm. As the sintering temperature increases from 500[Formula: see text]C to 1000[Formula: see text]C, the intensity of all peaks gradually increases, the crystallinity and particle size of the sample increase significantly, but the coercive force decreases, the saturation magnetization, the residual magnetization and the squareness [Formula: see text] increase first and then decrease. Compared with other samples, the 800[Formula: see text]C sintered samples had the highest saturation magnetization (59.03 emu/g), remanent magnetization (30.65 emu/g) and squareness (0.519). The increasing peak height of [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text] indicates that the cubic spinel structure samples have good crystallinity and magnetic stability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Anis-ur-Rehman, M., Mughal Zeb-un-Nisa, Mariam Ansari, and Asghari Maqsood. "Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Particles of Mn-Co Ferrites for Technological Applications." Key Engineering Materials 547 (April 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.547.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Manganese doped cobalt nano ferrites were synthesized by co-precipitation method having general formula Co1-xMnxFe2O4 (x =0.0-1.0). These materials are studied to analyze the structural effects on the associated materials properties. The prepared samples were heat treated at 7500 C for two hours. Sintering effect on the structural properties was investigated. The lattice constants of samples were measured from X-rays diffraction data. The (311) peak was used to find crystallites size by the Scherrer formula. Structural morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Variation with temperature in electrical resistivity (DC) and drift mobility were also investigated. The variations with frequency and composition in AC electrical properties of prepared samples were determined. The structural and electrical properties demonstrated firm association. Saturation magnetization, coercivity and remanence of the samples were discussed with the help of sharing of cations within crystals.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

HASSAN, M., M. GHAZANFAR, N. AROOJ, S. RIAZ, S. SAJJAD HUSSAIN, and S. NASEEM. "STRUCTURAL, SURFACE MORPHOLOGICAL AND MAGNETIC STUDIES OF Zn1−xFexS (x=0.00–0.10) DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS GROWN BY CO-PRECIPITATION METHOD." Surface Review and Letters 25, no. 01 (2018): 1850044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x18500440.

Full text

Abstract:

We have fabricated Zn[Formula: see text]FexS ([Formula: see text], 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.10) diluted magnetic semiconductors using co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction patterns depict that Zn[Formula: see text]FexS appears as a dominant phase with cubic zinc blende structure and nanoscale crystallite size. In addition, a secondary phase of rhombohedral ZnS also appears; however, no additional phase arises that primarily belongs to Fe dopant. Using Debye–Scherrer relation, the crystallite size is found to be in the range of 20–27[Formula: see text]nm, which is in good agreement with the crystallite size calculated using the Williamson–Hall (WH) plot method. The appearance of secondary phase provoked to study the residual strain using Stokes–Wilson equation, which is nearly consistent to that observed using WH plot method. The surface morphology, revealed using scanning electron microscopy, depicts non-uniform surface structure with a variety of grains and void dimensions. Hysteresis loops measured for Zn[Formula: see text]FexS at room temperature (RT) illustrate a paramagnetic behavior at higher fields; however, small ferromagnetic behavior is evident due to the small openings of the measured hysteresis loops around the origin. The measured RT ferromagnetism reveals the potential spintronic device applications of the studied diluted magnetic semiconductors.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More, Vikram, R. B. Borade, Kirti Desai, et al. "Site Occupancy, Surface Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Ce3+ Added Ni–Mn–Zn Ferrite Nanocrystals Synthesized Via Sol–Gel Route." Nano 16, no. 05 (2021): 2150059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292021500594.

Full text

Abstract:

Ferrite nanoparticles of Ni[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]Zn[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text]CexO4 ferrite system were produced using sol–gel auto combustion technique. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the single phase cubic spinel structure of the samples with space group Fd-3m. Replacement of Fe[Formula: see text] ions by Ce[Formula: see text] ions increases the lattice parameter 8.4105 Å to 8.4193. Average crystallite size obtained from Scherrer method varies from 21.73[Formula: see text]nm to 22.71[Formula: see text]nm with replacement of Fe[Formula: see text] ions by Ce[Formula: see text] ions. Williamson–Hall and strain-size plot analysis confirms the nanocrystalline nature of the samples and the micro-strain induced in the cubic crystals is of tensile type. Cation distribution suggests that Zn[Formula: see text] ions occupy tetrahedral — A-site while Ni[Formula: see text] ions occupy octahedral — B-site. Majority of the Mn[Formula: see text] ions prefer A-site and majority of the Ce[Formula: see text] ions replace Fe[Formula: see text] ions at octahedral — B-site. High resolution transmission images confirm the homogeneity and nanoparticle nature of the samples. Two main characteristics absorption bands corresponding to spine structure are observed in the Fourier transmission infra-red spectra within the wavenumber range of 350–600[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]. Stiffness constant, Young’s modulus, rigidity modulus, bulk modulus and Debye temperature were estimated using FTIR data. Debye temperature obtained from the Waldron equation varies from 676[Formula: see text]K to 692[Formula: see text]K with the addition of Ce[Formula: see text] ions. Higher values of elastic moduli are suitable for industrial applications due to increased mechanical strength.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Chidambara Kumar, K. N., S. K. Khadeer Pasha, Kalim Deshmukh, K. Chidambaram, and G. Shakil Muhammad. "Optical Analysis of Iron-Doped Lead Sulfide Thin Films for Opto-Electronic Applications." International Journal of Nanoscience 17, no. 01n02 (2017): 1760004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x17600043.

Full text

Abstract:

Iron-doped lead sulfide thin films were deposited on glass substrates using successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction method (SILAR) at room temperature. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the film shows a well formed crystalline thin film with face-centered cubic structure along the preferential orientation (1 1 1). The lattice constant is determined using Nelson Riley plots. Using X-ray broadening, the crystallite size is determined by Scherrer formula. Morphology of the thin film was studied using a scanning electron microscope. The optical properties of the film were investigated using a UV–vis spectrophotometer. We observed an increase in the optical band gap from 2.45 to 3.03[Formula: see text]eV after doping iron in the lead sulfide thin film. The cutoff wavelength lies in the visible region, and hence the grown thin films can be used for optoelectronic and sensor applications. The results from the photoluminescence study show the emission at 500–720[Formula: see text]nm. The vibrating sample magnetometer measurements confirmed that the lead sulfide thin film becomes weakly ferromagnetic material after doping with iron.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Prică, Virgiliu Călin, Traian Florin Marinca, Florin Popa, and Ionel Chicinaş. "Ni₃Fe Mechanically Alloyed: “Shock Mode” versus “Friction Mode”." Materials Science Forum 672 (January 2011): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.672.153.

Full text

Abstract:

Ni3Fe powder has been obtained by high energy ball milling from elemental powders. We used two extreme conditions for milling: “friction mode” – friction between powder and ball/vial– and “shock mode” – direct impact of ball to powders. The influence of milling mode - friction and shock – was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that the Ni3Fe grain size obtained by “friction mode” after 30 hours of milling was around 10 nm. For “shock mode” milling the average grain sizes was around 17 nm after 20 hours. The grain size was calculated using Williamson-Hall formula for both, “shock mode” and “friction mode” of milled powders and Scherrer formula for annealed powders. The powders were subjected to an annealing (30 min. at 350 °C) in order to eliminate the internal stress accumulated to the milling process and to finish the Ni3Fe phase formation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Nasir, S., M. A. Malik, G. Asghar, G. H. Tariq, M. Akram, and M. Anis-ur-Rehman. "Proficient Ni-Zn-Cr Ferrites: Synthesis and Characterization." Key Engineering Materials 510-511 (May 2012): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.510-511.343.

Full text

Abstract:

Ni-Zn ferrite nanoparticles with Cr doping, having the general formula Ni0.5Zn0.5CrxFe2-xO4(x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) were prepared by simplified sol-gel method and sintered at 750±5°C. The structural and magnetic properties of the samples sintered at 750±5°C were studied. From X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, it was confirmed that the samples have single phase spinel structure. The crystallite size was calculated from the most intense peak (3 1 1) using the Debye Scherrer formula and was found to be in the range of 29-34 nm. The scanning electron microscope images showed that the particle size of the samples were in the range 60-120nm. Quantum design PPMS model 6700 was used to study magnetic properties of these samples. The effect of Cr doping on the magnetic properties was explained on the basis of cations distribution in the crystal structure.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Kurnia, Kurnia, Meidy Kaseside, and Steven Iwamony. "Study Microstructure of Fe3O4 Modification Using PEG 4000 form Iron Sand at Wari Ino Beach As A Biosensor Application." Indo. J Chem. Res. 8, no. 3 (2021): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598//ijcr.2021.8-kur.

Full text

Abstract:

Fe3O4 encapsulated PEG form iron sand at wari ino beach has been successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method. The average particle size of the nanoparticle 11,3 nm was determined by scherrer formula. Fe3O4 modification PEG 4000 was successfully encapsulated the samples by the presence C-O-C and CH bonding that were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that all samples are formed by single phase cubic spinel magnetite , and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) shows the high dispersion capability while encapsulated process using PEG. The results of the characterization show that the Fe3O4 successfully encapsulated by PEG 4000.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Bartůněk, Vilém, David Sedmidubský, Štěpán Huber, Marie Švecová, Pavel Ulbrich, and Ondřej Jankovský. "Synthesis and Properties of Nanosized Stoichiometric Cobalt Ferrite Spinel." Materials 11, no. 7 (2018): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11071241.

Full text

Abstract:

Nanoparticles with controllable sizes of ferrite spinel CoFe2O4 were formed by thermal treatment of cobalt-iron glycerolate. Thermal behavior during the heating was studied by differential thermal analysis combined with thermogravimetry. The precursor, as well as the prepared nanoparticles, were analyzed by a broad spectrum of analytic techniques (X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy). The particle size of nanoparticles was obtained from Transmission electron microscopy and also calculated using Scherrer formula. A vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) in a Physical Property Measurement System was used to analyze the magnetic properties of nanoparticles.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Boulc'h, Florence, Marie-Claude Schouler, Patricia Donnadieu, Jean-Marc Chaix, and Elisabeth Djurado. "DOMAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF Y-TZP NANO-PARTICLES USING XRD AND HRTEM." Image Analysis & Stereology 20, no. 3 (2011): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v20.p157-161.

Full text

Abstract:

Yttria doped nanocrystalline zirconia powder was prepared by spray-pyrolysis technique. Powder crystallized into tetragonal form, as dense and compositionally homogeneous polycrystalline spheres. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) have been used in order to characterize the mean size and the size distribution of crystalline domains. An average size of 6 nm was calculated by Scherrer formula from X-Ray diffraction pattern. The domain size, determined by analysis method developed by Hytch from HRTEM observations, ranges from 5 to 22 nm with a main population around the value 12 nm. Limits and complementary nature of XRD and HRTEM methods are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Koparkar, K. A., N. S. Bajaj, and S. K. Omanwar. "Photoluminescence in a Novel Aldo-Keto Synthesized YPO₄:Eu³⁺ Nanophosphor." Solid State Phenomena 222 (November 2014): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.222.179.

Full text

Abstract:

In this report, Aldo-keto (Aldehydes and Ketones) method, a soft root of synthesis of inorganic materials was employed to prepare YPO4:Eu3+ nanophosphors. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for structural and morphological studies. The complete agreement of XRD with standard ICDD data confirms the formation of required phase. The particle size conformation was done through Debye Scherrer formula. The luminescence studies were carried out by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The PL spectra reveal that the orange emission (5D0→7F1) was more intense than a normal red emission (5D0→7F2). Also the tuning of color purity was done through concentration variation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Kurnia, Kurnia, Meidy Kaseside, and Steven Iwamony. "Study Microstructure of Fe3O4 Modification Using PEG 4000 form Iron Sand at Wari Ino Beach As A Biosensor Application." Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research 8, no. 3 (2021): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/ijcr.2021.8-kur.

Full text

Abstract:

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Burresi, Emiliano, and Leander Tapfer. "Diffraction line profiles of spherical hollow nanocrystals." Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 9 (January 1, 2019): 184798041983238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1847980419832386.

Full text

Abstract:

An analytical expression of diffraction line profiles of spherical hollow nanocrystals (NCs) is derived. The particular features of the profile lines, enhanced peak tail intensity, are analyzed and discussed as a function of the NC size parameters (outer and inner radius, shell thickness). The explicit formula for the integral breadth, the Fourier particle size, and the Scherrer constants are also obtained and discussed in detail. The diffraction line profiles of hollow CdS NCs of zincblende and wurtzite crystallographic structure are calculated and compared with Debye scattering profiles. The diffraction profiles of both approaches exhibit an enhanced peak tail intensity that can be considered as a fingerprint of the hollow NC structure.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Shakya, Ashish, and Anubha Singh Gour. "Structural and luminescence studies of Eu³⁺ doped K₂BaSr(PO₄)₂ phosphor." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2576, no. 1 (2023): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2576/1/012004.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Eu3+ doped K2BaSr(PO4)2 phosphor which gave red emission, was successfully synthesized by using the solid-state reaction method. The X-ray powder diffraction technique determined the crystal structure and the photoluminescence (PL), and thermoluminescence (TL) were also measured. The XRD pattern of prepared K2BaSr(PO4)2 is good matched with the COD CIF File number 00-100-7161. The structure of the phosphor is orthorhombic. The crystallite sizes are evaluated from diffraction peaks using the Scherrer formula. In PL emission, two peaks are found at 592 nm and 614 nm at 395 nm excitation wavelength. The as-developed phosphor can be used in the development of WLEDs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

P.Koteeswari*, T.Kavitha S.Vanitha. "INVESTIGATIONS ON STRUCTURAL, DIELECTRIC AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Cu- DOPED ZnO NANOPARTICLES." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 4 (2018): 50–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1212993.

Full text

Abstract:

The structural, morphological, optical and electrical studies of Cu doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles which were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The PXRD results confirmed that the synthesized material is polycrystalline ZnO and the average crystallite size of the Cu doped ZnO were determined by using the Scherrer’s formula. Various functional groups were analyzed by using the FTIR analysis. Surface morphological and chemical compositions were analyzed using SEM and EDX. The optical properties were carried out using transmission and Photoluminescence spectrum. The dielectric properties of the Cu doped ZnO nanoparticles dielectric constant, dielectric loss, AC conductivity were analyzed in various frequencies and temperatures at specific conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Pan, Xiaoguang, Aimin Sun, Yingqiang Han, Wei Zhang, and Xiqian Zhao. "Effects of different sintering temperature on structural and magnetic properties of Ni–Cu–Co ferrite nanoparticles." Modern Physics Letters B 32, no. 27 (2018): 1850321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984918503219.

Full text

Abstract:

In this work, sol–gel auto-combustion technology is used to synthesize nanocrystalline Ni[Formula: see text]Cu[Formula: see text]Co[Formula: see text]Fe2O4 with high purity metal nitrate and citric acid as precursor solution. The prepared samples are sintered at different temperatures (400[Formula: see text]C, 500[Formula: see text]C, 600[Formula: see text]C, 700[Formula: see text]C, 800[Formula: see text]C, 900[Formula: see text]C, 1000[Formula: see text]C and 1100[Formula: see text]C) for 3.5 h. The structure and magnetic properties of the samples are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The analysis of the XRD patterns confirms that all the samples have a single-phase cubic spinel structure. The particle size of the prepared samples (between 23 nm and 36 nm) is determined by the Scherrer equation. The effect of particle size is through observation of samples sintered at different temperatures. FT-IR spectroscopy shows the characteristic peak is near 588 cm[Formula: see text]. And the measurement also confirms the formation of spinel structure. The magnetic parameters of the samples are measured by VSM at room temperature with a maximum magnetic field of 1 T. Coercivity, remanent magnetization and saturation magnetization change with the changing sintering temperature. It can be clearly observed that the magnetic properties increase significantly with the temperature increasing from 600[Formula: see text]C to 700[Formula: see text]C. The dM/dH versus H curves are obtained by differentiating the hysteresis loop. The increasing peak height of dM/dH at [Formula: see text], indicates a magnetically stable state for the samples with good crystalline cubic spinel structure.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Touthang, Jangkhohao, and Mamata Maisnam. "Structural and electrical studies of sol–gel synthesized nanocrystalline hexagonal yttrium iron manganite ceramics." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 07 (2017): 1750066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798491750066x.

Full text

Abstract:

Hexagonal yttrium manganites, YMnO3, are interesting materials for their multiferroic behavior. Substituting suitable cations either at the Y-site or Mn-site offers great opportunities to produce a variety of manganites and tune their properties. Nanocrystalline yttrium iron manganites with the compositional formula Y[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text]MnO3, [Formula: see text] = 0.0, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25, were synthesized by sol–gel autocombustion method. The prepared samples were heated at 1100[Formula: see text]C for 1 h. Another set of samples with compositional formula YFe[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]O3, [Formula: see text] = 0.0, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25, were also synthesized by the same method and heated at 1100[Formula: see text]C for 1 h. Various characterizations were done on these manganite systems synthesized by substituting iron at different sites. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique studied the structure of the samples and analysis of XRD patterns confirmed the formation of hexagonal phase in the samples. Structural parameters such as lattice constants, crystallite size, theoretical density, etc. were determined using the XRD data. The unit cell dimensions have been found to agree with the standard data and the Debye–Scherrer crystallite size obtained from XRD data ranges from 42 nm to 77 nm. The room temperature frequency variations of electrical properties such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss and AC conductivity were measured in the range of 100 Hz–2 MHz and the variations showed a dispersive behavior for all the samples. The various measurements and the results obtained were studied and discussed in the paper.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Anis-ur-Rehman, M., Muhammad Ali Malik, Kishwar Khan, and Ashari Maqsood. "Structural, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline Mg-Co Ferrites Prepared by Co-Precipitation." Journal of Nano Research 14 (April 2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.14.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Mg-Co nano crystalline ferrites having general formula Mg1-xCoxFe2O4 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25) were prepared by co-precipitation method. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns of the prepared samples show the formation single spinel phase. The crystallite size, lattice parameters and porosity of samples were calculated by XRD data analysis as function of cobalt concentration. The crystallite size for each sample was calculated using the Scherrer formula considering the most intense (3 1 1) peak lies in the range 27-35 nm. The lattice parameters increased with increase of cobalt concentration. It is because of the fact that cobalt has greater ionic radius then magnesium. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss tangent and ac electrical conductivity of the prepared samples is also measure. The observed variation in electrical and dielectric properties is explained on the basis of cations distribution among tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites. The variance in saturation magnetization, remanence magnetization and magnetic moment was also measured from BH curve of samples.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Anis-ur-Rehman, M., M. A. Malik, S. Nasir, M. Mubeen, K. Khan, and Asghari Maqsood. "Structural, Electrical and Dielectric Properties of Nanocrystalline Mg-Zn Ferrites." Key Engineering Materials 510-511 (May 2012): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.510-511.51.

Full text

Abstract:

The nanocrystalline Mg-Zn ferrites having general formula Mg1-xZnxFe2O4(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0. 5) were prepared by WOWS sol-gel route. All prepared samples were sintered at 700°C for 2 h. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) technique was used to investigate structural properties of the samples. The crystal structure was found to be spinel. The crystallite size, lattice parameters and porosity of samples were calculated by XRD data analysis as function of zinc concentration. The crystallite size for each sample was calculated using the Scherrer formula considering the most intense (3 1 1) peak and the range obtained was 34-68 nm. The dielectric constant (ε), dielectric loss tangent () and AC electrical conductivity of nanocrystalline Mg-Zn ferrites are investigated as a function of frequency. The dielectric constant (ε), dielectric loss tangent () increased with increase of Zn concentration. All the electrical properties are explained in accordance with MaxwellWagner model and Koops phenomenological theory.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Kerim, Emre ÖKSÜZ. "Properties of Nano Hydroxyapatite Powder Derived from Human Teeth." Chemistry Research Journal 3, no. 6 (2018): 76–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13760299.

Full text

Abstract:

Tooth enamel, the hardest tissue in the human body, is composed mainly of calcium phosphate mineral crystals which has a chemical formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 (HA, hydroxyapatite). Understanding the various properties of human teeth and dental materials is the basis for the development of restorative materials. The production of nano hydroxyapatite powder derived from human teeth was studied in this paper.  The nano hydroxyapatite powder (≈ 52 nm) was produced by calcination without compaction. The dried and calcined powder were characterized for phase composition using X-ray diffractrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques. The average crystallite size of HA powder was calculated by Debye Scherrer’s formula. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and Transmission electron microscopy studies were performed for further investigation of particle size and powder morphology.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dao, Nguyet Thi Thuy, Duong Phuc Nguyen, and Hien Duc Than. "PREPARATION AND STUDY OF FERRITE GARNET R3Fe5O12 (R=Y, Gd, Dy) NANOPARTICLES." Science and Technology Development Journal 15, no. 2 (2012): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v15i2.1798.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents the synthesis and characterization of Y3Fe5O12, Gd3Fe5O12 and Dy3Fe5O12 nanoparticles by sol-gel method using initial salts solution of Y(NO3)3, Gd(NO3)3, Dy(NO3)3, Fe(NO3). The lattice constant, crystallite size and particle morphology of these ferrite garnet nanoparticles were studied by using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the garnet samples prepared by this method were formed at 800oC, which is lower than the sintering temperature for ceramic bulk samples (1400oC). The particle size is in the range 25- 40 nm as observed via TEM image and the average particle size was found to be 37nm using Debye- Scherrer formula.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Gwoździk, Monika. "Analysis of crystallite size changes in a hematite and magnetite formed on steel used in the power idustry." Technical Sciences 1, no. 21 (2017): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/ts.2717.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper presents results of studies on the crystallite sizes of oxide layer formed during a long-term operation on 10CrMo9-10 steel at an elevated temperature (T = 545° C, t = 200,000 h). This value was determined by a method based on analysis of the diffraction line profile, according to a Scherrer formula. The oxide layer was studied on a surface and a cross-section at the outer and inner site on the pipe outlet, at the fire and counter-fire wall of the tube. X-ray studies were carried out on the surface of a tube, then the layer’s surface was polished and the diffraction measurements repeated to reveal differences in the originated oxides layer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Choudhary, Tripta, Vikas Beniwal, Pooja Nehra, and Deepak Singhwal. "Photocatalytic Treatment of MB Dye Using ZnO Nanoparticles." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (2022): 16213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.16213ecst.

Full text

Abstract:

The present study revealed the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles by wet chemical co-precipitation process and were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and photocatalysis for Methylene Blue (MB) dye degradation. The crystallite size of the ZnO nanoparticles calculated from XRD using Debye Scherrer Formula is 36.27 nm. The size variation of the ZnO nanoparticles is due to the difference in annealing temperature and precursors. The FTIR spectra confirms the formation of ZnO nanoparticle. From UV-Vis spectra of ZnO nanoparticles, the absorption peak is at 380 nm and decreases with time which shows the dye degradation. MB dye degradation efficiency by ZnO nanoparticle is 91.78% in 21 minutes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abdullaev, A. M., R. M. Abdullaev, M. A. V. Abdullaev, D. K. S. Bataev, P. D. Bataeva, and R. S. Dzhambulatov. "High-Strength Cement Composites Modified with a Complex Additive Hyper Plasticizer - Bentonite." Key Engineering Materials 909 (February 4, 2022): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-6w8fa4.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper presents the results of research on creating a high-strength cement composite using a complex additive. The optimal concentrations of additives of the Odolit-K hyper plasticizer in combination with bentonite have been determined. A significant decrease in the w / c ratio and an increase in the cement stone's strength was obtained. High-strength cement composites have been obtained with the optimal content of the complex additive. The volume-weighted average crystallite sizes were calculated using the Scherrer formula on the basis of X-ray studies. Deformation diagrams of statically loaded samples of prisms of the basic and control compositions of high-strength concrete were obtained. Deformation diagrams are investigated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Nurrohman, Devi Taufiq, and Joko Setia Pribadi. "KAJIAN STRUKTUR KRISTAL, LATTICE STRAIN, DAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA NANOPARTIKEL PASIR BESI YANG DISINTESIS DENGAN METODE BALL MILLING." KONSTAN - JURNAL FISIKA DAN PENDIDIKAN FISIKA 3, no. 2 (2018): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/konstan.v3i2.17.

Full text

Abstract:

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis nanopartikel magnetik pasir besi menggunakan metode ball milling dan mempelajari karakteristiknya. Pasir besi yang digunakan sebagai sampel penelitian berasal dari Pantai Cemara Sewu, Cilacap. Proses sintesis nanopartikel diawali dengan mengukur kecepatan wadah mesin ball milling supaya tidak melebihi kecepatan kritisnya. Selanjutnya sampel dimilling selama 0 jam, 2 jam, 4 jam, dan 6 jam dan kemudian struktur kristal dan lattice strain dari nanopartikel dipelajari masing – masing dengan menggunakan formula Scherrer dan analisis Hall – Williamson dari data karakterisasi XRD sedangkan komposisi kimia dari sampel ditentukan dari hasil karakterisasi XRF. Seluruh data analisis yang diperoleh dari setiap sampel kemudian dielaborasikan dan didiskusikan secara detail dalam paper ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu milling terhadap karakteristik nanopartikel yang dihasilkan.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Faraj, Mohammad Ghaffar. "Effect of Aqueous Solution Molarity on the Structural and Electrical Properties of Spray Pyrolysed Lead Sulfide (PbS) Thin Films." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 57 (August 2015): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.57.122.

Full text

Abstract:

Lead sulfide (PbS) thin films of different molarities (0.05 M, 0.075 M and 0.1 M) were prepared on glass substrates at 325 °C by chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) technique. X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the proper phase formation of the PbS. The X-ray diffraction patterns’ results reveal that the all of PbS films have a face centered cubic structure with preferential reflection of (200) plane. The crystallite grain size was calculated using Scherrer formula and it is found that the 0.1M has maximum crystallite grain size (37.4 nm). Depending on the molarity, Hall measurement showed that the electrical resistivity and mobility at room temperature varied in the range 6.3x103Ω.cm to 2.1x103Ω.cm and 4.79cm2/V.S to 24.3 cm2/V.S.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!