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Journal articles on the topic 'Schistosoma intercalatum'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

MORAND, S., V. R. SOUTHGATE, and J. JOURDANE. "A model to explain the replacement of Schistosoma intercalatum by Schistosoma haematobium and the hybrid S. intercalatum×S. haematobium in areas of sympatry." Parasitology 124, no. 4 (April 2002): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182001001342.

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Numerous hypotheses have been postulated to explain the rapidly changing parasitological situation in Loum, Cameroon as a result of the interaction between Schistosoma haematobium and S. intercalatum. The aim of this study is to test the various hypotheses using a simple mathematical model, incorporating equal and unequal sex ratios of adult schistosomes, recombinations, and levels of compatibility with the intermediate molluscan hosts, B. forskalii and B. truncatus. The model assuming an equal sex ratio does not fit with the existing field data in that it predicts a continued presence of S. intercalatum, S. haematobium and the hybrids. The model assuming a sex bias in favour of males, which reflects the situation usually observed in schistosome populations, predicts the loss S. intercalatum which indeed concurs with the most recent data.

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2

Fernández-Soto, Pedro, Catalina Avendaño, Anna Sala-Vizcaíno, Beatriz Crego-Vicente, Begoña Febrer-Sendra, Juan García-Bernalt Diego, Ana Oleaga, et al. "Molecular Markers for Detecting Schistosoma Species by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification." Disease Markers 2020 (July 24, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8042705.

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Schistosomiasis is considered a neglected parasitic disease. Around 280,000 people die from it annually, and more than 779 million people are at risk of getting infected. The schistosome species which infect human beings are Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma intercalatum, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma guineensis, and Schistosoma mekongi. This disease is also of veterinary significance; the most important species being Schistosoma bovis since it causes the disease in around 160 million livestock in Africa and Asia. This work was aimed at designing and developing a genus-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for detecting the most important schistosome species affecting humans and for the species-specific detection of S. bovis. Bioinformatics tools were used for primer design, and the LAMP method was standardised for detecting the ITS-1 region from S. intercalatum, S. haematobium, S. mansoni, S. japonicum, and S. bovis DNA (generic test) and the NADH 1 gene for specifically detecting S. bovis (at different DNA concentrations). Detection limits achieved were 1 pg DNA for S. mansoni, 0.1 pg for S. haematobium, 1 pg for S. intercalatum, and 10 pg for S. bovis. No amplification for S. japonicum DNA was obtained. The LAMP designed for the amplification of S. bovis NADH-1 worked specifically for this species, and no other DNA from other schistosome species included in the study was amplified. Two highly sensitive LAMP methods for detecting different Schistosoma species important for human and veterinary health were standardised. These methods could be very useful for the diagnosis and surveillance of schistosome infections.

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WEBSTER, B. L., and V. R. SOUTHGATE. "Mating interactions of Schistosoma haematobium and S. intercalatum with their hybrid offspring." Parasitology 126, no. 4 (April 2003): 327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182002002883.

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Experiments were designed to study the mating behaviour between the Schistosoma haematobium [male ]×S. intercalatum [female] hybrid and the 2 parental species S. haematobium and S. intercalatum. Individual worms were identified by electrophoretic analysis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, which was characteristic for each isolate. Analysis of the data obtained showed that both heterospecific and homospecific pairs formed between the hybrids and S. haematobium and S. intercalatum. S. haematobium and the hybrid are better than S. intercalatum in forming pairs, and S. haematobium showed a greater homospecific mate preference compared with the hybrid. Analysis of the data using the Mantel-Haenszel test suggests that mating competition does exist between the schistosomes, with the hybrid being dominant over both the parental species and S. haematobium being dominant over S. intercalatum. The hybrid males showed a greater ability than S. intercalatum and S. haematobium males in taking away S. haematobium and S. intercalatum females from their homospecific males when introduced into a pre-established S. haematobium or S. intercalatum infection. They were able to take females from S. intercalatum homospecific pairs more easily compared with females from S. haematobium homospecific pairs. The significance of the results is discussed in relation to the epidemiological changes of schistosomiasis in Cameroon, where hybridization between S. haematobium and S. intercalatum has taken place, with S. haematobium and the hybrid managing to replace the endemic S. intercalatum over the last 30 years.

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PICA-MATTOCCIA, L., R. MORONI, L. A. TCHUEM TCHUENTÉ, V. R. SOUTHGATE, and D. CIOLI. "Changes of mate occur in Schistosoma mansoni." Parasitology 120, no. 5 (May 2000): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099005685.

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Male and female schistosomes are generally assumed to form stable monogamous pairs for the whole span of their long existence in the mammalian host. Recent evidence from mixed infections has shown that Schistosoma mansoni males can displace S. intercalatum males from their homologous partners, but no information exists about the existence of similar phenomena within a single schistosome species. Here, we determine whether male S. mansoni can displace males of the same species from pre-formed pairs in vivo. The availability of clear-cut genetic markers of drug resistance in schistosomes was exploited to show that hycanthone sensitive S. mansoni males can displace homospecific hycanthone resistant males from pre-formed pairs and vice versa. The frequency of changes is dependent on the magnitude of the excess single males competing with paired worms. The possible mechanics and the biological significance of mate changing are discussed.

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WEBSTER, B. L., and V. R. SOUTHGATE. "Compatibility of Schistosoma haematobium, S. intercalatum and their hybrids with Bulinus truncatus and B. forskalii." Parasitology 127, no. 3 (September 2003): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182003003597.

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Schistosoma haematobium and S. intercalatum readily hybridize with each other producing generations of viable hybrid offspring. Experiments were designed to investigate the infectivity and viability of the S. haematobium×S. intercalatum F1 and F2 hybrid larvae in their two intermediate snail hosts compared with the parental species. Analysis of the data obtained suggested that the S. haematobium [male ]×S. intercalatum [female] F1 hybrid miracidia were more infective to Bulinus truncatus than to B. forskalii, and also more infective to B. truncatus compared with the parental S. haematobium miracidia. This hybrid was also observed to have a greater cercarial productivity from both intermediate hosts and these cercariae were shown to be more infectious and to have a longer longevity compared with the cercariae of S. haematobium, S. intercalatum and the S. haematobium [female]×S. intercalatum [male ] F1 hybrid cercariae. The S. haematobium [female]×S. intercalatum [male ] F1 hybrid was shown not to be very successful in all stages of the investigations. The results indicate that the S. haematobium [male ]×S. intercalatum [female] F1 hybrid may have many reproductive advantages over the reciprocal hybrid and the parental schistosome species. The significance of the results is discussed in relation to the epidemiological consequences occurring in Loum, Cameroon, and other areas where S. haematobium and S. intercalatum are sympatric and able to hybridize.

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Rusjdi, Selfi Renita. "SCHISTOSOMIASIS, Hubungan Respon Imun dan Perubahan Patologi." Majalah Kedokteran Andalas 35, no. 2 (August 29, 2011): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22338/mka.v35.i2.p81-90.2011.

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AbstrakSchistosomiasis merupakan suatu penyakit tropik yang disebabkan oleh cacing genus Schistosoma. Spesies yang dapat menginfeksi manusia antara lain Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma mekongi, Schistosoma haematobium dan Schistosoma intercalatum. Penyakit ini telah menyerang 200 juta orang penduduk di negara berkembang. Penularan pada manusia terjadi dengan cara serkaria menembus kulit sewaktu kontak dengan air yang mengandung serkaria.Respon imun pada penderita schistosomiasis terhadap antigen cacing dan telurnya mempengaruhi perjalanan penyakit dan klinis yang ditimbulkan. Status imunitas menentukan perubahan patologi yang akan terjadi seperti pembentukan granuloma, gangguan terhadap organ atau bahkan melindungi penderita terhadap kejadian infeksi berat. Pada keadaan tertentu cacing schistosoma dapat bertahan selama bertahun – tahun meskipun hospes mempunyai respon imun yang kuat.Gejala schistosomiasis akut dapat berupa demam, malaise, mialgia, batuk, sakit kepala dan nyeri abdomen yang dikenal dengan sindroma Katayama. Gejala akut ini sering muncul pada orang yang mengalami infeksi pertama kali. Pada keadaan kronik, schistosomiasis dapat menimbulkan kerusakan organ berupa fibrosis, striktur dan kalsifikasi.Kata Kunci : schistosimiasis, sindroma Katayama, fibrosis, granulomaAbstractSchistosomiasis is a tropical disease which is caused by helminth of genus schistosoma.Species of schistosoma which can infect human are Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma mekongi, Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma intercalatum. Schistosoma has infected 200 million people in developing countries. It is transmitted to human when the free living cercariae penetrate the skin in contaminated water.Immune response to somatic and egg antigen determine natural history of disease and clinical symptom. Immunity is responsible for pathological changes which formed granuloma, organ disfunction and even able to protect the body from heavy infection. In certain case, schistosomiasis can persist for years in host with strong immunity.TINJAUAN PUSTAKA82Symptoms of acute schistosomiasis also called Katayama syndrome are fever, malaise, myalgia, cough, headache and abdominal pain. The acute symptome frequently occur in first schistosomal infection. In chronic case, it can cause organ damage such fibrosis, stricture and calsification.Key word: schistosimiasis, sindroma Katayama, fibrosis, granuloma

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Tchuenté, L. A. Tchuem, V. R. Southgate, D. Imbert-Establet, and J. Jourdane. "Change of mate and mating competition between males of Schistosoma intercalation and S. mansoni." Parasitology 110, no. 1 (January 1995): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000081038.

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Previous studies on mating behaviour of Schistosoma intercalatum and S. mansoni, two human schistosomes which may overlap in parts of Africa, have shown that in mixed infections in mice there are no physiological barriers preventing heterospecific pairings. However, when choice is possible, matings occur preferentially between partners of the same species. In this paper, further experimental studies on mating behaviour of the two species were conducted. Sequential infections showed that heterospecific pairs of worms change partners to homospecific pairs when given the opportunity. The change of mate is a progressive process requiring up to, at least 8 weeks, and this phenomenon is due to the male worm seeking the appropriate female. S. mansoni males are better at pairing with females than S. intercalcatum males, and they will change partner to pair with homologous females in preference to heterologous females whenever given the opportunity. Moreover, in the absence of S. mansoni female worms, unpaired S. mansoni male worms pull away female S. intercalatum from male S. intercalatum. It appears from this study that S. mansoni males are much more competitive than S. intercalatum males at pairing with females, and this is a disadvantage for S. intercalatum in situations of sympatry.

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Otuneme, O. Gladys, FO Akinkuade, O. Oluwasola Obebe, OS Usiobeigbe, TG Faloye, AS Olasebikan, WA Akinleye, and OD Koku. "A study on the prevalence of Schistosoma Haematobium and Schistosoma Intercalatum in a rural community of Ogun State, Nigeria." South East Asia Journal of Public Health 4, no. 1 (February 2, 2015): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v4i1.21845.

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Urinary Schistosomiasis is endemic in Nigeria and continues to pose public health challenges especially in inhabitants of rural areas. This study was conducted in an attempt to determine the co-infection of Schistosoma haematobium and S. intercalatum in Apojola Community area of Abeokuta North LGA of Ogun State, Nigeria. Urine samples were analyzed in the Laboratory using sedimentation/centrifugation technique to determine schistosoma eggs. Positive urine samples were further confirmed using Ziehl-Neelsen (zn) staining method for differentiating S. haematobium from S. intercalatum eggs. The results indicate that 79 (52.7%) of the urine samples collected were positive for schistosoma eggs. Among the positive urine samples, 62% had S.haematobium while 38% had S. intercalatum eggs. Infections were found to be high in males 39 (55.7%) than female 40 (50%). Villagers who were <13 years of age had the highest prevalence rate of infection. Co-infection of S. haematobium and S. intercalatum among the villagers was established in the study and was observed to be highest in the age group <13years, compared to other age group. The study confirmed the endemicity and the co-infection of S. haematobium and S. intercalatum in the study area. It is therefore recommended that water control, sanitation and snails elimination as well as community-based programs are urgently needed to reduce S. haematobium and S. intercalatum infection.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v4i1.21845 South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.4(1) 2014: 67-71

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9

Almeda, J., C. Ascaso, G. A. Marçal, M. Corachan, V. R. Southgate, and D. Rollinson. "Morphometric variability of Schistosoma intercalatum eggs: a diagnostic dilemma." Journal of Helminthology 70, no. 2 (June 1996): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00015224.

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AbstractVariability of Schistosoma intercalatum eggs in shape and size, and their similarity to those of S. haematobium presented a problem of species identification when egg morphology was the diagnostic criterion used in a study of human schistosomiasis conducted on São Tomé and Principe. More than 2500 egg measurements were obtained by light micoscopy to gather data relating to size variability of S. intercalatum eggs, to evaluate whether factors such as age of host, sex of host and intensity of infection are correlated with variability, and the data were compared with previously published measurements on different isolates and strains of S. intercalatum: the range in length (104–203 μm) embraces most of the measurements reported in other studies of S. intercalatum eggs. There was no correlation either between age and sex of the host, or intensity of infection with variability of egg size. Comparison between measurements of the eggs of S. haematobium, S. intercalatum and S. bovis eggs are presented.

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Odoya, E. M., E. U. Edosomwa, O. I. Iribhogbe, A. A. Damina, and O. A. Asojo. "Intestinal schistosomiasis in an apparently healthy rural population in Bayelsa State, Nigeria." African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 22, no. 2 (April 8, 2021): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v22i2.11.

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Background: Schistosomiasis is endemic in Nigeria and three species; Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma mansoni, and Schistosoma intercalatum have been reported in Niger Delta, Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis in rural communities of Bayelsa State, Nigeria.Methodology: Four rural homogeneous communities; Otuegala, Immiringi, Otuesega, and Ibelebiri in Ogbia Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria, were randomly selected for the study. A structured questionnaire was administered to each participant in their native language and used to collect participant’s biodata and swimming history. Stool samples collected from all participants were examined qualitatively by wet preparation and after formolethol concentration. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software and results presented in proportion and tables.Results: A total of 829 participants (age range 1 - 80 years) were recruited for the study. Helminth ova were identified in the stool samples of 218 (26.3%) participants. Among 380 males examined, 82 (21.6%) were infected, while out of 449 females examined, 138 (30.3%) were infected. The ova of seven helminths identified and their frequency of occurrence were; S. intercalatum 86 (10.4%), Ascaris lumbricoides 53 (6.4%), S. mansoni 35 (4.2%), Trichuris trichiura 22 (2.6%), hookworm 20 (2.4%) and Taenia spp 2 (0.2%). Schistosoma haematobium was identified in non-urine contaminated stool sample of an eight-year old boy. A total of 11 (1.3%) participants had double infections, affecting 7 (63.6%) females and 4 (36.4%) males, with the commonest combination being S. intercalatum and A.lumbricoides 6 (0.7%), followed by S. intercalatum and hookworm 4 (0.5%), and S. mansoni and hookworm 1(0.1%).Conclusion: S. intercalatum was the most prevalent intestinal helminthic infection in this study, which is a rare finding in most epidemiological investigations. The affinity of Schistosoma species to establish double infections with hookworm and other intestinal helminths should be taken into account during chemoprophylaxis. Keywords: Schistosomiasis, Chemoprophylaxis, Prevalence, Rural Population

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Rodríguez-Guardado, Azucena, Rosa Miquel, Francisco Pérez, Manuel Fresno, and Manuel Corachán. "Colonic polyposis due to Schistosoma intercalatum." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 104, no. 6 (June 2010): 443–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.02.009.

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Tchuenté, L. A. Tchuem, D. Imbert-Establet, V. R. Southgate, and J. Jourdane. "Interspecific stimulation of parthenogenesis in Schistosoma intercalatum and S. mansoni." Journal of Helminthology 68, no. 2 (June 1994): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00013717.

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AbstractExperimental studies of mating behaviour of Schistosoma intercalatum and Schistosoma mansoni in mixed infections in mice showed that in simultaneous infections, without the possibility of choice of mate, heterologous pairing occurs readily. The paired females reach sexual maturity, are inseminated and lay parthenogenetic eggs. Miracidia originating from the S. mansoni male × S. intercalatum female are non infective to either Biomphalaria glabrata or Bulinus forskalii, whereas those from the reverse cross show a very low infectivity to only B. glabrata. The resulting haploid male cercariae also show a very low infectivity to mice (1.1%) and consequently only a very small number of adult worms develop. It appears from this study, on chromosomal and electrophoretic evidence, that generative (haploid) parthenogenesis occurs in S. mansoni females paired with S. intercalatum males.

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Tzanetou, Konstantina, Myrto Astriti, Vassilios Delis, George Moustakas, Theodosia Choreftaki, Eugenia Papaliodi, Katerina Sarri, and George Adamis. "Intestinal schistosomiasis caused by both Schistosoma intercalatum and Schistosoma mansoni." Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 8, no. 3 (May 2010): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2010.04.003.

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PAGÈS, J. R., V. R. SOUTHGATE, L. A. TCHUEM TCHUENTÉ, and J. JOURDANE. "Experimental evidence of hybrid breakdown between the two geographical strains of Schistosoma intercalatum." Parasitology 124, no. 2 (February 2002): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182001001068.

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Reciprocal crosses (Schistosoma intercalatum male Zaire×S. intercalatum female Cameroon: S. intercalatum female Zaire×S. intercalatum male Cameroon) were produced in 10 mice by exposing each mouse to 60 male cercariae of one isolate and 60 female cercariae of the other isolate, and vice versa. Hybrid generations originating from the two crosses were established. The infectivity of the F1, F2, F3 and F4 hybrid generations were evaluated after exposing snails individually to 5 miracidia. A comparative histological study of snails infected with F2 and F4 hybrid sporocysts from both crosses was made to assess abnormalities in the intramolluscan development of the hybrids. The worm recovery rate and fecundity were measured by comparing the fitness of the mid-parents with that of the hybrids. S. intercalatum Cameroon was compatible with Bulinus forskalii and incompatible with B. globosus whereas S. intercalatum Zaire was compatible with B. globosus and incompatible with B. forskalii. In the case of S. intercalatum male Cameroon×S. intercalatum female Zaire, hybrid miracidia develops in both B. forskalii and B. globosus in F1, F2 and F3 generations. The infection rate was much lower for B. globosus and F2 and F3 generations produced few cercariae (less than 30 cercariae in overall per snail) and F4 miracidia were only infective to B. forskalii again producing few cercariae. At 40 days post-infection the sporocyst contains masses of acidophilic granules originating from the breakup of pycnotic nuclei. Similarly the F1, F2 and F3 miracidia of the reciprocal cross (S. intercalatum male Zaire×S. intercalatum female Cameroon) exhibited a dual infectivity for B. forskalii and B. globosus, but cercarial productivity was low (less than 30 cercariae overall per snail for F2 and F3 generations). Histological studies demonstrated sporocyst degeneration in snails infected with F4 generation. In the definitive host, the F1 generation (both crosses) exhibited hybrid vigour in that the worm return was greater than that of the mid-parent, F2 and F3 generations. No significant difference in fecundity was demonstrated between the parental strains and the F1 and F2 generations, yet egg production of the F3 generation was significantly lower. It is apparent that there is a post-zygotic barrier in the crosses of S. intercalatum Zaire and S. intercalatum Cameroon from the F2 generations onwards, and sterility of the F4 hybrid sporocyst supports the concept of the existence of 2 distinct taxa.

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Tchuem Tchuenté, Louis-Albert, Vaughan R. Southgate, Joseph Jourdane, Bonnie L. Webster, and Jozef Vercruysse. "Schistosoma intercalatum: an endangered species in Cameroon?" Trends in Parasitology 19, no. 9 (September 2003): 389–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-4922(03)00193-4.

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Webster, B. L., V. R. Southgate, and L. A. Tchuem Tchuenté. "Isoenzyme analysis of Schistosoma haematobium, S. intercalatum and their hybrids and occurrences of natural hybridization in Cameroon." Journal of Helminthology 77, no. 3 (September 2003): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2003166.

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AbstractIsoelectric focusing of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) produced clearly identifiable profiles for S. haematobium and S. intercalatum and their hybrids. To provide a more detailed analysis of the interactions of S. haematobium and S. intercalatum in South West Cameroon over the last 12 years, G6PD analyses were carried out on individual schistosomes collected in Kumba in 1990, Loum in 1990, 1999 and 2000 and Barombi Mbo and Barombi Kotto in 1999. Studies were also carried out on the two parental species S. haematobium Barombi Mbo, S. intercalatum Edea and subsequent generations of hybrids resulting from laboratory crosses of the two parental species. The isoenzyme analysis demonstrated that the 1990 isolate from Kumba, was a recombinant of S. intercalatumxS. haematobium, and that 30% of individual schistosomes collected in 1990 in Loum were also recombinants. The remainder gave data indicative of S. haematobium. In 1999, 12.5% of individuals from Loum showed recombination and 10% in 2000. Results from the most recent parasitological survey in October 2000 showed the persistence of the recombinant population in addition to that of S. haematobium. There was also evidence of recombination having taken place in Barombi Kotto but not Barombi Mbo. This study demonstrates how the situation has changed over the last 12 years, and emphasizes the importance of assessing morphological, biological and molecular data together to gain a true picture of the rapidly evolving situation.

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Corachan, M., F. Mondelo, R. Mas, A. Palacin, M. Pujol, and R. Romero. "Autochthonous Case of Schistosoma intercalatum from Equatorial Guinea." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 36, no. 2 (March 1, 1987): 343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1987.36.343.

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Cesari, Italo M., Diana E. Ballen, L. Mendoza, Alain Ferrer, Jean-Pierre Pointier, Maryvonne Kombila, Dominique Richard-Lenoble, and Andre Théron. "Immunoblot analysis of membrane antigens of Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma intercalatum, and Schistosoma haematobium against Schistosoma-infected patient sera." Parasitology Research 106, no. 5 (March 24, 2010): 1225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-010-1798-x.

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Kane, Richard A., and David Rollinson. "Repetitive sequences in the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer of Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma intercalatum and Schistosoma mattheei." Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 63, no. 1 (January 1994): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-6851(94)90018-3.

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Gendrel, D., M. Kombila, G. Beaudoin-Leblevec, and D. Richard-Lenoble. "Nontyphoidal Salmonellal Septicemia in Gabonese Children Infected with Schistosoma intercalatum." Clinical Infectious Diseases 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinids/18.1.103.

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Klotz, F. "Diagnostic et expression clinique de la bilharziose à Schistosoma intercalatum." Acta Endoscopica 18, no. 5 (September 1988): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02985435.

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Cesari, I. M., D. E. Ballén, L. Mendoza, A. Ferrer, J. P. Pointier, M. Kombila, D. Richard-Lenoble, and A. Théron. "Comparative evaluation of Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma intercalatum, and Schistosoma haematobium alkaline phosphatase antigenicity by the alkaline phosphatase immunoassay (APIA)." Parasitology Research 113, no. 4 (January 23, 2014): 1395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-014-3780-5.

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Pages, J. R., and A. Theron. "Schistosoma intercalatum from Cameroon and Zaire: Chronobiological Differentiation of Cercarial Emergence." Journal of Parasitology 76, no. 5 (October 1990): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3282996.

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Ratard, Raoult C., and George J. Greer. "A New Focus of Schistosoma Haematobium/S. Intercalatum Hybrid in Cameroon." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 45, no. 3 (September 1, 1991): 332–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1991.45.332.

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Pagès, Jean R., Patrick Durand, Vaughan R. Southgate, Louis A. Tchuem Tchuenté, and Joseph Jourdane. "Molecular arguments for splitting of Schistosoma intercalatum , into two distinct species." Parasitology Research 87, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360000301.

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Castillo, Jesus Rico, Diana Alame, Madalina Tuluc, Michelle Nagurney, and Noha Ghusson. "Acute Appendicitis Associated With Schistosoma Species." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 152, Supplement_1 (September 11, 2019): S60—S61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqz113.058.

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Abstract Objectives Schistosomiasis is a public health problem in tropical regions of the world, highly endemic in sub-Saharan Africa but uncommon in the United States. It is considered second only to malaria as the most devastating human parasitic diseases, and it is mainly classified as urinary or intestinal. Here we report a rare case of acute appendicitis associated with Schistosoma spp. Case Presentation A 28-year-old male presented to our institution in October 2018 with a 2-day history of periumbilical and right lower quadrant abdominal pain associated with nausea, vomiting, fever, and chills. CT scan of the abdomen in the emergency department showed hyperenhancement of the appendix, with an increased diameter of 10 mm and infiltration of the adjacent fat, compatible with appendicitis. The patient was administered intravenous piperacillin-tazobactam and underwent an uncomplicated laparoscopic appendectomy. Histopathological examination of the appendectomy specimen reveals neutrophilic infiltrate of the wall consistent with acute appendicitis, with granulomatous inflammation surrounding parasitic eggs measuring 60 by 37 μm morphologically consistent with Schistosoma spp. within the wall. Additionally, Ziehl-Neelsen stained negative. Significant travel history included a trip to Lake Malawi approximately 9 years prior to this presentation where he frequently swam in freshwater lakes. He does not recall developing an acute illness associated with this travel. Discussion Chronic schistosomiasis is the result of host immune responses to schistosome eggs that become lodged in the capillaries or organs and cause granulomatous reactions. Chronic inflammation can lead to bowel wall ulceration, hyperplasia, and polyposis and, with massive infection, to periportal liver fibrosis, dysuria, and hematuria. Small bowel involvement is very unusual and only rare cases of appendicitis have been reported worldwide. Additionally, Ziehl-Neelsen stained negative favoring other Schistosoma species instead of S mansoni, S intercalatum, or S japonicum. Fortunately, the patient underwent surgery, received praziquantel, and achieved full recovery.

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Martin-Prével, Yves, Frédéric Berteau, Michel Bouyssou, Christian Ripert, and Margaret Pinder. "An epidemiological study of a Schistosoma intercalatum focus in south-east Gabon." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 86, no. 4 (July 1992): 401–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(92)90239-9.

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Cosgrove, C., and V. Southgate. "Competitive mating interactions between Schistosoma haematobium and S. intercalatum (Lower Guinea strain)." Parasitology Research 89, no. 3 (February 2003): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-002-0747-8.

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Odongo-Aginya, Emmanuel I., Christopher M. Ndugwa, Andreas Mueller, Vaughan R. Southgate, Tom Loroni-Lakwo, Hanns M. Seitz, Ekkehard Doehring-Schwerdtfeger, and Ulrich Schweigmann. "Evidence for the Occurrence of Schistosoma intercalatum at Albert Nile in Northern Uganda." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 50, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1994.50.723.

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Jourdane, Joseph, Vaughan R. Southgate, Jean René Pagès, Patrick Durand, and Louis Albert Tchuem Tchuenté. "Recent studies on Schistosoma intercalatum: taxonomic status, puzzling distribution and transmission foci revisited." Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 96, suppl (September 2001): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02762001000900006.

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Barrett, John. "Toxicity of aldehyde products of lipid peroxidation to adult Schistosoma intercalatum in vitro." International Journal for Parasitology 21, no. 8 (December 1991): 975–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(91)90176-8.

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Southgate, V. R., D. Rollinson, A. Kaukas, J. Almeda, A. M. Sousa, F. Castro, E. Soares, and M. Corachan. "Schistosomiasis in the Republic of São Tomé and Principe: characterization of Schistosoma intercalatum." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 88, no. 4 (July 1994): 479–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(94)90441-3.

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HANELT, B., S. V. BRANT, M. L. STEINAUER, G. M. MAINA, J. M. KINUTHIA, L. E. AGOLA, I. N. MWANGI, et al. "Schistosoma kisumuensisn. sp. (Digenea: Schistosomatidae) from murid rodents in the Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya and its phylogenetic position within theS. haematobiumspecies group." Parasitology 136, no. 9 (July 2, 2009): 987–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003118200900643x.

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SUMMARYSchistosoma kisumuensisn. sp. is described based on 6 adult males and 2 adult females collected from the circulatory system of 3 murid rodent species,Pelomys isseli, Mastomys natalensis, andDasymys incomtus. Specimens were collected from a single location, Nyabera Swamp, in Kisumu, Kenya in the Lake Victoria Basin. This new species is morphologically similar to members of theS. haematobiumgroup, currently represented by 8 species parasitizing artiodactyls and primates, including humans.Schistosoma kisumuensisdiffers from these species by producing relatively smallSchistosoma intercalatum-like eggs (135·2×52·9 μm) with a relatively small length to width ratio (2·55). Comparison of approximately 3000-base-pair sequences of nuclear rDNA (partial 28S) and mtDNA (partialcox1,nad6, 12S) strongly supports the status ofS. kisumuensisas a new species and as a sister species ofS. intercalatum. Thecox1 genetic distance between these two species (6·3%) is comparable to other pairwise comparisons within theS. haematobiumgroup. Separation of the Congo River and Lake Victoria drainage basins is discussed as a possible factor favoring the origin of this species.

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de Jonge, N., G. Schommer, F. W. Krijger, H. Feldmeier, K. Zwingenberger, A. Steiner, U. Bienzle, and A. M. Deelder. "Presence of circulating anodic antigen in serum of Schistosoma intercalatum-infected patients from Gabon." Acta Tropica 46, no. 2 (March 1989): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-706x(89)90005-3.

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ROLLINSON, D., J. R. STOTHARD, and V. R. SOUTHGATE. "Interactions between intermediate snail hosts of the genus Bulinus and schistosomes of the Schistosoma haematobium group." Parasitology 123, no. 7 (November 2001): 245–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182001008046.

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Within each of the four species groups of Bulinus there are species that act as intermediate hosts for one or more of the seven species of schistosomes in the Schistosoma haematobium group, which includes the important human pathogens S. haematobium and S. intercalatum. Bulinus species have an extensive distribution throughout much of Africa and some surrounding islands including Madagascar, parts of the Middle East and the Mediterranean region. Considerable variation in intermediate host specificity can be found and differences in compatibility between snail and parasite can be observed over small geographical areas. Molecular studies for detection of genetic variation and the discrimination of Bulinus species are reviewed and two novel assays, allele-specific amplification (ASA) and SNaPshot™, are introduced and shown to be of value for detecting nucleotide changes in characterized genes such as cytochrome oxidase 1. The value and complexity of compatibility studies is illustrated by case studies of S. haematobium transmission. In Senegal, where B. globosus, B. umbilicatus, B. truncatus and B. senegalensis may act as intermediate hosts, distinct differences have been observed in the infectivity of different isolates of S. haematobium. In Zanzibar, molecular characterization studies to discriminate between B. globosus and B. nasutus have been essential to elucidate the roles of snails in transmission. B. globosus is an intermediate host on Unguja and Pemba. Further studies are required to establish the intermediate hosts in the coastal areas of East Africa. Biological factors central to the transmission of schistosomes, including cercarial emergence rhythms and interactions with other parasites and abiotic factors including temperature, rainfall, water velocity, desiccation and salinity are shown to impact on the intermediate host-parasite relationship.

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Perez-Arellano. "KATAYAMAâS SYNDROME RELATED TO SCHISTOSOMA INTERCALATUM IN TWO TRAVELLERS RETURNING FROM MALI." American Journal of Infectious Diseases 8, no. 3 (March 1, 2012): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajidsp.2012.128.131.

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Ding, L., E. Pape, and R. Kozielski. "Schistosomiasis with Duodenal Involvement Presenting as Irritable Bowel Syndrome in a 9-Year-Old Patient." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (October 2020): S66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.143.

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Abstract Introduction/Objective Schistosomiasis is extremely rare in the United States. Most patients diagnosed in the US have an international travel history or recently immigrated from endemic areas. We report a case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with a three-month history of daily abdominal pain, decreased appetite, weight loss, and microcytic anemia. The patient had alternating symptoms of constipation and diarrhea mimicking Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Methods CT scans showed distal sigmoid colon with wall thickening and hyperenhancement. Stool Helicobacter pylori antigen test was positive and hemoglobin levels were low (11 g/dL). The blood eosinophil count was initially within the normal range but was significantly elevated three months later (2,115 cells/µL). Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy were performed, which showed patchy areas of erythema and punctate bleeding within the descending and sigmoid colon. Results Gastrointestinal tract biopsies revealed focal, prominent eosinophilic infiltrates in the lamina propria. There were multifocal granulomas and fibrosis surrounding Schistosoma ova in the lamina propria and submucosa of duodenum, cecum, colon, and rectum. Acid-fast stain highlights the shell and spine of the ova. A retrospective chart review revealed that the patient had traveled to Yemen one month before the onset of symptoms. Schistosomiasis is among the top differentials for marked, sustained eosinophilia, especially with relevant travel history. Distortions caused by processing and sectioning can make speciation difficult on tissue sections. Acid-fast staining of the shell would favor S. mansoni over S. intercalatum; however, the S. intercalatum-S. hematobium hybrid also has an acid fast–positive shell. The duodenum is an uncommon location to find Schistosoma ova, which are usually found in the rectum and sigmoid colon. Conclusion The symptoms of gastrointestinal schistosomiasis may mimic IBS, and eosinophilia may initially be not evident as in this case. However, a high degree of suspicion is required in diagnosing schistosomiasis in patients from endemic areas.

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Brown, D. S. "Freshwater snails of São Tomé, with special reference to Bulinus forskalii (Ehrenberg), host of Schistosoma intercalatum." Hydrobiologia 209, no. 2 (February 1991): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00006926.

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Imbert-Establet, D., H. Moné, L. A. Tchuem Tchuenté, and J. Jourdane. "Permissiveness of two African wild rodents, Mastomys huberti and Arvicanthis niloticus, to Schistosoma intercalatum : epidemiological consequences." Parasitology Research 83, no. 6 (June 5, 1997): 569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050299.

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Tchuente, Louis-Albert Tchuem, Daniéle Imbert-Establet, Bernard Delay, and Joseph Jourdane. "Choice of mate, a reproductive isolating mechanism between Schistosoma intercalatum and S. mansoni in mixed infections." International Journal for Parasitology 23, no. 2 (April 1993): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(93)90139-p.

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Tchuenté, L. A. Tchuem, V. R. Southgate, F. Njiokou, T. Njiné, L. E. Kouemeni, and J. Jourdane. "The evolution of schistosomiasis at Loum, Cameroon: replacement of Schistosoma intercalatum by S. haematobium through introgressive hybridization." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 91, no. 6 (November 1997): 664–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0035-9203(97)90513-7.

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KANE, R. A., V. R. SOUTHGATE, D. ROLLINSON, D. T. J. LITTLEWOOD, A. E. LOCKYER, J. R. PAGS, L. A. TCHUEM TCHUENT, and J. JOURDANE. "A phylogeny based on three mitochondrial genes supports the division of Schistosoma intercalatum into two separate species." Parasitology 127, no. 2 (August 2003): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182003003421.

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Arene, F. O. I., E. T. Ukpeibo, and E. A. Nwanze. "Studies on schistosomiasis in the Niger Delta: Schistosoma intercalatum in the urban city of Port Harcourt, Nigeria." Public Health 103, no. 4 (July 1989): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3506(89)80043-5.

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J., Pagès, Southgate V., L. Tchuem Tchuenté, and Jourdane J. "Lack of prezygotic isolation by assortative mating between the two cryptic species of the polytypic Schistosoma intercalatum taxon." Parasitology Research 87, no. 10 (October 1, 2001): 888–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360100477.

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Pages, J.-R., and A. Théron. "Analysis and comparison of cercarial emergence rhythms of Schistosoma haematobium, S. intercalatum, S. bovis, and their hybrid progeny." International Journal for Parasitology 20, no. 2 (April 1990): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(90)90100-2.

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Kremsner, P. G., N. De Jonge, P. P. Simarro, F. Mühlschlegel, M. Mir, F. O. Sima, H. Feldmeier, U. Bienzle, and A. M. Deelder. "Quantitative determination of circulating anodic and cathodic antigens in serum and urine of individuals infected with Schistosoma intercalatum." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 87, no. 2 (March 1993): 167–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(93)90474-5.

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Rheinberg, Christian E., Hélène Moné, Conor R. Caffrey, Danièle Imbert-Establet, Joseph Jourdane, and Andreas Ruppel. "Schistosoma haematobium , S. intercalatum , S. japonicum , S. mansoni , and S. rodhaini in mice: relationship between patterns of lung migration by schistosomula and perfusion recovery of adult worms." Parasitology Research 84, no. 4 (March 23, 1998): 338–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050407.

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Caffrey, Conor R., Christian E. Rheinberg, Hélène Moné, Joseph Jourdane, Yong-Long Li, and A. Ruppel. "Schistosoma japonicum , S. mansoni , S. haematobium, S. intercalatum , and S. rodhaini : cysteine-class cathepsin activities in the vomitus of adult worms." Parasitology Research 83, no. 1 (November 20, 1996): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050204.

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Pages, J. R., and A. Théron. "Schistosoma intercalatum :variations morphologiques et biométriques des œufs en relation avec la localisation chez l’hôte définitif et l’origine géographique du parasite (Cameroun et Zaïre)." Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée 64, no. 3 (1989): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1989643208.

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Li, Y. L., M. A. Idris, M. Corachan, J. J. Han, M. Kirschfink, and A. Ruppel. "Circulating antigens in schistosomiasis: detection of 31/32-kDa proteins in sera from patients infected with Schistosoma japonicum, S. mansoni, S. haematobium, or S. intercalatum." Parasitology Research 82, no. 1 (January 1996): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050060.

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