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McCall, Madelon J. Conaway Betty J. "Qualities of effective secondary science teachers perspectives of university biology students /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5244.
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Jasper, William Gordon. "Detecting biology teachers' images of teaching about science, technology, and society /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/MQ34964.pdf.
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Devine, Catherine. "Life Science For Elementary Teachers." UNF Digital Commons, 1990. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/169.
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Science is taught at all grade levels, yet there exists a deficiency in the amount of emphasis placed on science training for elementary teachers. As a result, teachers often feel inadequate in their knowledge of scientific areas and in their ability to develop science process skills in their students. As a result in this lack of training, a need exists to provide programs to increase skill and confidence of elementary teachers not only in teaching science concepts but science process skills as well.
One means of meeting this need was the development of an activity-based, process-oriented inservice curriculum designed specifically for elementary science. The curriculum was designed as an inservice component of 60 hours that emphasized process skills as well as updating science concepts. The curriculum was designed for use in grades 1-6 and stressed "hands-on" experiences using readily available materials and a minimum of specialized equipment.
The curriculum was field tested as a component of the Clay county, Florida Summer Inservice Institute. Thirty eight teachers, whose teaching assignments ranged from kindergarten to sixth grade, participated in the field test.
At the beginning of the Institute, no participant scored 80% or better on a pretest of knowledge of concepts and process skills. Each participant completed each 'activity in the role of a student, including forming a hypothesis, collecting data, and drawing a conclusion. Activities were then discussed stressing process skills used and an indepth review of concepts involved. On the final day of the Institute, 84% of the participants scored 80% or better on the posttest. Furthermore, evaluations of the component by particiPants indicated a marked improvement in confidence in and enthusiasm for teaching science process skills. Overall the curriculum met the objective of increasing elementary teachers' ability and willingness to teach science process skills as well as science concepts.
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RAMIARINA, NATÁLIA TAVARES RIOS. "ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN INITIAL TRAINING OF SCIENCE AND BIOLOGY TEACHERS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=28123@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROSão muitos os desafios que se colocam para a educação em Direitos humanos e para educação ambiental na sociedade atual, e a formação de professores é campo estratégico de reflexão. Para pensar estas temáticas no currículo de Ciências e Biologia, buscou-se estabelecer as afinidades teórico-metodológicas entre a vertente crítica da educação ambiental e o discurso contra-hegemônico dos DDHH, a partir de categorias da justiça ambiental, utilizando referenciais da educação popular de Paulo Freire, da ecologia de saberes de Boaventura de Sousa Santos e do ecologismo dos pobres de Martínez-Alier. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar como as Licenciaturas em Ciências Biológicas das Universidades públicas da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO, UERJ e UFRJ) têm abordado as temáticas da Educação ambiental e dos Direitos Humanas. Para tal, optou-se pela triangulação de dados composta pela análise dos Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos dos Cursos, entrevistas com professores e coordenadores e questionário com alunos concluintes. Buscou-se desta maneira caracterizar as concepções que informam os documentos institucionais e os objetivos dos cursos em relação às temáticas, o entendimento dos professores e coordenadores sobre a EA e DDHH, identificando aspectos conservadores e hegemônicos e/ou aspectos críticos e contra-hegemônicos em seus discursos. O questionário com alunos concluintes compôs a análise sobre como estes alunos vêem sua formação e quais suas expectativas de futura atuação docente sobre as temáticas. O estudo indicou uma ampliação nos objetivos da formação de professores de Ciências e Biologia, incorporando a formação humana e social. Neste sentido, a EA é mais amplamente inserida na formação inicial, sobretudo com um enfoque conservacionista, enquanto os DDHH são tratados apenas como pano de fundo, sobretudo para o tratamento de aspectos relacionais, referentes ao respeito e não-discriminação. A inserção das temáticas acontece de acordo com entendimento pessoal dos professores, não havendo uma reflexão coletiva e institucional sobre os propósitos desta dimensão da formação, embora professores e coordenadores sejam unânimes em reconhecer a relevância desta inserção. São potencialidades dos cursos a inserção de alunos de diversos grupos sociais, a vivência e demandas trazidas pelas escolas nos estágios e atividades extra-curriculares.
There are many challenges that arise for education in human rights and environmental education in todays society, and teacher education is a strategic field of reflection. To think these issues in science and biology curriculum, sought to establish the theoretical and methodological similarities between the critical aspect of environmental education and counter-hegemonic discourse of DDHH, from categories of environmental justice, using references to popular education of Paulo Freire, of knowledge ecology of Boaventura de Sousa Santos and the environmentalism of the poor of Martínez-Alier. This study aims to characterize as the graduation in Biological Sciences from the public universities of Rio de Janeiro City (UNIRIO, UERJ and UFRJ) have addressed the issues of Environmental Education and Human Rights. To this end, we opted for the triangulation of data made the analysis of Political Projects Pedagogical Course, interviews with teachers and coordinators and questionnaire to graduating students. He sought in this way to characterize the concepts that inform institutional documents and the objectives of the course in relation to the themes, the understanding of teachers and coordinators on environmental education and human rights identifying conservative aspects and hegemonic and / or critical issues and counter-hegemonic in his speeches. The questionnaire with graduating students composed the analysis of how these students see their training and what their expectations of future teaching performance on the issues. The study indicated an expansion in the objectives of the training of science and biology teachers, incorporating human and social formation. In this regard, EE is more fully inserted in the initial training, especially with a conservationist approach, while human rights are treated only as a backdrop, especially for the treatment of relational aspects, for the respect and non-discrimination. The insertion of the thematic happens according to personal understanding of teachers, and there is a collective and institutional reflection on the purpose of this dimension of training, although teachers and coordinators are unanimous in recognizing the importance of this integration. They are potential courses of the inclusion of various social groups students, the experience and demands brought by schools and extracurricular activities.
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Harris, Alton Denzil. "Fitmast : a case study of one programme of inservice training for science teachers (biology)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28057.
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A case study was made of FITMAST (Formal Inservice Training of Mathematics and Science Teachers.), an inservice education programme for science teachers in South Africa. The objectives of FITMAST are:
a) to upgrade the academic qualifications of teachers and,
b) to improve the teaching competence of the teachers.
In the case of FITMAST, equal emphasis was initially placed on the acquisition of both the above aims. However, the recognition that teachers wanted from attending the FITMAST courses, was first-year university credits. Such wishes necessitated an emphasis towards more academic content in order for the University of the Western Cape to grant such credits. Consequently less time was devoted to improving the teaching competencies for the participants; a move that the teachers were critical of for they continued expressing the desire to have their teaching competencies improved. FITMAST is thus caught up in a "Catch 22" situation: an emphasis shift in either direction will have to be made each at the expense of the other.
Faced with an apparently unresolvable position, a tension is created insofar as the devotion of time to either of the objectives is concerned. This study, in accepting that the above-mentioned tension exists, will seek to:
a) find how this tension and other problems that surrounds FITMAST manifest themselves in the teachers' perceptions and
, course experiences, as well as within the views of the administrators and,
b) provide in the form of recommendations, a direction for change based on the teachers' course experiences. Four modes of data collection were employed:
a) Interviews were conducted with the Biology teachers that attended FITMAST in June 1987. The administrators were also interviewed during that period.
b) A questionnaire, constructed from the interview data obtained from the teachers, was mailed to all the Biology teachers that had participated in FITMAST since its inception in 1983.
c) Field notes were recorded during the researcher's attendance of the FITMAST session in June 1987.
d) Documents with regard to FITMAST were also consulted. The major findings that emanated from this study were:
1) The teachers' expectations of FITMAST were not met by the programme.
2) The amount of course work encountered during a residential session of FITMAST is too much.
3) A sizeable amount of the course work covered in FITMAST might be familiar to the teachers.
4) The distance teaching component merely evaluates the teachers' understanding of the work covered in the residential component.
5) Teachers believe that didactics should form a major part of the FITMAST programme. The following recommendations were made:
1) Prospective participants should be informed about the exact nature of the FITMAST courses primarily through an orientation session in which former participants can share their experiences with the new recruits.
2) The amount of course work covered during the residential session should be reduced.
3) The distance teaching component should become part of the instructional process.
4) The time devoted to didactics should be extended as an urgent response to a strongly expressed need of the teachers to enrich their didactic experiences.
The researcher further recommends that a feasibility study be undertaken of an alternative format that is proposed should the distance teaching component become part of the instructional process.Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
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DeBernardo, Holly S. "Undergraduate Science Education of Pre-Service Teachers: The Relationship to Self-Efficacy of High School Chemistry and Biology Teachers." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1341503060.
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Scales, Jason A. "Assessment of teachers' ability to integrate science concepts into secondary agriculture programs." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4717.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on February 29, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Madike, Victor N. "Student Perceptions of Biology Teachers' Interpersonal Teaching Behaviors and Student Achievement." ScholarWorks, 2015. http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/546.
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Inadequate student-teacher interactions in undergraduate courses have been linked to poor student performance. Researchers have noted that students' perceptions of student-teacher relationships may be an important factor related to student performance. The administration of a Mid-Atlantic community college prioritized increasing undergraduate biology student performance. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relationship between students' biology achievement and their perceptions of interpersonal teaching behaviors and student-teacher interactions in introductory biology courses. Leary's theory on interpersonal communication and the systems communication theory of Watzlawick, Beavin, and Jackson served as the theoretical foundation. The Wubbel's Likert-scale questionnaire on student-teacher interactions was administered to 318 undergraduate biology students. Non-parametric Spearman's rank correlations revealed a significant direct correlation between students' grades and their perceptions of teachers' interpersonal teaching behaviors. The relationship between student achievement and students' perceptions of student-teacher interactions prompted the recommendation for additional study on the importance of student-teacher interactions in undergraduate programs. A recommendation for local practice included faculty development on strategies for improving student-teacher interactions. The study's implications for positive social change include increased understanding for administrators and instructors on the importance of teacher-student interactions at the community college level.
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Mthethwa-Kunene, K. F. E. "Exploring science teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge in the teaching of genetics in Swaziland." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43191.
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Recent trends show that learners’ enrolment and performance in science at secondary school level is dwindling. Some science topics including genetics in biology are said to be difficult for learners to learn and thus they perform poorly in examinations. Teacher knowledge base, particularly topic-specific pedagogical content knowledge (PCK), has been identified by many researchers as an important factor that is linked with learner understanding and achievement in science. This qualitative study was an attempt to explore the PCK of four successful biology teachers and how they developed it in the context of teaching genetics. The purposive sampling technique was employed to select the participating teachers based on their schools’ performance in biology public examinations and recommendations by science specialists and school principals. Pedagogical content knowledge was used as a theoretical framework for the study, which guided the inquiry in data collection, analysis and discussion of the research findings. The study adopted the case study method and various sources of evidence including concept maps, lesson plans, pre-lesson interviews, lesson observations, post-teaching teacher questionnaire, post-lesson interviews and document analysis were used to collect data on teachers’ PCK as well as how PCK was assumed to have developed.
The data were analysed in an attempt to determine the individual teachers’ school genetics’ content knowledge, related knowledge of instructional strategies and knowledge of learners’ preconceptions and learning difficulties. The analysis involved an iterative process of coding data into PCK categories of content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge and knowledge of learners’ preconceptions and learning difficulties. The findings of the study indicate that the four successful biology teachers generally have the necessary content knowledge of school genetics, used certain topic-specific instructional strategies, but lacked knowledge of genetics-related learners’ preconceptions and learning difficulties despite having taught the topic for many years. There were some instructional deficits in their approaches and techniques in teaching genetics. The teachers failed to use physical models, teacher demonstration and/or learner experimentation in their lessons (or include them in their lesson plans) to assist learners in visualizing or internalizing the genetics concepts or processes located at the sub-microscopic level. The teachers’ PCK in genetics teaching was assumed to have developed mainly through formal university education programmes, classroom teaching experiences, peer support and participation in in-service workshops. The implications for biology teacher education are also discussed.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
lk2014
Humanities Education
PhD
Unrestricted
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Nunez, Elvis Enrique. "A Caribbean story the role of science standards and biology teachers' acceptance and understanding in shaping evolution instruction in Belize /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0041334.
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Sickel, Aaron J. "Examining beginning biology teachers' knowledge, beliefs, and practice for teaching natural selection." University of Missouri - Columbia, 2013.
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Lebec, Michael T. "An analysis of learning in an online biology course for teachers and teacher candidates: A mixed methods approach." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298792.
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Due to discipline specific shortages, web-based learning has been proposed as a convenient way to upgrade the content knowledge of instructors interested in learning to teach science. Despite quantitative evidence that web-based instruction is equivalent to traditional methods, questions remain regarding its use. The efficiency and practicality of this approach with teachers in particular has not been extensively studied. This investigation examines learning in an online biology course designed to help teachers prepare for science certification exams. Research questions concern flow teachers learn biology in the online environment and how this setting influences the learning process. Quantitative and qualitative methodologies are employed in an attempt to provide a more complete perspective than typical studies of online learning. Concept maps, tests, and online discussion transcripts are compared as measures of assimilated knowledge, while interviews reflect participants' views on the course. Findings indicate that participants experienced gains in declarative knowledge, but little improvement with respect to conditional knowledge. Qualitative examination of concept maps demonstrates gaps in participants' understandings of key course ideas. Engagement in the use of online resources varied according to participants' attitudes towards online learning. Subjects also reported a lack of motivation to fully engage in the course due to busy teaching schedules and the absence of accountability.
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Gwimbi, Eric Mangwende. "A study of the association of Zimbabwean A-level biology teachers' classroom practices with their school contexts and nature of science attitudes." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396029.
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Joseph-Orelus, Hermione. "Teachers Support for English Language Learners to Build Inquiry Skills in Online Biology Simulations." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6445.
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The population of English language learners (ELLs) is on the rise in the United States, but they are lagging behind English speaking students in several subject areas--including biology. Scholarly literature lacks information on how biology teachers use scaffolding strategies to support ELL students with inquiry skills during online simulations. The purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to explore how biology teachers support ELLs in learning biology, using biology simulations to promote inquiry learning. The conceptual framework for this study included the constructivist perspective regarding the zone of proximal development, Electronic Quality of Inquiry Protocol, and technology use in science instruction. The purposive sample for this study was 4 biology teachers from 2 high schools in large school districts in the southeastern region of the United States who taught ELL students using inquiry-based online simulations. The data sources were face to face interviews with teachers, scaffolding documents, and lesson plans. Data were coded and analyzed for common themes across within and across cases. Results indicated that although biology teachers believed that ELL students benefited from inquiry simulations because of the already incorporated visuals and their ability to interact and manipulate the program, they sometimes lacked technology experiences and struggled with English and literacy that may reduce the benefits of the simulation experiences. The results of this study have the potential to contribute to social change by providing insights that may increase the understanding of how biology teachers can support ELL students when using technology in the form of simulations to promote inquiry learning.
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Sipe, Betty Burns. "An investigation into the relationships between teaching strategies of high school biology teachers, student Myers-Briggs psychological type, the development of science-related attitudes, and science-related career choices." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720288.
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Research demonstrates correlations between the sensing-intuitive dimension of psychological type as interpreted by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) (Myers 1985) and science-related career choices. Alarming decreases in science-related career interests prompted this study which employed psychological type theory to investigate relationships between teaching strategies preferences of Indiana high school biology teachers and science-related attitudes of their academically-talented students. The purpose was to learn if good biology teachers instill positive attitudes within the context of the sensing-intuitive dimension by adapting teaching strategies to match the psychological type composition of their classes and therefore inspire students to pursue science-related careers. Teacher and student psychological type was determined by the MBTI. Teaching style preferences of 20 exemplary teachers and 16 randomly-selected teachers related to their 722 academically-talented students were explored by the Biology Teaching Strategies Inventory developed by the researcher. This instrument contained 40 forced-choice items with paired sensing and intuitive activities written to reflect sound biological conceptual themes from BSCS recommendations. An ANOVA determined that neither teacher group appeared to be adapting teaching strategies. Both teacher groups preferred teaching strategies corresponding to their own psychological type, sensing or intuitive, even when they were to select strategies to use with their specific classes.Science-related attitudes of 338 academically-talented students of 10 exemplary and 16 randomly-selected teachers were examined by seven scales of the Test of Science-related Attitudes (TOSRA) (Barry Fraser 1981). A covariant analysis of student science-related attitudes coupled with student variables of Psychological type (sensing and intuitive), career choice, gender, and socio-economic level indicated statistically significant differences in attitude scores of students of both teacher groups: females of exemplary teachers scored almost as high as males of both teacher groups on enjoyment of science learning and science leisure interests, sensing males of higher socio-economic levels had very low attitudes on adoption of scientific attitudes, females of both teacher groups had more positive attitudes than males on normality of scientists, students of exemplary teachers choosing biology-related careers had lower scores than students with similar career choices of randomly-selected teachers. Intuitive students had more positive attitudes than sensing students on all TOSRA scales.Department of Biology
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Kos, Agnieszka. "High school teachers' perspectives on effective approaches for teaching biology to students with special needs." ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/720.
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The demands of national educational reforms require high school biology teachers to provide high quality instruction to students with and without special needs. The reforms, however, do not provide teachers with adequate teaching strategies to meet the needs of all students in the same context. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to understand high school biology teachers' perspectives, practices, and challenges in relation to teaching students with special needs. This approach was used to develop a substantive model for high school biology teachers who are challenged with teaching students with and without special needs. Data were collected via in-depth interviews with 15 high school teachers in a Midwestern school district. The data were analyzed using open coding, axial coding, and selective coding procedures in accordance with the grounded theory approach. Essential model components included skills and training for teachers, classroom management strategies, teaching strategies, and student skills. The emergent substantive theory indicated that that teacher preparation and acquired skills greatly influence the effectiveness of inclusion implementation. Key findings also indicated the importance of using of a variety of instructional strategies and classroom management strategies that address students' special needs and their learning styles. This study contributes to social change by providing a model for teaching students and effectively implementing inclusion in regular science classrooms. Following further study, this model may be used to support teacher professional development and improve teaching practices that in turn may improve science literacy supported by the national educational reforms.
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Owens, Thea Angela. "A Cross Sectional Survey of High School Biology/Life Science Teachers’ Presentation of Genetic Counseling and Health Care Career Options in their Classrooms." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1218810536.
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Lundkvist, Elin. "Påverkansfaktorer i biologiundervisning : En intervjustudie om faktorer grundskollärare upplever påverkar genomförandet av biologiundervisning i årskurs 4-6." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-36464.
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Både internationella och nationella kunskapsundersökningar visar att svenska elevers kunskaper i naturvetenskap har försämrats under flera årtionden. Svenska elever presterar relativt bra i naturvetenskap i årskurs 4 men det sker en kraftig förändring när eleverna går i årskurs 8. Intresset bakom studien är därför att se hur den svenska biologiundervisningen genomförs i årskurs 4-6 eftersom elevernas inställning och kunskaper försämras efter dessa årskurser. I läroplanen framhålls ett antal förmågor inom vardera skolämne som eleverna ska utveckla i grundskolan. I biologiämnet finns tre förmågor och den förmåga som jag upplever är viktig för att bibehålla intresset för ämnet handlar om att eleven ska kunna använda biologins begrepp, modeller och teorier för att beskriva och förklara biologiska samband i människokroppen, naturen och samhället.I studien har nio grundskollärare intervjuats för att urskilja faktorer de upplever påverkar elevens möjligheter att utveckla förmågan. I studien ingår även en enkätundersökning där 100 biologilärare värderade sitt intresse och kompetens inom biologi. Resultatet visar att både lärare och elever är positivt inställda till ämnet och lärarna upplever sig ha god kompetens. Påverkansfaktorer i undervisningen är flera men lärarna beskriver en kritisk bild där pengar, tid och arbetsbördan hindrar dem från att bedriva den undervisning som de känner sig nöjda med.Both international and national knowledge surveys are showing that Swedish students' knowledge in science has deteriorated for decades. Swedish students perform relatively well in science in grade 4, but there is a sharp change when students are in grades 8. The interest behind the study is therefore to see how the Swedish biology teaching is performed in grades 4-6 because of the fact that the students' attitude and skills changes after these grades. The curriculum emphasizes a number of abilities in each school subject that the students will develop during elementary school. In biology there are three abilities, and the ability that I experience is most important to maintain interest for biology is: use concepts of biology, its models and theories to describe and explain biological relationships in the human body, nature and society.In the study, nine primary school teachers were interviewed to discern factors they experience affects the student's opportunities to develop the ability. The study also include a survey in which 100 biology teachers have valued their interest and competence in biology. The result shows that both teachers and students are positive to the substance and the teachers also feel they have good competence. Influential factors in teaching are several, but the teachers describes a critical picture where money, time and workload prevents them from pursuing education they feel satisfied with.
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Begum, Rabeya. "The roles of teachers and types of questions in the science classroom : A study of communication patterns in high school level biology lessons." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för matematikämnets och naturvetenskapsämnenas didaktik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-158005.
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Teacher-student communication in the classroom is crucial for effective student learning and a teacher can play different roles by asking related questions. Teachers use of the right questions at the right moment stimulates and invites the students to have a closer look, reinvestigate or revisit the problem. The teachers play various roles while asking the questions to continue the classroom discourse. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate various roles of a high school teacher in a science classroom discourse. The study also pursued how these roles are related to the types of questions asked by the teacher during classroom communication. A framework, constructed by Chen and his colleagues, has been used to categorize types of teachers’ roles to find the relationship between the roles of the teachers and the types of questions asked in a science class. A case study has been presented in this report with observations from two high school level biology lessons. Both audio and video recording were deployed to capture the lessons as well as a notebook was maintained. These recordings have been transcribed for a qualitative data analysis. In this study, five types of questions have been observed in two biology lessons: concept, confirmation, remembering, challenging and encouraging. Furthermore, based on Chen and his colleagues Framework, only three roles of the teacher was found: dispenser, coach, and participant. The findings revealed that the concept, confirmation and remembering types of questions are related to the teacher role as dispenser, the challenging types of questions are related to the role as coach and encouraging type of questions are related to the teacher’s participant role. The teacher acted mostly as a dispenser in the classroom discourses. There were some rooms where the teacher might exercise more as a coach and participant to improve the classroom interaction. No connection between the content of the questions and the role of the teachers was found from the observations. Therefore, this study suggests that further research should be continued with a broader scope to analyze the teachers’ questioning roles, its relationship with the content of the questions and its impact to promote student learning.
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Mitchell, Adam James. "Assessing Scientific Inquiry: Teacher Beliefs and Practices." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2521.
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Science education reform movements have long urged the use of inquiry methods in all science instruction. More recently, standards and accountability reform efforts have emphasized measuring and improving student science achievement. Researchers have questioned the alignment and balance between these reforms (Lane, 2004; Yeh, 2001). This study addresses issues faced by secondary science teachers as they simultaneously meet the goals of these reform movements. Mixed methods were used to answer the questions: 1) Can a teacher's beliefs and practices regarding inquiry teaching methods be correlated with his/her assessment practices?; 2) What item types are most commonly employed by teachers that use an inquiry pedagogy?; and 3) What assessment strategies do teachers describe to assess scientific inquiry? Secondary science teachers, mostly from one western state, responded to a survey (N = 83) and provided a teacher-made classroom assessment (n = 30). Survey responses were used to assign a teacher inquiry score based on described frequency of pedagogical practices supporting or detracting from an inquiry focus. A rubric based on cognitive complexity was used to determine a numeric value for each test item with the sum of item scores providing an overall assessment score. Using regression analysis and Pearson's correlation this study found a moderate correlation (r = 0.0447, p = 0.0133) between teacher inquiry scores and assessment scores. A modest correlation was also established between teacher inquiry levels (high, medium, and low categories assigned using cut scores) and overall assessment scores using an ANOVA (DF=2, p = 0.0262) and Tukey-Kramer pairwise analysis (low to medium p = 0.046; low to high p = 0.057). Correlations indicate that teachers are able to simultaneously focus on inquiry in pedagogical and assessment practices. Cognitively complex items used by teachers with an inquiry focus measure the same cognitive skills as scientific inquiry. Survey responses to open-ended questions provided additional qualitative data supporting the study's findings. Respondents reported challenges in creating assessments that measure student scientific inquiry competency, but also noted that labs, observation and questioning, and performance assessments are useful in measuring inquiry skills.
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Shepard, Pamela Ann. "The Use of Part-Time Faculty in Associate Degree Nursing, Social Science, and Biological Science Programs." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332403/.
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This study surveyed the opinions of academic administrators of associate degree nursing programs, community college social science programs, and community
college biological science programs regarding major benefits and concerns associated with the employment of part-time faculty.
This study found that most part-time social science faculty teach in the classroom, half participate in non-teaching faculty activities, and most are paid a contract amount per course or credit hour. Part-time biological science faculty differed only in that most teach a combination of classroom and lab/practicum. Part-time nursing faculty differed in all three areas.
Most part-time nursing faculty teach in lab or practicum settings, most participate in more non-teaching activities than other part-time faculty, and most are paid an hourly wage. However, the benefits and concerns associated with the employment of part-time nursing faculty were not significantly different from those identified by academic administrators of the other programs with one exception. Academic administrators felt that part-time nursing faculty expose students to the latest technologies in specialty areas and part-time social science faculty do not.
The benefits cited by the respondents, that were in addition to the benefits most frequently cited in the literature, include increased interaction with the community and the ability to "try out" prospective full-time faculty. The concerns cited by respondents, that were in addition to the concerns most frequently cited in the literature, include the inability to find qualified part-time faculty to fill available positions and the concern that the employment of part-time faculty causes resentment among full-time faculty.
The results from this study indicate that the literature pertaining to the benefits and concerns associated with the employment of social science and biological science part-time faculty in community colleges can be used to develop policies regarding part-time faculty in associate degree nursing programs.
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Cooley, Hagans Cristin D. "An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Teacher Versus Student-Generated Science Analogies on Comprehension in Biology and Chemistry." Defiance College / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=def1281549287.
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Enghono, Albertina Magano. "Understanding how trainee teachers engage with prior everyday knowledge and experience associated with biological concepts during integrated natural science education 5-7 : a case study." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011972.
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Since the Namibian independence in 1990, the education system has undergone some major revamping which involved the adoption of social constructivist perspectives in the teaching and learning of sciences. This learning theory acknowledges learners’ background prior knowledge as valuable tools in the effective construction of science concepts during lessons. A corollary is that the socio-cultural circumstances of learners might negatively influence the way learners construct new knowledge in the science classroom if they are not taken into consideration. This study was thus prompted by the need to understand how trainee science teachers engage with prior everyday knowledge and experiences, so as to enhance the conceptual development of biological concepts. The study was qualitative and it was underpinned by an interpretive paradigm with some elements of action research. Science trainee teachers at Katima Mulilo, Unam Campus were used as research participants. The techniques used to gather data included document analysis, brainstorming, observation, audio-visual, microteaching and semi-structured interviews. The results of this study showed that the changes that occurred during microteaching practices of the four trainee teachers involved in the study reflected their professional development in this approach. However, it emerged that prior everyday knowledge can be both a barrier and enabler to the construction of meaningful teaching and learning; hence its oversight may lead to instructional failures. The findings also indicated that selected platforms are essential to enable trainee teachers to incorporate prior everyday knowledge and experiences into the teaching of Western science. However, larger scale study should be conducted in order to deepen the understanding of the topic.
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Calderone, Carli E. "Stem Cell Research: Science Education and Outreach." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1268751337.
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Hanks, Joseph H. "Alignment Between Secondary Biology Textbooks and Standards for Teaching English Learners: A Content Analysis." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4174.
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The goal of the most recent science education reform movement in the U.S. is science literacy for all Americans. Science literacy among U.S. students remains low, however, as compared with students in other industrialized countries, and is lowest among English Language Learner (ELL) students. Although there are barriers to developing science literacy for all adolescent students, ELL students often experience additional barriers that make developing science literacy even more challenging without support. Because textbooks are often heavily relied upon by secondary science teachers, the opportunity for many ELLs to develop science literacy may depend upon the support for these students included in science textbooks. Many textbook publishers have included textual tools for teaching ELLs in the teacher's editions of science textbooks they claim will help teachers support the learning of ELLs in the ways that are recommended by national standards, which describe appropriate science content, pedagogy, and language supports. These standards, referred to in this study as ELL standards, include the Benchmarks for Science Literacy, the CREDE standards, the WIDA standards, and the TIMSS standards. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative content analysis was to determine how the textual tools for teaching ELLs found in three widely used secondary biology textbooks in the U.S. are aligned with the ELL standards. All textual tools were read, reread, and coded using the ELL standards as a priori coding categories. The results indicate that some of the textual tools in the biology textbooks align with the ELL standards. However, the frequency of alignment between the textual tools and the ELL standards is not high. Further, many of the instances of alignment between the textual tools and the ELL standards are implicit, rather than explicit, indicating that the alignment between them is weak. Finally, many of the textual tools that are aligned with the ELL standards are only aligned with one of the categories within a given standard and ignore other, important, categories. It is recommended that textbook publishers update the textual tools for teaching ELLs in future editions of their textbooks to make them more aligned with the ELL standards. It is further recommended that secondary science teachers be better prepared so they will not have to rely on the textual tools for teaching ELLs in their instruction.
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Kijkosol, Duangsmorn. "Teacher-student interactions and laboratory learning environments in biology classes in Thailand." Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 2005. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16101.
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The first purpose of the study described in this thesis was to provide validation information of three questionnaires that were modified and translated into the Thai language, namely, the Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI), the Science Laboratory Environment Inventory (SLEI), and the Attitude to Biology Class (ABC). A second purpose was to determine students' perceptions of teacher-student interactions and laboratory learning environments and their attitudes to biology classes in secondary schools in Thailand. A sample of 1,194 students from 37 biology classes in 37 schools completed the three questionnaires. The results of the study showed that most students in secondary schools of Thailand have moderately positive attitudes to their biology class. Students perceived their teachers as having good leadership, being helping/friendly, and understanding, but seldom uncertain, dissatisfied or admonishing. They also perceived that sometimes their teachers were strict, however allowing students responsibility and freedom. In biology laboratories, they perceived the environments as employing good student cohesiveness, less open-endedness and integration of the theory and practical, the rules were not clear and the materials were not good and insufficient. There were differences between students' actual and ideal perceptions of classroom interactions and laboratory learning environments. Students preferred teachers who showed strong leadership, were more helping and understanding, who gave their students more responsibility and freedom, and who were less uncertain, dissatisfied, admonishing and strict.Also, students preferred a biology laboratory environment with higher levels on the scales of Open-Endedness, Integration, Rule Clarity, and Material Environment but not Student Cohesiveness. Some commonality between the QTI and the SLEI scales was found in their contributions to the variance in student attitudes to biology classes. So now the QTI and the SLEI can be used by biology teachers and other science teachers in secondary schools who wish to improve science teaching and learning in Thailand.
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Kent, David G. "A Correlation of Teacher Understanding of the Nature of Science (NOS) with Student Understanding." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2558.
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This is a study of how a teacher's understanding of the nature of science (NOS) correlates to student understanding of the nature of science. Participants are in semester long seventh grade science classes in a suburban school district. Seven strands of the nature of science were identified in the literature. Four strands were analyzed in this study. Teachers were ranked according to their understanding of the nature of science and compared to their corresponding students' average gain. There was no definitive pattern between the teacher's and corresponding students' gain. When broken down by strand, there still was no definitive pattern between teacher's rank and their students' average gain. Teaching experience varied and provided significant differences between experience groups. Two student ethnic groups produced significant negative overall gains. Only two student ethnic groups showed positive overall gains; however, they were insignificant. Students who reported to enjoy science showed a higher understanding of NOS than those who reported to not enjoy science.
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Ganchorre, Athena Roldan. "Recognition and Respect for Difference: Science and Math Pre-service Teachers' Attributes that Underlie a Commitment to Teach in Under-resourced Schools." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202743.
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This work revealed what is at the core of a particular group of prospective teachers that underlie their commitment to teach in under-resourced schools and districts. Prospective teachers committed to teaching in under-resourced schools have qualities or attributes of recognition and respect for students and families who come from low-income and culturally different backgrounds and experiences. These prospective teachers were able to recognize complex interactions that students and their families face at the individual, social and institutional level. They also sought ways to address their students' learning needs by drawing from students' experiences to make meaningful connections between home and school. To identify students' and families' lived experiences, cultural practices, and language as resources to draw from, are acts of recognition and respect towards students and their families who are, for many prospective teachers, different from themselves. Recognition and respect for difference are essential attributes that underlie a socially just and humanistic pedagogy which can positively impact the learning outcomes for students who are historically poorly served by our public schools. This work highlights a different view that prospective teachers from majority White European backgrounds have about social others. It also provides a new framework using social otherness as a lens to reveal prospective teachers' understandings and knowledge about students and families from low-income backgrounds.
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Mendenhall, Gordon L. "A model for the assessment of in-service education using data on the acquisition of human genetics concepts by secondary biology teachers and their students and implementation of selected teaching strategies." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1019469.
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This research extended and refined an in-service assessment model used in Project Genethics resulting in an evaluation of Project Genethics and a test of the model's utility. The model guided analyses of the correlational relationships between (a) teacher competency measured by a written 50-item validated posttest (Teacher 50), (b) the number of teaching strategies reported by the participant teachers (Strategy 20), and (c) student competency measured by a written 25-item validated posttest (Student 25) using a Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient Lr). A multiple R statistic and stepwise linear regression with an F ratio were used to determine the association of Teacher 50 and Strategy 20 with the criterion, Student 25.The model is hierarchical. Subsets of test items and teaching strategies related to core genetics concepts (Mendelian genetics, mitosis and meiosis, pedigrees and probability, polygenic inheritance, and chromosome aberrations) were analyzed in teacher posttests, student posttests, and reported teaching strategies. Stepwise linear regression was used to determine the relative impact of the predictors on the criterion, Student 25.The research population consisted of 78 secondary biology teachers and 4,920 of their students. The teachers attend one of six Project Genethics workshops conducted in the summer of 1991, . funded by the National Science Foundation, and implemented by staff of the Human Genetics and Bioethics Education Laboratory (HGABEL).The researcher employed an ex g facto design. A summative data form was designed and used with project data for testing eight null hypotheses. A significant positive linear correlation was found between teacher competency and student competency and the number of strategies used in both full and subset analyses. No significant correlation was found between the number of strategies used and student performance in both full and subset analyses. The number of strategies used did not add significantly to the predictability of student competency after teacher competency was considered.The conceptual understanding of secondary students should be the ultimate criterion by which the effectiveness of in-service programs is measured provided the assessment items are congruent with the student conceptual level of understanding. Teacher knowledge was the most highly associated predictor of student concept attainment.Department of Biology
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Francis, Lorien Young. "A High School Biology Teacher's Development Through a New Teaching Assignment Coupled with Teacher-Led Professional Development." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6469.
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This self-study examined the learning that emerged from a change in teaching assignment coupled with self-initiated, teacher-led professional development in order to understand a high school science teacher's development as a teacher. The two participants in the study were the teacher/researcher, an experienced high school biology teacher who was taking up a new assignment teaching biotechnology, an advanced science course; and a first-year teacher assigned to teach biotechnology, who served as collaborator in the professional development and critical friend in the study. In order to uncover the teacher/researcher's learning and thinking, self-study of teaching practice methodology most clearly met the demands of the study. Data emerged from three research conversations and included transcripts of the conversations, artifacts from the participants' practices, notes from meetings, and memos. Data were analyzed using constant comparative methods and the understandings generated are grounded in the data. The study reveals shifts in teacher identity as the expert teacher takes up novice roles, the challenges encountered when teacher knowledge is insufficient for the teaching task, and the experienced teacher's need to return to a place of expertise when faced with a new teaching context. The study finds that (a) teacher identity shifts and develops in new teaching contexts, and teaching expertise facilitates expert identity development in such contexts; (b) expert teacher knowledge mediates novice-ness when experiencing new teaching contexts such as new teaching assignments; and (c) teacher-led professional development is a viable model for professional development experiences and can lead to increased teacher knowledge. The author suggests that (a) teachers are capable of determining what they need to learn and how they might best learn it in a professional development setting; (b) teachers' specific contexts should be honored when designing professional development, which should be practice-centered, and special attention should be given to developing specific subject matter knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and science knowledge for teaching; and (c) capable others should be included in collaborative professional development teams.
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Jorstad, Susan. "An analysis of factors influencing the teaching of evolution and creation by Arizona high school biology teachers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280023.
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This study examined the amount of emphasis given by Arizona high school biology teachers to the topics of evolutionary theory and special creation, as explanations for the origin and diversity of life on earth. A questionnaire was mailed to all Arizona public high school biology teachers in March of 2000, to gather data on teachers' classroom practices and attitudes towards evolution and creation, information on teachers' educational and professional backgrounds, their religious preferences, and any perceptions of pressure regarding the teaching of evolution or creation from outside sources. Sixty-five percent (final n = 419) of the questionnaires were returned. Analysis confirmed that, while a strong majority (96%) of Arizona teachers gave some coverage to evolutionary theory, a significant proportion (33%) reported fewer than three class periods per semester in which evolution was a major topic; 10% left it out entirely. Fourteen percent of the teachers reported that they gave moderate-to-strong emphasis to religious explanations of the origins and diversity of life. It was unclear whether this was presented as an alternative scientific theory, or as religion or philosophy. Between ten and thirty percent also rejected the scientific validity of evolutionary theory, rejected the evolution of humans from ape-like ancestors, thought that religious explanations should be taught as part of high school biology classes, or agreed that creationism has a valid scientific foundation. The amount of emphasis given evolution by a teacher correlated positively with teaching experience, number of college classes in evolutionary biology taken by the teacher, the amount of in-service training a teacher had had on teaching evolutionary theory, and age. It correlated negatively with membership in Conservative Christian religious denominations and with degree of religious fervor. Interestingly, the possession of a degree in biological sciences (e.g., versus a degree in education) had no effect. When teacher attitudes (as measured by a series of opinion questions) were taken into account in multiple regression models, all variables except specific evolutionary biology coursework became non-significant. The only variables that correlated with teacher emphasis on creationism were Conservative Christian church membership and religious fervor---both positive correlations. Again, education had no effect.
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Eayrs, Ansel. "The effect of cognitive bias video instruction on high school biology student acceptance of evolution: Implications for teachers and educational leaders." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/63.
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Cognitive biases have long been studied for their effects on an individual's decision-making. This study is the first of its kind to link these preferential thinking patterns to high school biology students' acceptance of evolution. At five urban high schools, 164 high school biology students were surveyed using a new instrument called the Cognitive Bias Assessment For Science Students – Evolution. The CBASS-E assesses both the level of non-acceptance of evolution, as well as how intensely participants demonstrate four specific cognitive biases. The four biases measured on the CBASS-E are anchoring, bandwagon effect, confirmation bias, and wishful thinking. This study showed that confirmation bias closely relates to a student's view of evolution. As part of this research, students were shown a video designed to teach high school students about cognitive bias and its effect on science learning. Results indicated that both cognitive bias and views on evolution are persistent, as student responses did not significantly change after watching the video. Included in this research are implications for teachers and administrators, as well as suggestions for further areas of study.
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Hunter, Jeffrey C. "Student Engagement in a Computer Rich Science Classroom." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1426713813.
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Santos-galvão, Luzia Cristina de Melo. "Saberes experienciais dos professores de ciências e biologia do município de Aracaju: indícios de concepções sobre a aprendizagem dos alunos." Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática, 2013. http://ri.ufs.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5204.
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With the passing of time society has been transforming. This transformation, in most cases, is given by advancements and changes taking place as in ambit political as in technological, year after year, with great reflexes also in the educational field. Today, the teachers, when well advised, can rely on a technical and methods apparatus that may be used to assist their work on development of their classes and, in consequence, to facilitate the learning process of their students, particularly, in science education and biology. The research presented here has as objective unveiling the experiential knowledge of teachers of Science and Biology, two schools in the state education network in the city of Aracaju-Sergipe, through the evidence of conceptions about the student learning. How problematic we have the following questions: which teachers' conceptions of science and biology in relation: previous knowledge of the students; experimental activities, the use of educational games and audiovisual resources; research content in the classroom, the students' errors, and the evaluation process in the classroom, all these questions related to the student learning? Will teachers believe that for students to learn science and biology is necessary to adopt techniques and methods in their pedagogical practice? As a theoretical reference, we seek for broach the main theorists who talk so much about the process of student learning, how much the assumptions presented above, citing authors like: Vigotskii, Libâneo, Perrenould, Luckesi, among others. Concerning the nature and techniques of data collection, the research has a qualitative approach with phenomenological focus, using how instruments interviews, questionnaires and observations, having as contributions theoretical, authors as: Gil (1996), Laville and Dionne (1999), Milk (1999) and Triviños (1999). We found that teachers are aware of the need to innovate the way develop their lessons, by the use of methods and techniques different of traditional. However, we found some difficulties, such as: lack of materials, short class time assigned to disciplines, especially biology, lack of support at the time of development of their activities. Something extremely important was the similarities of the conceptions of teachers on research environments. Despite some differences in the physical aspect of the two schools, respondents forwarded the same difficulties earlier said.Com o passar do tempo a sociedade vem se transformando. Esta transformação, na maioria dos casos, se dá por avanços e mudanças que ocorrem tanto em âmbito político quanto em tecnológico, ano após ano, tendo grandes reflexos também no campo educacional. Hoje, os professores, quando bem assessorados, podem contar com um aparato de técnicas e métodos que podem ser utilizados para auxiliar o seu trabalho no desenvolvimento de suas aulas e, em consequência, facilitar o processo de aprendizagem dos alunos, em particular, no Ensino de Ciências e Biologia. A pesquisa aqui apresentada tem como objetivo desvelar os saberes experienciais dos professores de Ciências e de Biologia, de duas escolas da rede estadual de ensino no Município de Aracaju Sergipe, através dos indícios de concepções sobre a aprendizagem do aluno. Como problemática temos as seguintes questões: quais as concepções dos professores de Ciências e Biologia em relação: os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos; às atividades experimentais; à utilização de jogos educativos e recursos audiovisuais; à pesquisa de conteúdos em sala de aula; os erros dos alunos; e o processo avaliativo em sala de aula, todas estas questões relacionada à aprendizagem do aluno? Será que os professores acreditam que para os alunos aprenderem Ciências e Biologia é preciso adotar técnicas e métodos na sua prática pedagógica? Como referencial teórico, procuramos abordar os principais teóricos que discorrem tanto sobre o processo de aprendizagem do aluno quanto sobre os pressupostos anteriormente apresentados, citando autores, como: Vigotskii, Libâneo, Perrenould, Luckesi, dentre outros. Em relação à natureza e técnicas de coleta de dados, a pesquisa possui uma abordagem qualitativa com enfoque fenomenológico, utilizando como instrumentos entrevistas, questionários e observações, tendo como aportes teóricos os seguintes autores: Gil (1996), Laville e Dionne (1999), Leite (1999) e Triviños (1999). Observamos que os professores tem consciência da necessidade de inovar a forma como desenvolvem as suas aulas, pela utilização de técnicas e métodos diferentes dos tradicionais. Contudo, encontram algumas dificuldades, como: falta de materiais, curto tempo de aula atribuído às disciplinas, principalmente a de Biologia, falta de apoio no momento do desenvolvimento de suas atividades. Algo de extrema relevância, foi as semelhanças das concepções dos professores nos dois ambientes de pesquisa. Apesar de certas diferenças no aspecto físico das duas escolas, os pesquisados remeteram as mesmas dificuldades ditas anteriormente.
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Reising, Matthew D. "Bridging Biology Lectures and Labs Through Higher-Order Thinking." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1277142081.
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Yalcinoglu, Pelin. "Evolution as represented through argumentation a qualitative study on reasoning and argumentation in high school biology teaching practices /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1190123554.
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Goff, Lori Schultz. "Public Elementary School Teachers' Experiences With Implementing Outdoor Classrooms." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5624.
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Children experience limited time outdoors and have few opportunities for outdoor learning in schools, putting them at risk for being unprepared to engage in solving environmental and societal problems. Researchers have examined outdoor learning at the preschool and high school levels; elementary school experiences have been explored less frequently. Guided by a conceptual framework informed by social emotional learning (SEL), ecological literacy, and teacher self-efficacy, this study investigated public school elementary teachers' experiences with outdoor classrooms including barriers and supports to creating and using outdoor classrooms. A qualitative design using in-depth interviews with interpretive phenomenological analysis techniques was conducted with 9 elementary teachers who had at least 2 years of recent experience working with outdoor classrooms in the U. S. Pacific Northwest. Thematic analysis of interview data, using a combination of a priori and open coding, identified primary themes related to academic rigor, district policies and budgets, and motivations for teaching ecoliteracy. Barriers including a lack of time and money needed to teach effectively using outdoor classrooms and the need for a stronger integrated curriculum that connects SEL, environmental education, and Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) emerged as areas of concern. Recommendations based on these findings include ecoliteracy professional development for teachers which may contribute to positive social change by increasing teacher understanding of and involvement with outdoor learning and the integration of ecoliteracy in the pedagogy of K-6 programs.
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Fisher, Rachel. "Case Studies in Teaching Evolution: The Intersection of Dilemmas in Practice." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612569.
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Despite recent science education reform documents citing evolution as a core concept to be taught in grades K-12, research shows problems with how it is currently taught. Evolution is often avoided, teachers minimize its importance within biology, infuse misconceptions, and/or interject non-scientific ideologies into lessons. My research focused on how teachers in two geographically and culturally distinct school districts in the southwestern U.S. negotiate dilemmas during an evolution unit. One school district was rural and had a large population of Mormon students, while the other district was urban, with a large majority Mexican/Mexican-American students. Using a case study approach, I observed three biology teachers during their evolution lessons, interviewed them throughout the unit, co-planned lessons with them, and collected artifacts from this unit, including anonymous student work. I also included data from four genetics lessons for each teacher to determine if the issues that arose during the evolution unit were a result of the general practice of the teacher, or if they were unique to evolution. Findings showed teachers' backgrounds and comfort levels with evolution, in addition to their perceptions of community context, affected how they negotiated pedagogical, conceptual, political, and cultural dilemmas. This study's findings will inform in-service teachers' future practice and professional development tools to aid with their teaching-this may include methods to negotiate some of the political (e.g. state standards) or cultural (e.g. religious resistance) issues inherent to teaching evolution.
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Leopoldo, Lucas Dias. "Proposições para reflexão sobre a formação continuada de professores em ensino de Botânica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/155865.
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Esta investigação se dirige para o campo da Formação Continuada de professores de Biologia, mais especificamente para a análise de aspectos do Ensino de Botânica. As análises tiveram como base a seguinte questão “De que maneira subsídios originários da literatura acadêmica da educação em ciências e de reflexões de professores da educação básica podem contribuir para o planejamento de processos de formação de professores voltados ao trabalho com temas de Botânica no Ensino Médio?” De acordo com a questão de pesquisa, formulou-se um estudo que resultou em apontamentos, na identificação de problemas e características relativos a atividades de Formação Continuada para o Ensino de Botânica. Esse objetivo foi alcançado pelas contribuições trazidas pela literatura e produção acadêmica da área de Ensino de Botânica num conjunto de quatro movimentos de investigação teórica: A revisão bibliográfica de pesquisas e trabalhos sobre o Ensino de Botânica, o Ensino de Ciências e a Formação de Professores; a realização de levantamentos em cinco periódicos pertencentes à Área de Ensino da CAPES; a análise dos trabalhos sobre o Ensino de Botânica apresentados em todos os eventos do Encontro Nacional de Ensino de Biologia promovidos pela Associação Brasileira de Ensino de Biologia e a análise de trabalhos referentes aos Congressos Brasileiros de Botânica. Essas fontes de dados teóricos foram escolhidas por serem consideradas pelo autor, os âmbitos de maior relevância em quantidade de trabalhos e pesquisas sobre o Ensino de Botânica no Brasil. Após essa etapa o objetivo se direcionou para a identificação em entrevistas e questionários, das contribuições trazidas por dez professores de Biologia das redes de educação básica de São Paulo que trabalharam com o Ensino de Botânica. Os percursos trilhados por dessa pesquisa, permitem constatar a inexistência de grupos organizados de pesquisa em Ensino de Botânica, um número reduzido de trabalhos sobre a área em alguns âmbitos de levantamento, e uma situação de redução mais agravada quando se buscam os estudos sobre a Formação Continuada para o Ensino de Botânica. Foi possível identificar também de maneira parcial nas entrevistas, os problemas enfrentados pelos professores que trabalham na rede pública estadual, como o currículo que contribui para o desinteresse dos estudantes em Botânica, a baixa quantidade de cursos de formação voltados para essa área, as dificuldades em trabalhar com as propostas curriculares do estado, dentre outros.
This research is aimed at the field of continuing education of biology teachers, more specifically, for the analysis of aspects of botany teaching. The analyzes aim to answer the following question: "In what way subsidies originating from the academic literature of science education and reflections of teachers of basic education can contribute to the planning of teacher training processes to work with subjects of botany in High School? " According to the research question, a study was formulated that pointed out on propositions, and the identification of problems or characteristics of activities of continuing education in botany teaching. This objective was reached by the contributions brought by the literature and academic production of botany teaching in a set of four theoretical research movements: The bibliographic review of researches and works on the teaching of botany, science education and teacher training; the conduct of surveys in five periodicals belonging to the CAPES Multidisciplinary Area; the analysis of the works on the teaching of botany presented in all the events of Encontros Nacionais de Ensino de Biologia by the Associação Brasileira de Ensino de Biologia and the analysis of works of the Congressos Brasileiros de Botânica. These data sources were chosen because they are considered by the author, the most relevant scopes of work and research on the teaching of botany in Brazil. After this stage the objective was directed to the identification in interviews and questionnaires of the contributions brought by ten biology teachers of the basic education networks of São Paulo that worked with the teaching of botany. The paths taken by this research show that there are no organized research groups in botany teaching, a small number of studies on the area in some areas of study, and a situation of reduction more aggravated when research on training for the teaching of botany. It was also possible to identify in a partial way in the interviews the problems faced by teachers working in the state public network, such as the curriculum that contributes to the students' lack of interest in botany, the low number of training courses related to this area, difficulties in work with the curricular proposals of the state, among other problems.
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Frostelid, Sofia. "Föredrar förskolelärare biologi? : Blivande förskolelärares inställning till naturvetenskap och teknik." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-30975.
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The aim of this thesis was to find out if and why aspiring preschool teachers who study science and technology in their undergraduate courses show a greater interest in biology than the other subjects. The investigation was conducted on 64 students who during the time of this investigation, wrote thesis as the final step in their education. The to-be preschool teachers in the survey showed the greatest interest in the subject of biology, while interest in chemistry and physics turned out to be very low. Early childhood experience from preschool age can affect the view on a topic that a person later develops. It is therefore important that there are teachers in preschool that can help give children a positive image of all the natural sciences and technology.
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Hudson, Maren. "Examining the Understanding of Inquiry-Based Learning and Teaching Among Undergraduate Teachers and Students." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3338.
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One of the main aims of inquiry is to engage students as active, not passive, participants in science. The purpose of this study is to describe science educators’ and students’ views about inquiry-based instruction in order to better understand and improve implementation of evidence-based teaching strategies. Inquiry-based techniques have been shown to improve student understanding of scientific concepts, yet, there continue to be challenges in implementing these techniques. This research project utilizes Q Methodology, a research method that captures both common and disparate measures of subjectivity, to identify commonalities and defining viewpoints about inquiry-based teaching and learning. Three significantly different viewpoints were identified and each viewpoint represents differences in teaching styles and classroom environments. Additionally, consensus items reveal students and instructors highly value relating science to everyday life; however, a lack of importance is placed upon peer learning and use of open-ended questions.
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Svensson, Karin. "GEN- ETIK hur den nya biologins etik hanteras av gymnasielärare och läroböcker GENE-ETHICS - How the ethics of the new biology are handled by teachers and textbooks." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-35026.
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Casey, Cheryl. "Computer-Based Instruction as a Form of Differentiated Instruction in a Traditional, Teacher-led, Low-Income, High School Biology Classroom." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4437.
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In 2015 the U.S. continues to struggle with academic achievement in public schools. Average test scores from 15 year olds taking the Program for International Student Assessment placed the U.S. as 38th out of 71 countries (Drew Devlin, 2017). It is common to discuss elimination of the achievement gap as the single most effective way to improve the U.S.'s mediocre standing among the highest scoring countries in the world in primary and secondary student test scores (McGhee,2004; Flemming 2012). In the broadest sense of the term the "achievement gap" refers to the difference in academic success between different groups of students. It is often used to describe the lower performance of underprivileged student populations (National Education Association, 2004). Attempts to understand why this GAP exists and how educators may narrow such GAPs, researchers have identified both large class size and lack of personalized instruction as two conditions that commonly accompany lower academic achieving student populations (Lee and Buxton, 2008).
Although there is a wealth of literature attempting to assess the effect of class size, few studies have defined small and large class sizes. In her research, Sarah Leahy (2006) defines a small class as one containing between 13 and 17 students and a regular class as one containing between 22 and 25. For the purposes of this research, a large classroom is defined as one with over 25 students.
In theory, computer-based instruction (CBI) offers great potential to expand on the concept of personalized instruction. However, there is very little research available that describes how this tool can be used to effectively enhance the classroom learning process. This study examines the impact of providing computer-based instruction (CBI) or teacher-led instruction on students of various achievement levels enrolled in a traditional, high school biology classroom. The high school in which this research as conducted is a Title One (low income) identified school. 111 from four sections of freshman high school biology, were randomly divided into two learning groups per section. Both groups in each section were taught one 50-minute lesson on cellular biology. One group received the lesson from CBI while the other group from teacher-led instruction. The impact on learning was measured by the change in pre- and post-test scores. All students in each section received the same lesson content which was provided in the same classroom concurrently. Data from 82 students that returned signed parental consent forms and took the pre-test on day one, the lesson on day two, and the post-test on day three, were analyzed in this study.
Results: The twenty students ranked as high academic achievers scored the highest correct answers on pre- and post-tests (mean 7.1 and 9.4 respectively). Improvement in test scores, measured as mean number of additional correct answers on the post-test, for the high achievers was equal whether they received CBI or teacher-led instruction (+1.72 and +1.75 respectively). Twenty-seven middle ranked academic achieving students also showed a statistically equal degree of improvement from each instructional platform. However, middle students that scored the highest pre-test scores also produced the highest improvement from CBI. The thirty-five low academic achieving students produced the highest improvement in test scores overall from teacher-led instruction and produced a mean negative change in post-test scores from CBI (mean +2.13 and -.68 respectively). Findings from this study suggest that in a classroom setting, higher academic achieving students will learn equally well from CBI or from a teacher while lower achievers benefit more from small group, teacher-led instruction.
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Malacarne, Vilmar. "Os professores de química, física e biologia da região oeste do Paraná: formação e atuação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-14062007-164949/.
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O presente trabalho busca compreender qual foi o processo formativo dos professores que hoje atuam no ensino médio nas disciplinas de Química, Física e Biologia a partir da realidade presente na região de cobertura do Núcleo Regional de Educação da cidade de Cascavel PR. Apresenta também qual a realidade de atuação destes professores e como compreendem alguns aspectos básicos da construção do conhecimento científico. O texto apresenta uma discussão teórica a respeito da formação de professores assim como a respeito da expansão do ensino superior no Brasil. Teve, na sua pesquisa de campo, dois momentos distintos: uma aplicação de questionário a todos os professores das disciplinas discutidas, em todas as escolas sob a supervisão do Núcleo de Educação citado e, num segundo momento, uma entrevistas com um professor de cada um dos 18 município que compreendem a região. Os resultados encontrados apresentam uma realidade de sérios problemas de formação destes professores assim como um complexo quadro de atuação, não condizente, em muitos casos, com a formação inicial recebida. Tais situações apontam para a necessidade de que novas perspectivas sejam adotadas nos cursos de formação de professores das áreas abordadas pela pesquisa; que urgentes encaminhamentos sejam dados para suprir as deficiências de formação daqueles que hoje atuam em sala de aula na região nestas disciplinas, e que se busque adequar a atuação dos professores em conformidade com a sua área de formação ou, enquanto a realidade dos professores que atuam em áreas distintas daquela de sua formação se mantiver, sejam implementados cursos de capacitação para os mesmos.The present paper has the objective of comprehending what was the formative process of the teachers who work nowadays as Chemistry, Physics and Biology high school teachers, this work has been done considering the present reality of the area covered by the Núcleo Regional de Educação (Regional Education Nucleus) in the city of Cascavel PR. It also shows these teachers acting reality and how they comprehend some basic aspects of the scientific knowledge construction. The text presents a theoretical discussion concerning the teachers\' formation as well as the higher education expansion in Brazil. It had in its field research two distinct moments: First all the teachers had to fill up a questionnaire on the disciplines discussed, this questionnaire was carried out in all schools under the Núcleo de Educação supervision, and then, there was an interview with one of the 18 teachers who belonged to the 18 cities of the region. The results found have shown a serious reality of problems concerning the teachers\' formation as well as a complex acting scene, which does not, in many cases, agree with the initial formation received. Such situations point to a necessity of adopting new perspectives in the teachers\' formation courses in the areas shown in the research and that some orientation should be given to supply the formation necessities of those who nowadays are teaching these disciplines in this region. We also see the necessity of adapting the teachers\' acting according to their formation area, and improvement courses will be necessary in the cases of teachers who will remain acting in an area which is different from their formation.
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Pinho, Maria José Souza. "Gênero em biologia no ensino médio: uma análise de livros didáticos e discurso docente." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2009. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10997.
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Este estudo, fundamentado nas premissas teóricas dos Estudos de Gênero e Feministas,objetivou a análise dos livros didáticos de Biologia, dentre aqueles indicados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático para o Ensino Médio - PNLEM distribuídos no ano de 2007 para todas as escolas da rede pública brasileira, bem como dos discursos dos professores e das professoras de biologia durante sua prática pedagógica. A pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, também incluiu dados quantitativos por se entender que as duas abordagens se adequavam à elucidação das questões propostas e objetivos formulados. O estudo se ancora no campo das epistemologias feministas. Para a análise de dados, foram utilizados elementos da análise do discurso, teoria que avalia as estratégias discursivas que legitimam as hierarquias, naturalizam a exclusão e disseminam ideologias. O campo empírico, no que diz respeito aos livros analisados, foi composto de cinco obras, contabilizando onze volumes, a saber: duas obras de volume único e três coleções de três volumes, selecionadas por serem as coleções mais utilizadas nas escolas de Salvador e cinco docentes da rede estadual de Salvador/BA, que adotaram os respectivos livros didáticos em suas unidades escolares. Os docentes sujeitos da pesquisa pertencem à Rede Pública de Ensino Médio da Cidade de Salvador. Os resultados revelam como estereótipos e assimetrias do gênero estão expressos nos livros didáticos analisados, reconhecendo-se que eles constituem instrumento de apoio para professores e professoras e seus textos produzem significados e sentidos. Além disso, o discurso dos docentes contribui para a formação da identidade de gênero de seus/suas discentes, por reproduzir, por meio da linguagem, sentidos que reiteram a hegemonia masculina e androcêntrica. Os resultados da pesquisa de campo confrontados com o referencial teórico fornecem elementos que sugerem a marca de gênero nos livros didáticos e no discurso docente.
Salvador
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Sandberg, Ylva. "Bilingual subject-specific literacies? Teachers’ and learners’ views and experiences of two school languages in biology, civics, history and mathematics : Case studies from the Swedish upper secondary school." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för språkdidaktik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-159542.
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This licentiate thesis investigates teachers’ and students’ cognitions of bilingual subject-specific literacies. The thesis builds on three different studies, referred to as case studies, conducted in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) study programmes in the Swedish upper secondary school. Participants’ views and experiences of two languages of schooling, English and Swedish, were elicited in interviews, and analysed thematically. To gain understanding of the three studies in combination, a further analytical framework was developed and tested. In this analysis, participants’ descriptions, explanations and reflections on teaching and learning curriculum content bilingually emerged as three-dimensional discourses. In the first study, new and experienced teachers’ challenges and strategies were in focus. The biology and civics teachers, who were new teachers, and new to CLIL, found teaching through the second language of schooling, English, time-consuming and demanding. They expressed concern about limited communication and learning in the classroom. The mathematics teachers, who had long teaching experience, and of teaching in the CLIL programme, had developed strategies to meet perceived challenges, for example, they had designed parts of lessons in a monolingual mode, and parts of lessons in a bilingual mode. The second study explored intermediate CLIL teachers’ rationales for language choice in teaching. The biology and history teachers found that access to English, as afforded through the CLIL framework, coincided well with the new syllabi for their school subjects. For instance, the history teachers could use web-based study materials in English in class, and found teaching and learning more authentic than in the mainstream, Swedish-speaking, study programmes. The biology teachers mentioned that access to English terminology facilitated the teaching and learning of complex subject-specific content areas. It functioned as a potential source to enhance students’ understanding. The third study documented students ́cognitionsof CLIL. The views of upper secondary students studying curriculum content through English were overall positive. However, results showed that their experiences of CLIL varied with school subject. Whereas studying mathematics through English was reported to be conducive to learning and understanding, learning civics through English only, or trying to listen to lectures in civics, where teachers would change languages seemingly without a rationale, were perceived as less conducive to learning.At the time of the licentiate defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: In press.
Content and Language Integration in Swedish Schools (CLISS)
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Costa, Izelma de Souza [UNESP]. "Análise da formação e da prática em educação sexual de professores/as de Ciências e Biologia de escolas estaduais de Macapá/AP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/142864.
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Governo do Estado do Amapá
O presente estudo buscou conhecer a formação e a prática em educação sexual e sexualidade dos/as professores/as de Ciências e Biologia de algumas escolas estaduais de Macapá. Para tanto, empregou a pesquisa qualitativa. Assim, para a escuta dos/as participantes, optou-se pelo emprego de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados obtidos apontam que a maioria dos/as professores/as não recebeu nenhum tipo de formação acerca desta temática durante a formação inicial. Dentre os/as que afirmaram ter obtido alguma instrução acerca da educação sexual, constatou-se que esta foi de natureza estritamente biológica com enfoque nos caracteres anatômicos, fisiológicos e embriológicos. Identificou-se também que, embora a secretaria de educação do estado do Amapá possua um departamento cuja função é auxiliar o/a professor/a com as questões que envolvem a sexualidade, nas escolas da rede estadual até o momento não existe, na prática, nenhum programa ou curso de formação continuada para o/as profissionais que se disponibilizam ou tem interesse em trabalhar com as questões envoltas pelo tema. Assim, devido a falta de conhecimentos básicos em sexualidade, os/as professores/as apenas reproduzem conteúdos que se distanciam das necessidades e envolvimento do/as alunos/as. Por isso, sugere-se o investimento maciço na formação continuada dos/as professore/as de Ciências e ou Biologia da rede estadual de educação da citada cidade no que se refere à sexualidade, sobretudo, direcionada aos profissionais que já se encontram atuando, de maneira a afiançar profissionais aptos a atuar com educação sexual no citado estado. Além disso, urge mais estudos e pesquisas que possam colaborar para a compreensão e viabilidade da educação sexual nas escolas de Macapá e, por conseguinte do Estado do Amapá.
This study was done to analyze the achieved training and work experience in sex education and sexuality of teachers of Science and Biology of some public state schools in Macapá (North of Brazil). Therefore the qualitative research was used. Thus, to interview the participants, the semi-structured interview method was used. The results indicate that most teachers did not receive any training on this subject during their graduation. Among those who claimed to have obtained some education about sexual education, it was found that this tuition was strictly a biological nature with focus on anatomy, physiology and embryology. It was also identified that in the Amapá state, the public education department has a subdivision whose role is to assist teachers with doubts regarding sexuality in schools, despite that, by now it does not exist in practice a program on continuing education course for professionals who are interested in working with the issues that this theme brings. Thus, due to the lack of basic knowledge on sexuality, the professionals only talk about contents that are not correlated to the needs of the students. Hence, many investments in continuing education in sexuality are suggested for teachers of Science and or Biology in the state of the mentioned city, especially directed to professionals who are already working with it as a way to support professionals able to work with sex education in that state. There should also be more studies and research that can contribute to the understanding and viability of sex education in schools of Macapá and consequently the State of Amapá.
GEA: 5987
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Peixoto, Dezyrê Mendes. "Concepções pedagógicas de professores de ciências e biologia em escolas públicas de Goiânia – GO: a pedagogia da realidade e a fragilidade das raízes." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8886.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In this research, we approached Pedagogical Conceptions that are manifested in practice and Brazilian pedagogical ideology, considering that they are based on socio-historical, philosophical, political and economic movements, and that they express the temporality of the thoughts in the educational field. The main objective of this study was to analyze the discourse and the action of teachers of Science and Biology, temporary and effective in Goiânia, and its relation with the initial formation of these teachers. The qualitative approach was adequate to the objectives and given the specificity of the reality in research and the subjects involved, the research was developed through a case study. The data were collected with the teachers, using questionnaire, interview and observation, as well as documentary analysis, regarding documents from different periods. For the data treatment, content analysis and triangulation were used. The study points out that teachers act in a complex and contradictory reality, with little radicality and objectivity in relation to the Pedagogical Conceptions. The pedagogical practice of these teachers is influenced by current educational policies, and their training has given priority to the professional biologist to the detriment of the professional teacher. This way, that happens during the school year, is articulated to the knowledge built by the teachers and is expressed by a Pedagogy of its own, that of reality. The roots, understood here as initial formation, seem fragile in terms of the philosophical, epistemological and historical concepts of Pedagogical Conceptions and in relation to the teaching of Science and Biology. The results of this research invite us to discuss and reflect on the weaknesses of teacher education, in the didactic-pedagogical aspect as well as on the working conditions of teachers. They are also an invitation to undergraduate courses, to the teachers of formation, to the teachers of basic education and to the students, to the rescue of the Pedagogical Conceptions and their appropriation, articulated to the history of Science Teaching and the present reality, as an element of resistance and of improvement for Science Education.
Neste trabalho, abordou-se as Concepções Pedagógicas que se manifestam na prática e no ideário pedagógico brasileiro, considerando que as mesmas estão baseadas em movimentos sócio-históricos, filosóficos, políticos e econômicos, e que expressam a temporalidade dos pensamentos no campo educacional. Para tanto, o estudo teve como principal objetivo, analisar o discurso e a ação de professores de Ciências e Biologia, temporários e efetivos da Rede Estadual, em Goiânia, e a relação destes com a formação inicial destes professores. A abordagem qualitativa se fez adequada aos objetivos e dada a especificidade da realidade em investigação e dos sujeitos envolvidos, a pesquisa se desenvolveu por meio de um estudo de caso. Os dados foram coletados junto aos professores, utilizando questionário, entrevista e observação, e análise documental, relativa aos documentos de diferentes períodos que nortearam a formação dos docentes. Para o tratamento dos dados, empregou-se a análise de conteúdo e a triangulação. O estudo aponta que os professores atuam em uma realidade complexa e contraditória, com pouca radicalidade e objetividade em relação às Concepções Pedagógicas. Por um lado, a prática pedagógica desses professores sofre influências das políticas educacionais vigentes, sua formação, por outro lado, se deu priorizando o profissional biólogo em detrimento do profissional professor. Desta forma, o que acontece ao longo do ano letivo, articula-se aos saberes construídos pelos docentes e expressa-se por uma Pedagogia própria, a da realidade. As raízes, compreendidas aqui como formação inicial, parecem frágeis no que se refere aos conceitos filosóficos, epistemológicos e históricos das Concepções Pedagógicas e na sua relação com o ensino de Ciências e de Biologia. Assim, os resultados desta investigação nos convidam a discutir e refletir sobre as fragilidades da formação docente, no aspecto didático-pedagógico bem como sobre as condições de trabalho dos professores. São também um convite aos cursos de licenciatura, aos professores formadores, aos professores da educação básica e aos licenciandos, para o resgate das Concepções Pedagógicas e para sua apropriação, articuladas à história do Ensino de Ciências e a atual realidade, como elemento de resistência e de melhoria para a Educação em Ciências.
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Rigolon, Rafael Gustavo [UNESP]. "Analogias quantitativas como estratégia didática na formação inicial de professores de Biologia e Física." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/142843.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
As analogias quantitativas são comparações que os professores fazem entre domínios diferentes para dar uma ideia mais compreensível sobre as medidas dos objetos. Geralmente, comparam objetos de medidas de difícil visualização, como as astronômicas e as microscópicas, com objetos do conhecimento dos alunos. Muitos professores e licenciandos de Biologia e de Física recorrem às analogias quantitativas em suas aulas ou outras atividades de ensino para torná-las mais atrativas e compreensíveis. Entretanto, o uso da analogia quantitativa exige certos cuidados por parte do educador para que esta funcione de fato e cumpra seu papel de facilitar o entendimento de uma determinada grandeza física ou de uma quantidade de objetos. Para colaborar com a qualidade do ensino de Ciências, especificamente o de Biologia e o de Física, esta pesquisa procurou saber como os licenciandos empregam as analogias quantitativas em situações de ensino e como uma instrução a respeito, de caráter reflexivo, em um curso de licenciatura em Biologia pode contribuir para um uso dessas analogias mais estruturado, dinâmico e com mais participação dos alunos. Além disso, pretendeu-se conhecer se as analogias apareceram dentre as estratégias didáticas elaboradas pelos licenciandos e que saberes mobilizam para o ensino de macro e micromedidas. Os dados foram constituídos por meio de um questionário escrito e de observações de oficinas ministradas durante o Estágio Supervisionado por licenciandos concluintes de Biologia e Física de duas universidades públicas (de Minas Gerais e São Paulo). Desses, uma turma de licenciandos de Biologia participou de uma intervenção pedagógica antes do preparo das oficinas, que abordou estratégias de ensino para macro e micromedidas. As respostas dos questionários passaram por uma Análise Estatística Descritiva e as transcrições das observações das oficinas por Análise de Discurso. Os resultados mostraram que os licenciandos: fazem grande uso de analogias quantitativas, mesmo sem considerá-las como estratégias didáticas; dizem preferir analogias quantitativas para explicar grandes medidas, mas na prática empregar majoritariamente os modelos em escala; dentre os tipos de analogia quantitativa, fazem mais uso das analogias de grandeza (a = k.b) do que de proporção (a/b = c/d); quando não instruídos a respeito, replicam analogias da literatura e da cultura em vez de produzi-las ou solicitar que os alunos as construam; costumam utilizar objetos muito pequenos, dos quais o número de vezes a que devem ser multiplicados para igualar ao objeto alvo é demasiado grande e, por isso, didaticamente inválido. As experiências de vida dos licenciandos apareceram nos objetos do domínio base das analogias produzidas, mostrando a importância de saberes construídos em situações não formais de ensino. Portanto, os licenciandos devem ser preparados à vida docente com o hábito da reflexão sobre suas práticas, pois assim poderá contar com estratégias didáticas mais variadas e apropriadas para as situações de ensino. O professor/licenciando que vai além de uma mera atuação técnica, reflete sobre suas ações na escola e se questiona: “se eu utilizar tal analogia, os alunos aprenderão (melhor)?” Esta pesquisa pretendeu, desse modo, colaborar com o reconhecimento do uso de analogias quantitativas como uma estratégia didática para o Ensino das Ciências.
Quantitative analogies are comparisons used by teachers, or professors about different domains, to give students a more understandable idea about objects’ measures. Generally, they compare objects difficult to visualize measures, such as the astronomic and microscopic ones, with objects known by the students. Many teachers and undergraduate students of Biology and Physics, future teachers, use quantitative analogies in their classes or other educational activities to make them more suitable and understandable to students. However, the use of quantitative analogy requires certain care for the teacher to make this really work and fulfill its role to facilitate the understanding of a certain physical quantity or a quantity of objects. In order to collaborate with the science teaching quality, specifically biology and physics teaching, this research looked into how the preservice teachers employ quantitative analogies in teaching situations and how an instruction about analogies, of reflective character, in an undergraduate Biology program may contribute to make students more involved. In addition, this study sought to know if the analogies appeared among the teaching strategies developed by preservice teachers and which knowledge they mobilize in the teaching of macro and micromeasures. The data were constituted by means of a written questionnaire and remarks of workshops given during the supervised internship for future Biology and Physics teachers from two public universities in Brazil (in Minas Gerais and São Paulo State). From this sample, a group of perservice biology teachers participated in an educational intervention prior to the preparation of workshops that addressed teaching strategies for macro and micromeasures. The answers to the questionnaires underwent a statistical descriptive analysis and the transcripts of workshops remarks through discourse analysis. The results showed that the future teachers: make quite a lot the use of quantitative analogies, even without considering them as teaching strategies; they declare to prefer quantitative analogies to explain great measures, but in practice mainly employ scale models; among the types of quantitative analogy, they make more use of greatness analogies (a = k.b) than the ratio (a/b = c/d); when not instructed about, they replicate analogies from the literature and culture instead of producing them or ask students to build them; normally they use very small objects of which the number of times must be multiplied to equal the target object is too large and, therefore, invalid in terms of didactic. The life experiences of these future teachers appeared in the basic domain objects of analogies produced, showing the importance of the knowledge built in nonformal teaching situations. Therefore, they should be prepared to their professional life with the habit of reflection on their practices, so they can count with a variety and apropriate teaching strategies. The teacher/future teacher which goes beyond a mere technical performance, reflects on his actions in school and asks him/herself: "if I use this analogy, students will learn (better)"? This research intended, thus, to collaborate with the recognition of the use of quantitative analogies as a teaching strategy for improve the Science Teaching.
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Greiner, Calina Martins. "A metodologia oficinas de aprendizagem e a interdisciplinaridade: pesquisa e desenvolvimento voltados ao ensino de Biologia." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1915.
Full textAbstract:
Acompanha: Guia de sequências didáticasA presente pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos professores de Biologia inseridos na Metodologia Oficinas de Aprendizagem para o planejamento e elaboração de suas aulas. Para a realização desta pesquisa foram discutidos os Aspectos Históricos e Tendências para o Ensino de Biologia, o Ensino por Investigação, a Interdisciplinaridade e a Metodologia Oficinas de Aprendizagem. Quanto à coleta e à análise de dados, foi desenvolvida pesquisa-ação qualitativa que teve como sujeitos os professores de Biologia da Rede de Ensino Colégio Sesi, totalizando 20 professores participantes, provenientes de várias unidades do Estado. As informações foram obtidas por meio de um questionário composto por questões abertas para o levantamento de dados referentes às dificuldades e sugestões dos professores de Biologia acerca de suas atividades docentes enquanto inseridos na Metodologia Oficinas de Aprendizagem. Os professores consultados relataram os principais desafios enfrentados para o desenvolvimento de suas aulas, onde pode-se destacar como os principais resultados a falta de materiais para aulas práticas, a dificuldade em realizar o trabalho interdisciplinar e as disciplinas nas quais há maior dificuldade em elaborar atividades compartilhadas com Biologia, como Língua Inglesa, Arte e Sociologia. A partir dos resultados obtidos pelos questionários e com o auxílio dos professores produziu-se o produto da presente pesquisa, um Guia de Sequências Didáticas de Biologia, contendo sugestões de aulas interdisciplinares e atividades contextualizadas com conteúdos de outras disciplinas que visam facilitar a prática docente e promover a interdisciplinaridade no Ensino Médio.
This research aimed to determine the challenges faced by Biology teachers who make use of a method of Learning Workshop in the planning and preparation of their lessons. For this research, historical aspects and trends for Biology education, interdisciplinarity and Learning Workshop methods were discussed. As far as the collection and analysis of data is concerned, Qualitative Action Research was applied. This involved 20 participating Biology teachers from many different School Education Network (SESI) members in the State of Paraná. The information was obtained through an open-ended questionnaire to obtain data relating to difficulties and the suggestions of biology teachers about their teaching activities while being involved in Learning Workshop method. The key results highlighted the lack of material for practical classes, the difficulty in performing interdisciplinary work, and those subjects or courses where the greatest difficulty in preparing shared activities with biology, such as English Language, Art and Sociology was experienced. From the results obtained through the questionnaires, together with the help of teachers, the product of this research was a lesson plan guide that assisted in teaching Biology. It contained suggestions for interdisciplinary classes and contextualized activities with content from other school subjects to facilitate the teaching practice and promote interdisciplinarity in High School Education.