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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Science and technology libraries'
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1
Cowan, Barbara Mary. "Public libraries, training and the impact of information technology : a comparative study of public libraries in Canada and England." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14445/.
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Training is increasingly required as technology brings wide sweeping changes to the ways in which traditional library activities are administered. The purpose of this thesis was to collect and analyse information on training, on the use of information technology and the training given for it, and how the technology In use has Impacted on training in selected public libraries. Semi structured interviews formed the basis of the data collection on training in the English and Canadian libraries. While concentrating on the types of information technology introduced and hence what training is required, the researcher also uses examples from training programmes covering other issues, or relating to non automated situations, if this elucidates a specific point. Training has become a key activity in public libraries and the interview data establishes this hypothesis. The IT introduced and currently in use in public library systems determines the training offered which in tum impacts on the Individual staff member, the organisation and the library community as a whole. This demonstrates that the introduction of technology does modify the training required. The organisational structure flattens after technology is introduced; the role of middle managers undergoes significant changes while the blurring of job boundaries between different levels of staff dramatically alters the role of paraprofessionals. Other areas where significant changes are taking place include the need for a more highly educated and skilled workforce; whether deskilling has happened; the need for improved interpersonal skills; and the creation of new specialist positions. IT stresses a team not an individual approach and training needs to reflect this. Further it is demonstrated that using the technology itself for training is on the increase: CBT (Computer based training) can be used for a wide range of repetitive tasks, particularly those associated with the circulation desk and be used with simulations in management situations.
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Talwar, Sonia. "Spatializing science and technology studies : exploring the role of GIS and interactive social research." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/755.
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This thesis is an interdisciplinary study based on the interplay between science, technology and society in order to inform the design of knowledge exploration systems. It provides a rationale for the integration of science knowledge, geographic information, with digital libraries to build knowledge and awareness about sustainability. A theoretical reconceptualization of knowledge building is provided that favours interactive engagement with information and argues against a traditional model of science production and communication that is linear and unidirectional. The elements of contextualization, classification and communication form the core of the reconceptualization. Since many information systems entrench the traditional model of science production, the three elements are considered in light of library and information science and geographic information science. The use of geographic information systems is examined to identify how they can be used as part of a social learning model for scientific, social, cultural, and environmental issues to further assist people in connecting to place and sustainability. Empirical data was collected from four case studies. One case study centred on the design and development of a web-based digital library called the Georgia Basin Digital Library, another two case studies focused on the use of part of this digital library with youth, senior and environmental groups in south-western British Columbia. The remaining case study observed a community deliberation to consider how knowledge exploration systems might support deliberation in future processes. The case study research confirms that collaborative research with communities is a fruitful way to engage with sustainability issues. Such collaborations require consideration of institutional arrangements, information collections, relationship building, technology transfer and capacity building.
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Kader, Abdullah Abdul. "Research and development in science and technology in GCC countries : role of information centres and libraries." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1997. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7441.
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This research study identifies the role of library and information centres at the major science and technology related universities and research institutes in the six GeC countries i.e. Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates, in relation to the institutes/organisations research and development activities. It also had a comparative aspect in that it examined information resources and information services available in the institutes/organisations under study with users perceptions on the effectiveness and efficiency of library and information services. A survey research design utilizing questionnaires was chosen as the most appropriate and effective method for gathering the data needed with intensive interviews with academe, Deans/Directors of Library Information Centres and R&D personnel to answer the study's research questions. The different populations were queried including the Chief Executives of institutes/organisations, Deans/Directors of Library and Information Centres and selected R&D personnel associated with them. It was found that in spite of large library collections and a number of de-centralised library systems in all the universities, information services available to the R&D personnel were inadequate. The fmdings of this investigation provided the means for the development of the proposed regional and national library/information network systems for successful library and information services model presented in this study. As an alternative a GeC infonnation subsystem GCC-SIST has been recommended along with emphasis on an electronic information system.
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Dillon, Andrew. "User acceptance of information technology." London: Taylor and Francis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105880.
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This item is not the definitive copy. Please use the following citation when referencing
this material: Dillon, A. (2001) User Acceptance of Information Technology. In: W.
Karwowski (ed). Encyclopedia of Human Factors and Ergonomics. London: Taylor and
Francis. Introduction:
Despite significant investments in information technology in developed nations over
recent decades, concern exists over the extent to which such expenditures have produced
the intended benefits. At least part of this concern is based around the issue of whether
any information technology is accepted by its intended users. Human factors
professionals are interested in understanding the determinants of acceptance and ensuring
new designs are built and implemented so as to minimize resistance. This concern has
extended the traditional ergonomic concern with usability, or ability to use, to cover
acceptance, or willingness to use.
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Engström, Martin. "Use and Development of Information Technology at two University Libraries in Costa Rica." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of ALM, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-101545.
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Ginger, Jeff. "Capturing the context of digital literacy| A case study of Illinois public libraries in underserved communities." Thesis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3740454.
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This dissertation study examines the role of the public library in fostering digital literacies in underserved Illinois communities. Over the course of two years I collected data on the library as an institution, and as a context, by investigating people, policies, activities and infrastructure related to how individuals learn, comprehend and apply digital technologies in collaboration with and in relation to the library. The data was collected during visits to libraries in sixteen locations around the state with significant levels of poverty, including a selection of rural localities and predominantly African American and Latino communities. Research methods included several kinds of site observation as well as interviews with librarians. As a collective whole, these case studies yield a series of interesting and surprising stories that reflect some of the connections between social roles and service roles, as well as the particular innovations and challenges present in underserved communities.
These findings support a number of related theories and initiatives, including the need to reconstruct digital literacy as digital literacies , in the plural, and the impetus to see them primarily as a function of community engagement, especially in underserved community settings. The data suggests that library roles related to digital literacy are changing in several substantial ways. First, libraries are moving beyond merely providing internet to proactively promoting assisted public computing. Second, they are shifting their view of themselves as a community space to include leadership in community networking. Finally, they are working to cultivate information experiences that progress beyond consumption to involve a dimension of generative learning.
When considered in conversation with existing scholarship, these findings have important implications: they show new avenues for research into diversity and social inclusion, critical discourse analysis and dynamic models for learning. They also suggest new directions for the field of Library and Information Science (LIS) and offer a compelling reason for libraries to both participate in and help guide movements and initiatives to promote digital literacies.
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Mabweazara, Rangarirai Moira. "Use of social media tools by library staff at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa and the National University of Science and Technology, Zimbabwe." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4120.
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Magister Artium - MAAcademic libraries in the economically developed countries have taken the lead in adopting and appropriating various social media platforms to enhance services offered to their patrons. However, there are many unanswered questions on how libraries in the economically developing countries of the South, Africa in particular, are using social media in their service delivery, as well as in the personal lives of their librarians. Against this backdrop, this study investigated how librarians at the University of the Western Cape (UWC), South Africa and the National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Zimbabwe deploy and appropriate social media technologies. It examined the familiarity, benefits, challenges as well as the factors shaping and constraining the use of social media by academic librarians in the two institutions. In doing so, the study adopted the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by Fred Davis (1989) as its conceptual framework. Methodologically, the study deployed a Web-based questionnaire (administered via e-mail) with 59 academic librarians at UWC and 40 academic librarians at NUST. To ensure the validity of the study the questionnaire was pretested among a few librarians at the NUST. The findings of the study show that UWC librarians are more adept at appropriating social media applications than NUST librarians. The study further revealed that UWC librarians are directly in charge of managing social media whereas at NUST the Information Technology (IT) department is responsible for managing the applications. Similarly, while UWC Library largely uses social media for marketing their services, NUST library uses the platforms for reference services. The study also notes that there is a thin line between personal and professional uses of social media. In particular, personal uses of the platforms have a direct influence on their use in work-related contexts. Some of the motivating factors for the use of social media by librarians across both universities are: patron demand, low cost, ease of use and functionality. The study also highlights the factors militating against the effective use social media and recommends that library management for both institutions should put in place supportive policies to encourage their effective use for the benefit of service users.
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Li, Yunzeng. "The standards of bibliographic description for the materials in libraries in an information technology age." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317556.
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Arora, Jagdish, and Pawan Agrawal. "Indian Digital Library in Engineering Science and Technology (INDEST) Consortium: Consortia-Based Subscription to Electronic Resources for Technical Education System in India: A Government of India Initiative." Information and Library Network Centre, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105608.
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The Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) has set-up a â Consortia-based Subscription to Electronic Resources for Technical Education System in Indiaâ on the recommendations made by the Expert Group appointed by the ministry. The consortium is named as the Indian National Digital Library in Science and Technology (INDEST) Consortium. The INDEST Consortium has commenced its operation since Dec., 2002 through its headquarters at the IIT Delhi. The Consortium subscribes to full-text electronic resources and bibliographic databases for 38 leading engineering and technological institutions in India including IITs (7), IISc (1), NITs / RECs (17), IIMs (6) and a few other institutions directly funded by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD). While the expenditure on electronic resources proposed for subscription under the consortium for these 38 institutions are being met from the funds made available by the MHRD, the consortium being an open-ended proposition, welcomes all other institutions to join it on their own for sharing benefits it offers in terms of highly discounted subscription rates and better terms of agreement with the publishers. Moreover, beneficiary institutions may also subscribe to additional electronic resources through the consortium that are not being funded by the MHRD. This article introduces the INDEST Consortium, its activities and services.
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Venetis, Mary Jo. "Identification of Remote Leadership Patterns in Academic and Public Libraries." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9017/.
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Seminal works on leadership, including those in librarianship define a traditional model of interaction between leaders and followers without reference to the information technology-driven environment. In addition, remote leadership indicates a different model from the traditional model, one that is focused on the interaction of leaders and their staff through digital technology. Although leaders still use face-to-face interaction, due to varied work schedules or job responsibilities, they also recognize the need to lead employees remotely. Leadership studies in library literature have not addressed how library leaders use information technology to lead employees remotely, nor have these studies addressed remote leadership and remote employees, except for some articles on telecommuting. As a result, this research was conducted to address this gap, providing an exploratory foundation of emergent patterns of remote leadership with its associated leadership dimensions rooted in personality traits, behaviors, and skills. Quantitative and qualitative data were obtained from a small sample size of academic and public-library leaders in the United States who participated in a Web-based survey designed specifically for this study, limiting generalizations. Factor analysis was the principal methodology used to obtain findings. Its composite factor scores were also used in the t-test and chi-square analyses. This study identifies some emergent patterns of remote leadership in the library and information-science field, exploring whether library leaders use information technology to be effective remote leaders in a technology-driven environment, and whether existing leadership attributes could be identified as part of the remote-leadership model. Because this study's findings indicated that library leaders are not quite the traditional leader but are not fully integrated into remote leadership, it becomes apparent that they would function with a blend of both face-to-face and electronic interactions, due to the nature of library work. Additionally, this research revealed underlying issues and challenges faced by library leaders as they transition from a traditional-leadership model to a blended model of face-to-face and remote leadership. Future research could include increasing the sample size and response rate to conduct factor analysis properly, and conducting longitudinal studies.
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Henry, Nancy Lynn. "An Investigation of Tool Mediation in the Research Activity of Eighth-Grade Students." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/371919.
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Teaching & LearningPh.D.
Technology and a variety of resources play an important role in students’ educational lives. Vygotsky’s (1987) theory of tool mediation suggests that cultural tools, such as computer software influence individuals’ thinking and action. However, it is not completely understood how technology and other resources influence student action. Middle school students are a particularly an understudied population. This qualitative study examined how material and psychological tools, including the presentational software tools PowerPoint and Prezi mediate middle school students’ actions when conducting research for two Earth Science research projects. Six eighth-grade students recorded computer screencasts and dialogue while conducting their research. I collected data from transcripts of computer screencasts, student interviews, and artifacts. Prior to coding, I established four major themes with 20 sub-categories. The four themes were content knowledge, previous tool use, resource use, and tool use. I segmented and coded the transcripts to reflect which different tools mediated student action. An analysis of the data revealed that library resources and the special features of PowerPoint and Prezi programs did not influence actions. Instead, I discovered that the assignment requirements and research topic content were the primary mediators of actions and behavior. However, despite the overall influence of the assignment requirements and topic content, each student employed different tools to complete each assignment. The results suggest that a variety of resources should be available to meet the individualistic tool use of students. The results also suggest that educators design less structured assignments that promote and encourage student centered learning and tool use.
Temple University--Theses
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Al-Anzi, Khalid Sghayyer. "A study of the factors involved in the development of information technology in higher education libraries in the Arab countries with special reference to Kuwait." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/6255.
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The developed countries are_moving swiftly and steadily towards electronic information handling and exchange. The speed of this progress needs to be matched in Higher Education libraries in the Arab countries to cope with the advancement of research and scientific activity. There are hundreds of academic libraries in Arab countries with an enormous wealth of library collections and a rapid growth of potential library users. This study aims to investigate the main factors involved in the development of IT, Arabisation, cooperation and telematics, in the AC Higher Education libraries with special reference to Kuwait. Kuwait has suffered severely owing to the Iraqi invasion in August 1990. Most of its Higher Education libraries are in the process of being rebuilt. Therefore, this study comes at a suitable time to analyse the requirements for the implementation of IT at this stage. critical literature review has been carried out to examine the three main aspects namely,, IT, Arabisation, cooperation and telematics. A questionnaire survey was conducted inselected university libraries in AC. A field work study and a comprehensive survey including questionnaires, interviews and observations, were conducted in the Higher Education libraries in Kuwait specif icallY. This included a detailed study of user opinions, regarding IT, Arabised library system and cooperation and telematics The study shows that university libraries in AC are still at an early stage in the development of IT, Arabisation and cooperation and telematics and most of the progress in this field is to be found in certain GCC countries. Although KU and PAAET are the only two Higher Educational institutes in Kuwait their libraries lack IT, Arabisation and cooperation and telematics. Library users are dissatisfied with the current traditional library system and services being used and offered in these libraries. Both librarians and library users, although they have limited IT backgrounds, have high expectations and positive attitudes to the importance of -the above IT facilities for improving their library services. The study identifies the main critical issues affecting IT, Arabisation and cooperation and telematics in Kuwait Higher Education libraries and explores possible solutions and practical recommendations. This study also considers whether the results of the Kuwait study could be generalised to apply to other similar Arab countries
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Boekhorst, Albert Klazes. "Informatievaardig worden in het onderwijs, een informatiewetenschaplijk pespectief : een vergelijkende gevallensudie in Nederland en Zuid-Afrika /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2000. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11082004-111737.
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Larman, Harry Benjamin. "Molecular display of synthetic oligonucleotide libraries and their analysis with high throughput DNA sequencing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72912.
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Thesis (Ph. D. in Biomedical Engineering)--Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 142-151).
High throughput methods in molecular biology have changed the landscape of biomedical research. In particular, advances in massively parallel DNA sequencing and synthesis technologies are defining our genomes and the products they encode. In the first part of this thesis, we have constructed a rationally designed antibody library and analysis platform optimized for use with deep sequencing technologies. Libraries of fully defined oligonucleotides encode three complementarity determining regions (CDRs; L3 from the light chain, H2 and H3 from the heavy chain), and were combinatorially cloned into a synthetic single chain variable fragment (scFv) framework for molecular display. Our novel CDR sequence design utilized a hidden Markov model (HMM) that was trained on all antibody-antigen co-crystal complexes present in the Protein Data Bank. The resultant ~10¹² member library has been produced in ribosome display format, and was comprehensively analyzed over four rounds of antigen selections by multiplex paired-end Illumina sequencing. The HMM library generated multiple antibodies against an emerging cancer antigen and is the basis of a next generation antibody production platform. In a second application of these technologies, we have created a synthetic representation of the complete human proteome, which has been engineered for display on bacteriophage. We use this library together with deep DNA sequencing methods to profile the autoantibody repertoires of individuals with autoimmune disease in a procedure called phage immunoprecipitation sequencing (PhIP-Seq). In a proof-of-concept study, this method identified both known and novel autoantibodies contained in the spinal fluid of a control patient with paraneoplastic neurological syndrome. The study was then expanded to include a large scale automated screen of 289 independent antibody repertoires, including those from a large number of healthy donors, multiple sclerosis patients, rheumatoid arthritis patients, and type 1 diabetics. Our data describes each individual's unique "autoantibodyome", and defines a small set of recurrently targeted peptides in health and disease.
by Harry Benjamin Larman.
Ph.D.in Biomedical Engineering
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Gulbinowicz, Eva. "A Study To Determine The Feasibility Of Installing CD-ROM Technology In Ontario Government Libraries And Information Centers." NSUWorks, 1989. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/556.
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This study was designed to investigate both present and potential future applications and usage of CD - ROM technology within Ontario Government libraries and information centers. The author first reviewed the history of the Ontario Government Libraries Council, from the perspective of its mandate to provide a degree coordination between various government libraries of and improvement of library management in the Public Service, through cooperative activities. Acquisition and implementation of CD-ROM technology is a joint venture that can be undertaken for mutual benefit of Council members, and was the subject of the Feasibility Study carried out by the author. The researcher conducted a comprehensive literature review, examining many articles and the few available published studies covering a full spectrum of CD-ROM issues. This data, plus the researcher's exposure to four CD-ROM database systems, was employed to design a feasibility study, that follows the literature review
The author formally collected information needed for study purposes via a questionnaire sent out to 76 Council libraries and information centers. This process was followed up by personal contact with concerned Library Managers, for data clarification. Subsequently, the researcher formulation documented the findings of specific solutions, recommendations, for accessing and that resulted in conclusions and implementing CD-ROM technology within the Ontario Government Libraries Council. The resulting document can be employed by the Ontario Government Libraries Council and the Ontario Government Management Board, as a policy planning and implementation instrument for development and installation of CD-ROM facilities
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Guder, Christopher S. "Exploring the Relationship between Patron Type, Carnegie Classification, and Satisfaction with Library Services: An Analysis of LibQUAL+® Results." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1354726349.
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Zhang, ShaLi. "A study of the job training needs of the support staff in the six Kansas Board of Regents university libraries." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/46.
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Manandhar, Sachit. "A behavioral analysis of two spaces in Kansas State University's Hale Library based on psychologist Roger Barker's behavior setting theory." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17918.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Architecture
David Seamon
This thesis uses behavioral mapping to analyze two contrasting spaces in Kansas State University’s Hale Library. One of the spaces is meant for computer use; and the other for general library use, including study-group work. The conceptual approach chosen to describe and analyze these two library spaces is the behavior-setting theory developed by psychologist Roger Barker, who defines behavior settings as independent units of space, with temporal and spatial boundaries, that have “great coercive power over the behaviors that occur within them” (Barker, 1968, p. 17). The behavioral observations for the two Hale Library spaces were analyzed and compared with findings from other studies of library usage and behaviors. In the first chapter of the thesis, I introduce my study topic and discuss recent developments in libraries. In the second chapter, I provide a broad overview of library history and library use. I also overview behavior-setting theory and present examples of research on behavior settings and libraries. In the third chapter, I discuss research methods for this thesis, starting with how library spaces can be described as behavior settings. I then discuss specific methodological procedures involved in the behavioral study of activities in the two library spaces. In the fourth chapter, I discuss the two spaces studied in Hale Library, first, describing their physical features and then discussing their behavior-setting attributes. In the fifth chapter, I present my behavioral observations and compare and contrast the two Hale Library spaces in terms of user behaviors and as behavior settings. In the sixth and final chapter of this thesis, I compare my research results with other library research and offer my speculative ideas on the future of the academic library. The overarching theme of this thesis is evaluating how recent digital technologies have affected libraries, and how traditional library spaces and spaces designated for digital technology can be integrated in future libraries.
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Wallace, Martin, Rebecca Tolley-Stokes, and Erik Estep. "Generation X Librarian: Essays on Leadership, Technology, Pop Culture, Social Responsibility and Professional Identity." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/195.
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This collection of essays views, critiques, and analyzes the many relationships between Generation-X and librarianship. Its essays and articles explicate the “Gen-X experience” from a librarian perspective, or, the “librarian experience” from a Gen-X perspective, or, on what makes Gen-X librarians unique among other generations of librarians. It identifies what Gen-X librarians have contributed to the field, and what they have changed about the profession. The anthology covers themes of media representations and misrepresentations, work and leadership styles, management, digitization and technology, globalization, and cultural shifts. This collection presents new and compelling information about this often overlooked demographic.
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Maldonado, Maya. "Elastiska bibliotek : en undersökning av två folkbiblioteks formbarhet och gränser med hjälp av begreppet elasticitet." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-183389.
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The purpose of this Master thesis is to examine whether the term elasticity is relevant and functional to apply to public library organisations. Another aim of the thesis is to relate the term elasticity to public library organisations in a network society. Sociologist Manuel Castells provide the theoretical framework on the network society. Three investigations (meant to complement each other) in two Swedish public libraries seek to give answers to these questions.To be able to examine which areas of public library activity are elastic, I make a rough definition of what public library organisations consist of – nine activity fields are identified using IFLA’s guidelines in combination with Swedish law of public libraries. I also define elasticity. Three qualities make the term interesting to apply to public libraries: 1) elastic objects (libraries) have an ideal shape, 2) they (libraries) are moulded when pressure is applied from outside, and 3) when pressure applied from outside becomes too intense, elastic objects (libraries) break (or become dysfunctional).The essay undertakes three investigations in Alby public library and Dieselverkstaden public library in Nacka (both in Stockholm). In the first investigation two aspects of elasticity (in relation to public libraries) are examined: One aspect regards how elasticity is expressed in two texts that govern public libraries in Sweden – Swedish law and IFLA’s guidelines for public library activity. Is elasticity intrinsic in these norms and in what way? Secondly a comparison is made between how elasticity is expressed in these normative texts and the actual situations in two public libraries, in which way they are elastic, and what discrepancies there are between texts and scenarios from practice. I study the library – its collections, public activities, documents and rules and regulations regarding loans.In the second investigation I aim to find out how the visitors of public libraries shape the library, how they perform pressure on it. Short survey-like interviews are completed with twenty visitors at the two libraries.The third investigation consists of interviews with two members of the staff at each library. These interviews assist me in the process of developing thoughts regarding elastic libraries in a network society.Results show that the term elasticity is relevant but evasive. It becomes clear that studying IFLA’s guidelines and Swedish library law will not answer the question where the elasticity of the activity fields end. That limit seems to become evident only when examining libraries in practice. I find that five activity fields can be called elastic (in practice): the collections, the librarians, to give access to information and ICT, the library room and environment and management.Results also show that qualities that signify the network society combined with political changes, affect the way public libraries are perceived and opinions of how they ought to be managed. This is what I consider to be pressure on a global level. I also find that this pressure is difficult to measure.
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Burke, Marianne D. "Clinical Evidence Technologies and Patient Care." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/1022.
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ABSTRACT
Clinical evidence technologies (CETs) are information sources derived from medical research literature that may assist health care providers in continued learning, decision-making, and patient care. Examples of CETs include: MEDLINE/PubMed and Cochrane Reviews, research journal literature, print and electronic medical texts, clinical topic summaries, guidelines, and interactive decision tools. Clinicians utilize CETs to find answers to questions that arise during patient care. However, it was unclear if CETs had a measurable impact on provider practice or patient outcomes.
A literature review identified twenty-two articles evaluating CETs’ impact. Study designs included surveys, observational studies, randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental methods. The review revealed mixed evidence of CET impact on provider-level outcomes such as improved diagnoses and treatments, and on patient level outcomes such as length of hospital stay and mortality. Additional research was needed to determine whether certain CETs or CET types have impact on patient care outcomes in clinically targeted areas.
We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial (CRCT) to evaluate the effect of a dermatology-focused CET (VisualDx) when used by primary care providers. We found no difference in the patient skin disease outcomes of resolution of symptoms and return visits for the same problem in that trial. Thirty-two PCPs and 433 patients participated. In proportional hazards modelling adjusted for provider clusters, the time from index visit to skin problem resolution was similar in both groups (Hazard Ratio=0.92; 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=0.70, 1.21; P=0.54). Patient follow-up appointments did not differ significantly between groups (Odds Ratio=1.26; CI=0.94, 1.70; P=0.29).
In a follow up mixed-methods study, we sought to understand why VisualDx did not make a difference. All CRCT provider participants were surveyed about their experience in the trial. VisualDx users (intervention arm) were interviewed about their experience using the CET. Ease of access and usefulness for patient communication facilitated successful use while irrelevant search results and use of other sources were barriers. Although PCPs reported benefits, they did not perceive the CET as useful often enough to motivate using it frequently or exclusively, thereby reducing the likelihood of it making a difference in the problem resolution and return appointment outcomes.
There was no difference in skin problem resolution or number of follow-up visits when PCPs used VisualDx. PCPs did not perceive VisualDx as “useful” often enough for to use it frequently, or exclusively, thereby reducing the likelihood of this CET making a difference in patient-level outcomes.
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Kleinveldt, Lynn Tatum <1980>. "The role of libraries in support of academic research: A study of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology and the University of Bologna." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8621/1/PhD%20Thesis%20Final%20Version%20LynnKleinveldt%2019March2018.pdf.
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The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the position of communication and science academic libraries supporting chemistry and chemical engineering research at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) in South Africa, and the University of Bologna (UNIBO) in Italy. Structured interviews were conducted with a total of 42 participants which comprised of Chemistry researchers, Chemical Engineering researchers, PhD students and librarians supporting Chemistry and Chemical Engineering departments at CPUT and UNIBO. The main findings were:
• ‘Library as space’ still remain an imperative at both institutions in the digital age.
• There is a clash between the academic library promoting the Open Access movement and researchers being under pressure to publish in high impact factor journals.
• Heavy workloads and staff capacity issues in both case studies was revealed as prohibiting factors among librarians and researchers to keep up with trends.
• That the utilisation of social media and Web 2.0 tools for research is a direct result of researchers being prosumers, was found not to be the case.
• The communication gap that exists came out strongly in both case studies.
• There is a need for librarians to shift the focus more towards supporting postgraduate students with research.
Therefore the research communication framework is recommended for both higher education institutions to create a better research environment. Overall the enthusiasm revealed by librarians to keep relevant to provide state of the art research support services which speaks to the trends show promise for the future role of the academic librarian. Further qualitative research in the area of research support services across all disciplines will make a stronger contribution in the field of Library and Information Science.
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Chandra, Smita, and Vivek Patkar. "ICTS: A catalyst for enriching the learning process and library services in India." Elsevier, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106060.
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The advances in ICTs have decisively changed the library and learning environment. On the one hand, ICTs have enhanced the variety and accessibility to library collections and services to break the barriers of location and time. On the other, the e-Learning has emerged as an additional medium for imparting education in many disciplines to overcome the constraint of physical capacity associated with the traditional classroom methods. For a vast developing country like India, this provides an immense opportunity to provide even higher education to remote places besides extending the library services through networking. Thanks to the recent initiatives by the public and private institutions in this direction, a few web-based instruction courses are now running in the country. This paper reviews different aspects of e-Learning and emerging learning landscapes. It further presents the
library scene and new opportunities for its participation in the e-Learning process. How these ICTs driven advances can contribute to the comprehensive learning process in India is highlighted.
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Chetzron, Jackie B. "Student Information Gathering: Examining What Happens when School Librarians Attempt to Convey Online Information Search Strategies to Meet Information Needs." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505227/.
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There is a growing expectation that school librarians function within their job descriptions beyond the role of reading promoter and resource manager. With college and career readiness standards, technology use and digital learning standards and information literacy standards now in place for student learning expectations, it is vital that students have opportunities to acquire, develop and practice such skills for future success in the global market economy. For students to receive such opportunities, there should be designed instruction delivered to students that allows for them to learn and practice information gathering techniques to access, use and apply information effectively, efficiently and ethically while developing technology skills within context of their content learning and real-world connections authentically. This study examined how school librarians conveyed information gathering techniques to students through a qualitative, constant comparative approach. Five middle school librarians in an urban school district participated in an observation and interview. Findings suggest that school librarians do claim an instructional role regarding information gathering and technology usage, although it manifests in diverse ways. Implications for future studies and practice suggest that the position become more defined such that the expectation to function in these roles is widely accepted by all stakeholders, and for the effectiveness of the instruction on the development of these skills. As school librarians embrace and adopt new and emerging technologies within their instructional delivery, examining the effectiveness of that instruction would be of interest.
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Béquet, Gaëlle. "Innovation et patrimoine numérique dans trois bibliothèques nationales européennes (Bibliothèque nationale de France, British Library, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030169.
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L’analyse historique et sociologique de la mise en place des bibliothèques numériques dans trois institutions patrimoniales (Bibliothèque nationale de France, British Library, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek), sur une période allant de 1990 à 2011, montre la façon dont ces organisations, produisant et conservant un patrimoine physique, se sont transformées pour constituer et préserver un patrimoine numérique. La bibliothèque numérique est ici considérée de manière double, à la fois innovation technique et organisation. Elle est une innovation technique car elle est fondée sur un ensemble d’inventions (photographie numérique, serveurs web, internet, reconnaissance optique de caractères, métadonnées, etc…). Ces inventions sont combinées sous l’action de groupes de référence (chercheurs, bibliothécaires, informaticiens, éditeurs, pouvoirs publics, responsables marketing, mécènes, entreprises privées). Ces groupes peuvent être soit marginaux, soit inclus dans un réseau socio-technique spécifique qui contribue à la mise en place de la bibliothèque numérique. Cette dernière est un artefact technique qui évolue dans le temps, passant du stade d’objet-valise, caractérisé par une grande flexibilité interprétative, à celui d’objet-frontière, répondant aux besoins de tous les groupes de référence inclus dans le réseau. Une bibliothèque numérique est également une organisation, émanant de la bibliothèque physique, qui crée des services spécifiques chargés de contrôler les zones d’incertitude majeures que sont les techniques numériques et l’émergence de fournisseurs de contenus en ligne. Ceux-ci concurrencent les bibliothèques nationales dans la diffusion du patrimoine culturel. Les controverses entre acteurs sont les moments privilégiés où se dévoilent leurs positions face à l’artefact technique : la traduction est alors le moyen d’enrôler les membres du réseau socio-technique pour aboutir à la fixation provisoire de l’artefact. Le réseau socio-technique évolue dans le temps pour créer de nouvelles versions de l’artefactThe historical and sociological analysis of the setting up of digital libraries in three heritage institutions (Bibliothèque nationale de France, British Library, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek), from 1990 to 2011, shows how these organisations, which produce and preserve physical cultural heritage, have evolved to produce and preserve digital cultural heritage. The digital library has two aspects: it is a technological innovation and an organisation of its own. As a technological innovation, it is grounded on inventions such as digital photography, web servers, internet, optical character recognition, metadata…These inventions are combined by the action of reference groups (scholars, librarians, computer specialists, public administrations, sponsors, private companies). These groups are either marginal or included in a socio-technical network which creates the digital library. The latter is a technical artefact that evolves from a “suitcase-object” with great interpretive flexibility to a boundary object which satisfies the needs of reference groups taking part in the socio-technical network. A digital library is also an organisation, stemming from the physical library which creates specific departments in charge of controlling major uncertainty zones such as digital technologies and emerging online content providers. The latter compete with national libraries in the diffusion of cultural heritage. Controversies between actors are key moments when actors reveal their opinions concerning the technical artefact: translation is the means to enlist members of the socio-technical network to achieve the temporary closure of the artefact. The socio-technical network evolves with time to create new versions of the artefact
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Doucette, Wendy, and Joanna Anderson. "Boosting Boot Camp: Embedded Librarians Coach Students to Graduation Finish Line!" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/399.
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From its inception in 2012, the Dissertation and Thesis Bootcamp at East Tennessee State University (ETSU) has included a library component. Unfortunately, librarians were used more as computer technicians, assisting students with technological access issues and occasional citation help, than as information specialists. In Spring 2015, the new Graduate Librarian and the Distance Education Librarian proposed significantly expanding the librarian's role in the program by adding targeted workshops to address physical and virtual workspace organization and research strategies. In the exit surveys for Boot camp, students have expressed high ratings and appreciation for these formal library instruction opportunities. Familiarity with the embedded librarians greatly increased the interaction between students and librarians, allowing for timely, point of need interventions during boot camp, as well as continued personal consulatations afterwards. This infographic-based poster will use graphed data, linear progression and photographs to showcase the different function performed by the librarians embedded in bootcamp. It will clearly and systematically demonstrate visually how what began as a teaching research and data management skills improved student ability and confidence and progressed to one-on-one and group sessions. This case study will provide inspiration and guidelines to help others reproduce our success. Links to the content of our workshops will also be available.
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Lawson, Cheryl L. "A Change Agent in the Use of Continuing Online Distance Learning Technology." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc11027/.
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Managers of public libraries have been presented with a new set of challenges in the day-to-day operations of public libraries. These include their ability to serve as change agents as they manage the use of continuing online distance learning (CODL) for staff. This online tool may provide staff opportunities for on-the-job learning, yet for managers and managerial staff little is known about how the tool impacts their role in light of the changes. This research investigates the perceptions of 103 Northeast Texas Library System managers and managerial staff about their role as a change agent in the use of CODL using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to determine the outcome. Administrators from urban, suburban, and rural public libraries were surveyed using a General Training Climate Scale to explore three constructs: extent of the manager role, manager role, and use of CODL. Data analysis was performed using exploratory and confirmatory analysis to support the theoretical model. An altered model was tested and confirmed through model fit indices.
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Pomerantz, Jeffrey, Barbara M. Wildemuth, Seungwon Yang, and Edward A. Fox. "Curriculum Development for Digital Libraries." Association for Computing Machinery, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106056.
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The Virginia Tech Department of Computer Science (VT CS) and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Information and Library Science (UNC SILS) have launched a curriculum development project in the area of digital libraries. Educational resources will be developed based on the Computing Curriculum 2001. Lesson plans and modules will be developed in a variety of areas (that cover the topics of papers and conference sessions in the field), evaluated by experts in those areas, and then pilot tested in CS and LIS courses. The authors are seeking instructors, schools, and departments interested in developing, implementing, and/or evaluating these educational materials.
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Majid, M. Shaheen. "Effectiveness of Malaysian agricultural libraries." Thesis, City, University of London, 2000. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/20113/.
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Evaluation studies can help libraries to find out their strengths and weaknesses and use this knowledge for re-orienting their collections, services and facilities to effectively meet the information needs of their users. The purpose of this study was to explore the information needs and seeking behaviour of agricultural scientists in Malaysia and how effectively their needs are satisfied by their libraries. The study investigated some major factors that were considered important in effectively meeting the information needs of these scientists. Five major agricultural institutions in Malaysia participated in the study. Data was collected through two questionnaires and follow-up interviews with selected respondents and library staff. The user survey questionnaire provided data on information needs and seeking behaviour of respondents, their assessment about the adequacy of library collections, services and facilities, and their overall perceptions about library effectiveness. The library survey questionnaire furnished data from the participating libraries on their manpower, budget, collections, physical resources, library services, and resource sharing activities. The population of the study comprised 1,328 individuals. Proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to generate random samples. A total of 332 questionnaires were distributed and 234 useable questionnaires were received back with an overall response rate of 70.5 percent. The study found that research and review articles were the most preferred sources for getting up-to-date information. Interaction . with professional colleagues was also considered important for information exchange. Libraries were more extensively used during two important stages of research, i.e., proposal development and report writing. Although a majority of the respondents personally visited their library they, however, sent their junior researchers andlor para-professionals for getting photocopies of articles, checking out books or getting information from the sources already known to them. The use of IT-based information sources and facilities was very low, although a majority of the respondents possessed reasonably good computing skills. Among the Internet applications, e-mail was the most popular while other Internet-based sources and facilities were used infrequently. A positive relationship was found between perceptions about library effectiveness and assessment of participants of the adequacy of library collections, equipment and physical resources. Other factors having a positive impact on the perception about library effectiveness were: involvement in the selection of library materials; notification of current materials; adequate promotion; convenient library location; staff attitude; and participation in user education programmes. The level of resource sharing among Malaysian libraries was quite high as nearly 74 percent of the interlibrary loan and document delivery requests of the participating libraries were met locally. However, only a minimal resource sharing was found among the participating libraries and libraries in the ASEAN countries. Although the participating libraries agreed in principle to participate in a resource sharing scheme, they felt that it should be the prerogative of the participating library to decide its level of co-operation and with which library to share its resources. It means that these libraries were in favour of a "loose" library co-operation network. A big difference was found between the number of document delivery requests made by these libraries to international sources and the number of such requests received by them from overseas, confirming one-way flow of information. Most of the document delivery requests were made to the BLDSC. Malaysian agricultural scientists, as compared to scientists in developed countries, made considerably less number of interlibrary loan and document delivery requests. A positive relationship was found between the availability of funds in research projects for literature procurement and the number of document delivery requests made. The study concludes that agricultural libraries in Malaysia were to some extent meeting the information needs of their scientists, although a disparity among these libraries was quite evident. However, the financial crisis of 1997 has severely affected the performance of these libraries. Library collections, services and facilities considered reasonable at the time of this study may quickly become inadequate due to the lack of funds to sustain them. Therefore, agricultural libraries in Malaysia need to develop appropriate strategies for surviving in the rapidly changing environment. Major recommendations of the study are: development of a formal resource sharing scheme for agricultural libraries in Malaysia, putting holdings information of these libraries on the Internet to facilitate resource sharing, making subscriptions to full-text electronic journals, more library co-operation among ASEAN countries, and the conduct of intensive user education programmes.
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Poulo, Lebeko Bernard Nkoebele. "Cloud computing for digital libraries." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14036.
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Information management systems (digital libraries/repositories, learning management systems, content management systems) provide key technologies for the storage, preservation and dissemination of knowledge in its various forms, such as research documents, theses and dissertations, cultural heritage documents and audio files. These systems can make use of cloud computing to achieve high levels of scalability, while making services accessible to all at reasonable infrastructure costs and on-demand. This research aims to develop techniques for building scalable digital information management systems based on efficient and on-demand use of generic grid-based technologies such as cloud computing. In particular, this study explores the use of existing cloud computing resources offered by some popular cloud computing vendors such as Amazon Web Services. This involves making use of Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) to store large and increasing volumes of data, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) to provide the required computational power and Amazon SimpleDB for querying and data indexing on Amazon S3. A proof-of-concept application comprising typical digital library services was developed and deployed in the cloud environment and evaluated for scalability when the demand for more data and services increases. The results from the evaluation show that it is possible to adopt cloud computing for digital libraries in addressing issues of massive data handling and dealing with large numbers of concurrent requests. Existing digital library systems could be migrated and deployed into the cloud.
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Eldredge, Jonathan D., Joanne Gard Marshall, Alison Brettle, Heather Holmes, Lotta Haglund, and Rick Wallace. "Health Libraries." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8688.
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Book Summary The book takes an open and encompassing approach to exploring evidence based library and information practice (EBLIP) and the ways it can improve the practice of librarianship. Bringing together recent theory, research, and case studies, it provides librarians with a new reference point for how they can use and create evidence within their practice, in order to better meet the needs of their communities.
Being Evidence Based in Library and Information Practice is divided into two parts; in the first part the editors explore the background to EBLIP and put forward a new model for its application in the workplace which encompasses five elements: Articulate, Assemble, Assess, Agree, Adapt. In the second part, contributors from academic, public, health, school, and special libraries from around the world provide an overview of EBLIP developments and offer examples of successful implementation.
Essential reading for library and information professionals from all types of institutions who want to make more informed decisions and better meet the needs of their users, this book will also be of interest to students of library and information studies and researchers.
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Tartarotti, Roberta Cristina Dal Evedove. "Atuação bibliotecária no tratamento temático da informação em unidades informacionais: um estudo comparativo qualitativo-quantitativo." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1140.
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Previous issue date: 2013-12-17Considering the importance of information and knowledge socialization in the present day context and the essentiality of the production of knowledge for producing science, access to quality and reliable information remains crucial. The field of Knowledge Organization and Representation (KOR) of Information Science offers the theoretical-practical approach available for the production, processing and retrieval of information and knowledge in the society, considering the treatment of information as a complementary linkage between the production and the very use of information. The main purpose of the present exploratory-descriptive qualitative-quantitative and theoretical-practical study was conduct a research of library functions in the thematic treatment of information in the retrieval systems of information units through subject cataloging in online collective catalog, with focus on subject analysis. In the design of the study, the following specific objectives were set: a) to investigate the process of subject cataloguing in online collective catalogs as well as the process of indexing in databases; b) to evaluate the documentary indexing in the context of information retrieval systems of university libraries; 3) to discuss the practice of subject cataloguing and the indexing process in order to improve professional practice in the thematic treatment of information in the context of university libraries. First, the study offers some theoretical perspectives for the dialogue between the fields of Science, Technology and Society (STS) and the field of Information Science (IC), in view of the area of Knowledge Organization and Representation (KOR). Second, it presents the elements of science and technology policy in university libraries and the retrieval systems of units of information, especially the university libraries online collective catalogs and the databases of specialized scientific areas. Finally, it presents the information subject treatment (IST) in the domain of Information Science, considering the importance of this process in information retrieval for users and researchers from the academic context. After reviewing the literature, the Verbal Protocol (VP) analysis in the modality of Individual Verbal Protocol (IVP) was used as a qualitative method for collecting data from the librarians who work in information retrieval systems in Health, to observe the cognitive processes of documental analysis (document type: Doctoral thesis) in the subject cataloguing in the online collective catalog DEDALUS (USP) and to perform the indexing process in LILACS database (BIREME). Additionally, indexing evaluation (IE) was used as a quantitative method to measure and to evaluate the intrinsic/extrinsic aspects of the indexing process, in the modality the Intra-indexer consistency or Intralibrarian taking into account the lack of verticalized studies that use this method. The sample of the study comprised three public university libraries from the University of São Paulo: Library of the School of Dentistry, Library of the School of Public Health and Library of the Institute of Psychology 5 subjects (2 catalogers, 2 indexers and 1 cataloger-indexer) were studied. The results indicated low rates of intraconsistency between the processes of subject cataloguing and subject indexing in the libraries, however, in the average reported in the literature. The conclusion of the study highlights the importance of considering interdisciplinarity in scientific, technological and social fields between the two scientific spheres, in view of the complexity of information flow and knowledge in society.
Considerando-se a relevância da socialização da informação e do conhecimento na contemporaneidade e que a produção do conhecimento é indispensável para a produção da ciência, o acesso à informação de qualidade e confiável é imprescindível. A área de Organização e Representação do Conhecimento (ORC) da Ciência da Informação dispõe do arcabouço teórico-prático necessário no que tange à produção, tratamento e recuperação da informação/conhecimento na sociedade, tendo o tratamento da informação como elo complementar entre a produção e o uso de informações. Desse modo, a presente pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, qualitativo-quantitativa e de caráter teórico-prático, teve como objetivo geral realizar investigação da atuação bibliotecária no tratamento temático da informação em sistemas de recuperação de unidades de informação, por meio da indexação em base de dados e da catalogação de assunto em catálogo coletivo on-line, com destaque para a análise de assunto. Para a concretização da pesquisa, delinearam-se os seguintes objetivos específicos: a) investigar o processo de catalogação de assunto em catálogos coletivos on-line e de indexação em bases de dados; b) realizar a avaliação da indexação documental no contexto de sistemas de recuperação da informação de bibliotecas universitárias; 3) discutir a prática da catalogação de assunto e do processo de indexação com o intuito de aprimorar a atuação profissional no tratamento temático da informação no contexto de bibliotecas universitárias. Primeiramente, como fundamentação teórica discorre sobre algumas perspectivas de interlocução entre o campo Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) e o campo da Ciência da Informação (CI), à luz da área de Organização e Representação do Conhecimento (ORP). Em seguida, apresenta os elementos de política de ciência e tecnologia em bibliotecas universitárias e os sistemas de recuperação de unidades de informação, com destaque para os catálogos coletivos on-line de bibliotecas universitárias e as bases de dados de áreas científicas especializadas. Por fim, apresenta o Tratamento Temático da Informação (TTI) no âmbito da Ciência da Informação, considerando-se a relevância deste processo na recuperação da informação aos usuários e pesquisadores do âmbito acadêmico. Após o resgate na literatura, como metodologia qualitativa foi utilizada a técnica do Protocolo Verbal (PV) na modalidade Protocolo Verbal Individual (PVI), com o intuito de coletar os dados dos bibliotecários que atuam em sistemas de recuperação da informação na área da Saúde, para observação dos processos cognitivos de análise documental, do tipo tese, na catalogação de assunto no catálogo coletivo on-line DEDALUS (USP) e do processo de indexação na base de dados LILACS (BIREME). De forma complementar, como metodologia quantitativa optou-se pela Avaliação da Indexação (AI), para medir e avaliar os aspectos intrínsecos/extrínsecos do processo de indexação, na modalidade Avaliação Intrínseca Quantitativa ou Intrabibliotecário, pressupondo-se ainda a carência de estudos verticalizados em torno desta metodologia que trace diretrizes para esta prática. O universo de pesquisa constituiu-se de três Bibliotecas universitárias públicas da Universidade de São Paulo: Biblioteca da Faculdade de Odontologia (FO), Biblioteca da Faculdade de Saúde Pública (FSP) e Biblioteca do Instituto de Psicologia (IP), sendo pesquisados 5 sujeitos (2 catalogadores, 2 indexadores e 1 catalogadorindexador). Os resultados da investigação a partir da coleta de dados e análise dos mesmos apontaram baixos índices de intraconsistência entre os processos de catalogação de assunto e de indexação nas Bibliotecas pesquisadas, porém, dentro da média apontada na literatura. Como considerações finais, destaca a relevância em se considerar as perspectivas interdisciplinares nas abordagens científica, tecnológica e social entre os dois campos científicos, visto a complexidade da circulação da informação e do conhecimento na sociedade.
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Khudair, Ahmad A. "Health sciences libraries : information services and ICTs." Thesis, City University London, 2005. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/11881/.
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In Saudi Arabia the need is recognised significantly to move towards the concept of an Information Society, particularly for the benefit of the healthcare community. There have been some individual efforts, in this direction but they do not address the problem and related root issues. The problem is that the body and soul are not joined as one to formulate a single entity. The health professional is the body and the soul is the health information professional (health librarians). Health professionals spend a great deal of time in information searching, while the health information professional's role is underestimated. This research is conducted to explore the state of health sciences libraries, and to investigate the strengths and weaknesses of the Information Services and Information, Communication Technology (ICT) in health sciences libraries in the capital city of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh. To accomplish this, a mixed method is used (qualitative and quantitative approaches) to collect related data. A framework is designed particularly for this research and a visionary organisational model is designed initially and developed throughout the research. This proposed model is to introduce a potentially possible successful paradigm for changing the health sciences libraries environment to encounter future challenges. In addition, for this research will contribute to the better understanding of how to provide fast, efficient and easy-to-use service to increase user satisfaction. Changing the paradigm of health sciences libraries in Riyadh will facilitate better access, sharing and use of information resources from distant geographical locations, and increase participation opportunities. In addition, the proposed model considers the human and social needs of communication, and the exchange of feelings and reactions. Importantly, successful change will help healthcare environments to move towards the establishment of a flourishing health information society by popularising the use of electronic resources and demonstrating the benefits and advantages of continuous learning and development programmes. It is clear that access to fast. accurate and reliable health information and resources, may be, the difference between life and death.
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Fuka, Karel. "Knowledge management in digital libraries." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268680.
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Chan, Karen. "Customer acceptance of technology in Hong Kong public libraries." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843055/.
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The rapid development in technology and the huge funding in technological systems in Hong Kong Public Libraries have drawn the attention for researchers to conduct library technology research. While traditional research focuses on the technological development, it is found that there is lack of user-focused research. During the past ten years, public libraries in Hong Kong spent millions of dollars on the development of different technological systems. However, there is no proof that public library users have used them sufficiently. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting user acceptance of library technology in Hong Kong. Considering the reported underutilization of library technology and the importance of promoting them, this study aimed to provide better understanding of the different factors of user acceptance based on a well established theoretical foundation. This study integrated different technology acceptance models towards intention to use library technology in a public library environment. These models are prominent models used to explain the effects of users' internal beliefs and attitudes on their system usage behaviour. Fourteen variables are included in the proposed model in this study. This study employed a cross-sectional field study using a mixed research method which first included qualitative and then quantitative techniques. The study targeted public library users who have experience using library technology. The population of the study was public library users sampled in three major libraries and in three major districts in Hong Kong. Based on a sample of 462 public library users, the proposed integrated model was found to be strongly effective in explaining user acceptance of library technology. It also demonstrates the effects of external variables on behavioural intention through perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. The results of the data analysis showed that perceived ease of use had a stronger effect on user acceptance than perceived usefulness, suggesting that user acceptance of library technology depends on the ease of using one system. Relevance, system reliability and perceived ease of use showed positive effects on perceived usefulness. Also, it was found that accessibility, domain knowledge and level of navigation showed positive effects on perceived ease of use while level of understanding of terminology did not. Moreover, the results indicated that user training has a significant effect on perceived usefulness but not on perceived ease of use. This calls for a need to re-examine the effectiveness of user training in the context of library technology. The results also suggested that although subjective norm does not directly affect users' intention to use library technology, it exerts an influence for users in order to get to know this technology. Additionally, the results indicated that there were significant differences of age towards the acceptance of library technology while younger users were found to have more intention to use library technology than older users. The findings of this study provide public library managers with increased understanding so that they can implement improved strategic, marketing and operational changes. Details of the full range of management benefits of the findings are available in Chapter Eight of this study.
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Feng, Fu-Yao Kevin. "Customisable abstract representation layer for digital libraries." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6397.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-82).The user interface is a very important component in a piece of software as it is the layer which allows user interaction with the underlying functionality. Within the domain of digital libraries modification to the interface layer, to make it more appropriate for target users, requires substantial programming skill. This research studies the possibility of making a user customisable interface system by using HeI methodologies for user requirements identification and evaluation, as well as AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) for design and development. The final prototype allows users to directly design pages by adding, deleting, dragging and dropping elements in a Web browser. The research ends with an expert evaluation of such a system where satisfactory results were shown.
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Copeland, Michele Rzewski. "Parent involvement in elementary school libraries." Thesis, Shenandoah University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3569346.
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In the 21st century, school libraries are under pressure to innovate. Library budgets are frequently slashed as districts struggle with limited fiscal resources, while library personnel are increasingly expected to provide students with resources they need to help them pass high stakes tests. In an effort to meet student needs with limited resources, many school librarians are using parent volunteers in different capacities. This dissertation explores how three school librarians in different school settings recruited, trained, and used their parent volunteers through the use of an exploratory case study. The researcher conducted observations and semi structured interviews to gain the perspectives of volunteers and librarians regarding the use of volunteers in school libraries. The collection of schedules, photographs, newsletters, and other artifacts enabled the researcher to create a description of three different library volunteer programs. This dissertation explores the motivations of volunteers who participate in volunteer programs, and describes the challenges of operating and maintaining library volunteer programs. Key findings emerged regarding the wishes of parent volunteers to develop authentic partnerships with school staff to engage students in meaningful student learning. Stakeholders interested in establishing or modifying their own volunteer programs could use this data to inform them as they structure school library volunteer programs.
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Canepi, Kitti 1955. "Information access through electronic databases for rural public libraries." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278522.
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Electronic databases allow rural libraries to expand information access beyond the limits of their material collection. How are these libraries to know which databases best meet the needs of their clientele? Research done at the onset of this project revealed no previous studies on the ability of databases to answer real questions. In this study, public library patron questions received by the Arizona State Reference Center were searched on ten different databases recommended in William Katz's Introduction to Reference Work, 6th edition, and available through DIALOG Online Services. Given the limitations and exploratory nature of this study, the results indicate that of the databases tested, the set of Books in Print, Magazine Database, ABI/INFORM, PAIS, and GPO Publications could qualify as a set of databases that would enable rural public library staff to find sources for 90% of the patron requests for information not found within the library.
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Velasquez, Diane L. "The impact of technology on organizational change in public libraries a qualitative study /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4668.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on March 3, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Ross, Jessica M. "The Role of Public Libraries in Rural Communication Infostructure." Thesis, The University of Alabama, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10838616.
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Dissemination of news and information is often challenging in small, rural communities, where sprawling geography and limited resources can limit the effectiveness of communication systems. While traditional media and local organizations attempt to inform the public through newspapers, flyers, radio, social media, and word of mouth, no one means of communication is entirely successful in reaching the masses. Rural institutions and organizations often lack a means of communicating current news to members of small towns due to the void of an integrated information infrastructure, or infostructure .
Borrowing from the framework of Communication Infrastructure Theory and previously suggested models for community infrastructure, this study was an effort to better understand how people in this small town communicate—how they create, disseminate and prefer to receive information about the community. This exploratory, qualitative, case study examined communications in one small, rural town to determine whether or not the library might be able to partner with local media, resident networks, and other organizations in the community, to maximize available resources, eliminate duplication, and increase overall effectiveness in the communication infrastructure. This new model would place the public library, or anchor institution, at the center of the storytelling network, as the hub for local news and information.
Through interviews and focus groups with 32 members of the community under study, I identified ways in which people communicate, connections between storytelling agents within the local storytelling network, and voids that, if addressed might improve the community’s ability to communicate in general. This study suggested ways that libraries might serve a role as the anchor of anchors for communication in rural communities.
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Dillon, Andrew. "New technology and the reading process." Medford, NJ: Information Today, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106359.
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This item is not the definitive copy. Please use the following citation when referencing this material: Dillon, A. (1991) New technology and the reading process. Computers in Libraries, 11(6) 23-26.
Abstract: The present paper discusses some the important issues involved in presenting text on screen. It is argued that reading is a complex cognitive and physical skill that requires careful analysis if technology is going to support rather than hinder the user. The need to consider texts individually in terms of how and why they are read as well as the type of information they contain is discussed. On the basis of a study of journal usage the implications of this approach for the presentation of electronic journals is described.
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Smith, Michael Quinton. "The impact of information and communications technology change on the management and operations of academic libraries." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of information and communications technology change on the management and operations of academic libraries. How academic libraries deal with this phenomenon and strategies that could be considered to help deal with an environment where technology constantly change. This study focused on the impact of information and communications technology driven change on the academic library e.g. staff, clients, physical resources and information resources.
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Al-Fadhli, Meshal Shehab. "Technology adoption in academic libraries in the state of Kuwait." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.548642.
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G-Chandorkar, Tripti (Gore-Chandorkar). "Users, technology and space in libraries in the digital age." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33023.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-62).
This thesis is a user research study of emerging issues in the use of libraries as public spaces and as information repositories in the digital age. Till recently strong physicality was attached to the library with the only access to its information resources being visiting the library premises. The availability of the Internet, digital documents and wi-fi has brought about unprecedented changes in the function, use and operation of libraries today. The environment of evolving technologies is bringing about a variety of new user practices that creates ambiguity for the future of the library as an institution as well as an architectural space. This study attempts to identify various issues in the use of library spaces today through the means of qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. Four libraries differing in the technology and quality of space provided have been chosen as case studies. The shifting physical form and meaning of the library's architectural space and its implications for the design of future libraries will be examined. A set of recommendations for better user experience in present and future library spaces will be part of the research.
by Tripti G-Chandorkar.
S.M.
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Shih, Wen-Chung, Chao-Tung Yang, and Shian-Shyong Tseng. "An interlibrary cooperation framework for digital libraries using P2P technology." School of Communication & Information, Nanyang Technological University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105201.
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InterLibrary Cooperation is an important activity of libraries. However, the emerging digital library architecture has not explicitly supported this requirement. In this paper, we propose an InterLibrary Cooperation Framework for digital libraries using P2P technology. An application of this framework to Faculty Publication Sharing System is presented. Besides, a reputation model based on data mining is utilized to provide libraries with incentives to join this framework.
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Krowne, Aaron Phillip. "An Architecture for Collaborative Math and Science Digital Libraries." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34891.
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In this thesis I present Noosphere, a system for the collaborative production of digital libraries. Further, I describe the special features of Noosphere which allow it to support mathematical and scientific content, and how it applies an encyclopedic organizational style. I also describe how Noosphere frees the digital library maintainer from a heavy administrative burden by implementing the design pattern of zero content administration. Finally, I discuss evidence showing that Noosphere works and is sustainable, both in the a priori and empirical senses.Master of Science
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Wallace, Rick L., and Nakia J. Woodward. "Linking Libraries: An Analysis of a Consumer Health Partnership between Academic and Public Libraries." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8726.
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Donovan, Alan A. A. 1976. "Converting Java programs to use generic libraries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28727.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-127).
Java 1.5 will include a type system (called JSR-14) that supports parametric polymorphism, or generic classes. This will bring many benefits to Java programmers, not least because current Java practise makes heavy use of logically-generic classes, including container classes. Translation of Java source code into semantically equivalent JSR-14 source code requires two steps: parameterisation (adding type parameters to class definitions) and instantiation (adding the type arguments at each use of a parameterised class). Parameterisation need be done only once for a class, whereas instantiation must be performed for each client, of which there are potentially many more. Therefore, this work focuses on the instantiation problem. We present a technique to determine sound and precise JSR-14 types at each use of a class for which a generic type specification is available. Our approach uses a precise and context-sensitive pointer analysis to determine possible types at allocation sites, and a set-constraint-based analysis (that incorporates guarded, or conditional, constraints) to choose consistent types for both allocation and declaration sites. The technique safely handles all features of the JSR-14 type system, notably the raw types (which provide backward compatibility) and 'unchecked' operations on them. We have implemented our analysis in a tool that automatically inserts type arguments into Java code, and we report its performance when applied to a number of real-world Java programs.
by Alan A.A. Donovan.
S.M.
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Williams, Amy Lynne Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Static detection of deadlock for Java libraries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87909.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-66).
Library writers wish to provide a guarantee not only that each procedure in the library performs correctly in isolation, but also that the procedures perform correctly when run in conjunction. To this end, we propose a method for static detection of deadlock in Java libraries. Our goal is to determine whether client code exists that may deadlock a library, and, if so, to enable the library writer to discover the calling patterns that can lead to deadlock. Our flow-sensitive, context-sensitive analysis determines possible deadlock configurations using a lock-order graph. This graph represents the order in which locks are acquired by the library. Cycles in the graph indicate deadlock possibilities, and our tool reports all such possibilities. We implemented our analysis and evaluated it on 18 libraries comprising 1245 kLOC. We verified 13 libraries to be free from deadlock, and found -14 distinct deadlocks in 3 libraries.
by Amy Lynne Williams.
S.M.
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Wyatt, Douglas Karl. "Shared libraries in an exokernel operating system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42736.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (p. 47).
by Douglas Karl Wyatt.
M.Eng.